2018年高考江苏英语真题答案
2018年高考江苏卷英语试题及答案
2018年高考江苏卷英语试题21. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.A. whereB. whenC. whyD. how22. Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see.A. indicateB. investigateC. imitateD. innovate23. Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might25. Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map andtimetable.A. calls forB. calls onC. calls offD.calls up26. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of12,000 held bymarket analysts.A. having exceededB. to exceedC. exceededD.exceeding27. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish _______ a second chance to become moreinvolved.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD.have had28. —You know what? I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.—Oh, _______ You’re kidding.A. so what?B. go ahead.C. come on.D.what for?29. _______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after oneor two nights.A. OnceB. UnlessC. IfD.When30. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past twoyears.A. had been carried outB. would be carried outC.is being carried outD. has been carried out31. Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we _______ more convenientelectroniccommunication tools by then.A. have developedB. had developedC. will have developedD.developed32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.A. assignmentB. associationC. acquisitionD.assumption33. Chin a’s soft power grows _______ the increasing appreciation and understanding of Chinaglobally.A. in line withB. in reply toC. in return forD. inhonour of34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A. keenB. reluctantC. anxiousD. ready35. —What happened? Your boss seems to _______.—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?A. be over the moonB. laugh his head offC. be all earsD.fly off the handle第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Theirsavings had been36 to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a 37 disease. There was no 38 , only pain relief.Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a 39 journey, as they caught sight of an oldhikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery. When leavinghome, Raynor andMoth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles, with the 42 hamburger shop treat.Wild camping is 43 in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up 44and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 47 , found his symptoms were strangely 48by their daily tiring journey.49 , the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong musclesthat theythought had 50 forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes 51to a thread, but we were alive."During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, " 52 had taken every materialthing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book. It had also given me a 54 , either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.”36. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up37. A. mild B. common C. preventable D. serious38. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise39. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail40. A. expected B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising41. A. budget B. revenue C. compensation D. allowance42. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant43. A. unpopular B. lawful C. attractive D. illegal44. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly45. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier46. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled47. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research48. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D.Consequently50. A. gained B. kept C. wounded D. lost51. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed52. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing第三部分: 阅读理解(共15 小题；每小题2 分, 满分30 分)AThe Metropolitan Museum of Art1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028211-535-7710 EntrancesFifth Avenue at 82nd StreetHoursOpen 7 days a week.Sunday-Thursday 10:00-17:30Friday and Saturday 10:00-21:00Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25,January 1,andthe first Monday in May.Admission$25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters(回廊）on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult.Free with AdmissionAll special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours, concerts,gallery talks, andfamily/children's programs are free with admission.Ask about today's activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.The Cloisters Museum and GardensThe Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages. The extensivecollection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.Hours: Open 7 days a week.March-October 10:00-17:15November-February 10:00-16:45Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25,and January 1.56. How much may they pay if an 11-year-old girl and her working parents visit the museum?A. $12.B. $37.C. $ 50.D. $ 6257. The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that ________.A.it opens all the year roundB. its collections date from the Middle AgesC.it has a modern European-style gardenD.it sells excellent European glass collectionsBIn the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted(享有）a special meat soup called consomme. Although the main attraction was the soup, Roze's chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食）when their plates matched their food. When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldn't tell howmuch they'd had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiser—they didn’t feel fuller, and they were just as read y for dessert.Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants. Unlike fast-food places. fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特）.When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners out. Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草）stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending—"bad" tables, crowding. high prices — don't necessarily. Diners at bad tables — next to the kitchen door, say — spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not "be overly concerned about ‘bad' tables," given that they're profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant's reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices. And doubling a buffet's price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.58. The underlined phrase "none the wiser" in paragraph 3 most probably implies that thecustomers were .A. not aware of eating more than usualB. not willing to share food with othersC. not conscious of the food qualityD. not fond of the food provided59. How could a fine dining shop make more profit?A. playing classical music.B. Introducing lemon scent.C. Making the light brighter,D. Using plates of larger size.60. What does the last paragraph talk about?A. Tips to attract more customers.B. Problems restaurants are faced with.C. Ways to improve restaurants' reputation.D. Common misunderstandings about restaurants.CIf you want to disturb the car industry, you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统）, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC, 美国青年农会）and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industrFor example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn't touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors. developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于）farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation's farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation's food.There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can't clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.61. The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .A. the progress made in car industryB. a special feature of agricultureC. a trend of development in agricultureD. the importance of investing in car industry62. What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?A. Loans to small local farmers are necessary.B. Technology is vital for agricultural development.C. Competition between small and big farms is fierceD. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.63. What is the difficulty for those new famers?A. To gain more financial aid.B. To hire good farm managers.C. To have fans of their own.D. To win old farmers’ support.64. What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?A. Seek support beyond NYFC.B. Expand farmland conservation.C. Become members of NYFC.D. Invest more to improve technology.DChildren as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.It found many youngsters(少年）now measure their status by how much public approval they get online, often through “like”. Some change their behavior in real life to improve their image on the web.The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children's Commissioner (专员）Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friends—and friends of friends —to demand “likes” for their online posts.The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respondto social media posts quickly, and around the clock.Children aged 8 to 10 were "starting to feel happy" when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were "concerned with how many people like their posts", suggesting a “need” for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up "worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media.She said: "Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school. But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school."As their world expanded. she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that was "hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves".Miss Longfield added: "Then there is this push to connect—if you go offline, will you miss something, will you miss out, will you show that you don't care about those people you are following, all of those come together in a huge way at once.""For children it is very, very difficult to cope with emotionally." The Children's Commissioner for England's study—life in Likes—found that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.However, the research—involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12—suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.By the time they started secondary school—at age 11—children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found.However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities(名人）or more brilliant friends online. The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of theday—especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.The Children’s Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield(雷区）they faced online. And she said social media companies must also "take more responsibility". They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.Javed Khan, of children's charity Bamardo's, said: "It's vital that new compulsory age- appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.“It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.”65.Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure?A. They were not provided with adequate equipment.B. They were not well prepared for emotional risks.C. They were required to give quick responses.D. They were prevented from using mobile phones.66. Some social app companies were to blame because .A. they didn't adequately check their users' registrationB. they organized photo trips to attract more youngstersC. they encouraged youngsters to post more photosD. they didn't stop youngsters from staying up late67. Children's comparing themselves to others online may lead to .A. less friendliness to each otherB. lower self-identity and confidenceC. an increase in online cheatingD. a stronger desire to stay online68. According to Life in Likes, as children grew, they became more anxious to .A. circulate their posts quicklyB. know the qualities of their postsC. use mobile phones for playD. get more public approval69. What should parents do to solve the problem?A. Communicate more with secondary schools.B. Urge media companies to create safer apps.C. Keep track of children's use of social media.D. Forbid their children from visiting the web.70. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The influence of social media on children.B. The importance of social media to children.C. The problem in building a healthy relationship.D. The measure to reduce risks from social media.第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）How Arts Promote Our EconomyWhen most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award-winning performance in the theater. But arts groups bring broader value to our communities. The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.The arts create jobs that help develop the economy. Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists, technical experts, managers, musicians, or writers to create an appealing piece of art. These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills.Another group of folks is needed to help market the event. “If you build it they will come” is a misleading belief. Painters, digital media experts, photographers, booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event. According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition, arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors.A successful arts neighborhoods creates a ripple effect（连锁反应）throughout a community. In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the location was considered a poor area of town. After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances, jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008. Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts District.No doubt the theater has co ntributed to the area’s development and economic growth. Today, there are galleries, studios, restaurants and newly built work spaces where neighbors share experiences, where there is renewed life and energy. In this way, arts and culture also serve as a public good.Teco Theatrical Productions Inc. made use of Bloomberg’s investment of $35,000 to get nearly $400,000 in public and private sector support during the two-year period. Further, Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce $298 for every dollar the city spends on arts programming and facilities. In Philadelphia, a metro area smaller than Dallas, the arts have an economic impact of almost $3 million and support 44,000 jobs, 80 percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry, including accountants, marketers, construction workers, hotel managers, printers, and other kinds of art workers.The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported, the entire small-business community benefits.It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit. But in order to stay in business, arts groups must produce returns. If you are a student studying the arts, chances are you have been ill-advised to have a plan B. But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.1. B2. C3. C4. B5. A6. B7. A8. B9. C 10. C11. A 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. B19. C 20. A21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C29. B 30. A31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. A39. B 40. D41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. C49. B 50. D51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C56. C 57. B 58. A 59. A 60. D 61. B 62. D 63. C64. A 65. B66. A 67. B 68. D 69. C 70. A71. benefit 72. Ways 73. joint/collective 74. Promotion/marketing 75. Effect 76. fares 77. Positive 78. outside/beyond 79. statistics/data/analyses 80. Alternative。
2018高考英语试题全国卷及答案.doc
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1．What is the man going to do?A．Open the window. B．Find another room. C．Go out with the woman.2．What do we know about Peter Schmidt?A．He has lost his ticket. B．He is expecting a ticket. C．He went out to buy a ticket.3．What do we know about mother and son?A．She wants to tell him the result of the game.B．She doesn’t like him to watch TV.C．She knows which team he supports.4．What are the speakers talking about?A．Exam results. B．Time for the exam. C．Change of class hours.5．What will the woman tell the man?A．Her company’s name.B．Her new address. C．Her phone number.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）6．What is the possible relationship between the woman and the man?A．Wife and husband. B．Doctor and patient. C．Boss and secretary 7．What does the woman think about the man?A．He is not good to the children.B．He is not telling the truth.C．He sleeps too much.8．Where does the woman want to go?A．An office. B．A fruit shop. C．A police station. 9．What does the woman have to do now?A．Wait for Mark at the crossroads.B．Walk ahead and turn right.C．Walk a little way back.10．What exactly does the man want to find out?A．What people think of the bus service.B．