2020年北京门头沟高三一模英语试题及答案--北京高考
2020北京门头沟区高三一模英语2020.04第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
ABasketball hero Kobe Bryant's death has drawn an outpouring of shock and sadness across China.Basketball fans in China are now sad after learning that the former Los Angeles Lakers'18-time NBA All Star had died at the age of41in a helicopter crash1Sunday in California.Bryant was among nine people on board,2(include)his13-year-old daughter Gianna,who all died in the disaster3occurred in the heavy fog.BThe shadow puppet play Monkey King and Coronavirus(冠状病毒),4(create)by the Beijing Longzaitian Shadow Puppet Theater,5(broadcast)online since February14with nearly5million hits on the internet.In the show, the Monkey King hears about the novel coronavirus outbreak,so6(him)goes to Wuhan,the capital city of Central China's Hubei province7(fight)the disease.CLocated in the southern part of Beijing,the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex of fine cultural buildings set in gardens and surrounded by historic pine woods.It has been one of the most significant8(place)for the whole country for more than five centuries.It9(serve)as a complex of sacrificial buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors,and is the10(large)one in Beijing among several royal sites.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）I'm Robin Woods.I'm always the first to make a good joke and11my work away at the end of the day.But somehow I'm12the first to be picked for teams and plays.I have always been the outcast,13and alone.“This year our play will be the story of Robin Hood and his Merry Men,”our teacher,Miss Goody,14the whole class.“Who would like to be Robin Hood?”I15my hand up into the air.Of course everybody wanted the biggest and best part,especially bossy Bradley.“16for a part and I’ll test you on Monday and decide who will be best for each part,”said Miss Goody, handing out pages of the script.“…And of course we’ll need lots of trees to be the forest.”“You’ll be a little baby bush…,”Bradley17me.“Or a teeny-tiny leaf.”I18him and took a copy of the Robin Hood words and began my practicing on the way home.On Monday I did some brilliant acting and I remembered all my19.I got the part.Bradley got the part of Little John.Becky was one of the ladies-in-waiting.Jordan was the minstrel(吟游艺人),who told the20in song with a little strum of the guitar every now and then.We had three weeks to learn our parts.Becky offered to21with me.She played Little John's part and gave me22 on fighting.Bradley,who still really wanted to be Robin Hood,often came over to watch.He seemed to be waiting for me to make mistakes.I felt23,with knocking knees and cold feet.But I was determined to be the best Robin Hood ever.I had got the part of a hero and a hero I shall be.At home,Granddad came to help me.He could play the guitar and even made up a minstrel dance.He was really getting into the minstrel’s24,which cheered me up and made learning my part much easier and funny.In the final dress rehearsal that afternoon,Bradley was really getting carried away in that fighting-to-get-across-the-river25.He was shouting louder and louder and pushing harder and harder until he lost his26and fell off the bridge.He had hurt his ankle!Worse still,Jordan had got a flu.Probably we had to27that night’s performance for it was just impossible to find two new actors who could learn the parts before28and,most importantly,could play the guitar.Girls wailed and sobbed.Boys sighed and shuffled their feet.It was I that put forward a29：Granddad could play the part of the minstrel,Becky did the part of Little John and Carly could have her part as lady-in-waiting.Miss Goody sighed with relief.Everybody burst into tears of joy.The performance that night was a great success.I felt like a30.11.A.tidy B.throw C.push D.drag12.A.sometimes B.frequently C.always D.never13.A.unattended B.unassisted C.unwanted D.unmoved14.A.taught B.gathered C.dismissed D.lectured15.A.seized B.trembled C.shot D.shook16.A.Look out B.Try out C.Stand out D.Speak out17.A.blamed B.threatened C.teased D.cheated18.A.admired B.abused C.respected D.ignored19.A.stories B.texts C.passages D.lines20.A.tale B.truth C.result D.difference21.A.dance B.sing C.perform D.practice22.A.knives B.tips C.guns D.signals23.A.nervous B.disappointed C.important D.honored24.A.part B.team C.band D.house25.A.accident B.incident C.scene D.event26.A.sword B.stick C.position D.balance27.A.cancel B.give C.improve D.evaluate28.A.dawn B.dusk C.midday D.midnight29.A.theory B.solution C.budget D.principle30.A.director poser C.hero D.teacher第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）AIt is every kid’s worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived it—twice.First he lost his dad when he was four and then last month his mom died unexpectedly in her sleep.“I tried and I tried and I tried to get her awake—I couldn't,”said Jaden.Jaden was understandably heartbroken.But there was another side to his grief.A side he first made public a few weeks ago when hetold his aunt,and now guardian,Barbara DiCola,that he was sick and tired of seeing everyone sad all the time.And he had a plan to fix it.“And that was the beginning of it,”said Barbara.“That’s where the adventure began.”Jaden asked his aunt Barbara to buy a bunch of little toys and bring him to downtown Savannah,Georgia near where he lives,so he could give them away.“I’m trying to make people smile,”said Jaden.Jaden targeted people who weren’t already smiling and then turned their day around.He’d go out on four different occasions now and he was always successful.Even if sometimes he didn’t get exactly the reaction he was hoping for.It was just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy—expecting nothing in return—except a smile.“I’m counting on it to be33,000,”said Jaden.When asked if he thought he could make that goal,he answered,“I think I can.”31.Why did Jaden give the toys to other people?A.Because he wanted to fix the toys.B.Because he wanted to see more people.C.Because he wanted to give the toys away.D.Because he wanted to make people happy.32.What can we learn from the passage?A.Jaden lived with his aunt.B.Jaden targeted people who were not happy.C.Jaden got nothing he wanted all the time.D.Jaden was sick and tired of seeing everyone.33.Which of the following words can best describe Jaden?A.Helpful and impatient.B.Creative and tricky.C.Optimistic and courageous.D.Ambitious and greedy.BTesla’s lifestyle products tend to cash in on the brand appeal of the electric carmaker and its very publicly engaged chief manager Elon Musk,and the new Tesla Wireless Charger is no exception.It is not for the car,but for the cellphone.The device,which is sold on Tesla’s website alongside hats and the company’s existing desktop and portabledirectly into your device,and a USB-A port for non-USB-C devices.You can get it in black or white,but it only comes with6,000mAh of juice and5W of output charging(The wired charging method gets you7.5W).For about half the price,you can get Anker’s10,000mAh Power Core charger,which has12W of output charging but no wireless charging capabilities.For$50,you can get an RAV Power10,400mAh wireless charger with 10W of output.Of course,nobody is really buying this for the functions.They’re buying it because it has a Tesla logo on it and it looks really nice,which is totally fair for$65and the ease of use wireless charging allows.It’s not a bad purchase for a big Tesla fan.34.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.A Wired Charging MethodB.A New Wireless ChargerC.A New Tesla CarD.A New Apple Device35.If you spend$32.5,you can get___________________.A.a desktopB.a Tesla wireless chargerC.an RAV Power wireless chargerD.an Anker’s10,000mAh Power Core charger36.A new wireless charger has_____________.A.12W of output chargingB.10W of output chargingC.5W of output chargingD.7.5W of output charging37.Where is the passage most probably from?A.A literary essay.B.A science report.C.A historical novel.D.A sale website.CNew study shows rapid decline in insect populations.A growing number of the Earth's insect population now can be seen only in collections on exhibitions.Nobody's seen those for400years.A new review of over70studies of insect populations suggests that human pressures are causing insect populations to plummet by as much as a quarter every decade.The loss of species is inevitably concerning because often we don’t know what those species are doing or we don’t know what other species are depending on them.Insects make up the largest class of animals on earth and represent more than half of all known living creatures. They are incredibly diverse,and in many ways make life on Earth possible.But when we decrease the number of species,we're destroying ecosystem function.Why does that matter?It is because that it's ecosystems that support humans.But those life-support systems that keep us alive,even if we live in a city,are produced by healthy ecosystems.And none of these ecosystems will run well without insects.Bees and butterflies pollinate(授粉)our food, flowers and trees.They feed all kinds of larger animals,including humans.A large number of crops we eat and rely on are pollinated by insects,so we can’t imagine a world where that pollination process is not taking place.And there are some cases already around the world where we are having to pollinate by hand,at huge cost,a huge economic cost,simply because the insects aren’t there to do the work that we would normally ask them to do for free.And in some cases,if you’re talking about food crops,just try to imagine the scale of what the world would look like if insects weren't doing that for us.One big warning,all of the studies come from industrialized countries inEurope and North America.In some areas,the decline is even more rapid.According to one recent study,the number of ground insects in Puerto Rico has fallen by98%over the last35years.A growing body of research shows that insects are declining about twice as fast as vertebrates.The researchers predict that all insect species could be gone in a century in these industrialized countries.38.What does the underlined word“plummet”in Paragraph1probably mean?A.Reduce.B.Increase.C.Disappear.D.Raise.39.We can learn from Paragraph2and3that______________.A.we can make a big profit by pollinating by handB.insects have no impact on industrial developmentC.pollinating by hand can replace pollinating by insectsD.insects account for the largest composition in the entire animal kingdom40.What’s the author’s attitude towards the phenomenon mentioned in the news?A.Unclear.B.Concerned.C.Suspicious.D.Critical.41.The author helps readers better understand his idea mainly by__________.ing research resultsB.making comparisonsC.giving some examplesD.telling personal storiesDWhen I re-entered the full-time work after a decade of running my own business,there was a top thing I was looking forward to:to make friends with the colleagues once again.As a matter of fact,it wasn't until I entered the company that I realized making friends with colleagues wasn’t the first at all.It is developing interpersonal relationships at work that is vital,which can not only help overcome a range of problems at work but also promote productivity and the quality of work output.Perhaps my expectations of lunches and chatting with friends were the memory of the last time I was in that kind of office environment.However,as I near the end of my fourth decade,I realize work can be fully functional and entirely satisfying without needing to be the best workmates with the people sitting next to you.In an academic analysis just published in the very influential Journal of Management,researchers have developed the idea of"indifferent relationships",which is a simple term that summarizes the fact that relationships at work can be less close,unimportant and even replaceable.Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative.The limited research conducted so far shows they're especially obvious among those who value independence over cooperation,and harmony over disharmony. Indifference is also the preferred choice among those who are socially lazy and regard maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort.As mentioned above,indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful way in solving problems at work.Even so,there are proven benefits on indifferent relationship.One of them is efficiency.Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and producing.Another is self-respect.As human beings,we tend to compare ourselves to each other.Apparently,we look down on acquaintances more than friends.In the process their strengthscan raise the sense of self-worth.The third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found to improve critical thinking,enhance people’s attention to task solving,and make it easier to gain valuable information.None of those benefits might be as fun as after-work socializing but,hey,I'll take it anyway.42.What did the author realize when he re-entered the company?A.Building interpersonal relationships was important.B.Making new friends with workmates was not so easy as he had expected.C.Developing positive interpersonal relationships helped him find his place.D.Working in companies requires more interpersonal skills than self-employment.43.Which one belongs to indifferent relationships at work according to the passage？A.Being in conflict with workmates in the office.B.Spending less time chatting and socializing in the office.C.Having deep and meaningful conversations with colleagues.D.Being the best mates with the people sitting next to you in the office.44.What can be one of the benefits of the indifferent relationships?A.They provide fun at work.B.They improve work efficiency.C.They help control emotions at work.D.They help solve problems during work time.45.What’s the author’s attitude towards indifferent relationships?A.Cautious.B.Doubtful.C.Approving.D.Indifferent.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
