湖南省长沙市2019届高三高考模拟试卷(二)英语试卷【含答案及解析】
湖南省长沙市2019届高三高考模拟试卷（二）英语试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________ 班级____________ 分数__________一、阅读理解1. When summer arrives, it's not uncommon to get a strong desire for sand and water. But those who can only make day-long trips may find it hard to achieve. Don't worry! Plenty of opportunities for kicking back in the sand exist herein Ohio, although it's far away from the oceans.East Harbor State Park Beach1169 N. Buck Rd., Lakeside-MarbleheadThose looking for a bit of extra space between their blankets and their neighbors' will like this beach. At 1,500 feet long, the sandy strip has a significant amount of real estate(房产）for sunning or relaxing in the shade. Amenities(设施）include a bathhouse, vending machines, grills and picnic tables.Nickel Plate BeachCorner of Tiffin Avenue and Nickel Plate Drive, HuronAnyone who spends a day at the beach knows that swimming and doing sports on the beach give you a good appetite. Luckily, Nickel Plate Beach offers a variety of dining options nearby, including beachside pizza delivery. Amenities include a sheltered picnic area, charcoal grills, playground equipment and beach volleyball courts.Main Street BeachMain Street, VermilionNo beach umbrella or chairs? No problem. This beach offers hourly rents of chairs, umbrellas, tables, shade tents and wheelchairs. And with downtown Vermilion only a block away，shops and restaurants are nicely within reach. Amenities include an observation deck and some benches. No lifeguards are on duty.Kelleys Island State Park Beach920 Division St. Kelleys IslandWith its gradual water depth, this beach is perfect for young children. The park's campground also includes a playground and a store with snacks and ice cream. Other amenities include a picnic shelter and hiking trails.1. What do the beaches have in common?A. They are all at the seaside.B. They are all close to downtown areas.C. There are lifeguards on duty on all the beaches.D. They serve the needs of people who cannot travel long distance.2. Which beach is the best choice for people who don’t like to be crowded around?A. East Harbor State Park Beach.B. Nickel Plate Beach.C. Main Street Beach.D. Kelleys island State Park Beach.3. Who will be more likely attracted by Nickel Plate Beach?A. Hiking lovers who are going on a diet.B. Athletic men who get hungry easily.C. A family with two children under 10.D. An aged couple with no shade tents.4. Which of the following is one of the attractions of Kelleys Island State Park Beach? /A. Children can swim in the shallow water.B. People can rent whatever they need there.C. Parents can leave their children with lifeguards.D. People can do shopping and enjoy the sunshine at the same time.2. We’d arrived at Rockefeller Center station on the D train. As in many of New York’s underground stations, trains pull in at both side s of the platform. Or rather, they seem to erupt into the station first on one side, then on the other.Abruptly, my wife stopped.“Uh, what’s this?” she said.I looked over her shoulder. There at our feet lay a young woman of about 20. She was on her stomach with the top half of her body on the platform, whileher legs hung over the tracks kicking powerlessly.She was stuck. She had also, clearly, been down on the tracks and discovered that climbing back up is really hard.But unlike in our imaginings, this woman was not in panic, expecting herapproaching death by the F train which would be screaming into the station in the next few minutes, if not seconds.She was laughing! So was her friend who half-heartedly leant down to assist. The assistance was somewhat weakened by the fact that the friend was holding her smartphone. Was she hoping to capture this moment with a picture? Or composing a text?It’s well known that people’s compulsive checking of their phones can be deadly. Among young people in America, texting is now the number one cause of car crashes. Maybe it’s also a leading cause of leaving friends to die when they fall in the river or on to the train tracks.I stepped forward, leant out as far as I could, got hold of her leg somewhere near the knee and, together with her finally-engaged friend, dragged the young woman on to the platform.And you can guess why she'd been on the tracks. Still laughing, but maybe chastened (内疚）by my look of horror she said, “Thanks. Sorry. My phone fell down there. ”While I turned to hold my daughter’s hand and head upstairs, the young woman and her friend walked away. I wonder when she'll be scared.1. What was the young woman doing on the edge of the platform?A. Trying to get down on to the train tracks to pick up her phone.B. Trying to get back on to the platform after jumping down.C. Desperately waiting for someone to help her get back her phone.D. Posing for her friend to capture a good picture with her smartphone.2. Which of the following did the author think was NOT a cause of the young woman’s dangerous situation?A. The station was too crowded.B. She did not realize the danger.C. She cared too much about her phone.D. Her company didn't assist her whole-heartedly.3. What was the author’s worry about people like this young woman?A. They would cause damage to the underground system.B. They knew too little about how to help others as well as themselves.C. It would be too late when they understood how dangerous the situation is.D. They would send misleading information to the public with their smartphones.3. “How’s it going? ” I ask the barista(服务生). “How’s your day been?”“Ah, not too busy. What are you up to?”“Not much. Just readin. ”This，small talk, is one of the key rituals(规矩）of American life. It has taken me only a decade to master.I immigrated to the United States in 2001, for college. I brought only my Indian experience in dealing with shopkeepers and tea sellers. In Delhi, where I grew up, when doing business, people don't ask each other how the other'sday has been. They might not even smile. The customer doesn't tremble before complaining about how cold his food is. Each side believes the other willcheat him.“God, Mahajan, you’re so rude to waiters!” Tom, an American friend, said, laughing, after he watched me ordering food at a restaurant, in the West Village, years ago. Considering myself a mild and friendly person, I was surprised. Tom always asked servers how they were doing or praised theirshirts or made jokes about the menu. At that time, this seemed dishonest to me. Did he really like what they were wearing?American life is based on a principle that we like one another but won’t violate one another’s privacies. This makes it a land of s mall talk. Two people greet each other happily, with friendliness, but might know each other for years before asking basic questions about each other’s backgrounds. The opposite is true of Indians. At least three people I’ve sat next to on planes to and from India have asked me, within minutes, how much I earn as a writer (only to turn away in disappointment when I tell them).Living in Brooklyn and then in Austin, Texas. I made coffee shops the placesof my movements. Meeting the same baristas day after day produced context, and I got practice. I was beginning to fit in. It felt good and didn’t seem fake anymore.1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The author takes pride in everything of his homeland.B. The author still thinks the American way of treating strangers is not sincere.C. The author finally got used to small talk after a lot of practice in America.D. It only took the author a short time to learn the real ritual of American life.2. What do people in the US tend to do in a restaurant?A. They have friendly small talk with the servers.B. They ask if the servers are satisfied with their pay.C. They complain about the food and service straightforwardly.D. They make objective comments on the servers’ c lothing.3. What do we know about Indians according to Paragraph 7?A. Indians don’t like each other.B. Indians live in a land of small talk.C. Indians show little respect for others; privacy.D. Indians know little about their friends’ backgrou nds.4. What might be the best title of this passage?A. A Rude Indian in AmericaB. Small Talk and Great FriendshipC. My Struggle with American Small TalkD. Cultural Differences between Countries4. “Birds” and “airports” are two words that, paired together, don’t normally paint the most harmonious picture. So it really raises some eyebrows when China announces plans to build an airport that’s for birds.Described as the world’s first-ever bird airport, the proposed Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区) in the northern coastal city of Tianjin is，of course，not an actual airport. Rather, it’s a wetland preserve specifically designed to accommodate hundreds — even thousands — of daily takeoffs and landings by birds traveling along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. Over 50 species of migratory (迁徙的）water birds, some endangered, will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway.Located on a former landfill site, the 61-hectare (150-acre) airport is also open to human travelers. (Half a million visitors are expected annually.) However, instead of duty-free shopping, the main attraction for non-egg-laying creatures at Tianjin’s newest airport will be a green-roofed education and research center, a series of raised “observation platforms” and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths and trails totaling over 4 miles.The proposed Bird Airport will be a globally significant sanctuary for endangered migratory bird species, while providing new green lungs for thecity of Tianjin,” Adrian McGregor of Australian landscape architecture firm McGregor Coxall explained of .the design. Frequently blanketed in smog sothick that it has shut down real airports, Tianjin is a city —China’sfourth most populous — that would certainly benefit from a new pair of healthy green lungs.1. The underlined phrase 4 “non-egg-laying creatures” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________?A. endangered water birdsB. planesC. visitorsD. designers2. What do we know about the airport according to the passage?A. It is located on a landfill site.B. People cannot watch birds up close here.C. It provides migratory birds with food and shelter.D. It functions as an actual airport and a wetland preserve at the same time.3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Tianjin will win worldwide fame in the future.B. Tianjin will be able to accommodate more people.C. The airport will become a permanent home for birds.D. Tianjin’ air quality will improve tha nks to the airport.4. What is this passage mainly about?A. China is to open the first Bird Airport.B. Airports turn into green lungs.C. Birds are no longer enemies to airports.D. Airports shut down and open up.