上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2010年9月
上海市中级口译考试第二阶段考试题库 部分答案整理
1、今晚，我们很高兴在北京大学在此接待我们的老朋友格林博士和夫人我代表学校的全体师生员工，向格林博士和夫人以及其他新西兰贵宾，表示热烈的欢迎我相信格林博士这次对我校的访问必将为进一步加强两校的友好合作关系作出重要的贡献明天贵宾们将要赴南京和上海访问，我预祝大家一路顺风。
It gives us great pleasure to play host tonight to our old friends. Dr. and Mrs. Green in Beijing University once again. On behalf of the faculty, students and staff of the university. I wish to extend our warm welcome to Dr. and Mrs. Green and other distinguished New Zealand guests. I am convinced that Dr. Green’s current visit t0 our university will surely make an important contribution to future strengthening the friendly relations and cooperation between our two universities. Our distinguished guests will leave for Nanjing and Shanghai tomorrow. I wish you all a pleasant journey.2、在这举国同庆的夜晚，我谨代表公司的全体同仁感谢各位来宾光临我们的春节联欢晚会春节是我国一年中的良辰佳时，我希望在座的各位度过一个轻松欢快的夜晚我愿外国来宾尽情品尝中国的传统佳肴和美酒，我希望这次晚会能使我们又机会彼此沟通，增进友谊，最后，我再次感谢各位嘉宾的光临，并祝各位新年身体健康，事业有成，吉祥如意On the occasion of this evening of national celebration, and on behalf of all my colleagues of the company, I wish to thank all the guest here for coming to this party to celebrate our Spring Festival. The Chinese Spring Festival is a very wonderful and joyous occasion in our tradition, and I wish all present here a most relaxing and delightful evening. I hope my overseas visitors will have a good time enjoying to their heart’ content the finest traditional Chinese cuisine and wine. I hope this party will give us an excellent opportunity to get to know each other and to increase our friendship. In closing, I’d like to thank you again for your presence and wish everyone good health, a successful career and the very best of luck in the new year.3、有人认为深圳和香港能形成一个经济圈说不定可以发展成为一个亚太经济中心，然而更多的人认为，深圳应该当好内地与香港之间的桥梁，深圳正在借助香港的优势发展自己，经过15年的发展，深圳已逐步发展成为一个国际商铺。
上海市高级口译考试第二阶段考试题库
上海市英语高级口译资格证书第二阶段考试INTERPRETATION TEST (Paper 24) 2000.5Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret in into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… you may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:Since the early 1990’s, information technologies have fundamentally changed and will continue to change the world in which we live, work, study and communicate. Today, on the threshold of the 21st century, the global Information Revolution has become a reality. The accelerated development of information technologies is having an increasing impact on the global economic activity and social structures. //自从九十年代初以来，信息技术已经从根本上改变了并且继续改变着世界，改变着人们的居住、工作、学习和交际（方式）。
上海英语高级口译证书第二阶段考试
上海英语高级口译证书第二阶段考试上海英语高级口译证书第二阶段考试，又称为“上海高口”，是衡量英语口译水平的重要考试之一。
作为国内最具权威性的口译考试之一，上海高口不仅对考生语言能力有严格要求，更对其综合素质和应变能力提出了挑战。
本文将深入分析上海高口的考试内容、特点以及备考策略，帮助考生更好地应对这一挑战。
一、考试概述上海高口考试主要考察考生的听力理解、口头表达、翻译技巧以及跨文化交际能力。
考试分为两个阶段：第一阶段为笔试，考察考生的英语综合能力；第二阶段为口试，着重考察考生的口语表达和翻译能力。
考生在通过第一阶段考试后才有资格参加第二阶段的口试。
二、考试特点1. 听力理解：上海高口听力部分涵盖了新闻听力、讲座听力、访谈听力等多个题型，要求考生具备快速捕捉关键信息、理解复杂语言结构的能力。
2. 口头表达：该部分要求考生能够清晰、流利地表达自己的观点，同时具备良好的语音语调和节奏感。
3. 翻译技巧：上海高口重视翻译的准确性和流畅性，要求考生在翻译过程中能够妥善处理文化差异，做到“信、达、雅”。
4. 跨文化交际：该部分考察考生在不同文化背景下的交际能力，要求考生能够理解不同文化之间的差异，避免文化冲突。
三、备考策略1. 制定科学的复习计划：备考上海高口需要投入大量的时间和精力，考生应根据自己的实际情况，制定科学的复习计划。
在计划中应充分考虑时间分配、复习进度和模拟考试等因素。
2. 注重听力训练：听力是上海高口考试的重点之一，考生应注重听力训练。
可以通过听英语新闻、看英语电影、听英语讲座等方式提高自己的听力水平。
同时，要学会利用听力的间隙时间，快速记录关键信息，提高听力效率。
3. 加强口语练习：口语表达是上海高口考试的另一重点，考生应加强口语练习。
可以通过模拟对话、参加英语角、与外教交流等方式提高自己的口语水平。
同时，要注意纠正自己的语音语调和语法错误，做到流利、准确地表达自己的观点。
4. 提高翻译技巧：翻译是上海高口的难点之一，考生应注重提高自己的翻译技巧。
9月上海英语翻译资格高级口译听力真题完整版
9月上海英语翻译资格高级口译听力真题完整版Part A: Spot DictationWas it envisioned for the euro to eventually become such a strong currency that it could compete with the dollar on a global level? Or was that a dream then and is it still a dream now?I think it was an attainable dream, and it is becoming actually, in some ways, less attainable right now.You may ask why?Well, the dream to give credit where credit is due was not only advocated by some European officials but by some American economists, including our Institute’s director, Fred Bergsten, who was way out in the front with that. Richard Portes, who teaches at London Business School, also was way out in front with that. And they were very much against the tide of people like Martin Feldstein and others in London and the United States who were very skeptical towards the euro.At face value, the euro area is the same size in GDP as the United States, roughly speaking. The euro area does have very large and deep financial markets, although the more you look in detail, there are still some things there that differentiate it from the United States. And the euro area has delivered price stability. They have a very low rate of inflation pretty consistently. So you put those three things together, on paper it looks like the euro should be at least a very clear second to the dollar in investor’s portfolios, in government reserve holdings, in how much you invoice trade like oil or planes or things like that.But what our research finds in this book -- in particular in good chapters by Kristin Forbes and Linda Goldberg -- is the fact that if you look under the hood a bit, there is ahuge shortfall between what you would expect just based on size and how much the euro is used. So there’s an awful lot of trade that’s still invoiced in dollars, not in euros, even between countries that are not dollar countries. There are huge amounts of financial flows that come to the United States, and the depth of European assets and financial flows is not commensurate with the size.【解析】本文节选自Growing Pains for the Euro。
9月英语高级口译考试笔试真题试卷
