Percy_Bysshe_Shelly
自考英美文学选读_Percy Bysshe Shelly
2021/6/16
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• During the remaining four years of his life ,Shelley traveled and lived in various Italian cities,peoducing all his major works , scores of magnificent lyrics ,and the major prose essay, A Defence of Poerty.
Percy Bysshe Shelly 珀·比·雪莱
Shellly(1792-1822) ，was born into a wealth family at Sussex, his father was a conservative man of the landed gentry, and
his mother was a beautiful woman.
• Shelley was drowed in 1822 in a storm near La Spezia , at the age of 30.
2021/6/16
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• The Necessity of Atheism (1811) «无神论的必然性»
• Queen Mab (1813)
« 麦布女王»
• In 1814, Shelly fell in love with Godwin's daughter, Mary Wollstonecraft.
• In 1816, Harriet's drowning freed him to
Percy_Bysshe_Shelly 3
Major Works
The Cloud (1820), To a Skylark (1820), Ode to the West Wind(1819), Prometheus Unbound (1819) Adonais (1821) A Defence of Poetry (1822)
In1810：Entered Oxford University In1811: due to Published The Necessity of Atheism, he was expelled from University of Oxford. Died:July 8,1822. Viareggio Italy
Marriage
First marriage
He eloped（私奔） with a sixteen-yearold girl, Harriet, to Scotland to get married. Unhappy in his nearly three-year-old marriage, Shelley often left his wife and child alone
Second marriage
During his first marriage he fell in love with Mary Godwin, the author of Frankenstein, and eloped with her to the European Continent. They got married a few weeks after Harriet’s body was found.
English poetry英国诗歌简介
Major romantic poets
William Blake 1757-1827 Songs of Innocence
William Wordsworth 1770-1850 Lyrical Ballads, The Prelude, I wander Lonely as a Cloud
S.T. Coleridge 1772-1834 Lyrical Ballads, Kubla Khan George Gordon Byron 1788-1824 Don Juan, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage Percy Bysshe Shelly 1792-1822 Queen Mab, Prometheus Unbound, Ode to the West Wind John Keats 1795 – 1821 Ode to a Nightingale, Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode to Autumn
English Poetry
Shakespeare's Sonnets Romantic poetry William Wordsworth Percy Bysshe Shelley John Keats
Sonnet is a very important form of English metrical poetry. It has 14 lines written to a regular rhyme scheme. Sonnet was invented by the Italian poet, Francesco Petrarch in the early 14th century. Sonnet makes it easier to express deep thought and emotion. In English poetry, there are three types of sonnet: the Italian, the Shakespearean and the Spenserian. These three types of sonnet all consist of 14 lines, but the rhyme schemes are different.
Shelly 雪莱 英国文学
schooner
In
1818 the Shelleys moved to Italy, where Byron was residing. In 1819 they went to Rome and in 1820 to Pisa. Shelley's works from this period include Julian And Maddalo, an exploration of his relations with Byron and Prometheus Unbound, a lyrical drama. The Cenci was a five-act tragedy based on the history of a 16th-century Roman family, and The Mask Of Anarchy was a political protest which was written after the Peterloo massacre大屠杀. In 1822 the Shelley household moved to the Bay of Lerici. There Shelley began to write The Triumph Of Life.
To
welcome his friend Leigh Hunt, he sailed to Leghorn 来亨( 意大利一城市). During the stormy return voyage to Lerici, his small schooner纵帆船 the Ariel sank and Shelley drowned with Edward Williams on July 8, 1822. The bodies were washed ashore at Viareggio, where, in the presence of Lord Byron and Leigh Hunt, they were burned on the beach. Shelley was later buried in Rome.
莎士比亚主要作品英文赏析
The revolutionary rebellious young Shelley was influenced by all the revolutionary and ideas of this time, Through Mab, he announced that “there is no God!” What he visualized was an ideal society under the rule of the goddess Necessity. In it humanity would return to its natural condition of good-ness and freedom.