How many people are using the bus service.C．Which group of people use the bus service most often.11．What does the woman say about the bus service?A．The distance between bus stops is too long.B．The bus timetables are full of mistakes.C．Buses are often not on time.12．Why does the woman say her husband is fortunate?A．He often goes to work in a friend’s car.B．He doesn’t need to go shopping by bus.C．He lives close to the bus station.13．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Salesperson and customerB．Old school friendsC．Fellow workers14．What do we know about the woman?A．She is fond of her work. B．She is tired of traveling. C．She is interested in law.15．What is the man?A．A company manager. B．A salesperson. C．A lawyer.16．Why does the woman ask for the man’s address?A．To send him a book.B．To get together with him.C．To repair something at his home.17．What is the aim of the program?A．To keep trainees in shape.B．To improve public relations.C．To develop leadership skills.18．Which of the following will the trainess be doing during the program?A．Attenling lectures on managementB．Preparing reports for the company.C．Making plans for a journey.19．How long will the program last?A．8 days B．12 days C．20 days.20．If people want to join the program, what should they do after the meeting?A．Take a pre-test B．Pay for the program. C．Sign on a piece of paper.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）21．Don’t be afraid of asking for help it is needed.A．unless B．since C．although D．when22．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked23．Allen had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home.A．much too heavy B．too much heavy C．heavy too much D．too heavy much24．—Sorry, Joe, I didn’t mean to…—Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr Parker to you, and you forget it!A．do B．didn’t C．did D．don’t25．If anybody calls, tell them I’m out, and ask them to their name and address.A．pass B．write C．take D．leave26．The sign reads “In case of fire, break the glass and push red button.”A．不填；a B．不填；the C．the; the D．a;a27．All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, hernervouseness .A．has grown B．is growing C．grew D．had grown28．A left luggage office is a place where bags be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A．should B．can C．must D．will29．We’re going to the bookstore in John’s car. You can come with us you can meet us there later.A．but B．and C．or D．then30．Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will fresh for several days.A．be stayed B．stay C．be staying D．have stayed31．News reports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached.A．have broken down B．have broken out C．have broken in D．have broken up32．—There’s coffee and tea: you can have .—Thanks.A．either B．each C．one D．it33．—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.—Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing.A．him B．he C．I D．me34．The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once with each other.A．they had quarreled B．they have quarreledC．have they quarreled D．had they quarreled35．—I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.— .It was her fault.A．No way B．Not possible C．No chance D．Not at all第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
2018年高考英语全国卷真题及答案
2018年高考英语全国卷真题及答案注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.What does John find difficult in learning German?A .Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.3.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talking about?A.A restaurant.B.A street.C.A dish.5.What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was interesting.C. It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2018年高考真题—— (江苏卷)+ word版含解析
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）数 学注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
