A Comparative Survey on English and Chinese Figurative Languages
关于英语翻译文学等方面的论文题目
一、翻译类毕业论文选题1．Study on Translation of Trade Marks and Culture商标翻译与文化研究2．The Social and Cultural Factors in Translation Practice影响翻译实践的社会和文化因素3．On the Translation of English Idioms论英语习语的翻译4．Study on Features and Translation of English Idioms英语习语翻译特点研究5．The Comparison and Translation of Chinese and English Idioms中英习语翻译与比较6．Study on Loyalty in English-Chinese Translation中英互译的忠实性研究7．Cultural Equivalence in Translation翻译中的文化对等性研究8．Literature Translation and the Important of it文学翻译与重要性研究9．On the Du Fu’s Poems Translation论杜甫的诗词翻译10．The Analysis of Techniques for Learning a Foreign Language Through Translation通过翻译学习外语的技巧分析11．中英颜色词的文化差异及翻译Cultural Differences and Translation in Chinese and English Color words翻译中不可译性的文化阐释12．An Cultural Perspective on Untranslatability中英动物文化内涵的不同及翻译13．Cultural Connotation and Translation in Chinese and English Animals浅论翻译中的译者主体性发挥的度14．On Degree of Translator's Subjectivity in Translation修辞策略在广告英语中的效用探究15．A Probe of the Effect of Rhetorical Devices in English Advertisement 16．Error Analysis of the English Translation of the Information about Scenic Spots in Wuhan武汉旅游景点资料的英译错误分析17．Semantic--Transliteration-the Most Favorable Method for Translating Foreign Words into Chinese音意兼译—外来词中译之首选方法18．A Tentative Study on the Cohesion and Coherence in Sun Zhili’s Chinese Translation of Pride and Prejudice浅论《傲慢与偏见》孙致礼中译本的衔接与连贯19．Chinese Translation of Attributive Clauses in English for Science and Technology科技英语中定语从句的汉译20．Film Titles and Their Translation——A cross-cultural perspective从跨文化角度分析电影片名及其翻译21．Translating Expressions on Public Signs from Chinese into English汉语公示语英译22．论文化差异与翻译Cultural differences and translation23．商标名的翻译原则与品牌文化The Translation Principle of Brand Names and Brand Culture24．英文电影片名的翻译策略与翻译方法研究On Translation of English Film Names25．意美、音美、形美--英文商标的汉译Beauty in Sense, Sound and Form--On Translation of English Trademarks into Chinese26．中文商标英译探On the Translation of Trademarks from Chinese into English二、文化类毕业论文选题27．国际商务谈判中的双赢语用策略The Win-Win Pragmatic Strategies in International Business Negotiation 28．Grice 的合作原则在国际商务谈判中的应用The Application of Grice’s Cooperation Principle in International Business Negotiation29．中西文化面子观差异比照分析An Analysis on Differences between Chinese and Western Ideas on Face 30．中西文化中女性角色意识差异及其对职业发展影响Differences between Chinese and Western Role Awareness of Women and the Effects on Their Career Development31．英语学习中文化障碍Cultural Obstacles in English Learning32．从中西委婉语的比照透视中西文化差异Understand Chinese and English Cultural Differences through the Comparison between Chinese and western Euphenism33．中英禁忌语比较A Comparison between Chinese and English taboos34．从隐私权看中西文化差异A Comparison between Chinese and Western Cultural Differences from the Aspect of Privacy right35．中西社会习俗比较A Comparison Between Chinese and Western Social Conventions36．言语行为理论及其应用Speech Act and its Application37．湖北经济学院英语自主学习现状调查A Survey on the Students’ English Autonomous Learning in Hubei University of Economics38．湖北经济学院双语课程学习现状调查A Survey on Bilingual Courses’ Learning in Hubei University of Economics 39．1The Cultural Connotation of English Etymology and the Teaching of English Vocabulary英语词源的文化内涵与词汇教学40．English idioms—A Mirror Reflecting British Culture英语习语与英国文化反映41．On Values of Chinese from Perspective of Lexicon从词汇角度读中国人的价值观42．On Cultural Differences of Body Language between English and Chinese 论中英体态语文化差异43．The Analysis on the Differences of Interpersonal Relationship between Eastern and Western People东西方人际关系要素差异探析44．Approach to Cultural Differences in Sino-U.S. Business Negotiation and its Impacts中美商务谈判中的文化差异及其影响探析45．Asymmetrical Features of Politeness Principle in Cross-cultural Communication跨文化交际中的礼貌原则的非对称性研究46．English and Chinese Euphemisms: A Comparison between Their Cultural Implications从英汉委婉语比照中透析中西文化差异47．On the Cultural Differences of the Etiquette Norms in Chinese and English Nonverbal Communication中英非语言交际礼俗标准的文化差异研究48．A Comparative Study on the Different Cultural Connotations of Basic Chinese and English Color Words英汉基本颜色词文化内涵比照研究49．Characteristic and Cultural Differences of the English and Chinese Idioms 中英文习语的特点以及文化差异50．Chinese and Western Culture Values in Advertising Language从广告语中看中西方文化观51．The Differences of Family Values between China and American中国和美国家庭观差异52．The Comparison of Chinese and Western Interpersonal Relationships中西人际关系比较53．Cultural Difference Between Chinese and English on Politeness从中英文礼貌用语中看文化差异54．谈跨文化交际中的“面子”观On Face Perception in Cross-cultural Communication55．委婉语在跨文化交际中的应用The Application of Euphemism in Cross-cultural Communication56．从英汉习语看东西方文化异同Differences and Similarities between Eastern and Western Cultures in Chinese and English Idioms57．中英文化中的礼貌比照研究A Contrastive Study of Politeness in English and Chinese Cultures58．解析文化差异引起的语用失误The Study of Pragmatic Failure: From the Perspective of Cultural Differences 59．从文化角度论英汉语中的性别歧视On the Sexism in Chinese and English from the Cultural Perspective60．中美商务谈判中的文化因素探析Approach to Cultural Factors for the Sino-American Business Negotiation 61．英汉抱歉语的比照研究A contrastive study of apologies in English and Chinese62．跨文化交际中颜色词的运用Application of colors in intercultural communication63．英汉应酬语的差异研究Some difference of small talks between Chinese and English64．不同交际风格中恭维语及其回应的研究Compliment and its response with different communication styles65．英汉动物词汇文化内涵意义比照研究The cultural connotations of animals in Chinese and English66．英语委婉语的功能与效果研究On functions and effects of euphemism in English67．中外幽默的跨文化比照A intercultural comparison between Chinese and foreign humor68．英语副语言交际研究A survey on communication of paralanguage三、语言类毕业论文选题69．语篇分析中的语境功能研究The function of context in discourse analysis70．语篇分析在英语阅读教学中的运用研究Discourse analysis in the application of teaching English reading71．英语广告语言特点分析An analysis on the feature of English advertisement72．非语言交际与身势语研究Nov-verbal communication and gesture language73．英语委婉语研究About English euphemism74．On Puns in English Advertisements—from the Perspective of Relevance Theory从关联理论看英语广告双关语75．(My) Dialects and its Negative Effect upon English Pronunciation Learning (本人)方言及其对英语语音学习的负面影响76．A Comparative Study of Euphemisms in English and Chinese英汉委婉语比照研究77．A Study of Sexism in the English Language英语语言中的性别歧视研究78．Thematic Theory and Its implications to English Writing主位理论及其对英语写作的启示79．英语拒绝方式研究Research on the Ways of Rejection in English80．论中美广告中所反映的文化价值观On the Cultural Values in the Advertisements of China and US81．从历史文化的发展看某个英语词或短语的语义演变Semantic Evolution of A Word or Phrase from the Perspective of History 82．社会不平等现象在美国英语中的反映The Reflection of Social Inequality in American English83．英语财经报道的语言特点Language Features of English Financial Report四、英语教育类毕业论文选题84．Body Language in English Teaching英语教学中的身体语言研究85．The Diversification of English Language Teaching英语教学多样性研究86．The Present Situation of Bilingual Education in China中国双语教学现状研究87．Culture and English Teaching文化与英语教学88．Consideration on Bilingual Teaching双语教学的思考89．The English Teaching Based on Multimedia基于多媒体的英语教学90．Cultural Difference and English Teaching文化差异与英语教学91．Cross-cultural Communication and English Teaching跨文化交际与英语教学92．Some Designs on English Learning in school93．中学英语教学设计The Contrast of Middle School Education between China & West94．中西方中学教育比照研究The Practice of English Class Teaching95．英语课堂教学实践96．English Classroom Teaching: Teacher-dominant or Student-centered英语课堂教学——教师主宰还是学生中心97．Personality Factors to the Success of Foreign Language Learning个性因素在外语学习中的作用98．The Application of Communicative Approach Techniques in English Learning交际法手段在英语学习中的运用99．On the Reading Strategies of English as a Foreign language谈英语的阅读策略100．Cultural influence on English Reading论文化背景知识在英语阅读中的作用101．On basic qualities of a successful English teacher论英语教师的基本素质102．On the principle of adhering to student-centred teaching论以学生为中心的教学原则103. On the principle of combining restriction and utilization of native language in foreign language teaching论在外语教学中控制和利用母语的原则104. Applying the Communicative Approach in the middle school English teaching交际法在中学英语教学的运用105. Cultivating students’ reading skills in English text teaching in middle school在中学英语课文教学中培养学生的阅读技巧106. Analysis of Factors Influencing College Student on Autonomous English Learning影响大学生英语自主学习的因素分析107. Evaluation of Autonomous English Learning自主英语学习的质量评估108. Application of Internet and Multi-media in English Teaching网络多媒体在英语教学中的应用109. A Survey Research on Relevance between English vocabulary and reading ability词汇量与英语阅读能力的相关性调查研究110. A Survey of using College English Network Platform大学英语网络学习平台使用情况调查研究111. The Effect of Conceptual Metaphor Theory on the English Vocabulary Acquisition of Chinese Senior High School Students概念隐喻理论对中国高中生英语词汇习得的影响112. Negative Transfer of Native Language in Chinese Senior High School Students' EFL Writing and Its Implications to the English Language Teaching 中国高中生英语写作中的母语负迁移及其对英语教学的启示113. On Developing Communicative Competence in Teaching English to Chinese High School Students论中国中学英语教学中学生交际能力的培养114. An Investigation of Vocabulary Learning Strategies Taken by Chinese Senior High School Students中国高中生英语词汇学习策略调查115. An Investigation of the English Learning Motivation of Three-year College Students and Its Implications for English Language Teaching大专生英语学习动机调查研究及其对英语教学的启示116. 经济院校非英语专业学生自主学习态度调查研究A Survey on the Attitude towards Learner Autonomy of Non-English Majors in the University of Economics117. 大学生使用英语多媒体学习光盘现状的调查研究A Survey on the Use of Multimedia Learning CD by College Non-English Majors118. 论多媒体辅助英语教学环境下教师、教材和学生的角色与作用On the Role and Functions of Teachers, Teaching Materials and Learners in the Multimedia-aided English Classroom119. 语用推理对英语听力理解的影响The Effect on English Listening Comprehension from Pragmatic Interference 120. 论阅读理解教学中学习者写作能力的培养On the Cultivating of Learner’s Writing Competence in Teaching Reading五、英语文学类毕业论文选题121. The Independent Spirit of Hester Brynne in The Scarlet Letter《红字》中海丝特。
