英语人教版八年级下册unit 8现在完成时
现在完成时教案同学们我们已经学习了现在进行时、一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时这4种时态的用法，但这4种时态还不能满足我们表达的需要。
比如：表示“某人过去曾经做过某事”或者“某人做某事多久”，以上五种时态就派不上用场了。
这时，我们可以用一种新的时态——现在完成时表示。
一、现在完成时的构成(一)肯定式主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它说明：这里的have /has是助动词，没有什么具体意义。
当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。
has，have的缩略式分别为's或've。
规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样，不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。
实例：1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。
(表示不要再抄了)2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。
(表示到目前为止还没有找到)(如果用过去时：She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作，而不知现在有没有找到)3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。
(表明现在教室是干净的)(二)否定式主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它说明：现在完成时构成否定句时，只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。
have not，has not的缩略式分别为haven't ，hasn't。
另外，肯定句中有some，already时，改为否定时要分别改成any，yet。
实例：1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。
2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。
3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。
注：有时not可以用never代替，表示“从来没有”的意思。
又如：4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。
(三)一般疑问式助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它 ?说明：把陈述句中的have或has放到句首，句末打问号，同时把句中的some ，already改为any ，ye t就构成了一般疑问句。
肯定回答用“Yes ，主语+have/has.?否定回答用“No，主语+haven't/hasn't.”有时也可以用“No，not yet./No ，never./No，not even once.”等。
实例：1)—Have you ever made dumplings ?你曾经做过饺子吗?—Yes ，I have .是的，我做过。
2)—Has she ever been abroad ?她曾经出过国吗?—No，never.不，从来没有。
3)—Have they found the lost books yet ?他们已经找到了丢失的书吗?—Yes ，they have.是的，他们找到了。
注意：当句中有否定词not ，hardly(几乎不)，never的时候，在改为反意疑问句时，附加部分用肯定形式。
例如：You have never come to our school ，have you ?你以前从来没有来过我们学校，是吗?二、现在完成时的用法(一)现在完成时的用法1：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
此时，常与时间副词already(已经) ，yet(还、已经) ，just(刚刚、仅仅) ，ever(曾经) ，never(从不) ，before(以前)等连用。
这几个副词的用法如下：1.already意为“已经”，通常用于肯定句中，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。
实例：1)I've already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了。
(“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。
)2)I've washed my clothes already.我已经洗了衣服。
(洗衣服的动作已完成，其结果是“衣服冼干净了”。
)注意：在表示吃惊或明知故问等感情色彩时，already也可用于(口语)疑问句中。
实例：3)Have you met him already ?你(真的)已经见过他了?2.yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末。
实例：1)—Has he found his watch yet ?他已经找到他的手表了吗?—No，not yet.不，还没有。
2)The woman hasn't found her dog yet .那位妇女还没有找到她的狗。
(没找到狗，心里着急，这就是对现在的影响)3.just意为“刚刚”，表示行为刚刚过去，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。
实例：He has just come back from school .他刚从学校回来。
4.ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。
实例：1)Have you ever been to Hong Kong ?你曾去过香港吗?2)I haven't ever spoken to her.我未曾和她说过话。
5.never意为“从来没有”常与before连用(before要放在句尾，而never多放在助动词与过去分词之间。
实例：I have never travelled by plane before.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过。
6.before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。
实例：1)Have you been to Hainan before ?你以前去过海南吗?2)I haven't eaten Guangdong food before.我以前没吃过广东菜。
(二)现在完成时用法二2——持续性用法(肯定句，疑问句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词)：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
此时常与“for +一段时间?或“since+过去的点时间或从句(从句用一般过去时)以及so far(到目前为止)等时间状语连用。
for + 段时间since +点时间实例：1)I've lived here since 1990.自从1990年以来我就住在这里。
= I've lived here since 13 years ago.= I've lived here for 13 years.= It is 13 years since I began to live here.2)I haven't seen him for three years .我三年没有看见他了。
= I haven't seen him since three years ago= I haven't seen him since 2000.= It is 3 years since I saw him last time.3)Mr Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city .自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。
4)She's been at this school since five years ago.自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。
注意：①在这类句子的肯定句和疑问句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词。
短暂性动词由于动作不能持续，故不能与for(达到;累计)或since(自从。
到现在)引出的时间状语连用。
②对for和since引导的时间状语提问要用How long1) 他入团两年了。
