动物科学专业英语重点
动物科学英语词汇分享
动物科学英语词汇分享1 bursa of Fabricius, spleen, and thymus 法⽒囊，脾脏和胸腺2 immune tissue weight, immuno-phenotyping, phagocytosis, and cell proliferation 免疫组织重量，免疫表型，细胞吞噬功能和细胞增殖Phagocytic Activity of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes in Whole Blood外周⾎细胞的吞噬活性在全⾎中的⽩细胞3decrease phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation 降低吞噬功能和淋巴细胞增殖4 monocyte 单核细胞5 ad libitum ⾃由采⾷heparinized tubes 肝素管cell culture medium细胞培养基arachidonic acids oxygenation 花⽣四烯酸的氧化detrimental effects 不利影响Gas Chromatography ⽓相液谱chloroform 氯仿methanol甲醇遗传（heredity）与变异（variation）表型(phenotype)Mitogenic Responses of Lymphocytes淋巴细胞有丝分裂反应gosling 鹅Blood Smear ⾎液涂⽚intestinal morphology肠道形态学crypt depth 隐窝深度ileal and caecal microflora composition 回肠和盲肠微⽣物区系组成Clostridium and Coliforms bifidobacteria and lactobacilli 梭状芽孢杆菌和⼤肠菌双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌linoleic 亚油酸oligosaccharides like inulin and fructooligosaccharides 如菊粉和低聚果糖mucosal permeability 黏膜通透性Dicalcium phosphate 磷酸氢钙duodenal villus height ⼗⼆指肠绒⽑⾼度Antimicrobial peptides 抗菌肽第⼆天收集prokaryotes eukaryotes 原核⽣物到⾼等真核⽣物cystine 胱氨酸performic acid 甲酸carboxylic acids 羧酸anaerobic bacteria 厌氧菌antagonistic and synergistic effects 拮抗和协同效应的亚油酸、亚⿇油酸和花⽣四烯酸 Linoleic acid, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid肌内脂肪 Intramuscular fatfructose 果糖vertebrate 脊椎动物hypocholesterolemic⾎胆固醇过少的hypercholesterolemia[医]⾎胆脂醇过多steroid 类固醇 bile racid 胆汁酸⼄酸丙酸propionic acid 丁酸pluasma hcy 是同型半胱氨酸空肠Jejunum, 回肠ileum 直肠rectum盲肠cecum胆汁, bileegg mass 蛋总重上⽪细胞 epithelium淋巴细胞抗体抗原Lymphocyte antigen-antibody细胞免疫Cellular immunity体液免疫 humoral immunity糖蛋⽩Glycoproteins 细胞分化增殖 Cell differentiation andproliferation过敏 allergy 磷脂PhospholipidsSecretion of bile 胆汁分泌received beef cattle 架⼦⽜oleic acid 油酸flax亚⿇ ? 菜籽油 esterification酯化 ammonia氨elucidate 阐明说明selenium sodium钠 serumgastric ucler胃溃疡 duodenal ucledepression陈郁 anrexia厌⾷症lethargic昏睡 ocular眼 and nasal ⿐monosacchrides单糖 glucose葡萄糖arabinose阿拉伯糖glactose半乳糖mannose⽢露糖 ribose核糖 fructose果糖。
动物科学英语
动物科学英语Animal ScienceThe field of animal science is a multifaceted discipline that encompasses the study of various aspects of animal life, including their behavior, physiology, nutrition, genetics, and management. As a branch of agricultural and biological sciences, animal science plays a crucial role in ensuring the well-being and productivity of domestic and farm animals, as well as understanding the ecological and evolutionary principles that govern the lives of wild animals.One of the primary focuses of animal science is the study of animal behavior. Researchers in this field investigate the complex social interactions, communication patterns, and adaptive strategies of different animal species. This knowledge is not only essential for understanding the intricate dynamics of animal communities but also for developing effective strategies for animal husbandry and conservation. By gaining insights into the natural behaviors of animals, scientists can design housing, feeding, and breeding practices that cater to the specific needs of different species, promoting their overall health and well-being.Another crucial aspect of animal science is the study of animal physiology, which delves into the intricate inner workings of animal bodies. This encompasses the examination of various bodily systems, such as the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems, and how they function in response to different environmental and physiological conditions. Understanding animal physiology is crucial for the development of effective medical treatments, the prevention and treatment of diseases, and the optimization of animal productivity in agricultural settings.Nutrition is another fundamental