英语四级阅读理解专项练习题(24)
大学英语四级阅读练习带答案
大学英语四级阅读练习带答案大学英语四级阅读练习带答案The decline in moral standardswhich has long concerned social analystshas at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad.The fact the ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nations moral climate, says this ethics (伦理学) professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it.But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. The thought that Im in it for me has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness, Ms. Elshtain says.Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With todays greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self.In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U.S. and Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that: Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers.The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some nonexistent golden age, Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一厢情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice.Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society, she says. Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that cant be bought.36. Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans ________.(A) have adapted to a new set of moral standards(B) are longing for the return of the good old days(C) have realized the importance of material things(D) are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards37. The moral decline of American society is caused manly by ________.(A) its growing wealth(B) the self-centeredness of individuals(C) underestimating the impact of social changes(D) the prejudice against women and minorities38. Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities(A) Great mobility.(B) Concern for ones neighbors.(C) Emphasis on individual effort.(D) Ever-weakening social bonds.39. In the 1950s, classroom violence ________.(A) was something unheard of(B) was by no means a rare occurrence(C) attracted a lot of pubic attention(D) began to appear in analysts data40. According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed ________.(A) if people can return to the golden age(B) when women and mean enjoy equal rights(C) when people rid themselves of prejudice(D) if less emphasis is laid on material things36. D 37. B 38. B 39.A 40. DIn the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like serious illness of a family member were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stressitonly shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Womens magazines ran headlines like Stress causes illness! If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, manylike the death of a loved oneare impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes were all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.21. The result of Holmes-Rahes medical research tells us ________.(A) the way you handle major events may cause stress(B) what should be done to avoid stress(C) what kind of event would cause stress(D) how to cope with sudden changes in life22. The studies on stress in the early 1970s led to ________.(A) widespread concern over its harmful effects(B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause(C) an intensive research into stress-related illnesses(D) popular avoidance of stressful jobs23. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.(A) how much pressure you are under(B) how positive events can change your life(C) how stressful a major event can be(D) how you can deal with life-changing events24. Why is such simplistic advice (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow(A) No one can stay on the same job for long.(B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.(C) People have to get married someday.(D) You could be missing opportunities as well.25. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ____.(A) nervous when faced with difficulties(B) physically and mentally strained(C) more capable of coping with adversity(D) indifferent toward what happens to them21. C 22. A 23. A 24.D 25.C。
202312月英语四级阅读理解原题
xxx英语四级阅读理解原题第一部分：阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Passage 1The Duke of Edinburgh’s AwardThe Duke of Edinburgh’s Award (DofE) is a programme of activities to 本人d the development of young people. It is offered at three levels: Bronze, Silver and Gold. All levels are open to those aged 14 to 24, and are achieved bypleting a personal programme of activities in four sections: Volunteering, Physical, Skills, Expedition and for Gold, a residential project. The awards are achieved through participation in these sections over a cert本人n period.The charity has achieved great success since its creation in the 1950s. It has developed into a well-known youth achievement award system. Over 275,000 young people in the UK take part in the DofE programme every year, with thousands more around the world.BronzeThe minimum period of participation is six months for Silver and Gold, but for the Bronze, it is three months. Participants must undertake a further three months in one of the Volunteering, Physical or Skills sections. It is also possible to accredit current and previous achievements provided the participant can show personal improvement in the chosen activity.SilverThe following minimum periods of participation are two days and one night away from home for Silver and three days and two nights away for Gold for each of the assessed expeditions. At Gold, participants must undertake a further six months in either the Volunteering or the Physical or Skills sections.1. What is the Duke of Edinburgh's Award?A. A charity helping young people achieve personal growthB. A programme focused solely on physical activitiesC. Apetition for youth aged 14 to 24D. An award solely for those who are good at sports2. How many levels are there in the Duke of Edinburgh's Award programme?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 63. How long is the minimum period of participation for the Bronze level?A. 2 monthsB. 3 monthsC. 6 monthsD. 9 months4. What is required during the assessed expeditions at Silver level?A. Two days and one night away from homeB. Two days and two nights away from homeC. Three days and one night away from homeD. Three days and two nights away from home5. How many young people take part in the DofE programme in the UK every year?A. 100,000B. 200,000C. 275,000D. 300,000Passage 2The Origins of ChocolateThe origins of chocolate can be traced back to the ancient Mayan and Aztec civilizations in Central and South America over 3,000 years ago. The cocoa bean, the basic ingredient of chocolate, was first described in its natural habitat by Christopher Columbus in 1502.The berries found on the cocoa tree were used to make a spicydrink by the Mayans, who worshipped the cacao tree and called chocolate 'the food of the gods'. Cocoa was a sacred symbol, and the beans were used as currency during the Aztec empire. In the 16th century, Spanish explorers took the cocoa bean to Europe.Chocolate made its first appearance in the form of a drink. It was made by mixing ground cocoa beans with water and adding spices like chili, vanilla, allspice, and anise. When it reached Sp本人n, sugar was added to the drink, making it much sweeter. The drink quickly became popular throughout Europe.It wasn’t until the 19th century with the invention of the cocoa press, that chocolate was first produced in solid form. The press removes the cocoa butter from the bean, leaving cocoa powder which is mixed with cocoa butter and sugar to produce chocolate.Today, chocolate is av本人lable in a variety of forms and flavors across the world. The modern chocolate industry in the US alone has an annual revenue of over $20 billion.6. When did Christopher Columbus first describe the cocoa bean in its natural habitat?A. Over 3,000 years agoB. 1502C. The 16th centuryD. The 19th century7. What did the Mayans call chocolate?A. The drink of the godsB. The food of the godsC. The symbol of godsD. The currency of the gods8. How was the original chocolate drink sweetened in Europe?A. VanillaB. SugarC. AniseD. Allspice9. What was invented in the 19th century that allowed the production of solid chocolate?A. The cocoa treeB. The chocolate drinkC. The cocoa pressD. The modern chocolate industry10. What is the annual revenue of the modern chocolate industry in the US?A. Over $20 millionB. Over $20 billionC. Over $30 billionD. Over $40 billion文章结构1. 介绍DofE计划及其发展2. 介绍DofE的3个等级和各等级的要求3. 发展历程和成就4. 介绍巧克力的起源和发展5. 总结现代巧克力工业以上是高质量、流畅易读、结构合理的文章大纲，可根据大纲逐段完善，以满足3000字以上的要求。