从爱情三元素理论看《了不起的盖茨比》中人物的爱情模式
从《野性的呼唤》浅析杰克伦敦的哲学思想及其哲学倾向《呼啸山庄》中女主人公人物分析论《永别了，武器》中战争对人物的影响浅析影响中美关系的因素埃兹拉庞德意象派诗歌解析：以《在地铁站里》为例车贴中的语言污染现象研究《荆棘鸟》之宗教观“以读促写”提高英语写作能力的教学法研究从《了不起的盖茨比》看美国梦幻灭的必然性浅析《傲慢与偏见》中女性人物的认知局限《达洛卫夫人》与弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫的女性主义英汉基本颜色词的文化内涵对比及其翻译An Analysis of Hemingway' Religious Complex in The Old Man and the Sea浅析《红字》中女性主义的具体体现情感因素对英语教学的影响试析狄更斯小说《大卫•科波菲尔》中大卫的性格发展On the Female Character During the War Through A Farewell to Arms从《好事一小件》和《洗澡》的对话对比分析看人物形象塑造的差异文化负载词的翻译策略Culture Teaching in College English Listening Classrooms华兹华斯诗歌的精神生态研究—以《丁登寺》为例模糊限制语在英语广告语中的使用及其语用功能探讨空间介词在英汉时间表达中的隐喻性用法对比研究英语商务新闻中的概念隐喻分析《道林•格雷的画像》中的现实元素（开题报告+论）分析《傲慢与偏见》与《简爱》中觉醒的女性意识英语广告的语言特点及翻译方法Sino-US Cultural Differences——Through Comparison Between APPLE and OPPO 从中西文化对比的角度浅谈商标翻译的特点和方法非传统式英雄——从女性主义批评角度看《名利场》从《红楼梦》两个译本论归化翻译和异化翻译英文电影字幕翻译的原则和技巧The Influence of The New Policy of Export Tax Rebates商标翻译技巧从女性主义视角解读《飘》中斯嘉丽•奥哈拉的性格特征科技英语的特点和翻译技巧中西广告语言中的文化差异中美恐怖电影中折射出的文化差异文化差异对中美商务谈判的影响爱伦坡的分析方法在“厄舍屋的倒塌”中的应用汉英动物词的文化内涵对比及翻译哥特小说的魅力——《红死魔的面具》美学研究《大卫•科波菲尔》中的人物分析中美面子观比较及其对商务谈判策略的启示目的论视角下旅游景区公示语误译的研究合作原则在商务谈判中的运用顺应理论视角下公益广告英译中的语用失误分析非英语专业大学生听力课堂焦虑的影响及解决策略EFL Learning Strategies on Web-based Autonomous Learning从生态主义观解读《愤怒的葡萄》《恋爱中的女人》人物及其人物关系的象征分析论口译中的跨文化意识英汉社交称呼语礼貌规范和语用失误研究《野性的呼唤》的社会达尔文主义译者主体性对翻译风格的影响分析鲁滨逊荒岛生存技能的分析A Tentative Study on Metaphor Translations in Fortress Besieged from the Perspective of Relevance TheoryOn the Differences of Jocasta Complex in Sons and Lovers and Jin Suo Ji会计英语缩略词特点及翻译研究析《狮子和宝石》中拉昆来失败的原因商务谈判口译的语用失误的成因及负面影响对学习的启示从语体学论《一九八四》中的反极权主义英语新词汉译原则研究《了不起的盖茨比》和美国现代社会Cigarette Culture in China and America残酷的战争和脆弱的爱情－－－－再读《永别了，武器》从希斯克利夫的悲剧人生看“如何被逼出邪恶的人性”英语广告语中双关语的运用及翻译人性的扭曲，堕落与回归——希刺克厉夫的人性简析万劫不复的阴暗人性——解析《蝇王》的主题从《永别了，武器》与《老人与海》浅析海明威的战争观论《弗兰肯斯坦》的叙事技巧论网络英语的特征关于英语课堂中教师体态语的研究中国春节与美国圣诞节的文化比较A Study on Developing Autonomous Learning Ability of Junior High School Students欧美电影对英语学习者英语口语的影响《沙漠之花》的女性主义研究Investigation of Cultural Difference in English-Chinese Advertisement Translation from Rhetoric Perspective译者主体性观照下的中文菜名英译英雄精神的回归—浅析《雨王汉德森》的主题英汉双语词典中的语用信息Reflections—Emily Dickinson’s Life in Her PoemsA Comparison of the English Color TermsJane Austen’s Opinion towards Marriage in Pride and Prejudice一个陌生女人来信的人物性格分析论商标翻译的原则及策略《简爱》的特征—一位独立的女性The Application of Cooperative Learning in High School English Teaching非英语专业学生学习英语的动机和策略调查The Symbolic Meanings of Letter “A” in The Scarlet Letter浅谈体态语及其在跨文化交际中的作用《麦琪的礼物》和《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观对比研究浅析《觉醒》中艾德娜自杀的必然性中英文颜色词内涵异同剖析《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿的复杂个性《围城》中文化词的英译策略《老人与海》中马洛林形象的不可或缺性中国英语与中式英语的对比研究——从英汉民族思维差异的角度美式英语与英式英语在词汇上的差异论不可译到可译的历史性变化The Positive Image of the Mouse:A Study on the Children’s LiteraturePecola’s Blues－－A Reading of The Bluest Eye她们的自我选择—解读简奥斯汀傲慢与偏见中女性的婚恋观论跨文化商务中的非言语交际试论盖茨比对其梦想生活的追求从自然主义视角解读德莱赛《珍妮姑娘》中珍妮的形象小说《鸡蛋的胜利》中扭曲的“美国梦”显现的被动•隐现的自我——《看不见的人》中被动语态的身份建构功能研究A Comparison of the English Color Terms苔丝悲剧的原因英语口语教学中的不足之处以及改善方法论美国黑人英语：语言变体的视角魔鬼之子：论《呼啸山庄》和《呼唤》中的男主人公形象浅析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的反叛精神从奈达翻译理论初探英汉新闻导语翻译策略《雾都孤儿》中的童话模式解读从中西方节日看中西文化差异女性哥特视角下的《蝴蝶梦》《祝福》两种英译本对比研究Symbolism in The Catcher in the RyeOn the Translation of Psychological Description in Wuthering Heights from the Perspective of Functional EquivalenceThe Symbolic Meanings of Plant Terms in Chinese and English: Comparison and Translation英汉语篇衔接手段对比研究——以《荷塘月色》英译本为例广告中的熟语模因探析《恋爱中的女人》欧秀拉和古迪兰的性格对其爱情观的影响中英报刊新闻标题语言特色探讨谐音现象促成因素及其启示的研究The Tragedy Characteristics of Sister Carrie and An American TragedyA Survey on Western Culture Learning among Non-English MajorsA comparative study of Chinese and American food cultures－－-from Cross—Cultural Communication Perspective现代叙事艺术与海明威的《永别了武器》女性主义视角下的《蝴蝶梦》从中西方文化差异看餐桌礼仪归化翻译在电影字幕中的运用－－以《米尔克》为个案分析论王尔德在《道林格雷的画像》中的美学思想法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译英语词汇学习策略A Study of Fu Donghua’s Translation of Gone wi th the Wind from the Perspective of Rewriting卡勒德·胡赛尼《追风筝的人》阿米尔的救赎分析少儿英语游戏教学策略研究A Study of Narrative Strategies in Beloved分析《天使，望故乡》的精神主题Euphemism in English advertisements从《实习医生格蕾》浅析美剧所反映的文化背景和趋势合作原则在《红楼梦》习语英译中的应用The Comparison of the Chinese Spring Festival with the Western Christmas Day中美幸福观比较：以影片《在云端》为例谈英汉文学作品中数字的模糊性及其翻译英语词汇学习存在的问题及对策研究女性主义对《绝望主妇》人物性格塑造的影响The Growth Topic in The Catcher in the Rye论《法国中尉的女人》中萨拉的女性主义的显现新加坡英语和英国英语比较研究礼貌原则视角下奥巴马演讲技巧的分析论凯瑟琳•曼斯菲尔德短篇小说中的爱情观威廉·戈尔丁《蝇王》中的写作艺术中美电子商务的选择性分析中西方传统女权主义思想异同比较——王熙凤与简爱之人物性格对比分析中美商务接待文化差异浅析《宠儿》中人物塞丝的畸形母爱产生的根源试论商务英语与普通英语的异同——商务英语书面语的特点《当幸福来敲门》的人际功能文本分析观春潮：浅析“戏仿”背后海明威性格阴暗面析《喧哗与骚动》的写作手法美国总统就职演说中隐喻的语用功能分析Application of Politeness Principle in Top Talk《好人难寻》中体现出的弗洛伊德人格结构理论A Comparison of the English Color Terms国际贸易中付款方式的比较分析及发展趋势“同一性危机”——浅析汉娜的悲剧人生狄更斯小说《远大前程》中的批判现实主义特点解读浅析美国俚语的起源教师角色的转变与高中生英语自主学习能力的提高从男权主义角度分析《苔丝》中的人物On the Aesthetic Connotation of the Death in For Whom the Bell Tolls by Hemingway英汉新词形成因素研究《呼啸山庄》中希斯克里夫和凯瑟琳的爱情悲剧从《简•爱》的多译本看中国两性关系的变化认识、寻找和实现自我价值——剖析《飘》中的人生价值《简爱》中女性主义之探究浅析《雾都孤儿》中象征手法的运用影响中学生英语学习的心理因素分析中英道歉语及应答差异论《兔子, 跑吧》中哈利的逃避主义从《芒果街上的小屋》透视女性自我意识的觉醒中国茶文化和西方咖啡文化对比研究理性主义与理想主义的结合——从“灰姑娘情结”看简奥斯汀的作品A Humanistic Study on Charles Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities浅谈礼貌策略在商务谈判中的应用论英语新课标下高中生跨文化意识的培养A Comparative Study on the Two Chinese V ersions of Tess of the D’urbervilles from the Perspective of Nida’s Dynamic Equivalence从文化差异看英文电影片名的汉译论《觉醒》中艾德娜女性意识的觉醒论中文电视栏目名称的英语翻译An Analysis of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s View on Christianity in Uncle Tom’s Cabin用会话含义理论分析《傲慢与偏见》中的人物对白从《拦截魔人岛》中的邪恶三位一体分析蒙特哥利死亡的必然性解读《觉醒》中的个人主义从成长小说的角度分析《杀死一只知更鸟》中小海鸥的成长危机。
奈达翻译理论研究 第四章 笔记
Chapter four A comparative study of Nida’s theory andJin Di’s theoryJin Di, on the basis of Nida‟s theory, he formulated his own theory of “equivalent effect”.4.1 Jin Di’s Translation TheoryJin Di is renowned for his translation theory of “equivalent effect”and his Chinese version of Ulysses.4.1.1 A survey of Jin’s translation activity and translation studyIn his work In Search of the Principle of Equivalent Effect (1989), he put forward his own theory of “equivalent effect”.4.1.2 Jin’s view on translation before his reception of Nida’s theoryThe gist of his argument was that “translating must meet the requirements of accuracy and smoothness.”“Accuracy” meant the content of the translated text should be consistent with that of the original text.“Smoothness”meant the language of the translated text should conform to the convention of the target language.Accuracy and smoothness in translation were two sides of a coin, and one could not be separated from another.What distinguished Jin from others was that he strongly objected to then the popular idea that “faithfulness should be given priority over smoothness when one of them has to be sacrificed”.Jin mentioned more than once the close relationship between translation accuracy and target readers. He wrote:A translation should be smooth and natural so that target readers do not feel big gaps between the two languages concerned. Accuracy and smoothness as a translation standard are like two sides of a coin, one cannot be separated from the other. If the reader cannot understand the so-called “accurate” translation and do not know what it means, there is of little significance for such “accuracy”. If the translator only pays attention to smoothness in his work, but ignores the consistency between the original text and the translated text, his translation is not legitimate.4.1.3 Jin’s theory of equivalent effect and its relationship with Nida’s theoryIn On Translation: with special reference to Chinese and English, Jin basically adopted Nida‟s “dynamic equivalence”, which was defined in terms of a dynamic relationship, namely, “the relationship of target language receptors to the target language text should be roughly equivalent to the relationship between the original receptors and the original text”.The book mentioned above was acclaimed as “a masterpiece of combination of Nida‟s translation theory with Chinese translation with Chinese translation practice”.Jin argued that Nida‟s theory was intended to guide Bible translation for evangelism, and the ultimate purpose of Bible translating was to make receptors “response to the translated message in action”. Thus, according to Jin, the concept of “response”in Nida‟s theory was not suitable for a theory of general translation. Jinexplained:Although receptors’ response could be used as an important feedback to evaluate how the receptors understand and appreciate the translation to some extent, and the translator could test the quality of his translation according to receptor’s response, such activity occurs only after the translation is completed. Since each receptor’s response and reaction involve a number of subjective and objective personal factors, it is necessary for us to explore these factors in our study of translation process. Hence, in our discussion the term “effect” refers to the impact of the translated message upon the receptors instead of the receptors’ response. (This was the reason why Jin modified Nida’s “dynamic equivalence”, and put forward his o wn theory of “equivalent effect”.等效定义(方式一): the objective of an equivalent effect translation is that although the form of a translated text may be different from that of the original text, the receptor-language reader can obtain a message as substantially the same as the source-language reader does from the original, including main spirit, concrete facts and artistic imagery.分析: in Jin‟s view, only when the three essential factors (“main spirit, “concrete facts”and “artistic imagery”) of the original were successfully reproduced in the receptor language could a translation be termed as a translation of equivalent effect.In short, the delimitation of the concept of “effect”as “impact”instead of “response”, and the emphasis on the reproduction of the three factors constitute Jin‟s theory of “equivalent effect”.In his article, “Translating Spirit”, he borrowed two characters from Y an Fu‟s three-character translation principle and advanced his theory of “faithfulness, expressiveness and spirit” (信，达，神韵). The term “spirit” in Jin‟s theory was used in a broad sense, indicating various artistic styles of literary works.