component of animal science, as it directly impacts the health, growth, and productivity of animals. Researchers in this field investigate the nutritional requirements of different animal species, the composition and properties of various feedstuffs, and the ways in which diet can be tailored to meet the specific needs of individual animals or herds. This knowledge is essential for designing balanced and cost-effective feeding programs that support the optimal growth, reproduction, and overall well-being of animals.The study of animal genetics is another important aspect of animal science, as it allows for the selective breeding of animals to improve desirable traits, such as increased milk or meat production, disease resistance, and enhanced reproductive efficiency. Advances in genomic technologies have revolutionized the field of animalgenetics, enabling researchers to identify and manipulate the genetic factors underlying these important characteristics. By understanding the genetic basis of animal traits, scientists can develop more efficient and sustainable breeding programs that cater to the specific needs of various agricultural and conservation efforts.In addition to these core areas, animal science also encompasses the study of animal management, which involves the practical application of scientific principles to the care and handling of domestic and farm animals. This includes the design and implementation of housing systems, the development of health and welfare protocols, and the optimization of production practices. Effective animal management is essential for ensuring the well-being of animals, maximizing their productivity, and minimizing environmental impact.The field of animal science also plays a crucial role in the conservation of endangered species and the restoration of natural habitats. Researchers in this field work closely with wildlife biologists and conservationists to study the ecology, behavior, and population dynamics of wild animals, and to develop strategies for their protection and sustainable management. This knowledge is essential for developing effective conservation programs that balance the needs of both animals and human communities.Overall, animal science is a dynamic and multifaceted field that spans a wide range of disciplines, from the study of animal behavior and physiology to the optimization of animal production and the conservation of endangered species. Through the application of scientific principles and the development of innovative technologies, animal scientists are making significant contributions to the well-being of animals, the sustainability of agricultural practices, and the preservation of natural ecosystems. As the world faces increasing challenges related to food security, environmental sustainability, and biodiversity conservation, the role of animal science in addressing these issues continues to grow in importance.。
动物营养与饲料科学专业英语词汇
butyric acidcalculatecalfcalving datecarbohydratecarbon dioxidecastratecatalystcatecholaminecategorycellulosecerealchloridecholinechromiumchromium picolinate coenzymecompromisedconcentrate feed concentrationconceptionconfinementconjugatedconsumptioncontaminantcontaminate contaminationcontentiouscopulationcoronarycounteractcowpeacrematecrude proteincrustcrustaceancystinedairydairy cowdairy formdairy herd improvement (DHI) damdetergentdetritusdiabetes mellitusdigestibledigestive systemsdiluteDIM (days in milk)directiondisaccharidedissolvedistributor’s name and address in EUdisturbancediversificationdiversityDL-Methioninedomestic animals domesticationdominancedominatedominateddue datedurationDurocentericenterocyteepinephrine(o)estrusoestrus cycleestrous cycle manipulation estrus