海洋专业术语修改校对版

北冰洋Arctic Ocean 大西洋Atlantic Ocean南大洋Southern Ocean 太平洋Pacific Ocean洋ocean 印度洋Indian Ocean渤海Bohai Sea 東海East China Sea海sea 海洋marine海域sea areas 黃海Yellow Sea南海South China Sea 边缘海marginal sea潮间帶intertidal zone 潮上帶supratidal zone潮下帶subtidal zone 大陆边缘continental margin大陆架continental shelf 海滨seashore海峡channel 陆地岸线continental coastline 内陆海inland sea 河口estuarine大地水准面geoid 高程起算面base sea level海表面sea surface layer 海平面sea level微表面sea tiny surface layer 平均海平面mean sea level 深度基准面datum for sounding reduction 海图基准面chart datum 岸礁shore reef 堡礁barrier reef岛弧island arc 岛屿islands and islets环礁atoll 珊瑚礁coral reef3 海洋科学工程海洋学marine engineering 海洋地理学marine geography海洋地质学marine geology 海洋地球物理学marine geophysics 海洋化学marine chemistry 海洋技术marine technology海洋经济学marine economics 海洋生态学marine ecology海洋科学marine sciences；ocean sciences海洋生物学marine biology 海洋物理学marine physics海洋学oceanography；oceanology 军事海洋学military oceanography 卫星海洋学satellite oceanography 物理海洋学physical oceanography 区域海洋学regional oceanography 海洋动力学marine dynamics动力海洋学dynamical oceanography 海洋气象学marine meteorology 海洋光学marine optics 海洋声学marine acoustics 水声学acoustics 古海洋学paleoceanography海洋沉积学marine sedimentology 海洋地层学oceanic stratigraphy 海水分析化学analytical chemistry of sea water海洋地球化学marine geochemistry 海洋生物化学marine biochemistry 海洋物理化学marine physical chemistry 河口化学estuarine chemistry 初级生产力primary productivity 海洋生态系（统）marine ecosystems 渔业海洋学fisheries oceanography 海洋生物学marine organism海岸带资源coastal zone resources 海底资源submarine resources 海底矿产【资源】submarine mineral [resources]海水化学资源marine chemistry resources 海水【水】资源sea water resource 海洋可再生资源ocean reproducible resources海洋空间【资源】ocean space [resource] 海洋能marine energy resources 海洋生物资源marine biological resources海洋药物marine pharmaceuticals 海洋资源marine resources 海洋产业ocean industry 海洋经济marine economy 海洋开发marine exploitation 海洋旅游sea tourism海洋农牧化sea farming and ranching 海洋倾倒区dumping zone at sea 海洋渔业marine fishery 海洋资源保护marine resources protection 多金属结核polymetallic nodule, multimetal nodule多金属结壳polymetallic encrustation 多金属泥metalliferous mud 海底地壳热流sea-bottom hot flow 海底砂矿submarine placer海底热液矿床submarine hydrothermal deposits海底油田submarine oil field 反渗透reverse osmosis，RO电渗祈[脱盐] electrodialysis [desalination]，ED 海水sea water海水淡化sea water desalination 海水直接利用direct use of seawater 苦咸水bitter and salty water膜[水处理]元件membrane [water treatment] element[水处理]膜[water treatment]membrane水处理设备the equipment for water treatment蒸馏[淡化]法distillation process for desalination海上人工岛marine artificial island海上养殖工程mariculture engineering海上油气开发工程exploitative engineering of offshore petroleumexploitative engineering of gas reservoir海洋工程ocean engineering 海洋工程地质marine engineering geology 海洋工程环境marine engineering environment大陆架公约convention on the continental shelf地理不利国geographically disadvantaged state防倾倒公约prevent dumping convention伦敦倾废公约London dumping convention 公海high seas公海公约convention on the high seas 海洋政策marine polity国际海洋法international law of the sea 海图sea chart海洋功能区划division of marine functional zonation海洋法law of the sea 海洋权right of the sea海域划界delimitation of boundaries on the sea海洋法公约UN Convention on the Law of the Sea领海territorial sea 领水territorial water领海基点territorial sea base point 领海基线baseline of territorial sea 领海宽度breadth of the territorial sea领海内的司法管辖权judicial jurisdiction over territorial sea领海通过批准制度ratify regime on territorial sea through领海外部界限outer limit of the territorial sea 内水internal waters领海主权sovereignty of the territorial sea 毗连区contiguous zone 群岛海道通过archipelagic sea lanes passage群岛基线archipelagic baseline 群岛水域archipelagic water群岛制度institution of archipelago 群岛原则regime of archipelago 定常基线normal baseline 直线基缝straight baseline专属经济区exclusive economic zone 专属渔区exclusive fishing zone 