机电专业英语第2版电子教案unit 3
Unit 3 Machine Tools
I．Lead-in
Information related to the text
How many types of basic machine tools are there? Do you know what parts can be processed with these machine tools? Do you know the differences among these machine tools? Do you know how these machine tools are used in the cutting a metal?
In this unit, you’ll learn the knowledge about the five basic machine tools. Now, let’s study key words and phrases together.
II. Word Study
1. drill [dril] n. 钻床，钻头，训练; vt. 钻孔，训练vi. 钻孔；训练
1) related phrases：drill press 钻床；twist drill麻花钻；hand drill 手电钻
2）The workers are using the advanced electric drill.
工人们正在使用先进的电子钻。
3) The dentist drilled a hole in the tooth.
牙科医生在牙齿上钻个洞。
2. lathe [leie] n. 车床vt. 用车床加工
1) related phrases：lathe tool[机]车刀；lathe bed车床床身；lathe chuck 车床卡盘
2) Existing lathe, CNC lathe, milling machine, grinder and other equipment more than 10.
现有车床、数控车床、铣床、磨床等各类设备10余台。
3) He turned the wood on a lathe.
他在车床上车削了那块木料。
3. milling [mil] n. 磨，制粉，【机械学】铣削；v. 碾磨；磨成粉
1) related phrases：milling machines 铣床，milling cutter铣削刀具, milling planer龙门铣床, milling spindle铣刀轴
2) High-speed spindle system is one of the keys to high-speed milling.
高速主轴系统是高速铣削的关键之一。
3) The factory has lathes, milling machines, grinding machine, planer, line cutting, EDM, processing centres and other facilities.
本厂拥有车床，铣床，磨床，刨床，线切割，电火花，加工中心等设备。
4. grinder ['ɡraind?] n. 磨床，研磨机；研磨者；[机]磨工；[医]臼齿
1) related phrases：surface grinder 平面磨机；cylindrical grinder 外圆磨床；buff grinder 抛光机
2）Cylindrical Grinder also undertake the processing.
同时还承接外圆磨床加工。
3）Basic operation skill for Surface Grinder, Milling Machine and Lathe, Knowledge in basic engineering drawing and basic mold tooling concept.
能操作熟悉平面磨床，手动铣床，车床等设备，能看懂基本的工程图纸，具备基本的模具概念。
5. boring [b?:] n. 钻孔，镗削vt.钻(孔)，【机械学】镗(孔)；adj.无聊的
1) related phrases：boring bar镗杆；钻杆；horizontal boring and turning mill 卧式镗床；boring cutter镗刀
2) It is very important that determine arbor size when planning process of boring on lathe.
在制定车床上镗孔的工艺规程时，镗刀杆尺寸的确定十分重要。
3) Today is a boring day.
今天是个无聊的一天。
4）Marriage is not love, is often trivial and more boring, less passion and romance.
婚姻不像爱情，往往是多了琐碎和枯燥，少了激情与浪漫。
III．Language points
1. Tapping is the process of cutting a thread inside a hole so that a cap screw
or bolt may be threaded into it.
译文：攻丝是在孔里切出螺纹的过程，以便螺钉或螺栓能旋合进去。
说明：句中process of …的过程，so that a cap screw or bolt may be threaded into it作目的状语。
threaded [θ'redid] adj. 有线状图案装饰的v. 穿过；穿线于（thread的过去分词）
1) related phrases：threaded connection 螺纹连接；threaded bush 套筒螺母
2）Each lever has two threaded connectors for chain installation.
每个杆都有两个螺纹连接器用于链条安装。
3）Each end is threaded to allow the installation of valves, connections, or relief devices. 每一端都车有螺纹，以安装阀门、接头或减压装置。
2. For turning operations, the lathe uses a single-point cutting tool, which removes metal as it travels past the revolving workpiece.