9月英语高级口译考试笔试真题试卷Directions: In this part of thetest,youwillhearapassageand read thesamepassage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear. the passage ONLY ONCE.Good morning, class!As you remember, last week we talked about the (1). Today we're going to start talking about how radio advertisers (2) to get us to buy the products they're selling. There are so many emotions that advertisements (3). To affect a particular emotion, advertisers make what we call an emotional appeal. TodayI'm going to (4) that are often used to influence us to buy. I think you'll find it interesting because I've brought with me some (5) to play foryou as examples.OK,let's get started. tr.hjenglish./One of the most popular emotional appeals that advertisers use is (6). We all like to hear funny stories, so by (7), the advertisers hope that that we'll remember it and will, therefore, remember the product. But (8) is the importance of fitting the fight emotional appeal with (9). In the case of humor, it wouldn't be appropriate to make a funny ad for a serious product. Like, say, a lawfirm that (10).You wouldn't want to use humor to advertise that.Now let's talk about another appeal —— the (11). By thriftiness I'm talking about (12). Most shoppers are more likely to buy something if it's on she than if (13). Here is an advertisement for a furniture store that's (14). Notice how the advertisement gets the listener to (15). In fact the ad talks only about prices and not about (16) or what the store specializes in. The last kind of ad is the advertisement that (17). Our egos make us do things to look good in front of others. For example, we might (18) to look rich, or we might join a health club (19), all because we want to look good. This desire is so strong that advertisers often create ads that speak to our egos. They focus on this question: How does this product (20)?Part B: Listening Comprehension tr.hjenglish./Directions:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write' the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) Because it carries only good news.tr.hjenglish./(B) Because it is a mainstream newspaper.(C) Because it represents objective journalism.(D) Because it-tells both sides of a story.2. (A) He's writing for the Community News.(B) He's planning to publish a new newspaper.(C) He's bored with the bad news he reads all the time.(D) He's e up with an alternative to mainstream newspapers.3. (A) It doesn't report all facts.(B) It contains too much tabloid journalism.(C) It focuses on truly objective reporting.(D) It goes for the most sensational news.4. (A) Because there is the daily increase of crime incidence.(B) Because there is a tendency to go for sensational news.(C) Because there is the widespread tendency to favor objective reporting.(D) Because there is a superficial element in the positive stories.5. (A) By covering only certain types of event such asa fire.(B) By making good news out of scandals and murder.(C) By not telling the positive side of things.(D) By giving people only useful information.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) There will be seven nations added to themilitary alliance.(B) The expansion has failed to be approved by the US Senate.(C) The US House of Representatives will vote on the protocol soon.(D) Canada and Norway have already ratified the expansion.7. (A) Japan's staunch diplomatic support for the US in the war in Iraq.(B) A scheduled meeting between the top leaders ofJapan and the US.(C) A proposed solution to the North Korea issue,(D) Japan's participation in the reconstruction of Iraq.8. (A) A Palestinian man was shot dead by Israeli soldiers.(B) A woman was killed when harvesting crops with her daughter.(C) A new security zone was set up to protect a Jewish Settlement.(D) A big fire broke out ahead of a US push for Mideast peace.9. (A) Inquiry into the landing of the Russian Soyuz craft was under way.(B) Russians were involved in investigating the causesof the Columbia shuttle crash.(C) There might be great difficulties in the inquiry work.(D) No US experts had been invited to take part in the inquiry.10.(A) 11.(B) 27. tr.hjenglish./(C) 30.(D) 31.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) American.(B) British.(C) Russian.(D) German.12. (A) Engineering.(B) Astrology.(C) Chemistry.(D) Physics.13. (A) A technologist.(B) An engineer.(C) A university professor.(D) A laborotrary assistant.14. (A) Swimming.(B) Cycling.(C) Running.(D) Weight-lifting.15. (A) 30,000.(B) 13,000. tr.hjenglish./(C) 3,000.(D) l,300.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. (A) 1902.(B) 1938.(C) 1982. tr.hjenglish./(D) 1985.17. (A) It is impolite for the host to offer food first.(B) The host does not offer again if the guest refuses food.(C) It is polite for guests to refuse even if they want more.(D) The host usually does not offer food to guests.18. (A) You don't pour your neighbor a glass if you area woman.(B) You think twice about which hand to use if you pour the wine.(C) You should pour the wine with your fight hand.(D) You can fill everyone else's glasses, but not your own.19. (A) To keep one hand in your lap with the right hand holding the fork.(B) To put both elbows on the table, holding the knife and fork in hands..(C) To rest your wrists on the edge of the table.(D) It's not mentioned in the talk.20. (A) To position your knife and fork close together on the side of the plate or diagonally.(B) To cross your knife and fork on the plate with the fork facing UP underneath.(C) To cross your knife and fork on the plate with the fork facing down underneath.(D) To put your knife and fork down on opposite sides of the plate.。
高级口译全真题及答案完整版