等效定义（方式二）：the three-character principle of “faithfulness, expressiveness and spirit”indicated that faithful representation of the fundamental facts, transference of effect and reproduction of artistic style respectively.In recent years Jin began to put more emphasis on the “reproduction of artistic style”, and tried to develop his theory of “equivalent effect” by making use of Chinese traditional translation theory and classic literary criticism.Jin‟s theory deviated away from Nida‟s theory because Nida‟s theory fails to adequately address the problem of transference of aesthetic values in literary translation; while Jin, having attempted to solve it, has to absorb Chinese traditional translation theory and classic literary criticism, where discussion about stylistic or aesthetic effects and their transference are abundant.4.2 Rethinking Nida’s dynamic equivalence4.2.1 The relationship between dynamic equivalence and the principle of equivalent effectAs early as 1790, Tytler stated that a good translation was once in “which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language, as to be distinctly apprehended, and strongly felt, by a native of the country to which thatlanguage belongs, as it is by those who speak the language of the original work”. Tytler was considered the first person who had discussed the issue of equivalent effect in the history of translation theory. But it was E.V. Rieu who first used the expression “the principle of equivalent effect” to discuss translation.Arnold stated that “A translation should affect us in the same way as the original may be supposed to have affected its first hearers”.Jowett expressed that “The translator seeks to produce on his reader an impression similar or nearly similar to that produced by the original”.The reason why Nida‟s theory is also called the principle of “equivalent effect” in the west is that: a translation which attempts to produce a dynamic rather than a formal equivalent is based upon “the principle of equivalent effect”. In such a translation one is not so concerned with matching the receptor-language message with the source-language message, but with the dynamic relationship, that the relationship between receptor and message should be substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and the message.4.2.2 The scientific basis of dynamic equivalence/functional equivalenceNida borrows the concept of the decoder‟s channel capacity from information theory to explain the acceptability of message by readers in both original communication and translation. And he proves that a dynamic equivalent translation fits the receptor‟s channel capacity so as to decode the translated text with ease and efficiency in his own cultural text.The term “dynamic”implies a scientific basis. The dynamic aspect is about a comparison of two relations, namely, “The relation of target language receptors to the target language text should be roughly equivalent to the relationship between the original receptors and the original text”. Such relationship indicates that translating is not completed unless the translated message is received by the reader in the receptor language in substantially the same manner as the original message is received by the original reader.When “dynamic equivalence”is replaced with “functional equivalence”in order to avoid misunderstandings about the term “dynamic”, Nida, having drawn upon the concept of isomorphs, further justifies “functional equivalence”. Isomorphs are an extension of the semiotic concept of “iconicity” or “matters of likeness”. Functional isomorphs are defined on the basis of the means for accomplishing essentially the same results within different systems.To sum up, “dynamic equivalence”/ “functional equivalence”is based on the principle of “equivalent effect”. What distinguished Nida‟s theory from other principle of equivalent effect was that it had a solid scientific basis, and Nida proved the legitimacy of his theory from insights coming from communication theory and sociosemiotics.4.2.3 The immediate concern of dynamic equivalenceNida further explained “dynamic equivalence”in a way that was directly relevant to Bible translating:It would be wrong to think, however, that the response of the receptors in the second language is merely in terms of comprehension of the information, forcommunication is not merely informative. It must also be expressive and imperative if it is to serve the principal purposes of communications such as those found in the Bible. That is to say, a translation of the Bible must not only provide information which people can understand but must present the message in such a way that people can feel its relevance and can then respond to it in action.4.3 Jin’s role in popularizing Nida’s theory4.3.1 Jin’s contribution to a better understanding of Nida’s theoryJin rightly commented on Nida‟s contribution to the principle of “equivalent effect”:The great contribution Eugene Nida made was to shift the focus the comparison texts, the source-language and the target-language texts, to a comparison of the two communication processes involved. As the message in a communication is carried by means of the text, the new method of comparison does not disregard the importance of the text, but the shift of focus implies the consideration of various linguistic and cultural complication that can affect the receptor s’perception of the message carried by the text.In Jin‟s view, Nida justified the principle of “equivalent effect”from the scientific perspective of information theory, and his “dynamic equivalence” solved the debate over literal translation and free translation among western translation scholars in the past two thousand years.In his writings on the principle of “equivalent effect”, Jin further elaborated on the three important concepts, namely, “receptor”, “effect”and “equivalence”in Nida‟s theory.The translator should take into consideration target readers in translating, for only keeping his readers in mind could he render the original text more satisfactorily into the receptor language.According to Jin, translation equivalence between two texts concerned was not a mechanical equivalence, but a comprehensive one, which required the translator to consider all the factors involved in translating. Translation equivalence was not word-for-word equivalence, but equivalence impacts upon the reader produced by a whole sentence or paragraph in any two languages concerned.He suggested that attempts should be made to narrow the differences so as to achieve the closest effect to the original text as much as possible.Jin‟s another contribution to Nida‟s theory is his attempt to put the theory of “equivalent effect” into his translation of Ylysses, and its success confirms that Nida‟s theory is applicable to literary translation between English and Chinese.4.3.2 Problems with some Jin’s views about Nida’s theoryFirst, Jin misinterprets Nida‟s “readers‟ response”.Second, he has a partial understanding of some aspects of “dynamic equivalence”/ “functional equivalence”.(1)Jin’s misinterpretation of the term “response” in Nida’s theoryThere are four translating procedures in Nida‟s theory, including (1) analysisof the source text, (2) transferring from source to target language, (3) restructuring in the target language, (4) testing the translated text with persons who represented the intended audience.According Nida, if “dynamic equivalence” was used as a translation criterion, the critic must take “readers‟ response” seriously. He explained:In the past most testing of a translation has been undertaken by assigning a bilingual person to compare the source and target texts and to determine the degree of correspondence. The problem with this approach is that the bilingual judge is probably already so familiar with the text and the type of contents that he can understand the text without too much trouble. An adequate evaluation of a translation can only be accomplished by testing the reaction of monolingual persons who are representative of the consistency for whom the translation has been made.It deserves to be mentioned that, in evaluating reader s‟ response to a translation, the critic was not to examine readers‟ response to the content of the original, but the “stylistically awkward, structurally burdensome, linguistically unnatural, and semantically misleading or incomprehensible” formal features.“Reader‟s response”in Nida‟s theory is really treated in a broad sense. Later on, when Nida replaced “dynamic equivalence”with “functional equivalence”, and redefined it at two levels: the minimal level and the maximal level, he avoided using the term “response”.