译文：在车削操作中，车床用一个单刃切削刀具在旋转的工件上进行金属切削。
说明：句中which removes metal引导非限制性定语从句修饰 a single-point cutting tool, as it travels past the revolving workpiece.是时间状语从句。
turning ['t?:ni?] n. 转向；旋转；回转；转弯处v. 旋转（turn的ing形式）
1) related phrases：turning moment 转矩；turning machine 车床
2）The top is turning like a screw. 那顶端象螺丝一样地旋转着。
3）Spin the pendulum round by turning the red knob.
转动红色的把手使钟摆开始转动。
3. Milling can produce flat or angled surfaces, grooves, slots, gear teeth, and other profiles, depending on the shape of the cutters being used.
译文：铣削根据所用的铣刀形状可分别加工平面或斜面、槽口、缝、齿
轮的齿和其他的型面。
说明：句中depending on the shape of the cutters being used作伴随状语。
4. In shaping, the cutting tool on a shaper reciprocates or moves back and forth while the work is fed automatically towards the tool.
译文：在刨削的操作中，当工件自动朝刀具方向进给时，牛头刨床上的刀具作往复或前后移动。
说明：句中while the work is fed automatically towards the tool作时间状语从句。reciprocate [ri'sipr?keit]vt. 报答；互换；互给vi. 往复运动；互换1）The piston is reciprocating inside cylinder.
活塞在汽缸内部往复运动。
2）I hope I can reciprocate your hospitality some time.
我希望下次能回报你的热情款待。
句中，back and forth反复地，来回地
1）COM links all of components in the system together, enabling them to pass requests and information back and forth.
COM将系统中的所有组件连接在一起，允许它们来回传送请求和信息。
2）She walked back and forth on the path.
她在小路上来来回回地走着。
5. Precision grinding is concerned with grinding to close tolerances and very smooth finish.
译文：精磨应用于接近于精密公差和光洁度很高的磨削。
说明：句中be concerned with涉及…，关于…，与…有关
1）Scholars and researches should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society.
我们不应该仅仅关注学者和研究者的著作能否对社会做出贡献。
说明：close tolerances紧公差；严格的容限
1) related phrases：close-tolerance forging精确（公差）锻件；close tolerance
flame cutting 高精度火焰切割
2）Our casting process ensure high consistent quality casting and our uniquely designed. High-precision machining equipment can produce part within close tolerance at all time.
严密的生产管理，先进的工艺设计，精密的设备，在任务时候都能保证生产出高质量的零件。
3）Bar codes are difficult for printing for its close tolerance.
条形码的印刷质量要求比较高，因而它的印刷难度较大。
说明：句中，smooth finish光洁度；光面精整；光泽装饰
1）Enhances the product the smooth finish, the enhancement perspective rate; 提高产品的光泽度，增强透视度；
IV. Translating Skills
引申译法
英汉两种语言在表达上有很大差别。翻译时，有些词或词组不能直接搬用词典中的释义，若生搬硬套，会使译文生硬晦涩，难以看懂，甚至造成误解。所以，要在弄清原文内涵的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系和汉语的搭配习惯，对词义加以引申。若遇到有关专业方面的内容，必须选用专业方面的术语。引申后的词义能更确切地表达原文意义。例如：
1. However, colors can give more force to the form of the product.
欠佳译法：然而，色彩能给予产品更多的力量。
引申译法：然而，色彩能使产品外形增添美感。
2. Power plugs are male electrical connectors that fit into female electrical
sockets.
欠佳译法：电源插头是雄性连接器适配雌性连接器。
引申译法：电源插头可以插入电源插座。
3 There is a wide area of performance duplication between numerical control and automatics.
引申译法：数控和自动化机床有很多相同的性能。
4. High-speed grinding does not know this disadvantage.
引申译法: 高速磨床不存在这个缺点。
5. The charge current depends upon the technology and capacity of the
battery being charged.
引申译法：充电电流的大小根据充电技术和电池容量的不同而不同。
V. Key to Exercises of the text.
Ex. I.
1.Many different cylindrical shapes, such as axes, gear blanks, pulleys, threaded shafts and some holes can be processed with lathes.
2. The milling machine, the shaper or planer and the grinder can produce flat surfaces.
3. Tapping is the process of cutting a thread inside a hole so that a cap screw or bolt may be threaded into it.
Ex. II.