如有你有帮助，请购买下载，谢谢！高级口译全真题201003答案完整版参考答案SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A: Spot Dictation(1) You bet, they can(2) help your lungs get stonger(3) professional football and basketball(4) Golf and yoga(5) keep going for a long time(6) include long-distance running(7) and ice hockey(8) you really like them(9) right training and medicine(10) under control(11) symptoms or flare-ups(12) take all asthma medicine(13) you’re feeling OK(14) skipping outdoor workouts(15) a scarf or mask(16) a careful warm-up and cool-down(17) need stop working out(18) knows which steps to take(19) follow the instructions(20) knot on the sidelinesPart B: Listening Comprehension1.B2.D3.C4.A5.C6.C7.A8.A9.D 10.B11.A 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.CSECTION 2: READING TEST1.C2.A3.C4.D5.B6.B7.C8.C9.C 10.C11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.DSECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST当下在伦敦舞台上所看到的演出，有太多的戏关注于生活中的暴力冲突，因此遇上一出在平凡故事中演绎平凡人的戏剧，也就令人感到惊奇。
月中级口译真题及参考答案
2010年9月中级口译真题及参考答案Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONL Y ONCE.British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you'll know where ___________ (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ (3).Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ (4) of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, _____________ (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ (7) in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: 'Go away, you _____________ (8).' On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o'clock smile: 'Thank you very much. I _____________ (9) a cup of tea, especially in the morning.' If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ (10)!Then you have ___________ (11)。
2010年9月上海高级口译考试真题录音及原文答案
2010年9月上海高级口译考试真题录音及原文答案SECTION 1 LISTENING TEST 45 minutesPart A Spot dictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.We already live in an over-communicated world that will only become more so in the next tech era. We‘ve developed technology that gets us so much information that we‘ve got cell phones ringing every second.We‘ve got computers and laptops. We‘ve got personal organizers. And we‘re just being bombarded with communication and every advancing technology seems to create more and more communications at us. We are thought of over-whelmed by the information flow.Research suggests that all the multi-tasking may actually make our brains work better and faster, producing a world-wide increase in IQ up to 20 points and more in recent decades. Is there any real benefit in all these mental gymnastics we now have to go through? We are not becoming a race of global idiots, but many do think certain skills are enhanced and certain are not. You know the ability to make fast decisions, to answer a dozen emails in 5 minutes or to fill out maybe big aptitude text. That‘s enhanced.But when someone is out there with his kids laying in his little league, or something like that, he‘s got his cell phone in his pocket, he is always wondering: ―Jeez, did I get a voicemail?‖ This might have negative effects on our own brains patterns. Creativity is something that happens slowly. It happens when your brain is just noodling around, just playing. When it puts together ideas which you haven‘t thought of, or maybe you have time to read a book. You are a business person but you have time to read a book about history or about a philosopher and something that happened long ago, or something or some ideas, some default of long ago.Actually, it might occur to you that you can think of your own business in that way. And so if this mixture of unrelated ideas that feeds your productivity, feeds your creativity, and if your mind is disciplined to answer every email, then you don‘t have time for that playful noodling,you don‘t have time for those unexpected conjunctions. So I think maybe we are getting smarter in some senses, but over communication is a threat to our creativity and to our reflection.Part B Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5M: You know in designing this new town, we try to look backward at small town in America, and take the best of those planning elements. Houses close together, sidewalks from the porches, tree-lined streets, easynon-automobile-dependent access to the town center and to your neighbors and to the school and the other institutions that are vital. And we‘ve tried to take some of those ideas and updat e them and come out with a livable, workable place where people can go and re-kindle the sense of community that seems to be missing from suburbs all across the country.W: So give us a sense of how these new towns are designed.M: Houses are all very close together. We were just 10 feet apart from our neighbors on either side of us. And that‘s pretty much the standard for the town. So, you have houses that are close together, houses that surround open areas. They have a lot of big parks, a lot of common areas. The theory is that you are willing to sacrificial private yards base. You don‘t need a quarter of an acre or half an acre. If you have a public area where you can go and enjoy the facilities there. And, most importantly, you can interact with your neighbors. That helps to create the sense of community. That‘s so important to many of these new town developments.W: Now I see this whole sense of community. It‘s going to be a new town, but we are going to do it with the sense of nostalgia for the past, like, a lot of the houses had porches.M: yes, it would create a front-porch culture, that people would be out on their porches, talking to their neighbors next door, and to people walking down the street, or people riding their bikes. And that would be this culture that existed 40, 50 or 60 years ago. But that really has been one of the failures that we observed during our 2 years in this new town. And the people don‘t spend very much time at all on their front porches. There are a couple of things g oing on. One is this central Florida and it‘s hotter than hell a god part of the year. And sitting on your front porch, even if you have a fun going, can be a very uncomfortable thing. People