二、七选五5. You may use banknotes every day. But did you know that there is a lot of science behind the money? 1.Australia was the first country to use polymer(聚合物）banknotes in 1988. 2. They can stop water from making them wet. They are also cleaner because bacteria don’t grow eas ily on them.Now, the Australians have improved their banknotes again by creating a new 5-dollar note. The new one has a clear window in the middle in which there are pictures of an Australian bird and a building. 3.Tilt (倾斜）the note a little and you will see the bird flapping its wings as if trying to fly away. Turn the note from side to side and you will notice the building come to life and spin. While these features are impressive and entertaining, that was not the reason why the Australian Government spent ten years perfecting them. Their primary purpose was to make it impossible to fakea banknote.4. The new $ 5 bill now has a raised bump alongside the two long edges, enabling the blind or those with limited vision, to quickly determine its value.The Australian government will give the new 10-dollar note the same featuresin a year’s time. 5.A. Note makers still have a long way to go.B. Other notes will have them in the future.C. The magic of the new features lies in them.D. They have many advantages over paper notes.E. The new Australian 5-dollar note is a good example.F. The new note is also the first touchable Australian banknote.G. Their material and pattern set them apart from ordinary banknotes.三、完形填空6. One random act o f kindness can make someone’s day, but a man in Florida knows a good ______ isn’t a one-time thing.After spending three months in and out of the hospital with numerous health issues, Donald Austin had his ______ partially cut off. He was relieved to finally be able to go home after just four days recovering from the ______ . When he reached his porch, though, the ______ disappeared.Donald thought he’d be able to ______ up the steps to the front door on crutches ( 拐杖 ), but he found he was too weak to keep his ______ . He had to sit in the wheelchair, but the wheelchair was too heavy for his wife, Jennifer Austin, to lift up the steps, even when his mom pitched in. Donald ended up on the ground，the family feeling totally ______ .Just then, a car caught the family’s eye. It had driven past ______ was slowly circling back. The stranger, Steven Smith, ______ and asked if he could help. ______ , the family watched Smith lift Donald inside and lay him ______ on a couch.But the good man knew there was ______ to do.Smith ______ this wasn’t the only time Donald would need to climb those ______ . So the next day, Smith came back and asked if he could build a ramp ( 坡道 ) in front of the house. With his dad and a couple more ______ , Smith set up a ramp ______ the steps to make the house ______ to the wheelchair. The act of kindness brought the family to ______ .“This stranger has saved the day for us ______ within 24 hours. He also ______ our spirits that had become increasingly dimmed over the difficult months.” Jennifer wrote on Facebook.1. A. deed B. manner C. deal D. performance2. A. leg B. arm C. back D. face3. A. injury B. depression C. operation D. shock4. A. regret B. headache C. belief D. joy5. A. try it B. make it C. put it D. take it6. A. breath B. balance C. distance D. promise7. A. at a loss B. in the dark C. for nothing D. out of mind8. A. though B. while C. but D. when9. A. broke up B. cut in C. pulled up D. called on10. A. Horrified B. Embarrassed C. Refreshed D. Relieved11. A. blindly B. painfully C. carelessly D. safely12. A. less B. more C. something D. nothing13. A. figured B. pointed C. commented D. suspected14. A. roads B. ladders C. rails D. steps15. A. passers-by B. useful equipment C. honored guests D. helping hands16. A. around B. over C. under D. into17. A. accessible B. avoidable C. available D. valuable18. A. life B. justice C. tears D. normal19. A. forever B. twice C. once in a while D. at all times20. A. brightened B. took up C. brought up D. worsened四、短文填空7. Memories of my sophomore (高二学生）dance 1. (be) still vivid in my mind. It was 5 o’clock in the afternoon, and I had put on my red party dr ess and my host mother was doing up my hair. My schoolmate Chris 2. (show) up at the front door 3. his suit and tie. He handed me a red corsage (小花束）that 4. (perfect) matched my dress. We headed for school, and started our dance? To be honest, I am no t sure 5. I should call what we did “dancing”. We jumped, yelled and laughed with people we knew or had just met for the first time. We twirled in circles, threw our arms in the air and, as my English teacher later put it, ran wild around the place. In those few 6. (hour)，nothing seemed to matter 7. than having fun.With music playing and everybody 8. (have) a good time, Chris asked me a question, "How is the dance different from dances in China?"“Well, we don’t usually have dances in China.”“What? How do you express 9. (you) then?”10. (lose) in thought. I was silent for a while.Now, I have an idea for everyone: Just dance.五、短文改错8. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
【市级联考】湖南省长沙市2019届高三年级统一模拟考试英语试题(原卷版)
长沙市2019届高三年级统一模拟考试英语试题长沙市教科院组织名优教师联合命制总分: 150分时量: 120分钟第一部分听力 (共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?A.E19.15.B. f9.18.C. f9.15.答案是C。
I. How does the man go to work recently?A. By bus.B. By bike.C. By subway.2.Why did Jane leave?A. To see Susan.B. To go to the libraryC. To atend a meeting.3. What is Carol?A. A hostess.B. A waitress.C.A soccer player.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.5.What will the woman do tomorrow?A. Play tennis.B. Meet the man.C. Watch a movic.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相向位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
英语_2019年湖南省长沙市高考英语二模试卷含答案
2019年湖南省长沙市高考英语二模试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1.Want a wonderful travel in London? Don't miss the following!Cartoon MuseumThis highly entertaining London tourist attraction covers the history and development of British cartoons from the 18th century to the present day. You can find a detailed collectionof all types of cartoons in this museum including caricatures（讽刺漫画）and rare examples of cartoon art; it's an ideal place to entertain kids of all ages as well as a serious collection for animation enthusiasts.There are over nine hundred pieces on exhibit and the museum regularly holds events where both children and adults can participate. Booking for these events is recommended due tothe popularity year round of this London Museum.Telephone: 020 7580 8155Chislehurst CavesChislehurst in London is home to chalk caves that were mined by hand for over 8, 000 years.A tour of these caves is an exciting way to see how British people have impacted on their environment over thousands of years.Telephone: 020 8467 3264The Old Operating Theatre MuseumThe Old Operating Theatre Museum is one London museum offering a fascinating insightinto the medical profession of the past. This 300-year old herb garret（阁楼）is Britain'sonly surviving operating theatre, with a wooden operating table and an observation stand, from which visitors can witness surgery performed.Telephone: 020 7188 2679Curzon Mayfair Cinana MuseumRecently voted one of London's best cinemas by Time Out readers, the Curzon Mayfair cinema is everything you would expect from this particular part of town: luxurious（奢华的）and tasteful. Showing mostly art-house and independent films, the Curzon Mayfair is uniquein the world of London cinema for its role in screening these films for industry and press. Telephones 033 3321 0104（1）What can we learn from the Cartoon Museum?A It is designed only for kids.B It is the oldest cartoon museum in Britain.C Visitors can take part in the activities held in it.D One must book the museum in advance to visit it.（2）Which will you call up if you'd like to know surgery of the past?A 020 7580 8155B 020 8467 3264C 033 3321 0104D 020 7188 2679（3）Which of the following may attract a nature lover?A Cartoon Museum.B Chislehurst Caves.C Curzon Mayfair CinemaMuseum. D The Old Operating Theatre Museum.2. Violette Childe, 67, is a dining companion who helps serve patients lunches． The role was introduced ten years ago by a dietitian concerning that some patients were not eating their meals．"Many of our patients are elderly and can be confused by the noisy, busy environment of the hospital and so won't focus on eating, " explains Yvonne Douglas﹣Morris, head of volunteering, who oversees the activities of all 528 of the trusty volunteers． "Staff are busy with the clinical side of things, so the dining companions were introduced． They will assist the patients and encourage them to eat "Violette, a retired library manager, has been helping out for six years． "It makes me feel a bit more complete , " she says simply． "Helping with the meals frees up the nurses to get on with other things． I believe in being a part of the community and this hospital is part of my community． "Another key role is played by the discharge volunteers, who offer support to theelderly, especially those aged 70 and over﹣﹣leaving hospital to return to an empty home． The team has a budget of £10 per person and will pop to the shops and buymilk, bread and a meal to tide them over for the first few hours． They then call the patients 他ularly, for as long as they need, to check how they are getting on and if they need extra support．