医学英语教程华仲乐课后答案
医学英语练习答案及译文 (5-8)
Key to Exercises and Chinese Translation of Texts （5-8）《实用医学英语教程》练习答案与课文参考译文Unit 5 The Respiratory SystemPart OneSituational Dialoguesabdominal; hurt ; temperature; urine; ultrasound; intravenousPart TwoText AI. Text Comprehension1.The narrowest airways are one fiftieth of an inch across.2.Because it shares space with the heart in the left side of the chest.3.They look like bunches of grapes.4.The bony cage is formed by the breastbone (sternum), ribs, and spine.5.The walls of the alveoli and of the surrounding capillaries are only one cell thick and are invery close contact with each other. Oxygen passes easily through the thin walls of the alveoli and into the blood in the capillaries.II. Vocabulary1. D2. A3. B4. C5. DText BI．Text Comprehension1.Emphysema is characterized by irreversible changes, whereby the elastic properties of thelings, particularly of the alveoli, are reduced.2.Air pollution, heavy cigarette smoking and conditions that result in severe scarring of thelungs, such as silicosis and chronic bronchitis.3.Exhaling.4.Because of the difficulty in removing secretions by coughing, mucous secretions build up,become thicker, and are even more difficult to expel. Most of these patients breathe through the mouth, which further contributes to the drying of secretions and the creation of hard, thick plugs of mucus.5.Because the circulatory and respiratory systems are totally dependent on each other.II. Word Formation1.牙槽切开术粘蛋白酶牙槽牙的粘液囊肿牙槽突点粘性细胞牙槽炎粘蛋白原牙槽鼻的粘液性结肠炎2. 胃镜检查子宫镜检查喉镜检查胸腔镜检查X线检查眼底镜检查3. X线照相术X线学家X线学X线治疗X线量测定器X线病III. Translation1.Air pollution plays a role in then cause of the rapid growth of the emphysematous patients.2.Emphysema, which is a respiratory disease, is like chronic bronchitis in many ways.3.Emphysema plays a definite role in the cor pulmonate because the circulatory and respiratorysystems are so totally dependent on each other.4.Emphysematous patients have to bring the muscles of the neck and shoulders into play in aneffort to breathe.5. As the disease progresses, emphysematous patients have to force the more air trapped in thelungs out.Part ThreeWriting SkillsI. Combine the sentences according to the model.Group 1Many of the reflexes, which make it possible for the human being to adjust himself to the environment, begin as sensory impulses from the skin.Group 2These cells live a much shorter time than most other cells of the body, some of which last a life time.Group 3If protoplasm could not reproduce, a man might eventually be without the outer layer of his skin. The cells of which must continuously be replaced as a result of constant shedding.Group 4The latter test emphasizes that the peripheral airways are "silent" zones, where considerable airway disease and obstruction may exist without signs or symptoms.II. Choose the proper transition to complete each sentence.1) Furthermore, 2) In summary, 3) however, 4) as a resultIII. Make the following parallel:1) Usually, the presence of fever is due to an infection, though there can be many other causes,such as malignancies, brain injuries, toxic reactions and reactions to vaccines, and diseases involving the central nervous system may cause fever.2) Repeated hemorrhages from piles (hemorrhoids), excessive menstrual flow, and various types of ulceration in the stomach or bowel may be causes of chronic bleeding.3) Three kinds of pulmonary complications are well-recognized: influenza viral pneumonia,secondary bacterial pneumonia, and mixed viral and bacterial pneumonia.参考译文：呼吸系统呼吸系统从鼻子和嘴开始,延续到航空公司到肺部,在那里外界的氧气与人体组织呼出的二氧化碳进行交换。
大学医用英语教材答案
大学医用英语教材答案Introduction本文将提供大学医学英语教材的答案，以帮助学生更好地学习和理解相关知识。
以下是对每一章节的问题的详细解答。
Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical Terminology1. What is medical terminology?Medical terminology refers to the specialized language used by healthcare professionals to communicate effectively and accurately in the field of medicine. It consists of specific medical terms, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms.2. What are the basic components of a medical term?A medical term usually consists of one or more word parts, including a root word, prefix, suffix, or combining form. The root word provides the essential meaning of the term, while the prefix and suffix modify or describe the root word. Combining forms are created when a word root is combined with a vowel.3. How are medical terms commonly formed?Medical terms are often formed through a combination of word parts. For example, "gastritis" is formed by combining "gastr-" (root word for stomach) and "-itis" (suffix for inflammation).Chapter 2: Body Systems and Functions1. Describe the respiratory system and its functions.The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the external environment. It includes the nose, throat, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Functions of the respiratory system include breathing, gas exchange, and maintaining the body's acid-base balance.2. Explain the functions of the cardiovascular system.The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Its main functions include transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. It also plays a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure and regulating body temperature.Chapter 3: Common Medical Conditions1. What is hypertension?Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a medical condition characterized by elevated blood pressure levels. It is often associated with lifestyle factors, such as diet and physical activity, and can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Treatment may include lifestyle changes and medication.2. Define diabetes mellitus.Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. It occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or does not effectively use the insulin it produces. Common symptomsinclude frequent urination, excessive thirst, and unexplained weight loss. Management of diabetes includes dietary changes, exercise, and medication.Chapter 4: Medical Procedures and Treatments1. What is a CT scan?A CT scan, short for computed tomography scan, is a medical imaging technique that uses X-rays and computer processing to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor various health conditions, such as internal injuries, tumors, and infections.2. Explain the procedure of a cardiac catheterization.Cardiac catheterization is a procedure used to diagnose and treat heart-related conditions. A thin tube called a catheter is inserted into a blood vessel through a small incision, usually in the arm or groin. The catheter is then guided to the heart, where various tests and interventions can be performed, such as measuring blood pressure, injecting contrast dye, or conducting angioplasty.Conclusion本文提供了大学医学英语教材的答案，涵盖了医学术语、人体系统与功能、常见疾病以及医疗程序和治疗等内容。
医学英语新教程-习题参考答案Unit 2
Unit TwoBody Temperature and MetabolismSection A1—f 2—j 3—i 4—a 5—b6—h 7—c 8—d 9—e 10—gSection BPassage 1I. Reading Comprehension1.What is the normal range of human body temperature?96.5-99.5ºF (36-38ºC)2.Describe the pathways of heat loss through the skin.Since the skin covers the body, most body heat is lost from the skin to the environment. The arterioles in the dermis may constrict or dilate to decrease or increase blood flow, thereby decreasing heat loss or increasing loss of heat to the environment. The other mechanism by which heat is lost from the skin is sweating.Small amounts of heat are also lost in what is called “insensible water loss”3.Explain why the hypothalamus is called the thermostat of the body.The hypothalamus is responsible for the regulation of body temperature, and is considered the “thermostat” of the body. As the thermostat, the hypothalamus maintains the “setting” of body temperature by balancing heat production and heat loss to keep the body at the set temperature.4.Explain what is meant by metabolic rate and kilocalorie.Metabolic rate is usually expressed as an amount of heat production. The energy available from food is measured in kilocalories (kcal). Kilocalories are also the units used to measure the energy expended by the body.5—B 6—D 7—A 8—B 9—A 10—DII. Vocabulary StudyPart A1—Vasodilation 2—metabolism 3—Anabolism 4—neurons 5—dehydration 6—hemoglobin 7—catabolism 8—thyroxine9—digestive 10—peristalsisPart B1—Transferring 2—saturate 3—fluctuate 4—evaporate5—radiation 6—encompass 7—humidity 8—generate9—convection 10—disperseIII. TranslationPart A1.At either end of the age spectrum, however, temperature regulation may not be asprecise as it is in older children or younger adults.然而，在年龄段两端的人群，其体温调节精确程度都不如少年或青年人。