synchronization euthanasiaeutrophicationexcrementexcretaexcreteexcretionexcretoryextractF%F. Teat PlaceF/Pfacilitatefaecesfarrowfarrowing housefatty acidfeed deprivationfeed intake feedingstufffertilizerfibrousflavorflavouringfodderfoetalfoliageFolic acidforagefructanFunctional Group: fructosegalactoseglucagonglucoseglutamineglutathioneglyceringlycogenglycolytic enzyme goitrogen n gonadotropin gonadotryopin releasing hormonesgrazinghaemolytic anaemia heatheiferhemicellulose herbicideherbivoreherdhogHolstein bullHTACMHTW—hydrolysis hyperglycemia hypoglycemia husbandryideal protein Identification No identify incorporate increment indexindicate indicative individual ineradicable inevitably inextricably adv inferential infiltration inflammatory ingestion ingredient inorganicinsulin intramuscular intravenously Iodineislet cell juiciness lactating sow lactation lactation days lactation length lactation number lactic acid bacteri lactoselame lameness lamentlean leguminous likelihoodlimblinkage Linoleic Acid lipid lipogenesis litterlitter sizelittermatelivestocklive-weightloinloin-eye arealongissimus musclelow-protein dietsLTDFLTDMLTDPlucernemagnesiummanganesemanufacturemanufacture datemanuremarblingmaturationmaturitymetabolicmetabolismmethanemethionine metmyoglobinmicrobemicrobialmicroscopymineralmonogastric monosaccharide monotremata monounsaturated mortality rateneonatenet weightnitratenitrogennitrousnonruminant norepinephrine nourishmentnucleic acidsnutrientnutrient availability of dietnutritionalobjectiveoleic acidorganicorganic acid over-fatness 过肥over-supplyoxidationoxidativeoxymyoglobinP%palatablepalmpalmitic adjpancreaspantothenic acidpasteurizepastoralPEAKDPEAKMpelletingperoxidasephenomenaPhosphatephosphorusphysiologicphysiologypigletpolypeptide polyunsaturatedporkpork belly A-grade,bone in pork belly softbonepork belly, E-grade,bone in pork femur bone,without knee-pork front feet ,toes onpork front feet,toes offpork heads with earspork heartspork hindfeetpork kidneyspork liverpork loin rbs narrow outpork loin Rbs wide outpork mask rindlesspork mask with rindpork mask with soft bonepork Moonbonespork ribletspork shoulder as grown pregnancypregnant mares’serum (PMSG) pregnant sowpremiumPRESCCPREV.probioticprogestagenprogesteroneprolificacyprooxidantpropionic acidproximatepubertypyruvate kinaserancidityrationrearreplacement giltrumenruminantryegrassscarcityscouringseleniumselenocystine selenomethionineserotoninsilagesolventsomatostatinsow paritystarchstocksubcutaneous fat sugarcanesymbiosissynonymsynthesissynthesizesyrupthe gastrointestinal tract toxintrace elementtoxictoxintriacylglycerol trimethylamine oxide trophicvalencevegetationvilli architecturevitalityvitaminviviparouswater-binding capacity weanwean-oestrus interval welfarewelfare and well-being of sow whey permeateyeast。
动物科学专业词汇
Abductor：展肌Abenzyme：抗体酶Abiotic factors：非生物因子Absolute difference：绝对偏差Absorbed protein system：可吸收蛋白质体系Absorptance：吸光度Acetic：乙酸的Acetic acid：乙酸Acetic acid extraction：乙酸排泄Acidifier：酸化剂Acknowlegements：感谢Acquired immune deficiency syndrome：艾滋病，AIDS Actin：肌动蛋白Actinomycete：放线菌Action potential：动作电位Active immunity：主动免疫Activity：活性Ad libitum：随意的、随机的、任意的Addcuctor：收肌Additive：添加剂Adenine：腺嘌呤，AAdenosine triphosphate：三磷酸腺苷ATPAdipose tissue：脂肪组织Adipose tissue：脂肪组织Adjustment period：预试期Adrenal gland：肾上腺Adrenaline=epinephrine：肾上腺素Aerial mycelium：气生菌丝体Aerobic：需氧的Aestivation：夏眠Affinity：密切关系Aflatoxin：黄曲霉毒素Agglutination：凝集Agglutinogen：凝集原Aging Property Tester 老化性能测定仪Agonist response：收缩反应Air-dried：风干的Alanine：丙氨酸Albumin：白蛋白Alcohol：乙醇Aldose：醛糖Alfalfa：苜蓿Alfalfa 紫花苜蓿Algae 藻类Alkali 碱Alkaline 碱性的Alkali-treated 碱处理的Alkaloid 生物碱Age：年龄Allantoin 尿囊素Allantois 尿囊Alleles 等位基因Allergen 过敏原Allergy 过敏Allopolyploid 异源多倍染色体Allosteric effect 别构作用Aluminium 铝Ambience 环境——adj ambientAmerican Soybean Association ASA,美国大豆协会Amide 酰胺Amino Acid Analyzer 氨基酸组成分析仪Aminopeptidase 氨基肽酶Aminotransferase 转氨酶Ammonia 氨NH3Ammonium bromide 溴化铵Amnion 羊膜Amylase 淀粉酶Amylopectin 支链淀粉Amylose 直链淀粉Amino Acid：氨基酸Ammonia：氨Anabolism 合成代谢Anaemia n.