管理management 海岸带管理coastal zone management 海藉sea area use register 海藉管理management of sea area use register 海上倾倒dumping at sea 岛屿管理management of sea islands 海洋管理marine management海洋行业管理management by marine trades海洋环境管理marine environmental management海洋权益管理marine right and interests management海洋资源管理marine resources management海域使用法律制度legal regime for the sea area use海域使用管理management of the sea area use海域使用论证feasibility assessment of the sea area use海洋环境marine environment海洋环境保护marine environmental protection海洋环境评价marine environmental assessment海洋环境污染损害marine environmental pollution damage海洋环境影响评价marine environmental impact assessment海洋环境质量marine environmental quality海洋环境质量评价marine environmental quality assessment海洋[环境]自然保护区marine [environmental] nature reserve;marine protected area海洋污染控制marine pollution control 海洋污染物marine pollutant 海洋污染物背景值marine pollutant background潮流预报tidal current forecast 海冰预报sea ice forecast风暴潮预警报storm surge forecasting and warning海浪预报ocean wave forecast 海啸警报tsunami forecast海洋环境警报marine environmental alarm海洋环境预报marine environmental forecasting；marine environmental prediction海洋数值预报numerical forecast of marine海洋灾害评估disaster assessment of marine[海洋]地质勘探 geologic prospecting 大面观测sea area observation [海洋]调查oceanographic survey; oceanographic investigation海洋环境监测marine environment monitoring海洋环境监视marine monitoring 定点观测fixed point observation 标准断面调查standard selection investigation定时观测timed observation 断面观测sectional observation辅助观测opportune observation[海洋]常规监测continuous observation海洋连续观测continuous observation[海洋]遥感[观测] [marine] remote sensing [observation][海洋]走航观测[ocean] cruising observation海洋反演数据oceanographic inversion data海洋历史数据（信息、资料）oceanographic history data (information、material) 海洋实测数据oceanography observed data海洋实时数据oceanography timely data标准体系standards system 海洋标准marine standard海洋标准化oceanography standardization ; marine standardization技术法规technical regulation 海洋计量oceanographic metrology 国家法定计量单位national legal unit of measurement[海洋计量器具的]检定verification[of a oceanographic measuring instrument] 海洋[特殊]量marine quantity 海洋要素marine elements 海洋[特殊]量值marine value[of a marine quantity]参比性能特性reference performance characteristic附加误差additive error 海洋测量仪器oceanographic instrument [海洋测量仪器的]计量性能metrological characteristic [of a oceanographic instrument] [海洋测量仪器的]准确度accuracy [of a oceanographic instrument [海洋测量仪器]响应时间response time [of a oceanographic instrument] [海洋测量仪器]响应特性response characteristic [of a oceanographic instrument][海洋测量仪器]影响量influence quantities [of a oceanographic instrument][海洋测量仪器]准确度等级accuracy class [of a oceanographic instrument]海洋仪器设备oceanographic instruments and equipments[海洋仪器设备]安全性safety [of a oceanographic instrument][海洋仪器设备]参考条件reference conditions [of a oceanographic instrument]；reference conditions [of a marine instrument][海洋仪器设备]额定操作条件rated operating conditions [of a oceanographic instrument]；rated operating conditions [of a marine instrument]；[海洋仪器设备]极限条件limiting conditions [of a oceanographic instrument]；limiting conditions [of a marine instrument]；[海洋仪器设备]互换性interchangeability [of a oceanographic instrument]；interchangeability [of a marine instrument]；[海洋仪器设备]环境适应性environment applicability [of a oceanographic instrument]；environment applicability [of a marine instrument]；[海洋仪器设备]可靠度reliability [of a oceanographic instrument]；reliability [of a marine instrument]；[海洋仪器设备]可靠性reliability [of a oceanographic instrument]；reliability performance[of a marine instrument]；[海洋仪器设备]可信性creditability [of a oceanographic instrument]；creditability [of a marine instrument]；[海洋仪器设备]配套性suitability [ of a oceanographic instrument ]suitability [of a marine equipment][海洋仪器设备]通用要求general specifications[of a marine equipment] general