The volunteers in Kingston work from a dedicated office﹣a small room in one of the buildings on the hospital grounds, where a Christmas tree decorated with baubles （小饰物）bearing the faces of volunteers sits in the comer． "All the volunteers come and gather here, it gets very busy at times, " smiles Nicola Hutin*67, a discharge support volunteer． A mother of two, and grandmother of four, she was a membership coordinator （协调员）for a trade association until she retired, and has since volunteered at the hospital one morning a week for 18 months．（1）What can we learn about dining companions？________A Their working conditions are noisy．B They are great assistants fordoctors． C They often make patients more nervous． D The occupation existed more than ten years ago．．（2）What does Violette think of her work？________A She finds it tiring and boring．B She finds it easy to complete her work．C She believes it gives her a sense of belonging．D She believes helping patients with tneals is to free up the community．．（3）What does a discharge volunteer do for the patients？________A Raise money for the elderly．B Pay a visit to them at home．C Buy daily necessities for them．D Ring to check their health condition．．（4）Which of the following can best describe the theme of the text？________A It is never too old to learn．B Many hands make light work．C Health is better than wealth．D God helps those who help themselves．3. Visual language is a form of communication that uses visual elements （元素）as opposed to formal written language to convey meaning or an idea． Graphicacy, the ability to communicate visually, is considered as important as literacy and numeracy, the abilities to read and count． Some people are visual thinkers, using that part of the brain that is emotional and creative to process and give meaning to information． Visual communication can find expression in paintings*drawings, symbols, or simply lines and shapes arranged for a specific effect．Art is an example of visual language． A painting or sculpture can convey ideas or arouse specific kinds of emotional responses． It may also express ideas about historical events, abstract concepts, dr simply be about the way certain shapes or forms "work" together or create a certain effect on the mind． Some researchers believe that different parts of the brain respond in unique ways to colors and shapes．Pictograms （象形文字）and ideograms （表意文字）are types of visual language． Pictograms are pictures that are similar to what they represent They are still used today to communicate information． Many people around the world are familiar with the pictograms indicating such things as airports, public facilities, and non﹣smoking areas indicated by a cigarette in a circle with a line across it． Ideograms are pictures that represent ideas and can often be understood without the aid of written language． Some scholars track moden alphabets to pictures． Letters are actually ancient pictures, and words are a series of pictures・ Modem alphabet letters are not only phonetic （语音的）symbols but are based on ancient religious images and symbols．Musivisual communication is also a part of visual language． The term refers to music created specifically to improve the visual experience of film． It corresponds to the images being seen on the screen, and the music may arouse a sense of terror, fear, or other emotions． Most movie goers understand the language of musical clues showing that something dramatic or important is about to happen．（1）What is visual language according to the text？________A An idea conveyed by artists．B An ability to read and count．C A system used to arouse emotions．D A way of processing and expressing information．．（2）What may be the origin of the modem alphabet letters？________A Public facilities．B Imaginary lines．C Religious images．D Living conditions．．（3）What can we learn about the music of a film from the last paragraph？________A It can help predict the plot．B A visual thinker can make it better．C It often changes without the audience's notice．D It makes the film more emotional and complex．．（4）What can be the best title of the text？________A How does Visual Language Affect Life？B How can We Learn VisualLanguage？ C What Is the Origin of Language？ D What Is Visual Language？．4. Hotshot jet pilots are no match for cliff swallows． The birds rocket over bridges andskim over lakes, rushing forward at accelerations that would knock an Air Force． By tracking these contests with high﹣speed cameras, a new study gives the first, in﹣depth peek into avian aerodynamics （鸟类空气力学）in the wild． "The findings may even provide insight into how to design better micro air vehicles﹣tiny drones． This technology will be brilliantly useful, " says biomechanics expert Jim Usherwood of the United Kingdom's Royal Veterinary College in Hatfield.." High﹣resolution field studies like this have never been done before for birds． "For cliff swallows, the trouble starts when they return from wintering in South America to their summer homes in North America． After arrival, they seek out their old mud nests﹣usually located under concrete bridges and freeways﹣and start rebuilding their homes． But rather than hunt down a fresh supply of mud, some swallows prefer stealing supplies from their more hardworking neighbors． Others take things further and will even lay an egg or two in their neighbor's nest before taking off．Battles in the air follow if the invaders are caught in the act, and a new study takes advantage of these fights to learn how birds perform high﹣speed maneuvers （演习）． The team placed three cameras along a North Carolina lake crossed by a highway bridge that houses several cliff swallow nests and waited for the battles to ________．The team was surprised to learn that most of the time*chasers copied the move of fleeing invaders． Swallows also pull very hard turns to escape an enemy*with one extreme case reaching ＝7.8 gravity． Fighter pilots usually pass out at about 5 or 6 gravity, which is why these experiments have earned interest, and partial funding, from the Office of Naval Research． The Navy may use the findings to build better guidance systems for micro air vehicles． However, the swallows, biomechanics are complex, and now the team is simply trying to collect a few tricks．（1）Why did the Usherwood carry out the studies？________A To guide a better design of air vehicles．B To prove the swallows are better at flying．C To experiment with its high﹣speed cameras．D To track how the swallows skim over lakes．．（2）What leads to the battles among the birds？________A Sharing food．B Occupying others' nests．C Seizing mud fornesting． D Competing for the use of bridges．．（3）Which can best replace the underlined word "commence" in paragraph 3？________A continueB accelerateC endD begin．（4）What is the trick of the swallow to escape its enemy？________A Accelerating toward it．B Copying what its enemy do．C Making sharp turns during flightD Seeking for help from its fellows．第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．5.Signs of Eating DisorderAbout 30 million Americans live with an eating disorder．（1）_______Yet many others are often hidden in plain sight， It's important to know the symptoms in those who might be at risk for an eating disorder．They're constantly talking about dieting．The discussion around changing eating habits is incredibly common． Look at any lifestyle magazine or website and you'll likely find dieting tips and advice．（2）_______If someone you love is constantly talking about food or their dieting habits*it might be a sign of concern．（3）_______Changes in mood or behaviors surrounding food or exercise can be signs of concera This could mean a switch in activity level like overexercising， too often counting calories，frequently visiting the bathroom after eating fasting or eating too much．（4）_______ They're constantly turning down food﹣centiic social gatherings．Avoiding social interactions such as birthday parties or going out to dinner with friends is a significant danger signal People living with the condition have an intense focus on food or body image． They will keep away from situations﹣likely ones that once brought them joy﹣ where that determination might be tested．The best way to support someone who may be experiencing an eating disorder is by talking with them*but when and how you do it matters．（5）_______Approach them with love and compassion*let them know that you care about them and that you notice that there is something they may be struggling with．A．This also might come with a noticeable weight loss or gain．B．However， being trapped in that discussion is a different story．C．Their fitness or eating habits are constantly out of the ordinary．D．Mood changes associated with eating may also be a danger signal．E．It should be away from the normal routine and outside of a meal time．F．Some symptoms of an eating disorder may be more visible to the eyes．G．Eatzing disorders are a group of conditions marked by an unhealthy relationship with food．第三部分语盲知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．6. I still keep the photo taken by my mom and treasure it as my life． That was many years ago when I was taking summer（1）_______in college and was moving into an apartment． I was carrying two（2）_______with everything that I was going to need to（3）_______the 6 weeks of classes． It is the last time I can remember ever traveling that（4）_______．Since then my possessions have（5）_______． Though most of them like my furniture are （6）_______, there are occasions when I feel（7）_______down by all of them． I am sure that I will need two trucks rather than two suitcases if I ever（8）_______again．One thought, however, brings me （9）_______． It is the knowledge that when I make my （10）_______ journey from this world ﹣ I am dead, I won't（11）_______any of those things with me． The only things I will take with me will be what I have packed in the suitcase ofmy（12）_______． I will be carrying with me every（13）_______thing I ever did, every loving thought I ever shared, and every bit of （14）_______ I ever brought into this world to make others laugh． I will be carrying all the goodness I gave to others, all the（15）_______I was able to share? and all the joy I created． These things won't be weighing medown． Instead, I will be surely（16）_______．As you are（17）_______for your own final trip ﹣ completely prepared, make sure that you should not make your（18）_______heavy． Make sure that the belongings in your home（19）_______take second place to the love in your heart． When you （20）_______ it inHeaven, God and all His angels will smile．