误：He has joined the League for two years.正：He has been a League member for two years.2)我买这辆自行车三年了。
误：I have bought this bike for three years.正：I have had this bike for three years.2) ▲部分短暂性动词与之对应的延续性动词：短暂性动词延续性动词die → be deadborrow → keepbuy/catch → haveget up → be upcome → be infinish → be overleaver → be awayopen → be openclose → be closedbegin → be onbecome interested in → be interested in有人可能会问：一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的动作都发生在过去，那么这两种时态有什么区别呢?☆答：①一般过去时与具体的表示过去时间状语如：yesterday连用;强调动作在过去发生，与现在无关。
②现在完成时与自已的特征词连用，强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生一直持续到现在的动作。
例： He saw the film last night. (过去时，表示他昨晚看过那部电影了，现在不知还要不要再看一次)He has (ever) seen the film before.(现在\完成时，表时他已看过那部电影，现在不想再看了)巩固练习：I.按要求转换下列各句，每空一词。
1、He has already finished his homework.(改为否定句)He _______ finished his homework ________.2.They have found the lost books already.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)______ they _______ the lost books _______?No，they________.3.Julia has not got home from school yet.(改为肯定句)Julia ______ _______ ________ home from school .4.You have never been to Shanghai before，_________ _________ ?(改为反意疑问句)5. He’s gone to Beijing, ______ ______?(改为反意疑问句)6.Mr Wang began to teach English in this school in 1999.(改为同义句)Mr Wang _________ _________ English in this school since 1999.7. He hasn’t left home for 3 days.(同义句)He _____ ______ ______ home for 3 days.8. They have lived here since 3 years ago. (对划线提问)II.选择正确答案。
Unit8现在完成时课件人教版八年级英语下册
1.找
2. 变
3.去
4.加
What have they haddaomeal at a restaurant since they left school?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句= 特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句
what who when which why what color what time
代替事物、事情 代替人 代替时间 代替事物，表选择 代替原因 代替颜色 代替时间点
2、before 表示之前发生的事情，放在句末。 I have been。
现在完成时的时间状语：
3、yet 放在否定句和一般疑问句句末。
just, before, recently,still, lately, never, ever, twice, on several occasions, in the past/weeks/months/years, till now.
6、ever
表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 放在 have/has后面，动词后面
例句:Their debts have grown ever larger. 他们的债务不断增加。
根据句意，完成下列句子 1，They _h_a_v_e_g_o_n_e (go) to the Beihu Park this year.
2，以不发音的e结尾
+d
3, 辅音字母+y结尾
改y为i+ed
4，以重读闭音节结尾， 双写该辅音字母
末尾只有一个辅音字母
+ed
示例
work---worked visit---visited
live---lived hope---hoped
现在完成时(unit8--unit10知识点总结)人教版英语八年级下册
现在完成时一．定义三要素与构成〔has/have done〕1.表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。
By now, I have remembered 1000 English words.2.一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生影响。
常见时间状语：常和already〔已经〕，yet〔已经〕，just〔刚刚〕，still〔仍旧〕，so far〔到目前为止〕，till now,(直到现在)，before〔以前〕，ever〔曾经〕，3 times(三次)，in the past/last..years(在过去几年)I have spent all of my money so far.（1）already:〔已经〕用于确定句位置：放于助动词与done 之间或者放在句末（2）yet:疑问句〔已经〕否认句〔还〕位置：常放句尾（3）ever(曾经)：疑问/确定位置：助动词与done之间（4）never〔从不〕位置：助动词与done之间【练习】〔1〕——你吃过早餐了吗？—Have you had breakfast ____?——是的，我已经吃过了。
/不，我还没吃。
—Yes，I have ________ had it./No，I haven’t had it ____.〔2〕I have ______ read this book，so I don’t know what it is about.〔3〕—Have you _____ been to the Great Wall? It’s so wonderful and great.—No，I have ______ been there.3.一个动作开头于过去，并持续到现在〔或许还将持续下去〕。
常见时间状语：①for＋一段时间“长达/持续了……②since＋过去一个时间点，表示“自从……以来〞时间段+ago，表示“从……以前〞+for+时间段从句〔一般过去时〕eg:Mary has been ill for three days.We have been classmates since 2 years ago.【练习】〔1〕我已经住在这里十年了。
英语人教版八年级下册Unit 8 语法——现在完成时态
eg: 1. My mother has just washed the clothes. 2. She never met the boy before. 3. Has she ever heard of this song? 4. He has been there three times in the past few years. 5. How many times have you been there this year?
过去
现在
将来
一般过去时态 过去进行时态
一般现在时态 现在进行时态
一般将来时态
过去
发生的动 作或行为
现在
强调现在 的状态
造成影响或结果
现在完成时态
I have already eaten my breakfast. 我已经吃过早饭了。
发生在过去的动作或行为（eat breakfast) 对现在造成的结果就是“现在肚子是饱的”
用法: 1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，并强调这一 影响。常用的时间状语有 just, yet,already,ever,never,before,in the past few years,so far等等。 2. 表示发生在过去的某一动作一直延续到现在，并且有可能继续延续下去。 常用的时间状语有“for + 一段时间”，“since + 表示过去的时间点或从句”。
辨别： I did my homework for an hour last night. I have done my homework for an hour .