1.F
2.F
3.F
4.F
Ex. III.
1．麻花钻 2. 切削刃 3. 光洁度
4．根据所用的铣刀形状,铣削可分别加工平面、槽口、缝、轮齿及其他的型面。
5．车削用来切削不同的圆柱形，如轴、齿轮毛坯、滑轮、丝杆等。
Key to Exercises of the reading
Ex. I.
1. Because the head of the jig borer is similar to a drill press, and the table is very much like that of a vertical milling machine.
2. Since the work can be clamped securely to the table that moves back and forth and in and out and since the drilling head is made with great precision, holes may be located and drilled more accurately on this machine than on any other machine tool.
3. Precision end measuring rods are used on many jig borers.
Ex. II.
1.longitudinal and transverse table movements
2. lead screw
3. measuring rod
4. optical system
VI. 阅读材料参考译文
坐标镗床
坐标镗床既类似于钻床又类似于立式铣床。其主轴箱类似于钻床，而工作台则与立式铣床极为相似。坐标镗床用来加工尺寸要求非常精确的钻模、夹具和冲模。由于工件能可靠地固定在作纵向、横向运动的工作台上，又由于主轴箱的制造精度很高，所以在这种机床上，孔的定位和钻削要比其它任何机床更精确。
坐标镗床的坐标测量系统用来确定工作台的纵向和横向运动量。最简单的系统之一是以两根丝杆为基础的。另外一个为许多坐标镗床所采用的系统是以精密量棒为基础的。有些坐标镗床装有电气或光学测量系统。
(完整版)机电专业英语
一．单词翻译(英译汉，汉译英共20分） compound pulley 组合滑轮 screw 螺丝 worm gear 涡轮 clearance fit 间隙配合 transition fit 过渡配合 interference fit 过盈配合 ground teeth 精密齿 gear reductions 齿轮减速比aluminum 铝 brass 黄铜 bronze 青铜 cast iron 铸铁 carbon 碳钢 alloy steel 合金钢 hardened steel 硬化钢 stainless steel 不锈钢 plastic materials 塑料材料 gear teeth 齿轮 straight-toothed 直齿轮 rack and pinion 齿条和齿轮 straight bevel gears 直齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gears 弧齿锥齿轮friction 摩擦 lubrication 润滑 lubricant 润滑剂 full fluid film lubrication 全液态薄膜润滑 boundary lubrication 边界润滑elastrohydrodynamic lubrication 流体弹性动力润滑 proton 质子 neutron 中子 parallel circuit 并联电路 series circuit 串联电路 electron 电子 inductor 电感 capacitor 电容 conductor 导体 semiconductor 半导体 metal-oxide-semiconductor 金属氧化物半导体 integrated circuit 集成电路integrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片 dopant 掺杂剂 mask 掩膜 doping 掺杂 photoresist 感光胶 etch 蚀刻法 dielectric 非传导性（电介质）rung 梯级 branch 分支 instructions 指令 power rails 母线 quantity 数量 parameter 参数 ladder diagram 梯形逻辑图 ON-delay timer 通电延时定时器OFF-delay timer 断电延时定时器retentive timer 保持定时器proximity timer 接近开关electromechanical control 机电控制mobile robots 可移动机器人manipulator robots 操作机器人 self reconfigurable robots 自变形（重装）机器人 Analog-to-Digital Converter A/D模数转换器 Digital-to-Analog Converter D/A模数转换器 ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)专用采集电路 Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换 Z-transform Z变换 valve 阀 pump 泵 motor 发动机 cavitation 气穴 hydraulic 液压的 equilibrium position 平衡位置vibration(oscillation) 振动transducer 饱和电抗器,传感器，变频器 reservoir 油箱 pump with electric motor 电力马达泵unloader and safety relief valve 减荷
新视野大学英语读写教程Book2-Unit3-电子教案
Unit 3 A Successful Career Teaching Focus
Teaching Plan
Leading In and Exploring the Topic Divide the class into groups of four and allow the Ss 5 minutes to finish the exercise in Exploring the Topic. Give the Ss 5 minutes to discuss the following two questions: 1) What do you intend to choose as a career in the future and why? 2) How will you prepare yourself for your future career? Ask some volunteers to share their answers to the above question with the class. Section A Reading Through Ask Ss to go through Text A quickly and then finish the exercise of Getting the Message on P44 of SB. Check the understanding by eliciting answers from some students. Highlight some difficult sentences and elicit explanations from students and give helps where necessary. Allow the Ss 3 minutes to write down a sentence showing he or she has learned from the story. Give the Ss some sentence structures to help them write longer sentences. Ask some students to share their sentences with the class. Basic Writing Skills Prepare a PPT with the exercise on P48 of SB. Ask some students to tell their choices to the class and explain why they have those choices. Analyze the keys to those choices by explaining the rules of shifts in tense listed on P47-48.
