答案-模拟试题一
法学专业商法模拟试题试题一及答案
法学专业商法模拟试题试题一及答案0107一、判断正误题〔每题1分，共8分〕1．错2．对3．错4．错5．对6．错7．对8．错〔请根据你的选择，在题目后面的括号内填写“对”或“错”。
〕1．但凡从事商行为的人都是商人。
〔〕2．依照公司法的规定设立的股份，不得在其公司名称中标明有限责任公司的字样。
〔〕3．董事长是公司的法定代表人，根据需要，董事长可以修改公司章程，以适应公司在市场竞争的需要。
〔〕4. 在中华人民共和国境内从事保险活动的公司和个人，可以适用中华人民共和国保险法，也可以选择适用其他国家的保险法。
〔〕5．当事人经协商同意变更保险合同的，应当由保险人在原保险单或者其他保险凭证上批注或者附贴批单，或者由投保人与保险人订立变更的书面协议。
〔v 〕6．汇票上不必记载“无条件支付的委托”的字样。
〔〕7．本票的出票人必须具有支付本票金额的可靠资金来源，并保证支付。
〔〕8．公司的经营方针和经营范围的显著变化不属于证券法所说的“重大事件”。
〔〕二、多项选择题〔每题2分，共18分〕二、多项选择题〔每题2分，共18分〕1．AC 2．ABC 3．ABD 4.BCD 5．ACD〔在A、B、C、D四个答案中，选择正确答案，并将相应的字母填在括号中。
〕1．以下选项中，哪些属于绝对商行为？〔〕A. 汇票的出票B. 不动产出租C.在证券交易所买卖股票D. 专业咨询服务2．以下各项，哪些是任何公司在设立时都必须具备的基本条件？〔．ABC 〕A. 必须有发起人B. 必须有资本C.必须制定公司章程D. 必须经过在登记前报经审批3. 张律师在向客户介绍股份募集设立的程序时，有以下一些说法。
其中哪些是正确的？〔．ABD 〕A. “募集设立的股份，必须经过两道批准程序，一是经国务院授权的部门或者省级人民政府批准设立公司，二是经国务院证券管理部门批准向社会公开募集股份。
”B.“向社会公开募股前，必须签订两个协议，一是同依法设立的证券经营机构签订承销协议，二是同银行签订代收股款协议。
兽医药理学模拟试题及答案(一)
兽医药理学模拟试题及答案1. 下列药物中不具有抗风湿消炎作用是（ b ）。
A．安乃近 B. 保泰松 C. 阿斯匹林 D. 非那西丁D2. 阿托品抑制腺体分泌作用最敏感的腺体是（）。
A. 胃肠腺B. 泪腺C. 汗腺D. 唾液腺D3. 氯丙嗪所不具备的适应症是（）。
A. 镇吐B. 镇痛与解热C. 麻醉前用药D. 防中暑降体温B5. 治疗猪丹毒的首选药是（ c ）。
A. 硫酸镁B. 水合氯醛C. 青霉素GD. 痢特灵C4. 窒息时的呼吸兴奋药是（）。
A. 尼可刹米B. 扑尔敏C. 地塞米松D. 肾上腺素A5. 治疗脑部细菌性感染的有效药物是（）。
A. 磺胺二甲嘧啶B. 磺胺甲异噁唑C. 磺胺嘧啶D. 磺胺噻唑C6. 下列药物中最有效驱蛔虫药是（）。
A. 莫能菌素B. 哌嗪C. 氯硝柳胺D. 盐霉素B7. 杀灭畜体内线虫及外寄生虫为有效药物是（）。
A. 溴氰菊酯B. 左旋咪唑C. 伊维菌素D. 强力霉素C8. 抗支原体（霉形体）有效药物是（）。
A. 泰乐菌素B. 杆菌肽C. 苄青霉素D. 硫酸镁溶液A14. 盐类泻药应选用（）。
A. 硫酸酮溶液B. 速尿注射液C. 硫酸镁注射液D. 硫酸镁溶液D9. 治疗肺炎球菌感染的首选药是（）。
A. 磺胺嘧啶B. 二性霉素BC. 新霉素(氨基糖苷类)D. 青霉胺A10. 耐青霉素酶金葡球菌感染的有效治疗药是（）。
A. 氨苄青霉素B. 青霉素C. 邻氯青霉素D. 羟氨苄西林（阿莫西林）C11. 抗凝血剂类杀鼠药中毒选用的解救剂是（）。
A. 维生素BB. 维生素KC. 维生素AD. 维生素EB12. 普鲁卡因不宜用于（）。
A. 浸润麻醉B. 传导麻醉C. 表面麻醉D. 封闭麻醉13. 抗皮肤癣病的有效药物是（）。
A. 克霉唑B. 甲硝唑C. 氯霉素D. 越霉素A14. 具有驱风止酵、镇静、催眠的药物是（）。
A. 氯丙嗪B. 硫酸镁注射液C. 水合氯醛D. 安乃近C15. 可用于仔猪钩端螺旋体病的药物是（）。
高考数学(理科)模拟试题含答案(一)精编版
高考数学(理科)模拟试题含答案(一)精编版高考理科数学模拟试题精编(一)注意事项：1.作答选择题时，在答题卡上涂黑对应选项的答案信息点。
如需改动，先擦干净再涂其他答案。
不得在试卷上作答。
2.非选择题用黑色钢笔或签字笔作答，写在答题卡指定区域内。
如需改动，先划掉原答案再写新答案。
不得用铅笔或涂改液。
不按要求作答无效。
3.答题卡需整洁无误。
考试结束后，交回试卷和答题卡。
第Ⅰ卷一、选择题(本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。
)1.设全集Q={x|2x²-5x≤0，x∈N}，且P⊆Q，则满足条件的集合P的个数是()A。
3B。
4C。
7D。
82.若复数z=m(m-1)+(m-1)i是纯虚数，其中m是实数，则z=()A。
iB。
-iC。
2iD。
-2i3.已知等差数列{an}的公差为5，前n项和为Sn，且a1，a2，a5成等比数列，则S6=()A。
80B。
85C。
90D。
954.XXX每天上学都需要经过一个有交通信号灯的十字路口。
已知十字路口的交通信号灯绿灯亮的时间为40秒，黄灯5秒，红灯45秒。
如果XXX每天到路口的时间是随机的，则XXX上学时到十字路口需要等待的时间不少于20秒的概率是()A。
4/5B。
3/4C。
2/3D。
3/56.已知p：a=±1，q：函数f(x)=ln(x+a²+x²)为奇函数，则p 是q成立的()A。
充分不必要条件B。
必要不充分条件C。
充分必要条件D。
既不充分也不必要条件7.(省略了一个选项) 327.(1+x²+4x)²的常数项为()A。
120B。
160C。
200D。
2408.我们可以用随机模拟的方法估计π的值，如图所示的程序框图表示其基本步骤(函数RAND是产生随机数的函数，它能随机产生(0,1)内的任何一个实数)，若输出的结果为521，则由此可估计π的近似值为()A。
3.119B。
期中模拟试题一2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语九年级上册(含答案)
九年级上学期期中综合能力评估试题(一)一、选择填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
