unit 4 Language that matters
袁祥恒整理 大学思辨英语精读1 Unit 4答案

Unit4Language LearningUnit overviewLanguage acquisition is one of the key issues for the study of language and it is closely related to the study of almost all aspects of language.How we acquire language seems to be a most straightforward question but actually no one can provide a definite answer to it.Exploring this question can help us better understand other issues about language.Text AIn Text A,Napoli provides two answers to the question in the title,“How do we acquire language?”.First,children acquire language step by step,gaining a certain skill in each step:recognizing the voices of their mother and other people, distinguishing the sounds of their mother tongue from other language,recognizing words,producing words,producing two-word phrases and producing sentences. However,it does not mean every individual child exactly follows this pattern.Second, language is acquired on the basis of Universal Grammar,which is exemplified by a variety of language acquisition phenomena:Children arrange words according to abstract innate linguistic principles;early utterances produced by small children have an innate structure;immigrants’children can distinguish grammatical and ungrammatical language us;while parents speak a pidgin language,children may develop a creole language,which has a coherent grammar;and children,especially twins,can develop a secret communication system conforming to UG.In conclusion, language acquisition is a natural process determined by the human biological and physiological make-up.Text BText B is focused on second language acquisition.The authors compare first language acquisition and second language acquisition.According to them,L2learners tend to have errors in pronunciation and grammar and usually cannot fully acquire the pronunciation and grammar of a second language.Though,they also share some features in common with L1learners in terms of work order.Then,the authors analyze the impact of L1on L2acquisition in terms of pronunciation,grammar and phonology.However,the difficulty in L2acquisition is caused by more factors than the interference of L1.In the end,the authors discuss the role of age in L2acquisition and challenges the Critical Period Hypothesis.The two articles focus on first language acquisition and second language acquisition respectively.After reading Text A,students can compare the differences between L1 and L2acquisition and discuss the impact of L1on L2acquisition.Teaching objectivesReading skills●Summarize the main idea of each paragraph●Identify topic sentences and key words●Identify supporting detailsCommunicative competence●Illustrate your points with appropriate examples●Use topic sentences and supporting sentences to organize your presentation/essay ●Use euphemisms for possibly impolite expressionsCritical thinking●Use different examples to support different aspects of an idea●Use observation and literature to collect first-hand and second-hand evidence●Critique a“popular”folk theory with exemplification and reasoning Intercultural competence●Be aware of the differences and similarities between English and Chineseeuphemisms●Compare the Chinese language and the English language in terms of L1and L2learning●Understand the effects of cultural differences on communication and languagelearningTeaching strategiesYou can arouse the students’interest in this topic by showing them the Nature vs. Nurture debate,which is controversial in not only language acquisition but also psychology,education,law and popular culture.There is no definite answer to this debate but every student may have his or her own answer.After learning this unit, they will get new evidence or examples to support their answer or they may simply change their view.For a detailed description of child language acquisition,you can refer to Chapter8in Towards an Understanding of Language and Linguistics(《语言学概论》)by Lan Chun.Other resources include:●A general introduction/language.html●Emphasis on nature vs.emphasis on experience/news/special_reports/linguistics/learn.jsp●Language acquisition nguage learning/inservices/language_acquisiti_vs_language_02033.phpPreparatory work(1)Language Matters:A Guide to Everyday Questions About LanguageThis activity aims to arouse students’interest in other everyday questions about language which they often take for granted.They can also learn to search for an academic monograph on the Internet.The twelve questions answered by the author in the book are:●Question1:How do we acquire language?