机电专业英语复习题及答案(可编辑修改word版)
机电专业英语期末复习试题 一．选择题 1.If all points in a linkage move in parallel planes the system undergoes plan ar motion and the linkage may be described as a . A.planar motion B. planar linkage C. joints D. slide 2.Though frame material and design should handle damping, are sometimes built into frame sections to handle specific problems. A .beams B. holes C. dampers D. screw 3.The maximum allowable deflection of a shaft determined by critical s peed, gear, or bearing requirements. A. often B. must C. was D. is usually 4.We will have to to better and better solutions as we generate more in formation. A. repeat many times B. iterating C. iterate D. try ways 5.If a product configuration is specified and then examined to determ ine whether the performance requirements are met. A. finally B. tentatively C. temporary D. have been 6.Manufacturing can be defined as the of raw materials into useful prod ucts through the use of the easiest and lest-expensive methods. A. transformation B. processing C. process D. transforming 7.The planer and knee types of milling machine is because of its flexibi lity. https://www.360docs.net/doc/3514992038.html,ed most commonly B. most popular C. the most commonly used D. mo st powerful 8.As a result, the system will vibrate at the frequency of the force re gardless of the initial conditions or natural frequency of the system. A. action B. excitation C. out D. act 9.Before two components are assembled together, the relationship between the d imensions of the mating surfaces . A.must be giving out B. should printed clearly C. must be specified D . should be clearly noted 10.The main practical advantage of lower pairs is their better ability to trap lubricant between their surfaces. A. enveloping B. mating C. outer D. outside 11.The word itself usually refers to the deterioration of metals and cer amics, while similar phenomena in plastics generally called . A. recrystallization…. corrosion B. recrystallization…degradation C. degradation…corrosion D. corrosion… degradation 12.Most frames cast iron, weld steel, composition, or concrete. A. are made from B. are made up of C. was produced by D. was consist of 13.Rotating shafts particularly those that run at high speeds, must be designe d to avoid operation at speeds. A . low B .overload C. critical D. hollow
(完整版)《机电工程专业英语》A卷.doc
四川理工学院成人高等教育 《机电工程专业英语》试卷（ A 卷） 年级三年级 专业机电一体化 ZK931101 层次专科 号 题号一二三四五六七八总分评阅(统分)人 学 题分20 30 20 30 得 分 注意事项： 线 名 1.满分 100 分。要求卷面整洁、字迹工整、无错别字。 姓 订 生 2.考生必须将“学生姓名”和“学号”完整、准确、清楚地填写在试卷规定的地方，否则视为 学 装 此 废卷。 过 3.考生必须在签到表上签到，否则若出现遗漏，后果自负。 要 得分 评阅教师 级 不 一、选择题： 班 题 业 专 答 选择括号中提供的单词或短语，并以正确的形式填空。 （每空 2 分，共 20 分） ( send out, focus on, deny, prove, make sure, equip with, shock, accomplish, vary from, call ) （ 1） A week ago he received a notice stating his application was . （ 2） Effective teaching is the learning needs of each student in the class. （ 3） His mother when she heard about the accident. ) （ 4） He a number of e-mail messages to his friends. 班 （ 5） Position measurement in NC machines 属 can through direct or indirect methods. 直 ( （ 6） The actual programming commands needed will 点 also builder to builder. 