201112英语四级考试作文真题及范文
2011年12月英语四级考试作文真题及范文
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." Y ou should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Outlines:
1. 坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。
2.意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命
3. 学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才
(I)Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
No great work can be performed without will. We envy famous men and imagine that fame was due to some trick of luck. But when we know their histories, we find that it is long years of will and constant effort that have brought about their success. Just as we can’t reach the top of a mountain without climbing, we can’t achieve success without will.
The modern society provides people with more opportunities than before, and there are stories which tell us the possibility of becoming successful overnight. Actually that is not the case. Before these people become successful, a lot of hard work has been done, unnoticed mostly. What we usually see is the result, but what we ignore is a long process of struggling forward and wrestling with internal or external obstacles. Take “quitting smoking” for example, which is , to most people , a difficult task, so people always give up the idea for they don’t have the strong will.
In a nutshell, strong will is an important condition or role of the success the individual should desire to maintain forever. There is no instant success in this world. Strong will is the best policy to make your life distinct and your dreams come true.
(IV) Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
“Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will” is accumulated experience we inherited from our forefathers. It stands to reason that persistence is vital to success; nevertheless, one’s end can never be accomplished with the lacking firmness of will.
A case in point is the quitting of smoking. On the eve of the World No-Tobacco Day this year, the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health advocated that campus smoking-control intervention should be the forerunner of the nationwide smoking-control efforts, which, undoubtedly, has motivated the campaign of “Smoking-free School” that has been sweeping the whole of China. In the advance of the movement, the humorous saying has acquired a proverbial currency, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing world. I’ve done it hundreds of time.” Obviously, wanting in perseverance, these smokers will never fulfill their purposes.
From what have been discussed above, we can reasonably come to the conclusion that only those tough-minded people can reach the summit. Otherwise, even if you have tried hundreds of times, you are still at the foot of the mountain, admiring those successful climbers.
Analysis
(1)“Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will” is accumulated experience we inherited
from our is vital to success; nevertheless, o ne’s end can never be accomplished with the lacking firmness of will.
the quitting of smoking. （2）On the eve of the World No-Tobacco Day this year, the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health advocated that campus smoking-control intervention干预should be the forerunner先驱of the nationwide smoking-control efforts, which, undoubtedly, has motivated the campaign of “Smoking-free School” that has been sweeping the whole of China. （3）In the advance of the movement, the humorous saying has acquired a proverbial currency像谚语广为流传, “Quitting smoking is the easiest thing world. (4)I’ve done it hundr eds of time.” (5)Obviously, wanting欠缺in perseverance坚持不懈, these smokers will never fulfill their purposes.
意志坚强people can reach the summit. （2）Otherwise, even if you have tried hundreds of times, you are still at the foot of the mountain, admiring those successful climbers.。
度米作文汇编之2011四级答案12月英语四级作文真题及范文[1]
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度米作文汇编之2011四级答案：12月英语四级作文真题及范文[1]2011四级答案：12月英语四级作文真题及范文【参考范文1】“where there is a will, there is way” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but not all understand it so well. actually, it means that if you are really resolved to do something, no matter how difficult it might be, never give up.in fact, strong will is a kind of good quality which successful people should own. a great man is always one who has a firm resolution and an inflexible spirit. one will never succeed all his life without a firm will to get the final victory. as a rule, great tasks are accomplished by men of strong will. for example, dr. sun yatsen, the founder of the republic of china, set the chinese people free from the manchurian rule through a long period of hard struggle. many of his attempts failed and many of his followers were killed, but he had an inflexible spirit and stuck to his cause. finally, he made the revolution of 1911 a success. the same is true of men in all walks of life.it is quite obvious that there is nothing difficult in the world, if you make up your mind to do it, you will certainly accomplish your end. that stands to reason. so as for students like us, we should have a good attitude towards failure. facing with difficulties and failures, keep heads up and never give up. besides, we should make full preparation, though strong will help us overcome the difficulties, it is not for person who has no preparation.【参考范文2】there is an old saying: where there is a will, there is a way. it tells us that a strong will is the most essential quality that anyone who wants to achieve success. it can contribute a lot to one’s success. although“all roads lead to rome”, none of them is completely smooth. our life is filled with obstacles which may make us feel so hopeless that we may choose to give up. at the crucial moment, strong will helps a lot. as a matter of fact, the ability to work through difficult situation and unfortunate events with strong will can m。