贫血adj. anaemicAnaerobic 厌氧的Anaerobic respiration 无氧呼吸Analgesic 止痛的Analogous 同功的Analytical procedures 分析步骤Analyzer for Clinic Medicine Concentration 临床药物浓度仪Anaphase 后期Anatomy 解剖学Androgen 雄激素Anesthetize 麻痹Angelan 当归多糖Angiotensin 血管紧张素Animal protein sources：动物蛋白源Anion 阴离子Anisotropic A-带Annealing 退火Anorexia 厌食adj, anorexicAntagonism 拮抗Anterior 前部的Antinutritional factors：抗营养因子Anthelmintic：驱虫的、打虫药、驱虫剂Appetite：食欲Article 文章、著作、论文Artificial insemination：人工授精Ascorbic acid：维生素CAsh：灰、灰烬At first mating：第一次配种At first mating，Body weight，and Energy intake in lactation：首次配种时的母猪体重及泌乳期的能量摄入量；At first mating，change in pregnancy：第一次配种时的妊娠变化Backfat thickness：背膘厚度Biotin：生物素（维生素H）Birthweight：出生重Boar：公猪Boar contact：公猪接触Boar nutrition：公猪营养Body reserves：体储Body weight：体重Breed type：育种类型Calcium：钙Calcium：phosphorus ration：钙磷比Carcass 胴体Catecholamine：儿茶酚胺，邻苯二酚胺：具有拟交感神经作用的一类化合物中的一种Cereal grains and by-products：谷物和副产品Chlorid：氯化物Chlorine：氯Choline：VB复合物Chromium：铬Circulatory levels：循环水平Climatic：气候Climatic environment：气候环境Cobalt：钴Cocaine：古柯碱,可卡因Compare with：与……相比，常用被动ComplementComposition 组成、构成Composition of sows milk：母猪乳成分Conception rate：怀孕率Condition score：环境分值Conversion factors：换算因子/系数Copper：铜Corn-soybean meal：玉米－豆粕型日粮Content：内容, 容量, 目录, 满足（名）；满足的, 满意的, 愿意（形）；使满足（动）Control：对照，＋the：对照组Coordinate：（名）同等者, 同等物, 坐标(用复数)；（形）同等的, 并列的；（动）调整、调理Creatinine：肌酸酐Creatine：肌酸、肌肉素Crude fibre：粗纤维Data 数据Determine：决定、确定Diet 日粮Dietary 日粮中的、日粮含有的Dietary electrolyte balance(dE：日粮电解质平衡Dietary energy：日粮能量Dietary fibre and behaviour：日粮纤维和行为Dietary ingredients：日粮原料Dietary protein：日粮蛋白Dietary undetermined anion：日粮未确定的阴离子Difference：差异Effect 效果、作用Effect of climatic environment：气候影响Effect of pregnancy feed level：妊娠饲喂水平的影响Electrolyte balance：电解质平衡Elements：原理、基础Embryo survival：胚胎存活Embryo survival and energy intake of gilt：胚胎存活与青年母猪能量摄入量Empirical estimates：经验估计值Energy balance in lactation：泌乳期能量平衡Energy intake：能量摄入Energy requirement：能量需要量Energy requirement and responses：能量需要量和反应Energy intake in lactation：泌乳期能量摄入量Environmental effects：环境影响Essential fatty acid：必需脂肪酸Evaluate：评价、估计Example of typical diets and specifications：典型日粮和组成举例Exclusively：除外的, 排他的, 排外的、纯粹的Exercise：运动Expericial estimates (lactation)：经验估计值（泌乳）Expericial estimates (pregnancy)：经验估计值（妊娠）Extra effects of pregnancy：妊娠额外效应Factorial estimates：因子估计值Factorial technique：析因技术Factoriall estimates (lactation)：因子估测值（泌乳）Factoriall estimates (pregnancy)：因子估测值（妊娠）Fat：脂肪Fat and oils：脂肪和油类Fat supplementation：脂肪添加Fatty acid：脂肪酸Feed intake：采食量Feed strategies：饲料策略Feeding strategies：饲喂策略Feeding system：饲喂系统Focal point：焦点Folacin (folic acid)：叶酸Follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）：促卵泡激素Free fatty acid (FFA)：游离脂肪酸Free fatty acid：calcium interaction：游离脂肪酸：钙互作General purpose sow(pregnancy and lactation) diet：常用母猪日粮（妊娠和泌乳）Genotype：基因型Gilt developer(rearer) diet：青年母猪发育日粮Gilt nutrition：青年母猪营养Gilt nutrition and lifetime performance：青年母猪营养和终生生产性能Growth：生长Heat stress：热应激High-fat diet 高脂日粮Histidine requirement：组氨酸需要量Hormones：激素Hunt：（动/名）打猎, 猎取, 搜索, 搜寻, 猎获Hyperphagic：食欲过盛的,贪食的、摄食过度的Hyperprolific sow：高产母猪Ideal protein：理想蛋白Indicate：指出, 显示, 象征, 预示, 需要, 简要地说明（动）Instrument：仪表、仪器、工具、器械、手段Interneuron：中间神经元：指开始的传入(感觉)神经元和最终的运动神经元之间的神经元。
动物科学专业词汇
养猪术语boar（公猪）：指所有的雄性猪只，无论阉割与否。
gilt（后备母猪）：从出生到产出第一胎仔猪前的母猪。
sow（经产母猪）：一般指已经产生过仔猪的母猪。
piglet（乳猪）：特指尚没有断奶的小猪，国内称为仔猪的实际上包括未断奶的和已经断奶的，分别称为“哺乳仔猪”和“断奶仔猪”，用“仔培猪”这样的名称更是少见。
weaning（断奶）：将哺乳母猪和仔猪隔离开，并停止仔猪吮乳的过程。
weaner（断奶猪）：断奶后的猪只——一般是18-24日龄直到30公斤。