注： 现在完成时态的这一用法句子的谓语动词必须为延 续性动词。
eg: Jane has waited for her friend for a long time.
新人教版英语八年级下册unit8重点讲解和练习题(无答案)
语法聚焦：现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)1) 现在完成时的定义：（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
—It’s so dark. 太黑了。
—Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了。
（2）表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。
I have lived here for ten years.我已经住在这里10年了。
（从10年前开始，持续到现在还住这儿）I have lived here since 2003. 自从2003年我就住在这儿。
（从2003年开始，持续到现在还住这儿）2) 现在完成时的构成及句式转换：助动词have/has + 过去分词①I have finished my homework. (肯定句)②I have not finished my homework. （否定句）③—Have you finished your homework?—Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t, （一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答）现在完成时的标志：①常与just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等连用，强调动作的完成，不强调动作的持续。
Have you ever been to Japan?I have just finished my homework.②for + 时间段；since + 过去的时间点；since + 段时间ago；since + 一般过去时的句子。
They have known each other for five years.Since he was a child, he has lived in England.do __________ —____________ go__________ —___________read ______ —______ see _________ —______know____________ —_____________ eat _______ —_________ forget _________ —_________write________-______ 一、根据句意或汉语提示写词。
2020-2021学年人教版八年级英语下册Unit8现在完成时的标志词教案
四、教学流程
（一）导入新课（用时5分钟）
同学们，今天我们将要学习的是《现在完成时的标志词》这一章节。在开始之前，我想先问大家一个问题：“你们在日常生活中是否遇到过需要描述过去发生但对现在有影响的动作或状态的情况？”（如：你昨天做的决定影响了你今天的计划。）这个问题与我们将要学习的内容密切相关。通过这个问题，我希望能够引起大家的兴趣和好奇心，让我们一同探索现在完成时的奥秘。
3.重点难点解析：在讲授过程中，我会特别强调现在完成时的构成和标志词这两个重点。对于难点部分，如现在完成时与一般过去时的区别，我会通过举例和比较来帮助大家理解。
（三）实践活动（用时10分钟）
1.分组讨论：学生们将分成若干小组，每组讨论一个与现在完成时相关的实际问题。
2.实验操作：为了加深理解，我们将进行一个简单的对话练习。这个练习将演示现在完成时的基本原理。
3.成果分享：每个小组将选择一名代表来分享他们的讨论成果。这些成果将被记录在黑板上或投影仪上，以便全班都能看到。
（五）总结回顾（用时5分钟）
今天的学习，我们了解了现在完成时的基本概念、重要性和应用。同时，我们也通过实践活动和小组讨论加深了对现在完成时的理解。我希望大家能够掌握这些知识点，并在日常生活中灵活运用。最后，如果有任何疑问或不明白的地方，请随时向我提问。
（2）正确使用现在完成时标志词，尤其在否定句中yet与already的用法；
举例：I haven't seen the movie yet.（表示尚未发生）vs. I haven't seen the movie already.（错误表达）
人教版八年级英语下册Unit8现在完成时的标志词教学设计
3.小组合作，编写一段对话，对话内容关于同学们讨论他们的旅行经历。要求至少使用五个现在完成时的句子。
4.选择一个你感兴趣的话题，如“我的成长故事”，运用现在完成时描述你在该话题中的相关经历。字数不少于80词。
5.完成课后练习册中关于现在完成时的练习题，巩固所学知识。
（三）情感态度与价值观
1.培养对英语学习的兴趣和自信心，养成良好的学习习惯；
2.形成合作、互助的学习氛围，提高团队协作能力；
3.增强对过去经历的回顾和反思，培养珍惜时间的意识；
4.拓展国际视野，了解中西方文化差异，尊重多元文化；
5.树立正确的价值观，关注社会问题，为我国中的时间状语，如“already”, “yet”, “just”等，引发学生对现在完成时的思考。
4.提问：“Can you use the present perfect tense to describe what has happened in these pictures?”，让学生尝试用现在完成时描述图片中的情境。
人教版八年级英语下册Unit8现在完成时的标志词教学设计
一、教学目标
（一）知识与技能
本章节的核心目标是让学生掌握现在完成时的标志词，并在实际语境中熟练运用。通过学习本章节，学生将能够：
1.认识并掌握现在完成时的标志词，如：already, yet, just, ever, never, before等；
a.你周末的活动；
b.你的暑假经历；
c.你的家庭成员的过去经历。
要求：每个场景至少用三个现在完成时的句子进行描述。
2.阅读短文，将下列一般过去时的句子改为现在完成时：
“Last year, I visited my grandparents in the countryside. I helped them with farming and enjoyed the fresh air. I also climbed a mountain and saw a beautiful sunrise.”