prefer to be inside in the air-conditioning.W: What were some of the rules you had to live by in the new project? And did any of these rules bother you?M: well, the developer and I have different feelings about rules. His feeling is, if I can summarize these feelings for him, that you move in then knowing the rul es, and if you don‘t like them, you shouldn‘t move in. I have some problems with rules. I just sometimes like to break them. And They just bother me because of their inexistence. But the rules sometimes were silly and sometimes weren‘t. They dictated what color your curtains could be facing this street, and actually asked a woman with red curtains to remove them.W: really? Is that true?M: And they dictated where you could park your car and for how long. They dictated any sort of thing you could attach t o your house. You couldn‘t attach a satellite dish to your house, they dictated forever the color of your house. And they dictate how often you have to repaint your house. They try to go a step further and remove plastic flowers and plastic furniture from that all important front porches. Some rules seem to go a little too far.Questions:1. What are the two speakers talking about?2. There are several planning elements for recreating a sense of community. Which of the following is not one of these elements?3. According to the conversation, what can we learn about the so-called front porch culture?4. Which of the following is not one of the rules that the residents have to live by?5. What does the man think of these rules according to the conversation?Questions 6-10 NewsNew York, USThe biggest Wall Street banks slashed their small business loan portfolios by 9% between 2008 and 2009,more than double the rate at which they cut their overall lending, according to a government report released Thursday.The Congressional Oversight Panel report spotlights the role banks, especially the largest ones, played in the credit crunch that has plagued small companies throughout the recession."Big banks pulled back on everyone, but they pulled back harder on small businesses," Elizabeth Warren, the panel's chairwoman.Warren's oversight committee was established to keep tabs on the federal government's financial stabilization effort. The committee's May report focuses on the role her committee played in improving credit access for small companies.Madrid, SpainThe European Union eases trade with Latin America at Madrid summitThe EU plans to boost trade with Latin America despite warnings from some European ministers and farmers, who fear unfair competition.EU negotiations with the Mercosur trade bloc, frozen since 2004, will reopen. The Mercosur group embraces Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.Trade deals were also reached with Central America, Peru and Colombia, following marathon talks in Madrid. EU Commission president Jose Manuel Barroso said, ―We have opened a ground-breaking chapter in the EU relationship with our Latin America and Caribbean partners.‖ The EU is pursuing regional trade agreements while global trade talks - the so-called Doha Round - have failed to make progress.Tripoli, LibyaMembers of a Dutch family are on their way to Libya after being told that the sole survivor of the plane crash that killed 103 people might be their relative. A member of the Dutch family told the media that officials had told her family the child being treated at a hospital in Tripoli might be her grandson, 9-year-old Ruben van Assouw.The Dutch foreign ministry confirmed that two presumed family members of the injured child were on their way to Tripoli.Ruben had been on safari in South Africa with his brother, mother and father. All of whom perished in the crash, said the newspaper.Sixty-one Dutch citizens were believed killed when the MA Flight 230 from Johannesburg to Tripoli crashed on landing in clear weather at 6am. The Times understands that seven passengers had been due to fly on to London. Two of the dead were Britons and one was Irish.London, the United KingdomTarget Corp posted a higher quarterly profit as consumers loosened their wallets to spend on items including clothing and electronics.The discount retailer said profit was $671 million in the first fiscal quarter that ended May 1, compared with $522 million a year earlier.Target has benefited from consumers becoming a bit more willing to spend on discretionary items such as clothing and home furnishings.The company previously said that sales at stores open at least a year rose 2.8 percent in the first quarter.Bonn, GermanyFears of greater financial regulation across Europe hammered stocks after German measures aimed at limiting speculation were taken to smack of desperation.Stock markets were unnerved by Germany's unilateral ban on certain naked shorts announced late on Tuesday. And the euro suffered a kneejerk reaction, falling more than 1 percent against the yen, as investors saw foreign exchange as the only way to bet against the euro zone.World stocks were down 1.43 percent whilst the more volatile emerging markets index fell 2.64 percent.There were also fears that the debt crisis was about to worsen as some believed Germany's move smacked of desperation.Questions:6. What did the Wall Street banks do between 2008 and 2009 as reported in the news?7. What did the European Union plan to do at the Madrid Summit?8. How many people were killed when the passenger plane from Johannesburg to Tripoli crashed on landing?9. How much profit did Target Corp make in the first quarter of the year?10. What did Germany‘s recent financial measures aim at?Questions 11-15Man: When most couples married, they may discuss some things in advance like how many children they want or where they want to live. But most of the day-to-day details or problems