2011年12月英语四级作文
2011年12月英语四级作文英文回答：In December 2011, I took the English CET-4 exam. The exam was quite challenging, but I managed to pass it. During the exam, I encountered a question about the importance of learning a second language. I believe that learning a second language is extremely important for several reasons.Firstly, learning a second language can open up a world of opportunities. For example, I have a friend who speaks fluent Spanish, and because of this, she was able to land a job in a multinational company that required employees to be bilingual. Without her knowledge of Spanish, she would have missed out on this great opportunity.Secondly, learning a second language can help us to better understand and appreciate different cultures. For instance, I have been learning French for a few years now,and it has allowed me to connect with French-speakingpeople and understand their way of life. It has also given me a deeper appreciation for French literature and art.Lastly, learning a second language can improve our cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals have better problem-solving skills and are more adept at multitasking. Personally, I have found thatlearning a second language has improved my memory and concentration.中文回答：2011年12月，我参加了英语四级考试。
2011年12月英语四级作文题目及范文
2011年12月英语四级作文题目及范文Nothing succeeds without a strong willNothing Scucceeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I'va done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.英语四级作文范文1Nothing succeeds without a strong willThere is a prevalent joke around young people saying that ‘quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world, and I’ve done it for hundreds of times.’ This seemingly funny statement ironically reflects the fact that the determination of most youngsters is oftentimes started with enthusiasm, but the passion becomes increasingly weaker each day, and then diminishes as if there has been no such thing at all.It is obvious that t heir failure in ‘quitting smoking’ and decline of determination are all ascribed to their lack of will. Initially, every success involves several stages of setbacks and risks, and we need to summon up our will to conquer them. Moreover, there are enormous temptation in our path of pursuit of success. For instance, when we plan to quit smoking, our roommates may smoke freely in front of us; when we are eager to keep fit, our close friends may invite us to have late night snacks. Under these occasions, only strong will can assist us to resist the temptation, and persist in chasing our goals until we triumphantly realize them.In short, no dream will successfully come true if we do not have strong will. An old famous proverb says that ‘ where there is a will, there is a way’. Let us bear this motton in mind no matter how many thunders and thorns are on our roads ahead, then we will be successful with such precious and powerful spirit.英语四级作文范文2Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNo great work can be performed without will. We envy famous men and imagine that fame was due to some trock of luck. But when we know their histories, we find that it is long years of will and constant effort that have brought about their success. Just as we can't reach the top of a mountain without climbing, we can't achieve success without will.The modern society provides people with more opportunities than before, and there are stories which tell us the possibility of becoming successful overnight. Actually that is not the case. Before these people become successful, a lot of hard work has been done, unnoticed mostly. What we usually see is the result, but what we ignore is a long process of struggling forward and wrestling with internal or external obtacles. Take "quitting smoking" for example, which is , to most people , a difficult task, so people always give up the idea for they don't have the strong will.In a nutshell, strong will is an important condition or role of the success the individual should desire to maintain forever. There is no instant success in this world.Strong will is the best policy to make your life distinct and your dreams come true. 2011年12月英语四级作文范文3“Where there is a will, there is way”is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but not all understand it so well. Actually, it means that if you are really resolved to do something, no matter how difficult it might be, never give up。
2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版
2011年12月英语四级真题及答案解析完整版Part I Writing【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.”By doing this, they surrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.【高分版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillAs we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite. Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and perseverance. Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1【答案】A) sticks to them in their daily life2. 【答案】C) It is the basis of mutual trust3. 【答案】A. To ensure we make responsible choices.4.【答案】B. it is claimed to be unintentional.5.【答案】A. Avoid making excuses.6.【答案】C. value immediate benefits most.7. 【答案】A) pay more dearly8.【答案】steal a grade9.【答案】honesty and good faith10.【答案】the Watergate scandalPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A11.【答案】B) Go and ask the staff.12.【答案】A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.13.【答案】B) She is worried about missing her flight.14.【答案】A) At a restaurant15.【答案】A) He is being interviewed for a job.16.【答案】B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.17.【答案】D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.18.【答案】B)They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic. Conversation One19.【答案】B）He prefers hot weather to cold weather.20.【答案】B）The cold houses.21.【答案】C）Depressing.22.