( )1. Among the subjects, I like________best and I do well in it. I think it is interesting to do kinds of experiments.A. PhysicsB. BiologyC. ChemistryD. Geography( )2._______Millie her sister enjoy watching The Reader because they can learn about Chinese culture through it.A. Both; andB.Either; orC. Neither; norD. Not only; but also( )3.Some novels didn't become famous ______ they were made into films, while some famous novels have never been made into films.A. whileB.afterC.untilD.whenever( )4. China successfully launched Shenzhou-16 manned spacecraft(发射神舟十六号载人飞船) on 30th May this year. This means that China has achieved new______in developing manned spacecrafts.A. trustB. peaceC. praiseD. progress( )5. It is wise of us to think twice before we make a(n)_____. Because once it is made, we shouldn't change it.A. victoryB. decisionC. suggestionD.achievement( )6.Xu Yuanchong, one of China's most famous translators, died at the age of 100. He left us with more than one hundred translated works, all very ________ to mankind.A. ancientB. naturalC. powerfulD.valuable( )7.---What do you think of “tang ping (躺平)”?---Well, I think it is important for young people to be____themselves and work hard.A. angry withB. strict withC. curious aboutD. worried about( )8. When you have made up your mind to do a thing, you shouldn't doubt_____you can do it or not.A.whyB.whatC. whereD. whether( )9. Tina misses her family very much. She ________with her parents several times since she _______here.A. video chatted; arrivedB. video chatted; has arrivedC. has video chatted; arrivedD. has video chatted; has arrived( )10.---Hello, Henry! Can I see Mr Smith? ---________.I'll tell him you are here.A. My pleasureB. Sounds like fun.C. Sorry to hear thatD. Just a minute二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
考研英语模拟试题1及答案
考研英语模拟试题一及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 ."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty."Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1．[A] Unlike [B] Besides[C] Despite [D] Throughout2．[A] connected [B] restricted[C] equal [D] inferior3．[A] choice [B] view[C] lesson [D] host4．[A] recall [B] forget[C] avoid [D] keep5．[A] collecting [B] involving[C] guiding [D] affecting6．[A] of [B] in[C] at [D] on7．[A] devoted [B] exposed[C] lost [D] attracted8．[A] across [B] along[C] down [D] out9．[A] calculated [B] denied[C] doubted [D] imagined10．[A] served [B] required[C] restored [D] explained11．[A] Even [B] Still[C] Rather [D] Thus12．[A] defeats [B] symptoms[C] tests [D] errors13．[A] minimized [B] highlighted[C] controlled [D] increased14．[A] equipped [B] associated[C] presented [D] compared15．[A] assess [B] moderate[C] generate [D] record16．