Pre-starter （断奶前仔猪）Starte（断奶仔猪）grower（生长猪）：指大于30公斤的猪只——也称为feeder pig。
finisher（育成猪）：指大于60公斤的猪只，故称为肥育猪或育肥猪是不恰当的。
farrowing（产仔）：母猪产小猪的过程-即分娩（parturition）。
lactating（泌乳）：母猪产生乳汁的过程。
gestating（怀孕期）：从断奶后配种到产仔的一段时间（即干乳期）。
litter（窝）：从同一头母猪一次产出的一群仔猪。
parity（胎次）：每个胎次就是指每一次分娩——如：第三胎是指母猪产的第三窝。
mummified piglet（木乃伊猪）：在怀孕期间死亡的胎儿以木乃伊的状态被产出。
有些文献上称“产木乃伊”是不正确的，应该是“产木乃伊胎”。
stillborn（死产）：产出死亡的胎儿。
fostering（寄养）：将仔猪在不同的母猪间饲喂以获得更多的乳汁。
colostrum（初乳）：分娩后最初几天产生的乳汁——含有较多抗体和其它因子。
processing（产后处理）：对仔猪进行的各种处理过程——去势、断尾、剪牙、剪耳缺和注射铁剂等。
pre-weaning mortality（断奶前死亡率）：仔猪在分娩舍内的死亡数目。
post-weaning mortality（断奶后死亡率）：断奶猪/生长猪到育成猪直到屠宰前死亡的数目。
动物科学专业英语部分专业名词复习资料
dominance 显性.（n）dominant .adj recessiveness 隐性.n chromosome染色体.n chromatin染色质epistasis 上位.（n）ep i static genes 上位基因allele等位基因domestic animals；livestoc k家畜qualitative traits 质量形状quantitative traits 数量形状hidden genes隐性基因testcross 测交variation变异reproduction techniques 繁殖技术ovulation 排卵Cross breeding杂交( interbreed ) avian鸟/禽类（.adj）aves （.n）genetic 遗传avian / poultry science禽类科学animal science 动物科学animalhusbandry畜牧业cranial / skull头盖骨cranium颅骨Arraycervical vertebra 颈椎pelvis骨盆urine尿feces 粪Plasma血浆the red blood cells红细胞（erythrocyteswhite blood cell白细胞四肢（前后肢体）pectoral appendage 胸肢（the pectoral limb 前肢the pelvic limb后肢）taxonomy分类学castrate（.v）阉割castrated（.adj）imprinting印记loin腰dorsal（.adj）背the hemoglobin molecules血红蛋白heart 心liver肝spleen脾stomach胃kidney肾lung肺large intestine大肠small intestine 小肠glucose葡萄糖vitamin 维生素starch 淀粉mineral substance矿物质（minerals）nutrition/nutrients营养respiratory system 呼吸系统digestive system 消化系统urinary systems泌尿系统reproductive system 生殖系统circulatory system循环系统atria（.pl）atrium（.n）心房ventricle 心室artery动脉vein静脉The trachea branch气管（trachea）bronchus支气管（.n）bronchi（.pl）the bronchioles branch细支气管herbivores 草食动物omnivores poultry杂食动物carnivores 肉食动物ruminate （.v）反刍ruminant（.n）Bolus食团ruminant animal反刍动物rumen 瘤胃uterus子宫ovaries（.pl）卵巢（ovary）capillary血管ovum卵子heritability遗传力Testis睾丸sperm精子fallopian tubes输卵管domesticate（.v）驯化domestic（.adj）domestication（.n）界门口纲目科属种（kingdom phyla classes orders families genera species）Parturition 分娩thyroid gland甲状腺adrenal glands 肾上腺Pituitary / hypophysis垂体hormone 激素Prolactin 催乳素growth hormone生长激素oxytocin催产素gametes 配子（.pl）zygote 合子（受精卵）Foodstuff饲料roughages粗饲料vertebrate脊椎动物species物种Mate / copulation交配behavior行为（reproductive behavior 生殖行为）Heat / estrus 发情cytoplasm细胞质Cell membrane 细胞膜cell nucleus 细胞核abdominal cavity 腹腔thoracic cavity胸腔bony骨骼axial skeleton中轴骨bony joint骨关节urethra尿道cortex皮质medulla髓质embryo胚胎fetus胎儿breed品种strains 品系beef cattle肉牛dairy cattle奶牛diaphragm 膈肌chromatid 染色单体haploid单倍体diploid二倍体meiosis减数分裂mitosis有丝分裂前中后末四个时期（prophase metaphase anaphase telophase）interphase间期Pancreas胰腺salivary glands唾液腺gall bladder胆囊estrus period 发情期target organ 靶器官amino acid氨基酸protein蛋白质ingestive / prehension采食（.n）ferment（.n，v）发酵fermentation （.n）fallopian tubes输卵管silage fodder青贮饲料full bloom盛花期cellulose 纤维素homoeothermic 恒温动物poultry 家禽enzymes酶（.pl）follicles毛囊distribution分布/分配hyaline cartilage透明软骨elastic cartilage弹性软骨skeletal system 骨骼系统digestive tract 消化道buffering agents 缓冲液clotting mechanism凝血hormone 激素urinary bladder膀胱female reproductive system 雌性生殖系统joint 关节litter-bearing 多产子的sheep goat羊castration 去势fertilization受精ruminants 反刍动物concentrated feeds 浓缩料fertile offspring 可育后代weaning time 断奶sliding joints 滑动关节eliminative排泄weaning time断奶sliding joints 滑动关节progeny后代inbreeding近交outbreeding 远交feed efficiency饲料利用率weaning weight断奶重milk production产奶量egg production 产蛋量postweaning growth rate断奶后增长速率capillary 毛细血管replacement gilts后备母猪hogs 肥育猪nephron肾单位alveoli 肺泡glottis声门epiglottis会咽nasal cavity鼻腔。
动物科学专业英语