英语四级考试练习题及答案(答案) (6)
英语四级考试练习题及答案（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. The research team decided to use an underwater ______ saw to cut the ship into sections before lifting it up.A. electricB. electricalC. electrifyingD. electrician2. A well-meaning lady gave Robert a wrong _____ and he finished at the theatre instead of the school.A. adviceB. informationC. directionD. way3. If you keep getting wrong numbers, your phone could be _____.A. deceptiveB. defectiveC. deficientD. ineffective4. Researchers claim it’s all the high-rises in this area that make the _____ on television sets so poor.A. stationB. reactionC. programmeD. quality5. Mr. Johnson is ______ to our party.A. more than pleased to comeB. pleased more than to comeC. more pleased than to comeD. more pleasing than to come6. Ms Simms is very sensitive ______ criticism.A. ofB. inD. on7. It is an exception ________ the rules.A. ofB. inC. againstD. to8. She solved the problem _________a stroke.A. onB. ofC. atD. through9. Death always taken us _________ surprise, even though we know it is inevitable.A. inB. out ofC. byD. through10. The lady insists on her constitutional right _______ a passport in her maiden name.A. onB. toD. that11. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _______ the behavior of a animal depends mainly on instinct.A. whereasB. soC. unlessD. that12. Wood furniture does not depreciate in value _______ properly handled and protected.A. ifB. hasC. andD. that13. I am determined that my son ______ have a better start than I did.A. canB. shallC. mustD. will14. You ________ drive fast, there is a speed limit here. Moreover, we have plenty of time, so you ______ drive so fast.A. mustn't, needn'tB. needn't, needn'tC. mustn't, mustn'tD. needn't, mustn't15. You _______ worry about her. She ______ well already.A. needn't, may getB. don't need, may getC. mustn't, getsD. needn't, may have gets16. Though the hotel has only been open for a few days, it is already ____A____ booked.A. heavilyB. expectantlyC. immediatelyD. quickly17. Such euphemisms may be stylistically “permissible” if they are kept within__D___.A. boundariesB. rangesC. bordersD. limits18. “Anyone who followed my __A_____ of rules would be blossed with a richer life and boundless love from his family.” David said.A. setB. packetC. groupD. pack19. Richard asked me to ___C__ the age of Aaron Copland, the American composer of ballet music, when he composed Billy the Kid?A. supposeB. wonderC. guessD. think20. The rising numbers of those out of work will add greatly to the government’s_B___problems.A. highB. steeplyC. hardD. rocket二、完型填空（共计20分）Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星) but also because of rays from thesun and other stars.The atmosphere again acts 1 our protective blanket on 2 .Light gets through, and thisis essential 3 plants to make the food which we 4 .Heat, 5 , makes our environments tolerable and some ultraviolet rays(紫外线的) penetrate the 6 .Cosmic(宇宙的) rays of various kinds come 7 the air fromouter space, but 8 quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. 9 men leave theatmosphere theyare 10 to this radiation; 11 their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, 12 prevent alot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in 13 .Doses of radiation are measured in 14 called“rems (雷目)”.We all 15 radiation here on earth from the sun, from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals.The“ 16 ”dose of radiation that we receive each year is about twomillirems; it 17 according toswheresyou live, and this is a very rough estimate.Scientists have reason tothink 18 a man can 19 far more radiation 20 without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has beenagreeD.1.A.for B. with C.on D.as2.A.stars B. sun C.earth D.space3.A.with B. from C.under D.fore B. live C.eat D.get5.A.again B. also C.besides D.too6.A.environment B. space C.atmosphere D.earth7.A.across B. to C.from D.through8.A.valid B. enormous C.various D.proper9.A.As soon as B. As well as C.As much as D.As possible as10.A.shown B. exposed C.faced D.covered11.A.but B. because C.so D.so that12.A.get B. make C.have D.do13.A.earth B. atmosphere C.space D.environment14.A.pieces B. units C.parts D.elements15.A.receive B. accept C.bring D.catch16.A.conventional B. common C.general D.normal17.A.shifts B. converts C.modifies D.varies18.A.what B. which C.that D.why19.A.put up with B. keep up with e up with D.catch up with20.A.from B. than C.as D.away三、阅读理解：(共25分)Years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of.But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville,England in 1984 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann,the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann,who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Gernamy,had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London.His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.In the first games just tow teams of injured soldiers took part.The next year,1949,five teams took part.From those beginnings,things have developed fast.Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year.In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome,in the same place as the normal Olympic Games,although they are organizedseparately.In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville.In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games,1064 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part.Unfortunately,they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles,along with the other Olympics. The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendshiop and understanding,and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sport.One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games,however,has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at the Olympic Games for the able-bodied.Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athlets should not be excluded.1.The first games for the desabled were held _____ after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England.A.40 yearsB.21 yearsC.10 yearsD.9 years2.Besides Stoke Mandeville,surely the games for the disabled were once held in _____.A.New YorkB.LondonC.RomeD.Los Angeles3.In Paragraph 3,the word "athletes" means _____.A.people who support the gamesB.people who watch the gamesC.people who organize the gamesD.people who compete in the games4.Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled.B.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier.C.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany.D.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is welcomed by the British government.5.From the ,we may conclude that the writer is _____.A.one of the organizers of the games for the disabledB.a disabled person who once took part in the gamesC.against holding the games for the disabledD.in favour of holding the games for the disabled四、书面表达：请起草一份中学学校通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期： 3月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇
大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇大学英语四级考试阅读理解练习20篇When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant change—at times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living growing organism, it has never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many. 『At one extreme it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans.』①At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty.As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the formsof words. Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, however, have survived. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall seelater when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also. 『The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy andre-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.』②1.In contrast to the earlier linguists, modern linguists tend to .A. attempt to continue the standardization of the languageB. evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patternsC. be more concerned about the improvement of the language than its analysis or historyD. be more aware of the rules of the language usage 2.Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection” used in line 4 of paragraph 2.A. Changes in the forms of words.B. Changes in sentence structures.C. Changes in spelling rules.D. Words that have similar meanings.3.Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage? A. It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.B. Some other languages had great influence on the English language at some stages of its development.C. The English language has been and still in a state of relatively constant change.D. Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language.4. The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an) .A. historianB. philosopherC. anthropologistD. linguist5.Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage? A. The history of the English language.B. Our changing attitude towards the English language.C. Our changing language.D. Some characteristics of modern English.Vocabulary1. span n. 跨度，范围，一段时间，期间。
大学英语四级练习卷+答案解析 (5)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. The Martian surface temperature is a 100 degrees C below zero at night, so that butter put outside will not ________.A. thawB. dissolveC. meltD. fuse2. Whose _______ was it to pay a visit to Lake Erie?A. dreamB. purposeC. thoughtD. idea3. There is a _____ of vegetables in Shanghai at the moment because of the cold weather.A. shortageB. wantC. needD. desire4. Mary really couldn’t stand the music by Richard Wagner, _____ David couldn’t hear enough of it.A. becauseB. whereasC. althoughD. when5. The scientists realized it would be too ________ to lift the ship in one piece because it was fragile.A. boldB. doingC. riskyD. dangerous6. Don’t leave your brand-raw sweater and pajamas on the floor; please hang them on the _______ behind the door.A. rodB. poleC. hookD. log7. Christopher couldn’t tell us the name of the monster he read about in the newspaper although it was on the _____ of his tongue.A. tipB. endC. slipD. back8. It is ________ whether Sam will come to attend his best friend’sfuneral as he has taken the town’s money and made off with it.A. unlikelyB. doubtfulC. improbableD. unexpected9. To attend the grand dinner party, the French cabinet minister had a new suit made to _________.A. OrderB. directionC. instructionD. command10. When Jim was tidying up his drawer, he ____ his mother’s prize possession the tri-coloured glazed miniature terra-cotta warrior.A. came roundB. came acrossC. came overD. came into11. When the crowd saw the prize-fighter stretched out on the canvas, shouts and cheers _______ from it.A. broke upB. broke forthC. broke throughD. break upon12. This detective story might not be _______ interesting to keep the child awake.A. enoughB. adequatelyC. amplyD. sufficiently13. The two pieces of fried steak Mr King had for dinner gave him _____.A. an upset stomachB. a headacheC. a sore throatD. an infection14. If reading is to accomplish anything more than _______ time, it must be active.A. wastingB. spendingC. passingD. idling15. The _____ from the airport was really tiring because it was situated for from the city.A. flightB. travelC. crossingD. journey16. _____ the Washington Monument and the Capitol, Washington D. C. would be a completely horizontal city.A. It were not forB. For it were notC. Were it not forD. weren't it for17. ______, I'll marry him all the time.A. Being he rich or poorB. Was he rich or poorC. Be he rich or poorD. Whether rich or poor18. A sneeze cannot be performed voluntarily, _____ be easily suppressed.A. nor cat itB. and cannot itC. nor it canD. it cannot19. Few of the gold seekers who flocked to California were experienced miners______ that they had to be.A. but neither did they feelB. neither did they feelC. and so did they feelD. and they felt too20. _____, their help, we would not have succeeded.A. Hadn't been forB. Had not it been forC. Had it not been forD. It hadn't been for二、完型填空（共计20分）Today the car is the most popular sort of transportation in all of the United States. It has completely 1 thehorse as a 2 of everyday transportation. Americans use their car for 3 90% of all 4 business. MostAmericans are able to 5 cars. The average price of a 6 made car was ,050 in 1950, ,470 in 1960 and upto ,750 7 1975.During this period American car manufacturers set about 8 their products and workefficiency.As a result, the yearly income of the 9 family increased from 1950 to 1975 10 than the priceof cars. For this reason 11 a new car takes a smaller 12 of a family’s total earnings today. In 1951 13 it took 8.1 months of an average family’s 14 to buy a new car. In 1962 a new car 15 8.3 of a family’sannual earnings, by 1975 it only took 4.75 16 income. In addition, the 1975 cars were technically 17 tomodels from previous years. The 18 of automobile extends throughout the economy 19 the car is soimportant to American. Americans spend more money 20 keeping their cars running than on any otheritem.1.A.denied B.reproduced C. replaced D. ridiculed2.A.means B.mean C. types D. kinds3.A.hardly B.nearly C. certainly D. somehow4.A.personal B.personnel C. manual D. artificial5.A.buy B.sell C. race D. see6.A.quickly B.regularly C. rapidly D. recently7.A.on B. in C.before D.after8.A.raising B. making C.reducing D.improving9.A.unusual B. smallest C.average D.biggest10.A.slower B. equal C.faster D.less11.A.bringing B. obtain C.bought D.purchasing12.A.part B. half C.number D.quality13.A.clearly B. proportionally C.percentage D.suddenly14.A.income B. work C.plans D.debtsed B. spent C.cost D.needed16.A.month’s B. year’s C.family D.year17.A.famous B. superior C.fastest D.better18.A.running B. notice C.influence D.affect19.A.then B. as C.so D.which20.A.to B. in C.of D.for三、阅读理解：(共25分)Years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of.But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville,England in 1984 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann,the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann,who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Gernamy,had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London.His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.In the first games just tow teams of injured soldiers took part.The next year,1949,five teams took part.From those beginnings,things have developed fast.Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year.In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome,in the same place as the normal Olympic Games,although they are organized separately.In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at StokeMandeville.In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games,1064 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part.Unfortunately,they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles,along with the other Olympics. The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendshiop and understanding,and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sport.One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games,however,has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at the Olympic Games for the able-bodied.Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athlets should not be excluded.1.The first games for the desabled were held _____ after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England.A.40 yearsB.21 yearsC.10 yearsD.9 years2.Besides Stoke Mandeville,surely the games for the disabled were once held in _____.A.New YorkB.LondonC.RomeD.Los Angeles3.In Paragraph 3,the word "athletes" means _____.A.people who support the gamesB.people who watch the gamesC.people who organize the gamesD.people who compete in the games4.Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled.B.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier.C.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany.D.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is welcomed by the British government.5.From the ,we may conclude that the writer is _____.A.one of the organizers of the games for the disabledB.a disabled person who once took part in the gamesC.against holding the games for the disabledD.in favour of holding the games for the disabled四、书面表达：请起草一份中学学校通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期： 3月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