【答案】B）They work hard and play hard.Conversation Two23.【答案】B）French.24..【答案】C）careers guidance.25. 【答案】D）Its pleasant environment.Section BPassage One26. 【答案】C) The art of Japanese brush painting27. 【答案】B) To enhance concentration.28.【答案】A) How listeners in different cultures show respect. Passage Two29.【答案】 B) Buying and maintain equipment.30. 【答案】D)Two of his employees committed theft.31. 【答案】B)Advancement to a higher position.32 【答案】D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.Passage Three33.【答案】A）They help us see the important values of a culture.34.【答案】B) The values they reflect may change.35Section CCompound DictationOur lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own company, I no longer imagine I can get through a single day much less all my life completely on my own. Even if I am on vacation in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has sewn from cloth woven by others, using electricity someone else is distributing to my house. Evidence of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this journey together.As I was growing up, I remember being carefully taught that independence not interdependence was everything.“Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it.Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that what my parents were trying to teach me was to take responsibilities for my actions and my choices. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent and consequently became very reluctant to ask for help. I would do almost anything not to be a burden, and not require any help from anybody.PART 4Section A47 growth48 stable49 challenges50 certainly51 role52 combined53 significant54 included55 comprise56 solutionsSection BPassage One57, C encourage boys to express their emotions freely58, A perform relatively better59, C It fails to give boys the attention they need60, A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys 61, C They have sharper visionPassage Two62. C . It makes all the hard work worthwhile.63. D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.64. A. conflicts between couples tend to rise65. D. men and women view money in different ways.66. C. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship.Part V Cloze67.reveals68.staff69.while70.shortages71.surveyed72.private73.concerned 74.recruit75.As76.for77.intensify78.technical79.priority80.subjects81.if82.rate83.particular84.highlighted85.workforce 86.wherePart VI Translation87. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (为地震幸存者筹款)88. Linda couldn’t have received my e-mail (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied.89. It’s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study.90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考虑这本小说的受欢迎程度)。
2011年12月英语四级作文习题及范文20篇
2011年12月英语四级作文习题及范文20篇主题：水资源缺乏1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On Water Shortage. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composit ion on the outline given below:1. Water shortage is becoming an urgent problem2. Possible reasons3. Possible solutions参考范文：On Water ShortageNo one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem wit h which the whole world is confronted. Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s daily life and hindered the development of the global econom y.A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the c ritical ones. First, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is needed. Secondly, the ever-increasing population is another leading cause of w ater shortage. Besides, the global tendency of warming up also contributes to the problem. What’s worse, pollution and waste of fre sh water aggravate the situation.In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before t hings get worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforce d to protect water resources. Secondly, people should enhance their awareness of saving w ater. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to expect a brighter future.2011年12月英语四级作文习题及范文(2)主题：互联网People's Use of the Internet1. 上图所示为2001年7月、2002年7月、2003年1月我国上网用户总人数，请描述其变化;2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因;3.你认为目前用户在因特网使用中有什么困难或问题。
英语4级范文
2011年12月英语四级作文范文Part I WritingNothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillNothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough.To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they su rrender to their weak will. In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means that you know where yo u go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute.如今，微博已成为人们生活的一部分。
2011年12月英语四级考试作文（共五则）
2011年12月英语四级考试作文（共五则）第一篇：2011年12月英语四级考试作文2011年12月四级作文：坚强的意志作文：Where There Is a Will There Is a Way1．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。
2．意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命，3．学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才用。
1.Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will“Where there is a will, there is way” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but not all understand it so well.Actually, it means that if you are really resolved to do something, no matter how difficult it might be, never give up.In fact, strong will is a kind of good quality which successful people should own.A great man is always one who has a firm resolution and an inflexible spirit.One will never succeed all his life without a firm will to get the final victory.As a rule, great tasks are accomplished by men of strong will.For example, Dr.Sun Yatsen, the founder of the Republic of China, set the Chinese people free from the Manchurian rule through a long period of hard struggle.Many of his attempts failed and many of his followers were killed, but he had an inflexible spirit and stuck to his cause.Finally, he made the revolution of 1911 a success.The same is true of men in all walks of life.It is