营销关键词英语词汇
商店广告英语作文词汇表
1.Promotion促销2.Discount折扣3.Sale销售4.Offer优惠5.Special特别6.Limited time限时7.Exclusive独家8.Clearance清仓9.Grand opening盛大开业10.Seasonal季节性11.Buy one get one free BOGO买一送一12.Loyalty program忠诚度计划13.Gift voucher礼品券14.Coupon优惠券15.Flash sale限时抢购16.Bundle deal捆绑销售17.New arrival新货到店18.Top seller畅销商品19.Customer appreciation顾客感谢20.Referral bonus推荐奖金21.Free shipping免费送货22.Stock up存货充足23.Hot deal热门交易24.Early bird special早鸟特惠25.End of season季末26.Bargain便宜货27.Wholesale批发28.Retail零售29.Display展示30.Instore店内31.Online在线32.Ecommerce电子商务33.Catalog目录34.Brochure小册子35.Flyer传单36.Banner横幅37.Popup shop快闪店38.Popup ad弹出广告39.Product placement产品植入40.Crosssell交叉销售41.Upsell升级销售42.Affiliate marketing联盟营销43.Influencer partnership影响者合作44.Social media campaign社交媒体活动45.Brand ambassador品牌大使46.Testimonial推荐信47.Satisfaction guarantee满意保证48.Return policy退货政策49.Warranty保修50.Customer service客户服务。
100个最流行的营销词汇
4C营销理论（The Marketing Theory of 4Cs）4R营销理论（The Marketing Theory of 4Rs）4P营销理论（The Marketing Theory of 4Ps）感性营销（Sensibility Marketing）利基营销（Niche Marketing）交叉营销（Cross Marketing）知识营销（Knowledge Marketing）文化营销（Cultural Marketing）服务营销 (Services Marketing)体验营销 (Experience Marketing)定制营销 (Customization Marketing)色彩营销（Color Marketing）绿色营销 (Green Marketing)关系营销 (Relationship Marketing)合作营销 (The Co Marketing Solution)伙伴营销 (Partnership Marketing)一对一营销 (One-to-One Marketing)差异化营销 (Difference Marketing)大市场营销（Big Marketing）个性化营销 (Personalization Marketing)堡垒式营销（Formalization Marketing）数据库营销（Data base Marketing）服务分销策略（Services Distribution Strategy）服务促销策略（Services Sales Promotion Strategy）整合营销传播（Integrated Marketing Communications, IMC)水坝式经营（Dam Operation）战略营销联盟 (Strategic Marketing Union)网络数据库营销（Internet Data base Marketing）“整时营销”与“晚盈利”（Profit by Timing Marketing and Lag Profit Marketing)管理篇目标管理（Management by Objectives, MBO），现在这个缩写也常用于代称“管理层收购”（Management Buy Out）标杆瞄准（Benchmarking)开明管理（Open Management）宽容管理（Allowance Management）危机管理（Crisis Management）标杆管理（Benchmarking Management）人格管理（Character Management）品牌管理（Brand Management）变革管理（Change Management）沟通管理（Communication Management）走动管理（Management by Walking Around，MBWA）价值管理（Value Management）钩稽管理（Innovation and Practice Management）能本管理 (Capacity Core Management)绩效管理（Managing For Performance）赋权管理（Delegation Management）灵捷管理（Celerity Management）物流管理 (Logistics Management/Physical Distribution ) (Physical Distribution为传统意义上的物流)知识管理（Knowledge Management）时间管理（Time-Management）互动管理（Interactive Management）T型管理 (T Management)预算管理（Budget Management）末日管理（End Management）柔性管理 (Soft Management)例外管理（Exception Management）K型管理 (K Management)EVA管理 (Economic Value Added, EVA)5S管理法（5S ：Seiri、Seiten、Seigo、Seiketsu、Shitsuke）零缺陷管理（Zero Defects）一分钟管理（One Minute Management）供应链管理（Supply Chain Management, SCM）客户关系管理（Customer Relationship Management，CRM）产品数据管理 (Product Data Management, PDM)过程质量管理法（Process of Quality Management）管理驾驶舱（Cockpit of Management）OEC管理法 (Over All Every Control and Clear)数字化管理 (Digital Management)海豚式管理 (Management as Porpoise)丰田式管理（Toyota- Management）跨文化管理（Span-Culture Management）蚂蚁式管理（Style of Ant Management）购销比价管理（Purchase by Grade Management）企业内容管理（Enterprise Content Management）企业健康管理（Health of Enterprise Management）薪酬外包管理（Salary Episodic Management）戴明的质量管理 (William Edwards Dem’s Quality Management)六西格玛管理法 (Six Sigma)倒金字塔管理（Handstand Pyramidal Management）变形虫式管理 (Amoeba Management)</P< p>定律篇木桶定律（Cannikin Law）墨菲定律 (Moffe’s Law)羊群效应（Sheep-Flock Effect）帕金森定律（Parkinson’s Law）华盛顿合作定律 (Washington Company Law)手表定律（Watch Law）蘑菇定律（Mushroom Law）鲇鱼效应（Weever Effect）飞轮效应（Flywheel Effect）光环效应（Halo Effect）马太效应（Matthew Effect）蝴蝶效应（Butterfly Effect）多米诺效应（Domicile Effect）皮格马利翁效应（Pygmalion Effect）彼德原理 (The Peter Principle)破窗理论（Break Pane Law）路径依赖（Path Dependence）奥卡姆剃刀（Occam’s Razor）博弈论 (Game Theory)定位法则（Orientation Law）80/20原理（80/20 Law）X理论-Y理论（Theory X- Theory Y）超Y理论（Exceed theory Y）综合篇7S模型（Principle of 7S）ABC分析法（ABC-Analysis）SWOT分析 (SWOT Analysis)波士顿矩阵法（Boston Matrix Analysis）新7S原则 (Principle of New 7S)PDCA循环（PDCA Cyc）平衡记分卡 (Balanced Score Card)品管圈（Quality Control Circle，QCC）零库存（In-Time Inventory）顾客份额（Constituency Share）业务流程重组 (Business Process Reengineer)动态薪酬（Dynamic Salary）管理审计（Managed Audit）管理层收购（Management Buy-out）逆向供应链 (Reverse Supply Chain)宽带薪酬设计（Broad Band Salary Design）员工持股计划（Employee Stock Ownership Plan，ESOP）人力资源外包（Epiboly HR）360度绩效反馈 (360-Degree Performance Feedback)人力资源价值链（Human Resource Value Chain柯氏模式（Kirkpatrick Model）归因模型(Attribution Model)期望模型（Expectancy Model）五力模型(The Five-force Model)安东尼模型（Anthony Model）CS经营战略（Customer Satisfaction）532绩效考核模型（532 Performance Appraisal Model）101℃理论（101℃Theory）双因素激励理论（Dual Stimulant Theory）注意力经济（The Economy of Attention）灵捷竞争（Adroitly Compete）德尔菲法（Delphi Technique）执行力(Execution)领导力(Leadership)学习力（Learning Capacity）企业教练（Corporate Coach）首席知识官（Chief Knowledge Officer）第五级领导者（Fifth Rank Leader）智力资本（Intellect Capital）智能资本(Intellectual Capital)高情商团队（High EQ Team）学习型组织（Learning Organization）知识型企业（Knowledge Enterprise）高智商企业（Knowledge-Intensive Enterprise）灵捷组织（Adroitly Organization）虚拟企业（Virtual Enterprise，VE）</P< p>。
新媒体营销常用英语
新媒体营销常用英语《新媒体营销常用英语》新媒体营销在当今数字化时代已经成为了企业推广品牌和产品的重要手段。
在新媒体营销过程中，常用的英语术语也是不可或缺的。
以下是一些在新媒体营销中常用的英语术语：1. Social media marketing（社交媒体营销）- 通过社交媒体平台推广品牌和产品，吸引目标受众。
2. Influencer marketing（影响力营销）- 合作与社交媒体上具有影响力的人物或机构，通过他们的号召力来推广产品和服务。
3. Content marketing（内容营销）- 通过创造吸引人的、具有共鸣的内容来吸引潜在客户，并提高品牌知名度。
4. SEO (Search Engine Optimization)（搜索引擎优化）- 通过优化网站内容和结构，提高在搜索引擎中的排名，提高网站流量和曝光度。
5. SEM (Search Engine Marketing)（搜索引擎营销）- 通过购买关键词广告位，提高网站在搜索引擎上的曝光度。
6. Email marketing（电子邮件营销）- 通过发送定制化的电子邮件，向潜在客户和现有客户进行推广。
7. CPC (Cost Per Click)（每次点击成本）- 在在线广告中，广告主为每次点击广告支付的费用。
8. CTR (Click Through Rate)（点击率）- 广告或链接被点击的比率，通常用来衡量广告效果的好坏。
以上就是在新媒体营销中常用的一些英语术语。
新媒体营销的英语术语众多，掌握这些术语对于从事新媒体营销工作的人来说至关重要。
希望这些术语能够对你在新媒体营销中的工作有所帮助。
营销行业英语词汇
营销行业英语词汇营销行业常用英语词汇导语：营销的本质是抓住用户消费者的需求并快速把需求商品化。
下面是店铺收集整理的有关营销的英语词汇，欢迎参考!营销行业英语词汇1brand awareness 品牌意识/认知brand extensions 品牌扩展brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度brand mark 品牌标志brand name 品牌名称brand positioning 品牌定位brand recognition 品牌识别brand strategies 品牌战略brand 品牌branding strategy 品牌化战略branding 品牌化brand's equity 品牌的价值break-even analysis 盈亏平衡分析break-even volume 盈亏平衡产量breath of product assortment 产品线的宽度breath or diversity of product lines 产品线的宽度或多样性bribery 贿赂budgeting 预算bundle 捆绑busines strength rating 商业能力评分business plan 商业计划business position 经营地位business sector 商业部门business services markets 商业服务市场business strategies 经营战略business unit strategy 经营单位战略buyback allowances 回购折让buyback arrangements 产品返销buyers' bargaining power 买方的讨价还价能力buyers 采购者buying behavior 购买行为buying center 采购中心buying inertia 购买惯性buying intention 购买意图buying offices 连锁商店的进货中心buying power indes (BPI) 购买力指数buying situation 采购情况/类型buying task 采购任务cable TV 有线电视Cadillac 凯迪拉克Campbell's Soup 金宝汤业公司capital gains 资本收益capital invested in product 产品投入资本Carnival 嘉年华cash cows 现金牛类cash discounts 现金折扣catalogue sales 目录销售categorization of perception 感知分类categorization 分门别类Caterpillar Tractor 卡特皮勒公司Cathay Airlines 国泰航空公司CBS Records 唱片公司CBS 哥伦比亚广播公司centralization 集中化chameleons/followers 变色龙/跟随者channel alternatives 可选择的营销渠道channel conflicts 渠道冲突channel decisions 渠道决策channel functions 渠道功能channel institutions 渠道组织结构channel management 渠道管理channel objectives 渠道目标channel of distribution 分销渠道channel power 渠道权力channel-control strategies 渠道控制战略channel-design decisions 渠道设计决策channel-management decisions 渠道管理决策co-branding 联合品牌code of ethics (职业)道德标准coercive power 