大学英语四级练习卷及答案解析 (3)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. After I heard that I took a deferred pass in botany, I was in a _____ emotional state.A. highlyB. doubtfullyC. greatlyD. nervously2. Since I could not see anything through the microscope, _______ my carefuladjustment, I gave up.A. for allB. above allC. after allD. in all3. When the Victorians had family reunions, the hosts went ______ their way to entertain the guests.A. in forB. overC. out ofD. back on4. He is such _______ selfish man that he hasn't ______ least concernfor others.A. /, theB. a, /C. a, theD. the, a5. Towards ______ evening ______ cold rain began to fall.A. the, aB. /, theC. /, aD. the, /6. My journey to Croydon proved to be a miserable one as the rain did not _____.A. dear upB. got offC. let upD. slow down7. The ordinary Zulu fighters were not _______ to Shala’s plan of throwing away their sandals.A. opposedB. objectedC. opposingD. conflicting8. Shakespeare’s ploy “The Taming of the Shrew” is on _______ 3 tonight.A. wavelengthB. postC. bandD. channel9. The tourists ________ through the fog, trying to read what was engraved on the gravestone Shakespeare had chosen for hiself.A. glancedB. glimpedC. peeredD. peeped10. After visiting the Holy Trinity Church, the boys _______ leaving so long that they almost missed the last train to London.A. put offB. delayedC. stoppedD. halted11. When our university laboratory bought this microscope we were givena one year’s _______.A. reservationB. securityC. proofD. guarantee12. Don’t _____ about lunch for the instructors, because they promised to get some on the way.A. brotherB. fussC. troubleD. think13. The football player had studied economics in the university for _____ of roughly six years.A. a decadeB. a timeC. an ageD. a period14. Caracas has been called the Los angles of South America; at _____ they look exactly the same.A. short noticeB. first sightC. first impressionD. first appearance15. A dictionary of the English language, _______ by Dr Samuel Johnson, was the first real attempt as a systematic and interestingly written survey of English usage.A. construckedB. composedC. compiledD. collected16. She said she wouldn't call us the next day, _____ she?A. wouldB. wouldn'tC. didD. didn't17. Nobody came to see me while I was out, _____?A. did theyB. didn't whileC. did sheD. didn't she18. There's no water in the bottle, ________?A. isn't thereB. is thereC. hasn't thereD. has there19. No one was absent from the meeting, _______?A. was sheB. weren't sheC. were theyD. weren't they20. You needn't speak so loudly, _____?A. don't youB. do youC. needn't youD. need you二、完型填空（共计20分）Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursinghomes. They are left in the 1 of strangers for the rest of their lives.Their 2 children visit them onlyoccasionally,but more often, they do not have any 3 visitors.The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an 4story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care 5 elderly people nee D. SamuelPrestoon, a sociologist, studied 6 the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the 7American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. 8 , because people todaylive longer after an illness than people did years 9 , family members must provide long term care. Morepsychologists have found that all caregivers10 a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that theyare the best11 for the jo B. In other words, they all felt that they 12 do the job better than anyoneelse.Social workers 13 caregivers to find out why theytook 14 the responsibility of caring for an elderlyrelative.Many caregivers believed they had 15 to help their relative.Some stated that helping others 16them feel more useful.Others hoped that by helping 17 now, they would deserve care when they becameold and 18 .Caring for the elderlyand being taken care of can be a 19 satisfying experience for everyonewho might be 20 .1.A.hands B. arms C.bodies D.homes2.A.growing B. grown C.being grown D.having grown3.A.constant B. lasting C.regular D.normal4.A.imaginary B. imaginable C.imaginative D.imagery5.A.that B. this C.those D.these6.A.when B. how C.what D.wheremon B. ordinary C.standard D.average8.A.Further B. However C.Moreover D.Whereas9.A.before B. ago ter tely10.A.share B. enjoy C.divide D.consent11.A.person B. people C.character D.man12.A.would B. will C.could D.can13.A.questioned B. interviewed C.inquired D.interrogate14.A.in B. up C.on D.off15.A.admiration B. initiative C.necessity D.obligation16.A.cause B. enable C.make D.get17.A.someone B. anyone C.everyone D.anybody18.A.elderly B. dependent C.dependable D.independent19.A.similarly B. differently C.mutually D.certainly20.A.involved B. excluded C.included D.considered三、阅读理解：(共25分)The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculturecomplained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?A. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sB. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sC. U.S. Economy in the 50’sD. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.A. nearby explosionB. thunderous noiseC. general public supportD. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.A. confidenceB. confusionC. disappointmentD. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?A. EconomistsB. FrmaersC. PoliticiansD. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?A. 60％B. 50％C. 33％D. 90％四、书面表达：(满分15分)请你写封信给你的朋友Tony告诉他，请他关照下你的朋友小花,内容重点如下:1.告诉这个消息2.请他给你朋友小花一些建议并给予指导注意:字数应为120词左右参考答案：一、选择题：1-5题答案:AACCC6-10题答案:CADCB11-15题答案:DADBC16-20题答案:DABCD二、完型填空1.【答案】A 本句意为他们的业余生活要由陌生人来照料。
英语四级阅读练习及答案
英语四级阅读练习及答案Passage One:As the horizons of science have expended, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist, the other, applied scientist.The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of the nature that govern our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practice problems. Neither is more important than the others, however, for the groups are very much related.Sometimes,however,the applied scientist finds the“problems”for the theoretical scientist to work on.Let’s take a particular problem of the aircraft industry: heat-resistant metals. Many of the metals and alloys that perform satisfactorily in car cannot be used in a jet-propelled (喷气推进式) plane, New alloys must be used, because the jet engine operates at a much higher temperature than an automobile engine. The turbine wheel ( 涡轮) in a turbojet (涡轮喷气发动机) must withstand temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, so air craft designers have to turn to the research metallurgist for the development of metals and alloys that would dothe job in jet-propelled planes.Diving scientists into two groups-pure and applied-is only one broad way of classifying them, however. When scientific knowledge was very limited, there was no need for men to specialize. Today, with the great body of scientific knowledge, scientists specialize in many different fields. Within each field, there is even further subdivision. And, with finer and finer subdivisions, the various sciences have become more and more interrelated until no branch is entirely independent of the others. Many new specialties-geophysics and biochemistry, for example-have resulted from combining the knowledge of two or more science.1.The applied scientistA) does original research to the basic laws of natureB) applied the result of research to practical problemsC) provides the basic knowledge for the pure scientistD) is not interested in practical problems2. The example given in the third paragraph illustrates howA) pure science operates independently of applied scienceB) the applied scientist discover the basic laws of natureC) applied science defines all the areas in which basic research is doneD) applied science suggests problems for the basic scientist3. Finer and finer subdivision in the field of science has resulted inA) the loss of the need for specialistsB) greater interdependence of each scienceC) greater dependence of each scienceD) the need for only one classification if scientists4. Geophysics and biochemistry are .A) examples of new specialties resulting from combing sciencesB) totally dependent sciencesC) among the oldest sciences known to manD) both B)and C)5.