机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 11

机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 11
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 11

Unit 11CAD and Applications

I. Lead in

Information related to the text

Do you know what the Computer Aided Design (CAD) is? Do you know the history of CAD? What are the advantages of the CAD? Maybe you have used the CAD yet, but do you know how you can use it? Can you give an example? In the unit, you will study the development of CAD and how it is widely used. Now, let’s study new words and phrases together.

II. Word Study

1. appropriate [?'pr?uprieit] a. 适当的v. 占用;拨出

1)Use the lists below to select the appropriate delimiter.

请用下面的列表选择相应的定界符。

2)A focus and concern on climate change is entirely appropriate.

对于气候变化的聚焦和关注是完全恰当的。

3)This is the "all appropriate measures" school of policy analysis.

这是政策分析中的“所有适当措施”学派。

2. interactive [,int?'r?ktiv] a. 交互式的,相互作用的

1)Reading is a complex and interactive process.

阅读是一个复杂和互动的过程。

2)A dialog between a user and an interactive data processing system.

一种用户与交互式数据处理系统间的对话(过程)。

3)EVEN when one person is doing all the talking, a conversation is an interactive process. 即使只是一个人在滔滔不绝,谈话也是一项双边交流的过程。

3. standard ['st?nd?d] n. 标准,规格a. 标准的

1)The standard answer is that we need better leaders.

标准答案就是,我们需要更好的领导。

2)For such a series it is usual to design a standard margin .

对于这种系列图幅,通常是设计一种标准图廓。

3)We see that this is the standard of perfection attained under nature.

我们可以看到这就是自然界中所得到的完善化的标准。

4. sophisticate [s?'fistikeit] n. 久经世故的人v. 曲解;使复杂,使精致

1)If you are wrong, admit it rather than sophisticate.

错了就要承认,不要强词夺理。

2)Alter with the intention to deceive; Sophisticate rose water with geraniol.

因试图欺骗而改变;用奉承话诡辩。

5. ambiguous [?m'bigju?s] a. 模棱两可的,不明确的,含糊的

1)He is so careful as not to say anything ambiguous.

他总是小心谨慎,从不说任何引起歧义的话。

2)A sentence of a grammar is ambiguous if there exists two syntax trees for it.

如果一文法的句子存在两个语法树,那么该句子是二义性的。

3)This ambiguous bit of jargon usually refers to situations, such as when interest rates fall to zero, where orthodox monetary policy can no longer affect demand.

这个模糊不清的术语通常指的是这种情况,例如当利率降到零,传统的货币政策将不再能影响需求。

6. representation [,reprizen'tei ?n] n. 表示法,表达,代表

1)Our firm has adequate representation in Europe.

本公司在欧洲有足够的代理权。

2)A representation in mathematical terms of a process , device, or concept.

用数学上的术语对过程、器件或概念的一种表示。

3)Most of the definitions and concepts in graph theory are suggested by the graphical representation.

图论中的大多数定义和概念是根据图形的表示提出来的。

III. Language points

1. This coincidentally happened at about the same time that NC and APT (Automatically Programmed Tool) first appeared.

译文:CAD与初次出现的NC和APT(自动编程工具)碰巧同时问世。

说明:coincidentally为副词作状语,at about the same time为介词短语,可译为“几乎同时”。e.g.

1) This category started at about the same time as Best Map Location.

这个评选的开始时间大概和最佳地图场所差不多。

2) Not coincidentally, cities began to take shape at about the same time.

城市也大约在同时开始现出雏形,而这并非巧合。

2. An interesting note is that an X-Y plotter has the same basic structure as an NC drilling machine except that a pen is substituted for the tool on NC spindle.

译文:一个有趣的现象:除了绘图笔被NC机床上的主轴刀具替代之外,X-Y绘图仪与NC钻床具有相同的基本结构。

说明:“the same…as” means “similar”(与……相同),as为介词,引

导短语。e.g.

1) Rural children face the same risks as city children.

乡村孩子和城市孩子面临同样的危险。

2) Ancient mutations in mitochondrial DNA are the same as those found in the cells of many tumors.

而在线粒体DNA中的远古突变和许多瘤细胞中发现的情况是一样的。

3. In the beginning, CAD systems were no more than a graphics editor with some built-in design symbols.

译文:开始,CAD系统仅仅是一个带有内置设计符号的绘图编辑器。

说明:“no more than” means “only”(仅仅,只有),e.g.