●Question2:From one language to the next:Why is it hard to learn a secondlanguage?Why is translation so difficult?●Question3:Does language equal thought?●Question4:Are sign languages real languages?●Question5:Do animals have language?●Question6:Can computers learn language?●Question7:Whose speech is better?●Question8:Why do dialects and creoles differ from standard language?●Question9:Do men and women speak differently?And who cares?●Question10:English spelling is hard,and it makes learning to read hard.Shouldwe do anything about it?●Question11:Should the United States adopt English as our official language andoverhaul our educational system accordingly?●Question12:Does exposure to and use of offensive language harm children?The book can be found on ,which also provides the second edition of the book with15questions about language.(2)Small children learning languageThis activity provides an opportunity for students to reflect on their personal experiences of learning language and collect some real examples of language learning, which can be analyzed during the reading of Text A.Relevant cases can also be found on the Internet,for example:/s?__biz=MzA5MzUxNTQ3Nw==&mid=206097261&id x=1&sn=ff8cb7a4119c131e3773e9f7d58d2fa6#rd(3)Universal GrammarThis activity is of great importance for understanding the second part of Text A. Definition:Universal Grammar proposes that the ability to learn grammar andlanguage is hard-wired into the brain.It is shared by all human languages.Chomsky argued that the human brain contains a limited set of rules for organizing language. Key publications of Chomsky:●Syntactic Structures,London:Mouton,1957.●Current Issues in Linguistic Theory,The Hague:Mouton,1964.●Aspects of the Theory of Syntax,Cambridge:M.I.T.Press,1965.●Language and Mind,New York:Harcourt,Brace&World,1968.●Studies on Semantics in Generative Grammar,The Hague:Mouton,1972.●The Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory,New York:Plenum Press,1975.●Lectures on Government and Binding:The Pisa Lectures,Dordrecht,Holland:Foris Publications,1982.●Some Concepts and Consequences of the Theory of Government and Binding,Cambridge:M.I.T.Press,1982.●Language and Thought,Wakefield,RI:Moyer Bell,1993.●The Generative Enterprise Revisited:Discussions with Riny Huybregts,Henkvan Riemsdijk,Naoki Fukui,and Mihoko Zushi,with a new foreword by Noam Chomsky,Berlin:Mouton de Gruyter,2004.For more information about Chomsky,please refer to the following website: /index.htm(4)Types of languageThis activity provides background information necessary for understanding different kinds of language mentioned by Napoli in Text A.Motherese/baby talk(Paragraph7):It is a nonstandard form of speech used by adults in talking to toddlers and infants.It features high pitch and special vocabulary,e.g. doggy for dog(Para.10),daddy for dad(Para.10),kitty for cat and wawa for water.A feature of baby talk in Chinese is reduplication,e.g.喝水水and吃饭饭。
Unit 4 Language and Culture