医学英语新教程-习题参考答案Unit7
医学英语新教程-习题参考答案Unit7Unit SevenThe Respiratory SystemSection A1—c 2—g 3—h 4—b 5—i6—a 7—f 8—e 9—j 10—dSection BPassage 11.What’s the definition of bronchiectasis?Bronchiectasis is defined by the presence of permanent and abnormal dilation of the bronchi.This usually occurs in the context of chronic airway infection causing inflammation.2.What are the three main phenotypes of bronchiectasis categorized by Reid?Reid categorized bronchiectasis as having three main phenotypes: (1) tubular characterized by smooth dilation of the bronchi; (2) varicose in which the bronchi are dilated with multiple indentations; and (3) cystic in which dilated bronchi terminate in blind ending sacs.3.In which period does bronchiectasis commence as has been most commonly described?Bronchiectasis has most commonly been described as commencing in childhood, particularly in the first five years of life, with chronic productive cough and unresolved infection.4.What are the tendencies of patients with COPD and bronchiectasis, when compared to otherbronchiectasis subjects?Patients with COPD and bronchiectasis tend to have moredyspnea, worse lungfunction, and a lack of upper airway involvement when compared to otherbronchiectasis subjects.5.How has it been realized that bronchiectasis remains a common and important cause ofrespiratory disease?With the widespread availability of HRCT it has been realized that bronchiectasis remains a common and important cause of respiratory disease.6—C 7—D 8—B 9—A 10—AII. Vocabulary StudyPart A1—causative 2—heterogeneous 3—Fibrosis 4—susceptibility 5—Bronchiectasis 6—Dyskinesia 7—colonization 8—Mucociliary9—pneumonia 10—deteriorationPart B1—progressive 2—commence 3—categorize 4—infiltration 5—definitive 6—persistent 7—overlap 8—consecutive9—prominent 10—prevalenceIII.TranslationPart A1.It has been estimated that there are at least 110,000 adults in the United Stateswith this condition. In addition, there is overlap with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with two studies reporting an incidence of bronchiectasis in COPD as being 29% and 50%, respectively.据估计,美国至少有11万成年人患有支气管扩张。
中医英语课后答案1、2、5、7练习答案
第一课一．术语翻译1. tradit ional Chines e medici ne; TCM2. basictheory of tradit ional Chines e medici ne3. clinic al experi ence4. treatm ent basedon syndro me differ entia tion5. miscel laneo us diseas es6. Chines e pharma cy7. four proper tiesand five tastes8. acupun cture and moxibu stion; acumox9. classi cal Chines e philos ophy10. sweati ng therap y; diapho resis11. purgat ion12. vomiti ng therap y; emetic therap y13. the School of Reinfo rcing the Earth14. etiolo gy15. prescr iptio n; formul a16. medica l practi ce17. therap eutic princi ples18. herbscold and cool in nature19. nouris hingyin and reduci ng fire20. diseas es caused by bloodstagna tion二．句子翻译1. TCM has a histor y of thousa nds of yearsand is a summar y of the Chines e people’s experi encein theirstrugg le agains t diseas es.2. TCM has a unique and integr atedtheore tical system.3. TCM is a scienc e that studie s the rulesof life as well as the occurr ence,progre ss, preven tionand treatm ent of diseas es.4. Yellow Empero r’s Canonof Medici ne has laid a solidfounda tionfor the format ion of theore tical system of tradit ional Chines e medici ne.5. Classi c of Diffic ultie s has supple mente d what was unaddr essed in the Yellow Empero r’s Canonof Medici ne in many respec ts, especi allyin pulselore.6. Discus sionon the Causes and Sympto ms of Variou s Diseas es is the earlie st extant monogr aph on the causes and sympto ms of diseas es in China.7. Yang is usuall y excess ive whileyin is freque