1) In the medium term there are only two ways to bring the deficit back to

a sustainable level—which means no more than 3% of GDP.

从中期来看,只有两种办法能够将赤字减低到可持续运行的水平,即赤字不能超过国内生产总值的3%。

2) Although many programmes are no more than three or four mouse clicks away, that still sounds too much like work for most of us.

虽然很多节目只需点三四下鼠标就能轻而易举的获得,但那对大多数懒惰的我们来说也是项大工程。

4. The development of free-form curves and surfaces, such as Coon’s patch, Bezier’s patch, and B-spline, enables a CAD system to be used for sophisticated curves and surface design.

译文:自由曲线及其曲面的发展,如昆氏嵌面、贝赛尔嵌面以及B样条曲线,使CAD系统可用于复杂曲线与曲面设计。

说明:“such as” means “like” or “for example”(例如,诸如此类的,像……那样),e.g.

1) And simple measures such as hand washing can limit the spread of disease.

一些简单的措施,例如洗手可以有效的限制疾病的传播。

2) And simple measures such as hand washing can limit the spread of disease.

一些简单的措施,例如洗手可以有效的限制疾病的传播。

5. Therefore, not only can they be used to produce engineering drawing, but engineering analysis can be performed on the same model as well.

译文:因此,它们不仅可用于生成工程图,而且也可在同一模型上完成工程分析。

说明:not only…but(also)译为“不但……而且……”,also可以省略。

e.g.

1) She is good at not only dancing but (also) singing. She is both a dancer and a singer.

她不但善长跳舞,而且善长唱歌。(连接两个宾语)她是个舞蹈家和歌唱家。

2) They are not only classmates but also partners in the study.

他们不但是同班同学,而且也是学习上的搭档。

6. By 1988, more than 100,000 PC CAD Packages had been sold.

译文:到1988年为止已销售10万个以上的PCCAD软件包。

had been过去完成时表已经。e.g.

What until then had been a hypothesis, became an article of faith .

在此之前还只是一种假设的东西,变成了一种信条。

IV. Translating Skills

非谓语动词V-ed, to V的用法

I. 动词不定式(to V)的句法功能:具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,可充当成分:主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语。例如:It is easier to perform quality assurance by a spot-check instead of checking all parts. (作主语)

通过抽检代替全检,质量更容易得到保证。

To describe the motion one must introduce the concept of time. (作状语)

必须引入时间的概念来描述运动。

II. 过去分词( V-ed)具有形容词和副词的特征,可充当成分:表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语。例如:

1. 过去分词作表语,相当于一个形容词,说明主语的状态。例如:

The engine lathe is broken. 卧式车床坏了。

2. 过去分词作定语,它的逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词。

Heat is the energy produced by the movement of molecules.

热是分子运动所产生的能量。

3. 过去分词作宾语补语时,过去分词和宾语的关系是被动关系,说明宾语的状态,表示动作的完成。

When I entered the workshop, I saw many parts machined by Master Li.

走进车间时,我看见刘师傅加工了许多零件。

4.过去分词在句中可作时间、条件、原因、让步、方式等状语.

Observed from the spaceship, our earth looks like a blue ball.

从宇宙飞船上看,我们的地球像一个蓝色的星球。

III. 在翻译中要特别注意to V与V-ing的区别,否则造成曲解。如:

Stop to assemble the CNC machine tool.

停下来安装CNC机床(不定式表示一次具体动作)。

Stop working to rest.停工休息(动名词表示经常性的动作)。

I forgot to oil the machine.我忘记要给机器加油(不定式表示事没有做)。

I forgot oiling it.我忘记给机器加过油了(动名词表示事己做了)。

IV. V-ing与V-ed的区别

V-ing形式通常含有主动、进行的意思;V-ed通常有被动、完成之意,在阅读翻译时要多加留意。例如:

I heard him cutting the workpiece. 我听到他在切削工件。(现在分词表示动作正在进行)

I saw these parts cut by him. 我看到他把这些零件切削过了。(过去分词表示动作已经完成)

The most popular technology for realizing microcircuits makes use of MOS transistors.

用来实现微电路的最通用的技术是利用MOS管。(动名词表示概念性、抽象性动作)

The symbols used for enhancement MOS transistors are shown in figure.

被用来表示增强型MOS管的符号如图所示。(过去分词表示被动)V. Key to exercises of the text.