To him the emancipation of mankind could only be won “by resolute perseverance and in-courage, and the systematic efforts of generations of men of intellect and virtue”
Major Poems and Comments of Percy Bysshe Shelley
Queen Mab(1813),Shelley’s first long
poem of importance,express almost all his 长诗的 major political ideas.It takes the form of篇章 a fairy-tale dream.The poem has nine cantos. The cantos present a vision of the woeful past，the last two an ideal view of the happy future. The five middle cantos are fierce attacks on the social evils of the day: on Monarchy, on War, on Commerce, and on Religion.
shelly
珀西·比希·雪莱Percy Bysshe Shelley）生卒：1792年8月4日-1822年7月8日Literary movement Romanticism,是英国文学史上最有才华的抒情诗人之一。
William Wordsworth 曾称其为"One of the best artists of us all“，同时期的拜伦称其为"Without exception the best and least selfish man I ever knew", 更被誉为诗人中的诗人。
其一生见识广泛，不仅是柏拉图主义者，更是个伟大的理想主义者。
创作的诗歌节奏明快，积极向上。
代表作品有长诗《解放了的普罗米修斯》和《倩契》，以及不朽的名作《西风颂》。
1792年生于苏萨科斯郡一个贵族家庭，12岁被送进伊顿贵族学校受教育1810年入牛津大学学习，第二年因发表《无神论的必然性》小册子被牛津大学开除，不久到都柏林参加爱尔兰人民的民族独立运动。
1819年完成诗剧《解放了的普罗米修斯》，诗剧采用古代神话题材，表达了反抗专制统治的斗争必将获胜的信念和空想社会主义的理想。
雪莱在1822年7月驾小艇旅行途中，偶遇风暴，溺水于斯佩齐亚海湾，时年30岁。
8岁时雪莱就开始尝试写作诗歌.1811年3月25日，由于散发《无神论的必然》(The Necessity of Atheism)，雪莱的父亲是一位墨守成规的乡绅，他要求雪莱公开声明自己与《无神论的必然》毫无关系，而雪莱拒绝了，他因此被逐出家门。
被切断经济支持的雪莱在两个妹妹的帮助下过了一段独居的生活，这一时期，他认识了哈丽雅特·韦斯特布鲁克(Harriet Westbrook)，他妹妹的同学，。
雪莱与这个十六岁的少女仅见了几次面，因为在家中受父亲虐待后便毅然赶回伦敦，带着这一身世可怜且恋慕他的少女踏上私奔的道路。
次年五月，携玛丽（雪莱后来的第二任妻子）再度同游欧洲，在日内瓦湖畔与拜伦交往密切，这两位同代伟大诗人的友谊一直保持到雪莱逝世。
英文诗歌Poetry(含中文翻译)
Poetry1THE POETRY OF DRESSRobert Herrick (1591-1674)A sweet disorder in the dressKindles in clothes a wantonness:--A lawn about the shoulders thrownInto a fine distraction,--An erring lace, which here and thereEnthrals the crimson stomacher,--A cuff neglectful, and therebyRibbons to flow confusedly,--A winning wave, deserving note,In the tempestuous petticoat,--A careless shoe-string, in whose tieI see a wild civility,--Do more bewitch me, than when artIs too precise in every part.衣裙甜雅的噪乱点燃野性的火焰：——双肩耷拉的草坪显露闲暇的靓景，——凌乱飘逸的花边使肚兜平添缀点，——漫不经心的袖口缎带蓬松地漂流，——一股汹涌的波浪让裙摆起伏跌荡，——系扎松乱的鞋带狂野但并不懈怠，——与精美艺术相比，叫人更欣喜痴迷。
2THE SOLIT ARY REAPERWilliam Wordsworth (1770-1856)Behold her, single in the field,Yon solitary Highland Lass!Reaping and singing by herself;Stop here, or gently pass!Alone she cuts and binds the grain,And sings a melancholy strain;O listen! for the Vale profoundIs overflowing with the sound.No Nightingale did ever chauntMore welcome notes to weary bandsOf travellers in some shady haunt,Among Arabian sands:A voice so thrilling ne'er was heardIn spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird,Breaking the silence of the seasAmong the farthest Hebrides.Will no one tell me what she sings?--Perhaps the plaintive numbers flowFor old, unhappy, far-off things,And battles long ago:Or is it some more humble lay,Familiar matter of to-day?Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain,That has been, and may be again?Whate'er the theme, the Maiden sangAs if her song could have no ending;I saw her singing at her work,And o'er the sickle bending;——I listen'd, motionless and still;And, as I mounted up the hill,The music in my heart I bore,Long after it was heard no more3How Do I Love Thee?Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806–1861)How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.I love thee to the depth and breadth and heightMy soul can reach, when feeling out of sightFor the ends of Being and ideal Grace.I love thee to the level of everyday'sMost quiet need, by sun and candle-light.I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise.I love thee with the passion put to useIn my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith.I love thee with a love I seemed to loseWith my lost saints, -- I love thee with the breath,Smiles, tears, of all my life! -- and, if God choose,I shall but love thee better after death.我是怎样地爱你？让我逐一细算。