（1）A journeysB holidaysC lecturesD classes（2）A trucksB suitcasesC booksD computers（3）A bring outB take awayC get throughD pay for（4）A hardB lightC unforgettablyD happily（5）A goneB appearedC lessenedD grown（6）A expensiveB usefulC beautifulD enjoyable（7）A weighedB putC turnedD calmed（8）A treasureB possessC moveD demand（9）A confusionB matterC hateD comfort（10）A finalB pleasantC tiringD latest（11）A compareB takeC fillD stand（12）A soulB bodyC homeD college（13）A strangeB littleC kindD smart（14）A knowledgeB hopeC thoughtD laughter（15）A loveB informationC timeD money（16）A burst outB worn outC given upD lifted up（17）A readyB eagerC fitD responsible（18）A worldB weightC travelD heart（19）A hardlyB alwaysC ratherD never（20）A coverB wrapC unpackD untie第二节（每小题1. 5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．7. A recent study found that people who live in colder climates consume（1）________（much） alcohol than people who live in warm weather．"Alcohol is something that everyone thought harmful for （2）________（decade），but no one has scientifically demonstrated it，" a professor wrote in a press release．Why do people in Russia drink so much？ Everybody （3）________（assume） that's because the weather is cold． But we couldn't find a single paper （4）________（link）climate to alcohol intake． Since alcohol could increase warm blood flow in the skin， last month， the researchers in a study（5）________（suggest） that people should reach for booze（豪饮）when it's cold outside． The researchers combed through data to compare climate factors and alcohol consumption per capita（每人的）．（6）________study also found that as temperatures and sunlight hours decrease， alcohol consumption goes up． Shorter hours of sunlight and cooler temperatures also relate （7）________ higher rates ofdepression，（8）________is linked to an increase in drinking．The professor hopes this data will help influence health policies on alcohol abuse． "Knowing that colder places have more drink﹣related problems could be（9）________（help） to the efforts in these areas （10）________（determine）better policies，" he said．第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）8. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．My cousin Li Ming told me he would be taking his driver's test again． He seemed confidence，although he have failed his first road test． I felt sympathy for him， think he might have a same fear he did last time． I encouraged him， though I was not so optimistic about their chances． Later on， he called share the good news that he had passed it． Before the road test， our family gathered excited at his house． I congratulated him with a hug． I asked him to drive with me anywhere he liked． Three of our cousin piled in with us and we took our first ride with Li Ming．第二节书面表达（满分25分）9. 假定你是李华，你校学生会创办的你最喜爱的《英语月报》（English Monthly）向读者征集意见．请你给主编写封邮件，内容包括：1．自我介绍；2．说明该报优点：内容丰富；指导英语学习；3．提出建议：多介绍中国传统文化及励志故事．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．2019年湖南省长沙市高考英语二模试卷答案1. CDB2. ACDB3. DCAD4. ABDC5. F,B,C,A,E6. DBCBDBACDABACDADACBC7. more,decades,assumes,linking,suggested,The,to/with,which,helpful,to determine8. My cousin Li Ming told me he would be taking his driver's test again． He seemed confidence， although he have failed his first road test． I felt sympathy for him， think he might have a same fear he did last time． I encouraged him， though I was not so optimistic about their chances． Later on，he called ∧ share the good news that he had passed it．Before the road test， our family gathered excited at his house． I congratulated him with a hug． I asked him to drive with me anywhere he liked． Three of our cousin piled in with us and we took our first ride with Li Ming．1． confidence改为confident，考查考查词性的运用．此处是作seem这个系动词的表语，故用形容词．2． have改为had，考查考查动词时态．此处是指之前的那次考试，发生在他告诉我消息之前，要用过去完成时．3． think改为thinking，考查非谓语动词．此处需用现在分词作伴随状语表主动．4． a改为the，考查冠词．此处后面的same不与a连用，只能用the．5． their改为his，考查人称代词．此处是指表兄Liming，故用his．6． called后加to，考查非谓语动词．此处需用不定式表示目的．7． Before改为After，考查连词．根据前后句意，此处因为考试后的庆祝．8． excited改为excitedly，考查副词．此处是指我们主观感到兴奋地聚会，不是令人兴奋地聚会．9．去掉with，考查介词．此处drive意为开车载人，是及物动词，不用介词．10． cousin改为cousins，考查名词单复数．前面的three of决定后面要用复数，表示众多中的三个．9. Dear editorsI'm so glad to give my personal opinions on my favorite newspaper English Monthly set up by the Student Union．I'm a high school student who is enthusiastic about reading newspapers and I want to learn something from them．（高分句型一）（自我介绍）I think English Monthly has many advantages． For one thing， it's rich in content， ranging from economy to civilization． For another， it's a guide to English learning． Through it，I can have a good knowledge of what's going on at home， and abroad and I've improved my English reading skills．If only you could introduce some more about Chinese traditional culture and inspirational stories in the culture column．（高分句型二）（提出建议：多介绍中国传统文化及励志故事）Here I really hope English Monthly will attract more readers，Yours sincerely，Li Hua。
2019届湖南省长沙市高三统一模拟考试英语试题(解析版)
长沙市2019届高三年级统一模拟考试英语试题长沙市教科院组织名优教师联合命制总分: 150分时量: 120分钟第一部分听力 (共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?A.E19.15.B. f9.18.C. f9.15.答案是C。
I. How does the man go to work recently?A. By bus.B. By bike.C. By subway.2.Why did Jane leave?A. To see Susan.B. To go to the libraryC. To atend a meeting.3. What is Carol?A. A hostess.B. A waitress.C.A soccer player.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.5.What will the woman do tomorrow?A. Play tennis.B. Meet the man.C. Watch a movic.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相向位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2019届高三下学期二模英语试题(word版含答案解析)
雅礼中学2019届高考模拟卷(二)英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上填写自己的准考证号、姓名、试室号和座位号。
用2B型铅笔把答题卡上试室号、座位号对应的信息点涂黑。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B型铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结東后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题 1.5分，满分7，5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小題。
从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一追例: How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18C.￡9.15.答案是C。
1. Why does the woman call the man?A. She doesn't know how to use the refrigeratorB. She wants her washing machine to be fixed.C. There is something wrong with the refrigerator2. How did the woman feel about her life?A. WorriedB. SatisfiedC. Bored3. What will the speakers probably do first?A. Have a cup of tea.B. Watch the dolphin showC. See the elephants.4. What was the weather like in Australia then'A. Rainy.B. NiceC. Terrible5. How docs the man find the apartment?A. UnsafeB. Too big.C. Excellent第二节(共15小题;每小题 1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2019届全国高考英语模拟决胜密卷(二)(含答案及解析)
2019届全国高考英语模拟决胜密卷（二）1、 SUPPORT WORKERDo you have the ability to care for others? Can you understand how older people feel? Are you a good communicator? Do you have good listening skills? Can you work weekends?If you have answered YES to the above, we would like to hear from you:☆ Starting rate of ￡8.56 per hour☆ Free uniform☆ Excellent trainingcareers@WOWEE MAGAZINE Writers WantedWowee Magazine is looking for writers for its website. Pay is based on the number of people who read your articles. You may also receive free tickets to events and free products to test. This is a great opportunity to get valuable work experience.We want people who are: chatty, interesting, passionate, skilled.Contact us at info@.CALLING ALL MODELSThink you could be a model? If so, we'd like to meet you!Working as a successful fashion model isn't easy but it is very exciting and could be a great opportunity.Girls should be over 16 with a minimum height of 172 cm and boys should have a minimum height of 182cm. If you are under 16 and do not yet have the required height, we would still be interested in meeting you, but you must bring a parent.info@WORK FOR COFFEE BEANSJoin Britain's number one cafe at Coffee Beans, where every cafe has the same aims: to create family-like teams and to give excellent customer service. Join us as a team member—an assistant manager or a cafe manager, depending on your skills and experience.Many different kinds of people come and work with us, so start your career at Coffee Beans today:☆ Choose the hours you work☆ Get management experience☆ Share your love of coffeeJoin us as a Team Member, Assistant Manager of Cafe Manager, depending on your skills and experience.Email us at jobs@.1.Which address should you email at if you want to be a support worker?@B.jobs@C.careers@@2.A writer working for Wowee Magazine can______.A.get a free uniformB.receive free tickets to eventsC.bring a parentD.choose working hours3.What can we learn about the jobs from the job postings?A.The model opportunity is only meant for adults.B.There is no need to be trained as a support worker.C.Employees at Coffee Beans have few management opportunities.D.Applicants to Wowee Magazine are expected to be sociable and enthusiastic.2、Regardless of how fa r we’d like to believe gender(性别) equal ity in the workplace has come, there’s still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018 statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEOs positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst.While i t’s not a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.In their research, Professor Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (调查) 2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories.While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women — this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations.Obviously, it’s important to consider individual(个人的) differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competen t boss. So next time you’re hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.1.What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?A.Women are worse than men.B.Men take almost all high positions.C.There is a huge gap between genders.D.Women might behave better in every field.2.