ntlydefici ent.8. Intern al impair mentof the spleen and stomac h causes variou s diseas es.9. Compen diumof Materi a Medica is recogn izedas a monume ntalwork in the histor y of Chines e materi a medica and a greatcontri butio n to the develo pment of pharma colog y in the world.10. Tradit ional Chines e materi a medica includ es not only medici nal herbs,but also minera ls and animal parts.11. In the Jin and Yuan Dynast ies, thereappear ed the so-called four greatmedica l school s.12. ZhangCongzh eng believ ed that all diseas es were caused by exogen ous pathog enicfactor s and advoca ted that pathog enicfactor s should be driven out by meansof diapho resis, emesis and purgat ion.13. Liu Wansubeliev ed that “fire-heat” was the main causeof a variet y of diseas es and that thesediseas es should should be treate d with drugscold and cool in nature.14. Li Gao held that “intern al impair mentof the spleen and stomac h wouldbringaboutdiseas es” and emphas izedthat the most import ant thingin clinic al treatm ent was to warm and invigo ratethe spleen and stomac h.15. Zhu Danxibeliev ed that “yang is usua ll y excess ive whileyin is freque ntlydefici ent” and advoca ted the remedi es of nouris hingyin and reduci ng fire in treatm ent of diseas es.16. Studyon Warm Diseas e is a clinic al specia lty focusi ng on the occurr ence, progre ss, diagno sis and treatm ent of warm diseas es.17. The School of Warm Diseas e has develo ped the rulesof treatm ent of warm diseas e basedon syndro me differ entia tionin lightof defens ive phase, qi phase,nutrit ive phase, bloodphaseand triple energi zer.18. Wang Qingre n in the late Qing Dynast y correc ted mistak es aboutanatom y made in ancien t medica l booksand advoca ted the theory that diseas es were caused by bloodstagna tion.19. Integr atedtradit ional Chines e and Wester n medici ne has paveda new way for the develo pment and modern izati on of tradit ional Chines e medici ne.20. Greatprogre ss has been made in system aticand experi menta l studyof the basictheory of tradit ional Chines e medici ne.第二课一．术语翻译1. five zang-organs; five zang-viscer a2. six fu-organs3. system of meridi ans and collat erals4. holism5. organi c wholen ss6. social attrib ute7. (of the five zang-organs) open into8. sprout, grow, transf orm, ripenand store9. diagno stics10. relati onshi p betwee n pathog enicfactor s and health y qi11. therap eutic s12. common cold due to wind and cold13. differ ent therap eutic method s used to treatthe same diseas e14. the same therap eutic method used to treatdiffer ent diseas es15. balanc e of watermetabo lism16. cleari ng away heartfire17. nature of diseas e18. treati ng the left side for curing diseas es locate d on the rightside19. drawin g yang from yin20. treati ng the lowerpart for curing diseas es locate d on the upperpart 二．句子翻译1. The theore tical system of TCM is mainly charac teriz ed by holism and treatm ent basedon syndro me differ entia tion.2. TCM believ es that the humanbody is an organi c whole.3. The consti tuent partsof the humanbody are interd epend ent in physio logyand mutual ly influe ntial in pathol ogy.4. The holism permea tes throug h the physio logy, pathol ogy, diagno sis, syndro me differ entia tionand treatm ent of diseas es.5. Change s in the natura l worlddirect ly or indire ctlyinflue nce the humanbody.6. Qi and bloodin the humanbody tend to flow to the exteri or in spring and summer and to the interi or in autumn and winter.7. The heartopensinto the tongue and is intern allyand extern allyrelate d to the smallintest ine.8. TCM has notice d that the fact that social activi ty psycho logic allyinflue nceshumanbeings.9. Accord ing to TCM, the body and spirit coexis t, intera cting with each otherand influe ncing each other.10. Yang qi in the humanbody tendsto flow to the exteri or in the daytim e and to the interi or at night.11. Region al differ ences, to some extent, influe ncesthe physio logic al activi tiesof the humanbody.12. Syndro me is a genera lizat ion of pathol ogica l change s at a certai n stageduring the course of a diseas e.13. Treatm