动物科学专业英语English:The study of animal science involves the scientific understanding of the biology and behavior of domestic and wild animals. This field encompasses various aspects including genetics, nutrition, reproduction, animal health, and welfare. Animal scientists work to understand the physiological and anatomical makeup of different species, how they interact with their environment, and how to improve their overall well-being. Additionally, animal science also plays a crucial role in food production and farm management, ensuring the efficient and ethical care of livestock. With a focus on sustainability and ethical treatment, animal science professionals strive to develop innovative solutions to improve animal health and production while minimizing negative environmental impact.中文翻译:动物科学的研究涉及对家畜和野生动物生物学和行为的科学了解。
动物科学专业英文词汇汇总
Abomasum 真胃、皱胃Absorption 吸收Accurate devices精密仪器Acetate 乙酸盐Acetic acid 乙酸Alfalfa 苜蓿Alimentary tract 消化道Amino acid 氨基酸Ammonium salts 铵盐Animal herds 畜群Animal population 动物种群Animal species 动物种类Antibiotics 抗生素Apparent digestibility 表观消化率Apparent digestible energy 表观消化能Applied mathematical science of statistics 应用统计数学Appraising livestock 家畜评定Artificial insemination人工授精Bacteria 细菌Bacterial protein 菌体蛋白Beef breeds 肉用牛Breed 品种、育种、繁殖Breeder 育种者Breeding animal 种畜Breeding cycle 繁殖周期Breeding farm 育种场Breeding house 种畜舍Breeding performance繁殖性能Breeding stock 种畜Breeding system 育种系统Breeding 育种、配种Bull 公牛Butterfat 乳脂Butyrate 丁酸盐Butyric acid 丁酸B-vitamins B族维生素Caecum 盲肠（cecum）Capillaries 毛细血管Carbohydrates 糖类Carcass composition 胴体组成Carcass fat 胴体脂肪Carcass grade 胴体等级Carcass quality 胴体品质Carcass traits 胴体性状Carcass weight 胴体重Carcass yield 屠宰率Carcass 胴体Causative agent 病因Cellulose 纤维素Cholera 霍乱Commercial use 商业应用Complex carbohydrates 复杂糖Concentrates 精饲料Conception rate 受胎率Confinement buildings舍饲建筑Confinement feeding 密集圈养Confinement rearing 集约饲养Confinement 舍饲、集约饲养Confirmation 体型Contagious diseases 接触传染病Controlled studies 对照试验Crossbreeding 杂交Crude fiber 粗纤维Crude protein 粗蛋白Culling 淘汰Deficiency diseases 营养缺乏症Developing embryos 发育胚胎Diet 日粮Dietary proteins 日粮蛋白Digest\digestion 消化Digesta 消化物Digestibility 消化率Digestible nutrient可消化养分Digestive tract 消化道Disease-carrying organism 带病菌Disease-combating 抗病Disease-producing organism治病菌Diseases transmission疾病传播Diseases-causing agents致病物Domestic animal 家畜Domestic livestock 家畜Domestic sheep 绵羊Domestication 驯化Donor 捐赠者Drought 干旱Drugs 药物Dry matter 干物质Dry-matter intake干物质摄入Economic trait 经济性状Electrical conductivity导电性能Embryo transfer 胚胎移植Embryo 胚胎Embryonic development胚胎发育Environmental factor环境因子Enzymes 酶Esophagus 食管、食道Essential amino acid必需氨基酸Ether extract 乙醚浸出物Excrement 排泄物Farm animal 家畜Farrow 产仔Farrowing house 产仔舍Farrowing sow 待产母猪Fatten 育肥、催肥Fattening cattle 育肥牛Fattening feed 育肥饲料Fattening unit 育肥场Fattening 育肥、催肥Fecal energy 粪能Feed additives 饲料添加剂Feed consumption 饲料消耗量Feed conversion efficiency 饲料报酬Feed efficiency 利用率Feed evaluation 饲料评估Feed formula 饲料配方Feed formulation 饲料配合Feed industry 饲料工业Feed ingredients 饲料成分、饲料原料Feed processing 饲料加工Feed production 饲料加工Feed requirement 饲料需要量Feed utilization 饲料转化率Feed\feedstuff\foodstuff\feeding stuff 饲料Feeding floors 饲喂间地面Feedlot 育肥场Female reproductive cell 雌性生殖细胞Fermentable 可发酵的Fermentation end products 发酵终产物Fermentation product发酵产物Fermentation 发酵Fertilization\fertilize 受精Fertilized ova 受精卵Fiber 纤维Fluids 体液Foot-and-mouth-diseases 口蹄疫Forage 牧草Forestomach 前胃Fungi 真菌Gaseous energy 气能Genetic improvement遗传改良Genetic make-up 遗传表现Genetic potential 遗传潜力Genetic trait 遗传性状Genetics 遗传学Grains 谷物Grazing animal 放牧动物Grazing behavior 放牧习性Grazing capacity 载畜量Grazing land 放牧草地Grazing systems 放牧制度Gross energy 总能Growing-finishing pig 生长育肥猪Heat increment 热增耗Heavy grazing 重载Herbivore 食草动物Herbivorous animals 食草动物Hereditary character遗传性状Hereditary diseases 遗传性疾病Heredity 遗传Highly correlate 高度相关的Hog producer 生猪生产者Homogeneous traits 纯和性状Hormones 激素Humidity 湿度Hydrolyze\hydrolysis 水解Identical twins 同卵双胞胎Immune globulins 