quite obvious that there is nothing difficult in the world, if you make up your mind to do it, you will certainly accomplish your end.That stands to reason.So as for students like us, we should have a good attitude towards failure.Facing with difficulties and failures, keep heads up and never give up.Besides, we should make full preparation, though strong will help usovercomethe diffioulties, it is not for person who has no preparation.2.We have spoken, written and discussed quite a lot on the relationship between iron will and success.Many people dream of becoming scientists, millionaires or superstars.However, without iron will, do you think they can succeed in making their dreams come true?Beyond all doubt, iron will plays a key role in being successful.At the top of the list, there must be difficulties in the way toward success.Apparently, the iron will is a strong weapon for against difficulties.In addition, positive attitude is indispensable to success.It is the iron will that can provoke positive attitude.T o be successful, everyone needs to understand the close relationship between iron will and success.In one word, no an iron will today, no success tomorrow.3.Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillAs we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved.There is something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water does.The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite.Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and perseverance.Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself.第二篇：英语作文四级考试Traffic jams are very commonly-seen in big cities, and a big headache for the citizens.In rush hours, endless cars get stuck on the road, and the whole city is like a huge parking lot.The driving restrictions, therefore, are put forward to alleviate the traffic problems in big cities.By implementing driving restrictions, around half of the private cars can be reduced from the road, which will help decrease the possibility of traffic jams.I believe that the driving restriction can be effective, but it is not the only way out.If the car ownership is increasing continuously, this policy will have limited effects.So the government should look at other areas to address the traffic problem, including reasonable road design, and encouragement of the public using public transport system.交通拥挤在大城市是很常见的，并为公民的一大难题。
四级试卷
2011年全国大学英语12月份四级考试试卷(A卷)Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students on the Job Market. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.当今大学生面临着严重的就业压力2.这一现象的产生有多方面的原因3.解决的办法【参考范文】College Students on the Job MarketMore and more graduates are going out of universities and entering into the society every year while the demand on the job market remains stable. The college students are facing greater and greater pressure in job-hunting.There are many reasons behind the current phenomenon. To begin with, the economy has been confronted with depression in recent years on a global level, and it takes time for the worldwide economy to recover. What’s more, there is an element of irrationality in the enrollment of the campuses. Some hot majors have enrolled too many students, and many people compete for one position after graduation, whereas the majors with little attention have few students, and more graduates are needed than the campus can supply.The solution to this problem lies with both the government as a whole and the individual in specific. The government takes whatever measures possible to help the economy recover and to create more job opportunities for the applicants. And for the individual students, it is better to study what they are interested in and to gain experience through practice, thus better prepared for the society.Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will Electronic Medical Records Improve Health Care?Electronic health records (EHRs) have received a lot of attention since the Obama administration committed $19 billion in stimulus funds earlier this year to encourage hospitals and health care facilities to digitize patient data and make better use of information technology. The healthcare industry as a whole, however, has been slow to adopt information technology and integrate computer systems, raising the question of whether the push to digitize will result in information that empowers doctors to make better-informed decisions or a morass of disconnected data.The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) knows firsthand how difficult it is to achieve the former, and how easily an EHR plan can fall into the latter. UPMC has spent five years and more than $1 billion on information technology systems to get ahead of the EHR issue. While that is more than five times as much as recent estimates say it should cost a hospital system, UPMC is a mammoth network consisting of20 hospitals as well as 400 doctors’ offices, outpatient sites and long-term care facilities employing about 50,000 people.UPMC’s early attempts to create a universal EHR system, such as its ambulatory electronic medical records rolled out between 2000 and 2005, were met with resistance as doctors, staff and other users either avoided using the new technology altogether or clung to individual, disconnected software and systems that UPMC’s IT department had implemented over the years.On the mendAlthough UPMC began digitizing some of its records in 1996, the turning point in its efforts came in 2004 with the rollout of its eRecord system across the entire health care network. eRecord now contains more than 3.6 million electronic patient records, including images and CT scans, clinical laboratory information, radiology data, and a picture archival and communication system that digitizes images and makes them available on PCs. The EHR system has 29,000 users, including more than 5,000 physicians employed