(2) His misinterpretations concerning some aspects of dynamic equivalence/functional equivalenceIn Nida‟theory, a formal equivalent translation “permits the reader to identify himself as fully as possible with a person in the source-language context, and to understand as much as he can of the customs, manner of thought, and means of expression”.A dynamic equivalent translation “aims at complete naturalness of expression, and tries to relate the receptor to modes of behavior relevant within the context of his own culture; it does not insist that he understand the cultural pattern of the source-language context in order to comprehend the message”.In accordance with the principle of “dynamic equivalence”, in order to produce a dynamic equivalent translation, the most important thing for the translator was not to keep the original words, but to communicate effectively the original meaning, so that readers in the receptor language could understand the translation without any difficulty.As a matter of fact, “dynamic equivalence”was not solely built upon Bible translating. The basic translation principles in Nida‟s theory were developed considerably before his work with the Bible translators. In his early years of graduate work and doctoral study at university, he had objected to strict literal translation, and preferred an intelligible and stylistically appropriate translation. Later on, he elaborated his views on translation with examples from Biblical translations. It is a fact that Nida‟s theory is intended to guide Bible translations, but this does not mean that it is determined by Bible translating and only confined to Bible translation.4.4 Difference between Jin’s theory and Nida’s theory4.4.1 Reader-oriented vs. Text-oriented“Dynamic equivalence” pays more attention to the target reader s, while Jin‟s theory of “equivalent effect” attaches more importance to the original text.“Dynamic equivalence”is defined in terms of readers’response. For Nida, to measure “dynamic equivalence”, one should “only rightly compare the equivalence of response”.Jin‟s equivalent effect translation, however, requires reproduction of the “main spirit”, “concrete facts”, “artistic imagery”of the original text. Nida‟s focus on reader s‟ response allows necessary linguistic adjustments.To Yuen Ren Chao, the noted Chinese linguist, whether or not naturalizing translation was adopted should depend on the context. If a figure of speech was the main topic of a discourse (such as “the Lamb of God”in the biblical text), the translator should faithfully reproduce it into the receptor language. If it was used in a casual way, it should be replaced with an idiomatic equivalent in the receptor language.4.4.2 Flexible vs. InflexibleNida‟s “dynamic equivalence”is more flexible than Jin‟theory of “equivalent effect”.A dynamic equivalent translation tends to be a type of free translation, while Jin‟s equivalent effect translation tends to be a literal translation.In an interview Jin himself admitted that his translation was not so flexible as Nida‟s dynamic equivalent translation. He said:The translator is not required to adhere closely to the original text. This is because his theory is to guide Bible translation, and his translation purpose is to make people believe in Christianity. So Nida holds that the most important thing in translating is not word or content, but “receptors’response”, namely, their belief in Christianity. In my opinion, such a view is not suitable for literary translation. What I strive for is “effect”---the impact of the translation upon its readers is similar to the impact of the original text upon its readers.In Jin‟s view, a literary translation must adhere closely to the original text. As long as the three factors of the original text are faithfully reproduced, an equivalent effect can be achieved.4.4.3 Ideal objective vs. realistic goalJin‟s translation objective is ideal while Nida‟s dynamic equivalence is far more than an ideal goal.Jin stated that an equivalent effect translation was “an ideal objective”. Though there was no perfect translation, it was desirable for a serious translator to work at it.He even summarized that “the theory of …equivalent effect‟was an attempt to define the ideal of the non-existent perfect translation and to explore the approach to approximating it in practice.Nida‟s attitudes toward “dynamic equivalence”/ “functional equivalence”were different from phase to phase.(1) In phase one (1959-1964), Nida simply described the features of two basictranslation equivalences and did not point out which was better.Between strict formal equivalence and complete dynamic equivalence, there were “a number of intervening grades, representing various acceptable standards of literary translating”. There were also “varying degrees” of dynamic equivalent translations.A D-E translation did not mean that the more a translation approached the original text, the better it was.If a D-E translation went to extremes, the very freedom of form tended to distort the original message as well.(2) In phase two (1969-1984), Nida discussed “dynamic equivalence”in opposition to “formal correspondence”. During this period, he suggested that “dynamic equivalence”was a good translation, in which the form was restructured to preserve the same meaning, whereas “formal correspondence” and “paraphrase” were bad translation.One can justify two different types of dynamic equivalent translation designed primarily for two rather different purposes. It is safe for us to say that dynamic equivalent translations are not those that are closest to the original text in lexicon and grammar. Rather, depending on the readers for whom the translation is made, there is more than one dynamic equivalent translation.(3)At phase three (1984- ), “functional equivalence” was divided into two levelsof equivalence: the maximal level and the minimal level.The maximal level was an ideal. He claimed that this maximal level of equivalence was “rarely if ever, achieved, except for text having little or no aesthetic value and involving only routine information”. So it was impossible to attain such an objective in literary translation.In brief, a functional equivalent translation was not an ideal goal that the translator must pursue in their work. Rather, it had “different degrees of adequacy”from minimal to maximal level and a good translation always lay somewhere in between the two levels.4.4.4 Reasons for the differences between Jin’s theory and Nida’s theroyThere are mainly two reasons for the differences between Jin‟s theory and Nida‟s theory: (1) Jin‟s theory is, to some extent, very much influenced by traditional Chinese translation theories. (2) Nida‟s theory fails to address the issue of transference of aesthetic elements.(1) Before Jin accepted Nida‟s theory in the late 1970s, he had formed his own views about translation, and taken the combination of “accuracy and smoothness” as the standard of a good translation.The translator‟s objective is to accurately reproduce the content and feeling of the original text in an idiomatic language, but in actual translating it is hard to accomplish it.After he had contact with Nida‟s theory, he tried to find the way out of it from the standpoint of readers and communication theory. He wrote:Accuracy and smoothness in translating are inseparable from target readers. Translating is communicating across two languages. An accurate translation indicates that the message the target reader obtains from the translated text should besubstantially the same as the message the original reader has acquired from the original text. A smooth translation indicates that the target reader can understand the translation and receive the translated message without any difficulty.After Jin advanced his own theory of “equivalent effect” in the 1980s, he was not totally free from the bondage of his former translation standard of “accuracy and smoothness”. He held that an equivalent effect translation was to preserve “accuracy and smoothness” at the same time. This explained why he emphasized the importance of transference of “concrete facts” in his definition of equivalent effect translation.In 1990s, Jin‟s dependence upon Chinese traditional translation theory was more conspicuous. In his article "Translating Spirit", Jin put forward his translation principle of "faithfulness, expressiveness and spirit". He held that to accomplish an equivalent effect translation, the translator should "make the translated text similar to the original text in terms of "faithfulness,expressiveness and spirit".(2) Another reason for the discrepancy between the two theories is the limitations of Nida's theory. "Dynamic equivalence" is not restricted to Bible translation, but it has some limitations in guiding literary translation. This is simply because Nida's immediate concern is to about literary translation, hence it fails to address the transference of formal structures possessing stylistic values and aesthetic effects.Jin Yuelin also states:" Translating sense, which only requires expressiveness and faithfulness, is not an easy thing, and in some cases it is very difficult. Nevertheless,the difficulty is only a technical problem. Translating flavor, however, is quite another matter, for it requires recreation in translating".In Nida's theory ranslating means translating meaning, and his exploration of style or spirit in very inadequate for literary translation. When Jin translated Joyce's Ulysses, he had to face the problem of spirit transference. This is the reason why Jin eventually turns to Chinese traditional theory and classic literary criticism to seek for support for his theory of "equivalent effect".4.5 Comment on Jin's Chinese version of UlyssesIn spite of differences between Jin's theory and Nida's theory, the two theories are essentially the same. In fact, their discrepancies are only a matter of degree rather than a matter of nature.As Jin stated in the translator's note to his Chinese version of Ulysses, his translation objective was "to reproduce the original text as faithfully as possible so that the effect of this Chinese version upon its readers was similar to that of the English text upon its readers".4.5.1 Successful representation of Stream of ConsciousnessUlysses challenges the translator, because Joyce has used extensively "stream of consciousness" throughout his novel, recording the multifarious thoughts and feeling of characters without regard to logical argument or narrative sequence.4.5.2 Successful representation of normal narrativesAlthough Ulysses is distinguished for its unique technique of stream of consciousness, Joyce never hesitates to adopt normal narratives to describe what his characters hear, see and feel.4.5.3 Problems in Jin's Chinese version of Ulysses(1)Some expressions in Jin's rendering are not idiomatic Chinese(2)In handling stream of consciousness, Jin sometimes tends to adhere too closely to the original, with the result that some of his renderings fail to achieve his objective of "equivalent effect".