强制权cognitive dissonance 认识的不协调Colgate-Palmolive 高露洁collection of data 数据收集collection 收款co-marketing alliances 联合营销联盟combination compensation plan 结合式薪酬方案Comdex 计算机展销会commercialization 商业化commitment 承诺communication channels 传播渠道communication process 传播过程communication 信息交流/沟通comparative advertisements 比较广告comparison of brands 品牌比较compensation deals 补偿处理compensation plan 酬金方案compensation/rewards 酬金/奖励compensatory 补偿性的competition and industry evolution 竞争和行业演变competition-orientated pricing 竞争导向定价法competitive advantage 竞争优势competitive (supply-side) evolution 竞争(供方)演变competitive factors 竞争因素competitive intelligence 竞争情报/信息competitive parity promotion budgeting 竞争均势促销预算法competitive strategy 竞争战略competitive strength 竞争优势/能力competitor analysis 竞争者分析complaint handling 投诉处理component materials and parts markets 组成材料和零部件市场computerized ordering 计算机化的订购conclusive research 确定性研究conditions of demand 需求情况conflict and resolution strategies 冲突和解决战略conformance to specifications 与规格一致conformance 一致性confrontation strategy 对抗战略conjoint measurement 联合测度法conjunctive model 联合模型consumer decision-making 消费者(购买)决策consumer goods channels 消费品分销渠道consumer markets 消费品市场consumer needs 消费者需求consumer packaged-goods firms 消费者包装食品公司consumer promotion 消费者促销consumer tests 消费者测试consumer/household market 消费者/家庭市场consumers' perceptions 消费者感知consumption 消费contests 竞赛contingency planning 权变计划contract construction 契约建筑业contract manufacturing 契约制造业contraction/strategic withdrawal strategy 收缩/战略性撤退战略contractual entry modes 契约式进入模式contractual vertical marketing systems 合约式垂直营销系统contribution margin analysis 边际贡献(贡献毛利)分析contributrion margin 边际贡献control strategies 控制战略convenience food stores 便利食品商店convenience goods 便利品convenience 服务的便利性Cool Whip 清凉维普co-operative advertising 合作性广告co-ordination and conflict resolution 协调与冲突解决co-production 合作生产core benefit proposition (CBP) 核心利益方案/提议corollary-data method 推定数据法corporate HQ 公司总部corporate scope 公司(经营)范围corporate strategy 公司战略corporate vertical marketing systems 公司式垂直营销系统corporate/institutional advertising 团体/社会公共机构广告corrective action 矫正行动cost analysis 成本分析cost effectiveness 成本有效性cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略cost of capital 资本成本cost of goods sold (COGS) 产品销售成本cost reductions 降低成本产品cost-and-volume relationship 成本-数量关系cost-oriented pricing 成本导向定价法cost-plus/mark-up pricing 成本加成/溢价定价法costs and benefits of marketing functions 营销职能的成本和效益costs of competitors 竞争者成本costs of distribution 分销成本countertrade 对等贸易coupons 优惠券courtesy 礼貌coverage of geographic market 地域性市场的'范围coverage of relevant retailers 相关零售商的销售范围credibility 信誉credit terms 信贷条款critical assumptions 关键假设cross-elasticity 交叉弹性customary pricing 习惯性定价法customer analysis 顾客分析customer contact 顾客接触customer demand 顾客需求customer intimacy 顾客亲密度customer loyalty 顾客忠诚度customer need 顾客需要customer organization of sales force 按客户组织销售队伍customer retention 顾客维系/保留customer satisfaction 顾客满意度customer segment pricing 顾客细分市场定价customer service 顾客服务customer-oriented pricing 顾客导向定价法customers' perception 顾客感知customers' preferences 顾客偏好customers' price sensitivity 顾客的价格敏感度customizing 定制data collection 数据收集data confidentiality 数据保密data research 数据研究data sources 数据来源dealers 经销商deceptive advertisements 欺骗性广告deciders 决策者declining markets 衰退市场decoding 解码defect rate 缺陷率defender strategy 防御型战略defensive new-product development strategy 防御性新产品开发战略defensive positioning 防御性定位delivery time 交付时间delivery 配送Dell Computers 戴尔计算机公司Delta Airlines 三角洲航空公司demand characteristics 需求特征demand curve 需求曲线demand-oriented pricing 需求导向定价法demographic environment 人口统计环境department stores 百货商店dependability 可靠性deregulation 放松管制derived demand 衍生需求descriptive research 描述性研究design decisions 设计决策desired percentage mark-up on retail 预期零售利润率desired percentage return 预期回报率determinant attributes 关键属性determinants 决定因素different responses 差别反应differentiated defender strategy 差异化防御战略differentiated marketing 差异化营销differentiation over time 不同时间的差异differentiation strategy 差异化战略differentiation 差异化diffusion of innovation theory 创新扩散理论dimension 因素dimensions of quality 质量维度direct costing profitability analysis 直接成本盈利性分析direct mail 直接邮寄direct marketing via advertising media 通过广告媒体的直接营销direct marketing 直接营销direct product profitability (DPP) 直接产品盈利性/利润率direct selling 直销discount rate 贴现率discount stores 折扣商店discount 折扣discount/premium price policies 折扣/溢价策略discriminant analysis 差异分析法discriminatory adjustments 歧视价格调整discriminatory pricing adjustments 歧视定价调整disjunctive model 分离模型display space 陈列空间disposable income 可支配收入dissonance-attribution hierarchy 不和谐-归属层次结构distribution channel designs 分销渠道设计distribution channel objectives 分销渠道的目标distribution channel 分销渠道distribution decisions 分销决策distribution policies 分销策略distribution 分销distributor/store (private lables) brands 分销商/私有品牌distributors 分销商diversification 多元化divest 撤退divest 出让divestment or liquidation 收回投资或清算domestic target marketing strategies 国内目标市场定位的营销战略dropping products 放弃产品dry cleaning 干洗dual/two channel distribution systems 双重分销系统duplication (媒体)重复DuPont 杜邦公司durability 耐用性early vs late adoption 早期采购与后期采购earnings per share 每股收益economic and technological factors 经济技术因素economic power 经济权economies of scale 规模经济education services 教育服务effectiveness 有效性efficiency 效率Electrolux 伊莱克斯emergency goods 急需品Emerson Electric 爱默生电气emotional appeals 情感诉求empathy 移情作用empirical evidence 经验性实例empowerment 授权encoding 编码end use 最终使用endorsement 赞同entrepreneurial strategy 企业家战略entry strategies 进入战略environment and packaging disposal 环境与包装处理environment factors 环境因素environmental scanning 环境扫描/分析environmental strategy 环境战略establishment 机构ethical audit (公司)伦理审计ethics of marketing 营销伦理道德ethnic composition 种族构成European Community 欧共体evaluation and reward systems 评估与奖励体系evaluation and selection of supplier 评估和选择供应商evaluation of alternatives 评估替代品/各种选择evaluation of brands 品牌评估event sponsorship 事件赞助event 活动everyday low-price (EDLP) 天天低价evoked set 引发的组合evolution of market 市场演变exchange 交换exclusive dealing 独家销售exclusive distribution 独家分销executive summary 执行摘要exhibition media 展示广告媒体existing market 现有市场exit barriers 退出壁垒expansion path 扩张途径expectation measures (顾客)预期测度expectations of customers 顾客期望expected unit sales 预计产量expected value 期望价值experience curve 经验曲线experimental research 实验性研究expert power 专长权exploratory research 探索性研究export agents 出口代理(商)export jobbers 出口批发商export management company 出口管理公司export merchants 出口贸易商export 出口exporting 出口商品extended use strategy 扩大使用战略extending volume growth 扩大市场份额external data sources 外部数据来源external environment 外部环境extrapolation of past sales trends 过去销售趋势推测法factor analysis 因素分析法fads 时尚family branding 家族品牌family life cycle 家庭生命周期family structure 家庭结构farm products 农产品fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) 快速变动的消费品fear appeals 恐惧/顾虑诉求features 特征Federal Department Stores 联邦百货商店Federal Trade Code (FTC) 联邦贸易法案FedEx (Federal Express) 联邦快递feedback data 反馈数据field test marketing 实地市场测试financing 融资fisheries 渔业fit and finish 结实度与外观fixed costs 固定成本fixed salary 固定工资flanker strategy 侧翼进攻战略flanker/fighting brand 战斗品牌flanking and encirclement strategies 侧翼进攻与围堵战略flat organizational structure 扁平的组织结构FOB origin pricing FOB产地定价法focus strategy 集中战略followers 追随者Ford 福特公司foreign middlemen 国外中间商forestry 林业formalization 形式/规范化formulate 制定forward integration 向前一体化franchise systems 特许系统franchising 特许经营free call numbers 免费电话号码free goods 免费商品freight-absorption pricing 免收运费定价法fringe benefits 小额津贴frontal attack strategy 正面进攻战略full costing profitability