ent basedon syndro me differ entia tion,one of the charac teris ticsof TCM, is the basicprinci ple in TCM for unders tandi ng and treati ng diseas es.14. Syndro me includ es the locati on, causeand nature of a diseas e as well as the stateof pathog enicfactor s and health y qi.15. Differ entia tionof syndro me and treatm ent of diseas e are two insepa rable aspect s in diagno singand treati ng diseas es.16. Clinic allydoctor s pay greatattent ion to the differ entia tionof diseas es. But therap eutic allythey care more aboutthe differ entia tionof syndro mes becaus e diseas es can be curedby treati ng syndro mes.17. Syndro me can compre hensi velyand accura telyreveal the nature of a diseas e.18. Differ ent diseas es may demons trate the same syndro me becaus e of the simila rityin pathog enesi s.19. If the syndro me of middle qi sinkin g appear s in two differ ent diseas es, they all can be treate d by the therap eutic method for elevat ing middle qi.20. The treatm ent of diseas es in TCM does not only simply concen trate on the differ enceor simila rityof diseas es, but on the differ enceor simila rityof pathog enesi s.第五课一．术语翻译1. 藏象学说 doctri ne of viscer al manife stati ons2. 五脏六腑 five zang-organs and six fu-organs3. 奇恒之腑 extrao rdina ry fu-organs水谷精微 nutrie nts of waterand food传化水谷 transm ittin g and transf ormin g waterand food贮藏精气 storin g essenc e表里关系 intern al and extern al relati onshi p治疗效应 therap eutic effect s临床实践 clinic al practi ce藏而不泻 storag e withou t discha rge泻而不藏 discha rge withou t storag e形体诸窍 physic al buildand variou s orific es开窍(of five zang-organs) open into精神情志 spirit and emotio ns心藏神 the heartstorin g spirit肺藏魄 the lung storin g corpor eal soul肝藏魂 the liverstorin g ethere al soul脾藏意 the spleen storin g consci ousne ss肾藏志 the kidney storin g will其华在面 the luster manife sting upon the face二．句子翻译1. 藏象学说是研究人体各个脏腑的生理功能、病理变化及相互关系的学说。
医学英语新教程-习题参考答案Unit 5
Unit FiveStress and DiseasesSection A1—c 2—f 3—j 4—a 5—h6—d 7—b 8—i 9—e 10—gSection BPassage 1I. Reading Comprehension1.Describe the general changes that occur when the body is subjected to stress.The blood sugar level rises, providing an additional energy supply needed for repair of the damaged tissue. The injured site becomes inflamed due to the increased blood flow to the area. The neutrophil count increases, enabling the phagocytic cells to engulf foreign matter and cellular debris.2.How does the body counteract the effect of shock due to blood loss?The response of the body to this stress is to increase blood pressure. Specialized neural receptors sense the low pressure, and through a neural mechanism, which will be explained, the blood pressure increases. The kidneys, sensing the reduced blood pressure due to the loss of blood, release a substance called renin that aids in restoring proper pressure. The adrenal glands are stimulated to release adrenalin, which also increases blood pressure and heart activity.3.What is the role of the hypothalamus in responding to stress?Signals of an alarm reaction are sent to the hypothalamus, which in turn sends releasing factors to the pituitary gland. The pituitary secretes ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and thyrotropin, which stimulate the thyroid gland and the adrenal cortex to release thyroxine and the corticosteroids.4.What is the action of cortisol and related steroids?Cortisol, a glucocorticoid, is anti-inflammatory and inhibits unnecessary defense reactions.5.How can stress predispose to tuberculosis?An excess of anti-inflammatory hormones produced during stress can actually cause the spread of an infection by weakening the barricade around infectious organisms. Stress can be a predisposing factor in the spread of tuberculosis for this reason. Tubercle bacilli can be held at bay until excessive cortisol is circulated.6.How are peptic ulcers related to stress?Peptic ulcers are a prime example of a stress-related disease. The ulcer patient is frequently nervous, prone to worry, and very conscientious. Prolonged physiologic or psychological stress triggers the alarm reaction, and gastric secretion, which is high in digestive enzymes and acidity, is increased.7—D 8—B 9—D 10—AII. Vocabulary StudyPart A1—inflammation 2—hypersensitivity 3—homeostasis 4—pathogen 5—hypertension 6—constriction 7—constipation 8—infection 9—perspiration 10—migrainePart B1—maintenance 2—aggravate 3—conscientious 4—predispose 5—intensity 6—altitude 7—precipitate 8—retain 9—compulsive 10—barricadeIII. TranslationPart A1.The body is constantly striving to maintain a constant internal environment in themidst of ever-changing conditions.身体在持续变化的条件下努力维持内环境的恒定。