学 （ 7） This method to be very successful. 教 （8） that the instructions for the use of this high pre are strictly observed. （9） The majority of NC/CNCmachine tools automatic too such as magazines on machining center and turrets on turning centers. （10） The movements are detected and counted by a feedback device a transducer. 得分 评阅教师 二、名词解释： 写出下列英文缩写的全称 ,并翻译成中文。 （每题 3 分，共 30 分） （ 1） PLC （ 2） CIM （ 3） AGV （ 4） FMS （ 5） ROM （ 6） CPU （ 7） CNC （ 8） CAD （ 9） GUI （ 10） JIT 得分 评阅教师 三、汉译英： 将下列术语翻译成英文。 （每题 2 分，共 20 分） （ 1） 在线编程 （ 2） 装配有（某设备） （ 3） 钻床 （ 4） 齿轮加工 （ 5） 穿孔纸带 （ 6） 切削中心 （ 7） 加工中心 （ 8） 光电开关 （ 9） 显示面板 （ 10） 超声波加工 得分 评阅教师 四、英译汉
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程Book2-Unit3-电子教案
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程B o o k2-U n i t3-电子教案 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
Unit 3 A Successful Career Teaching Focus Teaching Plan
Leading In and Exploring the Topic Divide the class into groups of four and allow the Ss 5 minutes to finish the exercise in Exploring the Topic. Give the Ss 5 minutes to discuss the following two questions: 1) What do you intend to choose as a career in the future and why 2) How will you prepare yourself for your future career? Ask some volunteers to share their answers to the above question with the class. Section A Reading Through Ask Ss to go through Text A quickly and then finish the exercise of Getting the Message on P44 of SB. Check the understanding by eliciting answers from some students. Highlight some difficult sentences and elicit explanations from students and give helps where necessary. Allow the Ss 3 minutes to write down a sentence showing he or she has learned from the story. Give the Ss some sentence structures to help them write longer sentences. Ask some students to share their sentences with the class. Basic Writing Skills Prepare a PPT with the exercise on P48 of SB. Ask some students to tell their choices to the class and explain why they have those choices. Analyze the keys to those choices by explaining the rules of shifts in tense listed on P47-48.
外研社 新职业英语 第二版 职业综合英语1 教案unit3(1)
外研社新职业英语第二版职业综合英语1 Unit3教案1 授课时间 班 周星期第节 班 周星期第节 班 周星期第节 课次12 学时数 2 授课形式 （请打√） 纯理论□纯实践□理实一体化□习题课□其他□授课题目Unit3 Business Meals: Lead–in &Reading A: Deals over Meals 教学目的Ss learn how to arrange the table seats for an English banquet Ss Understand the main idea and structure of the text 教学重点 1. The usages of new words and expressions in reading A 2. Understanding of Reading A 教学难点 1. How to use the key words and expressions in Reading A 2. Analysis on the text structure 使用的教 具/多媒体 /仪器/仪 表/设备等 Textbook; PPT;CD 教学方法Case teaching; Pair-work; Analyzing 参考资料English for Careers (Book1)