[A] in the face of [B] in the form of[C] in the way of [D] in the name of17．[A] transfer [B] commit[C] attribute [D] return18．[A] because [B] unless[C] though [D] until19．[A] emerges [B] vanishes[C] remains [D] decreases20．[A] experiences [B] combines[C] justifies [D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago's O'Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is thatairports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.22. which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travelers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.23.The word "expedited" (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to[A] faster.[B] quieter.[C] wider.[D] cheaper.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] The government's reluctance to back it.[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck LanesText 2"The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers," wrote Queen Liliuokalani, Hawaii's last reigning monarch, in 1897. Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society. Sadly, all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today. Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT), a giant observatory that promises to revolutionize humanity's view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko , that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens. But Mauna Kea is also home to some of the world's most powerful telescopes. Rested in the Pacific Ocean, Mauna Kea's peak rises above the bulk of our planet's dense atmosphere, where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new. A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers. In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes, they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea's fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island's inhabitants. Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past; it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history, too, with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens. Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going. Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies, as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. The TMTsite was chosen to minimize the telescope's visibility around the island and to avoid archaeological and environmental impact. To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.26. Queen Liliuokalani's remark in Paragraph 1 indicates[A] its conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.[B] the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.[C] the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.[D] her appreciation of star watchers' feats in her time.27.