参考公式： 锥体的体积，其中是锥体的底面积，是锥体的高．一、填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共计70分．请把答案填写在答题卡相应位置上．．．．．．．．． 1. 已知集合，，那么________．2. 若复数满足，其中i 是虚数单位，则的实部为________．3. 已知5位裁判给某运动员打出的分数的茎叶图如图所示，那么这5位裁判打出的分数的平均数为________．4. 一个算法的伪代码如图所示，执行此算法，最后输出的S 的值为________．5. 函数的定义域为________．6. 某兴趣小组有2名男生和3名女生，现从中任选2名学生去参加活动，则恰好选中2名女生的概率为 ________．7. 已知函数的图象关于直线对称，则的值是________．8. 在平面直角坐标系中，若双曲线的右焦点到一条渐近线的距离为，则其离心率的值是________．9. 函数满足，且在区间上， 则的值为________．10. 如图所示，正方体的棱长为2，以其所有面的中心为顶点的多面体的体积为________．11. 若函数在内有且只有一个零点，则在上的最大值与最小值的和为________． 12. 在平面直角坐标系中，A 为直线上在第一象限内的点，，以AB 为直径的圆C 与直线l 交于另一点D ．若，则点A 的横坐标为________．13. 在中，角所对的边分别为，，的平分线交于点D ，且，则的最小值为________．14. 已知集合，．将的所有元素从小到大依次排列构成一个数列．记为数列的前n 项和，则使得成立的n 的最小值为________．二、解答题：本大题共6小题，共计90分．请在答题卡指定区域．．．．．．．内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤． 15. 在平行六面体中，．此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号求证：（1）；（2）．16. 已知为锐角，，．（1）求的值；（2）求的值．17. 某农场有一块农田，如图所示，它的边界由圆O的一段圆弧（P为此圆弧的中点）和线段MN构成．已知圆O的半径为40米，点P到MN的距离为50米．现规划在此农田上修建两个温室大棚，大棚Ⅰ内的地块形状为矩形ABCD ，大棚Ⅱ内的地块形状为，要求均在线段上，均在圆弧上．设OC 与MN 所成的角为．（1）用分别表示矩形和的面积，并确定的取值范围；（2）若大棚Ⅰ内种植甲种蔬菜，大棚Ⅱ内种植乙种蔬菜，且甲、乙两种蔬菜的单位面积年产值之比为．求当为何值时，能使甲、乙两种蔬菜的年总产值最大．18. 如图，在平面直角坐标系中，椭圆C 过点，焦点，圆O的直径为．（1）求椭圆C及圆O的方程；（2）设直线l与圆O相切于第一象限内的点P．①若直线l与椭圆C有且只有一个公共点，求点P的坐标；②直线l 与椭圆C 交于两点．若的面积为，求直线l的方程．19. 记分别为函数的导函数．若存在，满足且，则称为函数与的一个“S点”．（1）证明：函数与不存在“S点”；（2）若函数与存在“S点”，求实数a的值；（3）已知函数，．对任意，判断是否存在，使函数与在区间内存在“S点”，并说明理由．20. 设是首项为，公差为d 的等差数列，是首项为，公比为q的等比数列．（1）设，若对均成立，求d的取值范围；（2）若，证明：存在，使得对均成立，并求的取值范围（用表示）．数学Ⅱ(附加题)【选做题】本题包括四小题，请选定其中两小题，并在相应的答题区域内作答．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．若多做，则按作答的前两小题评分．解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．21. [选修4—1：几何证明选讲]如图，圆O的半径为2，AB为圆O的直径，P为AB延长线上一点，过P作圆O的切线，切点为C ．若，求BC的长．22. [选修4—2：矩阵与变换]已知矩阵．（1）求的逆矩阵；（2）若点P 在矩阵对应的变换作用下得到点，求点P的坐标．23. [选修4—4：坐标系与参数方程]在极坐标系中，直线l的方程为，曲线C的方程为，求直线l被曲线C截得的弦长．24. [选修4—5：不等式选讲]若x，y，z为实数，且x+2y+2z=6，求的最小值．【必做题】两题，每题10分，共计20分．请在答题卡指定区域．．．．．．．内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．25. 如图，在正三棱柱ABC-A1B1C1中，AB=AA1=2，点P，Q分别为A1B1，BC 的中点．（1）求异面直线BP与AC1所成角的余弦值；（2）求直线CC1与平面AQC1所成角的正弦值．26. 设，对1，2，···，n的一个排列，如果当s<t 时，有，则称是排列的一个逆序，排列的所有逆序的总个数称为其逆序数．例如：对1，2，3的一个排列231，只有两个逆序(2，1)，(3，1)，则排列231的逆序数为2．记为1，2，···，n的所有排列中逆序数为k 的全部排列的个数．（1）求的值；（2）求的表达式(用n表示)．2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）数 学 答 案1.【答案】{1，8}【解析】分析：根据交集定义求结果.详解：由题设和交集的定义可知：.点睛：本题考查交集及其运算，考查基础知识，难度较小. 2.【答案】2【解析】分析：先根据复数的除法运算进行化简，再根据复数实部概念求结果. 详解：因为，则，则的实部为.点睛：本题重点考查复数相关基本概念，如复数的实部为、虚部为、模为、对应点为、共轭复数为.3.【答案】90【解析】分析：先由茎叶图得数据，再根据平均数公式求平均数.点睛：的平均数为.4.【答案】8【解析】分析：先判断是否成立，若成立，再计算，若不成立，结束循环，输出结果.详解：由伪代码可得，因为，所以结束循环，输出点睛：本题考查伪代码，考查考生的读图能力，难度较小. 5.【答案】[2，+∞）【解析】分析：根据偶次根式下被开方数非负列不等式，解对数不等式得函数定义域.详解：要使函数有意义，则，解得，即函数的定义域为.点睛：求给定函数的定义域往往需转化为解不等式（组）的问题.6.【答案】【解析】分析：先确定总基本事件数，再从中确定满足条件的基本事件数，最后根据古典概型概率公式求概率.详解：从5名学生中抽取2名学生，共有10种方法，其中恰好选中2名女生的方法有3种，因此所求概率为点睛：古典概型中基本事件数的探求方法 (1)列举法.(2)树状图法：适合于较为复杂的问题中的基本事件的探求.对于基本事件有“有序”与“无序”区别的题目，常采用树状图法.(3)列表法：适用于多元素基本事件的求解问题，通过列表把复杂的题目简单化、抽象的题目具体化.(4)排列组合法（理科）：适用于限制条件较多且元素数目较多的题目. 7.【答案】【解析】分析：由对称轴得，再根据限制范围求结果.详解：由题意可得，所以，因为，所以点睛：函数（A >0,ω>0）的性质：(1)；(2)最小正周期；(3)由求对称轴；(4)由求增区间; 由求减区间.8.【答案】2【解析】分析：先确定双曲线的焦点到渐近线的距离，再根据条件求离心率.点睛：双曲线的焦点到渐近线的距离为b ，焦点在渐近线上的射影到坐标原点的距离为a . 9.【答案】【解析】分析：先根据函数周期将自变量转化到已知区间，代入对应函数解析式求值，再代入对应函数解析式求结果.详解：由得函数的周期为4，所以因此点睛：(1)求分段函数的函数值，要先确定要求值的自变量属于哪一段区间，然后代入该段的解析式求值，当出现的形式时，应从内到外依次求值.(2)求某条件下自变量的值，先假设所求的值在分段函数定义区间的各段上，然后求出相应自变量的值，切记代入检验，看所求的自变量的此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号值是否满足相应段自变量的取值范围.10.【答案】【解析】分析：先分析组合体的构成，再确定锥体的高，最后利用锥体体积公式求结果.详解：由图可知，该多面体为两个全等正四棱锥的组合体，正四棱锥的高为1，底面正方形的边长等于，所以该多面体的体积为点睛：解决本类题目的关键是准确理解几何体的定义，真正把握几何体的结构特征，可以根据条件构建几何模型，在几何模型中进行判断；求一些不规则几何体的体积时，常用割补法转化成已知体积公式的几何体进行解决．11.【答案】–3【解析】分析：先结合三次函数图象确定在上有且仅有一个零点的条件，求出参数a ,再根据单调性确定函数最值，即得结果.详解：由得，因为函数在上有且仅有一个零点且，所以，因此从而函数在上单调递增，在上单调递减，所以，点睛：对于函数零点个数问题，可利用函数的单调性、草图确定其中参数取值条件．从图象的最高点、最低点，分析函数的最值、极值；从图象的对称性，分析函数的奇偶性；从图象的走向趋势，分析函数的单调性、周期性等．12.【答案】3【解析】分析：先根据条件确定圆方程，再利用方程组解出交点坐标，最后根据平面向量的数量积求结果.详解：设，则由圆心为中点得易得，与联立解得点D 的横坐标所以.所以，由得或，因为，所以点睛：以向量为载体求相关变量的取值或范围，是向量与函数、不等式、三角函数、曲线方程等相结合的一类综合问题.通过向量的坐标运算，将问题转化为解方程或解不等式或求函数值域，是解决这类问题的一般方法.13.【答案】9【解析】分析：先根据三角形面积公式得条件、再利用基本不等式求最值.详解：由题意可知，,由角平分线性质和三角形面积公式得，化简得，因此当且仅当时取等号，则的最小值为.点睛：在利用基本不等式求最值时，要特别注意“拆、拼、凑”等技巧，使其满足基本不等式中“正”(即条件要求中字母为正数)、“定”(不等式的另一边必须为定值)、“等”(等号取得的条件)的条件才能应用，否则会出现错误.14.【答案】27【解析】分析：先根据等差数列以及等比数列的求和公式确定满足条件的项数的取值范围，再列不等式求满足条件的项数的最小值.详解：设，则由得所以只需研究是否有满足条件的解，此时，，为等差数列项数，且.由得满足条件的最小值为.点睛：本题采用分组转化法求和，将原数列转化为一个等差数列与一个等比数列的和.分组转化法求和的常见类型主要有分段型（如），符号型（如），周期型（如）.15.【答案】答案见解析【解析】分析：（1）先根据平行六面体得线线平行，再根据线面平行判定定理得结论；（2）先根据条件得菱形ABB1A1，再根据菱形对角线相互垂直，以及已知垂直条件，利用线面垂直判定定理得线面垂直，最后根据面面垂直判定定理得结论.详解：证明：（1）在平行六面体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中，AB∥A1B1．因为AB平面A1B1C，A1B1平面A1B1C，所以AB∥平面A1B1C．