医学英语综合教程第三版课后答案physiology
医学英语综合教程第三版课后答案physiology1、There are sixty _______ in an hour. [单选题] *A. hoursB. daysC. minutes(正确答案)D. seconds2、A modern city has sprung up in _____was a waste land ten years ago. [单选题] *A.whichB.what(正确答案)C.thatD.where3、( ). The old man enjoys ______ stamps. And now he has1300 of them [单选题] *A. collectB. collectedC. collecting(正确答案)D. to collect4、—Is this ______ football, boy? —No, it is not ______.（）[单选题] *A. yours; myB. your; mine(正确答案)C. your; meD. yours; mine5、By the end of this month, all this _____. [单选题] *A. is changedB．will changeC. will have changed(正确答案)D. has changed6、Nearly two thousand years have passed _____ the Chinese first invented the compass. [单选题] *A. whenB. beforeC. since(正确答案)D. after7、82．—Is there a bookshop near here?—Yes. Walk ________ the road for five minutes and you'll see one near a big tree. [单选题] *A．toB．along(正确答案)C．ofD．about8、Many of my classmates are working _______volunteers. [单选题] *A. as(正确答案)B. toC. atD. like9、—Why is Mary asking Bob about the school trip? —Because she wants to know ______.（）[单选题] *A. how does he think of the tripB. what does he think of the tripC. what he likes the tripD. how he likes the trip(正确答案)10、The bookshop is far away. You’d better _______. [单选题] *A. by the busB. by busC. take busD. take?the bus(正确答案)11、Alice hopes to _______ more friends at her new school. [单选题] *A. visitB. make(正确答案)C. missD. take12、Her （）for writing was that she wished women to get the right to higher education. [单选题] *A. motivation(正确答案)B. motivateC. effectD. concentration13、I’m sorry there are ______ apples in the fridge. You must go and buy some right now.（）[单选题] *A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few(正确答案)14、Allen is looking forward to _______ his American partner at the trade fair. [单选题] *A. meetB. meeting(正确答案)C. be meetingD. having meeting15、13．—Will you come to my party?—I am not ________ . [单选题] *A．mindB．sure(正确答案)C．happyD．Sorry16、They may not be very exciting, but you can expect ______ a lot from them.（）[单选题] *A. to learn(正确答案)B. learnC. learningD. learned17、22．______ is convenient to travel between Pudong and Puxi now. [单选题] *A．It(正确答案)B．ThisC．ThatD．What18、There is something wrong with my teeth. I’ve had?a _______. [单选题] *A. toothache(正确答案)B. headacheC. stomachacheD. heartache19、_____he was seriously ill, I wouldn’t have told him the truth. [单选题] *A.If I knewB.Had I known(正确答案)C.Did I knowD.Were I known20、Can you tell me how the accident _______? [单选题] *A. came about(正确答案)B. came backC. came downD. came from21、Sitting at the back of the room（）a very shy girl with two bright eyes. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. hasD. there was22、What do you think of the idea that _____ honest man who married and brought up a large family did more service than he who continued single and only talked of _____ population. [单选题] *A. a, /B. an, /C. a, theD. an, the(正确答案)23、My friend and classmate Selina（)running in her spare time. [单选题] *A.likeB. likes (正确答案)C. is likedD. is liking24、Both Mary and Linda don't care for fish. [单选题] *A. 喜欢(正确答案)B. 关心C. 照料D. 在乎25、The（)majority of the members were against the idea. [单选题] *A. substantialB. enormousC. considerable(正确答案)D. overwhelming26、I don’t think he will take the case seriously,_____? [单选题] *A.don’t IB.won’t heC.does heD.will he(正确答案)27、You should finish your homework as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. 赶快地B. 尽能力C. 一...就D. 尽快地(正确答案)28、_____ of the land in this area _____ covered with forest. [单选题] *A. Two-fifth; isB. Two fifth; areC. Two fifths; is(正确答案)D. Two fifths; are29、The storybook is very ______. I’m very ______ in reading it. （）[单选题] *A. interesting; interested(正确答案)B. interested; interestingC. interested; interestedD. interesting; interesting30、19．_______ will the film Country Road last? [单选题] *A．How farB．How oftenC．How soon D．How long(正确答案)。