门头沟区2020届高三一模英语试题及答案
门头沟区2020年高三年级综合练习高三英语2020．3第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
ABasketball hero Kobe Bryant's death has drawn an outpouring of shock and sadness across China. Basketball fans in China are now sad after learning that the former Los Angeles Lakers' 18-time NBA All Star had died at the age of 41 in a helicopter crash 1 Sunday in California. Bryant was among nine people on board, 2 (include) his 13-year-old daughter Gianna, who all died in the disaster 3 occurred in the heavy fog.BThe shadow puppet play Monkey King and Coronavirus(冠状病毒), 4 (create) by the Beijing Longzaitian Shadow Puppet Theater, 5 (broadcast) online since February 14 with nearly 5 million hits on the internet. In the show, the Monkey King hears about the novel coronavirus outbreak, so 6 (him)goes to Wuhan, the capital city of Central China's Hubei province 7 (fight) the disease.CLocated in the southern part of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex of fine cultural buildings set in gardens and surrounded by historic pine woods. It has been one of the most significant 8 (place) for the whole country for more than five centuries. It 9 (serve) as a complex of sacrificial buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors, and is the 10 (large) one in Beijing among several royal sites.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2020门头沟高三英语一模阅读理解带答案精校版
2020门头沟一模AIt is every kid’s worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived it — twice. First he lost his dad when he was four and then last month his mom died unexpectedly in her sleep.“I tried and I tried and I tried to get her awake — I couldn't,” said Jaden.Jaden was understandably heartbroken.But there was another side to his grief. A side he first made public a few weeks agowhen he told his aunt, and now guardian, Barbara DiCola, that he was sick and tired of seeing everyone sad all the time. And he had a plan to fix it.“And that was the beginning of it,” said Barbara. “That’s where the adventure began.”Jaden asked his aunt Barbara to buy a bunch of little toys and bring him to downtown Savannah, Georgia near where he lives, so he could give them away.Jaden targeted people who weren’t already smiling and then turned their day around. He’d go out on four different occasions now and he was always successful. Even if sometimes he didn’t get exactly the reaction he was hoping for.It was just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy — expecting nothing in return — except a smile.“I’m counting on it to be 33, 000,” said Jaden. When asked if he thought he could make that goal, he answered, “I think I can.”31. Why did Jaden give the toys to other people?A. Because he wanted to fix the toys.B. Because he wanted to see more people.C. Because he wanted to give the toys away.D. Because he wanted to make people happy.32. What can we learn from the passage?A. Jaden lived with his aunt.B. Jaden targeted people who were not happy.C. Jaden got nothing he wanted all the time.D. Jaden was sick and tired of seeing everyone.33. Which of the following words can best describe Jaden?A. Helpful and impatient.B. Creative and tricky.C. Optimistic and courageous.D. Ambitious and greedy.BTesla’s lifestyle products tend to cash in on the brand appeal of the electric carmaker and its very publicly engaged chief manager Elon Musk, and the new Tesla Wireless Charger is no exception. It is not for the car, but for the cellphone.The device, which is sold on Tesla’s website alongside hats and the company’s existing desktop and portable chargers, is a small, Apple-like device that costs $65. It has an integrated USB-C cable for when you want to plug it directly into your device, and a USB-A port for non-USB-C devices. You can get it in black or white, but it only comes with 6,000mAh of juice and 5W of output charging (The wired charging method gets you 7.5W).For about half the price, you can get Anker’s 10,000mAh Power Core charger, which has 12W of output charging but no wireless charging capabilities. For $50, you can get an RAV Power 10,400mAh wireless charger with 10W of output.Of course, nobod y is really buying this for the functions. They’re buying it because it has a Tesla logo on it and it looks really nice, which is totally fair for $65 and the ease of use wireless charging allows. It’s not a bad purchase for a big Tesla fan.34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. A Wired Charging MethodB. A New Wireless ChargerC. A New Tesla CarD. A New Apple Device35. If you spend $32.5, you can get ___________________.A. a desktopB. a Tesla wireless chargerC. an RAV Power wireless chargerD. an Anker’s 10,000mAh Power Core charger36. A new wireless charger has _____________.A. 12W of output chargingB. 10W of output chargingC. 5W of output chargingD. 7.5W of output charging37. Where is the passage most probably from?A. A literary essay.B. A science report.C. A historical novel.D. A sale website.CNew study shows rapid decline in insect populations. A growing number of the Earth's insect population now can be seen only in collections on exhibitions. Nobody's seen those for 400 years. A new review of over 70 studies of insect populations suggests that human pressures are causing insect populations to plummet by as much as a quarter every decade. The loss of species is inevitably concerning because often we don’t know what those species are doing or we don’t know what other species are depending on the m.Plummet n.骤降，铅垂线，v. 快速落下，陡直落下Insects make up the largest class of animals on earth and represent more than half of all known living creatures. They are incredibly diverse, and in many ways make life on Earth possible. But when we decrease the number of species, we're destroying ecosystem function. Why does that matter? It is because that it's ecosystems that support humans. But those life-support systems that keep us alive, even if we live in a city, are produced by healthy ecosystems. And none of these ecosystems will run well without insects. Bees and butterflies pollinate(授粉) our food, flowers and trees. They feed all kinds of larger animals, including humans. A large number of crops we eat and rely on are pollinated by insects, so we can’t imagine a world where that pollination process is not taking place.And there are some cases already around the world where we are having to pollinate by hand, at huge cost, a huge economic cost, simply because the insects aren’t there to do the work that we would normally ask them to do for free. And in some cases, if you’re talking about food crops, just try to imagine the scale of what the world would look like if insects weren't doing that for us. One big warning, all of the studies come from industrialized countries in Europe and North America. In some areas, the decline is even more rapid. According to one recent study, the number of ground insects in Puerto Rico has fallen by 98% over the last 35 years. A growing body of research shows that insects are declining about twice as fast as vertebrates.The researchers predict that all insect species could be gone in a century in these industrialized countries.38. What does the underlined word “plummet” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Reduce.B. Increase.C. Disappear.D. Raise.39. We can learn from Paragraph 2 and 3 that ______________.A. we can make a big profit by pollinating by handB. insects have no impact on industrial developmentC. pollinating by hand can replace pollinating by insectsD. insects account for the largest composition in the entire animal kingdom40. What’s the author’s attitude towards the phenomenon mentioned in the news?A. Unclear.B. Concerned.C. Suspicious.D. Critical.41. The author helps readers better understand his idea mainly by __________.A. using research resultsB. making comparisonsC. giving some examplesD. telling personal stories31．D 32．B 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．C 37．D 38．A 39．D 40．B 41．C。
2020年北京市门头沟区新桥路中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案
2020年北京市门头沟区新桥路中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's time to put your two-wheeler to good use on these fun bike paths — each varying in distance and difficulty. Just choose one fit for you.• Paulinskill Valley TrailCheck out Paulinskill Valley Trail, filled with forests, wetlands, and small townsalong this 25- mile route. While the trail is mostly flat, you can do a quick ride. You're likely to catch sight of beautiful birds, considering more than 100 species find a home in the land near the path. Check out the trail in the fall - prime time for pretty sights.•AlaHele MakalaeOn theislandofKaui, you'll find a bike path with lots of beachy views that'll leave you feeling accomplished yet calm. The name translates to “The Path that Goes By Coast,” and, as you might guess, the seven-mile path hugs the shoreline. Start early enough and you'll witness an incredible sunrise to make it even more amazing,• TheCheaha RouteThis ride covers up to 126 miles, with steep climbs and extreme downhills along the way. So prepare for a thrilling ride - one that’s not necessarily for the inexperienced or those looking for an easy, casual ride. Along the route, you'll pedal through five towns. The journey is worth it, though, because you get some of the most scenic views in the state.• The Whitefish TrailFamous for its countless route options, whether you’re a new biker looking for smooth tracks or you have more experience and want to play around on rocky, more technical land, this bike path brings in lots of visitors. The 43-mile route offers beautiful green scenery. Around every comer, you’ll see a new jaw-dropping landscape, from glassy lakes to green mountains.1. When is the best time to visit Paulinskill Valley Trail?A. In Autumn.B. All year round.C. On early mornings.D. On sunny days.2. Which route is not fit for someone new to cycling?A. The Whitefish Trail.B. Ala Hele Makalae.C. Paulinskill Valley Trail.D. TheCheaha Route.3. What's the common feature of the four routes?A. They are full of challenges.B. Various route options are offered.C. They have beautiful scenery.D. Different species can be found there.BOnce small farmers in Masii, a remote village in Kenya, have picked their crops, all they can do is wait until a buyer trucks through. The system works fairly well for beans and corn, but mangoes-the area’s other main crop-spoil (腐烂) more quickly. If the trader is late, they rot.However, a simple coating could change that. A company, SmartTech, has created a product that doubles the shelf life of fresh produce, enabling farmers to access far-off, larger markets. More time forfresh produce on grocers’ shelves also means less food waste-a $2.6 trillion problem, according to the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).James Rogers, CEO of SmartTech, wanted to solve the problem for food much in the same way that oxide barriers preventing rust (锈) have achieved for steel. Fortunately, researchers have found when plants made the jump from water to land, they developed cutin(蜡质), a barrier which is made of fatty acids that link together to form a seal around the plant, helping keep water in.The cutin was such a grand strategy that today you’ll still find it across the plant kingdom. SmartTech discovered through researches that an orange can last longer than a strawberry not so much because of the thickness of its skin, but because of the difference in the arrangement of those cutin molecules (分子)on the surface. After extensive trials, Rogers and his team developed a natural and tasteless protective coating from plant material-stems, leaves and skins. The product extends the sweet spot between ripening and rot. And best of all, the treated produce doesn’t require refrigeration.