of married life work out after marriage. Not so with Steven Karen Parsons who have a 15-page prenuptial agreement that states the rules they must follow in almost every aspect of their married life. Today, Karen is here with us.Man: Karen, first I‘d like to ask you why you decided to write this agreement. You‘ve both been married before. Am I right?Woman: Yes, I‘ve been married twice and Steve was married once before. So we have some experience about what goes wrong in a marriage.Man: And that‘s why you wrote this agreement.Woman: Yes, we found that many problems happen when a person has different expectations from his or her spouse. We want to talk about everything openly and honestly before we start living together. Also, we both know how important it is to respect each other‘s quotes. We‘re all bothe red by things that seems small tosomeone else, like it used to really bother me when my ex-husband let his dirty clothes on the floor. So we put that in the agreement: dirty clothing must be put in a laundry bag. Now Steve knows what my expectations are.Man: I‘m sure that some people hearing this report will think this contract isn‘t very romantic.Woman: Well, we disagree. We think it‘s very romantic. Disagreement shows that we set down and talked and really try to understand the other person. A lot of problems occur in a marriage because people don‘t talk about what they want. That‘s right. When we disagree about something, we work out solution. That‘s good for both of us. I‘d much rather do that than get some romantic gifts like flowers or candy.Man: Some of these rules sound like, well, a business agreement. Many of your rules concern money in some way, even the rules about having children.Woman: In our experience, disagreements about money can cause a lot of problems, so we talked about how we want to spend our money and put that in the agreement as well.Man: So do you spend a lot of time checking on each other to see if the rules are being followed?Woman: No, not at all. And we don‘t argue about them, either. As a matter of fact I think we spend less time arguing than most couples. Because we both know what the other person expects. We can spend our time doing things we enjoy and just being with each other.Man: What happens if one of you breaks the rule.？Woman: We don‘t think that wil l be a problem. No, because we do agree on these rules.Man: But what if, say, you don‘t want to cook dinner one night, what happens?Woman: Well, we talk about it and reach a compromise. Maybe there‘s a good reason.Man: But if you break a lot of rules all the time?Woman: Then we have to ask ‗Is this marriage really working?‘ Because if we can‘t follow all our own agreement. There‘s no point making it.Man: So it sounds like you two are happy with this agreement. Do you think other couples should follow your example and write the prenuptial agreement of their own?Woman: ―So a lot of work to write an agreement, but I think it could be useful to a lot of people. Maybe there would be fewer divorces if everyone did this.Questions:11. About which of the following topics is the woman been interviewed?12. What can we learn about the man and the woman from the interview?13. According to the woman, why did so many problems happen in a marriage?14. What does the woman think of this contract?15. What happens if one of the couple sometimes breaks a rule of the contract?Questions 16-20Today we are going to talk about cross-cultural perceptions of time.Different cultures often have entirely different perceptions of time. The cultural anthropologist Edward T Hall popularized the idea that cultures use time and view time in very different ways. The idea of the past, present and future and the whole concept of scheduling or managing time can be so different that it leads tocross-cultural miscommunications. In his 1990 book，The Dance of Life, Hall writes time is one of the fundamental bases, on which all cultures rest, and around which all activities revolve. Understanding the difference between monochronic time and polychronic time is essential to success. Hall's notion of monochronism and polychronism can be understood as follows: monochronic time is linear, events scheduled one at a time, one event following another. To a monochronic culture, this type of schedule is valued over interpersonal relationships.On the other hand, polychronic time is characterized by many things happening simultaneously. In addition, interpersonal relationships are highly valued in polychronic cultures. Hall's theory is that monochronic time can be found primarily in North American and northern European cultures. These cultures emphasize schedules, punctuality and preciseness. They also emphasize doing things. They are cultures that value productivity, that value getting things done on time. They view time as something that can be lost, killed or wasted. Or conversely, they view as something that can or should be managed, planed and used efficiently. Polychronic time, on the other hand, can be found primarily in Latin American, African, and Native American cultures. Their conception of time is more connected to natural rhythms. It is connected to the earth, to the seasons. This makes sense when we consider that natural events can occur spontaneously, sporadically or concurrently. Polychronic cultures view time as being somewhat flexible. Since life isn't so predictable, scheduling and being processed simply isn't that important. In addition, relationships with people are valued more than making schedules. There is more value placed on being than on doing.Different cultural perceptions of time can lead to conflict, especially in the business world. The idea of being late versus on time for a meeting, for example, might differ widely between an American