Unit 4 Language and Culture⏹Warm Up⏹Read the following humorous dialogues and try to translate them into Chinese.⏹Can they be rendered in Chinese as humorous as the original?⏹ 1. In a physics class⏹Professor: What is matter?⏹Student: Never mind.⏹Then what is mind?⏹It doesn’t matter.⏹ 2.⏹A: Why couldn’t Cinderella be a good soccer player?⏹B: She lost her shoe, she ran away from the ball, and her coach was a pumpkin.⏹More examples⏹ 1. ---Why time flies?⏹----Because somebody wants to kill it.⏹ 2. 7 days, without 7-Up, makes one weak (week).⏹ 3.Patient: Well, doctor, my nose runs and my feet smell.⏹Doctor: Hummm, that’s awkward. You’ve built upside-down.⏹More examples⏹ 5. English Learner: I’m sorry.⏹Foreigner: I’m sorry, too.⏹ E Learner: I’m sorry three.⏹Foreigner: But what are you sorry for?⏹ E Learner: I’m sorry five.6. Policeman: Your dog keeps chasing a man on a bicycle.Man: Nonsense, Officer. My dog can’t ride a bicycle.⏹More examples⏹What is the smallest bridge in the world?⏹What sentence is the longest in the world?⏹Which part of the clock is always old?⏹Why is Adam’s first day the longest?⏹What We Say Influences WhatWe Think, What We Feeland What We Believe⏹ 1.Relationship Between L&CWhen we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people. Take the word dog for example.From the above, we can infer that language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, world outlooks, etc. in a word, language expresses cultural reality.⏹Language is a part of culture. It is one of the features that distinguish man fromanimals. It is the key stone of culture.文化的冠石⏹Language is not a matter of neutral codes and grammatical rules. Each time we selectwords, form sentences, and send a message, either oral or written, we also make cultural choices. (see examples on p119)⏹Cultural Impacts⏹First, as a mirror of culture, language is strongly influenced and shaped by culture; itreflects the environment in which we live and cultural values.⏹For examples:⏹Language reflects the environments.1) The Eskimos have countless words for snow to distinguish among different types of snow. However, in Amazon area snow is not part of the environment, therefore, people in that region do not have a word for snow.2) Most Americans’ snow vocabul ary---snow, powder snow, sleet, slush, blizzard, and ice. p.1203) Germany---north part (beer), south part (wine) p.1204) There are more than four hundred words for camel in Arabic.5) Japanese ---fish6) Distinction between dew, fog and snow in English is not found in Koyas of India, one of the leading communities of Lakshadweep.A Koya distinguishes 7 different kinds of bamboo⏹Language reflects cultural values.1) Greek borrowing were mostly literary, technical and scientific words: drama, comedy, physics, lexicon, physics, criterion etc.2)The myth of “God” in Ancient Greek and Rome forms the important part of European culture (esp. in literature): Zeus, Apollo, Muse, Venus, Jupiter etc.3) Chinese:皇后、皇贵妃、妃、嫔、贵人等4) English:公爵(duke) 、伯爵(earl) 、子爵(viscount) 、男爵(baron)等。
大学思辨英语教程 精读1课件Unit 4 Language Learning

• Understand the effects of cultural differences on communication and language learning
Critical Thinking
Reading Skills
Learning Objectives
• Reading Skills
• Summarize the main idea of each paragraph • Identify topic sentences and key words • Identify supporting details
• At various times her house and yard have been filled with dogs, cats, birds, and rabbits. For thirteen years she had a cat named Taxi, and liked to go outside and call, "Taxi!" to make the neighbors wonder.
• Communicative Competence
• Illustrate your points with appropriate examples • Use topic sentences and supporting sentences to organize
your presentation/essay • Use euphemisms for possibly impolite expressions
Unit 4 language that matters汇总

to the same interviews, haven’t you? Hua Yun: Yes, but I haven’t got any job because my
English isn’t as good as his. Mr Zhao: What a shame!
Listening and Speaking
1. I’m outgoing and easygoing. 2. I like drawing. 3. I am good at history and geography. 4. My favourite sport is basketball. 5. I speak good putonghua. 6. I am a good organiser.
practise.
Mr. Smith: Great! Just let me know if you need my help.
Hong Mei: Thanks. I will.
Listening and speaking
1.Have you ever got any part-time jobs? 2. Do you think that English is important when you are hunting a job?