医学英语新教程-习题参考答案Unit 3
Unit ThreeThe Cardiovascular SystemSection A1—e 2—h 3—b 4—c 5—d 6—g7—l 8—j 9—k 10—i 11—a 12—fSection BPassage 1I. Reading Comprehension1.What’s the distinction between the blood from atria to ventricles and that fromventricles to atria?Most blood flows passively from atria to ventricles, but all blood to the arteries is actively pumped by the ventricles.2.Could you describe the variations of the heart rate of a healthy adult and aninfant?At different age and state, people have different heart rate. A healthy adult has a resting heart rate of 60 to 80 beats per minute; a child’s normal heart rate may be as high as 100 beats per minute, that of an infant as high as 120, and that of a near-term fetus as high as 140 beats per minute. The heartbeat of athletes is from35 to 50, which is much lower compared with the average heart rate.3.How is the cardiac output related to physical exercise?Heart rate increases during exercise, and so does stroke volume. The more the cardiac muscle fibers are stretched, the more forcefully they contract. During exercise, more blood returns to the heart; this increased venous return stretches the myocardium of the ventricles, which contract more forcefully and pump more blood, thereby increasing stroke volume. The exercise cardiac output is twice the resting cardiac output. The cardiac output of a healthy young person may increase up to four times the resting level during strenuous exercise. The marathon runner’s cardiac output may increase six times or more compared to the resting level; this is the result of the marathoner’s extremely efficient heart.4.How are heart sounds produced?The first sound is created by the closure of the A V valves during ventricular systole; the second sound is created by closure of the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves. Improper closing of a valve results in a heart murmur.5—D 6—A 7—B 8—A 9—D 10—BII. Vocabulary StudyPart A1—nicotine 2—contractions 3—myocardium 4—pulmonary 5—arrhythmia 6—Ventricular 7—diastole 8—fibrillation9—systole 10—membranePart B1—simultaneous 2—accumulated 3—coordinate 4—consistency 5—Spontaneous 6—acceleration 7—strategies 8—strenuously 9—distinctive 10—specializedIII. TranslationPart A1.Ventricular contraction forces blood against the flaps of the right and left A Vvalves and closes them; the force of blood also opens the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves.心室收缩使血液施压于左右房室瓣并使其关闭；血液的压力也使主动脉半月瓣和肺动脉半月瓣打开。
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医学英语教程华仲乐课后答案
1、_______ hard, _______ you’ll fail in the exam. [单选题] *
A. Studying; for
B. Study; or(正确答案)
C. To study; and
D. Study; and
2、We have made a _______ tour plan to Sydney. [单选题] *
A. two day
B. two days
C. two-day(正确答案)
D. two-days
3、--Is that the correct spelling?--I don’t know. You can _______ in a dictionary [单选题] *
A. look up it
B. look it for
C. look it up(正确答案)
D. look for it
4、39．__________ he was very tired, he didn’t stop working. [单选题] *
A．Although (正确答案)
B．When
C．After
D．Because
5、You can ask（）is on duty there tonight. [单选题] *
A. What
B. whom
C. whoever(正确答案)
D. whomever
6、The relationship between employers and employees has been studied（）. [单选题] *
A. originally
B. extremely
C. violently
D. intensively(正确答案)
7、It was _____the policeman came_____the parents knew what had happened to their son. [单选题] *
A.before…as
B. until…when
C. not until…that(正确答案)
D.until…that
8、Tom sits _______ Mary and Jane. [单选题] *
A. among
B. between(正确答案)
C. on
D. next
9、English is very important in our daily life. Never _______. [单选题] *
A. give up it
B. give it up(正确答案)
C. give away it
D. give it away
10、73．The moonlight goes ____ the window and makes the room bright. [单选题] * A．across
B．through(正确答案)