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word ‘‘inherently” in paragraph 4?A.properlyB.potentiallyC.naturallyD.normally3.Which of the following may be the best title of this text?A.How We Can Figure Out The Boss.B.Why Women Are Better Than MenC.Why Women Make Better BossesD.How We Can Tell Gender Difference4.Who might have special interest in this article?A.Job hunters.B.Employers.C.Employees.D.University students.3、On a February afternoon in a classroom, Taylor came face to face with a cow-but it was all in her head.A virtual(虚拟的)reality headset had transported her and her classmates to a farm 250 miles away and for them, the technology means field trips are no longer limited by a bus ride.On any given day, students nationwide walk through fields, dive into deep sea, and observe medical operations by using such headset. It's another way to attract the iPhone generation of students and improve their understanding and their grades.Richard Lamb is a scientist working at Buffalo Science Lab. In the lab, the physical effects of virtual reality become clear as participants experience motion (运动) sickness without m oving. “Some of the research we’re doing has shown that what you experience in virtual reality has very similar responses that you would get if you were doing the actual activity, ” Lamb said.It's unknown how many classrooms have or will adopt the technology, but experts say it's still relatively rare. While individual headsets that require a user’s phone can cost as little as $20 or $30, systems and software for classes will cost thousands of dollars. Early complaints about a lack of good software are fading as more companies enter the market, but the rules for use haven't necessarily caught up with the technology.In New York, virtual lab experiments don’t count toward the state's hands-on lab time requirements. Even so, the sciences are an area w here virtual reality holds particular promise for classrooms. “The big gest impediment is going to be the quality of that experience, and that means how closely it mimics (模仿) the physical world, ” said David Evans, a scientist. “ Doing dangerous things and running into a lot more cases represent a huge learning opportunity.”Lamb agree d. “Too often in schools, when we do things in labs, you mix things together and you get this outcome. And if you don't get that outcome, you did something wrong, but we d on't have enough resources for you to redo it,” he said. “In virtual reality, all I do is on the computer. I don’t have to actually use chemicals.”1.What does a virtual reality headset really help the students do?A.Take some exercise.B.Perform an operation.C.Go for a bus ride.D.Have different experiences.2.The technology is rarely used in classrooms mainly because ________.A.students show little interest in itB.it's too expensive for users to afford itC.supporting software is inaccessible yetD.it's inconvenient to be operated by students3.Which word can replace the underlined wor d “impediment” in Paragraph 5?A.Opportunity.B.Difficulty.C.Surprise.D.Disappointment.4.Which of the following statements do both Lamb and Evans agree with?A.This technology can save students a lot of time.B.This technology is safe when used in experiments.C.This technology can enrich students' learning experiences.D.This technology can produce a better result in real life.4、No student of a foreign language needs to be told that grammar is complex. By changing the order of the words and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs (助动词) and suffixes (后缀), we can turn a statement into a question, state whether an action has taken place or is soon to take place, and perform many other word tricks to convey different meanings. However, the question which many language experts can’t understand and explain is—who created grammar?Some recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. Since the slaves didn’t know each other’s languages, they developed a make-shift language called a pidgin. Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the landowners. They have little in the way of grammar, and speakers need to use too many words to make their meaning understood. Interestingly, however, all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for a group of children to be exposed to it at the time when they learn their mother tongue. Slave children didn’t simply copy the strings of words used by their elders. They adapted their words to create an expressive language. In this way complex grammar systems which come from pidgins were invented.Further evidence can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf. Sign languages are not simply a group of gestures; they use the same grammatical machinery that is found in spoken languages. The creation of one such language was documented quite recently in Nicaragua. Previously, although deaf children were taught speech and lip reading in the classrooms, in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign system, using the gestures they used at home. It was basically a pidgin and there was no consistent grammar. However, a new system was born when children who joined the school later developed a quite different sign language. It was based on the signs of the older children, but it was shorter and easier to understand, and it had a large range of special use of grammar to clarify the meaning. What’s more, they all used the signs in the same way. So the original pidgin was greatly improved.Most experts believe that many of the languages were pidgins at first. They were initially used in different groups of people without standardization and gradually evolved into a widely accepted system. The English past tense—“ed” ending—may have evolved from the verb “do”. “It ended” may once have been “It end-did”. It seems that children havegrammatical machinery in their brains. Their minds can serve to create logical and complex structures, even when there is no grammar present for them to copy.1.What can be inferred about the slaves’ pidgin language?A.It was difficult to understand.B.It came from different languages.C.It was created by the landowners.D.It contained highly complex grammar.2.What is the characteristic of the new Nicaraguan sign language?A.No consistent signs were used for communication.B.Most of the gestures were made for everyday activities.C.The hand movements were smoother and more attractive.D.The meaning was clearer than the previous sign language.3.Which idea does the author present in the last paragraph?A.English grammar of past tense system is inaccurate.B.Children say English past tense differently from adults.C.The thought that English was once a pidgin is acceptable.D.Experts have proven that English was created by children.4.What is the best title for the passage?A.The Creators of GrammarB.The History of LanguagesC.Why Pidgins Came into BeingD.How Grammar Systems Are Used5、Some Ways to Increase Your Reading SpeedDo you have a lot of reading to do before class tomorrow? Here are some ways to help increase your reading speed.1. Stop the Inner SpeechOne’s inner monologue is an extremely common trait among readers.①__________ It is the biggest obstacle that gets in the way of you being able to increase your reading speed.2. Do Not Reread the Words on the PageYou most likely do this without even realizing that you are doing it, which makes it a bit of a difficult habit to break out of. ②__________ Keep your fingers running back and forth across the page, without stopping or going back.3. Set a GoalHolding yourself accountable will better ensure you stick with your reading and your timer tests. Give yourself a goal of a certain number of pages to read each day/week/etc. , and stick to it. When you reach it, treat yourself. ③__________4. Work on Improving Your VocabularyThink about it: You’re reading along,and then you run into a word you don’t know. Do you skip it?④__________ Do you stop to look it up? If you work on improving your vocabulary, you will know more words. The more words you add to your stock, the faster you read. The faster you read, the more you can read. It may be clear, but it's important.5. Skim the Main Points FirstFinally, when you're in a real time-crunch and need to get something read by tomorrow, take a deep breath and calm down. Open the book, and take some time reading over all the main points. Read the table of contents. Read the subtitles. Read the captions under the diagrams. ⑤__________A. Self-encouragement never hurts anyone!B. Do you try to figure it out by context?C. Your brain still processes information.D. Get an overall feel for the chapter.E. A reader should do more reading.F. The easiest way is to use your finger to guide you along.G. It is the process of speaking the words in your head as you read.6、阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项中,选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年长沙市第二中学高三英语二模试卷及答案