business person and a Brazilian. The American business person might be far less tolerant of a Brazilian's late arrival. However, the Brazilian business person might be offended by an American's insistence on punctuality, or on getting right down to business. The Brazilian would generally prefer to finish talking with colleagues first and would not want to cut conversation short in order to make an appointment. Some traditional time management programs used in the business world might not translate well in another culture. Traditional time management programs in the business world emphasize to-do-list and careful scheduling. They are monochronic. However, a business in a polychronic culture might not adjust well to that system. Companies, who impose those monochronic systems on places of business in polychronic cultures, might be guilty of ethno-centrism, which means making their own ethnical cultural values central and not valuing other values. Edward Hall's theory of monochronic and polychronic cultures has been challenged by some critics. Some people think it is overly general. They argue that within any culture group we might find people who think of time differently.In other words, a primarily polychronic culture might have both monochronic and polychronic types of people. The same diversity among individuals might be found in a primarily monochronic culture. Critics of anthropologist like Edward Hall feel that it is more useful to think of time differences among individuals, not just between culture groups.Questions:16. Which of the following topics is the person talking about?17. What can we learn about Monochronism from the cultural anthropologist Edward T Hall?18. Which of the following statements apply to Polychronism according to Edward Hall?19. In the business world, who would prefer to finish talking with colleagues before keeping an appointment?20. Edward Hall's theory has been challenged by some critics. What do these critics think of his theory? SECTION 2 READING TEST 30 minutesDirections: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5Congress began 2010 with a bad case of legislative déjà vu. Last year, it approved a $787 billion stimulus package meant to "create or save" millions of jobs. President Obama says the stimulus has saved or created as many as 2 million jobs so far. But even if that highly optimistic figure is true, in the real world, over 3 million jobs have been lost since the stimulus was signed into law – a dismal feat all financed with enormous debt. Now Congress is working on another stimulus package, but they're calling it a jobs bill. In December, the House passed a $174 billion "Jobs for Main Street Bill" that would use federal dollars to fund job-creating infrastructure projects, while extending unemployment benefits. Sound familiar?Unemployment remains at about 10 percent and state unemployment insurance funds are running out of money. While the Obama administration works to artificially inflate the number of jobs, the unemployed face diminished opportunities and income security. By 2012, 40 state unemployment trust funds are projected to be empty, requiring $90 billion in federal loans to continue operating. Normally, state unemployment benefits pay jobless workers between 50 and 70 percent of their salaries for up to 26 weeks. But during this recession, Congress has extended those benefits four times. The result is that some workers can now claim benefits for 99 weeks. Now Congress may enact a record fifth extension. What would be wrong with that? Everything. The state-federal unemployment insurance program (UI) is an economic drag on businesses and states. And it's a poor safety net for the unemployed.UI, a relic of the Great Depression, fails workers when they need it most. UI trust funds depend on astate-levied payroll tax on employers. During boom years, these funds are generally flush. But during recessions, they can get depleted quickly. The bind is that to replenish their UI fund, states have to raise payroll taxes. That hurts the bottom line for businesses both large and small. Passed on to workers as a lower salary, high payroll taxes discourage businesses from hiring. During steep recessions, states face a fiscal Catch-22: Reduce benefits or raise taxes. To date, 27 states have depleted their UI funds and are using $29 billion in federal loans they'll have to start repaying in 2011. Other states are slashing benefits. While federal guidelines recommend that states keep one year's worth of unemployment reserves, many states entered the recession already insolvent. When federal loans are exhausted, the only option left is higher payroll taxes – a move sure to discourage hiring and depress salaries.The increasingly small and uncertain payouts of UI are the opposite of income security. The effect of UI's eight-decade experiment has been to condition workers to save less for a "rainy day" and instead rely on a system that provides no guarantee. UI limits personal responsibility to save; gradually, individuals find themselves in financial peril. Real reform requires putting employees in charge with individual private accounts and getting the government out of the business of creating illusionary safety nets.Unemployment Insurance Savings Accounts (UISA), by contrast, give workers control of their own income,eliminating the negative effects of the UI program on businesses and budgets. Adopted by Chile in 2003, UISAs are also financed via a payroll tax on individual workers and employers. The difference is the money is directly deposited into the individual worker's account. Basically a form of forced savings, UISAs allow individuals to draw on their own accounts during periods of unemployment and roll unused funds into their savings upon retirement. With