教学基本内容及设计Unit 1. Reading A: Deals over Meals I.Warm-up (10’) Task Complete the following table seating arrangement. Principles of Seating Arrangement Guest Information II. Reading A: Secretaries (80’) 1.Lead-in 2.Global reading (1) Listen to the passage while reading and think about the main idea of each paragraph. (2) Information collection a. Skimming Task1 Read the passage. Then match the business meals with their characteristics. b. Scanning Task 2 Decide which of the fo llowing behaviors are Do’s or Don’ts for business meals according to the passage. 3.Intensive reading a. Text structure analysis Para 1: Westerners do business over all kinds of meals. Para 2: Different meals have different characteristics. Para 3: Watch your behavior during business meals. Para 4: Mastery of good table manners is of great help. Para 5: Polite dinning at the table pays. b. Language Points entertain: e.g. 1. I’ll entertain my friends over the weekend. 2. The child was entertaining himself with his toys. build up: to build; to increase, or become bigger or stronger gradually
机电工程专业英语
Unit 1 原子钟 电子或电子计时装置是由原子或分子的震荡控制的。一个计时装置必须包含或者连到一些均匀震荡的的仪器上来控制指针的移动的频率或者数字改变的频率。机械钟或者手表利用震荡平衡轮，钟摆和音叉。更高的精度或许利用原子或分子震荡，因为这种震荡频率如此高，不肯能用他们做控制时钟的直接手段.。然而，这种钟被一种高速平稳输出可以自动增加而且可以与原子系统的比较的晶体振荡器控制。这种震荡器的错误会自动改正。时间通常是由数字原子时钟或者其他的复杂的读数设备显示的。 第一个原子时钟，发明与1948年，利用氨分子的振动。一对这样的时钟之间的误差，也就是说，在指定的时间如果两者统一瞬间启动然后比较,区别通常是三千年差一秒。在1955年，第一个铯束时钟（一种利用铯原子发射精密频率的微波光谱线作为参考的设备），在英国的特丁顿国家物理实验所投放操作。美国的标准是nist f-1，他是在1999年进入服务的并且在两千万年里不会快或者慢一秒。一个喷泉原子钟，NIST F-1原子钟包含由高3英尺的垂直管的内部结构.他用激光冷却铯原子，在空气中用激光摇匀形成铯原子团。特别像一个摇匀的网球。形成喷泉效果。这允许原子比以前的任何时钟都要观察的远。 许多世界国家的标准实验室保存着原子钟，用这些时钟平均产生叫TAI的标准来维持时间。高精度的时间信号是来源于这些标准实验室通过短波无线广播站或者人造卫星向全世界传播的。这种信号被用来跟踪太空飞行器，电子导航系统和地壳的瞬间的研究等事情。这些精确的时钟使利用实验证明了一个很大的预言-爱因斯坦的相对论成为可能。原子钟的原型是用氢原子或者铍原子这样的原子可以几千年仍可以很准确。比如：美国家标准与技术研究院的研究人员已经证明过渡在一个基于能源困汞离子（汞原子丢失了一个电子）的时钟潜在着比目前时钟精确度高达1000倍。 Unit 2 制动（刹车）系统 制动（刹车）踏板或者用手杆来激活（启动）刹车（制动），对于低功率的机器或者车，操作人员通常可以提供足够的力通过一个简单的机械运动把刹车踏板或者操作杆联系到刹车的部分上。然而，大多数情况下，这种力可以通过一种精心制作的系统来增加。 空气制动系统 空气制动系统是一种早期的系统用来增加制动力，也可以叫做空气制动，它是由美国乔治西屋的制造商发明的并与1868年第一次使用在乘客火车上。现在他被广泛应用在铁路火车上。它的基本原理是利用压缩运动空气使油箱的活塞安放在车轮上的闸块式制动器。动作同时作用在火车车厢的轮子上。通过连轴器连接的车厢之间通过用结实的管子传递空气。与此同时，通过工程师控制他释放在所有的单独的闸块式制动器部位。在制动管损坏，泄露或者是刹车部位损坏，它有自动提供所有闸块式刹车设置。空气制动系统也被应用在地铁，有轨电车，公共汽车和卡车。
《机械工程专业英语》教学大纲
《机械工程专业英语》课程教学大纲 一、课程的基本情况 课程中文名称: 机械工程专业英语 课程英文名称： ENGLISH IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 课程代码：0304030 课程类别：必修 课程学分：２分 课程学时：18 授课对象：机电（电专）学生 前导课程：机械设计、机械原理、大学英语 二、教学目的 机械工程专业英语是机械工程及自动化专业的一门指选专业课程。其教学目的是使学生完成大学英语的教学后及时转入专业英语阅读，巩固已经掌握的基本词汇和语法知识,扩大专业词汇，掌握科技文章的语法结构，提高英语应用能力，特别是阅读、翻译本专业英语文献的能力。达到以英语为工具，获取专业所需要的信息。 三、教学基本要求 第1课力学基本概念 Lesson 1 Basic Concepts in Mechanics 重点：力学的基本词汇和力学知识 第3课力和力矩 Lesson 3 Forces and Moments 重点：力学的基本词汇和基本知识 第5课轴和联轴器 Lesson 5 Shafts and Couplings 重点：轴的基本词汇和基本知识 第13课机构 Lesson 13 Mechanism 重点：机构的基本词汇和基本知识 第17课机械设计基础 Lesson 17 Fundamentals of Mechanical Design 重点：机械设计的基本词汇和基本知识 第45课计算机与制造业 Lesson 45 The computer and Manufacturing 重点：计算机与制造业的基本词汇和基本知识 翻译技巧：词类转换 第49课数字控制 Lesson 49 Numerical Control 重点：数字控制的基本词汇和基本知识 翻译技巧：成分转换 第53课工业机器人
新职业英语2unit1unit3原文译文
Unit 1 Each day, many people are looking for trends in workplace clothing, so that they can “fit in”with the fashionable or well-dressed crowd. They believe that dressing in the latest fashion trends may give them the reputation of being fashionable and trendy. While it is more than possible to do this, you need to display caution. 许多人每天都在捕捉职场时装的潮流，以便能与那些衣着时尚得体的人们步调一致。他们认为按最新潮流穿衣打扮能为自己赢得时尚和时髦的好名声。尽管这样做合情合理，你还是要小心谨慎。 