by or affiliated with UPMC.If UPMC makes EHR systems look easy, don’t be fooled, cautions UPMC chief medical informat ion officer Dan Martich, who says the health care network’s IT systems require a "huge, ongoing effort" to ensure that those systems can communicate with one another. One of the main reasons is that UPMC, like many other health care organizations, uses a number of different vendors for its medical and IT systems, leaving the integration largely up to the IT staff.Since doctors typically do not want to change the way they work for the sake of a computer system, the success of an EHR program is dictated not only by the presence of the technology but also by how well the doctors are trained on, and use, the technology. Physicians need to see the benefits of using EHR systems both persistently and consistently, says Louis Baverso, chief information officer a t UPMC’s Magee-Women’s Hospital. But these benefits might not be obvious at first, he says, adding, "What doctors see in the beginning is that they’re losing their ability to work with paper documents, which has been so valuable to them up until now."Opportunities and costsGiven the lack of EHR adoption throughout the health care world, there are a lot of opportunities to get this right (or wrong). Less than 10 percent of U.S. hospitals have adopted electronic medical records even in the most basic way, according to a study authored by Ashish Jha, associate professor of health policy and management at Harvard School of Public Health. Only 1.5 percent have adopted a comprehensive system of electronic records that includes physicians’ notes and orders and decision support systems that alert doctors of potential drug interactions or other problems that might result from their intended orders.Cost is the primary factor stalling EHR systems, followed by resistance from physicians unwilling to adopt new technologies and a lack of staff with adequate IT expertise, according to Jha. He indicated that a hospital could spend from $20 million to $200 million to implement an electronic record system over several years, depending on the size of the hospital. A typical doctor’s office would cost an estimated $50,000 to outfit with an EHR system.The upside of EHR systems is more difficult to quantify. Although some estimates say that hospitals and doctor’s offices could save as much as $100 million annually by moving to EHRs, the mere act of implementing the technology guarantees neither cost savings nor improvements in care, Jha said during a Harvard School of Public Health community forum on September 17. Another Harvard study of hospital computerization likewise determined that cutting costs and improving care through health IT as it exists today is "wishful thinking". This study was led by David Himmelstein, associate professor at Harvard Medical School.The cost of getting it wrongThe difference between the projected cost savings and the reality of the situation stems from the fact that the EHR technologies implemented to date have not been designed to save money or improve patient care, says Leonard D’Avolio, associate center director of Biomedical I nformatics at the Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MA VERIC). Instead, EHRs are used to document individual patients’ conditions, pass this information among clinicians treating those patients, justify financial reimbursement and serve as the legal records of events.This is because, if a health care facility has $1 million to spend, its managers are more likely to spend it on an expensive piece of lab equipment than on information technology, D’Avolio says, adding that the investment on lab equipment can be made up by charging patients access to it as a billable service. This is not the case for IT. Also, computers and networks used throughout hospitals and health care facilities are disconnected and often manufactured by different vendors without a standardized way of communicating. "Medical data is difficult to standardize because caring for patients is a complex process," he says. "We need to find some way of reaching across not just departments but entire hospitals. If you can’t measure something, you can’t improve it, and without access to this data, you can’t measure it."To qualify for a piece of the $19 billion being offered through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), healthcare facilities will have to justify the significance of their IT investments to ensure they are "meaningful users" of EHRs. The Department of Health and Human Services has yet to define what it considers meaningful useAggregating info to create knowledgeIdeally, in addition to providing doctors with basic information about their patients, databases of vital signs, images, laboratory values, medications, diseases, interventions, and patient demographic information could be mined for new knowledge, D’Avolio says. "With just a few of these databases networked together, the power to improve health care increases exponentially," D’Avolio suggested. "All that is missing is the collective realization that better health care requires access to better information—not automation of the status quo." Down the road, the addition of genomic information, environmental factors and family history to these databases will enable clinicians to begin to realize the potential of personalized medicine, he added.1. In America, it is slow to adopt information technology because —————.A) the funds invested by the government is not enough in the pastB) EHRs have received less attention of the public in the pastC) whether it will be useful to doctors or not is doubtfulD) UPMC knows how difficult it is to digitize the hospital2. The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) —————.A) is the first medical center to adopt information technologyB) satisfy the requirement of the