analysis 全成本盈利性分析full-service wholesalers 全方位服务的批发商functional competencies and resource allocation 职能能力与资源分配functional efficiency 职能效率functional organization of sales force 按销售职能组织销售队伍functional organizational structure 职能型组织结构functional performance 功能性能functional strategy 职能战略营销行业英语词汇2Marketing Management 市场营销管理Research Methods in Marketing 市场研究方法Marketing Channel Strategies 市场渠道策略Consumer Insight Tools 消费者观察工具Business Marketing 商业市场营销Advertising Strategy 广告策略Models of Consumer Behavior 消费者行为模型Services Marketing and Management 市场服务与管理Sales Promotion and Retailer Behavior 销售推广和零售行为Sales Force Management 销售人员管理The Management of Product Development (1/2 unit course) 产品开发管理Introduction of New Products and Services 新产品与服务介绍Marketing Strategy 市场策略Technology Marketing 技术市场营销Independent Study 独立学习Internet Marketing 网络营销Advanced Topics in Marketing 市场营销前沿主题Sports Marketing 体育市场营销Strategic Data-Driven Marketing 战略性数据驱动市场营销Information & Technology Based Marketing 信息技术市场营销Biomedical Marketing (formerly BIOT-914) 生物医学市场营销International Marketing 国际市场营销Media and Integrated Marketing 媒体与整合营销Analytical Marketing and Customer 分析市场与消费者Relationship Management 关系管理。
市场营销专业英语单词完整
Marketing Management营销管理New Products Development新产品开发Service Industry Marketing服务业营销Advertising广告Business Negotiation商业谈判International Marketing国际市场营销Sales Channels销售渠道Public Relationship公共关系Consumer Behavior消费者行为Systems of Management Information管理信息系统Marketing Research营销调研accessibility 可进入性accessory equipment markets 附属设备市场account management policies 客户管理策略positioning定位additions to existing product lines 现有产品线的增加administered vertical marketing systems 管理式垂直营销系统market segmentation市场细分sales promotion销售促进advertising feedback 广告反馈advertising frequency 广告频率advertising media 广告媒体advertising reach 广告接受人数advertising message 广告信息advertising source 广告信息来源agent middleman 代理商allowance 折让alteration 退换American Marketing Association 美国营销协会annual marketing plan 年度营销计划assurance 保证attitudes of consumers 消费者态度availability 可获得性/供货能力awareness (产品)知晓度/知名度baby boomers 婴儿潮出生的一代人backward channels for recycling 回收的后向渠道backward integration 后向垂直一体化banner advertisements 横幅标语广告bar codes 条形码barter 实物交易basic physical needs 基本生理需要BCG Grow-Share Matrix 波士顿增长—份额矩阵before tests 事前测试Behavior Scan Information Resources Inc. 行为扫描信息源公司behavioral analysis 行为分析behavioral hierarchies 行为层级benchmarking 基准benefit clusters 利益群体benefits 利益Benz 奔驰billing 帐单birth rate 出生率blanket purchase order 一揽子采购合同blind-paired comparison testing 双盲比较测试blue collars 蓝领bottom line 底线/盈亏一览结算线brand awareness 品牌意识/认知brand extensions 品牌扩展brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度brand mark 品牌标志brand name 品牌名称brand positioning 品牌定位brand recognition 品牌识别brand strategies 品牌战略brand 品牌branding strategy 品牌化战略branding 品牌化brand’s equity 品牌的价值break—even analysis 盈亏平衡分析break-even volume 盈亏平衡产量breath of product assortment 产品线的宽度breath or diversity of product lines 产品线的宽度或多样性bribery 贿赂British Airways 英国航空公司brokers 经纪人budgeting 预算bundle 捆绑Bureau of Census 人口统计局business strength rating 商业能力评分business plan 商业计划business position 经营地位business sector 商业部门business services markets 商业服务市场business strategies 经营战略business unit strategy 经营单位战略buyback allowances 回购折让buyback arrangements 产品返销buyers’ bargaining power 买方的讨价还价能力buyers 采购者buying behavior 购买行为buying center 采购中心buying inertia 购买惯性buying intention 购买意图buying offices 连锁商店的进货中心buying power index (BPI）购买力指数buying situation 采购情况/类型buying task 采购任务capital gains 资本收益capital invested in product 产品投入资本Carnival 嘉年华cash cows 现金牛类cash discounts 现金折扣catalogue sales 目录销售categorization of perception 感知分类categorization 分门别类centralization 集中化chameleons/followers 变色龙/跟随者channel alternatives 可选择的营销渠道channel conflicts 渠道冲突channel decisions 渠道决策channel functions 渠道功能channel institutions 渠道组织结构channel management 渠道管理channel objectives 渠道目标channel of distribution 分销渠道channel power 渠道权力channel—control strategies 渠道控制战略channel—design decisions 渠道设计决策channel-management decisions 渠道管理决策channels of communication 传播渠道choice criteria 选择标准closing a sale 结束销售clothing retailers 服装零售商co-branding 联合品牌code of ethics （职业)道德标准coercive power 强制权cognitive dissonance 认识的不协调collection of data 数据收集collection 收款co-marketing alliances 联合营销联盟combination compensation plan 结合式薪酬方案commitment 承诺communication channels 传播渠道communication process 传播过程communication 信息交流/沟通communications media 传播媒体company personnel 公司员工comparative advertisements 比较广告comparison of brands 品牌比较compensation deals 补偿处理compensation plan 酬金方案compensation/rewards 酬金/奖励compensatory 补偿性的competition and industry evolution 竞争和行业演变competition-orientated pricing 竞争导向定价法competitive advantage 竞争优势competitive （supply—side) evolution 竞争（供方）演变competitive factors 竞争因素competitive intelligence 竞争情报/信息competitive parity promotion budgeting 竞争均势促销预算法competitive strategy 竞争战略competitive strength 竞争优势/能力competitor analysis 竞争者分析complaint handling 投诉处理component materials and parts markets 组成材料和零部件市场computerized ordering 计算机化的订购conclusive research 确定性研究conditions of demand 需求情况conflict and resolution strategies 冲突和解决战略conformance to specifications 与规格一致conformance 一致性confrontation strategy 对抗战略conjoint measurement 联合测度法conjunctive model 联合模型consumer decision—making 消费者(购买)决策consumer goods channels 消费品分销渠道Consumer Goods Pricing Act, USA 美国消费品定价法案consumer goods 消费品consumer markets 消费品市场consumer needs 消费者需求consumer packaged-goods firms 消费者包装食品公司consumer promotion 消费者促销consumer tests 消费者测试consumer/household market 消费者/家庭市场consumers' perceptions 消费者感知consumption 消费contests 竞赛contingency planning 权变计划contract construction 契约建筑业contract manufacturing 契约制造业contraction/strategic withdrawal strategy 收缩/战略性撤退战略contractual entry modes 契约式进入模式contractual vertical marketing systems 合约式垂直营销系统contribution margin analysis 边际贡献（贡献毛利）分析contribution margin 边际贡献control strategies 控制战略convenience food stores 便利食品商店convenience goods 便利品convenience 服务的便利性Cool Whip 清凉维普co-operative advertising 合作性广告co—ordination and conflict resolution 协调与冲突解决co-production 合作生产core benefit proposition (CBP) 核心利益方案/提议corollary-data method 推定数据法corporate HQ 公司总部corporate scope 公司（经营)范围corporate strategy 公司战略corporate vertical marketing systems 公司式垂直营销系统corporate/institutional advertising 团体/社会公共机构广告corrective action 矫正行动cost analysis 成本分析cost effectiveness 成本有效性cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略cost of capital 资本成本cost of goods sold （COGS）产品销售成本cost reductions 降低成本产品cost-and-volume relationship 成本—数量关系cost—oriented pricing 成本导向定价法cost—plus/mark—up pricing 成本加成/溢价定价法costs and benefits of marketing functions 营销职能的成本和效益costs of competitors 竞争者成本costs of distribution 分销成本countertrade 对等贸易coupons 优惠券courtesy 礼貌coverage of geographic market 地域性市场的范围coverage of relevant retailers 相关零售商的销售范围credibility 信誉credit terms 信贷条款critical assumptions 关键假设cross—elasticity 交叉弹性customary pricing 习惯性定价法customer analysis 顾客分析customer contact 顾客接触customer demand 顾客需求customer intimacy 顾客亲密度customer loyalty 顾客忠诚度customer need 顾客需要customer organization of sales force 按客户组织销售队伍customer retention 顾客维系/保留customer satisfaction 顾客满意度customer segment pricing 顾客细分市场定价customer service 顾客服务customer—oriented pricing 顾客导向定价法customers' perception 顾客感知customers’ preferences 顾客偏好customers’ price sensitivity 顾客的价格敏感度customizing 定制data collection 数据收集data confidentiality 数据保密data research 数据研究data sources 数据来源dealers 经销商deceptive advertisements 欺骗性广告deciders 决策者declining markets 衰退市场decoding 解码defect