I 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5.F

II 1. 它从早期的计算机绘图系统发展到现在的交互式计算机图形学。

2. 供用户使用的几何元素只有直线、圆弧以及两者的组合。

3. 例如,这种系统要有极强的计算能力和内存需要,非常规的物体建

模方法和缺乏公差能力都阻碍了CAD应用。

4. 在大型计算机、工作站和个人电脑的CAD系统之间几乎没有区别。

Key to exercises of the reading.

1. printed circuit machine

2. part programming software

3. CAM

4. computer programming language

5. Printed circuit board

6. built-in software

VI. 阅读材料参考译文

计算机辅助制造及其应用

当设计确定之后,制造才能开始。计算机在生产的许多方面扮演着一个重要角色。数控机床需要一个零件程序来表达被加工零件;计算机技术起到辅助作用,在某些情况下实质上是自动生成零件加工程序。现代造船是用从大张钢板上切下焊接钢板来制造船体结构的。计算机控制的火焰切割机经常用于此项任务,而且计算机用于计算最佳排料,以使边角废料最少。

印刷电路板装配过程也可通过计算机方法加以改进。质量是由计算机控制的自动检测装置保证的,该装置能在装配线上检测到某个有缺陷的板子,并且能从装配线上剔除。计算机广泛用于绘制蚀刻到印刷电路板的布线图,并且生成数控钻床所需的零件程序。

最重要的制造功能之一是库存和生产控制。如果原始设计是在计算机上进行的,则获取材料需求清单则是直截了当的。标准的计算机数据处理方法是用于组织这项工作流程,并且按需订购零件(见图7-1)。

零件的几何形状需要计算大量刀位。零件编程软件通常是并入一个计算机辅助制造软件包中的。一些计算机辅助制造软件与计算机辅助设计软件合并成计算机辅助设计与制造工作站。计算机辅助制造软件可使用计算机辅助设计文件作为数据源,这样加快了编程的进程。

零件编程软件是一个用户界面友好的软件,这意味着程序员不必懂得计算机编程语言或它的操作系统。它用屏幕菜单引导使用者完成编程过程。数据可通过键盘、鼠标或功能键输入。有经验的程序员可使用计算机巨大的内置容量和诸如系列零件族的先进技术来获得更高的生产力。

编程软件有一个动态图形数据库来支持实际加工程序。这些顺序可被显示、编辑、串联或删除。无论是单一切削还是采用CNC机床固定循环加工,程序都可生成。该软件也会自动计算加工中所用的适当进给量和切削速度,生成一个刀具清单和定义刀具路径。

程序员为生成的每一个轮廓分配不同的图层或用另外图层加入卡具与夹具获得一个完整的零件工装图。可以看到如同在机床上进行实际加工一样的刀具运动过程。

使用零件编程软件,程序员能够很容易地解决三角学问题,以确定准确的刀具路径。当一个程序编好后,程序员可从PC机上通过通信线路用带有通信能力的内置软件将程序传送给数控机床。好的零件编程软件应具备如下条件:

(1)建立加工参数以及用于特殊机床或任务的刀具。

(2)定义几何模型及刀具路径。

(3)生成代码,能让程序员确定将使用什么代码以及如何输出到机床。

(完整版)机电专业英语

一.单词翻译(英译汉,汉译英共20分) compound pulley 组合滑轮 screw 螺丝 worm gear 涡轮 clearance fit 间隙配合 transition fit 过渡配合 interference fit 过盈配合 ground teeth 精密齿 gear reductions 齿轮减速比aluminum 铝 brass 黄铜 bronze 青铜 cast iron 铸铁 carbon 碳钢 alloy steel 合金钢 hardened steel 硬化钢 stainless steel 不锈钢 plastic materials 塑料材料 gear teeth 齿轮 straight-toothed 直齿轮 rack and pinion 齿条和齿轮 straight bevel gears 直齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gears 弧齿锥齿轮friction 摩擦 lubrication 润滑 lubricant 润滑剂 full fluid film lubrication 全液态薄膜润滑 boundary lubrication 边界润滑elastrohydrodynamic lubrication 流体弹性动力润滑 proton 质子 neutron 中子 parallel circuit 并联电路 series circuit 串联电路 electron 电子 inductor 电感 capacitor 电容 conductor 导体 semiconductor 半导体 metal-oxide-semiconductor 金属氧化物半导体 integrated circuit 集成电路integrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片 dopant 掺杂剂 mask 掩膜 doping 掺杂 photoresist 感光胶 etch 蚀刻法 dielectric 非传导性(电介质)rung 梯级 branch 分支 instructions 指令 power rails 母线 quantity 数量 parameter 参数 ladder diagram 梯形逻辑图 ON-delay timer 通电延时定时器OFF-delay timer 断电延时定时器retentive timer 保持定时器proximity timer 接近开关electromechanical control 机电控制mobile robots 可移动机器人manipulator robots 操作机器人 self reconfigurable robots 自变形(重装)机器人 Analog-to-Digital Converter A/D模数转换器 Digital-to-Analog Converter D/A模数转换器 ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)专用采集电路 Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换 Z-transform Z变换 valve 阀 pump 泵 motor 发动机 cavitation 气穴 hydraulic 液压的 equilibrium position 平衡位置vibration(oscillation) 振动transducer 饱和电抗器,传感器,变频器 reservoir 油箱 pump with electric motor 电力马达泵unloader and safety relief valve 减荷