“SmartTech has huge potential to turn poor farmers in Africa into commercial farmers,” says Rogers. “That means more money in pockets, and more food in stomachs.” But whether the company can cost-effectively reach small farmers in far-off areas still remains a challenge.4. The author mentions the small farmers in Kenya to ________.A. stress their need for preserving produceB. show their challenge in harvesting cropsC. express their wish to reach larger marketsD. evaluate their loss caused by slow transport5. What can we learn about SmartTech’s product?A. It is financially supported by FAO.B. It is intended to replace refrigeration.C. It is designed to thicken produce’s skin.D. It is based on plants’own defence system.6. What will James Rogers probably focus on next?A. How to expand farms.B. How to earn more money.C. How to produce more tasty food.D. How to profit farmers in remote area.7. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.A. promote a productB. present a technologyC. advertise SmartTechD. introduce James RogersCSome years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer. He apologized for lack of training, but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conrady's Applied Optics and Optical Design, one for his office and a second for his bedside table, he was hired on the spot. Perhaps the story will be repeated some day with Buchdahl's Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered as ‘black boxes’, although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties. Buchdahl's book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics, but it is not about how to design lenses. It is, however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written with the lens designer's needs very much in mind. Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems. Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory, as such, has made little direct contribution to techniques for optical instrument design. The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance. The indirect effects have been large, however, both in contributing to an understanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing theway to other, more practical, theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist, but as one who with a knowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory. Buchdahl's approach has, over the last decade, had a major impact on modern lens design with computers. Thus, he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book to be non-mathematical, and indeed it might be so viewed by a professional mathematician. From the point of view of many physicists and engineers, it will appear to be quite mathematical. Moreover, this is a tightly written book. The subject matter is developed with precision, and the author expects the reader, at very point, to be master of the preceding exposition.8. Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of ______.A. newer finding related to the wave particle nature of lightB. very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designersC. too much mathematical detail in the theoryD. not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters9. The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to ______.A. the students who are major in mathematical geometryB. those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systemsC. the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designsD. those who are interested in physics10. The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is ______.A. indirect ways of learning mathematicsB. a fundamental power within the theoryC. the conceptual elegance of the theoryD. the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems11. This passage is probably excerpted from ______.A. a review of a bookB. a chemistry textbookC. an optician's essayD. a general science textDThe idea came to him when he least expected it. Alvin Irby was at a barbershop when he saw one of his former students sitting in the shop with a bored look on his face. That’s when Irby realized that by pairingbarbershops and books, he might be able to inspire young boys to read.Alvin Irby, a former kindergarten and first-grade teacher, knows how important it is for young children to read. He also knows that young boys in particular often don’t have adult male role models who inspire them to read. “Many young boys may literally never see a man reading in school during the years when they’re learning to read because there are so few male elementary school teachers,” Irby toldMashable.That’s where the barbershops come in. Four years ago, Irby launched Barbershop Books as a way to not just get books into the hands of young boys, but also to create community reading spaces in a place where kids go frequently. Since itsinceptionin 2013, the program has created kid-friendly reading spaces in 50 barbershops in 12 states throughout the United States.Irby isn’t the first person to see the connection between barbershops and books and boys. Hair stylist Courtney Holmes, launched a program a few years ago offering free haircuts to kids as long as they read to him while he cuts their hair.That’s the kind of environment that Irby wants to promote with his program. The reading spaces created by Barbershop Books help to spark an interest in books by showing kids that reading is about more than just spelling and vocabulary skills, it’s about making reading a low-stress activity that can help them relax, laugh and have fun.“Our belief is that if we can create positive reading experiences early and often for young boys, then they will choose to read for fun,” Irby noted, adding, “This is really what Barbershop Books is about, getting young boys to say three words: I’m a reader.”12. What happened to Alvin when he was at a barbershop?A. He found it easy for young people to get bored.B. He offered a barbershop to his former student.C. He thought of a way to encourage young readers.D. He realized the importance of reading for young boys.13. What is the function of Barbershop Books?A. To attract more customers who love films.B. To provide free haircuts to book lovers.C. To show the influence of reading on children.D. To create a reading environment fbr children.14. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. reading is a low-stress activity that is relaxingB. Barbershop Books is only suitable for young boysC. Irby attaches great importance to school educationD. Barbershop Books can arouse (引起) young people’s interest in reading15. What does the underlined word “inception” in the 3rdparagraph mean?A. discovery.B. success.C. popularity.D. beginning.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020北京高考英语一模主城区语法填空汇总 带答案 校对版
2020海淀一模AAt 8,I started taking art lessons 1 (improve) my painting skills. However, later, I found that I focused too much on mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became more distressed when my expectations weren't matched.So, in the 11th Grade, I returned to the basics. On 2___ sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me. Over time, I have been released from the tight control. I have learned that a good painting is not about having perfect technique. In fact, all I need to do is trust my 3___ (create) talents and find moments of joy in life.BIn recent years, trampolining (蹦床)has become a new craze among Chinese youths. Short videos 4___ (show) people's excitement about jumping back and forth on the colourful trampolines are regularly uploaded to social media. Most videos feature teenagers, but adults too have jumped on the trend, hoping to relive their childhood.Compared with soccer, basketball, tennis or any other competitive sports, 5___ various injuries occur from time to time, trampolining is relatively 6 __(safe). However, preparation and safety always come first. You must do warm-up exercises before playing and you can't lose concentration during the movements.CA news report shows that China's urban pet consumer market 7__ (expect) to break through the 200 billion yuan threshold this year. Young people in big cities are the main contributors.Nowadays, with the cost of living rising, young people 8___ (suffer) from greater loneliness and pressure. They are busy working all day in a competitive environment, leaving little time for fun and friends. That may explain 9___ more and more young people are choosing to keep pets 10___ companionship. Apart from relieving loneliness, many scientific studies have shown that keeping a pet reduces stress and may even improve overall health.2020朝阳一模AWith our graduation day around the corner, I was busy preparing presents for my friends. As usual, I walked into the classroom, only 1 (find) a big box standing there. Approaching, I saw my name 2 (write) on it. I was quite shocked when the box 3 (open) and I saw “myself”,a vivid statue, sitting inside smiling up at me. I was at a complete loss for words. It was the most unique, unconventional present in my life.BAnalysis finds Earth’s magnetic(有磁性的) field was in place by at least 3.7 billion years ago, as early life arose.Scientists think that having a magnetic field 4 (make) Earth more friendly to life. The field, 5 is generated by liquid iron moving about in the planet’s core, protects Earth 6 energetic particles(粒子) flowing from the Sun. It helps the planet hold on to its atmosphere and maintain liquid water on its surface.CDo you have a mentor(导师) helping you make decisions in your life? If you do, then you are a very lucky person. 7 if not, then read the book Tuesdays with Morrie.It tells the true story of the author, Mitch Albom, and his dying former professor, Morrie Schwartz. 8 you read this book, you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from Lou Gehrig’s disease. When Mitch visits Morrie every Tuesday, the 78-year-old professor shares words of 9 (wise) about love, life, communication, values, and openness with his former student. As a beautiful tale 10 (deliver) many powerful lessons about life, this book should be high on everyone’s reading list.2020 西城一模AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, 1 ___(hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2____(important) of families. It aims to deepen people’s und erstanding of issues 3_____are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4___(level).BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7___ (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8____ (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei’s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for years to come.” It is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology.2020丰台一模AAt 9 feet tall and weighing about 250 pounds, the ostrich (鸵鸟) is the world’s largest bird. As the myth goes, a frightened ostrich will bury its head in the sand 1 (make) itself invisible to its hunters. If that sounds like a “bird-brained” way to escape danger, you’re right! A ctually, the ostrich plays dead in this way. When this behavior 2 (see) from a distance, the ostrich’s head might not be visible, 3 (give) the false impression that its head is buried.BI picked up the phone, slowly dialing the number to her house. All I could think was 4 we could possibly have a conversation about. Nothing! I didn’t think I could have anything in common with the person 5 is 50 years older than me. “Your grandmother won’t be around forever,” my mom said, so I just did what she told me and called my grandmother. What I didn’t know was that the phone call 6 (change) my attitude to life.CTen years ago, people bought electric vehicles (EVs) to reduce their carbon footprint. 