government on information technologyC) spent less money on information technology than it was estimatedD) attempted to created a universal EHR system, but met some difficulties3. The health care network’s IT systems require a lot of effort to ensure it can communicate with one another mainly because —————..A) the integration among different system is largely up to the IT staffB) UPMC is like many other health care organizations in the United StatesC) UPMC makes EHR systems look easyD) UMPC began digitizing some of its records in 19964. The success of the EHR program is decided by —————..A) the fact whether the information technology is available or notB) the fact how well the doctors are trained to use the information technologyC) not only the presence of the technology but the doctor’s training on tech nologyD) the fact whether physicians can see the benefits of using EHR systems5. The most important reason of most hospitals being reluctant to adopt EHR system is that —————.A) the cost is too high for the hospital to affordB) physicians are unwilling to adopt itC) there is a lack of staff with adequate IT expertiseD) doctor worry about its negative influence on patients6. According to the study led by David Himmelstein through health IT —————.A) it is possible to cut the costs of the hospitalB) it is possible to improve the health careC) it ensure neither cost saving nor improvement in careD) it could save as much as $100 million annually7. The hospital’s managers prefer to —————.A) spend money on an expensive piece of equipment than on information technologyB) charge patients access to the information technology as a billable serviceC) purchase the information technology to improve the health care of the hospitalD) invest more money on the training of the physicians to charge patients more money8. Jha said the mere act of implementing the technology guarantees ______________________.9. D’Avolio says the investment on lab equipment can be made up by_____________________.10. Databases of vital signs, images, laboratory values, medications, diseases, interventions, and patient demographic information could be ____________________.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)原文精译【1】给自己的事业买最好的保险消防队无意之中淹没了Mad Gab’s的总部，Mad Gab’s是Gabrielle Melchionda二十多年前建立的美容公司。
2011年12月英语四级作文
2011年12月英语四级作文In the contemporary era, technology has become an integral part of our lives, and its influence on education is undeniable. The integration of technology in classrooms has revolutionized the way students learn and teachers teach. This essay will explore the various roles technology plays in modern education, including enhancing learning experiences, facilitating communication, and providing access to a wealth of information.First and foremost, technology has the power to make learning more interactive and engaging. Educational software and applications have been developed to cater to different learning styles, ensuring that every student can grasp the material effectively. For instance, interactive whiteboardsin classrooms allow teachers to present information in a dynamic way, while educational games and simulations can help students understand complex concepts through hands-on experiences.Moreover, technology has facilitated communication between students, teachers, and parents. Online platforms and learning management systems enable teachers to share resources, assignments, and feedback with students in atimely manner. This not only streamlines the educational process but also allows for more personalized learning experiences as teachers can track individual progress and provide targeted support.Additionally, the internet has opened up a vast array of resources for students and educators alike. Online databases, educational websites, and digital libraries provide access to a wealth of information that was previously inaccessible.This has not only enriched the learning experience but also encouraged students to become more independent learners, capable of conducting research and finding solutions to problems on their own.However, it is important to acknowledge that technology in education also presents challenges. Issues such as digital divide, where some students lack access to necessary technology, can exacerbate existing inequalities in education. Furthermore, there is a need to ensure that teachers are adequately trained to utilize technology effectively in their teaching practices.In conclusion, technology plays a crucial role in modern education by enhancing the learning experience, facilitating communication, and providing access to information. While challenges exist, the potential benefits of technology in education are immense and should be harnessed to prepare students for the future. As we continue to advance technologically, it is imperative that education evolves alongside, ensuring that students are equipped with theskills and knowledge necessary to thrive in an increasingly digital world.。
2011年12月大学英语四级作文题目及范文
2011年12⽉⼤学英语四级作⽂题⽬及范⽂ Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上. For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 范⽂ Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will Sometimes, in our daily life, the easiest thing might be the most difficult thing, as in the case of some people trying to quit smoking for hundreds of times and still making endless efforts without any hope of success. The reason for their failure is their lack of a strong will。
In our modern world, nothing is simple and straightforward. Something might appear deceptively easy at first, but as we proceed on, we will find that it is actually extremely difficult. Therefore, we must take whatever we do seriously and be mentally prepared to make our utmost exertions. When we encounter obstacles and setbacks, we must apply our strong willpower and persevere until we finally succeed。