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to[A] its geographical features[B] its protective surroundings.[C] its religious implications.[D] its existing infrastructure.28.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because[A] it may risk ruining their intellectual life.[B] it reminds them of a humiliating history.[C] their culture will lose a chance of revival.[D] they fear losing control of Mauna Kea.29.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that progress in today's astronomy[A] is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.[B] helps spread Hawaiian culture across the world.[C] may uncover the origin of Hawaiian culture.[D] will eventually soften Hawaiians' hostility.30.The author's attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of[A] severe criticism.[B] passive acceptance.[C] slight hesitancy.[D] full approval.Text 3Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country's GDP measures "everything except that which makes life worthwhile." With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK's GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country's economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in key indicators in areas such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . Yet this isn't the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country's success, the world looks very different .So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as a measure , it is no longer enough . It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes - all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth . But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress .31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he[A]praised the UK for its GDP.[B]identified GDP with happiness .[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .[D]had a low opinion of GDP .32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy .[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?[A]It is sponsored by 163 countries .[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.[C]Its criteria are questionable .[D]Its results are enlightening .34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom .[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline .[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues .35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK Lesson[B]GDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic Health[C]Rebort F.Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP[D]Brexit, the UK's Gateway to Well-beingText 4In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.The high court's decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell's trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his "official acts," or the former governor's decisions on "specific" and "unsettled" issues related to his duties.Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is "distasteful" and "nasty." But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an "official act".The court's ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery." The basic compact underlying representative government," wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court," assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns."But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader's source of wealth.Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society-that all are equal in treatment by government-is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.The court's ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell's duties.[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell's conduct.[D] refused to comment on McDonnell's ethics.37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves[A] leaking secrets intentionally.[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.[D] breaking contracts officially.38. The court's ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to[A] awaken the conscience of officials.[B] guarantee fair play in official access.[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.[D] inspire hopes in average people.40. The author's attitude toward the court's ruling is[A] sarcastic.[B] tolerant.[C] skeptical.[D] supportivePart BDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to filling them into the numbered box. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickens's eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches ,which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.[B]The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickens's fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.[C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the ten-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymour's pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book form in 1837.[D]Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.[E]Soon after his father's release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporter's eye for transcribing the life around him especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.[F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on England's southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office -a respectable position, but wish little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dicken's mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dicken's birth, his mother's father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The family's increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warren's Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his father's imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dicken's greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.[G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, e traces an orphan's progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dichens' as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.D →41. →42. →43. →44. →B →45.【答案】41. [F] Dickens was born in Portsmouth42. [E] Soon after his father's release from prison43. [A]The first published sketch44. [C]Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared45. [G] After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker worldPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.【答案】(46) 但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐渐失去其全球主导地位。
湖南省永州市2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次模拟语文试题[含答案]
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永州市2025年高考第一次模拟考试语文2024.09注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 全卷分值150分; 考试时间150分钟。
一、现代文阅读 (35分)(一) 现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题，19分)阅读下面的文字，完成1微信题。
人类在进化的蒙昧时期，就已经具有一种才能，这种才能，因为没有更恰当的名字，我姑且叫它为数觉。
由于人有了这种才能，当在一个小的集合里边，增加或者减去一样东西的时候，尽管他未曾直接知道增减，他也能够辨认到其中有所变化。
数觉和计数不能混为一谈。
计数似乎是很晚以后才有的一种收获，由后文可以知道，它牵涉到一种颇为复杂的心理过程。
就我们所知，计数是一种人类独具的特性；另一方面，有若干种动物看来也具有一种和我们相类似的原始数觉。
至少，有权威的关于动物行为的观测家持有这种主张，而且有很多实例支持这种理论。
例如，许多种鸟类是具有这种数觉的。
鸟巢里若是有四个卵，那么可以安然拿去一个；但是如果拿掉两个，这鸟通常就要逃走了。
鸟会用某种奇怪的方法来辨别二和三。
但是这种才能不仅限于鸟类。
实际上，我们所知道的最惊人的例子要算叫作“独居蜂”的昆虫。
这种母蜂在每个巢里下一个卵，并且在巢里面预先储藏了一批活的尺蠖，作为幼虫孵化后的食料。
使人吃惊的是，各类独居蜂每巢里所放的尺蠖数目都是一定的。
由于蜂类行为的规律化，而且这种行为和它的生命的基本机能有密切的关系，所以上述例子不如下面的例子来得更加令人信服。
这里所举的鸟的行为，似乎已经处于自觉的边缘了。
有个田主决心要打死一只在他庄园的望楼里筑巢的乌鸦。
他试了好多次想惊动它，始终没有成功：因为人一走近，乌鸦就离开了巢，飞开了。
它栖在远远的树上守着，等到人离开了望楼，才肯飞回巢去。
《数据库原理与应用》模拟试题一及参考答案
《数据库原理与应用》模拟试题一（闭卷 120 分钟）一、选择题（ 20分）1.下述关于数据库系统的正确叙述是（）A. 数据库系统减少了数据冗余B. 数据库系统避免了一切冗余C. 数据库系统中数据的一致性是指数据类型一致D. 数据库系统比文件系统能管理更多的数据2. 数据模型的三要素是( )A. 外模式、模式和内模式B. 关系模型、层次模型、网状模型C. 实体、属性和联系D. 数据结构、数据操作和完整性约束3. 自然连接是构成新关系的有效方法。
一般情况下，当对关系R和S使用自然连接时，要求R或S含有一个或多个共有的（）A. 元组B. 行C. 纪录D. 属性4. SQL中，与“NOT IN”等价的操作符是( )A. =SOMEB. =ALLC. <>SOMED.<>ALL5. 下列SQL语句中，修改表结构的是( )A. ALTERB. CREATEC. UPDATED. INSERT6. 若用如下的 SQL语句创建一个表student：CREATE TABLE student ( NO char(4) NOT NULL,NAME char(8) NOT NULL,SEX char(2),AGE numeric(2))可插入到student表中的值是：A. (NULL , ' 李华 ' , ' 男 ' , '23')B.('1031' , NULL, ' 男 ' , 23 )C. ('1031' , ' 李华 ' , NULL , NULL)D.('1031' , ' 李华 ' , 男 , 23 )7. 当关系模式R(A,B)已属于3NF，下列说法中正确的是（）A. R一定消除了插入和删除异常B. 仍然存在一定的插入和删除异常C.一定属于 BCNFD.A和C的说法都正确8. 关系模式中，满足 2NF 的模式（）A.可能是 1NFB.必定是 1NFC.必定是 3NFD.必定是 BCNF9 . 设有两个事务 T1,T2 ，其并发操作如图所示，下面描述正确的是（）T1 T2Read A=10 Update A=A-5 Read A=10 Update A=A-8A.不存在问题B.丢失更新C.不能重读D.读“ 脏” 数据10. 从 E-R模型关系向关系模型转换时，一个M:N联系转换为关系模式时，该关系模式的关键字是（）A. M端实体的关键字B. N端实体的关键字C. 两端实体的关键字组合D. 重新选取其它属性二、填空题（ 10分）1. 数据库的数据的独立性可分为___________和___________ 。