rate 缺陷率defender strategy 防御型战略defensive new—product development strategy 防御性新产品开发战略defensive positioning 防御性定位delivery time 交付时间delivery 配送demand characteristics 需求特征demand curve 需求曲线demand-oriented pricing 需求导向定价法demographic environment 人口统计环境department stores 百货商店dependability 可靠性deregulation 放松管制derived demand 衍生需求descriptive research 描述性研究design decisions 设计决策desired percentage mark-up on retail 预期零售利润率desired percentage return 预期回报率determinant attributes 关键属性determinants 决定因素different responses 差别反应differentiated defender strategy 差异化防御战略differentiated marketing 差异化营销differentiation over time 不同时间的差异differentiation strategy 差异化战略differentiation 差异化diffusion of innovation theory 创新扩散理论dimension 因素dimensions of quality 质量维度direct costing profitability analysis 直接成本盈利性分析direct mail 直接邮寄direct marketing via advertising media 通过广告媒体的直接营销direct marketing 直接营销direct product profitability (DPP）直接产品盈利性/利润率direct selling 直销discount rate 贴现率discount stores 折扣商店discount 折扣discount/premium price policies 折扣/溢价策略discriminate analysis 差异分析法discriminatory adjustments 歧视价格调整discriminatory pricing adjustments 歧视定价调整disjunctive model 分离模型display space 陈列空间disposable income 可支配收入dissonance-attribution hierarchy 不和谐-归属层次结构distribution channel designs 分销渠道设计distribution channel objectives 分销渠道的目标distribution channel 分销渠道distribution decisions 分销决策distribution policies 分销策略distribution 分销distributor/store (private labels）brands 分销商/私有品牌distributors 分销商diversification 多元化divest 撤退divest 出让divestment or liquidation 收回投资或清算dividend 红利dogs 瘦狗类domestic target marketing strategies 国内目标市场定位的营销战略dropping products 放弃产品dry cleaning 干洗dual/two channel distribution systems 双重分销系统duplication (媒体)重复DuPont 杜邦公司durability 耐用性early VS late adoption 早期采购与后期采购earnings per share 每股收益economic and technological factors 经济技术因素economic power 经济权economies of scale 规模经济education services 教育服务effectiveness 有效性efficiency 效率emergency goods 急需品emotional appeals 情感诉求empathy 移情作用empirical evidence 经验性实例empowerment 授权encoding 编码end use 最终使用endorsement 赞同engineering （产品）工程设计entrepreneurial strategy 企业家战略entry strategies 进入战略environment and packaging disposal 环境与包装处理environment factors 环境因素environmental scanning 环境扫描/分析environmental strategy 环境战略establishment 机构ethical audit (公司）伦理审计ethics of marketing 营销伦理道德ethnic composition 种族构成European Community 欧共体evaluation and reward systems 评估与奖励体系evaluation and selection of supplier 评估和选择供应商evaluation of alternatives 评估替代品/各种选择evaluation of brands 品牌评估event sponsorship 事件赞助event 活动everyday low-price （EDLP）天天低价evoked set 引发的组合evolution of market 市场演变exchange 交换exclusive dealing 独家销售exclusive distribution 独家分销executive summary 执行摘要exhibition media 展示广告媒体existing market 现有市场exit barriers 退出壁垒expansion path 扩张途径expectation measures （顾客）预期测度expectations of customers 顾客期望expected unit sales 预计产量expected value 期望价值experience curve 经验曲线experimental research 实验性研究expert power 专长权exploratory research 探索性研究export agents 出口代理(商）export jobbers 出口批发商export management company 出口管理公司export merchants 出口贸易商export 出口exporting 出口商品extended use strategy 扩大使用战略extending volume growth 扩大市场份额external data sources 外部数据来源external environment 外部环境extrapolation of past sales trends 过去销售趋势推测法facilitating agencies 辅助/中介机构factor analysis 因素分析法fads 时尚family branding 家族品牌family life cycle 家庭生命周期family structure 家庭结构arm products 农产品fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) 快速变动的消费品fear appeals 恐惧/顾虑诉求features 特征Federal Department Stores 联邦百货商店Federal Trade Code (FTC）联邦贸易法案FedEx (Federal Express) 联邦快递feedback data 反馈数据field test marketing 实地市场测试financing 融资fisheries 渔业fit and finish 结实度与外观fixed costs 固定成本fixed salary 固定工资flanker strategy 侧翼进攻战略flanker/fighting brand 战斗品牌flanking and encirclement strategies 侧翼进攻与围堵战略flat organizational structure 扁平的组织结构FOB origin pricing FOB产地定价法focus strategy 集中战略followers 追随者Ford 福特公司foreign middlemen 国外中间商forestry 林业formalization 形式/规范化formulate 制定fortress/position—defence strategy 防御堡垒战略Fortune 《财富》杂志forward integration 向前一体化franchise systems 特许系统franchising 特许经营free call numbers 免费电话号码free goods 免费商品freight-absorption pricing 免收运费定价法fringe benefits 小额津贴frontal attack strategy 正面进攻战略full costing profitability analysis 全成本盈利性分析full-service wholesalers 全方位服务的批发商functional competencies and resource allocation 职能能力与资源分配functional efficiency 职能效率functional organization of sales force 按销售职能组织销售队伍functional organizational structure 职能型组织结构functional performance 功能性能functional strategy 职能战略games 比赛gap 差距gatekeepers 信息传递者general behavioral descriptors 一般行为变量General Electric (GE）通用电气General Foods Corporation 通用食品general merchandise discount chains 大众商a品折扣连锁店General Motors 通用汽车geodemographics 区域人口统计特征geographic adjustments 地理调整geographic distribution 地理分布geographical organization of sales force 按地区组织销售队伍global adjustments 全球调整global elite consumer segment 全球精英消费品市场global expansion 全球扩张global marketing control 全球营销控制global markets 全球市场global niche strategy 全球机会战略global standardization strategy 全球标准化战略global teenage segment 全球青少年市场globalization 全球化global—market expansion 全球市场扩张goals 总目标going—rate/competitive parity pricing竞争性平价定价法goods producers 产品制造商Goodyear 固特异轮胎government agencies 政府机构government buyers 政府采购者government market 政府市场government regulation 政府管制greenhouse effect 温室效应grey market 灰色市场gross domestic product （GDP）国内生产总值gross margin 毛利gross national product (GNP）国民生产总值gross profit 毛利gross rating points (GRPs）总级别指数group/category product manager 类别产品经理growing markets 成长市场growth rate of market 市场增长率growth stage of product life cycle 产品生命周期的成长阶段growth—extension strategies 增长扩张战略growth-market strategies for market leaders 市场领导者的市场增长战略growth—market strategy 成长性市场战略growth-market targeting strategy 成长性市场定位战略guarantee/warranty 保证/担保guarantees 保证hard technology 硬技术Harvard Business Review 《哈佛商业评论》harvest 收获harvesting pricing 收获定价法harvesting strategy 收获战略health care 医疗保健health maintenance organizations （HMOs）（美国）卫生保健组织heavy buyer 大客户Heileman Brewing CompanyHeinz 亨氏食品helpfulness 有益性Hertz 赫兹（美国汽车租赁巨头) Hewlett-Packard 惠普公司hierarchy of strategy 战略的层次high margin/low-turnover retailers 高利润/低周转率的零售商high market share global strategy 高市场份额全球战略high—contact service system 高接触服务系统high—involvement product 高参与产品high-involvement purchase 高参与购买hight market share 高市场份额战略Holiday Inns 假日旅馆homogeneous market 同质市场household/family life cycle 家庭生命周期household 家庭hybrid technology 混合技术idea generation 创意的产生/生成ideas for new products 新产品创意/构想idea-screening process 创意筛选过程identification of segments 识别细分市场Illinois Tool Works 伊利诺斯工具厂image pricing 形象定价imitative positioning 模仿定位imitative strategy 模仿战略impact evaluation 影响评估impersonal sources 非个人的信息来源implementation and control of marketing programs 营销计划的执行和控制implementation 实施improvements in or revisions of existing products 现有产品的改良或修正impulse buying 冲动购买impulse goods 冲动购买品incentives 激励income 收入increased penetration strategy 增加渗透战略indirect costing profitability analysis 间接成本盈利性分析individual brand 个别品牌individual value 个人价值industrial goods & services 工业产品和服务industrial goods channels 工业品分销渠道industry attractiveness 行业吸引力industry attractiveness-business position matrix 行业吸引力-业务地位矩阵I ndustry dynamics 产业动态industry evaluation 产业评估industry evolution 产业演变inelastic 缺乏价格弹性influencers 影响者infocommunications industry 信息通信行业infomercials 商业信息广告information age 信息时代information search 信息搜集information technology 信息技术informative 告知性的ingredient 成份in—home personal interview 个人家庭访谈in—house