机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 11

Unit 11CAD and Applications I. Lead in Information related to the text Do you know what the Computer Aided Design (CAD) is? Do you know the history of CAD? What are the advantages of the CAD? Maybe you have used the CAD yet, but do you know how you can use it? Can you give an example? In the unit, you will study the development of CAD and how it is widely used. Now, let’s study new words and phrases together. II. Word Study 1. appropriate [?'pr?uprieit] a. 适当的v. 占用;拨出 1)Use the lists below to select the appropriate delimiter. 请用下面的列表选择相应的定界符。 2)A focus and concern on climate change is entirely appropriate. 对于气候变化的聚焦和关注是完全恰当的。 3)This is the "all appropriate measures" school of policy analysis. 这是政策分析中的“所有适当措施”学派。 2. interactive [,int?'r?ktiv] a. 交互式的,相互作用的 1)Reading is a complex and interactive process. 阅读是一个复杂和互动的过程。 2)A dialog between a user and an interactive data processing system. 一种用户与交互式数据处理系统间的对话(过程)。 3)EVEN when one person is doing all the talking, a conversation is an interactive process. 即使只是一个人在滔滔不绝,谈话也是一项双边交流的过程。 3. standard ['st?nd?d] n. 标准,规格a. 标准的 1)The standard answer is that we need better leaders. 标准答案就是,我们需要更好的领导。 2)For such a series it is usual to design a standard margin . 对于这种系列图幅,通常是设计一种标准图廓。 3)We see that this is the standard of perfection attained under nature. 我们可以看到这就是自然界中所得到的完善化的标准。 4. sophisticate [s?'fistikeit] n. 久经世故的人v. 曲解;使复杂,使精致 1)If you are wrong, admit it rather than sophisticate. 错了就要承认,不要强词夺理。 2)Alter with the intention to deceive; Sophisticate rose water with geraniol.

机电专业英语复习题及答案(可编辑修改word版)

机电专业英语期末复习试题 一.选择题 1.If all points in a linkage move in parallel planes the system undergoes plan ar motion and the linkage may be described as a . A.planar motion B. planar linkage C. joints D. slide 2.Though frame material and design should handle damping, are sometimes built into frame sections to handle specific problems. A .beams B. holes C. dampers D. screw 3.The maximum allowable deflection of a shaft determined by critical s peed, gear, or bearing requirements. A. often B. must C. was D. is usually 4.We will have to to better and better solutions as we generate more in formation. A. repeat many times B. iterating C. iterate D. try ways 5.If a product configuration is specified and then examined to determ ine whether the performance requirements are met. A. finally B. tentatively C. temporary D. have been 6.Manufacturing can be defined as the of raw materials into useful prod ucts through the use of the easiest and lest-expensive methods. A. transformation B. processing C. process D. transforming 7.The planer and knee types of milling machine is because of its flexibi lity. https://www.360docs.net/doc/0714157039.html,ed most commonly B. most popular C. the most commonly used D. mo st powerful 8.As a result, the system will vibrate at the frequency of the force re gardless of the initial conditions or natural frequency of the system. A. action B. excitation C. out D. act 9.Before two components are assembled together, the relationship between the d imensions of the mating surfaces . A.must be giving out B. should printed clearly C. must be specified D . should be clearly noted 10.The main practical advantage of lower pairs is their better ability to trap lubricant between their surfaces. A. enveloping B. mating C. outer D. outside 11.The word itself usually refers to the deterioration of metals and cer amics, while similar phenomena in plastics generally called . A. recrystallization…. corrosion B. recrystallization…degradation C. degradation…corrosion D. corrosion… degradation 12.Most frames cast iron, weld steel, composition, or concrete. A. are made from B. are made up of C. was produced by D. was consist of 13.Rotating shafts particularly those that run at high speeds, must be designe d to avoid operation at speeds. A . low B .overload C. critical D. hollow