3 Answer the questions. 回答问题。
1. Where has Liu Dan got a part-time job?
学术英语Unit4

Unit FourTask 1The Dawn of The Age of Artificial IntelligenceReasons to cheer the rise of the machinesErik Brynjolfsson & Andrew Mcafee【1】The advances we’ve seen in the past few years– cars that drive themselves, useful humanoid robots, speech recognition and synthesis systems, 3D printers, Jeopardy!-champion computers—are not the crowning achievements of the computer era. They’re the warm-up acts. As we move deeper into the second machine age we’ll see more and mo re such wonders, and they’ll become more and more impressive.【2】How can we be so sure? Because the exponential, digital, and recombinant powers of the second machine age have made it possible for humanity to create two ofthe most important one-time events in our history: the emergence of real, useful artificial intelligence (AI) and the connection of most of the people on the planet via a common digital network.【3】Either of these advances alone would fundamentally change our growth prospects. When combin ed, they’re more important than anything since the Industrial Revolution, which forever transformed how physical work was done.Thinking Machines, Available now【4】Digital machines have escaped their narrow confines and started to demonstrate broad abilities in pattern recognition, complex communication, and other domains that used to be exclusively human. We’ve recently seen great progress in natural language processing, machine learning (the ability of a computer to automatically refine its methods and improve its results as it gets more data), computer vision, simultaneous localization and mapping, and many other areas.【5】We’re going to see artificial intelligence do more and more, and as this happens costs will go down, outcomes will improve, and our lives will get better. Soon countless pieces of AI will be working on our behalf, often in the background. They’ll help us in areas ranging from trivial to substantive to life changing. Trivial uses of AI include recognizing our friends’ faces in photos and recommending products. More substantive ones include automatically driving cars on the road, guiding robots in warehouses, and better matching jobs and job seekers. But these remarkable advances pale against the life-changing potential of artificial intelligence.【6】To take just one recent example, innovators at the Israeli company OrCam have combined a small but powerful computer, digital sensors, and excellent algorithms to give key aspects of sight to the visually impaired (a population numbering more than twenty million in the United States alone). A user of the OrCam system, which was introduced in 2013, clips onto her glasses a combination of a tiny digital camera and speaker that works by conducting sound waves through the bones of the head. If she points her finger at a source of text such as a billboard, package of food, or newspaper article, the computer immediately analyzes the images the camera sends to it, then reads the text to her via the speaker.【7】Reading text ‘in the wild’– in a variety of fonts, sizes, surfaces, and lighting conditions—has historically been yet another area where humans outpaced even the most advanced hardware and software. OrCam and similar innovations show that this is no longer the case, and that here again technology is racing ahead. As it does, it willhelp millions of people lead fuller lives. The OrCam costs about $2,500 – the price of a good hearing aid – and is certain to become cheaper over time.【8】Digital technologies are also restoring hearing to the deaf via cochlear implants and will probably bring sight back to the fully blind; the FDA recently approved a first-generation retinal implant. AI’s benefits extend even to quadriplegics, since wheelchairs can now be controlled by thoughts. Considered objectively, these advances are something close to miracles –and they’re still in their infancy.Billions of Innovators, Coming Soon【9】In addition to powerful and useful AI, the other recent development that promises to further accelerate the second machine age is the digital interconnection of the planet’s people. There is no better resource for improving the world and bettering the state of humanity than the world’s humans– all 7.1 billion of us. Our good ideas and innovations will address the challenges that arise, improve the quality of our lives, allow us to live more lightly on the planet, and help us take better care of one another. It is a remarkable and unmistakable fact that, with the exception of climate change, virtually all environmental, social, and individual indicators of health have improved over time, even as human population has increased.