(3)Another major problem with Jin's version lies in his handling of allusions. Allusions are references to well-know persons, things, or events. A writer usually employs allusions on the assumption that his readers share with him a common historical, cultural and literary heritage. When translating allusions, the translator has to face the fact that common readers in the target language may not be familiar with the allusions in another language and culture.Most allusions are not satisfactorily rendered in his version.In short, there are three major problems with Jin's version: (1) less idiomatic language expressions and comparatively awkward styly in some passages, (2) failure to make implicit information explicit in handling some passages of stream of consciousness, (3) literal rendering of most allusion.I think if Jin takes into full consideration average Chinese readers, or follows Nida's "dynamic equivalence" throughout his translating, these problem could have been easily solved.4.5.4 Implications of Jin's translation practice for the applicability of Nida's theory to literary translationJin says that there are three kinds of loyalty in translating:(1)The first is the loyalty to the original text, where the translator adheres closely to the word and sentence structure of the original text and is willing to sacrifice the artistic qualities of the target language for this objective.(2) The second is the loyalty to the target language, where the translator seeks to produce an artistically satisfying text in the target language in accordance with his own artistic standard regardless of the content in the original text.(3) The third is the loyalty to both the writer and the reader, which he upholds.However, sometimes Jin tends to be loyal to the writer and the text, and forgets his intended readers. The unsteadiness in Jin's translation is due to the following factors: 1) Jin does not take into full consideration the average Chinese reader throughout his translation of Ulysses, 2) He has wrongly estimated the intended reader of his version.If Jin follows Nida's theory throughout his translating, he will pay more attention to the acceptability of his readers.If Jin takes a more liberal attitude towards the reproduction of cultural-specific elements in handling allusions and avoids some "translationese" expression, I believe he will more satisfactorily attain his translation objective of "equivalent effect" in his work.Jin's translation of Ulysses convinces us that Nida's theory is applicable to literary translation between Chinese and English though it has some limitations about how to represent the aesthetic values of the original text into another language.。
2023年教师资格(中学)-英语学科知识与教学能力(初中)考试备考题库附带答案3
2023年教师资格（中学）-英语学科知识与教学能力（初中）考试备考题库附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共50题)1.(单项选择题)(每题2.00 分) The _____ approach to writing teaching pays attention to notonly what to write, but also how to write.A. product-orientedB. process-orientedC. form-focusedD. meaning-focused正确答案：B,2.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following belongs to learning outcomes?→ ←A. Role-playsB. Sequencing picturesC. SurveysD. Worksheets正确答案：C,3.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —What about→ ←supper that we had in that restaurantlast week?—Well,→ ←most worst one indeed.A. /; theB. /;aC. the ; theD. the; a正确答案：D,4.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Around the world more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Now, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.I would consider bungee jumping to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place 200 meters above the ground with an elastic rope tied to your feet. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say are as risky as bungee jumping includes jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs.Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modem societies has bec ome safe and boring. Not very long ago, people’s lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured, and life was a continuous battle for survival.Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in quite safe conditions: they buy food in shops, and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping. T he writer of the passage has a→ ←attitude towards dangerous sports.A. positiveB. negativeC. neutralD. critical正确答案：C,5.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? —→ ←，does it?A. It takes no timeB. It counts for nothingC. It doesn’t hurt to askD. It doesn’t make sense正确答案：C,6.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Polyester (聚酯)is now being used for bottles. ICI, the chemicals and plastics company, believes that it is now beginning to break the grip of glass on the bottle business and thus take advantage of this huge market.All the plastics manufacturers have been experiencing hard times as their traditional products have been doing badly world-wide for the last few years. Between 1982 and 1984 the Plastics Division of ICI had lost a hundred and twenty million dollars, and they felt that the most hopeful new market was in packaging, bottles and cans.Since 1982 it has opened three new factories producing "Melinar", the raw material from which high quality polyester bottles are made.The polyester bottle was born in the 1970s, when soft drinks companies like Coca Cola started selling their drinks in giant two-liter containers. Because of the build-up of the pressure of gas in these large containers, glass was unsuitable. Nor was PVC, the plastic which hadbeen used for bottles since the 1960s, suitable for drinks with gas in them, A new plastic had to be made.Glass is still cheaper for the smaller bottles, and will continue to be so unless oil and plastic become much cheaper, but plastic does well for the larger sizes.Polyester bottles are virtually unbreakable. The manufacturers claim they are also lighter, less noisy when being handled, and can be reused. Shopkeepers and other business people are unlikely to object to a change from glass to polyester, since these bottles mean few breakages, which are costly and time-consuming. The public, though, have been more difficult to persuade. ICIs commercial department is developing different bottles with interesting shapes, to try and make them visually more attractive to the public.The next step could be to develop a plastic which could replace tins for food. The problem here is the high temperatures necessary for cooking the food in the container.Manufacturers think polyester bottles are better than glass bottles becausethey→←.A. are cheaperB. are more suited to small sizesC. are more exciting to look atD. do not break easily正确答案：D,7.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I could speak→ ←Japanese→ ←Chinese, soI had to talk with him in English.A. not only; but alsoB. both; andC. neither; norD. either; or正确答案：C,8.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following belongs to the communicative approach?→ ←A. Focus on accuracyB. Focus on fluencyC. Focus on strategiesD. Focus on comprehension正确答案：B,9.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Experts have been warning→ ←of the health risks caused by passive smoking.A. at a timeB. at one timeC. for some timeD. for the time正确答案：C,10.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large computers were: only used by large, rich companies that could afford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market which are capable of doing the work which used to be done by much larger and more expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them.The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors, or WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of routine work, such as retyping letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss. From a manager's point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing routine jobs automatically outside office hours. But is it all good? If a lot of routine secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units. The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed Safety screens to put over a YDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them. Whatever the arguments for or against word processors, they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice. It is implied but NOT directly stated in the passage that with the use of word processors→ ←.A. some secretaries will lose their jobsB. routine jobs can be done automatically outside office hoursC. medical problems related to work with a VDU have increasedD. using word professors, secretaries can get more time to do more interesting work for their bosses正确答案：A,11.