(完整版)《机电工程专业英语》A卷.doc

四川理工学院成人高等教育 《机电工程专业英语》试卷( A 卷) 年级三年级 专业机电一体化 ZK931101 层次专科 号 题号一二三四五六七八总分评阅(统分)人 学 题分20 30 20 30 得 分 注意事项: 线 名 1.满分 100 分。要求卷面整洁、字迹工整、无错别字。 姓 订 生 2.考生必须将“学生姓名”和“学号”完整、准确、清楚地填写在试卷规定的地方,否则视为 学 装 此 废卷。 过 3.考生必须在签到表上签到,否则若出现遗漏,后果自负。 要 得分 评阅教师 级 不 一、选择题: 班 题 业 专 答 选择括号中提供的单词或短语,并以正确的形式填空。 (每空 2 分,共 20 分) ( send out, focus on, deny, prove, make sure, equip with, shock, accomplish, vary from, call ) ( 1) A week ago he received a notice stating his application was . ( 2) Effective teaching is the learning needs of each student in the class. ( 3) His mother when she heard about the accident. ) ( 4) He a number of e-mail messages to his friends. 班 ( 5) Position measurement in NC machines 属 can through direct or indirect methods. 直 ( ( 6) The actual programming commands needed will 点 also builder to builder. 学 ( 7) This method to be very successful. 教 (8) that the instructions for the use of this high pre are strictly observed. (9) The majority of NC/CNCmachine tools automatic too such as magazines on machining center and turrets on turning centers. (10) The movements are detected and counted by a feedback device a transducer. 得分 评阅教师 二、名词解释: 写出下列英文缩写的全称 ,并翻译成中文。 (每题 3 分,共 30 分) ( 1) PLC ( 2) CIM ( 3) AGV ( 4) FMS ( 5) ROM ( 6) CPU ( 7) CNC ( 8) CAD ( 9) GUI ( 10) JIT 得分 评阅教师 三、汉译英: 将下列术语翻译成英文。 (每题 2 分,共 20 分) ( 1) 在线编程 ( 2) 装配有(某设备) ( 3) 钻床 ( 4) 齿轮加工 ( 5) 穿孔纸带 ( 6) 切削中心 ( 7) 加工中心 ( 8) 光电开关 ( 9) 显示面板 ( 10) 超声波加工 得分 评阅教师 四、英译汉

机电专业英语第2版电子教案unit 4

Unit 4 Heat Treatment& Hot Working of Metals Ⅰ. Lead-in Steel is an alloy that consists mostly of iron and has a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Carbon is the most common alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used, such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten. Carbon and other elements act as a hardening agent, preventing dislocations in the iron atom crystal lattice from sliding past one another. Varying the amount of alloying elements and the form of their presence in the steel (solute elements, precipitated phase) controls qualities such as the hardness, ductility, and tensile strength of the resulting steel. Steel with increased carbon content can be made harder and stronger than iron, but such steel is also less ductile than iron. Though steel had been produced by various inefficient methods long before the Renaissance, its use became more common after more-efficient production methods were devised in the 17th century. With the invention of the Bessemer process in the mid-19th century, steel became an inexpensive mass-produced material. Further refinements in the process, such as basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS), lowered the cost of production while increasing the quality of the metal. Today, steel is one of the most common materials in the world, with more than 1.3 billion tons produced annually. It is a major component in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, automobiles, machines, appliances, and weapons. Modern steel is generally identified by various grades defined by assorted standards organizations. II. Word Stud y 1. molecular[m?'lekj?l?] a. 由分子组成的, 分子的 1)molecular structure 分子结构 2) We think of magnetism as a molecular phenomenon. 我们认为电磁是一种分子现象。 3) The investigations were performed at molecular level. 研究是在分子的层次上进行的。 2. liable ['lai?bl] a. 有责任的,有义务的,应受罚的,有…倾向的 1) be liable to seasickness容易晕船 2) One who works under the hot sun is liable to sunstroke. 在炎热的阳光底下工作很容易引起中暑。 3) People are liable to judge others from their own first impressions. 人们容易用他们自己的最初印象来评价别人。 3. squeeze [skwi:z] v. 挤(压,干),压榨,勒索,紧握