海南省2022-2023学年高考全真模拟卷(一)语文试题(含答案)
海南省2022-2023学年高考全真模拟卷（一）语文试题一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：近年来，现实题材电视剧创作数量、播出热度、社会关注度居高不下，开拓了大众化、生活化的荧屏世界，展现出影视剧制作的新风貌。
《人世间》《山海情》《大江大河》《父母爱情》等电视剧，通过普通人、家常事展现新中国成立以来的时代洪流，剧中有血有肉的平凡人物，让故事更接地气。
最是真实动人心。
金滩村，马得福在西北的风沙中建设家园，带领村民们种蘑菇脱贫致富；松山岛，江德福一家在东部的海风中守护着祖国的海疆……现实题材电视剧呈现着真实的生活场景、真实的喜怒哀乐、真实的命运变迁，以鲜活生动的影像记录下时代阔步前行的足迹。
现实题材电视剧的走红说明，一切创作技巧和手段都是为内容服务的，优秀的文艺作品需要做到思想内容和艺术表达有机统一、社会现实与艺术想象有机统一。
人民是文艺之母。
源于人民、为了人民、属于人民，是社会主义文艺的根本立场，也是现实题材电视剧经久不衰的关键。
现实题材电视剧从社会热点、民生关切中获取创作灵感，将人们关注的教育、医疗、住房、生育、养老等话题作为创作主题，并从微观个体的视角进行电视艺术演绎，因而能够让观众有置身剧中的代入感，在不知不觉中引发情感共鸣。
这说明，只有深入人民群众、了解人民的辛勤劳动、感知人民的喜怒哀乐，才能洞悉生活本质，才能把握时代脉动，才能领悟人民心声，才能使文艺创作具有深沉的力量和隽永的魅力。
从更大的视角来看，现实题材电视剧展现着微观个体与伟大时代的“双向奔赴”。
《人世间》作为一部以当代中国历史为背景的时代剧，以周秉昆一家几十年的经历为主要内容，通过讲述普通人物的命运变迁展现改革开放的时代洪流。
以小见大、以点带面，做到普遍性与特殊性相统一，不仅让宏大叙事通过具体细节变得可知可感，也通过艺术的方式揭示出时代进步的奥秘，即每个人的拼搏奋斗，汇聚成了推动时代前行的强大合力。
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模拟试题一参考答案及评分标准一.单项选择题（2分*15=30分）1.（C）2.（B）3.（D）4.（B）5.（B）6.(B)7.(A)8.（B）9.（C）10.(A)11.(A) 12.(A) 13.(A) 14.（B）15.（B）二.简答题（4分*5=20分）1．“角点法”的实质是什么？答：地基中的点投影到基础底面，使得投影点成为每个矩形的公共角点，且划分矩形的总面积应等于原有的受荷面积。
2．地基破坏模式有那几种？各有何特点？答：整体剪切破坏：当荷载较小时，基底压力与沉降基本上成直线关系，当荷载增加到某一数值时，在基础边缘处的土开始发生剪切破坏，随着荷载的增加，剪切破坏区不断扩大，最终在地基中形成一连续滑动面。
基础急剧下沉或倾倒，同时基础四周地面土隆起。
冲切破坏：是由于基础下软弱土的压缩变形使基础连续下沉，切入土中，地面土不隆起，基础没有很大倾斜，压力与沉降曲线全程曲线，不出现明显转折。
局部剪切破坏：介于上两者之间，剪切破坏也从基础边缘处的土开始，但滑动面发展不到地面，地面土隆起，但不会有明显倾斜和倒塌。
3.土压力计算中，比较朗肯理论和库仑理论的假设及适用条件等有何不同？答：（1）朗肯理论假设：墙背光滑、直立、填土面水平；即适用无粘性土，也适用于粘性土，但计算的主动土压力偏大，被动土压力偏小；由半空间应力状态和极限平衡理论推出。
（2）库仑理论假设：填土无粘性、滑动破坏面为一平面；原始公式不能直接适用于粘性土；计算的主动土压力偏差小，被动土压力偏差大；由滑动土楔的静力平衡推出。
4.写出分层法沉降计算的基本步骤，并确定压缩层计算深度。
(a)计算原地基中自重应力(b)基底附加压力(c)确定地基中附加应力分布(d)确定计算深度①一般土层：σz=0.2 σc；②软粘土层：σz=0.1 σc；③基岩或不可压缩土层(e)地基分层(f)计算每层ES5.影响土的抗剪强度的因素有哪些？答：有（1）土粒的矿物成分、形状、颗粒大小与颗粒级配。
（2）土的密度（3）含水量。
（4）土体结构的扰动情况。
（5）孔隙水压力的影响。
三.计算题（共50分）1.解：mw=167-112=55g, W= mw/ ms=55/112*100%=49%(3分)ρ=m/v=167/102=1.64g/cm3(3分)e=ds(1+W) ρw/ρ-1=2.65*(1+49%)*1/1.64-1=1.41(3分)Sr=Wds/e=49%*2.65/1.41=0.92(3分) rd= ms/v=112/102=1.1(3分)2. 解：Ka1=tg2(45。
-ф/2)=1/3 Ka2=tg2(45。
-20。
/2)=0.49填土处的土压力强度:σ0=q Ka1=20/3=20/3kpa(2分)第一层土层底处土压力强度:σ1= q Ka1+r1h1 Ka1= 20/3+17*6/3=122kpa(2分)第二层土层面处土压力强度:σ2= q Ka2+r1h1 Ka2-2C2 Ka2 = 20*0.49+17*6*0.49-2*20*0.7 =31.8 kpa(2分)第二层土层底处土压力强度:σ3= q Ka2+(r1h1+ r1h1) Ka2-2C2 Ka2= 20*0.49+(17*6+19*3)*0.49-2*20*0.49=59.7kpa(2分)Ea1=20/3*6=40kpa(1分)Ea2=1/2*6(122/3-20/3)=102kpa(1分)Ea3=31.8*3=95.4kpa(1分)Ea4=1/2*3*(59.7-31.8)=41.85kpa(1分)Ea= Ea1+ Ea2+ Ea3+ Ea4=279.25kpa(2分)X=[40*6+102*(3+1/3*6)+95.4*1.5+41.85*1]/279.25=3.35M(1分)3.解：166Kpa（5分）376kPa（5分）4.