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Polyester (聚酯)is now being used for bottles. ICI, the chemicals and plastics company, believes that it is now beginning to break the grip of glass on the bottle business and thus take advantage of this huge market.All the plastics manufacturers have been experiencing hard times as their traditional products have been doing badly world-wide for the last few years. Between 1982 and 1984 the Plastics Division of ICI had lost a hundred and twenty million dollars, and they felt that the most hopeful new market was in packaging, bottles and cans.Since 1982 it has opened three new factories producing "Melinar", the raw material from which high quality polyester bottles are made.The polyester bottle was born in the 1970s, when soft drinks companies like Coca Cola started selling their drinks in giant two-liter containers. Because of the build-up of the pressure of gas in these large containers, glass was unsuitable. Nor was PVC, the plastic which had been used for bottles since the 1960s, suitable for drinks with gas in them, A new plastichad to be made.Glass is still cheaper for the smaller bottles, and will continue to be so unless oil and plastic become much cheaper, but plastic does well for the larger sizes.Polyester bottles are virtually unbreakable. The manufacturers claim they are also lighter, less noisy when being handled, and can be reused. Shopkeepers and other business people are unlikely to object to a change from glass to polyester, since these bottles mean few breakages, which are costly and time-consuming. The public, though, have been more difficult to persuade. ICIs commercial department is developing different bottles with interesting shapes, to try and make them visually more attractive to the public.The next step could be to develop a plastic which could replace tins for food. The problem here is the high temperatures necessary for cooking the food in the container.Why aren’t all bottles now made of polyester?_→←A. The price of oil and plastic has risen.B. It is not suitable for containing gassy drinks.C. The public like traditional glass bottles.D. Shop-keepers dislike reusable bottles.正确答案：C,12.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) passage 1Seventy years ago, more than 160, 000 Allied troops stormed the beaches of Normandy during the D-Day invasion. And while we all know that day served as a huge turning point for the Allied cause, you probably haven’ t thought much about what those soldiers carried with them to eat during and after the invasion food had to be light-weight, nutritious and very high in energy: after all, these men were about to invade Nazi-occupied land . As it so happens, the one substance that could fulfill all those requirements was a very unlikely item-a Hershey, s chocolate bar.The Hershey chocolate company was approached back in 1937 about creating a specially designed bar just for U. S. Army emergency rations. According to Hershey’ s chief chemist Sam Hinkle, the U. S government had just four requests about their new chocolate bars: they had to weight4 ounces, be high in energy, withstand high temperatures and “taste a little better thana boiled potato”，The final product was called the “D ration bar”， a blend of chocolate, sugar, cocoa butter, skim milk powder and oat flour. The viscous mixture proved too thick to move through the normal chocolate bar manufacturing set up at the Hershey plant, so initially each bar had to be packed into its 4-ounce mole by hand.As for taste, well-most who tried it said they would rather have eaten the boiled potato. The combination of fat and oat flour made the chocolate bar a dense brick, and the sugar did little to mask the overwhelmingly bitter taste to the dark chocolate. Since it was designed to withstand high temperatures, the bar was nearly impossible to bite into. Mostmen who ate it had to shave slices off with a knife before they could chew it, and despite the U. S Armys best efforts to stop the men from doing so, some of the ration bars ended up in the trash. Later in the war, Hershey introduced a new version, known as the Tropical bar, specially designed four extreme temperatures of the Pacific Theater. By the end of the war, the company had produced more than 3 billion ration bars.But “Hitler’ s Secret Weapon”，as many infantrymen referred to the chocolate bar, was hardly the only candy in the D-Day rations. Candy was an easy way to pep up the troops, and the quick burst of energy provided by sugar was a welcome addition to kit bags along with the D rations, troops received three days worth of K ration packs . These were devised more as meal replacements and not sustenance snacks like the D rations, and came complete with coffee, canned meats, processed cheese and tons of sugar . At various points during the war, men could find powdered orange or lemon drink, caramels, chewing gum and-of course-more chocolate . along with packs of cigarettes and sugar cubes for coffee, the K ration packs provided plenty of valuable energy for fighting men.Which of the following features of D ration bars is NOT true according to the passage?A. Light weightB. High energyC. Spicy tasteD. Heat resistance正确答案：C,13.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When you are learning English, listening, speaking and writing are important, but reading can also be very helpful. When you read, you can not only learn some new words, but also you can learn how to use these English words. When you read, it gives you a good example for writing.Try to read at the right level(水平). Read something that you can (more or less) understand. If you need to stop every three words to use a dictionary, it is not interesting.Try to increase the number of your new words. If there are four or five new words on a page, write them in your notebook. But you don't have to write them while you read. Instead, try to guess their meaning as you read: mark them with a pen. Then come back when you have finished reading to look them up in a dictionary and write them in your own vocabulary book. Then try to remember them.Try to read regularly. For example, read for a short time once a day. Fifteen minutes every day is better than two hours every Sunday. Fix(固定)a time to read and keep to it. You could read for fifteen minutes when you go to bed, or when you get up or at lunchtime.Read what interests you. Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like, because you are going to spend time and money reading it. So, choose an interesting book. You can also read newspapers. There are many English newspapers in China. For example, 21st Century Teens. It is easy enough for you to understand it. There is something interesting in it. Which of the following sentences is right?→ ←A. Reading a lot can help you write better.B. When you read, you can only learn some new words.C. It is interesting for you to stop every three words to use a dictionary.D. Try to read something that you can't understand to make your English better.正确答案：A,14.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When a reader tries to guess the meaning of a new word based on the contextual clue, which one of the following approaches is he using?→ ←A. Bottom-up ApproachB. Top-down ApproachC. Interactive ApproachD. Situational Approach正确答案：B,15.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Passage TwoRespect is not included in the marriage vows. No illustrated books show how to achieve it. And yet it is central to a lasting, satisfying marriage.What is this thing called respect? It is not the same as admiration. "When you fall in love, you admire the other, "says Dr. Alexandra Symonds, associate clinical professor of psychiatry at the New York University, School of Medicine.” You look up to someone-much the way a child idealizes a parent.”Such romantic admiration thrives and even depends on the illusion that he or she is "perfect for you.95 Thafs why it doesnt last. "You come to see that the person you married isnt exactly what you expected.", says Francine Klagsbrun. "There are differences of personality, of approaches to life, different ways of doing things. ”You can try to change your mate back into your fantasy. But for the marriage to last and grow its better to →agree to disagree←, to learn to let each other be. Only by taking this path can you begin to develop real respect toward each other.“I have one patient whose husband loves sports，especially tennis，”says Dr. Symonds.” She would prefer to go to the theatre, or to stay at home and read. She could simply say, ‘We have different tastes.’ Instead, she says, How can he waste his time and money that way? She puts him down."The put-down is the chief symptom and weapon of lack of respect or contempt. "Contempt is the worst kind of emotion.” says Symonds. "You feel the other person has no worth.’ We’ve all seen marriages in which one or both partners attack the other quite savagely in the guise of Its for your own good. Any "good" is→ undone ←by the hostile tone. A wife nags her husband to be more ambitious and makes him feel like a failure because he prefers craftsman- ship or community projects to the competitive business world. Or a husband accuses his wife of wasting time whenever she gets together with a friend. "Why isnt she doing something productive?"In good marriage partners nurture each others self-esteem. They may express humorous incomprehension of one anothers preferences, but they never make the other person feel like an idiot. "Martyrs idea of a vacation is to go down to the basement on a sunny day and spendtime woodworking, "says Dr. Alexandra Symonds of her husband, psychiatrist and surgeon Martin Symond.But theres fondness in the gibes and firm support for the others right to be himself. Respect is expressed in words like. ul dont want to go to the concert, but you have a great And occasionally, "Sure, III come with you. Just dont him angry if I fall asleep. " Respect, then is appreciation of the separateness of the other person, of the ways in which he or she is unique. These things take time to discover and accept.Thats the paradox of a good marriage: only by respecting each other as you are do you open the door to change. The root meaning of the word respect is "to look at". Respect is a clear yet loving eye. It sees what is really there, but it also sees what is potentially there and helps bring it to fruition. Respect is the art of love by which married couples honor what is unique and best in each other.The underlined word "undone" in Paragraph 7 suggests that_____.A. what you said reversed what you meantB. what you said was not what you meantC. what you said meant nothing to your partnerD. what you said failed to touch the heart of your partner正确答案：C,16.