Percy Bysshe Shelley
• The first section is fairly straightforward with constant references to death, corpses and destruction that Shelly uses as a metaphor for autumn. The allusion to disease and darkness describes the West Wind in this first section. • Shelly sees it as a sort of 'grim reaper' but seems to come back from the whole topic by also calling it the "preserver".
Ode to the West Wind 《西风颂》
----Percy ----Percy Bysshe Shelley
波西·比希· 波西·比希·雪莱
Percy Bysshe Shelley
(1792 - 1822) Category: English Literature Born in a wealthy family at Sussex Educated first at Eton, then at Oxford
– Stanza I
•In the first stanza, the autumn wind scatters dead leaves and seeds on the forest soil, where they eventually fertilize the earth and take root as new growth. Both "Destroyer and Preserver," the wind ensures the cyclical regularity of the seasons. These themes of regeneration and the interconnectedness of death and life, endings and beginnings, runs throughout "Ode to the West Wind."
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3. Writing Style
Shelley is one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense and original lyrical poet in the English language.
Like Blake, he has a reputation as a difficult poet: erudite, imagistically complex, full of classical and mythological allusions.
Ⅰ
❖ O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being, Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,
His style abounds in personification and metaphor and other figures of speech which describe vividly what we see and feel, or express what passionately moves us
printed in 1813, set forth a radical system of curing social ills by advocating the destruction of various established institutions.
In 1814 Shelley left England for FranБайду номын сангаасe with Mary Godwin.
“The Cloud” (1820), “To a Skylark” (1820), “Ode to the West Wind” (1819), etc.
Prometheus Unbound (1819) Adonais (1821) A Defence of Poetry (1822)
Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou, Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed
The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low, Each like a corpse within its grave, until Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow
Ode to the West Wind: Notes
❖ This poem was conceived and chiefly written in a wood that skirts the Arno, near Florence, and on a day when the tempestuous wind, whose temperature is at once mild and animating, was collecting the vapours which pour down the autumnal rains. They began, as I foresaw, at sunset with a violent tempest of hail and rain, attended by that magnificent thunder and lightning peculiar to the Cisalpine regions.
After Harriet Shelley's suicide in 1816, Shelley and Mary officially married.
The following year Shelley and Mary left England and settled in Italy.
Percy Bysshe Shelley
(1792-1822)
1. Life and Career
Born into a wealthy family at Sussex
Educated first at Eton, then at Oxford
Being expelled from Oxford and disinherited by his headstrong father because of his writing and circulating
On July 8, 1822, Shelley was drowned while sailing in the Bay of Spezia, near Lerici.
At the age of 30
Mary Shelley
Young Shelley
2. Major Works
Best lyrics:
Ode To the West Wind
Ode to the West Wind: Notes
❖ Written in the Autumn, 1819, and published in the following year, this poem has become one of the most popular and best-known of Shelley's verses. In a note Shelley outlined the circumstances behind the poem's making:
a pamphlet, The Necessity of Atheism (1811), to
repudiate the existence of God
Shelley
Eloped with 16-year-old Harriet Westbrook in 1811
His first important poem, Queen Mab, privately