the burden reduced on employers, wages rise, leading to greater contributions to the individual's fund. The federal government is removed from the picture, and all workers are guaranteed a savings account upon retirement.UISAs liberate workers from uncertainty and improve incentives. When unemployed workers must rely on their own funds rather than the common fiscal pool, they find jobs faster. Congress's repeated extensions of the current UI program may be well intended, but they may also be counterproductive. Like any deadline extension, additional jobless benefits diminish the job seeker's urgency, all at taxpayers' expense.Today, expanded UI benefits mean higher state payroll taxes, which make it harder for employers to expand hiring or raise wages. UISAs, on the other hand, make the payroll tax on business part of the employer's investment in an individual worker, rather than a penalty for doing business. In 2010, it's time to say goodbye to the problems created by broken policies. Congress should start this decade with a promise for true economic freedom: Let businesses create jobs and let workers keep what they've earned.Questions 11-15LIKE the space telescope he championed, astronomer Lyman Spitzer faced some perilous moments in his career. Most notably, on a July day in 1945, he happened to be in the Empire State building when a B-25 Mitchell bomber lost its way in fog and crashed into the skyscraper 14 floors above him. Seeing debris falling past the window, his curiosity got the better of him, as Robert Zimmerman recounts in his Hubble history, The Universe in a Mirror. Spitzer tried to poke his head out the window to see what was going on, but others quickly convinced him it was too dangerous.Spitzer was not the first astronomer to dream of sending a telescope above the distorting effects of the atmosphere, but it was his tireless advocacy, in part, that led NASA to launch the Hubble Space Telescope in 1990. Initially jubilant, astronomers were soon horrified to discover that Hubble's 2.4-metre main mirror had been ground to the wrong shape. Although it was only off by 2.2 micrometres, this badly blurred the telescope's vision and made the scientists who had promised the world new images and science in exchange for $1.5 billion of public money the butt of jokes. The fiasco, inevitably dubbed "Hubble Trouble" by the press, wasn't helped when even the limited science the crippled Hubble could do was threatened as its gyroscopes, needed to control the orientation of the telescope, started to fail one by one.By 1993, as NASA prepared to launch a rescue mission, the situation looked bleak. The telescope "probably wouldn't have gone on for more than a year or two" without repairs, says John Grunsfeld, an astronaut who flew on the most recent Hubble servicing mission. Happily, the rescue mission was a success. Shuttle astronauts installed new instruments that corrected for the flawed mirror, and replaced the gyroscopes. Two years later, Hubble gave us the deepest ever view of the universe, peering back to an era just 1 billion years after the big bang to see the primordial building blocks that aggregated to form galaxies like our own.The success of the 1993 servicing mission encouraged NASA to mount three more (in 1997, 1999 and 2002). Far from merely keeping the observatory alive, astronauts installed updated instruments on these missions that dramatically improved Hubble's power. It was "as if you took in your Chevy Nova [for repairs] and they gave you back a Lear jet," says Steven Beckwith, who from 1998 to 2005 headed the Space TelescopeScience Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, where Hubble's observations are planned. Along the way, in 1998, Hubble's measurements of supernovas in distant galaxies unexpectedly revealed that the universe is expanding at an ever-increasing pace, propelled by a mysterious entity now known as dark energy. In 2001 the space observatory also managed to make the first measurement of a chemical in the atmosphere of a planet in an alien solar system.Despite its successes, Hubble's life looked like it would be cut short when in 2004, NASA's then administrator Sean O'Keefe announced the agency would send no more servicing missions to Hubble, citing unacceptable risks to astronauts in the wake of the Columbia shuttle disaster of 2003, in which the craft exploded on re-entry, killing its crew. By this time, three of Hubble's gyroscopes were already broken or ailing and no one was sure how long the other three would last. Citizen petitions and an outcry among astronomers put pressure on NASA, and after a high-level panel of experts declared that another mission to Hubble would not be exceptionally risky, the agency reversed course, leading to the most recent servicing mission, in May 2009.No more are planned. The remainder of the shuttle fleet that astronauts used to reach Hubble is scheduled to retire by the year's end. And in 2014, NASA plans to launch Hubble's successor, an infrared observatory called the James Webb Space Telescope, which will probe galaxies even further away and make more measurements of exoplanet atmospheres.According to Grunsfeld, now STScI's deputy director, plans are afoot for a robotic mission to grab Hubble when it reaches the end of its useful life, nudging it into Earth's atmosphere where most of it would be incinerated. Only the mirror is sturdy enough to survive the fall into an empty patch of ocean.But let's not get ahead of ourselves - Hubble is far from finished. The instruments installed in May 2009, including the Wide Field Camera 3, which took this image of the Butterfly nebula, 3800 light years away, have boosted its powers yet again. It might have as much as a decade of life left even without more servicing. "It