specifications [ of a oceanographic instrument ] [海洋仪器设备]相容性compatibility [of a marine equipment]compatibility [ of a oceanographic instrument ] [海洋仪器设备] 性能特性performance characteristic [ of a oceanographic instrument ]performance characteristic [of a marine equipment]基本误差intrinsic error有证参考物质certified reference material ,CRM（缩写）海水sea water 海面水温sea surface temperature(SST)现场温度in situ temperature 等温线isotherm温度深度图bathythermogram 暖水舌warm water tongue冷水舌cold water tongue 暖水圈warm water sphere冷水圈cold water sphere 盐度salinity1978实用盐标Practical Salinity Scale 1978(PSS 78)绝对盐度absolute salinity 实用盐度practical salinity等盐线isohaline 盐舌salinity tongue盐指salt finger 盐【水】楔salt water wedge温盐图解T-S diagram 温盐指标T.S.index热盐结构thermohaline structure 海水密度sea water density现场密度in situ density 密度超量density excess海水比容specific volume of sea water 现场比容in situ specific volume 比容偏差specific volume anomaly 热比容偏差thermosteric anomaly 铅直稳定度vertical stability 对流混合convective mixing涡动混合turbulent mixing 潮混合tidal mixing【混合】增密cabbeling,caballing 温跃层thermocline主【温】跃层main thermocline 季节性【温】跃层seasonal thermocline 盐跃层halocline 密度跃层pycnocline内波internal wave 拟置层inversion layer均匀层homogeneous layer 混合层mixed layer ，mixing layer大洋对流层oceanic troposphere 层化海洋stratified ocean冷涡cold eddy 暖涡warm eddy水型water type 水团water mass水系water system 表层水surface water次表层水subsurface water 中层水intermediate water深层水deep water 底层水bottom water沿岸水coastal water 中央水central water南极绕极水团Antarctica Circumpolar Water Mass北极水Arctic water ; North Polar Water副热带模态水subtropical mode water黄海冷水团Huanghai（Yellow Wea）Cold Water Mass长江冲淡水Changjiang Diluted Water ; Changjiang River Plume 赤道辐合带Equatorial Convergence Zone 海洋锋oceanic front细结构finestructure 微结构microstructure 海面斑带slick 海洋湍流oceanic turbulence双扩散double diffusion 海水状态方程sea water state equation 海色sea colour 水色water colour海水透明度sea water transparency 海流ocean current总环流general circulation 大洋环流ocean circulation热盐环流thermohaline circulation 热盐对流thermohaline convection 深渊环流abyssal circulation 赤道流equatorial current漂流drift current 西风漂流west wind drift南极绕极流Antarctic Circumpolar Current西边界流western boundary current 风海流wind-driven current地转流geostrophic current 密度流density current坡度流slope current 信风海流trade wind current季风海流monsoon current 补偿流compensation current 逆流counter current 赤道逆流Equatorial Counter current 赤道潜流Equatorial Under current太平洋赤道潜流Pacific Equatorial Under current大西洋赤道潜流Atlantic Equatorial Under current印度洋赤道潜流Indian Equatorial Under current上升流：upwelling 下降流：downwelling沿岸流：coastal current 渤海沿岸流：Bohai Coastal Current 黄海沿岸流：Huanghai（Yellow Sea）Coastal Current东海沿岸流Donghai （East China Sea）Coastal Current南海沿岸流：Nanhai （South China Sea）Coastal Current顺岸流longshore current 表层流surface current次表层流subsurface current 深层流deep current底层流bottom current 暖流：warm current黄海暖流：Huanghai （Yellow Sea）Warm current台湾暖流：Taiwan Warm current 黑潮：Kuroshio南海暖流：Nanhai （South China Sea）Warm current对马海流：Tsushima Current 湾流：Gulf Stream寒流：cold current 亲潮：oyashio余流: residual current 流涡：gyre流环ring 体积运输volume transport动力方法：dynamic method 无运动面：level of no motion位势高度：potential height 风因子wind factor埃克曼漂流Ekman drift current 埃克曼深度Ekman depth埃克曼层Ekman layer 埃克曼螺旋Ekman spiral埃克曼输运Ekman transport 埃克曼抽吸Ekman pumping 底摩擦层bottom friction layer 斜压海洋baroclinic ocean正压海洋barotropic ocean 中尺度涡mesoscale eddy卷吸entrainment 波流wave-induced current（wave current）裂流rip current 海浪ocean wave风区fetch 风时wind duration最小风区minimum fetch 最小风时minimum duration等效风区equivalent fetch 等效风时equivalent duration波高wave height 有效波significant wave波周期wave period 波陡wave steepness波龄wave age 波候wave climate毛细波capillary wave 重力波gravitational wave孤立波solitary wave 边沿波edge wave陆架波shelf wave 潜水波shallow water wave 深水波deep water wave 浅水系数shoaling factor短峰波short—crested wave 长峰波long-crested