7 the limited range and high price made EVs something of a rare sight on roads. A lot can change in a decade. Advances in battery technology8 (mean) electric cars now travel much further on a single charge. Government grants (补贴) serve to draw buyers away from gasoline-powered cars. The change will have a huge impact 9 life. Roads will become far 10 (quiet) and pollution levels will be reduced quickly, potentially leading to improved quality of life.2020 延庆一模AIn the early 1800s, Stanislas Baudry built public baths in the center of a town in France. Toencourage people to come, Baudry drove a large vehicle around to give people a ride to the baths. He called the vehicle an omnibus, 1 is a Latin word meaning “for everyone”. Then he 2 (notice) that many passengers would get off at stops during the journey to the baths. So Baudry shifted the focus of his omnibus service. He created a permanent route for passengers 3 (board) and get off. Eventually, the omnibus became known 4 (simple) as a bus.BIn the film Frozen 2, Elsa and Anna are sisters who live in a kingdom called Arendella. Elsa is born 5 special powers that allow her to create ice and snow. Elsa’s powers are considered dangerous, 6 she must hide them. Eventually she loses control and changes summer to winter. Then Elsa flees from home, and Anna goes on a dangerous journey to find her sister. Along the way, Anna teams up with a man 7 (name) Kristof and his reindeer（驯鹿）)Sven. A talking snowman, Olaf also accompanies them. In the end, it’s Anna’s love for her sister that saves the day.CAccording to the World Wildlife Fund, only about 3,890 tigers are left in the wild. India is home to 70 percent of them, and its role in 8 (ensure) the big cat’s survival can’t be understated. Tiger numbers in India are believed to have dropped from about 40,000 at the beginning of the 9 （19）century to just 1,800 in the early 1970s, when India launched the conservation program Project Tiger. Kanha was one of the original nine 10 (reserve) set up under that program.2020门头沟一模ABasketball hero Kobe Bryant's death has drawn an outpouring of shock and sadness across China. Basketball fans in China are now sad after learning that the former Los Angeles Lakers' 18-time NBA All Star had died at the age of 41 in a helicopter crash 1 Sunday in California. Bryant was among nine people on board, 2 (include) his 13-year-old daughter Gianna, who all died in the disaster 3 occurred in the heavy fog.BThe shadow puppet play Monkey King and Coronavirus( 冠状病毒), 4 (create) by the Beijing Longzaitian Shadow Puppet Theater, 5 (broadcast) online since February 14 with nearly 5 million hits on the Internet. In the show, the Monkey King hears about the novel coronavirus outbreak, so 6 (him) goes to Wuhan, the capital city of Central China's Hubei province 7 (fight) the disease.CLocated(locate) in the southern part of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex of fine cultural buildings set in gardens and surrounded by historic pine woods. It has been one of the most significant 8 (place) for the whole country for more than five centuries. It 9 (serve) as a complex of sacrificial buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors, and is the 10 (large) one in Beijing among several royal sites.2020密云一模ATu Youyou was awarded a Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin, a life-saving drug for malaria 1 December 7th, 2015. Tu Youyou majored in medicine in university and later studied Chinese medicine with experts in the field. In 1969, Tu Youyou 2 (give) the mission to set up a team to find a cure for malaria. When worldwide scientists failed to find a cure using modern chemicals, Tu Youyou turned to Chinese herbs for help. Despite their limited resources and hundreds of failed experiments, they found a possible chemical. In order to test the medicine, Tu Youyou and her team, 3 tested the medicine on their own bodies, finally discovered the most effective drug to cure the disease.BI recommend a well-known Chinese book 4 (title) The Ordinary World to you. The book was written by a famous Chinese writer, Lu Yao. It centers on the life and destinies of three families of Sun, Tian and Jin in a village. It pictures the tough process of building up a better and 5 (wealthy) life during the very beginning of reform and openness in China. 6 (read) the book, you will be greatly affected by the courage and spirit of the main characters.CQingming Festival-it is also called tomb-sweeping day. It 7 (fall) on April 4th or 5th. That is a special day for the living 8 (show) love and respect to their dead friends or relatives. More importantly, it is a period to honour and pay respect to one's deceased ancestors and family members. The Qingming Festival is a major 9 (tradition) Chinese festival. The major custom in Qingming Festival is tomb, sweeping. Not only is it a day in memory of the dead, it is also a festival for people to enjoy 10 (they) such as taking a spring outing, flying kites.2020平谷一模2020顺义一模海淀一模：1. to improve 2. a 3. creative4. showing5. where6. safer7.is expected8. are suffering 9. why 10. for朝阳一模：1．to find 2．written/was written 3．was opened/opened 4．Makes 5．which6．from 7．But 8．As/When/Once/If/After9．wisdom 10．delivering2020 西城一模1．is held 2．importance 3．that/which 4．levels 5．recorded 6．in 7．precisely 8．using 9．will shape 10．faster2020丰台一模答案：1. to make2. is seen3. giving4. what5. who/ that6. would change/ was going to change7. But/ Yet8. mean9. on 10. Quieter2020延庆一模答案：1.which2. noticed3. to board4. simply5.with6. so7. named8. ensuring9. 19th 10. reserves2020门头沟一模答案：1. on2. including3. that/which4. created5. has been broadcast6. he7. to fight8.placesrgest2020密云一模答案：1. on2. was given3. that/who4. titled5. wealthier6. reading7. falls8. to show9.traditional 10. themselves2020平谷一模答案：1. cities；2. to carry；3. what；4. connecting；5. went；6. where；7. traditional；8. by；9. them；10. has become/becomes；2020顺义一模答案：1. learned/ learnt；2. on/at；3. who/that；4. what；5. easier；6. ourselves；7. mountains；8. Located；9.rises；10. enjoying；。
北京市2020年高考英语一模试卷及答案
高三统一测试英语本试卷共11 页，120 分。
考试时长100 分钟。
考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, 1 (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issues 3 are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4 (level).BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei’s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for years to come.” It is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology.第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2020北京城区高考英语一模考试阅读C篇汇总学生版
2020城区高三英语一模C篇阅读汇总2020西城一模CStore owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into their stores and purchasing their goods. Even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscientists (神经科学家) are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out what is going through a consumer’s brain at each point in the decision process.We consumers overspend due to the fact that we have a fear of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money. Normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前额皮层) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we don’t actually need yet.Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and it’s shaped by emotion. Emotion—whether good or bad—enhances the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the brain. So hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song. These kinds of memories are brought back even more easily by sensory input. This might be why we are often greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month.Wherever you purchase gifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for the label because we’re buying gifts. Receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.” And it makes sense. If two things seem pretty much the same, how do I know which to choose? Humans have survived as a social species, and we have to rely on each other. So when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is often a predictor of that), then there must be a reason.Much of our holiday spending is driven by unplanned purchases. Plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and you’ll feel good about your purchaseslater. Before you blow your budget this season, remember that your brain might be fooling you into that next purchase.38.From Paragraph 2, we learn that .A.the prefrontal cortex is the calculation centerB.the common consumers always act unreasonablyC.the sight of flashy deal signs may fill consumers with fearD.the advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thing39.According to Paragraph 3, which of the following can work on consumers?A. Creating a festival atmosphere.B. Following the current fashion.C. Preparing more free samples.D. Offering a bigger discount.40. Why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday?A. They are more reliable.B. They are a sign of social status.C. They make people feel valued.D. They are favored by most people.41. To avoid overspending, the author suggests we .A. buy in the momentB. reduce our budgetC. return unnecessary productsD. make a plan in advance2020延庆一模CNo longer in the pinkCorals are comeback creatures. As the world froze and melted and sea levels rose and fell over 30,000 years, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, which is roughly the size of Italy, died and revived five times. But now, thanks to human activity, corals face the most complex condition they have yet had to deal with.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change, a rise in global temperatures of 1.5o C could cause coral reefs to decline 70-90%. The planet is about 1o C hotter than in the 19th century and its seas are becoming warmer, stormier and more acidic. This is already affecting relations between corals and the single-celled algae (海藻), which give them their color. When waters become unusually warm, algae float away, leaving reefs a ghostly white. This “bleaching” is happening five times as often as it did in the 1970s. Meanwhile the changing chemistry of the oceans makes it harder for corals to form their structures.If corals go, divers and marine biologists are not the only people who will miss them. Reefs take up only a percent of the sea floor, but support a quarter of the planet’s fish diversity. The fish that reefs shelter are especially valuable to their poorest human neighbors, many of whom depend on them as a source of protein. Roughly an eighth of the world’s population lives within 100km of a reef. Corals also protect 150,000km of shoreline in more than 100 countries and territories fromthe oceans buffeting, as well as generating billions of dollars in tourism revenue.Coral systems must adapt if they are to survive. They need protection from local sources of harm. Their eco-systems suffer from waste from farms, building sites and blast fishing. Governments need to impose tighter rules on these industrials, such as tougher local building codes, and to put more effort into enforcing rules against overfishing.Setting up marine protected areas could also help reefs. Locals who fear for their livelihoods could be given work as rangers with the job of looking after the reserves. Visitors to marine parks can be required to pay a special tax, like what has been done in the Caribbean.Many reefs that have been damaged could benefit from restoration. Coral’s biodiversity offers hope, because the same coral will grow differently under different conditions. Corals of the western Pacific, for example, can withstand higher temperatures than the same species in the eastern Pacific, which proves a way forward to encourage corals to grow in new spots.38. According to the passage, what may happen to corals when waters become warm?A. Turning whiteB. Getting pinkC. Being activeD. Becoming colorful39. According to the passage,corals can _______ the changing in the nature.A. live withB. escape fromC. die inD. recovery from40. According to Paragraph 4, the governments should__________.A. carry out stricter rules on industries around the coastB. call on volunteers to look after the marine reservesC. reduce the number of visitors to the marine parksD. ban people from fishing in the coral reef areas41. What’s the main purpose of the passage?A. To present the importance of coral reef to the world.B. To introduce the severe effect on coral reef brought by climate change.C. To propose governments to take action immediately to save coral reef.D. To attract more attention to coral reef protection.2020门头沟一模CNew study shows rapid decline in insect populations. A growing number of the Earth's insect population now can be seen only in collections on exhibitions. Nobody's seen those for 400 years. A new review of over 70 studies of insect populations suggests that human pressures are causing insect populations to plummet by as much as a quarter every decade. The loss of species is inevitably concerning because often we don’t know what those species are doing or we don’t know what other species are depending on them.Insects