【10】This improvement is not a lucky coincidence; it is cause and effect. Things have gotten better because there are more people, who in total have more good ideas that improve our overall lot. The economist Julian Simon was one of the first to make this optimistic argument, and he advanced it repeatedly and forcefully throughout his career. He wrote, “It is your mind that matters economically, as much or more than your mouth or hands. In the long run, the most important economic effect of population size and growth is the contribution of additional people to our stock of useful knowledge. And this contribution is large enough in the long run to overcome all the cos ts of population growth.”【11】We do have one quibble with Simon, however. He wrote that, “The main fuel to speed the world’s progress is our stock of knowledge, and the brake is our lack of imagination.” We agree about the fuel but disagree about the brake. The main impediment to progress has been that, until quite recently, a sizable portion of the world’s people had no effective way to access the world’s stock of knowledge or to add to it.【12】In the industrialized West we have long been accustomed to having libraries, telephones, and computers at our disposal, but these have been unimaginableluxuries to the people of the developing world. That situation is rapidly changing. In 2000, for example, there were approximately seven hundred million mobile phone subscriptions in the world, fewer than 30 percent of which were in developing countries.【13】By 2012 there were more than six billion subscriptions, over 75 percent of which were in the developing world. The World Bank estimates that three-quarters of the people on the planet now have access to a mobile phone, and that in some countries mobile telephony is more widespread than electricity or clean water.【14】The first mobile phones bought and sold in the developing world were capable of little more than voice calls and text messages, yet even these simple devices could make a significant difference. Between 1997 and 2001 the economist Robert Jensen studied a set of coastal villages in Kerala, India, where fishing was the main industry.10 Jensen gathered data both before and after mobile phone service was introduced, and the changes he documented are remarkable. Fish prices stabilized immediately after phones were introduced, and even though these prices dropped on average, fishermen’s profits actually increa sed because they were able to eliminate the waste that occurred when they took their fish to markets that already had enough supply for the day. The overall economic well-being of both buyers and sellers improved, and Jensen was able to tie these gains directly to the phones themselves.【15】Now, of course, even the most basic phones sold in the developing world are more powerful than the ones used by Kerala’s fisherman over a decade ago. And cheap mobile devices keep improving. Technology analysis firm IDC forecasts that smartphones will outsell feature phones in the near future, and will make up about two-thirds of all sales by 2017.【16】This shift is due to continued simultaneous performance improvements and cost declines in both mobile phone devices and networks, and it has an important consequence: it will bring billions of people into the community of potential knowledge creators, problem solvers, and innovators.‘Infinite Computing’ and Beyond【17】Today, people with connected smartphones or tablets anywhere in the world have access to many (if not most) of the same communication resources and information that we do while sitting in our offices at MIT. They can search the Web and browse Wikipedia. They can follow online courses, some of them taught by the best in the academic world. They can share their insights on blogs, Facebook, Twitter,and many other services, most of which are free. They can even conduct sophisticated data analyses using cloud resources such as Amazon Web Services and R, an open source application for statistics.13 In short, they can be full contributors in the work of innovation and knowledge creation, taking advantage of what Autodesk CEO Carl Bass calls “infinite computing.”【18】Until quite recently rapid communication, information acquisition, and knowledge sharing, especially over long distances, were essentially limited to the planet’s elite. Now they’re much more democratic and egalitarian, and getting more so all the time. The journalist A. J. Liebling famously remarked that, “Freedom of the press is limited to those who own one.” It is no exaggeration to say that billions of people will soon have a printing press, reference library, school, and computer all at their fingertips.