What many people do not realize is that there are a number of pros and cons of relying on workplace fashion trends. One of those pros was mentioned above. When you wear a fashionable outfit to work, there is a good chance that you will receive a lot of compliments on your outfit. This is a nice feeling and it is one that makes many feel proud. 许多人并没有意识到，追随职场时装潮流有利也有弊。好处之一，正如上面所提到的，穿一套时髦的衣服去上班，很可能会得到一堆夸奖。这种感觉很不错，也让人引以为豪。 But the truth is that there are many more cons of relying on workplace fashion trends than there are pros. For instance, workplace fashion trends do not always distinguish between jobs and careers. If you work at a trendy coffee shop or retail store, chances are that the dress code would be casual clothing. However, if you work at a law office or an insurance company, you may be required to dress more professionally. Unfortunately, many workplace fashion trends are designed for the working population in general, not specific careers. This is where you can run into trouble if you are not careful. 然而事实上这种追随弊大于利。例如，职场时装潮流往往不区分工作和职业。在一家新潮的咖啡馆或零售店工作，着装要求很可能是休闲服。而在一家法律或保险公司上班，着装则需要更职业化。不幸的是，很多职场新潮时装是为工作中的一般大众而设计，而非为特定职业设计。因此一不小心就可能出问题。 Before relying on workplace fashion trends, you will want to take a good, close look at the trend in question. For instance, does the trend require the wearing of a skirt or a dress, no matter what the length? If so, it is important that you look at what you do for a living. If you are in a professional office setting, a dress may be perfect for you. On the other hand though, if you work in a retail store as a manager, a dress or skirt may actually get in the way and hamper your efforts to work and be productive. 在追随这种时装潮流之前，要好好地仔细审视一下所谓的潮流。比如，潮流是不是时兴半身裙或连衣裙，而不论其长短呢？如果确实如此，那么最重要的是要考虑自己的工作性质。如果是办公室的职业白领，连衣裙就非常适合。但如果是在零售店当经理，连衣裙或半身裙则可能会妨碍工作，影响工作效率。 By wearing trendy workplace fashion pieces, many people are given compliments, but not always. The last thing that you want to do is get a bad name for yourself instead of compliments. That is why it is also advised that you take what others may think of you into consideration. You need to make sure that the impression that you would be making is a good one. 很多人会因为穿了时髦的职场时装而备受称赞，但事情并非总是如此。最不希望
(捷进英语2)Unit2-电子教案
教案 课程名称捷进英语综合教程2 课时 班级 专业 教师 系部 教研室 教材《捷进英语综合教程2 教师用书》 Teaching Plan 教学 单元 Unit 2 Journeys of Discovery 单元主题●Animal migration ●Greatest inventions ●Accidental inventions 课时 安排 8
教学内容 ●Reading for learning Amazing Journeys ●Reading for Doing The Greatest Inventions ●Guided Writing A Notice of an Event ●Audio/Video Lab 教学环节主要特色教学活动安排建议Warm-up （热身）The section introduces the theme of animals and pre-teaches some of the vocabulary students will require in section A. ?Depending on the time you have available, you could ask students to create additional questions using the same format. In small groups the students could then quiz each other using their questions. Reading （阅读）Reading for learning ◆This section starts with understanding the purpose of an introduction paragraph. It then encourages Ss to analyse the behaviours of the animals in the text and to transfer these concepts to the human world. ◆Vocabulary and Grammar Ss look at a selection of new words and phrases from