make up the largest class of animals on earth and represent more than half of all known living creatures. They are incredibly diverse, and in many ways make life on Earth possible. But when we decrease the number of species, we're destroying ecosystem function. Why does that matter? It is because that it's ecosystems that support humans. But those life-support systems that keep us alive, even if we live in a city, are produced by healthy ecosystems. And none of these ecosystems will run well without insects. Bees and butterflies pollinate(授粉) our food, flowers and trees. They feed all kinds of larger animals, including humans. A large number of crops we eat and rely on are pollinated by insects, so we can’t imagine a world where that pollination process is not taking place.And there are some cases already around the world where we are having to pollinate by hand, at huge cost, a huge economic cost, simply because the insects aren’t there to do the work that we would normally ask them to do for free. And in some cases, if you’re talking about food crops, just try to imagine the scale of what the world would look like if insects weren't doing that for us. One big warning, all of the studies come from industrialized countries in Europe and North America. In some areas, the decline is even more rapid. According to one recent study, the number of ground insects in Puerto Rico has fallen by 98% over the last 35 years. A growing body of research shows that insects are declining about twice as fast as vertebrates.The researchers predict that all insect species could be gone in a century in these industrialized countries.38. What does the underlined word “plummet” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Reduce.B. Increase.C. Disappear.D. Raise.39. We can learn from Paragraph 2 and 3 that ______________.A. we can make a big profit by pollinating by handB. insects have no impact on industrial developmentC. pollinating by hand can replace pollinating by insectsD. insects account for the largest composition in the entire animal kingdom40. What’s the author’s attitude towards the phenomenon mentioned in the news?A. Unclear.B. Concerned.C. Suspicious.D. Critical.41. The author helps readers better understand his idea mainly by __________.A. using research resultsB. making comparisonsC. giving some examplesD. telling personal stories2020密云一模CA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks."It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sun of a bunch of individual components (元件) , "said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago. his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. "The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own, " he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. "The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well. but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to, " said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around, " he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. "You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead, " he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis."38. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that.A. they had no ready-made componentsB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no model in their mindD. they could no assemble the components39. It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly.A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can collect information from many sourcesC. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeD. has been put into wide application40. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Wood's design can replace animals in some experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.41. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect StudyD. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect2020平谷一模CWhy is poverty so difficult to overcome? Why are poorer people less likely to invest in their own learning and ability development, but more likely to be addicted to television and video games?In the past, a poor person was normally considered to have bad character or have no ambition. Banerjee corrects such views and explains the economics behind the poor. Poor people tend to live with more worries in their lives, he said, so they need tools such as televisions, cell phones, junk food and video games to relieve worries more than others. But investment in learning often takes a long time to get rewards, while the poor are often impatient due to economic reasons, and their life in the meantime is getting more worrisome and boring.That goes for health. Banerjee and his wife find that the poor spend the same amount of money and time, or even more on health and medical care than the middle class group, but they tend to get bad effects. The reason is that the poor often lack the essential medical and healthy knowledge and they tend to get medical treatment when the disease has worsened to a certain stage. Besides, they tend to trust the doctors who “give strong medicine” because they believe such doctors are the “good” ones. But in fact, “ strong medicine” always leads to resistance to drugs and overtreatment. This kind of attitude, which emphasizes treatment rather than early prevention, has brought many poor people more economic stress and physical damage, and even has affected the education of their next generation. According to the study, children in poorer physical condition tend to spend less time in school and have lower incomes after graduation, so poverty gets “inherited”.When it comes to finance, Banerjee’ s research has found that the poor often need to borrow little and short-term loans while paying extremely high interest rates. It is also because the poor tend to take higher financial risks — they often have unstable incomes and are unable to get working capital from banks, so they rely more on these high-interest loans. And these small loans put a brake on their savings against risks.How could the poor step into the middle class? Maybe starting a business is a way out. But for the extremely poor, it’ s impossible to get the capital they need to start a business. In most cases, a more practical option is getting a job in government agencies because comparatively speaking, government jobs are very stable, which give the poor the opportunities to be hired for the long term, to increase the range of their thinking and thus enabling families to move from poverty to the middle class.Banerjee’ s research provides a new perspective for governments to understand poverty, so that policies can be tailored to decrease poverty and ultimately eliminate(消除) it.38. How do the poor deal with the issue of health?A. They spend less money in preventing disease.B. They focus more on the diseases than early prevention.C. They usually think it essential to resist strong medicine.D. They are willing to get free medical treatment from the government.39. From the underlined sentence, we can learn that .A. poverty is produced by the poorB. poverty is passed down by their parentsC. poverty has some bad effects on the poorD. poverty causes people to bear more economic stress40. Banerjee considers it difficult to overcome poverty because .A. the poor have bad character or have no ambitionB. the poor prefer to invest in business rather than workC. the government hasn’ t taken proper and effective measureD. the poor were troubled by their lives, health and finance41. What can we learn from the passage?A. The poor have attached importance to education.B. The government can’ t provide the jobs for the poor.C. All the poor need to start a business for their survival.D. Banerjee’ s research is helpful for the government to rid of poverty.2020石景山一模CIn 1888 an Egyptian farmer digging in the sand near the village of Istabl Antar uncovered a mass tomb. The bodies weren’t human. They were feline—ancient cats that had been mummified and buried in holes in astonishing numbers. “Not one or two here and there”, reported English Illustrated Magazine, “but dozens, hundreds, hundreds of thousands, a layer of them, a layer thicker than most coal joints, ten to twenty cats deep.” Some of the linen-wrapped cats still looked presentable, and a few even had golden faces. Village children peddled the best ones to tourists for change; the rest were sold as fertilizer (肥料). One ship transported about 180,000, weighing some 38, 000 pounds, to Liverpool to be spread on the fields of England.Those were the days of generously funded (资助的) explorations—that dragged through acres of desert in their quest for royal tombs, and for splendid gold and painted masks to decorate the museums of Europe and America. The many thousands of mummified animals that turned up at religious sites throughout Egypt were just things to be cleared away to get treasure. Few people studied them, and their importance was generally unrecognized.In the century since then, archaeology (考古学) has become less of a treasure hunt and more of a science. Archaeologists now realize that much of their sites’ wealth lies in the majority of details about ordinary folks—what they did, what they thought, how they prayed. And animal mummies are a big part of that.“They’re really displays of daily life,” says Egyptologist Salima Ikram. After looking beneath bandages with x-rays and cataloguing her findings, she created a gallery for the collection—a bridge between people today and those of long ago. “You look at these mummified animals, and suddenly you say, Oh, King So-and-So had a pet. I have a pet. And instead of being at a distance of 5,000-plus years, the ancient Egyptians become clearer and closer to us.”38. The underlined word “peddled” in Paragraph 1 probably means .A. examinedB. displayedC. replacedD. shared39. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Treasure hunting explorations.B. Egyptian Royal tombs in desert.C. Mummified animals in museums.D. Big archaeological discoveries.40. From the last paragraph, we can learn that Salima Ikram .A. wishes to keep the continuity of pets over historyB. wants to identify the King’s personal belongings and classify themC. believes that studying the remains can help modern society relate to the pastD. doubts if current society will understand the significance of Egyptian remains41. The passage probably encourages the readers to .A. make full use of the remains the ancestors left behindB. become more sensitive to the ancient lifestyle of the ancestorsC. pay more attention to the historical and cultural value of ancient remainsD. understand there are more the historical remains waiting for explorations2020西城一模答案：38. C39．A40．C 41．D2020延庆一模答案：38. A 39. A 40. A 41. D2020门头沟一模答案：38. A 39．D 40．B 41．C2020密云一模答案：38-41ACB D2020平谷一模答案：38. B；39. B；40. D；41. D；2020石景山一模答案：38．B39．A40．C41．C。
英语_2020年北京市门头沟区高考英语一模试卷含答案