（2）在平行六面体ABCD-A1B1C1D1中，四边形ABB1A1为平行四边形．又因为AA1=AB，所以四边形ABB1A1为菱形，因此AB1⊥A1B．又因为AB1⊥B1C1，BC∥B1C1，所以AB1⊥BC．又因为A1B∩BC=B，A1B平面A1BC，BC平面A1BC，所以AB1⊥平面A1BC．因为AB1平面ABB1A1，所以平面ABB1A1⊥平面A1BC．点睛：本题可能会出现对常见几何体的结构不熟悉导致几何体中的位置关系无法得到运用或者运用错误，如柱体的概念中包含“两个底面是全等的多边形，且对应边互相平行，侧面都是平行四边形”，再如菱形对角线互相垂直的条件，这些条件在解题中都是已知条件，缺少对这些条件的应用可导致无法证明.16.【答案】（1）（2）【解析】分析：先根据同角三角函数关系得，再根据二倍角余弦公式得结果；（2）先根据二倍角正切公式得，再利用两角差的正切公式得结果.详解：解：（1）因为，，所以．因为，所以，因此，．（2）因为为锐角，所以．又因为，所以，因此．因为，所以，因此，．点睛：应用三角公式解决问题的三个变换角度(1)变角：目的是沟通题设条件与结论中所涉及的角，其手法通常是“配凑”.(2)变名：通过变换函数名称达到减少函数种类的目的，其手法通常有“切化弦”、“升幂与降幂”等.(3)变式：根据式子的结构特征进行变形，使其更贴近某个公式或某个期待的目标，其手法通常有：“常值代换”、“逆用变用公式”、“通分约分”、“分解与组合”、“配方与平方”等.17.【答案】（1）矩形ABCD的面积为800（4sinθcosθ+cosθ）平方米，△CDP的面积为1600（cosθ–sinθcos θ），sinθ的取值范围是[，1）．（2）当θ=时，能使甲、乙两种蔬菜的年总产值最大【解析】分析：（1）先根据条件求矩形长与宽，三角形的底与高，再根据矩形面积公式以及三角形面积公式得结果，最后根据实际意义确定的取值范围；（2）根据条件列函数关系式，利用导数求极值点，再根据单调性确定函数最值取法.详解：解：（1）连结PO并延长交MN于H，则PH⊥MN，所以OH=10．过O作OE⊥BC于E，则OE∥MN，所以∠COE=θ，故OE=40cosθ，EC=40sinθ，则矩形ABCD的面积为2×40cosθ（40sinθ+10）=800（4sinθcosθ+cosθ），△CDP的面积为×2×40cosθ（40–40sinθ）=1600（cosθ–sinθcosθ）．过N作GN⊥MN，分别交圆弧和OE的延长线于G 和K，则GK=KN=10．令∠GOK =θ0，则sinθ0=，θ0∈（0，）．当θ∈[θ0，）时，才能作出满足条件的矩形ABCD，所以sinθ的取值范围是[，1）．答：矩形ABCD的面积为800（4sinθcosθ+cosθ）平方米，△CDP的面积为1600（cosθ–sinθcosθ），sinθ的取值范围是[，1）．（2）因为甲、乙两种蔬菜的单位面积年产值之比为4∶3，设甲的单位面积的年产值为4k，乙的单位面积的年产值为3k（k>0），则年总产值为4k×800（4sinθcosθ+cosθ）+3k×1600（cosθ–sinθcosθ）=8000k（sinθcosθ+cosθ），θ∈[θ0，）．设f（θ）= sinθcos θ+cosθ，θ∈[θ0，），则．令，得θ=，当θ∈（θ0，）时，，所以f（θ）为增函数；当θ∈（，）时，，所以f（θ）为减函数，因此，当θ=时，f（θ）取到最大值．答：当θ=时，能使甲、乙两种蔬菜的年总产值最大．点睛：解决实际应用题的步骤一般有两步：一是将实际问题转化为数学问题；二是利用数学内部的知识解决问题.18.【答案】（1）椭圆C的方程为；圆O的方程为（2）①点P 的坐标为；②直线l的方程为【解析】分析：（1）根据条件易得圆的半径，即得圆的标准方程，再根据点在椭圆上，解方程组可得a ,b ，即得椭圆方程；（2）第一问先根据直线与圆相切得一方程，再根据直线与椭圆相切得另一方程，解方程组可得切点坐标.第二问先根据三角形面积得三角形底边边长，再结合①中方程组，利用求根公式以及两点间距离公式，列方程，解得切点坐标，即得直线方程.详解：解：（1）因为椭圆C的焦点为，可设椭圆C 的方程为．又点在椭圆C上，所以，解得因此，椭圆C 的方程为．因为圆O的直径为，所以其方程为．（2）①设直线l与圆O 相切于，则，所以直线l的方程为，即．由，消去y，得．（*）因为直线l与椭圆C有且只有一个公共点，所以．因为，所以．因此，点P的坐标为．②因为三角形OAB的面积为，所以，从而．设，由（*）得，所以．因为，所以，即，解得舍去），则，因此P的坐标为．综上，直线l的方程为．点睛：直线与椭圆的交点问题的处理一般有两种处理方法：一是设出点的坐标，运用“设而不求”思想求解；二是设出直线方程，与椭圆方程联立，利用韦达定理求出交点坐标，适用于已知直线与椭圆的一个交点的情况.19.【答案】（1）证明见解析（2）a的值为（3）对任意a>0，存在b>0，使函数f（x）与g（x）在区间（0，+∞）内存在“S点”．【解析】分析：（1）根据题中“S点”的定义列两个方程，根据方程组无解证得结论；（2）同（1）根据“S点”的定义列两个方程，解方程组可得a的值；（3）通过构造函数以及结合“S点”的定义列两个方程，再判断方程组是否有解即可证得结论.详解：解：（1）函数f（x）=x，g（x）=x2+2x-2，则f′（x）=1，g′（x）=2x+2．由f（x）=g（x）且f′（x）= g′（x ），得，此方程组无解，因此，f（x）与g（x）不存在“S”点．（2）函数，，则．设x0为f（x）与g（x）的“S”点，由f（x 0）与g（x0）且f ′（x 0）与g′（x0），得，即，（*）得，即，则．当时，满足方程组（*），即为f （x）与g（x）的“S”点．因此，a 的值为．（3）对任意a>0，设．因为，且h（x）的图象是不间断的，所以存在∈（0，1），使得，令，则b>0．函数，则．由f（x）与g （x）且f′（x）与g′（x），得，即（**）此时，满足方程组（**），即是函数f（x）与g（x）在区间（0，1）内的一个“S点”．因此，对任意a>0，存在b>0，使函数f（x）与g（x）在区间（0，+∞）内存在“S点”．点睛：涉及函数的零点问题、方程解的个数问题、函数图象交点个数问题，一般先通过导数研究函数的单调性、最大值、最小值、变化趋势等，再借助函数的大致图象判断零点、方程根、交点的情况，归根到底还是研究函数的性质，如单调性、极值，然后通过数形结合的思想找到解题的思路.20.【答案】（1）d的取值范围为．（2）d的取值范围为，证明见解析。
2018年江苏高考英语试题及参考答案
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。
1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B.Give a talk.C.Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.She's generour.B.She's curious.C.She's helpful.3.When does the train leave?A.At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.4.How does the woman go to work?A.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
2018年英语高考全国卷二(含答案)
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2。
作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍.例:How much is the shirt?A。
￡19.15。
B。
￡9。
18. C。
￡9.15。
1。
What does John find difficult in learning German?A。
Pronunciation。
B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.2。
What is the probable relationship between the speakers？A. Colleagues. B。
Brother and sister. C。
Teacher and student.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A。
In a bank. B. At a ticket office。
C。
On a train.4。
What are the speakers talking about?A。
A restaurant. B. A street. C. A dish.5。
What does the woman think of her interview?A. It was tough.B. It was interesting. C。
【高三英语试题精选】2018江苏高考英语专题三阅读理解第二步真题演练1(带答案和解释)