【19】We believe that this development will boost h uman progress. We can’t predict exactly what new insights, products, and solutions will arrive in the coming years, but we are fully confident that they’ll be impressive. The second machine age will be characterized by countless instances of machine intelligence and billions of interconnected brains working together to better understand and improve our world. It will make mockery out of all that came before.Notes1.Erik Bynjolfsson: He is an American academic and Schussel Family Professor ofManagement at the MIT Sloan School of Management, the Director of the MIT Center for Digital Business and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, known for his contributions to the world of IT Productivity research and work on the economics of information more generally.2.Andrew Mcafee:He is the associate director of the Center for Digital Business atthe MIT Sloan School of Management, studying the ways information technology (IT) affects businesses and business as a whole. His research investigates how IT changes the way companies perform, organize themselves, and compete, and at a higher level, how computerization affects competition, society, the economy, and the workforce. He was previously a professor at Harvard Business School and a fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society. He is the author of Enterprise 2.0, published in November 2009 by Harvard Business School Press, and co-author of Race Against the Machine with Erik Brynjolfsson. In 2014, thiswork was expanded into the book The Second Machine Age. He writes for publications including Harvard Business Review, The Economist, Forbes, The Wall St. Journal, and The New York Times. He speaks frequently to both academic and industry audiences, most notably at TED 2013 and on the The Charlie Rose Show.3.Julian Simon: 朱利安·西蒙,美国伊利诺斯大学的经济学和工商管理教授。
+Unit4期末复习背诵讲义 牛津译林版九年级英语上册

9A Unit4期末复习背诵讲义一、四会单词1. 时期,时代time2. 无论何时whenever3.以,凭借through4. 很多deal5. 得分score6. 领导者leader7. 命名name8. 大学university9. 仅仅,简直simply 10. 国家的national11. 成功succeed12. 尽管,虽然although 13. 迫使force 14. 逗留,保持不变remain 15. 记录record16. 成绩,成就achievement 17.要紧,有影响matter 18. 对抗,违反against 19. 记录record 20. 胜利victory21. 精神,灵魂spirit 22.德国(人)的German 23.想法,注意thought 24.勇气courage25.不寻常的unusual 26.惊奇,诧异surprise 27. 研究,调查research二、英文释义1. stand: a place where people stand or sit to watch sports.2. national: of a whole country3. succeed: achieve something that you have been trying to do.4. matter: be important5. scholarship: money given to somebody so that he or she can continue study6. university:college7. prove: use facts to show that something is true.8. remain: stay, keep9. victory: success in a game or a war, etc.10. thought: idea or sth that you think of or remember11. research:a careful study of a subject, especially in order to discover new facts or information about it.12. unusual: different from what is usual or normal.13. whenever: no matter when, every time.三、词形变化1. simple(adj.)--- simply(adv.)仅仅,简直2. national(n.) --- national(adj.)3. success(n.)--- succeed(v.) successful(adj.) successfully(adv.)4. achieve (v.)--- achievement(n.)5. think(v.) --- thought(cn.)6. courage (un.)--- encourage(v.)7. usual(adj.)--- unusual(反义词)---usually8. surprise(n./v.)--- surprised(adj 吃惊的) surprising(adj. 令人吃惊的)to one’s surprise让某人感到惊讶的是(un.)What a big surprise!真是个大惊喜!(cn) 9. die(v.)--- dead(adj.死的) dying(adj.垂死的)death (n.死亡)10. lead(v.)---led---led---leader(n.)11. German(德国人)---Germans---Germany(德国) 12. survive----survivor(幸存者)13. university- universities14. break-broke-broken15. try-tried-tried-trying16. catch-caught-caught17. wake-woke-woken18. graduate-graduation19. grow-grew-grown-growth三、重要短语、句子和语法1. on one's mind挂在心上;惦念change one's mind 改变某人的想法keep sth in mind记住make up one's mind to do sth 下定决心做某事mind doing sth 介意做某事mind one S/sb doing sth 介意某人做某事Don't let it weigh on your mind. 不要(把这件事)压在心上。
高一英语 单元单词短语句型知识梳理 Unit4 大纲人教版第一册

Unit 4要点诠释单词1.appoint vt.挑选某人做某工作,委任;约定讲:结构:appoint sb.任命某人appoint sb.as/to be...任命某人担任appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事例:The president appointed a new director.总经理任命了一位新主任。
We appointed him(as.to be)chairman.我们选他担任主席。
The teacher appointed me to call the roll.老师指派我点名。
The time appointed for the meeting was 10:30.规定的开会时间是10点30分。
链接·提示appointed adj. 指定的,约定的 at the appointed time在约定的时间;appointment n. 约定,约会 make an appointment with sb.to do sth. 和某人约定做某事;disappoint vt.使……失望;disappointment n.失望to ones disappointment令某人失望的事练:An American may feel angry when he has made a(an)________with someone and then finds a lot of other things happening at the same time.A.decisionB.conclusionC.appointmentD.date提示:本句话的意思为“美国人在和别人已经约定好的时候又发现同时还有其他事情会很生气〞,根据短语搭配和语境得出答案。
答案:C2.nowhere adv. 无处(相当于not anywhere)例:—Where are you going at the weekend?周末你打算去哪儿?—Nowhere special.无处可去。
高中英语 Unit4《Pygmalion》-Reading

Eliza
Low class
Professor Higgins
Upper class
Colonel Pickering
Fast reading
when 11:15,PM in 1914 where who London, England
Eliza, Professor Higgins, Colonel Pickering fateful meetings
• 中文名:萧伯纳 • 英文名: George Bernard Shaw • 别名:乔治· 伯纳· 萧 • 性别:男 • 国籍:英国 • 出生年月:1856年7月26日 去世年月:1950年11月2日 • 职业:文学评论家 剧作家 • 重要事件:1925年获诺贝尔 文学奖。 代表作品:《华伦夫人的职 业》 、《卖花女》
Skimming
1 2 3
What are the main characters of this act?
What do they do respec -tively?