机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 7

Unit 7 The Injection Molding and Machine I. Lead in Information related to the text Do you know what is called an injection molding machine? Can you give an example of it? What does it work? In this unit you will learn some the Injection Molding and Machine concept, how it is wide application. Now, let's learn new words and phrases. II. Word Study 1. inject [in'd?ekt]vt.注射,注入injection n.注射,投资,注射剂 1)A sterile applicator is used to inject the microchip just under the skin. 一个消过毒的涂药器被注射进微型芯片在表皮之下。 2)Major banks around the world are joining forces to inject as much as 180 billion dollars into global money markets. 全世界的主要银行都加入了抵制注入180亿美元到全球的经济市场中的行动。 3)Fire ants get their name because when they sting, they inject poison into the skin that causes a feeling of intense burning. Some people suffer life-threatening reactions. 火蚁因当他们叮住目标时会将一种能导致灼热感的有毒物质注入皮肤而得名。有些还会有生命危险的反应。 4)There would be no need for injection, since the vaccine would be taken by mouth. 通过口服疫苗,我们就不需要注射了。 2. melt [melt] vt. 使软化,使融化,使熔化,使感动 1)This element is of proper shape and cross-section to carry rated current continuously and to melt in accordance with a specific time-current characteristic on heavy overload or short circuit. 此可熔断元件恰当的形状和横截面使其可连续通过额定电流,而对于严重过负荷或短路,按规定的时间一电流特性而熔断。 2)Either it exposes land, which then warms up; or it forms ponds (or lakes or streams) of meltwater on the surface of the ice, which absorb energy and melt more ice. 融冰过程要么导致陆地暴露并且温度升高,要么在冰层表面形成池塘(或湖泊,或溪流),并吸收能量,融化更多的冰。 3)Her money seemed to melt away in Paris. 在巴黎她的钱似乎自行消失了。

外研社 新职业英语 第二版 职业综合英语1 教案unit3(1)

外研社新职业英语第二版职业综合英语1 Unit3教案1 授课时间 班 周星期第节 班 周星期第节 班 周星期第节 课次12 学时数 2 授课形式 (请打√) 纯理论□纯实践□理实一体化□习题课□其他□授课题目Unit3 Business Meals: Lead–in &Reading A: Deals over Meals 教学目的Ss learn how to arrange the table seats for an English banquet Ss Understand the main idea and structure of the text 教学重点 1. The usages of new words and expressions in reading A 2. Understanding of Reading A 教学难点 1. How to use the key words and expressions in Reading A 2. Analysis on the text structure 使用的教 具/多媒体 /仪器/仪 表/设备等 Textbook; PPT;CD 教学方法Case teaching; Pair-work; Analyzing 参考资料English for Careers (Book1)

教学基本内容及设计Unit 1. Reading A: Deals over Meals I.Warm-up (10’) Task Complete the following table seating arrangement. Principles of Seating Arrangement Guest Information II. Reading A: Secretaries (80’) 1.Lead-in 2.Global reading (1) Listen to the passage while reading and think about the main idea of each paragraph. (2) Information collection a. Skimming Task1 Read the passage. Then match the business meals with their characteristics. b. Scanning Task 2 Decide which of the fo llowing behaviors are Do’s or Don’ts for business meals according to the passage. 3.Intensive reading a. Text structure analysis Para 1: Westerners do business over all kinds of meals. Para 2: Different meals have different characteristics. Para 3: Watch your behavior during business meals. Para 4: Mastery of good table manners is of great help. Para 5: Polite dinning at the table pays. b. Language Points entertain: e.g. 1. I’ll entertain my friends over the weekend. 2. The child was entertaining himself with his toys. build up: to build; to increase, or become bigger or stronger gradually