2020年北京市门头沟区高考英语一模试卷第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空．在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空．1.ABasketball hero Kobe Bryant's death has drawn an outpouring of shock and sadness across China． Basketball fans in China are now sad after learning that the former Los Angeles Lakers' 18﹣time NBA All Star had died at the age of 41 in a helicopter crash（1）________ Sunday in California． Bryant was among nine people on board，（2）________（include）his 13﹣year﹣old daughter Gianna， who all died in the disaster（3）________occurred inthe heavy fog．BThe shadow puppet play Monkey King and Coronavirus（冠状病毒），（4）________ （create）by the Beijing Longzaitian Shadow Puppet Theater，（5）________ （broadcast） online since February 14 with nearly 5 million hits on the internet． In the show， the Monkey King hears about the novel coronavirus outbreak， so （6）________（him） goes to Wuhan， the capital city of Central China's Hubei province（7）________（fight） the disease．CLocated in the southern part of Beijing， the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex of fine cultural buildings set in gardens and surrounded by historic pine woods． It has been one of the most significant（8）________ （place） for the whole country for more than five centuries． It（9）________（serve） as a complex of sacrificial buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors， and is the（10）________（large） one in Beijing among several royal sites．第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）2. I'm Robin Woods． I'm always the first to make a good joke and （1）_______ my work away at the end of the day． But somehow I'm（2）_______ the first to be picked for teams and plays． I have always been the outcast, （3）_______ and alone．"This year our play will be the story of Robin Hood and his Merry Men, " our teacher, Miss Goody, （4）_______the whole class． "Who would like to be Robin Hood? " I（5）_______my hand up into the air． Of course everybody wanted the biggest and best part, especially bossy Bradley．"（6）_______ for a part and I'll test you on Monday and decide who will be best for each part, " said Miss Goody, handing out pages of the script．"…And of course we'll need lots of trees to be the forest．""You'll be a little baby bush…, " Bradley （7）_______ me． "Or a teeny﹣tiny leaf．"I（8）_______him and took a copy of the Robin Hood words and began my practicing on the way home．On Monday I did some brilliant acting and I remembered all my（9）_______． I got the part． Bradley got the part of Little John． Becky was one of the ladies﹣in﹣waiting． Jordan was the minstrel（吟游艺人）, who told the （10）_______ in song with alittle strum of the guitar every now and then．We had three weeks to learn our parts． Becky offered to（11）_______with me． She played Little John's part and gave me （12）_______ on fighting． Bradley, who still really wanted to be Robin Hood, often came over to watch． He seemed to be waiting for me to make mistakes． I felt （13）_______ , with knocking knees and cold feet． But I was determined to be the best Robin Hood ever． I had got the part of a hero and a hero I shall be． At home, Granddad came to help me． He could play the guitar and even made up a minstrel dance． He was really getting into the minstrel's （14）_______, which cheered me up and made learning my part much easier and funny．In the final dress rehearsal that afternoon, Bradley was really getting carried away in that fighting﹣to﹣get﹣across﹣the﹣river （15）_______． He was shouting louder and louder and pushing harder and harder until he lost his （16）_______ and fell off the bridge． He had hurt his ankle! Worse still, Jordan had got a flu． Probably we had to（17）_______thatnight's performance for it was just impossible to find two new actors who could learn the parts before（18）_______ and, most importantly, could play the guitar．Girls wailed and sobbed． Boys sighed and shuffled their feet．It was I that put forward a （19）_______ : Granddad could play the part of theminstrel, Becky did the part of Little John and Carly could have her part as lady﹣in﹣waiting． Miss Goody sighed with relief． Everybody burst into tears of joy．The performance that night was a great success． I felt like a （20）_______．（1）A tidyB throwC pushD drag（2）A sometimesB frequentlyC alwaysD never（3）A unattendedB unassistedC unwantedD unmoved（4）A taughtB gatheredC dismissedD lectured（5）A seizedB trembledC shotD shook（6）A Look outB Try outC Stand outD Speak out（7）A blamedB threatenedC teasedD cheated（8）A admiredB abusedC respectedD ignored（9）A storiesB textsC passagesD lines（10）A taleB truthC resultD difference（11）A danceB singC performD practice（12）A knivesB tipsC gunsD signals（13）A nervousB disappointedC importantD honored（14）A partB teamC bandD house（15）A accidentB incidentC sceneD event（16）A swordB stickC positionD balance（17）A cancelB giveC improveD evaluate（18）A dawnB duskC middayD midnight（19）A theoryB solutionC budgetD principle（20）A directorB composerC heroD teacher第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）3.It is every kid's worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived it-twice. Firstly, he lost his dad when he was four and then last month his mom died unexpectedly in her sleep. "I tried and I tried and I tried to get her awake—I couldn't," said Jaden. Jaden was understandably heartbroken.But there was another side to his grief. A side he first made public a few weeks ago when he told his aunt, and now guardian, Barbara DiCola, that he was sick and tired of seeing everyone sad all the time. And he had a plan to fix it."And that was the beginning of it," said Barbara. "That's where the adventure began."Jaden asked his aunt Barbara to buy a bunch of little toys and bring him to downtown Savannah, Georgia near where he lives, so he could give them away."I'm trying to make people smile" said Jaden.Jaden targeted people who weren't already smiling and then turned their day around. He'dgo out on four different occasions now and he was always successful. Even if sometimes he didn't get exactly the reaction he was hoping for.It was just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy—expecting nothing in return—except a smile."I'm counting on it to be 33,000," said Jaden. When asked if he thought he could make that goal, he answered, "I think I can."（1）Why did Jaden give the toys to other people?A Because he wanted to fix the toys.B Because he wanted to see morepeople. C Because he wanted to give the toys away. D Because he wanted to make people happy.（2）What can we learn from the passage?A Jaden lived with his aunt.B Jaden targeted people who were not happy.C Jaden got nothing he wanted all the time.D Jaden was sick and tired of seeing everyone.（3）Which of the following words can best describe Jaden?A Helpful and impatient.B Creative and tricky.C Optimistic andcourageous. D Ambitious and greedy.4. Tesla's lifestyle products tend to cash in on the brand appeal of the electric carmakerand its very publicly engaged chief manager Elon Musk, and the new Tesla Wireless Charger is no exception． It is not for the car, but for the cellphone．The device, which is sold on Tesla's website alongside hats and the company's existing desktop and portable chargers, is a small, Apple﹣like device that costs ﹩65． It has an integrated USB﹣C cable for when you want to plug it directly into your device, and a USB﹣A port for non﹣USB﹣C devices． You can get it in black or white, but it only comes with6, 000mAh of juice and 5W of output charging （The wired charging method gets you 7.5W）． For about half the price, you can get Anker's 10, 000mAh Power Core charger, which has12W of output charging but no wireless charging capabilities． For ﹩50, you can get an RAV Power 10, 400mAh wireless charger with 10W of output．Of course, nobody is really buying this for the functions． They're buying it because it hasa Tesla logo on it and it looks really nice, which is totally fair for﹩65 and the ease of use wireless charging allows． It's not a bad purchase for a big Tesla fan．（1）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？________A A Wired Charging MethodB A New Wireless ChargerC A New Tesla CarD ANew Apple Device．（2）If you spend ﹩32.5， you can get________．A a desktopB a Tesla wireless chargerC an RAV Power wireless chargerD an Anker's 10，000mAh Power Core charger．（3）A new wireless charger has________．A 12W of output chargingB 10W of output chargingC 5W of outputcharging D 7.5W of output charging．（4）Where is the passage most probably from？________A A literary essay．B A science report．C A historical novel．D A sale website．5. New study shows rapid decline in insect populations． A growing number of the Earth's insect population now can be seen only in collections on exhibitions． Nobody's seen those for 400 years． A new review of over 70 studies of insect populations suggests that human pressures are causing insect populations to ________ by as much as a quarter every decade． The loss of species is inevitably concerning because often we don't know what those species are doing or we don't know what other species are depending on them．Insects make up the largest class of animals on earth and represent more than half of all known living creatures． They are incredibly diverse, and in many ways make life on Earth possible． But when we decrease the number of species, we're destroying ecosystem function． Why does that matter? It is because that it's ecosystems that support humans． But those life﹣support systems that keep us alive, even if we live in a city, are produced by healthy ecosystems． And none of these ecosystems will run well without insects． Bees and butterflies pollinate（授粉） our food, flowers and trees． They feed all kinds of larger animals, including humans． A large number of crops we eat and rely on are pollinated by insects, so we can't imagine a world where that pollination process is not taking place．And there are some cases already around the world where we are having to pollinate by hand, at huge cost, a huge economic cost, simply because the insects aren't there to do the work that we would normally ask them to do for free． And in some cases, if you're talking about food crops, just try to imagine the scale of what the world would look like if insects weren't doing that for us． One big warning, all of the studies come from industrialized countries in Europe and North America． In some areas, the decline is even more rapid． According to one recent study, the number of ground insects in Puerto Rico has fallen by 98% over the last 35 years． A growing body of research shows that insects are declining about twice as fast as vertebrates．The researchers predict that all insect species could be gone in a century in these industrialized countries．（1）What does the underlined word "plummet" in Paragraph 1 probably mean？________ A Reduce． B Increase． C Disappear． D Raise．．（2）We can learn from Paragraph 2 and 3 that________．A we can make a big profit by pollinating by handB insects have no impact on industrial developmentC pollinating by hand can replace pollinating by insectsD insects account for the largest composition in the entire animal kingdom．（3）What's the author's attitude towards the phenomenon mentioned in the news？________A Unclear．B Concerned．C Suspicious．D Critical．．（4）The author helps readers better understand his idea mainly by________．A using research resultsB making comparisonsC giving someexamples D telling personal stories．6. When I re﹣entered the full﹣time work after a decade of running my own business, there was a top thing I was looking forward to: to make friends with the colleagues once again． As a matter of fact, it wasn't until I entered the company that I realized making friends with colleagues wasn't the first at all． It is developing interpersonal relationships at work that is vital, which can not only help overcome a range of problems at work but also promote productivity and the quality of work output．Perhaps my expectations of lunches and chatting with friends were the memory of the last time I was in that kind of office environment． However, as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely satisfying without needing to be the best workmates with the people sitting next to you．In an academic analysis just published in the very influential Journal of Management, researchers have developed the idea of "indifferent relationships", which is a simple term that summarizes the fact that relationships at work can be lessclose, unimportant and even replaceable．Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative． The limited research conducted so far shows they're especially obvious among those who value independence over cooperation, and harmony over disharmony． Indifference is also the preferred choice among those who are socially lazy and regard maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort．As mentioned above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful way in solving problems at work． Even so, there are proven benefits on indifferent relationship． One of them is efficiency． Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and producing． Another is self﹣respect． As human beings, we tend to compare ourselves to each other． Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more than friends． In the process their strengths can raise the sense of self﹣worth． The third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been found to improve critical thinking, enhance people's attention to task solving, and make it easier to gain valuable information．None of those benefits might be as fun as after﹣work socializing but, hey, I'll take it anyway．（1）What did the author realize when he re﹣entered the company？________A Building interpersonal relationships was important．B Making new friends with workmates was not so easy as he had expected．C Developing positive interpersonal relationships helped him find his place．D Working in companies requires more interpersonal skills than self﹣employment．．（2）Which one belongs to indifferent relationships at work according to the passage？________A Being in conflict with workmates in the office．B Spending less time chatting and socializing in the office．C Having deep and meaningful conversations with colleagues．D Being the best mates with the people sitting next to you in the office．．（3）What can be one of the benefits of the indifferent relationships？