What are they doing at the beginning of the play?
Tip: Some information is included in the stage directions, like the character, time, place, weather, lighting, etc.
people tend to behave as you expect they will. If you expect a person to take responsibility, they probably will. If you expect them not to even try, they probably won’t.
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加深记忆。
激发外语学习兴趣。
明确并交流自己在英语学习中存在的问题。
掌握单词。
学习关键句。
训练听力。
20’
听说练习
教师提问:
Have you ever got any part-time jobs?
And do you think that English is important when you are hunting a job?
B:两名同学作为搭档在座位大致背诵原对话。
C:两名同学作为搭档朗读原对话。
学生一起跟读单词。
横排或竖排的学生逐个起立读单词,能迅速记忆拼写的要求完成单词拼读。
做笔记,掌握单词。
学生完成习题。
三、四名学生回答出自己的答案,其他同学检查自己的习题正误。
朗读对话。
一个小组的一名代表同学陈述讨论后的结果,其他组做补充。
你知道我寒假去北京旅游了吗?
你知道李明成为一家公司的
经理了吗?
B. … has got a part-time job at …
丽丽在一家餐馆做兼职。
李磊在一家公司做兼职。
C. He’s working as a … there.
她在那里作服务员。
他在那里作秘书。
D. …is/ isn’t as good as ….
1)播放Listening and Speaking部分②中录音第一遍。
回答教师提问。
观看一小段面试时关于能力方面的视频(着重是英语能力方面)。
朗读单词并做笔记。
利用所学六个词语做句子英汉互译,并背诵好的例句。
对照课本上的对话听录音。
对将要学习的听说部分内容加以预测。
让学生熟悉面试时对能力的要求。
掌握单词和对话中相关例句。
C.根据学生情况播放Warming up部分③中听力一或二遍。
D.检查提问听力答案。
看图、听录音并回答教师提问。
跟读单词。
做书上的连线题。
扩展环节:
学生说出自己知道的其它语种中的语句。
小组成员间问答。
被提问的个别学生回答。
朗读并做笔记。
朗读并翻译三个句子。
听录音并做答三道小题。
了解语言发声特点及国家服饰文化。
学生情况分析
经过几年的英语学习,作为中职学校一年级第二学期的学生已经对英语学习这一主题比较熟悉。学生具备一定的英文功底,对英文的重要性和运用有一定的认识。但是对本单元中的英语在应聘工作中的重要性,以及中国菜名的英文翻译和英文学习方法等内容,学生可能还比较陌生。本单元内容丰富、有趣,在教师的引导下,相信学生会很感兴趣。班级不同学生的英语层次会有较大的差异,因此将学生分成A、B、C这三个层次,依次为优秀、一般、后进。在教学的一些环节和活动安排上实行分层次教学,将有利于学生在自身基础上学有所得。
4) Listening and Speaking部分中④里的填空练习。
A.教师利用拼读法讲解四个单词:opportunity, position, spend, understand.
B.每个单词领读两遍并举例讲解:
The Games let us have this opportunity.
Is there anything I could do now to help me prepare for the position?
First let’s watch a video about an interview.
活动:教师播放一个关于面试时询问能力的短片。
Pre-listening:
学习Listening and Speaking部分①中的新单词:学生读出会的单词,教师纠正发音,重点讲授学生不会的单词或短语。如:assistant, interview, shame …
活动:教师找出Listening and Speaking部分②中与所学词语相关的例句。学生翻译并背诵好的例句,或教师给出其它中文例句,学生翻译成英文。
While-listening:
We’ll listen to something about finding a part-time job,please listen to it carefully.
2)回答问题:学生读问题并参与到小组问答。
活动:将学生分成四人的小组,让小组成员间做Warming up部分②中的两个问题的问答。在小组活动完后,教师提问几名学生。
3)听录音后回答问题:
A.解释并领读Warming up部分③中的单词和短语:make use of, aloud, foreign。
B.领读并解释Warming up部分③中的三句key sentences.