really is only reaching its full stride now, after 20 years," says Grunsfeld.A key priority for Hubble will be to explore the origin of dark energy by probing for it at earlier times in the universe's history. Hubble scientist Malcolm Niedner of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, is not willing to bet on what its most important discovery will be. "More than half of the most amazing textbook-changing science to emerge from this telescope occurred in areas we couldn't even have dreamed of," he says. "Expect the unexpected."Questions 16-20The month of January offered those who track the ups and downs of the U.S. economy 92 significant data releases and announcements to digest. That's according to a calendar compiled by the investment bank UBS. The number doesn't include corporate earnings, data from abroad or informal indicators like, say, cardboard prices (a favorite of Alan Greenspan's back in the day).It was not always thus. "One reads with dismay of Presidents Hoover and then Roosevelt designing policies to combat the Great Depression of the 1930s on the basis of such sketchy data as stock price indices, freight car loadings, and incomplete indices of industrial production," writes the University of North Carolina's Richard Froyen in his macroeconomics textbook.But that was then. The Depression inspired the creation of new measures like gross domestic product. (It was gross national product back in those days, but the basic idea is the same.) Wartime planning needs and。
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上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题2010年9月(总分：9.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、口语题Directions：Talk on the following topic for 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with "My name is " "My registration number is… "(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.Topic：A Year of Economic RecoveryQuestions for Reference.1. Many economists say that the year 2009 was a year of economic recovery for China. What was the goal of the annual GDP growth rate set by the Chinese Government72. This recovery was due to the forcefulness of the Chinese government's policies. The best-known and most effective measure is the 4-trillion-yuan stimulus plan. The major investment was put in infrastructure construction. Could you explain what infrastructure means? Name and describe one or two instances of infrastructure construction in 2009.3. The economic recovery in 2009 has also improved the life of ordinary Chinese people. Say something about how you and your family, or your relatives or friends, have benefited from this economic recovery?（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part ADirections:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal.., and stop it at the signal... You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let's begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数：1，分数：4.00)（分数：4.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(很荣幸参加今天这次重要会议。
这次会议是在全球经济开始上扬的背景之下召开的。
以中国为领头羊的世界经济目前有望恢复稳步上升的趋势。
复苏也正在向纵深发展。
所有主要地区的形势都在好转。
显然，亚洲是全球复苏的先驱。
上升的潮流也带动了我国，我们期望来年能够加速发展。
//但是，我们知道经济复苏参差不齐，中国、印度和美国复苏相对较快，但欧元区相对滞后。
要保持这种强劲持续的复苏形势需要合作。
这种合作必须确保所有地区都承担其相应的调整负担。
这要求世界经济大国加速实施有效的金融体制改革。
)解析：[解析]It is a privilege to participate in this important conference，which takes place against the background of an initial strengthening of the global economic outlook．Led by China，the world economy now has the potential for a return to solid growth．The recovery is broadening and deepening，with all major regions showing improvement．Obviously，Asia is in the vanguard of the global recovery．This rising tide will also lift our country，and we expect growth in this country to accelerate in the coming year．//But we know that the recovery is still uneven，with growth relatively rapid in China，India，and the United States，but with the euro area lagging behind．Ensuring that the recovery is robust and sustained requires cooperation．And such cooperation should ensure that no region bears a disproportionate burden of adjustment．This requires major economic powers in the world to accelerate their pace of effective structural financial reform．__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(女士们、先生们，我很高兴能参加这次公司治理研讨会并作发言。
在此我认为，我们在以后的几年中将要面临四大重要任务：第一，进一步采取措施加强公司管理，包括为投资者提供更准确、及时的信息，确保我们具有持续的投资吸引力。
第二，我们有必要加速建立健全金融部门，包括效率更高的地方资本市场。
//第三，我们应该加速劳动力市场机制现代化的进程，这些机制应该使企业具备更强的灵活性和适应性，从而创造更多更好的工作机会，不仅给熟练工、也能给普通大众带来工作。
第四，我们还需要加强社会网络，确保在经济动荡时期，社会最无助的弱势群体能够受到保护。
这样的人群需要更多的关注。
)解析：[解析]Ladies and gentlemen，I’m very glad to attend and address this conference on corporate governance．Here I see four critical tasks for us in the years ahead：First，further steps are needed to improve corporate governance，including by providing more timely and accurate information to investors，to ensure that were main an attractive investment destination．Second，we need to accelerate the development of a sound financial sector，including a more efficient local capital market．//Third，we should accelerate the modernization of our labor market institutions．These institutions should enable companies to foster more flexibility and adaptability，thereby creating more and better jobs not only for the skilled people but also for the general public．And last but not least，there is a need to strengthen the social net to ensure that the most vulnerable population in our society is protected during periods of economic turbulence．These people need more attention．四、Part BDirections：In this part of the test，you will hear 2 passages in Chinese．After you have heard each passage，interpret it into English．Start interpreting at the signal…and stop it at the signal…you may take notes while you’re listening．Remember you will hear the passages only once．Now，let us beg。