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When he first arrived in China，he wondered what the future might have→ ←for him. But now all his worries are gone.A. in timeB. in needC. in preparationD. in store正确答案：D,17.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) China is developing a rural health care service system; I am sure more peasants will benefit→ ←.A. of whichB. from whichC. in whichD. about which正确答案：B,18.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When Thomas Butler stepped off a plane in April 2002 on his return to the United States from a trip to Tanzania, he set in motion a chain of events that now threatens to destroy his life. A microbiologist at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Butler was bringing back samples of the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis for his research. Yet on re-entering the country, he is alleged to have passed right by US customs inspectors without notifying them that he was carrying this potentially deadly cargo. That move and its consequences have led the federal government to prosecute Butler for a range of offences.If convicted on all counts, he could be fined millions of dollars and spend the rest of his life in jail.The US scientific community has leapt to butlers defense, arguing that his prosecution is over- zealous, alarming and unnecessary. The presidents of the National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine have written to Attorney General John Ashcroft, claiming that the case could endanger research into countering the threat of bioterrorisrn. And the academys human-rights committee has asked its members to write letters on Butters behalf and to donate funds for his defense.Those who defend Butler argue that the rules governing the import of pathogens are so restrictive that bending them is the only option for researchers who are working to provide protection from deadly diseases that afflict the developing world. Why, they ask, prosecute Butler for infractions of rules that made his work more difficult without serving a useful purpose?The supporters consider that the charge laid against Butler merely reflects the determination of federal prosecutors to throw the book at Butler to make an example of him to others. Many researchers now fear falling victim to an overzealous prosecution if they fail to dot all the island cross all the area on their paperwork. Some US microbiologists are so frightened of being hauled off in handcuffs for a minor administrative oversight that they have decided to avoid biodefence research entirely-despite the current funding boom in the field.Whether Butler is a villain or a scapegoat is now for a jury to decide. But whatever verdict is eventually reached, scientists who are lobbying on Butlers behalf would do well to consider public perceptions. If the rules governing the import of pathogenic bacteria make no sense, then microbiologists must make that ease clearly, and lobby for the regulations to be changed. Researchers are also justified in making statements to help ensure that any punishment that Butler might receive is proportionate.But researchers risk a damaging public protest if the main message that emerges is that his peers think he was justified in carrying samples of the plague bacterium onto a commercial flight. Appearing to deny the importance of rules designed to protect the public from deadly pathogens, however unwieldy those rules may be in practice-will not engender trust. It will not foster a culture of responsibility. And it would show disregard for the publics faith that scientific research will be conducted as safely and as competently as possible.According to Butlers defenders, the prosecution of Butler will→←.A. discourage the biological researchB. loosen the import controls of pathogensC. punish one to warn a hundredD. cause new panic in the United States正确答案：A,19.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When students engage in group work, the teacher moves aroundto provide help if necessary and makes sure they are doing the task properly. This iscalled_____.A. instructingB. observingC. monitoringD. evaluating正确答案：A,20.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Potential subjects should be informed of the research and→ ←an opportunity to decide if they want to participate.A. gaveB. givingC. giveD. be given正确答案：D,21.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) We went right round to the west coast by→ ←sea instead of driving across→ ←continent.A. the; theB. /; theC. the; /D. /;/正确答案：B,22.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Unfortunately, the new edition of dictionary is→←in all major bookshops.A. out of reachB. out of stockC. out of businessD. out of season正确答案：B,23.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers.Our car was full of flowers inside! On the way home we had to stop at traffic lights, and there my wife saw the bookshelf. It stood outside a furniture shop. "Buy it," she said at once, "we’ll carry it home on the roof- rack(车顶架). I've always wanted one like that." What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer, and the bookshelf was tiedonto the roof rack. It was tall and narrow, quite heavy too. As it was getting darker, I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea. After a time my wife said, "There's a long line of cars behind, why don't they overtake(超车)?" Just at that timea police car did overtake, the two officers(警官)inside looked at us seriously when theywent past. But then, with a kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy traffic, the police car stopped at our village church(教堂). One of the officers came to me. "Right，sir," he said. "Do you need any more help now?" I didn't quite understand. "Thanks, officer," I said. "You've been very kind. I live just down the road. " He was looking atour things: first at the flowers, then at the bookshelf. "Well, well," he said and laughed."It's a bookshelf you've got there! We thought it was, or something else." My wife began to laugh. Suddenly I understood why the police drove here. I smiled at the officer. "Yes, it's a bookshelf, but thanks again. " I drove home as fast as I could. What made the writer think that carrying furniture was "a good idea”?→ ←A. He could drive slowly and it was safe.B. Other drivers would let him go first.C. His wife could use a new bookshelf.D. He could save a lot of money and time.正确答案：B,24.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which is the core and soul of Education?→ ←A. studentB. schoolC. teacherD. school master正确答案：A,25.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which is an indispensable part of a syllable?→ ←.A. CodaB. OnsetC. StemD. Peak正确答案：C,26.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of→←.A. absence of obstructionB. presence of obstructionC. manner of articulationD. place of articulation正确答案：A,27.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) What does "locating the specific information" help to train?→ ←A. scanningB. skimmingC. inferringD. read in depth正确答案：A,28.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The→ ←method is a more fitted to the explicit presentation of grammar when the basic structure is being identified.A. inductiveB. contrastiveC. comparativeD. deductive正确答案：D,29.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Hundreds of years ago, life was harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modem medicine, either.Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution hasmade our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most seriouskind of pollution to all living things in the world cars, planes and factories all polluteour air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over acity. This kind of quilt is called smog.Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn’t let dirty smoke go into the air.We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throwthem on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same ear. If thereare fewer people driving, there will be less pollution. Rules are not enough. Every personmust help to fight pollution. Factories must clean their water→ ←.A. before they are thrown awayB. when they are thrown awayC. after it is thrown awayD. before it is thrown away正确答案：D,30.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly→ ←him.A. disturbedB. distinguishedC. distressesD. disputes正确答案：A,31.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following sets of English sounds differs onlyin one distinctive feature?→←A. [v][e][k][e]B. [p][t][f][s]C. [i][i][e][b]D. [p][il[b][s]正确答案：B,32.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The process of perceiving others is rarely translated(to ourselves or others)into cold, objective terms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.”More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpointhis or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore,we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly--perhaps witha two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responsesare called for, deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observethe person's responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the penson about him or her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-question, self-disclosures, and soon.Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that wewon't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those thingsthat get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keepus from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well(e.g. secrets and deceptions)maybe just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things enableus to obtain accurate knowledge about a person(e.g. disclosures and truthful statement).We may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him because→ ←.A. we don't accept the idea that we might never fully know another personB. we often get information in a casual and inexact wayC. we pay more attention to other people's motivations and emotionsD. we often have face-to-face conversation with him正确答案：B,33.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Why are you standing there, Maggie?—I can't see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting→ ←me.A. behindB. in front ofC. besideD. next to正确答案：B,34.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The classroom teaching environment consists of classroom environment and→ ←.A. social environmentB. communication environmentC. practice environmentD. game environment正确答案：A,35.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Where is Love? How can we find Love?The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like "Paleolithic Man", "Neolithic Man", etc., neatly sum up the whole periods. When the time。