2019-2020学年长沙市第二中学高三英语二模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APlan Your Visit to the British MuseumWe've made a few changes to ensure you can safely enjoy your visit:How to book tickets·Tickets for the permanent collection can only be hooked online in advance.·To book tickets for exhibitions, visit our exhibition pages. If you want to guarantee your visit to the permanent collection as well as the exhibition on your visit, you will need to book a separate ticket.·We are limiting numbers of people in the museum to ensure there is room for you to safely enjoy your visit. Everyone, including members and volunteers, will therefore need to book a free, timed ticket in advance.Important information about your ticket booking·You can book up to six tickets for people who live in the same family.·We will email yourticket to you, and you will need to show it either printed out or on your device (设备) when you arrive.·Please arrive at the time stated on your ticket-we cannot guarantee admission before or after it.Following the routeWe have created a new one-way route through the museum which will allow you to safely explore world cultures from the Mediterranean to the Middle East and from the Americas to Africa.·View a map of the route (Open in a new window).·Our audio guides (音频指南) are not available. However, youcan pay to download the audio introductions from iTunes (Open in a new window) or Google Play (Open in a new window) to each of the galleries and listen on your own device. Please remember to bring along your own headphones.1.Why does the museum offer timed tickets?A.To earn more money.B.To hire more volunteers.C.To save room for collections.D.To control the number of visitors.2.How can a visitor learn about the new route in advance?A.View an online map.B.Buy a new headphone.C.Buy audio guides from the museum.D.Download video introductions from iTunes.3.Where can you probably find the text?A.In a newspaper.B.In a magazine.C.On a website.D.In a report.BDo you ever listen to the songs that your parents like? Chances are that you don’t. You probably think the music that they like is old and boring and that the songs on your playlist are muchcooler. But scientists found that people’s music taste changes as time goes by. So it is likely that your own musical preferences will follow a similar path to your parents’, whether you like it or not.We used to think that culture and personality (个性) are the only reasons for different music choices. But researchers at the University of Cambridge noticed that as people enter into different age groups, their social environment changes, and so does their music taste. There are some musical periods that people go through in their life.The first period comes in the teenage years, during which people like strong music such as punk and rock, because teenagers tend to be aggressive or want to be independent.But as people move into early adulthood, their lifestyles change they want to build close relationships with others. As a result, they become fonder of contemporary music, such as pop and R&.B, which is usually uplifting and danceable.When middle age comes, most people have settled down. During this period, people prefer music, such as jazz and classical, as well as music like country, folk and blues.As for old people, they prefer old songs in their childhoods. They generally listen to relaxing music, such as country music and jazz music. But you must be questioning. “Aren’t there old people who are still interested in or even crazy about rock music?” Of course there are. But their reasons for listening to rock music may have changed. At that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youth.4. What do young people usually think of the songs their parents enjoy?A. They are actually less cool.B. They are worth listening to.C. They are especially serious.D. They are hard to understand.5. How many musical periods are there that people go through in their life?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.6. People who want to make friends mostly prefer ________.A. jazz musicB. country musicC. rock musicD. pop music7. What is the best title for the text?A. People Have Different Opinions on MusicB. People Listen to Music for the Same ReasonC. People’s Taste in Music Changes with TimeD. People’s Lifestyle Can Be Changed by MusicCMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.8. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous9. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition10. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.11. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesDThe year 2020 will mark the beginning of the decade of the yold, or the “young old”, as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75. The traditional retirement age is 65. One might therefore expect peak retirement. By continuing to work, and staying socially engaged, the yold will change the world, as they have done several times before at different stages of their lives.The yold are more numerous, healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors. The yold are busier, too. In short, the yold are not just any group of old people. They are challenging the traditional expectations of the retired as people who wear slippers and look after the grandchildren. That will influence consumer, service and financial markets.The over-60s are one of the fastest-growing groups of customers of the airline business. The yold are vital to the tourism industry because they spend much more, when taking a foreign holiday, than younger adults.But for all this to happen,three big things will have to change, under pressure from the yold themselves. The most important is public attitudes towards older people, and in particular the expectation that the old ought to be putting their feet up and quietly retiring into the background. Then, government policies will have to change, too. The retirement age in many rich countries is still below the age to which many people want to work. The effective retirement age (the age at which people actually leave the workforce) is usually even lower. Third, higher numbers of healthy yold people will require drastic changes in health spending. Most diseases of ageing are bestmetwith prevention and lifestyle changes. But only about 2%~3% of most countries’ health-care spending goes on prevention. That will have to rise, because although the yold will constitute a bulge of comparative health and activity over the next decade, by 2030 they will hit 75 and enter a long period of decline for which few richcountries are ready.12. What kind of people are the yold exactly?A. They are workaholics.B. They are full of energy.C. They enjoy being focused on.D. They like staying socially engaged.13. Why do the yold contribute to tourist industry?A. They like traveling more.B. They have more money.C. They consume more on travel.D. They have much free time.14. What’s the author’s attitude toward health-care spending on prevention?A. Unsatisfied.B. Subjective.C. Neutral.D. Active.15. What does the underlined word “met” in the fourth paragraph mean?A. dealt withB. come acrossC. satisfiedD. experienced.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019届湖南省长郡中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷
2019届长沙市长郡中学高考模拟卷(二)英语注意事项1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效第一部分听力(共两节，満分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小題:每小题1.5分，満分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15B. ￡9.18C.￡9.15.答案是C1. What fruit does the woman use?A. PearsB. OrangesC. Bananas2. What did the woman do today?A, She cleaned the car B. She bought an umbrella C. She listened to the weather forecast3. When does the man usually do exercise?A. In the afternoonB. In the morning C, At night.4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Father and daughterB. ClassmatesC. Teacher and student5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Preparing for a test.B. Eating during an examC. Getting a medical exam第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，滿分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2019届高考英语精编优选练：“语法填空短文改错”组合练(二)(含答案)
精编优选练(二) “语法填空＋短文改错”组合练2(限时：30分钟)[题组一]Ⅰ.语法填空As you know, science plays 1.____________ very important role in our education. Do you want to keep up 2.____________ the latest research and discoveries in science? There are many good websites 3.____________ you can check out the latest in the science world.One great site is Science News for Kids. This site reports science news 4.____________ (cover) a wide range of subjects. The articles are intended for younger readers, but adults will find this site5.____________ (suit) for them as well. Another wonderful site, one that I check out every day,6.____________ (call) Science Daily. The site is7.____________(constant) updated with news, often about exciting8.____________ (finding) that change how we view the world.These sites post the latest stories and also keep all the past articles they 9.____________(post) earlier. That way you can find articles just about anything that 10.____________ (be) related to the science fields you are interested in.[语篇解读] 众所周知，科学在我们的教育中充当着一个很重要的角色。
2019届高考英语二轮复习考点解析卷：(二)含答案解析
2019届高考英语二轮考点解析卷（二）The Nazca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs (地画) in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru. It is ranging from geometric patterns to drawings of different animals and stylized human-like forms. The ancient lines can only be truly taken in from high in the air, leaving generations puzzled as to how these precise works could have been completed long before the documented invention of human flight.The Lines were first spotted when commercial airlines began flying across the Peruvian desert in the 1920s. Who built them and what was their purpose? Are they roads, star pointers,maybe even a gigantic map? If the people who lived here 2,000 years ago had only a simple technology, how did they manage to construct such precise figures? Did they have a plan? These markings are like a vast puzzle.The Nazca Lines are the most outstanding group of geoglyphs in the world. There are also huge geoglyphs in Egypt, Malta, United States (Mississippi and California), Chile, Holivia and in other countries. But the Nazca geoglyphs, because of their numbers, characteristics, dimensions and cultural continuity as they were made and remade throughout a certain history period, form the most impressive archeological (考古学的) group.The Nazca plain is unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate (one of the driest on Earth, with only twenty minutes of rainfall per year) and the flat, stony ground which minimizes the effect of the wind at ground level. With no dust or sand to cover the plain and little rain or wind to erode (lines drawn here tend to stay drawn. These factors, combined with the existence of lighter-colored subsoil beneath the desert surface, provide a vast writing pad that is suited to the artist who wants to leave his mark eternal.1.What can we know about the Nazca Lines from the first two paragraphs?A.They were built as a big map.B.They were formed by nature.C.They are ancient lines in caves.D.They are huge markings in a desert.2.How many factors make the Nazca Lines the most impressive?C.Three.D.Four.3.Why are the Nazca Lines well preserved?A.Because of the wind at ground level.B.Because of the existence of soft soil.C.Because of the climate and geography.D.Because of the thick sand on the top.4.What does the underlined word “eternal” probably mean?A.Non-stop.B.Ever-lasting.C.Real-life.D.High-end.2、Camp All-StarOne of a Kind Summer Camps for KidsWelcome to Camp All-Star, your No. 1 summer sports camp for kids! Located on the famous