解：fa=fak+ηdrd(d-0.5)=228.8kpa（2.5分）ek=Mk/(Fk+Gk)=(90+25*0.7)/1.35/(1500/1.35+20*3.8*2*1.5)=0.06<L/6=3.8/6=0.63（2.5分）持力层承载力验算：PK=(Fk+Gk)/A=(1500/1.35+20*3.8*2*1.5)/(3.8*2)=176.2 kpa< fa=228.8 kpa（2.5分）PKmax=PK(1+6 ek/L)=192.9KPa<1.2 fa=275 KPa（2.5分）所以,基底尺寸满足要求.2) 解：(1)计算基底净反力偏心矩:en0=M/F=(90+25*0.7)/1500=0.072m（2分）基础边缘处的最大和最小净反力Pnmax=F(1+6 en0/L)/Lb=1500(1+6*0.072/3.8)/(3.8*2)=219.8 KPaPnmin=F(1-6 en0/L)/Lb=1500(1-6*0.072/3.8)/(3.8*2)=174.9 KPa（2分）(2)柱边基础截面抗冲切验算bc+2h0=400+2*660=1720mm<b=2000mmAm=[bc+(bc+2h0)]*h0/2=(bc+h0)h0=(400+660)*660=0.6996m2（2分）AL=b*(L/2-ac/2-h0)-[(b-bc-2h0)/2]2=2*(1.9-0.4-0.66)-[(2-0.4-2*0.66)/2]2=1.66m2（2分）冲切力:FL= Pnmax*AL=219.8*1.66=365KN抗冲切力:0.7ft Am=0.7*1100*0.6996=440 KN（2分）FL<0.7ft Am,所以,基础高度满足要求.模拟试题二参考答案及评分标准一.单项选择题（2分*15=30分）1.（C）2.（A）3.（D）4.（C）5.（A）6.(A)7.(A)8.（A）9.（C）10.(C)11.(D) 12.(D) 13.(A) 14.（B）15.（D）二.简答题（4分*5=20分）1.简述三轴试验分类及各试验过程。
答：（1）固结排水试验第一步：打开排水阀门，施加围压后充分固结，超静孔隙水压力完全消散；第二步：打开排水阀门，慢慢施加轴向应力差以便充分排水，避免产生超静孔压。
（2）固结不排水试验第一步打开排水阀门，施加围压后充分固结，超静孔隙水压力完全消散；第二步关闭排水阀门，很快剪切破坏，在施加轴向应力差过程中不排水。
（3）不固结不排水试验第一步：关闭排水阀门，围压下不固结；第二步：关闭排水阀门，很快剪切破坏，在施加轴向应力差过程中不排水。
2.直剪试验存在哪些优缺点？答：优点：设备简单，操作方便，结果便于整理，测试时间短。
缺点：不能严格地控制排水条件，不可以量测试件中孔隙水压力的变化，破坏面不是在最弱处，应变不均匀，试样应力状态复杂。
3.土的结构划分哪几种，简述每种结构土体的特点。
答：散粒结构：土的粒径较大，彼此之间无连结力或只有微弱的连结力，土粒呈棱角状、表面粗糙。
蜂窝结构：土的粒径较小、颗粒间的连接力强，吸引力大于其重力，土粒停留在最初的接触位置上不再下沉。
絮状结构：土粒较长时间在水中悬浮，单靠自身中重力不能下沉，而是由胶体颗粒结成棉絮状，以粒团的形式。
4.简述影响土中应力分布的因素。
答：(1)非线性材料的影响，土体实际是非线性材料的影响，对竖向应力计算值有影响；（2）成层地基的影响，天然土层大松密、软硬程度往往不相同，变形特性可能差别较大，如可压缩土层覆盖在刚性岩层上；（3）变形模量岁深度增大的影响；（4）各向异性的影响，由于天然沉积土因沉积条件和应力状态不同，在水平方向和垂直方法的E 就不同，土的各向异性也会影响土层中的附加应力分布。
5.简述太沙基一维固结理论的基本假设？答：（1）均质、各向同性和完全饱和；（2）土粒和孔隙水都是不可压缩的；（3）外荷载是在一次在瞬间施加的；（4）土中附加应力沿水平面是无限均匀分布的，因此土层大压缩和土中水的渗流都是一维的；（5）土中水的渗流服从达西定律；（6）在渗透固结中，土的渗透系数k 和压缩系数a 都是不变的。
三.计算题（共50分）1.某原状土样，经试验测得的基本指标值如下：重度3/6.18m kN =γ，含水量%33=w ，土粒比重68.2=s d ，试求土样孔隙比，饱和重度。
（10分）解：设1=s V ，则68.2=s m ，8844.068.233.0=⨯=w m （3分）3/6.18m kN =γ=10168.233.1⨯+⨯=e V m 得916.0=e （3分） V V m w v s sat ρρ+=88.1916.1916.068.2=+=，得3/8.18m kN sat =γ（4分）2.设砂土地基中一点的大小主应力分别为500kpa 和180kpa,其内摩擦角36ϕ=，求：（10分）（1）该点最大剪应力是多少？最大剪应力面上的法向应力又为多少？ 解：13max 1602kpa σστ-==，133402kpa σσσ+==（3分）（2）此点是否已达到极限平衡状态？为什么？ 解：200013(4518)263693500tg ctg kPa kPa σσ=++=>，0c =，未达到极限平衡状态（4分）（3）如果此点未达到极限平衡，令大主应力不变，而改变小主应力，使该点达到极限平衡状态，这时小主应力应为多少？解：200031(4518)227129.8tg ctg kPa σσ=--=（3分） 3.已知一挡土墙高5m ，墙背竖直、光滑，墙后填土面水平，土的c=10kPa ，ϕ=30︒ ， 土的重度3/7.18m kN =γ, 试问离地面以下5m 处的主动土压力强度为多少? 总主动土压力为多少?离地面以下5m 处的被动土压力强度为多少? （15分）解：31.1KPa （5分） 77.8KN/m （5分） 280.5kPa （5分）4.某条形基础宽度b=2m ，埋深d=1m ，基底附加压力p 0=100kPa ，基底至下卧层顶面的距离Z=2m ，下卧层顶面以上土的重度γ=20kN/m 3，下卧层地基承载力特征值f=65kPa ，深度修正系数1.1，压力扩散角θ=30︒，试验算下卧层地基承载力是否满足？（15分） 解kPa tg ztg b pb cz 31.55222210022=+⨯=+= θσ（5分）kPa c 60202201=⨯+⨯=σ（5分）kPa c cz3.115=+σσ（5分）, %5%8.4%1101103.115<=⨯-。