use tests 内部使用测试innovation 创新innovativeness 创新性installation 设施in-store display 店内展示in—store positioning 店内布局in-store promotion 店内促销intangibles 无形integrated marketing communication plan （IMC) 整合营销传播计划integration of perception 感知整合integration 整合Jaquar 美洲豹Jell—O 吉露jobbers 批发商Johnson ＆Johnson 强生joint ventures 合资jury of executive opinion 行政管理人员群体意见法 just noticeable difference (JND) 恰巧注意到的差异just-in—time (JIT）management system 准时制管理体系just—in-time purchasing arrangements 及时采购安排Kao 花王Keiritsu 凯莱通Kellogg 凯洛格公司Kentucky Fried Chicken （KFC）肯德基key account management 主要客户管理key accounts 关键客户key benefits 核心利益key environmental issue identification 确定主要的环境问题key variables 关键变量key/house accounts 关键/机构客户Kmart 凯玛特Kodak 柯达Komatsu 小松公司Kraft 卡芙laboratory tests 实验室测试leapfrog strategy 蛙跳战略learning hierarchy 学习层级结构legal services 法律服务legislation 立法legitimate power 法定权level of compensation 酬金水平level of technical sophistication 技术的复杂程度Levi Strauss 李维·史特劳斯Levi’s 列维斯（全球最大的牛仔服制造商）lexicographic model 词典编纂模型lifestyle 生活方式limited—service wholesalers 有限服务的批发商line extension 产品线扩展line filling 产品线填充line stretching 产品线延伸list price 订价Lloyd’s of London 伦敦劳埃德保险公司localizaiton strategy 本地化战略location pricing 场所定价location 位置lodging 房屋出租logistical alliances 后勤联盟long—term memory 长期记忆lost customer 失去的顾客Louis Vuitton 路易·威登(法国著名时尚品牌）low-contact service system 低接触服务系统low—cost defender 低成本防御型low-cost position 低成本地位low-involvement hierarchy 低参与程度层级结构Lucent Technologies 朗讯科技macro risks 宏观风险macroenvironment 宏观环境macrosegmentation 宏观细分mail-order retailers 邮购零售商maintaining market share 保持市场份额maintenance strategy 保持战略management overhead 管理费mandatory adaptation 强制性适应manufacturer brand 制造商/全国性品牌manufacturers' agents/representatives 生产商的代理商/销售代表manufacturers’export agents (MEA）制造商出口代理manufacturers' sales offices/branches 生产商的销售办事处/分支机构manufacturing process 制造过程manufacturing 制造业market aggregation strategy 整体市场战略market attractiveness factors 市场吸引力因素market attractiveness 市场吸引力market attractiveness/business position matrix市场吸引力/业务地位矩阵market circumstances 市场环境market demorgraphics 市场人口分布/统计特征market dimension 市场量度market entry strategies 市场进入战略market exclusion 市场排斥market expansionstrategy 市场扩张战略market factors 市场因素market followers 市场跟随者market growth rate 市场增长率market hirarchy 市场等级market inclusion 市场纳入market leaders 市场领导者market measurement 市场测量market opportunity analysis 市场机会分析market oriented 以市场为导向的market position factors 市场地位因素market positioning analysis 市场定位分析market potential measurements 市场潜力测度market research 市场研究market segment 细分市场market segmentation 市场细分market share 市场份额market targeting 目标市场选择market 市场marketability 市场开拓能力market—entry strategies 市场进入战略marketing action plan 营销行动计划marketing audit 营销审计marketing channel 营销渠道marketing codes of conduct 营销行为规范marketing communication 营销沟通/传播marketing concept 营销观念marketing control 营销控制marketing decision support systems （MDSS）营销决策支持系统marketing environment audit 营销环境审计marketing flows and functions 营销过程和职能marketing function area audit 营销功能领域的审计marketing implications of 对营销的影响marketing information system 营销信息系统marketing institutions 营销机构marketing management 营销管理marketing message 营销信息marketing mix 营销组合marketing policy 营销策略marketing productivity area audit 营销生产力领域的审计marketing program components 营销计划内容marketing program 营销计划/方案marketing relationship 营销关系marketing research 营销研究marketing strategy 营销战略market-management organizational structure 市场管理组织结构mark-up price 产品/溢价价格Marlboro 万宝路Marriott Hotel 万豪酒店mass-market penetration strategy 大规模市场渗透战略mass-market strategy 大市场战略matrix organizational structure 矩阵组织结构Matsu*＊＊*a 日本松下电子mature conformists 成熟的随大流者mature markets 成熟市场mature stage of product life cycle 产品生命周期的成熟阶段McDonald’s 麦当劳McDonnell Douglas 麦道公司MCI电讯公司（前世界通信公司）MDSS （Marketing—Decision Support System) 市场决策支持系统measurability 可测度性measure or index 测量指标measurement criteria 计量标准media audiences 媒体受众medical and health services 医疗卫生服务Medico Containment Servicesmemory of consumers 消费者记忆Mercedes-Benz 梅赛德斯-奔驰Mercer Management Consulting 美国美智管理顾问公司merchandising 推销merchant middlemen 国内贸易中间商merchant wholesalers 商业批发商message structure 信息结构Michael Porter 迈克尔—波特micro risks 微观风险microsegmentatioin 微观细分Miller Tyding ACT, USA 米勒·泰丁法案minging 矿业Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company （3M)明尼苏达矿业和制造公司Minolta 美能达miscellaneous sources 多方面来源mission 宗旨missionary selling 推销式销售Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 三菱重工modified rebuy 调整再购monosegment positioning 单一细分市场定位Monsanto 孟山都农业生物技术公司moral appeals 伦理/道德诉求morals 道德Motorola 摩托罗拉multichannel distribution 多渠道分销multidimensional scaling 多维等级法multilevel selling 多级销售multinational coporations (MNCs）跨国公司multiple test markets 多测试市场multiple—brand strategy 多品牌战略multiple—factor index 多因素指数法multisegment positioning 多重细分市场定位mutual trust 相互信任Nabisco Biscuit 纳贝斯克饼干公司national account management 全国性客户管理national market 国内市场National Semiconductor 美国国家半导体公司natural products 天然产品NEC 日本电子net sales 净销售额network computer （NC) 网络计算机new business selling 新业务销售new buy 购入新产品new entrants 新进入者new markets 新市场new materials 新材料New Prod screening model 新普罗德筛选模型new product lines 新产品线new products 新产品new-product development 新产品开发new-product ideas 新产品创意Newsweek 《新闻周刊》new-task buying 全新采购new-to—the-world products 世界性新产品niche penetration strategy 壁龛/机会市场渗透战略niche-market strategy 壁龛市场战略Nike 耐克Nissan 尼桑no—brand brand name 无品牌的品牌名称no—frills product 无虚饰产品noise in communication system 传播系统中的噪音non—financial rewards 非物质性奖励措施non-probability sampling 非概率抽样non-profit organization 非盈利组织non—store retailing 无店铺零售业number of stockouts 迟滞数目object-and-task method of promotion budgeting 目标—任务促销预算法objectives and strategy area audit 目标与战略领域的审计objectives 具体目标observation 观察法occupancy costs 房屋占用成本occupation/position 职业/职位odd pricing 奇/余数定价法OEM (original equipment manufacturer）原始设备制造商oeverall quality 总体质量off-invoice discounts 发票之外的折扣offsets 抵消交易Omega 欧米加on-air testing 广播测试OPEC （Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)欧佩克（石油输出国组织）opening relationships 建立关系operating supplies 生产供应品operational excellence运作管理水平opinion leaders 意见领导者opportunity cost 机会成本order cycle time 订货周期order processing 订单处理organisational level 组织层次organizaitonal requirement planning 组织需求计划organization area audit组织领域的审计organization buying center 组织采购中心organizational customer 组织顾客organizational direct selling 组织直销organizational markets组织市场organizational purchasing 组织采购organzational structure 组织结构outdoor enthusiasts 户外运动爱好者out—of—home media户外广告媒体overall cost leadership全面成本领先overheads 日常开支overseas direct investment 海外直接投资ownership of new product 新产品所有权parties involved 交换中的各方payment terms 支付条款pay—off control 支出控制penetration pricing 渗透定价Pepsi—Cola 百事可乐perceived customer value 顾客感知价值perceived quality 感知到的质量perceived value 感知到的价值percentage of sales promotion budgeting method销售额百分比促销预算法perceptions of consumers 消费者感知/理解perceptual (product）pisitioning 感知（产品）定位perceptual map 感知图perceptual organization 感知组织perceptual vigilance 感性的警惕performance dimension 业绩标准performance evaluation 业绩评估performance measures表现/业绩测度performance objective绩效目标performance standards 绩效标准performance 功能perishability 非持久性personal selling 人员推销personal sources 个人的信息来源personnel development 人力资源开发persuasive 说服性的pharmaceuticals industry 医药行业physical (product) positioning 物理（产品）定位physical descriptors 物理变量physical distribution 实物分销Pillsbury 皮尔斯博瑞pioneers 先入者Pizza Hut 必胜客place utility 地点效用planning and control system area audit 计划与控制系统领域的审计point of sale information 销售点信息portfolio models