C．over
D．in
11、( ) You had your birthday party the other day,_________ [单选题] *
A. hadn't you?
B. had you?
C. did you?
D. didn't you?(正确答案)
12、Jim, it’s dark now. Please _______ the light in the room. [单选题] *
A. turn on(正确答案)
B. turn up
C. turn off
D. turn down
13、_______! Jack,the floor is wet. [单选题] *
A. Be careful(正确答案)
B. Be careful to
C. Be careful for
D. Be careful with
14、Will you see to（）that the flowers are well protected during the rainy season? [单选题] *
A. it(正确答案)
B. me
C. one
D. yourself
15、( ) ____ eye exercises ___ good __ your eyes. [单选题] *
A. Doing, is, for(正确答案)
B. Doing, are, for
C. Do, is, for
D. Do, are, at
16、We have ______ homework today. （）[单选题] *
A. too many
B. too much(正确答案)
C. much too
D. very much
17、Don’t ______. He is OK. [单选题] *
A. worried
B. worry(正确答案)
C. worried about
D. worry about
18、At last the plane landed at the Beijing Airport safely. [单选题] *
A. 平稳地
B. 安全地(正确答案)
C. 紧急地
D. 缓缓地
19、92．China is a big country ________ a long history. [单选题] * A．has
B．have
C．with(正确答案)
D．there is
20、Words are windows（）you can look into the past. [单选题] *
A. through which(正确答案)
B. through that
C. which
D. whose
21、As soon as he _______, he _______ to his family. [单选题] *
A. arrived, writes
B. arrived, written
C. arrived, wrote(正确答案)
D. arrives, write
22、The trouble turned out to have nothing to do with them. [单选题] *
A. 由…引发的
B. 与…有牵连
C. 给…带来麻烦
D. 与…不相干(正确答案)
23、His understanding made a deep impression_____the young girl. [单选题] *
A.on(正确答案)
B.in
C.for
D.with
24、6．Hi, boys and girls. How are you ________ your posters for the coming English Festival at school? [单选题] *
A．getting on
B．getting off
C．getting with (正确答案)
D．getting
25、Many people believe that _________one has, _______ one is, but actually it is not true. [单选题] *
A. the more money ; the happier(正确答案)
B. the more money ; the more happy
C. the less money ; the happier
D. the less money ; the more happy
26、We all wondered（）Tom broke up with his girlfriend. [单选题] *
A. that
B. what
C. who
D. why(正确答案)
27、Generally speaking, it is _______ to ask a woman’s age in western countries. [单选题] *
A. possible
B. important
C. not polite(正确答案)
D. polite
28、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *
A. speak
B. tell
C. persuade(正确答案)
D. talk
29、—Can you play the violin at the art festival?—No, I ______. But I am good at playing the drums.（）[单选题] *
A. can
B. can’t(正确答案)
C. do
D. don’t
30、15．This kind of bread is terrible. I do not want to eat it ________. [单选题] *
A．any more(正确答案)
B．some more
C．no longer
D．some longer。