机电工程专业英语

Unit 1 原子钟 电子或电子计时装置是由原子或分子的震荡控制的。一个计时装置必须包含或者连到一些均匀震荡的的仪器上来控制指针的移动的频率或者数字改变的频率。机械钟或者手表利用震荡平衡轮,钟摆和音叉。更高的精度或许利用原子或分子震荡,因为这种震荡频率如此高,不肯能用他们做控制时钟的直接手段.。然而,这种钟被一种高速平稳输出可以自动增加而且可以与原子系统的比较的晶体振荡器控制。这种震荡器的错误会自动改正。时间通常是由数字原子时钟或者其他的复杂的读数设备显示的。 第一个原子时钟,发明与1948年,利用氨分子的振动。一对这样的时钟之间的误差,也就是说,在指定的时间如果两者统一瞬间启动然后比较,区别通常是三千年差一秒。在1955年,第一个铯束时钟(一种利用铯原子发射精密频率的微波光谱线作为参考的设备),在英国的特丁顿国家物理实验所投放操作。美国的标准是nist f-1,他是在1999年进入服务的并且在两千万年里不会快或者慢一秒。一个喷泉原子钟,NIST F-1原子钟包含由高3英尺的垂直管的内部结构.他用激光冷却铯原子,在空气中用激光摇匀形成铯原子团。特别像一个摇匀的网球。形成喷泉效果。这允许原子比以前的任何时钟都要观察的远。 许多世界国家的标准实验室保存着原子钟,用这些时钟平均产生叫TAI的标准来维持时间。高精度的时间信号是来源于这些标准实验室通过短波无线广播站或者人造卫星向全世界传播的。这种信号被用来跟踪太空飞行器,电子导航系统和地壳的瞬间的研究等事情。这些精确的时钟使利用实验证明了一个很大的预言-爱因斯坦的相对论成为可能。原子钟的原型是用氢原子或者铍原子这样的原子可以几千年仍可以很准确。比如:美国家标准与技术研究院的研究人员已经证明过渡在一个基于能源困汞离子(汞原子丢失了一个电子)的时钟潜在着比目前时钟精确度高达1000倍。 Unit 2 制动(刹车)系统 制动(刹车)踏板或者用手杆来激活(启动)刹车(制动),对于低功率的机器或者车,操作人员通常可以提供足够的力通过一个简单的机械运动把刹车踏板或者操作杆联系到刹车的部分上。然而,大多数情况下,这种力可以通过一种精心制作的系统来增加。 空气制动系统 空气制动系统是一种早期的系统用来增加制动力,也可以叫做空气制动,它是由美国乔治西屋的制造商发明的并与1868年第一次使用在乘客火车上。现在他被广泛应用在铁路火车上。它的基本原理是利用压缩运动空气使油箱的活塞安放在车轮上的闸块式制动器。动作同时作用在火车车厢的轮子上。通过连轴器连接的车厢之间通过用结实的管子传递空气。与此同时,通过工程师控制他释放在所有的单独的闸块式制动器部位。在制动管损坏,泄露或者是刹车部位损坏,它有自动提供所有闸块式刹车设置。空气制动系统也被应用在地铁,有轨电车,公共汽车和卡车。

机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 13

Unit 13 Alternating current I. Lead in 1. What’s an alternating current? 2. What’s the most common wave in AC? 3. In AC circuits, is the instantaneous power equal to the average power? 4. Which portion of power flow is known as active power/reactive power? 5. What is the relationship among real, reactive and apparent power? II. Word Study 1. accomplish [?'k?mpli?, ?'k?m-] vt. 完成;实现;达到 1) accomplish one’s aim, a task 达到目的、完成任务 2) A system is a group of components that work together to accomplish an objective. 系统就是为实现一个目标而共同工作的一组部件。 3) Set priorities. Accomplish the most important tasks first, and avoid physical overexertion. 把握好轻重缓急。首先完成最重要的任务,并防止身体过度疲劳 2. analogous [?'n?l?ɡ?s] adj. 类似的,相似的;可比拟的(to,with)【计算机】模拟的;【生物学】同功的;【自动化】模拟的 1)The two processes are not analogous. 这两种过程不相似。 2)The present crisis is analogous with the situation immediately before the war. 目前的危机与大战前夕的形势类似。 3. distinct [dis'ti?kt] adj. 明显的;独特的;清楚的;有区别的 1)The footprints are quite distinct; they must be fresh. 足迹清晰易辨,一定是不久前留下来的。 2)I had the distinct impression that I was being watched. 我很明显地感觉到有人在监视我。 3)The was a distinct sense of embarrassment in the air. 周围的气氛中有一种明显的局促不安的感觉。 4. manifest ['m?nifest] vt. 证明,表明;显示vi. 显示,出现n. 载货单,货单;旅客名单adj. 显然的,明显的;明白的 1)manifest the truth of a statement 证明某说法属实 2)manifest fear, hatred, etc 显示恐惧、憎恨等 3)She manifested little interest in her studies. 她对学习显得没有什么兴趣。