Unit8辨析thenumberof与anumberof的用法现在完成时的定义、标志词人教版八年级下
large / great
small
population
单数课堂练习I. 源自项选择1. The number of people in the city ______
about seven million now.
A. are
B. has
C. is
2. A number of visitors ______ visiting the West Lake and the number of the visitors ______ increasing. A. are; is B. is; are C. are; are
人教版新目标英语八年级下册Unit8
The number of women in my office is 20. the number of 表示特指问“...的数量”
A number of letters are from single parents. (许多信来自单身父母。)
a number of = a lot of
经典例题 1.Lily is my classmate. We each other since she
came to our school.
A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know 解题思路 题目中标志词为___s_i_n_c_e，考查 ( 现__在___完__成___时_ /一般过去时) , 故选___C____.
现在完成时的定义、标志词
一、定义
现在完成时
①持续性 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 I have been a teacher for two years. I have lived in China since I was born.
Unit+8+复习题+现在完成时+学案 人教版英语八年级下册
Unit8复习题+现在完成时一、完形填空Many people think the more time is spent, the more work will be done. So students have to spend the whole_____doing school work except the three meals.It is ______ to see students struggling in a sea of school work except work both at school and at home. Modern students usually have many_____They love music and sports. They like reading and watching TV. A two-day weekend can get them _____ from too much school work. And they can do what they like. But still teachers don’t think about it _____ they have too much school work, they have no time to enjoy themselves. Students are really tired of their weekend homework .So they usually don’t do their weekend homework_____Sunday night And there is not enough time but much work; students have to finish it carelessly. The____weekend homework makes teachers angry Things always get_____without right ideas. Too much school work makes students lose interest in learning It’s also bad for their health.A horse runs faster after a _____. But for students only rest is not enough. So such a condition should be ______ to give students both pleasure and knowledge. Please give students less homework but leave them more free time.1．A．day B．morning C．afternoon D．week2．A．never B．common C．glad D．hardly3．A．books B．interests C．sports D．friends4．A．busy B．pleased C．away D．tired5．A．for B．with C．though D．because6．A．until B．when C．at D．on7．A．good B．poor C．careful D．happy8．A．better B．afraid C．worse D．wonderful9．A．minute B．moment C．meal D．rest10．A．kept B．changed C．same D．different二、根据短文肉容．判断下列句子的正误。
人教版英语八年级下册Unit8-10现在完成时专项练习题及答案
人教版英语八年级下册Unit8-10现在完成时专项练习题及答案1.Both his parents look sad。
Maybe they know what'XXX.2.He has already been to Shanghai。
hasn't he?3.Have you met Mr。
Li just now?4.The famous writer has written one new book in the past two years.5.- Our country has changed a lot so far.Yes。
I hope it will be even better.6.Zhao Lan has already studied in this school for two years.7.We have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.8.Harry Potter is a very nice film。
I have seen it twice.9.- These farmers have been to the United States.Really。
When did they go?C。
How long。
cameD。
How far。
arrived10."XXX?" "Yes。
I finished it a moment ago." (n C)11.His father has been in the Party since 1978.(n D)12."Do you know him well?" "Sure。
we have been friendsfor ten years." (n B)13."How long have you been here?" "About two months." (nA)14.Hurry up。
Unit8现在完成时人教版八年级英语下册
八下 Unit 8 现在完成时（一）一、用 never,ever, already , yet填空。
1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Have you seen this film? No, I have seen it.4.Has the bus left ? Yes,it has left.5. Sally hasn't finished reading her new book .二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The young man (live)alone since he worked in Beijing.2. Miss Lee ( teach)us English since she came here three years ago.3.Lily (listen)carefully but heard nothing important.4.Shall I tell Tom the good news?No, you needn't. I (tell) him already.5. Turn off the radio,dear. The baby is sleeping.There is no need. He (wake) up.三、单项选择。
1. Today, all the erhu masters play and praise“Erquan Yingyue”.It one of China's national treasures already.A. beesB. becameC. has beeD. being2. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he yet.A. didn't arriveB. doesn't arriveC. isn't arrivingD. hasn't arrived3.China develops so fast.That's true. It a lot already.A.changesB. changedC.will changeD. has changed4. My aunt is a writer. She more than ten books since 1980.A.writesB. wroteC. has writtenD.will write5. you the movie Wolf Warrior II?Not yet. I'll see it this Sunday.A. Did; seeB.Do; seeC.Have; seenD.Will; see四、句型转换。