5)教师将学生分成四人一个小
组。要求学生在小组范围内讨论Listening and Speaking部分中⑤里的问题。
活动1:经过小组讨论将提出的应聘导游的有利条件总结,选出小组代表公布该组的答案,其他小组做补充。
活动2:根据授课班级专业的不同,让学生根据自己所学专业就业方向来讨论。例如教师提问:
What kind of qualification will be helpful to get the job of an accountant?
二、分课时教学设计
第1课时
教学
目标
知识目标:掌握与应聘相关的单词、句型。
技能目标:1.能够根据所提供的信息,谈论自己英语学习中遇到的问题。
2.能够听懂并说出与应聘相关的词语和语句。
情感目标:激发学生学习外语的兴趣。
教学
重点
1.明确本单元的学习任务。
2.掌握一些交际用语,并能够进行简单的对话:
You do work hard.
Just let me know if you need my help.
Do you know that …?
3.掌握英语学习重要性和有关面试的单词和短语。
教学
难点
听懂听力材料,并准确回答相关问题的答案。
教学
方法
交际法、合作学习法、三位一体教学法
学习
方法
交流法、听读法、翻译法
教学
媒体
多媒体教学光盘、一段关于面试的视频、一些英语、日语、韩语、俄语等的录音片段
学生独立思考后,将自己的想法与全班同学进行分享。
训练听力,了解对话的大意。
课时划分
本单元按6课时设计,每节课40分钟。每2课时为一次连堂课,共三次。如果每次只上一个课时,则酌情修改教学环节和步骤。第1、2课时教授Warming up和listening and Speaking,并领读单词表中的单词。使学生对本单元的主题有所了解并产生浓厚的兴趣,同时掌握基本的词汇和短语;第3、4课时教授Reading and Writing, Grammar, Language in Use,和Skill Practice各部分。着重于词汇、对话和语法的训练;第5、6课时教授Pronunciation Exercise, Around the World和For Better Performance部分。Around the World内容简单,可以作为快速阅读的材料,而For Better Performance的文章可以作为精读材料并完成相关练习。
Ⅰ. Key sentences
You do work hard.
Just let me know if you need my help.
Do you know that …?
Ⅱ. Words and expressions
part-time
sales assistant
not yet
work experience
What language does he/she speak?
B.点击PPT上四个单词(Russian, English, Japanese, Korean)的发音,让学生跟读。
C.要求学生自己完成单词和图片的连线。
活动:让学生说出自己知道的非英语和汉语的其他语种的句子。
教师提问:
Can you say anything in Russian/Japanese/ Korean/ …?
interview
what a shame
make use of
aloud
foreign
第2课时
教学
目标
知识目标:1.掌握有关面试的单词和短语。
2.掌握对话中的句型并能熟练运用。
Do you know that …?
… has got a part-time job at …
He’s working as a … there.
带着问题合上课本再次听录音,并在纸上记录关键点。
根据听力回答问题。
全班同学在电脑播放完每句话后大声跟读。
学生就重要句型做笔记。
替换练习:运用句型造句。学生根据教师给出的中文句子,使用句型翻译成对应的英语句子。
学生根据自己的层次情况与搭档合作完成相应的任务。
学生分层次展示:
A:两名同学作为搭档在全班表演编的新对话。
… is/ isn’t as good as … .
3.熟悉单词表中Unit 4的所有单词发音。
技能目标:1.不同层次的学生能够完成对话部分自己的相应目标。
2.学生能简单说出有利于不同工作的个人素养。
情感目标:使学生了解英语学习在将来就业的重要性,鼓励其学好英语。
教学
重点
1.单词和句型的掌握。
2.对话部分的分层次教学。
熟悉听力材料。
教学反思
本节课中给学生播放了英语在各方面的应用的短片,使学生体会到英语学习的重要性。对比传统的说教,效果更好。热身环节中让学生说出自己会的除英语外其他语言的句子,调动了学生学习的热情。热身环节中的听力没有作为精听来设计,时间分配的不多,基础不好的学生在理解上会出现问题。