2018江苏高考英语专题三阅读理解第二步真题演练1（带答案和解释）真题演练(一) [backed fairy wren，another species of Australian songbirdFirst they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and after hatchingThen they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notesA puter analysis blindly pared calls produced by mothers and chicks，ranking them by similarityIt turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their momsAnd the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs，the more similar were the babies’ begging callsIn addition，the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom’s voice were rewarded with the most foodThis observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的) strengths of children to parentsAn evolutionary inference can then be drawn“As a parent，do you invest in quality children，or do you invest in children that are in need？” Kleindorfer asks”Our results sugge st that they might be going for quality”语篇解读这是一篇科普类的说明。
2018年江苏省高考英语试卷(附答案解析)
10.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan in the past two years.
A.had been carried outB.would be carried out
D.missing
第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的
17.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a (4) journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers1(徒步旅行者)guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and (5 ) recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just £ 320 in the bank. They planned to keep the (6) low by living on boiled noodles, with the (7) hamburger shop treat.
A.keenB.reluctantC.anxiousD.ready
15.—What happened? Your boss seems to.
—Didn*t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?
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2018年高考江苏省
英语试题参考答案
第一部分（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）
1.B
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. A
2.6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C
11.A 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
20. A 19. C 16. B 17. C 18. B 12.
35分）第二部分（共35小题；每小题1分，共25. A
D 22. C 23. B 24. B 21.30. A 26. D 27. A
28. C 29. B 22.
33. A 34. B 35. D 31.C 32. D
40. D
39. B 32.36. B 37. D 38. A
45. A 43. D 41.A 42. B 44. C
47. A 48. C 50. D 49. B 42.46. C
55. C
54. A 51.C 52. D 53. B
分，共230分）第三部分（共15小题；每小题56.C 57.
B 58. A 60. D 59. A
65. B 63. C 64. A 57. 61. B 62. D
70. A
A 66.69. C 68. D 67. B
1
第四部分（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
71. benefit 72. Ways 73. joint/collective 74.
75. Effect Promotion/marketing
76. fares 77. Positive 78. outside/beyond
79. statistics/data/analyses 80. Alternative
分）第五部分（满分25Possible version one:
As a major channel of consumption information, the rating is an
efficient source of information for shopping in our own consumption.
Interestingly, the same rating may have different influences on different
consumers.
I tend to consult consumption ratings whatever I purchase. Firstly, the
higher rating means the higher quality of the product, or better service.
Based on the ratings, I bought my beloved backpack, saw interesting films
and tasted delicious foods. Secondly, ratings can save time to make
decisions in shopping. For example, there are huge amounts of reference
books which I am often confused to choose from. In that case, it is both
convenient and economical to buy books according to the ratings.
2
There is no doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in
consumption. The advantages and disadvantages of ratings are often closely
related. It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards
ratings.
Possible version two:
Nowadays, most commodities or services are rated through certain
channels. These ratings, easy to access, are playing an increasingly
important role in customers' purchase decision.
However, results are sometimes unsatisfactory.
There is no denying that such ratings might bring convenience to
consumers, but they are often misleading and unreliable. As we all know,
most of the ratings are based on others' judgment on the product or service
concerned.
Every judgment comes from a specific need or a unique psychological state.
Apparently, blindly following others' advice will affect our own
judgment.
Another fact should not be neglected that some of the ratings are the
outcome of a careful manipulation of companies or sellers. It has become a
common practice for some to pay for good ratings on their products or
services so as to increase their sales.
3
Therefore, we should give a second thought to these ratings whenever we
go shopping.
4。