《机械工程专业英语》教学大纲

《机械工程专业英语》课程教学大纲 一、课程的基本情况 课程中文名称: 机械工程专业英语 课程英文名称: ENGLISH IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 课程代码:0304030 课程类别:必修 课程学分:2分 课程学时:18 授课对象:机电(电专)学生 前导课程:机械设计、机械原理、大学英语 二、教学目的 机械工程专业英语是机械工程及自动化专业的一门指选专业课程。其教学目的是使学生完成大学英语的教学后及时转入专业英语阅读,巩固已经掌握的基本词汇和语法知识,扩大专业词汇,掌握科技文章的语法结构,提高英语应用能力,特别是阅读、翻译本专业英语文献的能力。达到以英语为工具,获取专业所需要的信息。 三、教学基本要求 第1课力学基本概念 Lesson 1 Basic Concepts in Mechanics 重点:力学的基本词汇和力学知识 第3课力和力矩 Lesson 3 Forces and Moments 重点:力学的基本词汇和基本知识 第5课轴和联轴器 Lesson 5 Shafts and Couplings 重点:轴的基本词汇和基本知识 第13课机构 Lesson 13 Mechanism 重点:机构的基本词汇和基本知识 第17课机械设计基础 Lesson 17 Fundamentals of Mechanical Design 重点:机械设计的基本词汇和基本知识 第45课计算机与制造业 Lesson 45 The computer and Manufacturing 重点:计算机与制造业的基本词汇和基本知识 翻译技巧:词类转换 第49课数字控制 Lesson 49 Numerical Control 重点:数字控制的基本词汇和基本知识 翻译技巧:成分转换 第53课工业机器人

新职业英语2unit1unit3原文译文

Unit 1 Each day, many people are looking for trends in workplace clothing, so that they can “fit in”with the fashionable or well-dressed crowd. They believe that dressing in the latest fashion trends may give them the reputation of being fashionable and trendy. While it is more than possible to do this, you need to display caution. 许多人每天都在捕捉职场时装的潮流,以便能与那些衣着时尚得体的人们步调一致。他们认为按最新潮流穿衣打扮能为自己赢得时尚和时髦的好名声。尽管这样做合情合理,你还是要小心谨慎。 What many people do not realize is that there are a number of pros and cons of relying on workplace fashion trends. One of those pros was mentioned above. When you wear a fashionable outfit to work, there is a good chance that you will receive a lot of compliments on your outfit. This is a nice feeling and it is one that makes many feel proud. 许多人并没有意识到,追随职场时装潮流有利也有弊。好处之一,正如上面所提到的,穿一套时髦的衣服去上班,很可能会得到一堆夸奖。这种感觉很不错,也让人引以为豪。 But the truth is that there are many more cons of relying on workplace fashion trends than there are pros. For instance, workplace fashion trends do not always distinguish between jobs and careers. If you work at a trendy coffee shop or retail store, chances are that the dress code would be casual clothing. However, if you work at a law office or an insurance company, you may be required to dress more professionally. Unfortunately, many workplace fashion trends are designed for the working population in general, not specific careers. This is where you can run into trouble if you are not careful. 然而事实上这种追随弊大于利。例如,职场时装潮流往往不区分工作和职业。在一家新潮的咖啡馆或零售店工作,着装要求很可能是休闲服。而在一家法律或保险公司上班,着装则需要更职业化。不幸的是,很多职场新潮时装是为工作中的一般大众而设计,而非为特定职业设计。因此一不小心就可能出问题。 Before relying on workplace fashion trends, you will want to take a good, close look at the trend in question. For instance, does the trend require the wearing of a skirt or a dress, no matter what the length? If so, it is important that you look at what you do for a living. If you are in a professional office setting, a dress may be perfect for you. On the other hand though, if you work in a retail store as a manager, a dress or skirt may actually get in the way and hamper your efforts to work and be productive. 在追随这种时装潮流之前,要好好地仔细审视一下所谓的潮流。比如,潮流是不是时兴半身裙或连衣裙,而不论其长短呢?如果确实如此,那么最重要的是要考虑自己的工作性质。如果是办公室的职业白领,连衣裙就非常适合。但如果是在零售店当经理,连衣裙或半身裙则可能会妨碍工作,影响工作效率。 By wearing trendy workplace fashion pieces, many people are given compliments, but not always. The last thing that you want to do is get a bad name for yourself instead of compliments. That is why it is also advised that you take what others may think of you into consideration. You need to make sure that the impression that you would be making is a good one. 很多人会因为穿了时髦的职场时装而备受称赞,但事情并非总是如此。最不希望

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