for resource allocation 资源配置的资产组合模式position intensity 地位集中程度positioning 定位possession utility 拥有效用post—purchase dissonance 购买后的不协调post—purchase evaluation 购买后评估post—purchase/after-sale service 售后服务potential advantages 潜在优势potential customer 潜在顾客potential market 潜在市场potential target market潜在目标市场power in distribution 分销权力power of buyers 购买者能力power of suppliers 供应商能力predatory pricing 掠夺性定价法pre-empting scarce resources 先占稀缺资源preferential treatment 特惠待遇premiums 额外奖励present competitors 现有的竞争者presenting sales message 提供销售信息price elasticity of demand 需求的价格弹性price fixing 价格设定price leaders 价格领导者price lining 价格排列定价法price promotion 价格促销price quotation 报价price sensitivity 价格敏感度price structure 价格结构price 价格price/earnings ration 价格/收益比price-off promotions 降价促销price-setting process 定价过程pricing adjustments 定价调整pricing policies 价格策略pricing 定价primary demand 基本需求primary sources 第一类/主要数据print media 印刷媒体private/for—profit organization 私营/盈利性组织PRIZM （Potential Rating Index for Zip Markets）按邮政区划为基础的潜力等级指数proactive new—product development strategy 进取型新产品开发战略probability sampling 概率抽样problem formulation 界定问题problem identificatioin 确定问题process management 过程管理Procter & Gamble （P&G）宝洁公司product line 产品线product availability 产品的可获得性product category 产品类别product class 产品类别product decisions 产品决策product design 产品设计product development 产品开发product dimension or attributes 产品维度/属性product evolution 产品演变product features 产品特征product intent share 产品倾向份额product leadership 产品领导能力product life cycle （PLC) 产品生命周期product life cycle curve 产品生命周期曲线product line 产品线product manager audit 产品经理审计product offering 供应品product organizaiton of salesforce 按产品组织销售队伍product policies 产品策略product positioning 产品定位product quality 产品质量product scope 产品范围product space 产品位置product specifications 产品规格product systems 产品体系product type 产品类型product usage 产品用途product（ion)-oriented organization 产品/生产导向型组织production 生产product—line pricing adjustments 产品线定价调整product—management organizational structure 产品管理组织结构product-market entry control 产品－市场进入控制product-related behavioral descriptors 与产品相关的行为变量product's market characteristics 产品的市场特征product-use testing 产品使用测试pro—environment 环保profit impact of market strategy (PIMS) 市场战略的利润影响profitability analysis 盈利性分析profitability 盈利性/盈利能力profitable survivor strategy 有利可图的生存者战略project—company resource compatibility 项目与公司资源的协调性projected profit—and-loss statement 预计损益表projective tests 投影测试Promotion decisions 促销决策promotion mix 促销组合promotion policies 促销策略promotion 促销promotional allowance 促销折让promotional effort 促销努力promotional pricing 促销定价promptness 及时性propector strategy 探索型战略prospecting for customers 寻找顾客psychographics 心理统计特征psychological cost 心理成本psychological pricing 心理定价法public organization 公共组织public relations 公共关系public utilities 公共设施publicity 公共宣传pull strategy for control of distribution channels分销渠道控制的拉式战略pupil dilation 瞳孔扩张purchase predisposition 购买倾向purchasing agent 采购代理purchasing contract 采购合同purchasing manager/agent 采购经理／代理purchasing power perity （PPP）购买力平价指数push money/spiffs 佣金push stragtegy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的推式战略qualifying prospects 审查潜在顾客资格quality dimensions 质量维度quality 质量quantity discount 数量折扣question marks 问题类questioning 询问法quotas 定额raw materials 原材料。
市场营销中英文名词大全
市场营销中英文名词大全堪称最全市场营销术语目录，sales and marketing同仁看过来[得意] 别再说SKU是Shelf Keeping Unit，明明是Stock Keeping Unit，纠错啦！转！[快消品从业人员必懂的英文销售术语]学习(KA、TG、MT、CR-TT、OTCR、SKU、DC、DSD、OEM、POP、4P、4C、SWOT、FAB、USP……究竟是什么意思？许多初入快速消费品、小家电行业销售领域的童鞋，碰到上述英文销售术语时，往往一头雾水，不知是啥意思。
本人现将最常见的150余条英文销售术语整理如下，以飨职场新人：DA（Distribution & Assortment）分销Location：位置Display：陈列Pricing：价格Inventory：库存Merchandising：助销Promotion：促销KA（Key Account）：重点客户GKA（Global Key Account）：全球性重点客户NKA（National Key Account）：全国性重点客户LKA（Local Key Account）：地方性重点客户RKA（Retail Key Account ）：零售重点客户SM（ShoppingMall）：大型购物消费中心简称销品茂HYM（Hypermarket）：巨型超级市场，简称大卖场SPM（Supermarket）：超级市场，简称超市S-SPM（Small-Supermarket）：小型超市M-SPM（Middle-Supermarket）：中型超市L-SPM（Large-Supermarket）：大型超市C&C（Cash & Carry）：仓储式会员店CVS（Convenience Store）：便利店GS（Gas Station）：加油站便利店DS（Discount Store）：折扣店MT（Modern Trade ）：现代渠道TT（Tradiditional Trade）：传统渠道OT（Organized Trade）：现代特殊渠道OP（On Premise ）：餐饮渠道HBR（Hotel,Bar,Restaurant）：旅馆、酒吧、餐馆等封闭性通路WHS（Wholesaler）：批发商2nd tier Ws：二级批发商DT（Distributor）：经销商，分销商2ndDT：二级分销商DIST（Distributor System）：专营分销商MW（Managed Wholesalers）：管制批发商PW（Passive Wholesalers）：传统批发商DSD（Direct Store Delivery）：店铺直接配送CSTD（Company Sells Third Party Delivers）：我销他送DC（Distribution Center）：配送中心TPL（Third Party Logistics）：第三方物流CRP（Contiuous Replenishment）：持续补货CAO（Computer Assisted Ordering）：计算机辅助订货PUR（Purchase）：进货OOS（Out of Stock）：缺货Inventory day：库存天数SKU（Stock Keeping Uint）：最小库存计量单位UPC：通用产品编码Bar Code：条形码Slim（Slim）：纤细,苗条(包装)TC：铁罐包装AC：铝罐包装TP（TETRA PAK）：利乐无菌包装(俗称纸包装)PET：宝特瓶(俗称胶瓶)POSM（Point of Sale Materials）：陈列品GE（Gondola End）：端架MIT（Marketing Inpact Team）：卖场整合性陈列；堆箱TG（Type Genus ）：堆头Island Display：堆头式陈列Floor Display：落地割箱陈列Pallet Display：卡板陈列Strip Display：挂条陈列Sidekick Display：侧挂陈列Checkout Display：收银台陈列Cooler Display：冰柜陈列Secondary Display：二次陈列Cross Display：交叉陈列PG（Promotion Girl）：促销员P-T（Part-timer）：临时工，特指临促POP（Point Of Purchase）：门店广告Price discount：特价On-Pack：绑赠Sampling：试吃Road Show：路演，大型户外促销活动DM（Direct Mail ）：商场快讯商品广告；邮报PR（Public Relation）：公共关系NP（News Paper）：报纸杂志AD（Advertisement）：广告GRP（Gross Rating Point）：毛评点;总收视点（媒介用语）Loyalty：忠诚度Penetration：渗透率Value Share：市场份额AVE（Average）：平均数WTD（Weighted）：加权NUM（Numeric）：数值PP（Previous Period）：上期YA（Year Ago）：去年同期VOL（Volume）：销售量VAL（Value）：销售额VAL-PP（Value PP）：上期销售额VAL-YA（Value YA）：去年同期销售额YTD（Year To Date ）：截至当期的本年累计MTD（Means Month to Date）：本月到今天为止SPPD（Sales Per Point of Distribution）：每点销售额BTL（Below The Line）：线下费用ATL（Above The Line）：线上费用ABC（Activity based costing）：成本动因核算法（又称：巴雷托分析法）U&A（Usage and Attitude）：消费态度和行为(市场调查)FGD（Focus Group Discuss）：座谈会(市调一种)Store Check：终端调查，铺市率调查CR：销售代表CR-OP：销售代表-餐饮渠道CR-OT：销售代表-现代特殊渠道CR-MT：销售代表-现代渠道CR-TT：销售代表-传统渠道OTCR：现代渠道销售代表WDR：批发拓展代表ADR：客户拓展代表DCR：分销商合约代表DSR：分销商销售代表KSR：大客户销售主任KAM：重点客户经理CDM：渠道拓展经理MDR：市场拓展代表MDE：市场拓展主任MDM：市场拓展经理TMM：通路行销市场经理TDS：区域拓展主任TDM：区域拓展经理LTDM：高级区域拓展经理UM：业务单位经理（大区经理）GM（General Manager）：总经理GMDR（General Manager Direct Reports ）：总经理直接下属VP（Vice President）：副总裁FVP（First Vice President）：第一副总裁AVP（Assistant Vice President）：副总裁助理CEO（Chief Executive Officer）：首席执行官COO（Chief Operations Officer）：首席运营官CFO（Chief Financial Officer）：首席财务官CIO（Chief Information Officer）：首席信息官Director：总监HRD（Human Resource Director）：人力资源总监OD（Operations Director）：运营总监MD（Marketing Director）：市场总监OM（Operations Manager）：运营经理PM （Product Manager）：产品经理BM（Brand Manager）：品牌经理4P（Product、Price、Place、Promotion）：4P营销理论(产品、价格、渠道、促销)4C（Customer、Cost、Convenience、Communication）：4C营销理论(顾客、成本、便利、沟通)4V（Variation、Versatility、Value、Vibration）：4V营销理论(差异化、功能化、附加价值、共鸣)SWOT（Strengths、Weaknesses、Opportunities、Threats）：SWOT分析法(优势、劣势、机遇、威胁)FABE（Feature、Advantage、Benefit、Evidence）：FABE法则(特性、优点、利益、证据)USP（Unique Selling Propostion）：独特销售主张3A（Avalible、Able、Adsire）：买得到、买得起、乐得买PDCA（Plan、Do、Check、Action）：PDCA循环管理(计划、执行、检查、行动) OEM（Original Equipment Manufacturer）：原始设备制造商,俗称“贴牌”ODM（Original Design Manufacturer）：原装设计制造商OBM（Own Brand Manufacturer）：自有品牌制造商IPO（Initial Public Offering）：首次公开募股LOGO：商标Slogan：广告语FMCG（Fast Moving Consumer Goods）：快速消费品DCG（Durable Consumer Goods）：耐用消费品。
营销和广告术语中英对照