“The horizons of science have expanded,”(para1)means thatA) scientists can see further out into spaceB) science has developed more field of human endeavorC) the horizon changes size from year to yearD) scientists have made a machine for enlarging the horizonPassage Two:Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the friendship for granted,we often don’t clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with only a number ofpeople, we are usually friends with only a very few. For example, the average among students is about 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationship, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interest vary enormously .As we get to know people we take into account things like ages ,race, economic condition, social position, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and background. Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usually for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitude and interests in common —they often talk about“being on the same wavelength”.It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to break an promise. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerant differences of opinion.In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond,which can overcome differences in background and break down of age, class and race.6.According to the author, .A) all those who get on well with each other are friendsB) friends are closer than people who just get on well with each otherC) everyone understand clearly how to make friendsD) every students has 6 friends7. When we make friends, we consider such things as age, race and background becauseA) it is not easy to have a friendly relationship with people when there is a marked difference in age and backgroundB) the degreed of friendship between people and the reason for their shared interests can vary greatlyC) friends need to know all these thingsD) these are the most important factors to make friends8.In paragraph2,“being on the same wavelength”means.A) using the same frequency while talkingB) keeping the same friendly relationship as other people doC) having similar ideas, beliefs, attitudes and interestsD) having the same background9. Which of the following is not implied or directly stated in thepassage?A) Even friends may have differences of opinionsB) Friends never argue with each otherC) It generally takes time for people to become close friends.D) Someone’s habits may annoy his friends.10. To strengthen friendly relationship, peopleA) must hold friendship ceremoniesB) have to eliminate differences in backgroundC) should make friends with those who are of the same age and the same raceD) should support and understand each other through shared experiences and emotionsPassage Three:The movement toward centralization of authority in state departments of education has in some cases created friction with communities, which regard this modern policy as usurpation( 篡夺, 夺取)of their rights. Constitutionally, there can be no doubt that the state has a right to prescribe( 指示)to the local districts in any degree which it will. Legislatures( 立法机构)have been given power by State Constitutions which make them the most importantpolicy-making agent for education in a state. Legislatures establish the framework(机构)for education; they make direct appropriations for education; they create educational institutions; and they determine whether of not certain educational programs are to be authorized, expanded, decreased, or eliminated( 废除). The Legislature usually authorizes a State education department to administer its policies. It may, however, provide for a state board of education to advise it regarding policy and to administer the educational program. The central agency may define the extent of the local district and may determine in detail what shall be done within this district. While this is the constitutional right of the state, the practical fact is that the local district conducts its schools in very large measure according to its own desires, and local officers often talk upon state supervision as indefensible interference11. About the centralization of authority in state department of education, some communities feel that .A) their rights are improvedB) their rights are ignoredC) their rights are violatedD) their rights are protected12. According to the article, which of the following rights are NOT belong to the state?A) The right to administer entrance examination.B) The right to expand or decrease educational programs.C) The right to budget school programsD) The right to created educational institutions.13. What does the Legislature usually do in administering Policies?A) It administers policies by itself.B) It authorizes a State education department administer its policies.C) It is authorized by a State education department to administer its policies.D) It authorizes a state board of education to administer the educational program.14. Which of the following is NOT true about actual educational situation?A) The local district has a lot of control over its schoolsB) The central agency may extend the extent of the local districtsC) State supervision is not always welcome to local districts.D) Local officers forbid State supervision if they think it is a kind of interference15. which of the following titles can best summarize the article?A) The Legislature Administers its PoliciesB) The Centralization of Authority in State Department ofEducationC) The Role of the State in EducationD) The Rights of the Local DistrictsPassage Four:Some people believed that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: those international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was the recent incident of tragedy involving murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by mi-nor national contests.One country received its second-place medals with visible anger after the hockey(曲棍球)dinal, There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the loser objecting to the final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disal lowed and their opponents’victory was unfair.The presidentof the Federation(联合会)said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three years. The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputable end to their contest. The game had ended in disorder. It was thought at first that the United States had won by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player plopped it into the basket. It was the first time the US had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals.Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive(行为过分的)patriotism(爱国心).16. The author thinks that in recent years Olympic gameshave .A) showed little international friendshipB) greatly encouraged international brotherhoodC) created goodwill between the nationsD) created only misunderstanding and hatred17.What did the manager mean by saying“This isn’t hockey. Hockey and the Int ernational Hockey Federation are finished”?A) This is not a standard hockey matchB) The Federation would not exist any longer after this match was overC) His team would not enter the game in three yearsD) The unfair decisions ruined both hockey and the Federation.18. The basketball match showed thatA) the Russian team should not have taken advantage of the last three seconds.B) aggressive patriotism was displayed in the incident.C) The appeal jury was too ineffective in making a decisionD) the American team should have taken the first place.19. The author gives 2 examples in the 2 nd and the 3rd paragraphs is in order to show thatA) contests often end in disorderB) no contest is fair in Olympic GamesC) competition discourages international friendshipD) unfair decisions are common in sports20. Which statement best summarizes this passage?A) Athletes should compete as individualsB) The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved.C) Any team that has disrespectful behavior should be suspended.D) Different teams often have disputes when fighting for the first place.Passage Five:Urban life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and rewards against dangers and stress; its motivating force is, in the broadest sense, money. Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition is stressful; it is often at its most intense in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest. The presence of huge numbers of people inevitably involves more conflict, more traveling, the overloading of public services and exposure to those deviants and criminals who are drawn to the rich pickings of great cities. Crime has always flourished in the relative anonymity of urban life,but today’s ease of movement makes its control more difficult than ever; there is much evidence that itsextent has a direct relationship to the size of communities. City dwellers may become trapped in their homes by the tear of crime around them.As a defence against these developments, city dwellers tend to use various strategies to try and reduce the pressures upon themselves: contacts with other people are generally made brief and impersonal; doors are kept locked; telephone numbers may be ex-directory; journeys outside the home are usually hurried, rather than a source of pleasure of pleasure. There are other are other strategies, too, which are positively harmful to the individual, for example, reducing awareness through drugs or alcohol. Furthermore, all these defensive forms of behavior are harmful to society in general; they cause widespread loneliness and destroy the community’s concern for its ck of informal social contact and indifference to the misfortunes of others, if they are not personally known to oneself, are amongst the major causes of urban crime.Inner areas of cities tend to be abandoned by the more successful and left to those who have done badly in the competitive struggle or who belong to minority groups; these people are then geographically trapped because so much economic activity has migrated to the suburbs and beyond.Present-day architecture and planning have enormously worsened the human problems of urban life. Old established neighborhoods have been ruthlessly swept away, by both public and private organizations, usually to be replaced by huge, ugly, impersonal structures, People have been forced to leave their familiar homes, usually to be rehoused in tower blocks which are drab( 单调乏味的), inconvenient, and fail to provide any setting for human interaction or support. This destruction of established social structures is the worst possible approach to the difficulties of living in a town or city. Instead, every effort should be made to conserve the human scale of the environment, and to retain familiar landmarks.21. According to the author, living in a city causes stress because there are so many people who are .A) In need of helpB) naturally aggressiveC) likely to commit crimeD) anxious to succeed22. The author thinks that crime is increasing cities because .A) criminals are difficult to trace in large populationsB) people do not communicate with their neighborsC) people feel anonymous thereD) the trappings of success are attractive to criminals23. According to the article, what is the worst problem facing people living in cities?A) Crime.B) Finding somewhere to live.C) Social isolation.D) Drugs and alcoholism.24. The majority of people who live in inner cities do so because they .A) have been forced by circumstances to do soB) have turned against societyC) dislike having to travel far to workD)don’t like the idea of living in the suburbs25. Architectural changes have affected city life by .A) forcing people to live on top of each otherB) making people move to the suburbsC) giving the individual a say in planningD) dispersing long-established communitiesPassage Six:People do not travel for pleasure on the roads and trains leading into cities on weekday mornings; they are commuting. Commuters represent the exact opposite of Robert Louis Stevenson’s view of traveling that“For my part,I travel not to go anywhere,but to go.I travel for travel’s sake.”Commuters travel because they have to; the destination is the only thing that matters.Commuting is modern.Up until the1950’s most workers lived in the shadow of their workplace and within earshot of its whistle or hooter; people walked or cycled to work, even going home for their lunch. As cities grow and as the pressure on city center property increases, so ever more people have had to move further away from their place of work. The suburbs grow and this results in the awful rush hours, many of which tail back to the suburbs themselves, To ease the commuter congestion city governments build new roads, especially ring roads, but these generate more traffic, adding to the traffic jams and bad health. San Francisco introduced BART (the Bay Area Rapid Transit) to take the pressure off its roads, but after an initial positive response the scheme was overtaken by the sheer magnitude of commuter growth.Trains and subway systems are little better.In Tokyo“pushers”are employed to squeeze commuters into carriages, in London and New York the underground systems are near capacity and unpleasant toride. In Paris petty crime on the Metro ( 地铁) is widespread. In Soweto the trains are so crowded that commuters hang on the outside of the“back only”trains.Th e associated health hazards are rivaled by those caused by traffic accidents and the stress-related diseases created by the tension in all forms of commuting. The bigger the city, the larger the daily commuting public and the longer the distances traveled. Many commuters see neither their house nor their children in daylight for almost six months of the year. In a large city like London the average daily time spent commuting to and from work is almost two hours. As a working day is eight hours or less, this means that the average commuter really“works”in excess of a six day week.Cities which try to alleviate the lot of the commuter are those which are most worth living in, but it is a hard and uphill task to do anything constructive. Special“Kiss and Ride”metro stations surround Washington,but are as little used as the“Ride-On”buses.People appear to prefer the traffic jams on the Beltway.Although most people dislike the unpleasant“dead time”of commuting, some people turn it to their advantage. J. M. Keynes wrote his General Theory en route from London to Cambridge, and there are classes in French, business studies, bridge and chess (among other topics) on commuter trains into the London main-linestations. Other people, especially those who can afford the comfort of first-class tickets, catch up on their reading, do the preparation for the day’s work,use their computers or the train telephones,or listen to music Others take the view that commuting should make you fit. They walk, run, cycle, row, sail, skate and skate-board into work.26.San Francisco’s Bay Area Rapid Transit scheme.A) took a long time to become successfulB) was eagerly awaitedC) could not cope with the numbers of passengersD) has been a big success27. As a solution to the rise in the number of commuters, trains and subways are .A) more effective than new roadsB) not as effective as new roadsC) rather more effective than new roadsD) scarcely any more effective than new roabs28. It is more pleasant to live in cities which .A) are small enough for people not to need to commuteB) encourage commutingC) have efficient public transport systemsD) improve conditions for commuters29.Washington’s metro trains are.A) less popular than its busesB) more popular than its busesC) as popular as its busesD) as unpopular as its buses30. The majority of travelers .A)don’t enjoy wasting their time commutingB) make the most of the time they spend commutingC) keep fit while commutingD) exercise their minds while commutingPassage Seven:One phase of the business cycle is the expansion phase. This phase is two-fold one, including recovery and prosperity. During the recovery period there is ever-growing expansion of existing