免疫球蛋白Indigestible 不可消化的Ingestions 摄食Inherit 遗传Inherited character 遗传性状Inherited diseases遗传性疾病Inherited trait 遗传性状Inhibitory 抑制Inseminate 授精Insemination 授精Intensive farming 集约化农业、集约化畜牧业Intensive farming 集约农场Intensive grazing 集约放牧Intensive system 集约饲养制Junction 接缝、关节Large intestine 大肠Legumes 豆科植物Life cycles 生活史Lignin 木质素Lipid 脂类Livestock breeders畜牧生产者Livestock farm 畜牧场Livestock growers 畜牧生产者Livestock industry 畜牧业Livestock management家畜管理Livestock producers 养畜者、畜牧经营者Livestock production 畜牧生产Livestock 家畜Lymphatic system 淋巴系统Mad cow diseases 疯牛病Mammalian enzyme哺乳动物酶Manure disposal 粪便处理Manure pit 粪坑Manure 粪肥Massive production of ova 卵子大量生产Mastitis 乳房炎Maturity 成熟Meat industry 肉产业Meat-type animal 肉用家畜Mechanical ventilation 机械通风Metabolic diseases 代谢病Metabolic 代谢的Metabolism cage 代谢笼Metabolism 代谢Metabolite 代谢物Metabolizable energy 代谢能Metabolizable protein 代谢蛋白Metabolizable 可代谢的Metabolization 代谢Metabolize 代谢Methane 甲烷Microbial action 微生物作用Microbial activity 微生物活性Microbial digestion 微生物消化Microflora 微生物区系Microorganisms 微生物Minerals 矿物质Monogastric animal 单胃动物Monosaccharides 单糖Muscling 瘦肉率Mutate\mutation 突变Natural selection 自然选择Natural ventilation 自然通风Net energy 净能Newcastle diseases 新城疫N-free extract 无氮浸出物Nitrogenous compounds 含氮化合物Non-protein nitrogen 非蛋白氮Nonruminants 单胃动物Nursery house 保育舍Nutrient deficiency 营养缺乏Nutritive requirement营养需要Offspring 后代Omasum 瓣胃Omnivore 杂食动物Organic matter 有机质Organs 器官Over grazing 超载Parturition 分娩Pasture improvement 草地改良、牧草改良Pasture land 牧草地、草原Pasture management牧地管理Pasture production 牧草生产Pasture stock 放牧家畜Pasture yield 产草量Pedigree 系谱\血统Physiological processes 生理过程Physiological state 生理状态Physiology of reproduction 生殖生理Piglet 仔猪Polysaccharides 多糖Product quality 产品质量Production trait 生产性状Productive traits 生产性能Prolificacy 繁殖力Propionate 丙酸盐Propionic acid 丙酸Protein 蛋白质Protozoa 原虫Purebred 纯种Quarantine 隔离Quarter 乳区Radiant energy 辐射能Radiant heat 辐射热Rating animal 家畜评定Ration 日粮Relative humidity 相对湿度Replacement female 后备母畜Replacement sows 后备母猪Reproduction trait 繁殖性状Reproductive cells 繁殖细胞Reproductive cycle 繁殖周期Reproductive efficiency 繁殖力Reproductive organs 生殖器官Reproductive performance 繁殖性能Reproductive potential繁殖潜力Reproductive rate 繁殖率Reproductive tract 生殖道Reproductivity 繁殖力Retention 滞留、保持Reticulum 网胃Rumen bacteria 瘤胃细菌Rumen 瘤胃Ruminal bacteria 瘤胃细菌Ruminant animal 反刍动物Ruminant 反刍动物Rumination 反刍Sanitary\sanitation 卫生Scrapie 痒病Selection 选择、选种Selective breeding 选配、选育Semen 精液Short chain fatty acid 短链脂肪酸Silage 青贮饲料Simple-stomached animals 单胃动物Sire 公畜Slaughter weight 屠宰重Small intestine 小肠Sow 母猪Sperm 精子Sprinklers 喷淋头Starch 淀粉Statistical formulas 统计公式Supplement 补充、添加Supplemental feed 补充饲料Supplementary feeding 补饲Survival of the fittest适者生存Susceptibility 敏感性Susceptible 易受影响的Swine fever 猪瘟Synthesize 合成Teat 乳头Tissues 组织Trait 性状Transmit\transmission 传播Transmitting ability遗传能力Urea 尿、尿素Vaccines 疫苗Volatile fatty acid 挥发性脂肪酸Waste treatment 排泄物处理。
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1.There are six basic classes of nutrients that must be considered in formulating diets:water、carbohydrates、protein、lipids、minerals、vitamins.2.Maintenance is the state in which there is neither gain nor loss of a nutrient by the body.3.Pigs are delivered in the “litter”,and chicks are hatched from the “egg”.4.After approximately 115 days of pregnancy,parturition is initiated.5.Regardless of the species ,most of digestion and absorption of nutrients take place in the small intestine.6.Apparent digestibility:表观消化率7.Proximate analysis:工业分析ctation:泌乳9.Digestive tract:消化道10.Stall:畜栏11.瘤胃：paunch12.母猪：hen13.饲养密度：stocking density14.肉鸡：broiler chicken15.饲料转化率：feed conversion rate16.动物福利：animal welfare17.The maintenance portion of the total energy need during growth increases with body size,but the additional need for the growth depends on the rate and the composition of the tissue being formed.生长期间的总能量需求的维持部分随着身体尺寸增加，但是对生长的额外需要取决于所形成的组织的速率和合成物。