________A They provide fun at work．B They improve work efficiency．C They help control emotions at work．D They help solve problems during work time．．（4）What's the author's attitude towards indifferent relationships？________A Cautious．B Doubtful．C Approving．D Indifferent．第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．7.How to Automate New Habits So That You'll Keep to ThemAnyone who's tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing： Building new habits isn't easy．（1）_______The good news： There's a solution， and it's called automation．（2）_______For example：If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve， try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week． If you want to do more sports but aren't motivated to go to the gym every day， try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom．That sounds easy．（3）_______"Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement（强化）， which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change，" Kahina Louis， a psychologist， tells Shine．"As you're engaging in gradual steps toward your goals， you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you're making the changes you wanted to make，" she says． "Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement，and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you．"Along with its positive reinforcement， automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference． Though we all love the major successes， the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step．（4）_______ "As you show yourself each small change you've made， you're giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment，" Louis says． "That feeling and self﹣belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change．"（5）_______ Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of theweek to decide when to add new automation． Louis says， "For example： If you knowthat you're always extremely tired after work， then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening．"Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enoughto maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal， try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often﹣like checking your phone or drinking of water． "You might not even realize you're doing it， and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit，" she says．第三部分书面表达（共两节，35 分）第一节（15 分）8. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．你的美国好友Jim 得知美国也发生新冠肺炎，很紧张，发来邮件向你询问应对方法，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1．安慰他不要紧张．2．建议应对方法．3．表达战胜病毒的信心．注意：1．词数不少于 50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．提示词：新冠肺炎：COVID﹣9Dear Jim，____________Yours，Li Hua第二节（20 分）9. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．由于延期开学，你们学校组织了网上授课．请你根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你上网课的过程．注意：词数不少于 60．2020年北京市门头沟区高考英语一模试卷答案1. on,including,that/which,created,has been broadcast,he,to fight,places,served,largest2. ADCBCBCDDADBAACDABBC3. DBC4. BDCD5. ADBC6. ABBC7. B,F,C,E,A8. Dear Jim，How are things going？ I am very glad to receive your e﹣mail． Knowing you are worried about COVID﹣19 in America， I am writing to tell you not to panic because it can be controlled．【高分句型一】（安慰他不要紧张）At this special time， you should not go out often． If you go out， you must wear masks． In addition， you should keep good healthy habits．（建议应对方法）Don't be too worried about the disease． I believe， with the joint efforts all over the world， we will finally defeat it【高分句型二】（表达战胜病毒的信心）Yours，Li Hua9. Last week， school delayed because of fighting with COVID﹣19， we were asked to learn online， which proved to be a meaningful and memorable experience．（网课经历）Last Monday， our teacher informed us of the news that we would delay school and learn online． Hearing that， I determined to learn hard on my own． Although it was a challenging task， we regarded it as a precious opportunity to be more independent．（网上上课的优势）The next morning， hardly had I turned on the computer when our teacher began the broadcast．【高分句型一】 So clearly did he explain the lesson that I nearly felt we were in class as usual， in which we discussed and gave presentations．（亲身体验）Tired as I was after fixing my eyes on the screen for nearly 6 hours， I set down to do my homework． When I had questions， I asked my teachers for help and received timely help．（网上上课的缺点）Having finished all the homework， I took pictures and uploaded them to the internet，hoping to receive the comments as soon as possible． After some time， I got the message from my teacher， who praised me for my excellent performance and gave detailed guidance．（遇到的困难）Despite the difficulties we faced when we were having the classes online， I felt it valuable to do like this to fight with the disease with the people all over the country， even all over the world．【高分句型二】 Only by working together could we not only acquire the knowledge we should master but also defeat the disease．（总结体验）。
2020-2021学年北京市门头沟区新桥路中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020-2021学年北京市门头沟区新桥路中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the weather is bad or when the flu breaks out, we can let the kids do some fun things at home, which can be beneficial to kids.Reading out loudIf your children are young enough, don't forget to read books to them out loud! Few children dislikehaving a good book read to them, and it's great for the development of their brains. However, if your children are a bit older and have moved onto more advanced books, there is always the choice of listening to an audiobook. This can also be done while they're doing something else.Playing board gamesMaybe your children's table is full of board games, which have been forgotten for a long time. It's a good time to bring them out when playing outside is no longer a choice. Surely, playing board games is a great way to connect with children. In addition, many board games are designed to get children thinking!Having a dance partyConsidering that all you need is a speaker or maybe just a phone, you can have a dance party wherever you are! This is a great way to get kids’ bodies moving when they are inside. Play some of your children's favorite music and let them dance to it. Not only is it good exercise, but it will help your children feel time is flying!Doing jigsaw (拼图) puzzlesFor most people that have children, it's common to have at least one jigsaw puzzle at home. Jigsaw puzzles are great because everyone can do them on their own time. Besides, your whole family will have a sense of achievement when everyone is smiling over the finished product.1. What do reading out loud and playing board games have in common?A. They both develop children's team spirit.B. They both improve children's listening ability.C. They both do good to children's thinking ability.D. They both focus on interaction between children.2. Which of the following combines exercise and music?A. Reading out loud.B. Playing board games.C. Doing jigsaw puzzles.D. Having a dance party.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To list four interesting children's parties.B. To recommend four children's favorite books.C. To introduce some activities for children inside.D. To show some funny things for children outside.BDogs are often referred to as “man's best friend”. But MacKenzie, a four-pound Chihuahua (奇瓦瓦狗), who was named winner of the 2020 American Hero Dog competition, is making the world a better place for humans and animals alike. Often called the “Oscars for dogs”, the award recognizes dogs who make great contributions to society.This year's competition attracted over 400 competitors from across the country. While all were impressive, it was tiny MacKenzie who won the judges' hearts. Born at a rescue shelter in Hilton, New York, in 2013, she had a cleft palate (腭裂) that required her to be tube fed for the first year of her life. A life-saving operation, performed in 2014, gave her the ability to eat and drink independently, enabling the tiny dog to focus on doing what she loved most: taking care of others.The seven-year-old Chihuahua is now gainfully “employed” by the Mid Foundation, a Rochester, New York-based non-profit organization that shelters and cares for animals born with disabilities. MacKenzie's official job is “to provide love and care for baby rescue animals born with birth defects”. The Chihuahua is good at her job and hasnurturedmany different species-from puppies to kittens to turkeys, squirrels, birds and even a goat. She acts as their mother and teaches them how to socialize, play, and have good manners.In addition to her role as an animal caretaker, MacKenzie also has the important job of greeting the foundation's volunteers and friends. The incredible dog, who has lost her ability to bark, also visits area schools to help children understand physical disabilities in both animals and people. Her heart-warming and inspiring story makes MacKenzie worthy of America's top dog honor!4. What made MacKenzie American Hero Dog?A. Being man's best friend.B. Her struggle with disabilities.C. Rescuing animals with disabilities.D. Her contributions to a better world.5. What can we infer about MacKenzie from Paragraph 2?A. Her growth path was not easy.B. She was deserted by her owner.C. She was operated on at two years old.D. She still needs taking care of by others.6. What does the underlined word “nurtured” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Trained.B. Comforted.C. Tended.D. Abused.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. MacKenzie—The Most Hard-working DogB. MacKenzie—America's “Most Heroic Dog”C. Chihuahua—Inspiration of Positive EnergyD. Chihuahua—Appeal for Animals' ProtectionCA PhD student inMichigandefended her paper while wearing a skirt madeof rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters — from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences — then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. "The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way."Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science atMichiganStateUniversity, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process.As for Caitlin? Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture inGermany.Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds? "I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."8. What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters?A. She received 17 rejections in total.B. 29 of her rejections were from journals.C. The rejections were connected into a fan.D. She made some rejection letters into a skirt.9. What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action?A. Favorable.B. Ambiguous.C. Skeptical.D. Opposed.10. Which of the following words can best describe Catlin?A. Creative and considerate.B. Caring and determined.C. Optimistic and humorous.D. Generous and intelligent.11. Which of the following may Caitlin agree with?A. Hard work pays off.B. Education is the entrance to success.C. Self-respect earns more respect.D. One needs to normalize failures.DAs we all know, there are plenty of different parks to visit in theUK. All theme parks inBritainhave cafes, restaurants, picnic areas and gift shops, so you'll still have plenty to see and do when you and the kids have been on enough rides. There are usually smaller “funfair“ rides and games as well, so younger children won't get bored. Several theme parks also have other attractions next to them, e. g. water parks often open all year round, unlike the theme parks.Whenever you are inBritain, there's likely to be a theme park within one or two hours,drive, bus ride or train journey. Several theme parks even have accommodation(膳宿)so you can stay for a day or two if you want to make a trip into a short holiday.Prices forUKtheme parks vary considerably; some have an entrance price which allows you to go on all the rides, while in others you have to pay for every ride individually. It can also make a difference whether you go during peak time or not. For example, tickets always cost more during school holidays and weekends than they do during the weekdays.Theme parks always get very busy during the summer months, so if you don't like crowds ifs usually a good idea to go earlier or later in the year!If you're thinking of visiting aUKtheme park, it's worth having a look for special offers on tickets. Products such as chocolate bars and cereals sometimes have " buy one get one free" offers on theme park tickets, so keep alook out in shops and supermarkets.12. This passage mainly talks about all the following EXCEPT.