facilities, and new facilities for production are created. More businesses are created and older ones expanded. Improvements of various kinds are made. There is an ever increasing optimism about the future of economic growth.Much capital is invested in machinery or "heavy" industry. More labor is employed. More raw materials are required. As one part of the economyDevelops, other parts are affected. For example, a great expansion in automobiles results in an expansion of the steel, glass and rubber industries. Roads are required, thus the cement and machinery industries are stimulatedDemand for labor and materials results in greater prosperity for workers and supplest of raw materials, including the various segments of the population. This prosperity period may continue to rise and rise without an apparent end. However, a time comes when this phase reaches a peak and stops spiraling upwards. This is the end of the expansion phase.31. We may assume that in the next paragraph the author will discuss____.A. cyclical industriesB.union demandsC. the higher cost of livingD.economic decline period32. The title below that best expresses the idea of this passage is_____A The Recovery Stage C.an Expanding society B. Attain prosperity D. the Period of GoodTimes33. Prosperity in one industry_____A. reflects itself in many other industriesB. will spiral upwardsC. will end abruptlyD. will help all segments of society except the farm34 Which of the fooling industries will probably be a good indicator of the period of expansion?A. Foodstuffs.B.Machine toolsC.Cosmetics D Farming35. During the period of prosperity, people regard the future _____.A. cautiouslyB. in a confident mannerC.indffferently D in a happy moodPassage Eight:On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more such organized activities as soccer and ballet ( 芭蕾舞). Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average offour a week playing sports; girls log half that time. All in all, however,children’s leisure time dropped from40%of the day in1981 to 25%.“Children are affected by the same time crunch(危机) that affects their parents,”says Sandra Hofferth,who headed the recent study of children’s timetable.A chief reason,she says,is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children inboth double-income and“male breadwinner”households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.)All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids.“Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself,”says T.Berry Brazelton,professor at Harvard Medical school. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it.The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing “free time”watching television.But that,believe it or not,was one of the findings parents might regard as good news.If they’re spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren’treplacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interestedin books,the children spent just over an hour a week reading.Let’s face it,who’s got the time?36.By mentioning“the same time crunch”(Line1,Para.2)Sandra Hofferth means .A) children have little time to play with their parentsB) both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure timeC) both parents and children have trouble managing their timeD) children are not taken good care of by their working parents37. According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the timecrunch is .A) partially true B) quite convincingC) rather confusing D) totally groundless38. According to the author a child develops better if .A) he has plenty of time reading and studyingB) he is free to interact with his working parentsC) he is left to play with his peers in his own wayD) he has more time participating in school activities39. The author is concerned about the fact that Americankids .A) are involved less and less in household workB) are spending more and more time watching TVC) are engaged in more and more structured activitiesD) are increasingly neglected by their working mothers40. We can infer from the passage that .A) most parents believe reading to be beneficial to childrenB) efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitfulC) most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched offD) ex tracurricular activities promote children’s intelligenceKey:1-5. BDBAB 6-10 BACBD 11-15. CABDC 16-20 ADBCB21-25 DACAD 26-30 CDDDA 31-35 DDABB 36-40BACCA (注：范文素材和资料部分来自网络，供参考。
2021年英语四级阅读理解精练附答案和解析 第24篇-睡眠质量高, 单词记得牢
2021年英语四级阅读理解精练附答案和解析第24篇:睡眠质量高, 单词记得牢Quality Sleep "Rescues Memories"Even facts "forgotten" by people during a busy day may be retrieved if this is followed by a good night's sleep.Researchers from the University of Chicago asked volunteers to remember simple words. Many found their memories letting them down1 towards the end of the day, but the following morning, those who had slept well could recall much more .Researchers, writing in the journal Nature2, said the brain could"rescue"lost memories during the night.When the brain is first asked to remember something, that memory is laid down in an " unstable "state , meaning that it is possible that it could be lost. At some point, the brain consolidates those it deems important into a" stable ", more permanent state. However,the Chicago researchers suggested that it was possible for a" stable "memory to be made " unstable"again. This would mean that memories could be modified then filed away again in the face of new experiences.The 12 volunteers tested in the experiment were playedwords created through a speech synthesizer which were purposely difficult to understand. Initially, the written version of the word was available , but afterwards the volunteers were asked to identify the word from the audio version only. Tests revealed that the ability to recall the right word tended to tail off3 as the day ended.However, when the volunteers were retested after a good night's sleep , they were able to recall some words that they had" forgotten"the previous evening. Dr Daniel, one of the study authors, said:"Sleep consolidates memories, protecting them against subsequent interference or decay. Sleep also appears to'recover'or restore memories. "He said :" If performance is reduced by decay, sleep might actively recover what has been lost. "Dr Karim Nader, from the Department of Psychology in McGill University in Montreal, said:"Memory research is undergoing a transformation —no longer is memory thought to be a hard-wiring of the brain, instead it seems to be a process of storage and restorage. "Sleep helps some memories"mature"and also prunes out unimportant memories.练习题：Ⅰ. True or False:1. Researchers asked volunteers from the University of Chicago to remember simple words.2. The 12 volunteers tested in the experiment played word games.3. The volunteers can see and hear the words first, then they can hear them only.4. Sleep makes memories powerful, protecting them against later harm.Ⅱ. Question:Who compares memories with the process of storage and restorage?Ⅰ. 1. F 2. F 3 . T 4 . TⅡ. Dr Karim Nader, from the Department of Psychology in McGill University in Montreal.睡眠质量高, 单词记得牢如果晚上睡个好觉, 即使白天由于忙碌而“遗忘”的一些事情也可以重新回忆起来。