wave规则波regular wave 不规则波irregular wave波浪爬高swash height 船行波ship wave余摆[线]波trochoidal wave 椭[圆]余[弦]波cnoidal wave椭[圆]余摆[线]波elliptic trochoidal wave 斯托克斯波stokes wave 俘获波trapped wave 碎波breaker , surf崩碎波（崩顶碎波）spilling breaker 激碎波（激散碎波）surging breaker 卷碎波（卷跃碎波）plunging breaker 碎波带surf zone风浪wind wave 白冠whitecap波群wave group 充分成长的风浪fully developed sea 波级wave scale 波峰线wave crest line海浪谱ocean wave spectrum 方向波谱directional wave spectrum 海浪反射ocean wave reflection 海浪折射ocean wave refraction 海浪绕射ocean wave diffraction 涌浪swell先行涌forerunner 潮汐tide 潮位tide level高潮high water (HW) 低潮low water (LW)潮差tidal range 涨潮flood 落潮ebb大潮spring tides 小潮neap tides 双高潮double flood 双低潮double ebb 平潮still tide 停朝water stand 潮升tidal rise 引潮力tide-generating force引潮势tidal potential 天文潮：astronomical tide 假想天体：fictitious body 平衡潮：equilibrium tide分潮：tidal component tidal constituent 半日潮：semi-diurnal tide全日潮：diurnal tide 太阴潮：lunar tide 太阳潮：solar tide 回归潮：tropic tide 分点潮：equinoctial tide 潮龄：tide age 分潮日：constituent day 分潮时：constituent hour太阴潮间隙：lunar tide interval 倍潮：overtide复合潮：compound tide 辐射潮：radiational tide混合潮：mixed tide 日不等【现象】：diurnal inequality潮流tidal current 旋转流rotary current往复流alternating current 转流turn of tidal current潮余流tide-induced residual current 潮流椭圆current ellipse潮波tidal wave 旋转潮波系统amphidromic system,amphidrome无潮点amphidromic point 内潮internal tide 假潮seiche涌潮tidal bore 钱塘江涌潮qiantang reiver tidal bore同潮图cotidal chart 潮能tidal energy气象潮meteorological tide 风暴潮storm surge海啸tsunami 异常水位anomalous sea level平均海面mean sea level 海面sea level海图基准面datum of chart 潮汐基准面tidal datum半潮面half-tide level 潮汐调和分析harmonic analysis of tide 潮汐调和常数harmonic constants of tide潮汐非调和常数nonharmonic constant of tide 潮汐表tide tables 最高天文潮位highest astronomical tide(HAT)最低天文潮位lowest astronomical tide(LAT) 海冰sea ice陆源冰ice of land origin 固定冰fast ice 流冰pack ice浮冰floating ice 浮冰群floating ice massif 岸冰shore ice 冰脚ice foot 底座冰ground ice 锚冰anchor ice 初生冰new ice 冰壳ice rind 莲叶冰pancake ice 尼罗冰nilas ice 初期冰young ice 一年冰first-year ice 老年冰old ice 冰期ice cover 海冰密集度ice concentration 冰缘线ice edge 裸冰bare ice 雪盖冰snow covered ice平整冰level ice 变形冰deformed ice 重叠冰rafted ice堆积冰hummocked ice 冰丘hummock 冰脊ridge冰原ice field 碎冰brash ice 冰间水道lead，lane冰间湖polynya 冰架ice shelf 冰山iceberg冰岛ice island 水下冰脚ram海洋（性）气候maritime climate，marine climate海—气相互作用air-sea interaction南方涛动southern oscillation，SO 厄尔尼诺海—气边界过程air-sea boundary process海—气热交换ocean-atmosphere heat exchange海洋气团maritime air mass 海面反照率sea surface albedo海陆风land and sea breezes 海雾sea fog 海龙卷waterspout蜃景mirage 海洋生物学marine bio-acoustics海洋声速sound velocity in the sea 浅海传播shallow water propagation 深海传播deep sea propagation 传播损失transmission loss传播异常propagation anomaly 汇聚区convergence zone海水声吸收sound absorption in sea water 声道sound channel表层声道surface sound channel 深海声道deep sea sound channel 混合层声道mixed layer sound channel 海底声反射bottom reflection 掠射角grazing angle 海面混响surface reverberation 海底混响bottom reverberation 体积混响volume reverberation 海底散射bottom scattering 体积散射volume scattering 深海散射层deep scattering layer．DSL 海洋噪声sea noise海洋环境噪声ambient sea noise 海洋生物噪声marine biological noise 流体动力噪声hydrodynamic noise 风生噪声wind-generated noise 回声测距echo ranging 水声换能器underwater acoustic transducer 声呐sonar (sound navigation and ranging)声遥感acoustic remote sensing 水中对比度contrast in water海面向上辐射radiation from the sea surface海洋光学遥感oceanic optical remote sensing水中对比度传输contrast transmission in water水下“窗口” unde rwater window 衰减长度attenuation length 海色指数sea color index 水中能见度visibility in water 海洋辐射传递radiative transfer in ocean海水电导率conductivity of sea water海水磁导率permeability of .sea water海水离子迁移率ion mobility of sea water海洋电磁场marine electromagnetic field潮感电磁场tide-induced electromagnetic field浪感电磁场wave-induced electromagnetic field。