18.Pigs have an immature digestive system at birth,whereas chicks have a full complement of digestive enzymes at hatching-”Chicks”can utilize corn and soybean meal diets efficiently from day one,whereas baby pigs must depend on milk or milk-based diets! 猪在出生时有一个不成熟的消化系统，而雏鸡在孵化时有完整的消化酶补充-“小鸡”可以从第一天有效地利用玉米和豆粕日粮，而小猪必须依赖于牛奶或牛奶基础的饮食！19.能量和蛋白质饲喂不足会导致公畜、母畜性成熟延迟。
Under feeding energy or protein can result in delayed sexual maturing in both the male and female.20.胃最重要的功能是储存食物，控制其内容物向十二指肠释放。
Stomach,its most important function is storage of food and controlled release of its contents into the duodenum.21.猪的需水量变异很大，取决于空气温度、湿度和采食量。
Variation in the water requirements of pigs varies greatly, depending on air temperature, humidity, and feed intake.22.Stall allow the sow to stand ,lie,eat and drink,but may not allow them to turn around .It allows the producer to feed and observe each sow individually to meet her needs and it protects her from other aggressive sows.畜栏容许母猪站立、躺、吃食和喝水，但不允许它们到处跑，允许生产人员饲养和观察每一个单独的母猪，发现的需要保护她不受其他母猪侵害。
23.During mitosis there are four typical stages in the division of the cell nucleus.In the order in which they occur ,they are:prophase,metaphase,anaphase and telophase.24.A gene pair will determine the genotype of a productive trait,for example,a polled cow might carry the gene pair PP.A horned cow must carry the gene pair PP.Here, the gene pair PP and PP are called as.A homozygous gene pair.25.The estrous cycle is the cycle is conveniently divided into 4 phases:Proestrus,Estrus,Metestrus,Diestrus,Fertilization,Gestation,Birth.26.Biotechnology is being applied to enhance genetic progress through these four factors:increase genetic variation,increase the accuracy of selection,reduce the generation interval and to increase the selection intensity.27.Genetic Inheritance is the proportion of the total variation (genetic and environmental) that is due to additive gene effects,Its estimate expresses the likelihood of a trait being passed on from parent to of spring.28.Codominance:共显性。
如果双亲的性状同时在F1个体上表现出来，这种显性表现称为共显性。
29.Sex-linked gene:伴性基因。
当基因位于决定性别的性染色体上的时候，它的遗传就与性别密切联系起来，这种与性别相联系的遗传现象叫做伴性遗传，决定伴性遗传的基因位于性染色体上，叫伴性基因。
30.Meiosis:减数分裂。
是生物细胞中染色体数目减半的分裂方式。
31.The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP):最佳线性无偏预测.是一种能显著提高遗传进展，特别是对于中等程度和高遗传力遗传力性状和限性性状，系谱信息较健全，个体表型值较准确的性状，其效果更加明显的方法。
32.MOET:动物胚胎生物工程技术.现代动物胚胎工程的概念涵盖所有对动物配子和胚胎进行工程化操作的技术方法.33.MAS: 分子标记辅助选择.是随着现代分子生物学技术的迅速发展而产生的新技术，它可以从分子水平上快速准确地分析个体的遗传组成，从而实现对基因型的直接选择，进行分子育种。
34.IVF:体外受精联合胚胎移植技术.是指分别将卵子与精子取出后，置于试管内使其受精，再将胚胎前体---受精卵移植回母体子宫内发育成胎儿。
35.ET:胚胎移植。
是指将雌性动物的早期胚胎，或者通过体外受精及及其他方式得到的胚胎，移植到同种的、生理状态相同的其他雌性动物体内，使之继续发育为新个体的技术。
36.Spermatogenesis:精子发生。
动物精子在睾丸内形成的过程。
37.Epigenomics:表观基因组学.在基因组的水平上研究表观遗传修饰的领域.38.Selection index:选择性指数.指某一用来标量可行性或者适合度的量.39.Heterosis:杂种优势.指杂交子代在生长活力、育性和种子产量等方面都优于双亲均值的现象.40.The deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) molecule is shaped like a double helix.The sides of the molecule are composed of two strands of deoxyribose(a five-carbon sugar molecule).The deoxyribose molecules in the side strands are linked together by phosphoric acid.脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）分子的形状像双螺旋。
分子的两侧由脱氧核糖（5个碳糖分子）的两条链组成。
侧链中的脱氧核糖分子连接一起通过磷酸。
41.The side strands are linked together by nitrogen-containing bases.Two are purines.A nucleotide is a combination of one of the deoxyribose and the phosphate to the other.The phosphate is also attached to the next deoxyribose in the chain,forming a polynucleotide chain.Two of these polynucleotide chains twist into a coil,forming the double helix of the DNA molecule.侧链通过含氮碱基连接在一起。