the text, largely connected with geography and the animal kingdom. The grammar section looks at indefinite pronouns. ◆Beyond the Text Ss now look at human migration ?The first task shows students how they can use an introduction to predict information that will appear in the text. Tasks 3 will require more time as it requires detailed understanding. ?The first two vocabulary tasks draw on geographical words from the text and work on word formation. ?The last vocabulary task uses the words in the context of another phenomenon from the animal kingdom. ?The Grammar Focus part looks at indefinite pronouns. While students obviously need to learn these words, they are also useful for developing students’ reading abilities as they function in a similar way to pronoun
机电专业英语
1Thyristors should not be confused with bipolar junction transistors or field-effect transistors. 不应将晶闸管与双结型晶体管（bipolar junction transistors，BJTs）或场效应管（field-effect transistors，FETs）混淆起来. 2BJTs and FETs are both capable of performing switching operations. As a rule, these devices are not as efficient as thyristor and do not have the power-handling capability. BJTs与FETs都能够完成开关操作。按照惯例，这些器件并没有晶闸管那么有效率且不具备功率（电力）处理能力。 3Thyristors are used as power control devices, whereas transistors are primarily used in amplifying applications. 晶闸管通常用作电力控制器件，而晶体管主要用于信号放大。 4A variety of unidirectional thyristors is now being used in industrial electronic applications. One of the first to be developed was the silicon-controlled rectifier(SCR). The term thyristor was derived form the words thyratron-transistor. 工业电子应用系统目前使用了很多种单向晶闸管。可控硅整流器（silicon-controlled rectifier, SCR）就是最初开发出的三极管之一。术语晶闸管“thyristor”源自于单词“thyratron-transistor”。 5An SCR is classified as a reverse blocking triode thyristor. This means that the device has conductibility in only one direction. When its anode and cathode are reverse biased, the device will not conduct. SCR被归类为反向阻断晶闸管。这意味着该器件仅在一个方向上导通。当其阳极、负极处于反偏时，它不导通。 6The silicon-controlled switch(SCS) and the programmable unijunction transistor(PUT) are two other thyristors of this classification. 可控硅开关(silicon-controlled switch, SCS)和可编程单结晶体管(programmable unijunction transistor, PUT)是该类的另外两种晶闸管。 7The internal construction of an op-amp is quite complex and usually contains a large number of discrete components. 运算放大器的内部结构非常复杂，它通常包含大量的分离元件。 8A person working with an op-amp does not ordinarily need to be concerned with its internal construction. It is helpful, however, to have some general understanding of what the internal circuitry accomplishes. 使用运算放大器工作的人一般并不需要关心其内部结构。然而，了解其内部电路所具备功能的一般常识是很有帮助地。 9This permits the user to see how the device performs and indicates some of its limitations as a functioning unit. 这就让用户明白该器件是怎样工作的，当然也显示出其作为一个功能单元的一些局限。 10The first stage or input of an op-amp is usually a differential amplifier. This amplifier has two inputs, which are labeled V1 and V2. 运算放大器的内部结构非常复杂，它通常包含大量的分离元件。运算放大器的输入或者其第一级通常是一个差分放大器。该放大器有两个分别标为V1、V2的输入端。 11It provides high gain of the signal difference supplied to the two inputs and low gain for common signals applied to both inputs simultaneously. 它对同时施加在两个输入端的差分、共模信号分别提供高、低增益。