营销和广告术语中英对照1. 目标市场 - Target market2. 品牌 - Brand3. 定位 - Positioning4. 价值主张 - Value proposition5. 市场细分 - Market segmentation6. 目标客户 - Target customer7. 市场调研 - Market research8. 竞争分析 - Competitive analysis9. 市场份额 - Market share10. 营销策略 - Marketing strategy11. 售价 - Selling price12. 产品生命周期 - Product life cycle13. 市场渗透 - Market penetration14. 品牌意识 - Brand awareness15. 客户满意度 - Customer satisfaction16. 客户忠诚度 - Customer loyalty17. 市场营销 - Marketing18. 广告宣传 - Advertising19. 销售促销 - Sales promotion20. 市场定价 - Pricing strategy21. 产品差异化 - Product differentiation22. 市场占有率 - Market share23. 市场推广 - Market promotion24. 线下营销 - Offline marketing25. 线上营销 - Online marketing26. 品牌形象 - Brand image27. 市场份额 - Market share28. 社交媒体营销 - Social media marketing29. 品牌认知 - Brand recognition30. 市场竞争 - Market competition营销和广告领域中的术语对于企业来说至关重要，它们能够帮助企业更好地理解和规划市场策略，提高品牌知名度，推动销售增长。
营销广告常用英文词汇
营销广告常用英文词汇COMMON ENGLISH WORDS IN MARKETING ADVERTISING畅销全球selling well all over the world典雅大方elegant and graceful定型耐久durable modeling方便顾客making things convenient for customers方便群众making things convenient for the people; to suit the people's convenience方便商品convenience goods方便生活bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; providing amenities for the people; making life easier for the population各式俱全wide selection; large assortment顾客第一Customers first顾客是我们的皇帝We take customers as our Gods.规格齐全a complete range of specifications; complete in specifications花样繁多a wide selection of colours and designs货色齐全goods of every description are available.客商第一，信誉第一clients first, reputation first款式多样a great variety of models款式活泼端庄vivid and great in style款式齐全various styles款式新颖attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) design; up-to-date styling款式新颖众多diversified latest designs美观大方elegant appearance美观耐用attractive and durable品质优良，疗效显著，誉满全球，欢迎选购excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome.品种多样numerous in variety品种繁多great varieties品种齐全complete range of articles; a great variety of goods让我们的商品走向世界Let our commodities go to the world.色彩鲜艳bright in colour色泽光润bright luster色泽艳丽beautiful in colour深受顾客欢迎We have won praise from customers; to win warm praise from customers.深受国内外客户的信赖和称誉to win a high admiration and is widely trusted at home and abroad.深受消费者的欢迎和好评to be highly praised and appreciated by the consuming public式样美观aesthetic appearance; attractive fashion式样新颖大方modern and elegant in fashion式样雅致elegant in style式样众多in many styles适合男女老幼四季穿着suitable for men and women of all ages in all seasons外型大方elegant shape享有声誉to win a high admiration新品迭出new varieties are introduced one after another行销世界to be distributed all over the world以工艺精细、针法灵巧多样、图案典雅大方而闻名中外to be renowned both at home and abroad for exquisite workmanship, skillful knitting and elegant design以用料讲究、图案新颖、色泽秀丽、工艺精湛而著称famous for selected materials, novel designs, delightful colors and exquisite workmanship以质优原料，尺寸齐全，品种花样繁多而著称famous for high quality raw materials, full range of specifications and sizes, and great variety of designs and colours誉满中外to enjoy high reputation at home and abroad在国际市场上享有盛誉to enjoy high reputation in the international market造型美观attractive appearance; handsome apprearance质量第一，用户至上quality first, consumers first种类繁多wide varieties安心益气to make one feel at ease and energetic包君健康keep you fit all the time保健治病promoting health and curing diseases保暖防风warm and windproof补肝益肾，调和气血，益髓添精，强健筋骨，乌须黑发，驻颜养血an enricher and nutrient for the liver and kidney, for improving blood circulation, beneficial to essential medulla, strengthening sinews and bones, preventing hairs from greying and helpful to retain complexion补气，健脾，益精滋肾，祛风活血，强筋壮骨good for energy and the spleen, beneficial to the sperm, nourishing the kidneys relieving rheumatism, activating blood circulation and strengthening sinews and bones补血和气，壮腰强筋norishing blood and adjusting spirit, strenthening waist and sinews除湿散寒，祛风定痛relieving rheumatism, chills and pains穿着舒适轻便comfortable and easy to wear促进体质to invigorate health effectively涤烦疗渴to clear out annoyance and quench thirst冬暖夏凉cool in summer and warm in winter芳香开窍，理气止痛removing obstruction, smoothing circulation and stopping pains.防病治病，延年益寿to prevent and cure diseases, and to have a long life.富有浓厚诗情两画意rich in poetic and pictorial splendor瑰丽多彩pretty and colourful花色入时fashionable patterns华丽臻美beautiful and charming戒烟making people refrain from smoking经久耐用durable in use; durable service久享盛名with a long standing reputation居家旅行，工矿必备之良药an indispensable sovereign remedy for home, travelling, factories and mines.老少良伴good companions for children as well as adults历史悠久to have a long historical standing男女老少皆宜sutable for men, women, and children其功若神as effectively as a fairy does.轻身延寿to reduce body weight and prolong life.清火明目，怡神醒脑，帮助消化to produce an effect toward clear vision, refreshment, and digestion helping清洁口腔cleaning the oral cavity.清热润喉，止咳化痰，益气消哑good for antipyretic and throat soother, curing cough and facilitating expectoration and relieving hoarseness清晰突出clear and distinctive祛风散寒，活血止痛relieving rheumatism and cold, invigorating blood circulation and stopping pains染制精良meticulous dyeing processes柔软轻盈soft and light色彩夺目，迥然不俗colours are striking, yet not vulgar色彩奇异大方in pain, fancy colours色彩协调matching in colour色泽鲜艳可爱lovely luster设计华丽luxuriant in design手感舒适comfortable feel提神，生津refreshing and enriching the saliva条纹清晰clear-cut texture消热止渴relieving heat and thirst.消暑解热，明目怡神relieving heat and sunstroke, refreshing and beneficial to the eyes颜色调和harmonious colours益气强壮，延缓衰老bracing up the whole system and strengthening it, delaying senility益气养阴，生津增液，补肺健脾supplement the vital energy and nourish yin, promote theproduction of body fluid and saliva雍容华丽rich and magnificent永不褪色fast colour优点出众outstanding features质地考究superior (in) quality质地优良fine quality助消化，除油腻to help digest greasy food按质论价fixing prices according to quality of products包装多样diversified in packaging包装牢固strong packing包装美观牢固elegant and sturdy package包装新颖美观fashionable and attractive packages保温性强extremely efficient in preserving heat; good heat preservation保险性强high safety保质保量quality and quantity assured备用详细目录，惠索即寄catalogues will be sent upon request备有各种款式的现货，任君挑选available in various designs and specifications for your selection 备有塑料盒，便于安全保存 a plastic case is compartmentalized for safe storage.表面光泽lustrous surface薄利多销volume large, profit small不可退货without return不惜工本spare no cost at any cost;at all costs; at any cost采用先进技术和工艺to adopt advanced technology采用最新设备和工艺with the most up-to-date equipment and techniques操作简便easy and simple to handle产品按质分等grade products according to quality常饮绿茶，增进健康regular tea drinking improves your health敞开供应sufficent supply; products are sold without limitations; commodities are available without restriction传送灵活to ensure smooth transmission传统绣工精湛exquisite traditional embroidery art大贱卖sale price; crazy price; terrific value; special buy定牌包装packing of nominated brand独特的民族风味to have a unique national style多年使用，不出故障to assure years of trouble-free service.防水、防震、防磁waterproof, shock-resistant and antimagnetic防缩shrink-proof防皱crease-resistance富有弹性high resilience工艺精良sophisticated technologies供不应求in short supply; demand exceeding supply光洁度高highly polished回味隽永pleasant in after-taste货源充足ample supply and prompt delivery技术先进modern techniques技艺精湛exquisite craftsmanship; fine craftsmanship价格公道reasonable price; street price; moderate price价格适中moderrat cost价谦物美high quality and inexpensive; less expensive, high quality goods; high quality and low overhead节日送礼之佳品ideal gift for all occasions洁白纯正pure whiteness洁白如玉jade white洁白透明pure white and translucent结构坚固sturdy construction; firm in structure经久耐用structural durabilities精打细算be shrewd in money matters; careful calculation and strict budgeting居同类产品之魁首to rank first among similar products具有传统风味特色distinctive for its traditional properties具有中国风味possessing Chinese flavours抗冲击强度高excellent in cushion effect抗热耐磨strong resistance to heat and hard wearign科学精制by scientific process口味鲜美delicious in taste快干drip-dry买一送一buy one give one; buy one get one free免烫non-ironing能多次翻新can be repeatedly remoulded.