______.A. things to doB. prices for theme parksC. rules to obeyD. special offers13. If you go to the theme park during the weekdays, you'll probably.______.A. have to spend moreB. save some moneyC. win a big prizeD. get something free14. According to the passage, what should you do if you are tired of crowds in the theme park?A. Avoid the busiest months.B. Go earlier or later in the daytime.C. Choose one with few visitors.D. Go there when no one is in it.15. The best title for the text would be ______.A. What to Do in the Theme ParkB. Theme Parks in theUKC. Visiting the Theme ParkD. Introduction to Famous Theme Parks第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年北京市门头沟区新桥路中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年北京市门头沟区新桥路中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AKate Humble: Books that changed my lifeKate Humble is a writer and broadcaster specializing in science, wildlife and rural affairs. Together with her husband site runs Humble by Nature, a rural skills education centre on working farm near Monmouth intheWyeValley.Winnie the Poohby A A MilneMy father used to read this to me when I was very young — he used different voices for all the animals. The characterization (角色设定) was so clever; we all know someone just like each inhabitant of the HundredAcre Wood: gloomy Eeyore; thick but loyal Pooh; enthusiastic Tigger.A A Milne was masterful in exploring the way they got along together, opening my eyes to how society really works.Last Chance to Seeby Douglas Adams and Mark CarwardineThis book tells of the authors, adventures as they set out to find the rarest of animals, those on the edge of extinction.Their travels are rather exciting and they share a wonderful humour, which really appealed to me. Yet underpinning (支撑) everything is the realization that we can't just sit back and allow species to disappear. PicturePalaceby Paul TherouxI've always loved Theroux's travel writing, but this novel took my breath away. The words aren't long or complicated but, fromthat first paragraph, his writing grabs you by the nose hairs and drags you along. I had an art teacher who told me, “You're only an artist when you've found your own style, not when you're copying someone else, and Theroux represents this.”1. Why did the author mention the characterization ofWinnie the Pooh?A. To indicate the book has realistic values.B. To show how adorable the characters are.C. To persuade people to learn from the characters.D. To prove the writer is good at creating characters.2. What didLast Chance to Seestrike into Kate's heart?A. Curiosity.B. Responsibility.C. Exploration.D. Devotion.3. Which writer does Kate Humble like for his original writing?A. A A Milne.B. Douglas Adams.C. Mark Carwardine.D. Paul Theroux.BIn ancient times, Chinese used plant leaves or bird feathers as a fan during the summer time. This was the earliest form of the fan. The first real fan was made back in the era of Yao and Shun period thousands of years ago. Since then,Chinese-made fans have become a vital part of Chinese art and culture. At the beginning, the fan functioned as a tool to generate a current of air in the hot weather. Now electric fans such as ceiling fans and other technological breakthroughs have taken the place.Long ago, fans caught the attention of ancient Chinese artists by chance. Thereafter, a unique fan art gradually took shape in the history of Chinese culture. Fan art usually includes Chinese calligraphy, paintings, or poems on the sectors（扇区）. Special skills are needed to write or paint on them.Due to its history and partly because of its unique shape, Chinese would soon develop the tradition of using fans as ornaments（装饰品）. Fans are made in different sizes and different color1 s to meet the needs of each request. Other Chinese ornaments, such as the Chinese knot, the green jade, and the Spring Festival picture, are often combined in each design.The value of fans depends mainly on the materials used and the level of craftsmanship that is involved during the process. Feather, paper, jade, bamboo and silk have all been used as ideal materials to make fans. Ancient Chinese even made iron fans to serve as deadly weapons（武器）in Chinese martial arts. Fans made by famous craftsmen are often characterized by pretty designs and detailed workmanship, and thus become favorites of collectors. Fans with masterpiece fine art like calligraphy or paintings are even more valuable.4.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. The origin of fans.B. The materials of fans.C. The popularity of fans.D. The production of fans.5. Why do Chinese use fans as ornaments?A. They are made of valuable materials.B. They reflect the beauty of Chinese culture.C. They convey literature works on the sectors.D. They are often combined with other ornaments.6. Which of the following makes a fan favored by most collectors?A. Its advanced function.B. Its complex character.C. Its artistic handicraft.D. Its various applications.7. What can we infer about the fan from the text?A. Chinese send fans to their friends as gifts.B. Chinese ornaments can meet different requests.C. Traditional fans have lost their functional value.D. The fan plays different roles with the change of time.COn the night of September 19, 1961, Betty Hill and her husband Barney were driving home through the White Mountains from Niagara Falls. They were travelling on anearly deserted two-lane highway when Betty noticed a steady light in the sky that was getting bigger and brighter.She thought it was a planet or a star. Barney, stimulated at her excitement, said it was probably just a wandering aeroplane. Whatever it was, it appeared to be following them.They stopped their car for a closer look. What they said happened next, changed their lives. The flying object was noiseless. It appeared to be spinning. It was as big as a jet but shaped like a pancake.So formed the tale of Betty Hill, a New Hampshire social worker who, with Barney, a postal worker, claimed to be kidnapped by aliens, who were from outer space, on a moonlit night about 60 years ago.After reluctantly going public with her experience, Hill, who died of cancer at her New Hampshire home, aged 85, became a celebrity on the UFO circuit and was known as the “first lady of UFOs”.Intriguingly, at the time of the incident, the Hills remembered nothing except that they had spied a strange object in the sky. Later, troubled by nightmares and other stress-related pains, the couple underwenthypnosis(催眠) where the full story came out with the aid of Boston psychiatrist Benjamin Simon, an expert in medical hypnosis.On their night of contact the Hills arrived homeat 5 a.m., unable to account for two lost hours. They were also confused by the odd marks on their telescopes, deep signs on the tops of Barney’s best shoes, Betty’s torn dress and strange circular markings on their car that made the needle of a compass jump wildly.After seeing them for six months, the psychiatrist concluded the Hills’ lost memory about the hours they lost on that night in 1961 “appeared to involve an amazing experience on the part of both of the Hills”. Whether the experience had been fantasy or reality, Simon could not say, but he said he was convinced they had not been lying. He guessed that it had been a kind of shared dream.Reports of aliens capturing humans and taking them aboard oddly shaped spacecraft were “comparatively rare” before 1975. After a movie, “The UFO Incident”, about the Hills came out, however, such stories increased.8. When they saw the strange object in the sky, Barney and Betty Hill ______________.A. were astonished at its strange flight and noiseB. regarded it as just a wandering car following themC. realized immediately what the danger it might causeD. showed curiosity in discovering what it really was9. The word “Intriguingly” in paragraph 6 most probably means “______________”.A. RidiculouslyB. TemporarilyC. RemarkablyD. Mysteriously10. The Hills later sought the help of a psychiatrist because ______________.A. they had lots of secrets in their lives after the strange experienceB. their lives were greatly disturbed by the unexpected experienceC. they wanted to share their unforgettable experience with the expertD. they hoped to forget completely what had happened to them11. This article was written in order to ______________.A. describe an unusual event to the readersB. convince readers of the existence of UFOsC. record how people were caught by aliensD. warn people of the dangers the UFOs causeDHowdo you turn “dumb” headphones into smart ones? Rutgers engineers have invented a cheap and easy way by transforming headphones into sensors that can be plugged into (插入) smartphones, identify their users monitor their heart rates and perform other services.Their invention, called HeadFi, is based on a small plug-in headphone adapter that turns a regular headphone into a sensing device (装置). Unlike smart headphones, regular headphones lack sensors. HeadFi would allow users toavoid having to buy a new pairof smart headphones with sensors to enjoy sensing features.“HeadFi could turn hundreds of millions of existing, regular headphones worldwide into intelligent ones with a simple upgrade (升级),” said Xiaoran Fan, a HeadFi primary inventor.A Rutgers-led paper on the invention, which results in "earable intelligence", will be formally published in October at MobiCom 2021, the top international conference on mobile computing and mobile and wireless networking. Headphones are among the most popular wearable devices worldwide and they continue to become; more intelligent as new functions appear, such as touch-based gesture control, the paper notes. Such functions usually rely on aiding sensors, such as accelerometers, gyroscopes and microphones that are availableon many smart headphones.HeadFi turns the two drivers already inside all headphones into a versatile (多功能的) sensor, and it works by connecting headphones to a pairing device, such as a smartphone. It doesn't require adding aiding sensors and avoids changes to headphone hardware or the need to customize headphones, both of which may increase their weight and size. By plugging into HeadFi, a converted headphone can perform sensing tasks and play music at the same time.The engineers conducted experiments with 53 volunteers using 54 pairs of headphones with prices ranging from $2. 99 to $15 ,000. HeadFi can achieve 97. 2 percent to 99. 5 percent accuracy on user identification, 96.8 percent to 99. 2 percent on heart rate monitoring and 97. 7 percent to 99. 3 percent on gesture recognition.12. What does Xiaoran Fan think of HeadFi?A. Secure to operate.B. Simple to use.C. Easy to substitute.D. Convenient to store.13. What can we know about HeadFi according to the text?A. It can't work with headphones alone.B. It actually functions as a versatile sensor.C. It makes headphones larger and heavier than usual.D. It doesn't work when headphones are playing music.14. The figures are listed in the last paragraph mainly to show_________.A. the various functions of HeadFiB. the wide popularity of headphonesC. the great complexity of headphonesD. the excellent performance of HeadFi15. What can be the best title for the text?A. How to Use Headphones AppropriatelyB. Headphones Can Be Upgraded InstantlyC. How to Make Regular Headphones IntelligentD. New Uses Have Been Found in Headphones第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-04七选五
北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-04七选五一、七选五参考答案：1．G 2．D 3．E 4．F 5．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。
散步被认为是最好的运动之一。
对许多人来说，每天散步对身体和精神都有巨大而长期的好处。
然而，这个习惯不仅仅是一个健康的习惯，也是创造力的必要因素。
斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，与坐着相比，走路时人们更有创造力。
1．根据空白处上文“For many people,daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits(对许多人来说，每天散步对身体和精神都有巨大而长期的好处)”以及下文“A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting(斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，与坐着相比，参与者在走路时更有创造力).”可知，此处上下文说的是走路不仅有益于身体健康，也是有利于创造力的培养，G项“However, this habit isn’t just a healthy habit but a necessary element of creativity(然而，这个习惯不仅是一个健康的习惯，也是创造力的必要因素)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
2．根据下文“Our creative mindset is triggered by physical movement(我们的创造性思维是由身体运动引发的)”可知，走路时的身体运动很重要，D项“The physical movement during walking is obviously key(走路时的身体运动显然是关键)”表达的含义一致，讲述身体运动是重要的。
故选D项。
3．根据上文“Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone,which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities(只要走出去，你就走出了你习惯的环境和舒适区，如果你想打开你的思维，接受新的可能性，这是必要的)”可知此处说的是要到外面去走走，E项“You can walk through a park and observe people relaxing or birds singing(你可以穿过公园，观察人们放松或鸟儿唱歌)”符合语境，承接上文，故选E项。