大学英语英语四级练习题(包含答案) (5)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. The narrow, sunless hall smelled _______of slake cabbage.A. uninterestinglyB. unpleasantlyC. uninvitedlyD. unpleasingly2. In the headmaster’s office, exercise—books kept ________ owing to the fact that he had marked very little recently.A. heaping onB. growing upC. piling onD. piling up3. My journey to Croydon proved to be a miserable one as the rain did not _____.A. dear upB. got offC. let upD. slow down4. The ordinary Zulu fighters were not _______to Shala’s plan of throwing away their sandals.A. opposedB. objectedC. opposingD. conflicting5. Shakespeare’s ploy “The Taming of the Shrew” is on _______ 3 tonight.A. wavelengthB. postC. bandD. channel6. Bacon and eggs _______ common Sunday breakfast in EnglanD.A. is anB. are theC. is aD. are7. Mr. Ma can not only play ______ chess very well but also play _______ piano.A. /, /B. the, /C. /, aD. /, the8. Professor Jones, the man who discovered _______ new drug that everyone is talking about, refused to give _________ press conference.A. a, aB. the, theC. a, theD. the, a9. He was taken _____ prisoner in the war and spent ______ next two years in a prisoner-of-war camp in the south.A. /, theB. the, aC. the, /D. the, the10. ______ computer is more essential to a modern business than ________ typewriter.A. The, theB. /, /C. A, theD. The, a11. It was unusual for there _____ so few students in the classroom.A. to beB. beC. beingD. are12. He was awaken by someone _____ at the door.A. tappingB. to tapC. tappedD. tap13. You should put your dirty shirt together with the clothing _____ next to the washing machine.A. launderingB. of launderingC. to be launderedD. for laundered14.The local health organization is reported ____ twenty-five years ago when Dr. Audon became its first president.A、to be set upB、being set upC、to have been set upD、having been set up15. These open-air concerts are often attended by ____ audience if the weather is fine.A、a number ofB、a great number ofC、a large manyD、a large16. ____ several times, but he still doesn’t know how to do it properly.A、Being shownB、Having shownC、Having been shownD、I’ve shown him17. A rumor began to spread here some time ago ____ there would be another SARS case in the city.A、whichB、whereC、whenD、that18. One side of the board should be painted yellow, and ____ white.A、the other isB、anotherC、the otherD、another is19.Hurry up,_ you will miss the first train. ( )A.andB.thenC.butD.or that20.The shirt doesn't fit me.it's. small for me. ( )A.to muchB.much tooC.too manyD.many to二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、 The train was delayed on account of snow.翻译：__________________________________________________.2. You need to check in on hour before the flight.翻译：___________________________________________________3. Thoughts can also be expressed by means of musiC.翻译：________________________________________________________4、The shop is now licensed to sell cigarettes.翻译：__________________________________________________.5、You mustn’t let the body temperature drop too low.翻译：________________________________________________________三、阅读理解：(共30分)On Thursday afternoon Mrs. Carke, dressed for going out, took her handbag with her money and her key in it, pulled the door behind her to lock it and went to the over 60s CluB. She always went there on Thursdays. It was a nice outing for an old woman who lived alone. At six o'clock she cane home, let herself in and at once smelt cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke in her house? How? How? Had someone got in? She checked the back door and the windows. All were locked or fastened, as usual. There was no sign of forced entry. Over a cup of tea she wondered whether someone might have a key that fitted her front door-"a master key"perhaps. Soshe stayed at home the following Thursday. Nothing happeneD. Was anyone watching her movements? On the Thursday after that she went out at her usual time,dressed as usual, but she didn't go to the club. Instead she took a short cut home again, letting herself in through her garden and the back door. She settled down to wait. It was just after four o'clock when the front door bell rang.Mrs. Clarke was making a cup of tea at the time. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed open. With the kettle of boiling water in her hand, she moved quietly towards the front door. A long piece of wire appeared through the letter-box, and then a hanD. The wire turned and caught around the knob on the door-lock. Mrs. Clarke raised the kettle and poured the water over the hanD. There was a shout outside, and the skin seemed to drop off the fingers like a glove. The wire fell to the floor, the hand was pulled back, and Mrs. Clarke heard the sound of running feet.1.Mrs. Clarke looded forward to Thursday because_______.A.she worked at a club on the dayB.she said visitors on ThursdaysC.she visited a club on ThursdayD.a special visitor came on Thursday2.If someone had made a forced entery,_______.A.Mrs.Clarke would have found a broken door or windowB.he or she was still in the houseC.things would have been thown aboutD.he or she would have needed a master key3.On the third Thursday Mrs. Clarke went out_______.A.because she didn't want to miss the club againB.to see if the thief was hnging about outsideC.to the club but then changed her mindD.in an attempt to trick the thief4.The lock on the front door was one which_______.A.needed a piece of wire to open itB.could he opened from inside without a keyC.could't be opened without a keyed a knob instead of a key5.The wire feel to the floor_______.A.because Mrs.Clarke refused to open the doorB.when the man's glove dropped offC.because it was too hot to holdD.because the man justwanted to get away四、书面表达：(满分15分)以“清明”为题，讲解清明节习俗。
大学英语四级阅读题带答案
大学英语四级阅读题带答案大学英语四级阅读题：【原文】Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger.Not all will be saved，andperhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are low-quality business.We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist.But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened.They are doing a fine job educationally，but they are caught in a financial squeeze，with no way to reduce rising costs or increase revenuessignificantly.Raising tuition doesnt bring in more revenue，for each time tuition goes up，the enrollment goes down，or the amount that must be given away in student aid goes up.Schools are bad businesses，whether public or private，not usually because of mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise.They lose money on every customer，and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students.Even a very good college is a very bad business.It is such colleges，thriving but threatened，I worry about.Low enrollment is not their chief problem.Even with full enrollments，they may go under.Efforts to save them，and preferably to keep them private，are a national necessity.There is no basis for arguing that private schools are inherently (固有地)better than public schools.Examples to the contrary abound.Anyone can name state universities and colleges that rankas the finest in the nation and the world.It is now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant，and therefore diversity is a national necessity.Diversity in the way we support schools tends to give us a healthy diversity in the forms of education.In an imperfect society such as ours，uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous.In an imperfect society，diversity is a positive good. Enthusiastic supporters of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education.大学英语四级阅读题：【题目】Choose correct answers to the question：1.According to the authors opinion，schools are bad businesses because of _______.A.mismanagementB.too few studentsC.financial squeezeD.their characteristics2.The author used the phrase “go under” in Para. 3 to mean “_______”。
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英语四级阅读理解专项练习题(24)
导读：本文英语四级阅读理解专项练习题(24)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
Whether the eyes are "the windows of the soul" is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby's life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures: In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother's back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the "proper place to focus one's gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one's conversation partner."
The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the
speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker re-establishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or wild terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses: there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.
1. The author is convinced that the eyes are .
A. of extreme importance in expressing feelings and exchanging ideas
B. something through which one can see a person's inner world
C. of considerable significance in making conversations interesting
D. something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate
2. Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person .
A. whose front view is fully perceived
B. whose face is covered with a mask
C. whose face is seen from the side
D. whose face is free of any covering。