Kents Hill School campus by the beautiful lake, Camp All-Star hosts kids from around the world. When thinking about your next overnight summer camp, consider the best—Camp All-Star!Great Sports Summer Camps for KidsCamp All-Star stands out among the successful camps in theU.S.We have the best sports fields and courts to make your child’s sports camp experience a successful one. Your child can enjoy playing for hours in any of our more than 30 sports and activities each day. Our camper to staff rate is three to one, which makes it possible for children to receive more careful instruction.We have a wide variety of activities and sports to choose from: fishing, dance, basketball, soccer, baseball, and tennis. Boys and girls, aged 8-16, can customize their own schedules in our 2, 3, 4 or 6 week summer camp session for kids.The aim of Camp All-Star is to develop athletic skills, encourage abilities in leadership, fair play and team work, and provide a fun, rewarding and memorable summersports camp experience. Our staff have the experience and qualified training necessary to ensure that your child has a successful, memorable and enjoyable time at our summer camp.Call Today About Our Overnight Summer Camps for KidsDon’t let your kids waste another summer playing video games and sitting around. Let them enjoy their time and get some exercise at our exciting and friendly summer sports camp. Information for our upcoming camps can be found on our website. For additional information or questions, contact us today. We hope your kids can join us at Camp All-Star!1.Camp All-Star stands out among the others because it ______.A.is surrounded by a beautiful lakeB.provides various activities and sportsC.offers timely information on its websiteD.allows children to play outside all day long2.One of the goals of Camp All-star is to ______.A.fire kids’ imaginationB.build up kids’ confidenceC.develop kids’ leadership skillsD.promote kids’ self-control3.This advertisement is intended for ______.A.parentsB.coachesC.staffD.Campers3、 Regardless of how far we’d like to believe gender(性别) equality in the workplace has come, there’s still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018 statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEOs positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst.While it’s not a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.In their research, Professor Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (调查) 2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories.While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women — this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations.Obviously, it’s important to consider individual(个人的) differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. So next time you’re hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.1.What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?A.Women are worse than men.B.Men take almost all high positions.C.There is a huge gap between genders.D.Women might behave better in every field.2.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word ‘‘inherently” in paragraph 4?A.properlyB.potentiallyC.naturallyD.normally3.Which of the following may be the best title of this text?A.How We Can Figure Out The Boss.B.Why Women Are Better Than MenC.Why Women Make Better BossesD.How We Can Tell Gender Difference4.Who might have special interest in this article?A.Job hunters.B.Employers.C.Employees.D.University students.4、 In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead, with more tactics(策略).One tactic involves where to display the goods. For example,stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food(垃圾食品)later in their trip. In department stores,the women’s shoe section is generally next to the women’s cosmetics(化妆品)section: while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might want to try later.Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers' senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played, sales of French wines went up.When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.1.Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?A.To save customers time.B.To show they are high quality foods.C.To help sell junk food.D.To sell them at discount prices.2.According to Paragraph 3, which of the following encourages customers to buy?A.Opening the store early in the morning.B.Displaying British wines next to French ones.C.Inviting customers to play music.D.Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.3.What is the California builder’s story intended to prove?A.The house structure is a key factor customers consider.B.The more costly the house is, the better it sells.C.An ocean view is much to the customers' taste.D.A good first impression increases sales.4.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.B.To introduce how businesses have grown from the past.C.To report researches on customer behavior.D.To show dishonest business practices.5、How to Excel in Poetry WritingIf you are serious about your poetry,then you should consider the suggestions presented here.①__________ Many poets have also used these tips to make poetry publishing possible in their life.Write Every Day. It is important that all writers write every day. ②__________You should remove all distractions so that you can be focused during this time. Many writers will set realistic goals for themselves as to how many words they will write each day or at least a specific amount of time when they have to write. You don't have to write about anything specific as long as you are writing something.Join a Writing Group. You can fine-tune your craft even more by joining a writing group orcommunity. ③__________ There are thousands of writing communities that you can join. You should get involved in writers' discussions and should trade your work with other writers for review and critique. By doing this you willreceive valuable feedback and will also learn a lot by reviewing the work of other writers.Challenge Yourself. One of the best things that you can do and that can actually help you greatly with poetry publishing, is taking part in contests that are designed for novice poets. ④__________ You can easily find these contests online and can commit yourself to taking part in them.Most of these contests have a strict structure and rules that must be followed. A challenge like this is a great way to truly push yourself as a writer. ⑤__________Some contests offer cash prizes while others offer publication of the winning pieces of poetry in the contest.A. With the use of the Internet this is an easy task.B. Many of these poetry contests even offer prizes!C. You can turn to others for help in writing poems.D. Read your poetry after finishing it in no time.E. Set aside a specific amount of time for writing.F. These ideas have assisted many writers in getting serious about writing.G. There are thousands of poetry contests conducted every year.Many language learners think their pronunciation is good enough because their teacher doesn't correct them too often or because other students can 1 them.Pronunciation is the area which is 2 the least attention to in language learning. Most teachers 3 just let their students speak and stop them 4 they say something completely wrong. Working on each student's pronunciation in class is just 5 . Also, the students who are 6 at pronunciation may be afraid that it will embarrass their classmates if they help 7 their mistakes.If you believe your pronunciation is good enough to 8 because it is good enough for your teacher and other students, you may be 9 when you actually go to a foreign country. One of my friends wasthe best student inhis 10 class in Poland. When he went to America, he found Americans didn't understand 11 of what he said. Your pronunciation may still be quite 12 that of a native speaker. If this is the 13 , other people will findit 14 to understand what you're saying and will not be comfortable with you.15 , don't think you can communicate in a foreign language 16 you've tested your skills on real native speakers. 17 for native or nearnative pronunciation so that people you talk to can communicate with you 18 . In order to achieve this goal, there's 19 that you will need to start thinking about pronunciation and 20 time1.A.mistake B.watch C.surround D.understand2.A.fixed B.drawn C.paid D.called3.A.never B.ever C.even ually4.A.only if B.if only C.even if D.if ever5.A.fantastic B.impossible C.necessary D.important6.A.poor B.well C.good D.strict7.A.find out B.work out C.try out D.point outmunicate B.travel C.pronounce D.exchange9.A.happy B.disappointed C.surprised D.excited10.A.Polish B.French C.German D.English11.A.none B.half C.rest D.lot12.A.near to B.different from C.far from D.from far13.A.same B.matter C.case D.fact14.A.easy B.beneficial C.convenient D.hard15.A.In conclusion B.In a word C.On the contrary D.In short16.A.when B.until C.unless D.while17.A.Stand B.Look C.Aim D.Account18.A.smoothly B.difficultly C.truly D.practically19.A.no way B.no need C.no doubt D.no wonder20.A.take B.cost C.spend D.kill、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(完整)2019届全国高考高三模拟考试卷数学(理)试题(二)(解析版)