您想购买中国土特产品吗？Do you want to buy some Chinese native produce?烹制简便convenient to cook品质优良excellent (in) quality清仓大拍卖clearance price清货大减价big clearance sale清香爽口pleasant to the palate请君常购中国绿茶always buy Chinese green teas.韧硬兼顾to have both the quality of tenacity and hardness入口和醇mild and mellow软硬适中neither too hard nor too soft散热迅速rapid heat dissipation色泽光洁，柔软防滑lustrous, soft and antislippery色泽清澈limpid in sight设计合理professional design设计新颖modern design生意兴隆driving a roaring trade使用方便easy to use使用极便utmost in convenience使用寿命长久long perfomance life岁末大减价year-end bargain sale甜而不腻agreeable sweetness外观色泽透明bright and traslucent in appearance外型永葆如新to ensur a like-new appearance indefinely 维修简易easy to repair味道纯正good taste味鲜可口agreeable to taste物价稳定price remains stable夏季特别大减价special summer sale香浓可口aromatic character and agreeable taste香气馥郁fragrant aroma香气高雅elegant in smell香味纯和pure and mild flavour香味浓郁aromatic flavour; fragrant (in) flavour性能可靠dependable performance性能可靠reliable perormance性能无与伦比unequal in performanc性能优越superior performance选材精良superior materials选料讲究high quality materials选料考究choice materials沿用传统的生产方式with traditional methods易于润滑easy to lubricate用料精选carefully selected materials用料上乘selected material优质西瓜，消暑解渴top watermelons, quell summer thirst 制作精巧skilful manufacture制作精巧perfect in workmanship质量高，卫生严high standard in quality and hygiene众所喜爱品尝之佳品delicacies loved by all走时准确punctual timing最新工工艺latest technology做工讲究exquisite (in) workmanship做工精细fine workmanship。
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营销关键词市场（Market）市场功能（Market Function）市场营销（Marketing）市场分析（Market Analyze）生产（Production）微观营销（Mirco-marketing）宏观营销（Marco-marketing）经济体制（Economic system）计划经济体制（Planned economics system）市场导向经济体制（Market-directed economics system）营销的一般功能（Universal functions of marketing）购买功能（Buying function）推销功能（Selling function）运输功能（Transporting function）营销的信息功能（Marketing information system）营销伦理（Marketing ethics）体验营销（Experiential Marketing）营销哲学（Marketing philosophy）生产观念（Production concept）产品观念（Product concept）推销观念(Selling concept)营销观念（Marketing concept）社会营销（Social Marketing concept）顾客让渡价值（Customer demisability value）顾客价值（Customer value）市场营销环境（Marketing environment）环境威胁（Environment threaten）市场机会（Marketing opportunity）微观市场营销环境（Micro marketing environment）宏观市场营销环境（Macro marketing environment）市场营销渠道企业（Marketing channel enterprise）竞争环境（Competitive environment）竞争者分析（Competitor analysis）竞争对手（Competitive rivals）竞争障碍（Competitive barriers）国家主义（Nationalism）消费者运动（Cunsumerism）文化和社会环境（Cultural and social environment）消费者市场(Consumer market)消费者需求(Consumer Demand)复杂的购买行为(Complex purchase action)消费者购买动机(Consumer purchase motivation)消费者购买动机(Consumer purchase modality)消费者购买程序(Consumer purchase procedure)生产者购买行为(Producer purchase action)生产资料(Production material)生产者市场需求(Producer market demand)生产资料购买决策(Production material purchase decision)企业和组织市场（Business and organization customer）采购经理（Purchasing managers）多种购买影响（Multiple buying influence）准点交货（Just-in-time delivery）营销调研（maketing research）第一/二手资料（primary/secondary data）定性研究（qualitative research）定量研究（quatitative research）小组访谈（focus group interview）消费者普查（consumer panels）随机抽样（random sampling）科学方法（scientific method）情景分析（situation analysis）研究建议书（research proposal）反馈率（response rate）实验法（experimental method）统计软件包（statistical packages）总体（population）样本（sample）置信区间（confidence intervals）有效性（validity）市场需求(Market demand)潜在市场(potential market)市场需求的多维性(Multidimensional market demand)市场份额(Market share)市场预测(Market forecast)预测模型(Forecast model)统计(statistics)德尔菲法(Delphi method)时间序列法(Time sequence method)回归分析(Regression analysis)信息技术(Information technology)市场预测信息系统（Market forecast information system）市场细分(Market segmentation)目标市场(Target Market)无差异营销战略（Undifferentiated marketing strategy）差异性营销战略(Differentiated marketing strategy)集中性营销战略(centrality marketing strategy)市场定位(Market positioning)竞争优势（Competitive advantage）差异化（Differentiation）S.W.O.T.分析法（S.W.O.T.analysis）市场渗透（Market penetration）市场发展（Market development）产品发展（Product development）多样化（Diversification）一般市场（General market）产品市场（Product-market）市场竞争（Market competition）竞争对手(Opponent)完全垄断（Pure Monopoly）寡头垄断(Oligopoly)垄断竞争(Monopolistic competition)完全竞争(Pure competition)市场领导者(Market Leader)市场挑战者(Market challenger)竞争模式(Competition mode)市场强度(Market intention)市场能力(Market ability)企业竞争策略(Enterprise competition strategy)产品(Product)产品整体概念产品组合(Product combination)产品线(Product line)产品项目(Product project)产品生命周期(Product life circle)市场成长（Market growth）市场成熟（Market maturity）流行（Fashion）时尚（Fad）产品责任（Product liability）产品经理（Product managers）成本导向定价(Cost oriented pricing)需求导向定价(Demand oriented pricing)竞争导向定价(Competition oriented pricing)折扣定价(Discount Pricing)地区定价(Area pricing)声望定价(Reputation pricing)差别定价（differentiated pricing）撇脂定价(Skimming pricing)渗透定价(Penetration pricing)目标利润率目标（Target return objective）利润最大化目标（Profit maximization objective）销售导向目标（Sales-oriented objective）单一价格策略（One-price pricing）弹性价格策略（Flexible-price policy）折扣（Discounts）补贴（Allowances）分销渠道(Distribution channel)分销模式(Distribution mode)批发商(Wholesaler)零售商(Distributor)销售区域(Distribution area)物流管理(Logistics management)实体分配(Physical distribution)垂直营销系统（Vertical marketing system）零售（Retailing）专卖店（Specialty shop）大众商品销售观念（Mass merchandising concepet）特许经营（Franchise operation）客户服务水平（Custmet service level）供应链（Supply chain）存货（Inventory）配送中心（Distribution center）销售队伍(Sales force)销售人员(Salesman)推销技巧(Salesmanship)包装策略(Packaging Strategy)包装设计(Package Design)直接营销(Direct marketing)促销(Promotion)推式策略(Push Strategy)拉式策略(Pull Strategy)人员推销（Personal selling）整合营销传播（Intergrated marketing communications）AIDA模型（Attention,interest,desire,action,model）团队销售（Team selling）销售区域（Sales territory）销售定额（Sales quota）销售介绍（Sales presentation）广告(Advertising)广告媒体(Advertising media)媒体组合(Media combination)广告设计(Advertisement Designing)效果测评(Effect evaluation)产品广告（Product advertising）企业形象广告（Institutional advertising）品牌(Brand)品牌名称(Brand name)品牌标志(Brand symbol)品牌要素(Brand elements)品牌作用(Brand effect)品牌资产(Brand value)品牌策略(Brand strategy)商标（Trademark）品牌熟悉度（Brand familiarity）品牌识别（Brand recognition）品牌偏好（Brand preference）品牌执著（Brand insistence）包装（Packaging）统一产品编码（Universal product code:UPC）公共关系(Public relationships)公众（Public）团体（Organization sodality）媒体（Media）调研活动（Investigation activity）专题活动（Special topic activity）赞助（sponsor）公益事业（Commonweal project）宣传部门（Publicity）新闻界关系（Press relations）游说（Canvassing）内部沟通（Inner communication）市场营销管理(Marketing management)市场营销计划(Marketing planning)市场营销预算(Marketing budget)市场营销组织(Marketing Organization)市场营销控制(Marketing control)市场营销审计(Marketing audit)全面质量管理（Total quality management-TQM）持续改进（Continuous improvement）直方图（Pareto chart）鱼刺图（Fishbone diagram）自主权（Empowerment）优胜基准（Benchmarking）销售分析（Sales analysis）绩效分析（Performance analysis）非营利组织营销(Nonprofit organization marketing)非营利组织市场(Nonprofit organization market)服务市场营销(Service marketing)服务质量(Service quality)服务利润链(Service profit chain)顾客保留(Retention)相关销售(Related sales)顾客满意度(Customer satisfaction)互联网(Internet)电子商务(E-commerce)电子数据交换(Electronic data exchange)网络营销(Cyber-marketing)文化市场营销(Culture marketing)整合营销(Integrated marketing)国际营销(International marketing)。