2019届全国高考高三模拟考试卷数学（理）试题（二）（解析版）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．[2019·南昌一模]已知复数()i2ia z a +=∈R 的实部等于虚部，则a =（ ） A ．12-B ．12C ．1-D ．12．[2019·梅州质检]已知集合{}31,A x x n n ==-∈N ，{}6,8,10,12,14B =，则集合A B I 中元素的个数为（ ） A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．53．[2019·菏泽一模]已知向量()1,1=-a ，()2,3=-b ，且()m ⊥+a a b ，则m =（ ） A ．25B ．25-C ．0D ．154．[2019·台州期末]已知圆C ：()()22128x y -+-=，则过点()3,0P 的圆C 的切线方程为（ ） A ．30x y +-=B ．30x y --=C ．230x y --=D ．230x y +-=5．[2019·东北三校]中国有十二生肖，又叫十二属相，每一个人的出生年份对应了十二种动物（鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪）中的一种，现有十二生肖的吉祥物各一个，三位同学依次选一个作为礼物，甲同学喜欢牛和马，乙同学喜欢牛、狗和羊，丙同学哪个吉祥物都喜欢，如果让三位同学选取礼物都满意，则选法有（ ） A ．30种B ．50种C ．60种D ．90种6．[2019·汕尾质检]边长为1的等腰直角三角形，俯视图是扇形，则该几何体的体积为（ ）A ．π9B ．π3C ．π6D ．π187．[2019合肥质检]将函数()π2sin 16f x x ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭的图象上各点横坐标缩短到原来的12（纵坐标不变）得到函数()g x 的图象，则下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．函数()g x 的图象关于点π,012⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭对称B ．函数()g x 的周期是π2C ．函数()g x 在π0,6⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增D ．函数()g x 在π0,6⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上最大值是18．[2019·临沂质检]执行如图所示的程序框图，输出的值为（ ）A ．0B ．12C ．1D ．1-9．[2019·重庆一中]2sin80cos70cos20︒︒-=︒（ ）A ．3B ．1C 3D ．210．[2019·揭阳一模]函数()f x 在[)0,+∞单调递减，且为偶函数．若()21f =-，则满足()31f x -≥-的x 的取值范围是（ ） A ．[]1,5B ．[]1,3C ．[]3,5D ．[]2,2-11．[2019·陕西联考]已知双曲线()2222:10,0x y C a b a b-=>>的右焦点为2F ，若C 的左支上存在点M ，使得直线0bx ay -=是线段2MF 的垂直平分线，则C 的离心率为（ ）AB ．2CD ．512．[2019·临川一中]若函数()f x 在其图象上存在不同的两点()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，其坐标满足条件：1212x x y y +0，则称()f x 为“柯西函数”，则下列函数：①()()10f x x x x=+>；②()()ln 0e f x x x =<<；③()cos f x x =；④()21f x x =-．其中为“柯西函数”的个数为（ ） A ．1 B ．2 C ．3 D ．4二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．13．[2019·江门一模]已知a 、b 、c 是锐角ABC △内角A 、B 、C 的对边，S 是ABC △的面积，若8a =，5b =，S =，则c =_________．14．[2019·景山中学]已知a ，b 表示直线，α，β，γ表示不重合平面． ①若a αβ=I ，b α⊂，a b ⊥，则αβ⊥；②若a α⊂，a 垂直于β内任意一条直线，则αβ⊥； ③若αβ⊥，a αβ=I ，b αγ=I ，则a b ⊥；④若a α⊥，b β⊥，a b ∥，则αβ∥．上述命题中，正确命题的序号是__________．15．[2019·林芝二中]某传媒大学的甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学分别从影视配音、广播电视、公共演讲、播音主持四门课程中选修一门，且这四位同学选修的课程互不相同．下面是关于他们选课的一些信息：①甲同学和丙同学均不选播音主持，也不选广播电视；②乙同学不选广播电视，也不选公共演讲；③如果甲同学不选公共演讲，那么丁同学就不选广播电视．若这些信息都是正确的，依据以上信息可推断丙同学选修的课程是_______（填影视配音、广播电视、公共演讲、播音主持）16．[2019·河南联考]若一直线与曲线eln y x =和曲线2y mx =相切于同一点P ，则实数m =________．三、解答题：本大题共6大题，共70分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．17．（12分）[2019·长郡中学]设正项数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S n a 与1n a +的等比中项，其中*n ∈N ．（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）设()11211n n n n n a b a a +++=-⋅，记数列{}n b 的前n 项和为n T ，求证：21n T <．18．（12分）[2019·维吾尔一模]港珠澳大桥是中国建设史上里程最长，投资最多，难度最大的跨海桥梁项目，大桥建设需要许多桥梁构件．从某企业生产的桥梁构件中抽取100件，测量这些桥梁构件的质量指标值，由测量结果得到如图所示的频率分布直方图，质量指标值落在区间[)55,65，[)65,75，[]75,85内的频率之比为4:2:1．（1）求这些桥梁构件质量指标值落在区间[]75,85内的频率；（2）若将频率视为概率，从该企业生产的这种桥梁构件中随机抽取3件，记这3件桥梁构件中质量指标值位于区间[)45,75内的桥梁构件件数为X ，求X 的分布列与数学期望．19．（12分）[2019·淄博模拟]如图，在四棱锥P ABCD -中，AB CD ∥，1AB =，3CD =，2AP =，23DP =，60PAD ∠=︒，AB ⊥平面PAD ，点M 在棱PC 上．（1）求证：平面PAB ⊥平面PCD ；（2）若直线PA ∥平面MBD ，求此时直线BP 与平面MBD 所成角的正弦值．20．（12分）[2019·泰安期末]已知椭圆()22122:10x y C a b a b+=>>的离心率为2，抛物线22:4C y x =-的准线被椭圆1C 截得的线段长为2．（1）求椭圆1C 的方程；（2）如图，点A 、F 分别是椭圆1C 的左顶点、左焦点直线l 与椭圆1C 交于不同的两点M 、N （M 、N 都在x 轴上方）．且AFM OFN ∠=∠．证明：直线l 过定点，并求出该定点的坐标．21．（12分）[2019·衡水中学]已知函数()23ln f x x ax x =+-，a ∈R ． （1）当13a =-时，求函数()f x 的单调区间；（2）令函数()()2x x f x ϕ'=，若函数()x ϕ的最小值为32-，求实数a 的值．请考生在22、23两题中任选一题作答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题记分． 22．（10分）【选修4-4：坐标系与参数方程】[2019·揭阳一模]以原点O 为极点，x 轴的非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，已知曲线C 的极坐标方程为22cos 2a ρθ=（a ∈R ，a 为常数）），过点()2,1P 、倾斜角为30︒的直线l 的参数方程满足32x t =+，（t 为参数）．（1）求曲线C 的普通方程和直线l 的参数方程；（2）若直线l 与曲线C 相交于A 、B 两点（点P 在A 、B 之间），且2PA PB ⋅=，求a 和PA PB -的值．23．（10分）【选修4-5：不等式选讲】[2019·汕尾质检]已知()221f x x x =++-的最小值为t ．求t 的值；若实数a ，b 满足2222a b t +=，求221112a b +++的最小值．2019届高三第三次模拟考试卷理 科 数 学（二）答 案一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． 1．【答案】C 【解析】∵()2i i i 1i 2i 2i 22a a a z -++===--的实部等于虚部，∴122a=-，即1a =-．故选C ． 2．【答案】A【解析】由题意，集合{}31,A x x n n ==-∈N ，{}6,8,10,12,14B =， ∴{}8,14A B =I ，∴集合A B I 中元素的个数为2．故选A ． 3．【答案】A【解析】()()()1,12,312,31m m m m m +=-+-=--a b ，结合向量垂直判定，建立方程，可得12310m m --+=，解得25m =，故选A ． 4．【答案】B【解析】根据题意，圆C ：()()22128x y -+-=，P 的坐标为()3,0， 则有()()2231028-+-=，则P 在圆C 上，此时20113CP K -==--，则切线的斜率1k =， 则切线的方程为3y x =-，即30x y --=，故选B ． 5．【答案】B【解析】若同学甲选牛，那么同学乙只能选狗和羊中的一种，丙同学可以从剩下的10中任意选，∴共有11210C C 20⋅=，若同学甲选马，那么同学乙能选牛、狗和羊中的一种，丙同学可以从剩下的10中任意选，∴共有11310C C 30⋅=，∴共有203050+=种．故选B ． 6．【答案】A【解析】 侧视图是直角边长为1的等腰直角三角形，圆锥的高为1，底面半径为1， 俯视图是扇形，圆心角为2π3，几何体的体积为112ππ113239⨯⨯⨯⨯=．故选A ．7．【答案】C【解析】将函数()f x 横坐标缩短到原来的12后，得到()π2sin 216g x x ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭，当π12x =-时，π112f ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭，即函数()g x 的图象关于点π,112⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭对称，故选项A 错误；周期2ππ2T ==，故选项B 错误； 当π0,6x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时，πππ2662x ⎛⎫+∈ ⎪⎝⎭,，∴函数()g x 在π0,6⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增，故选项C 正确；∵函数()g x 在π0,6⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递增，∴()π16g x g ⎛⎫<= ⎪⎝⎭，即函数()g x 在π0,6⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上没有最大值，故选项D 错误．故选C ．8．【答案】A【解析】第一次循环，1k =，cos01S ==，112k =+=，4k >不成立； 第二次循环，2k =，π131cos 1322S =+=+=，213k =+=，4k >不成立； 第三次循环，3k =，32π31cos 12322S =+=-=，314k =+=，4k >不成立； 第四次循环，4k =，1cos π110S =+=-=，415k =+=，4k >成立， 退出循环，输出0S =，故选A ． 9．【答案】C 【解析】∵()2sin 6020cos702sin80cos70cos20cos20︒+︒︒-︒-︒=︒︒2sin 60cos202cos60sin 20cos70cos20︒︒+︒︒-︒=︒2sin 60cos20sin 20cos70cos20︒︒+︒-︒=︒2sin 60cos202sin 603cos20︒︒==︒=︒．故选C ．10．【答案】A【解析】∵函数()f x 为偶函数，∴()()312f x f -≥-=等价于()()32f x f -≥， ∵函数()f x 在[)0,+∞单调递减，∴32x -≤，232x -≤-≤，15x ≤≤，故选A ． 11．【答案】C【解析】()2,0F c ，直线0bx ay -=是线段2MF 的垂直平分线， 可得2F 到渐近线的距离为222F P b b a ==+，即有22OP c b a =-=，由OP 为12MF F △的中位线，可得122MF OP a ==，22MF b =，可得212MF MF a -=，即为222b a a -=，即2b a =，可得221145c b e a a==+=+=．故选C ．12．【答案】B【解析】由柯西不等式得：对任意实数1x ，1y ，2x ，2y ，2222121211220x x y y x y x y +-+⋅+≤恒成立， （当且仅当1221x y x y =取等号）若函数()f x 在其图象上存在不同的两点()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，其坐标满足条件：222212121122x x y y x y x y +-+⋅+的最大值为0，则函数()f x 在其图象上存在不同的两点()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，使得OA u u u r，OB u u u r 共线，即存在过原点的直线y kx =与()y f x =的图象有两个不同的交点： 对于①，方程()10kx x x x=+>，即()211k x -=，不可能有两个正根，故不存在； 对于②，，由图可知不存在；对于③，，由图可知存在；对于④，，由图可知存在，∴“柯西函数”的个数为2，故选B ．二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分． 13．【答案】7【解析】根据三角形面积公式得到1sin sin 2S ab C C =⨯⇒=∵三角形为锐角三角形，故得到角C 为π3，再由余弦定理得到222π1cos 7322a b c c ab+-==⇒=．故答案为7．14．【答案】②④【解析】对于①，根据线面垂直的判定定理，需要一条直线垂直于两条相交的直线，故不正确， 对于②，a α⊂，a 垂直于β内任意一条直线，满足线面垂直的定理，即可得到αβ⊥， 又a α⊂，则αβ⊥，故正确，对于③，αβ⊥，a αβ=I ，b αγ=I ，则a b ⊥或a b ∥，或相交，故不正确， 对于④，可以证明αβ∥，故正确． 故答案为②④． 15．【答案】影视配音【解析】由①知甲和丙均不选播音主持，也不选广播电视； 由②知乙不选广播电视，也不选公共演讲；由③知如果甲不选公共演讲，那么丁就不选广播电视，综上得甲、乙、丙均不选广播电视，故丁选广播电视，从而甲选公共演讲，丙选影视配音， 故答案为影视配音． 16．【答案】12【解析】曲线eln y x =的导数为e'y x=，曲线2y mx =的导数为2y mx '=，由e2mx x =，0x >且0m >，得x =e 2⎫⎪⎪⎭，代入eln y x =得e 2=，解得12m =，故答案为12．三、解答题：本大题共6大题，共70分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤． 17．【答案】（1）n a n =；（2）见解析．【解析】（1）∵2n S 是n a 与1n a +的等比中项，∴()221n n n n n S a a a a =+=+， 当1n =时，21112a a a =+，∴11a =．当2n ≥时，22111222n n n n n n n a S S a a a a ---=-=+--，整理得()()1110n n n n a a a a --+--=． 又0n a >，∴()112n n a a n --=≥，即数列{}n a 是首项为1，公差为1的等差数列． ∴()()1111n a a n d n n =+-=+-=． （2）()()()1121111111n n n n b n n n n +++⎛⎫=-⋅=-+ ⎪++⎝⎭，∴21232111111111122334212221n n T b b b b n n n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=++++=+-+++-++-+ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪-+⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭L L11121n =-<+． 18．【答案】（1）0.05；（2）见解析．【解析】（1）设区间[]75,85内的频率为x ，则区间[)55,65，[)65,75内的频率分别为4x 和2x ． 依题意得()0.0040.0120.0190.0310421x x x +++⨯+++=，解得0.05x =． ∴这些桥梁构件质量指标值落在区间[]75,85内的频率为0.05．（2）从该企业生产的该种桥梁构件中随机抽取3件，相当于进行了3次独立重复实验， ∴X 服从二项分布(),B n p ，其中3n =．由（1）得，区间[]45,75内的频率为0.30.20.10.6++=， 将频率视为概率得0.6p =．∵X 的所有可能取值为0，1，2，3，且()00330C 0.60.40.064P X ==⨯⨯=，()11231C 0.60.40.288P X ==⨯⨯=，()22132C 0.60.40.432P X ==⨯⨯=，()33033C 0.60.40.216P X ==⨯⨯=．∴X 的分布列为：X P0.0640.2880.4320.216X 服从二项分布(),B n p ，∴X 的数学期望为30.6 1.8EX =⨯=．19．【答案】（1）见解析；（2219565【解析】（1）∵AB ⊥平面PAD ，∴AB DP ⊥，又∵23DP=，2AP=，60PAD∠=︒，由sin sinPD PAPAD PDA=∠∠，可得1sin2PDA∠=，∴30PDA∠=︒，90APD∠=︒，即DP AP⊥，∵AB AP A=I，∴DP⊥平面PAB，∵DP⊂平面PCD，∴平面PAB⊥平面PCD；（2）以点A为坐标原点，AD所在的直线为y轴，AB所在的直线为z轴，如图所示，建立空间直角坐标系，其中()0,0,0A，()0,0,1B，()0,4,3C，()0,4,0D，)3,1,0P．从而()0,4,1BD=-u u u r，)3,1,0AP=u u u r，()3,3,3PC=-u u u r，设PM PCλ=u u u u r u u u r，从而得()33,31,3Mλλλ+，()33,31,31BMλλλ=+-u u u u r，设平面MBD的法向量为(),,x y z=n，若直线PA∥平面MBD，满足BMBDAP⎧⋅=⎪⎪⋅=⎨⎪⋅=⎪⎩u u u u ru u u ru u u rnnn，即)()()31313104030x y zy zx yλλλ-+++-=-=⎨+=，得14λ=，取()3,3,12=--n，且()3,1,1BP=-u u u r，直线BP与平面MBD所成角的正弦值等于33122sin195651565BPBPθ⋅-+===⨯⋅u u u ru u u rnn20．【答案】（1）2212xy+=；（2）直线l过定点()2,0．【解析】（1）由题意可知，抛物线2C的准线方程为1x=，又椭圆1C2，∴点2⎛⎝⎭在椭圆上，∴221112a b+=，①又2cea==，∴222212a bea-==，∴222a b=，②，由①②联立，解得22a=，21b=，∴椭圆1C的标准方程为2212xy+=．（2）设直线:l y kx m =+，设()11,M x y ，()22,N x y ，把直线l 代入椭圆方程，整理可得()222214220k x km m +++-=，()()222222164212216880k m k m k m ∆=-+-=-+>，即22210k m -+>，∴122421kmx x k +=-+，21222221m x x k -=+，∵111FM y k x =+，221FN yk x =+，M 、N 都在x 轴上方，且AFM OFN ∠=∠，∴FM FN k k =-，∴121211y yx x =-++，即()()()()122111kx m x kx m x ++=-++， 整理可得()()1212220kx x k m x x m ++++=，∴()2222242202121m km k k m m k k -⎛⎫⋅++-+= ⎪++⎝⎭，即22224444420km k k m km k m m ---++=，整理可得2m k =， ∴直线l 为()22y kx k k x =+=+，∴直线l 过定点()2,0． 21．【答案】（1）见解析；（2）56-．【解析】（1）13a =-时，()2ln f x x x x =--，则()()()221121x x x x f x x x +---'==， 令()'0f x =，解得12x =-或1x =，而0x >，故1x =，则当()0,1x ∈时，()0f x '<，即()f x 在区间内递减， 当()1,x ∈+∞时，()0f x '>，即()f x 在区间内递增． （2）由()23ln f x x ax x =+-，()123f x x a x'=+-， 则()()23223x x f x x ax x ϕ'==+-，故()2661x x ax ϕ'=+-， 又()()264610a ∆=-⨯⨯->，故方程()0x ϕ'=有2个不同的实根，不妨记为1x ，2x ，且12x x <， 又∵12106x x =-<，故120x x <<，当()20,x x ∈时，()0x ϕ'<，()x ϕ递减， 当()2,x x ∈+∞时，()0x ϕ'>，()x ϕ递增， 故()()322222min 23x x x ax x ϕϕ==+-，①又()20x ϕ'=，∴2226610x ax +-=，即222166x a x -=，②将222166x a x -=代入式，得2222222222222233316112323622x x x x x x x x x x x -+⋅⋅-=+--=--， 由题意得3221322x x --=-，即322230x x +-=，即()()222212230x x x -++=，解得21x =， 将21x =代入式中，得56a =-．请考生在22、23两题中任选一题作答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题记分． 22．【答案】（1）222x y a -=，3212x t y =+=+⎧⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎩（t 为参数）；（2）2a =±，432． 【解析】（1）由22cos 2a ρθ=得()2222cos sin a ρθθ-=，又cos x ρθ=，sin y ρθ=，得222x y a -=，∴C 的普通方程为222x y a -=， ∵过点()2,1P 、倾斜角为30︒的直线l 的普通方程为)321y x =-+， 由32x =得112y t =+，∴直线l 的参数方程为3212x t y =+=+⎧⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎩（t 为参数）． （2）将3212x t y ==+⎧⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎩代入222x y a -=，得()()222231230t t a ++-=， 依题意知()()222231830a ∆⎡⎤=-->⎣⎦，则上方程的根1t 、2t 就是交点A 、对应的参数，∵()21223t t a ⋅=-，由参数t 的几何意义知1212PA PB t t t t ⋅=⋅=⋅，得122t t ⋅=， ∵点P 在A 、B 之间，∴120t t ⋅<，∴122t t ⋅=-，即()2232a -=-，解得24a =（满足0∆>），∴2a =±， ∵1212PA PB t t t t -=-=+，又()122231t t +=-， ∴432PA PB -=． 23．【答案】（1）2；（2）1．【解析】（1）()31,12213,1131,1x x f x x x x x x x +≥⎧⎪=++-=+-<<⎨⎪--≤-⎩，故当1x =-时，函数()f x 有最小值2，∴2t =． （2）由（1）可知22222a b +=，故22124a b +++=，∴2222222222212111112121121244b a a b a b a b a b +++++++⎛⎫+++=+⋅=≥ ⎪++++⎝⎭， 当且仅当22122a b +=+=，即21a =，20b =时等号成立，故221112a b +++的最小值为1．。