国内外研究综述(英文)
Research status on teachers’adaptation to the new junior middleschool biology textbooksJingxin HeGuangzhou University colleye of life science,Panyu,Guangdong,China916822016@Jingxin HeKeywords: Biology teachers, New textbooks, Adaptation.Abstract. This article briefly introduced research survey of biology teachers’ adaptation for the new textbooks at internal and abroad.The results indicated that the research on teachers’adaptation to the new junior middle school biology textbooks has great theoretical and practical significance.初中生物教师对新教材的适应性研究现状何静欣广州大学生命科学学院，番禺广东，中国916822016@何静欣关键词:生物教师; 新教材; 适应性中文摘要.本文简要介绍了国内外在生物教师对教材的适应性研究概况。
研究结果说明深入开展初中生物教师对新教材的适应性研究具有重要的理论与现实意义。
1国内研究概况随着课程改革的实施，初中生物教材或多或少也随之发生改变，这样，新教材就会成为研究对象，与新教材相关的问题研究也会受到研究者的重视。
在国内，初中生物教师对新教材的适应性研究主要涉及三个方面，分别是生物教材的研究、生物教师与教材的研究、初中各学科教师关于适应性问题的研究。
英语专业毕业论文题目(中英文对照版)..doc
英语专业毕业论文题目（中英
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英语专业毕业论文题目（中英文对照版）本文关键词：英语，中英文对照，题目，专业毕业论文
英语专业毕业论文题目（中英文对照版）本文简介：对于一篇英文论文来说，题目是留给导师和读者的第一印象，题目拟的不好，很难引起读者的兴趣和共鸣，也难以彰显作者的学术水平，本文选取了60篇优秀的英语专业毕业论文题目，这60个题目都是中英文对照版，供英文专业的毕业生参考。
1、国际商务谈判中的双赢语用策略TheWin-
英语专业毕业论文题目（中英文对照版）本文内容：对于一篇英文论文来说，题目是留给导师和读者的第一印象，题目拟的不好，很难引起读者的兴趣和共鸣，也难以彰显作者的学术水平，本文选取了60篇优秀的英语专业毕业论文题目，这60个题目都是中英文对照版，供英文专业的毕业生参考。
1、国际商务谈判中的双赢语用策略
The Win-Win Pragmatic Strategies in International Business Negotiation
2、Grice 的合作原则在国际商务谈判中的应用
The Application of Grice’s Cooperation Principle in International Business Negotiation。
07届本科毕业论文备选题(英语专业)
07届本科毕业论文备选题（英语专业）英汉翻译方向On Foreignization and Domestication of Cultural Factors in Translation(浅谈翻译中文化因素的异化和归化)On Treatment of Cultural Factors in Translation (翻译中文化差异的处理方法)On English Translation of Public Signs in Chinese (汉英公示语的翻译)On Translation of English Names of Commendation (英语商品名称的翻译)The relationship between Cultural Difference and Translation Skill 中英文化差异与翻译An Approach to the Translation of Poetic Image诗歌翻译的意象问题探讨A Study of the Chinese Version of Titles of English Films英语电影片名汉译研究A Study of the Chinese Version of Titles of English Novels英语小说题目的汉译问题A Comparative Study of the English Version of the Poem “ Untitled “ by Li Shangyin 李商隐的诗〈无题〉的英译比较研究Foreignization and Translation of IdiomsOn Culture Translation under ForeignizationOn Faithfulness in TranslationOn Fidelity and Expressiveness in TranslationInterpreting and Interpreting SkillsOn Literal Translation and Free TranslationThe Comparison and Translation of Chinese and English IdiomsEquivalence and its Application in TranslationCultural Equivalence in TranslationLearning a Foreign Language Through TranslationArts in Verse TranslationA Comparative Study of Two English Version of Hong Lou MengOn Translating the Passive VoiceOn the Translation of English Long SentencesThe Social and Cultural Factors in Translation PracticeThe Application of Functional Equivalence in English and Chinese Cross-cultural Trans Exploring English-Chinese Audiovisual TranslationOn Chinese Translation of Journalistic EnglishOn the Criteria of InterpretationOn the Unit of TranslationThe Cultural Differences and Arts of Translation in Advertising LanguageOn Transformation between Parts of Speech in E-C TranslationExploring Substitution and Ellipsis in TranslationOn English Proverbs TranslationOn the Criteria of TranslationThe Analysis of Translation StyleCultural Differences and Translation StrategiesTranslation and Foreign Language YeachingChinglish in C-E YranslationA Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Allusions and their Translation English Neologisms in Newspaper and their TranslationOn Translation of Humor in Pride and PrejudiceOn Features of Journalistic English and its TranslationCultural Discrepancies and their Influences on TranslationEnglish and Chinese Translation Song lyricsTranslation of Address Term between English and ChineseOn the Importance of Context in TranslationOn the Translation of English Pun into ChineseThe Role of Dictionary in TranslationThought Pattern and its Influence on TranslationLexical Characteristics of Legal English and Legal Lexicon Translation Features of Foreign Trade English and its Translation ModelOn Euphemism TranslationTranslation of Metaphor from English into ChineseFeatures of Tourism English and its Translation翻译中的文化因素影视字幕翻译的原则影响长句翻译的因素例析英译汉中形象语言的处理生活中广告英语的翻译特色对翻译原则“以信为本，求真求美”的思考翻译中的中国英语与中国式英语南昌旅游景点中英翻译错误及纠错对策背景知识在口、笔译中所扮演的角色分析商务英语翻译的不对等性英美文学The Gift of Magi and ConsumensmA Brief Comment on An American TragedyAn Analysis of the Source of Dichson's Death PoemsOn The Call of the WorldLove Tragedy and War—An Analysis of A Farewell to ArmsSister Carrie and Jennie GerhardtThe Evil of Mankind Portayed in Moby DickOn Henry Heming in The Red Badge of CourageEmily Dickingson and her PoemsAnalysis of A Rose of EmilyThe Aesthetic Interpretation of Ezra Pound's PoetrySymbolism in The Great Gatsbyan Analysis of the theme of adventures of Huckleberry FinnOn the symbolism of The Old Men and the SeaSome English Learner’ image of America(survey and study)Influence of the Bible on English LiteratureDeviation and Foregrounding in … (using literar y works for a case study)The Language of Shakespeare’s Sonnets, or of any particular literary worksCultural Shocks in the English Language TextbooksDeep Love And Deep Hate—A Brief Analysis On Wuthering HeightsPsychological Descriptions In Hemingway’s The Snows Of KilimajaroOn Ernest Hemingway And His Novel The Sun Also RisesDifference Between China And The West Reflected In Social Manners鸟的赞歌--------评英国浪漫派诗歌《呼啸山庄》的悲剧分析海明威英汉形象和冰山风格《名利场》的现实意义苔丝的形象分析哈姆雷特的犹豫再探讨爱伦坡小说的艺术创作成就爱伦坡小说人物塑造O Neill剧作对美国戏剧的影响华兹华斯的语言风格华兹华斯的自然观诗人哈代简述哈代的悲剧性叙事艺术On Hardy's tragedy narrative art奥斯丁与勃朗特写作风格异同The comparison between Austen and Bronte in writing style 杰克·伦敦(或某作家)《》(某作品)评述On Farewell to Arms of Hemingway浅析《失乐园》中撒旦的形象塑造《还乡》的悲剧艺术特色蓓基形象再解读蘩漪与伯莎梅森的比较研究爱玛形象的魅力海明威研究——浅析海明威笔下的女硬汉子《苔丝》的悲剧性与现代性 Tragedy and Modernity in Tess of D’Urbervilles华兹华斯诗歌的和谐观 On the View of Harmony in Word sworth’s Poetry海明威小说的悲剧意识从《老人与海》看海明威的创作特点《红色英勇勋章》的叙述技巧分析论《白鲸》的象征含义论吴尔夫的《一间自己的房间》中的女权主义论简.奥斯汀对《爱玛》主人公的塑造《红字》中的象征哈姆雷特的人物特征及悲剧根源华兹华斯《孤独的割麦女》赏析杰克·伦敦的个人奋斗莎士比亚的悲剧人物《名利场》人物与艺术特色之分析简析英国浪漫派诗人：1800年左右安东尼奥与夏洛克的对抗肖伯纳的戏剧评论简论十九世纪英国女性生活The Beauty in Sense, in Sound and in Form关于德伯维尔家族的叙述在《苔丝》中的重要作用德莱塞的自然主义论海明威的死亡意识The Negative Influence of Society on the Oliver TwistMrs. Browning’s Sonnets from the PortugueseLove Stories in William Cather’s “O Pioneers”The Literature Characteristics in A Tale of Two CitiesOn the Symbolism of wrence’s “The Rainbow”Simple Analysis on Milton and Paradise LostOn the Author and the Major Characters of The PearlThe Analysis of Santiago’s CharacterRobinson Crusoe and the Colonial EmpireA Farewell to Arms—A Clear MirrorOn the Humanism in "A Tale of Two Cities"The Modernist Features in "Wuthering Heights"A Feminist Study of "Heart of Darkness"Naturalism as Reflected in "The Call of the Wild"论《天路历程》的象征和社会意义论《名利场》的社会意义浪漫的现实——丁尼生作品浅析《蝇王》中的象征迪金森的自然诗麦琪悲剧的成因——《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》解读从存在主义视角解读《永别了武器》《永别了武器》中主人公亨利形象分析《蝇王》的主题分析《蝇王》的象征意义英语教学法On Sino—Western Cultural Differences and the Structure of Chinese College Students' 中西文化差异与中国大学生中式英语结构The Application of Cooperative Learning Theory in Senior High School English Reading 高中生英语阅读教学中合作学习理论的运用Interaction in Oral English Teaching 英语口语教学中的互动On Developing English Reading Skills 论英语阅读技能的培养The Strategies of Topic Controlling in Spoken English 英文口语中的语题控制策略Communicative Competence and Focused Task-based Teaching ApproachError Analysis and English TeachingOn Developing English Reading SkillsInteraction in Oral English TeachingRole-play in English TeachingCultural Teaching in English in Middle SchoolUsing Questions in English ReadingResearch on the Improvement of Middle School Students’ Communicative CompetenceOn Bilingual Teaching in Primary SchoolHow to Design Questions in the Classroom TeachingNew Concepts of Modern English TeachingHow to Arouse Students’ Potentialities in Learning English by Using Non-intelligence Autonomous Language Learning in CALL EnvironmentsOn Attitude and Motivation in Second Language LearningMaking Use of Resources on the Internet to Assist English LearningTask-based Language Teaching Methodology and its Application in ReadingUsing Task-based Method and Internet Resources to Improve Teaching of Classroom Readi The Study of Learner’s Motivation and its In fluence upon Learners and their Learning On Communicative Competence, Exploring the Learning Process in China’s Context Interaction and English Language TeachingTeacher’s Roles and their Impact upon Learner’s Learning ProcessThe Comparison or Analysis of Different ELT Methods and its Application in China’s L The Student’s Learning Autonomy and Language TeachingTeaching the Different Skills Based on the Interactive Approaches.The Relationship between Affective State and Language Learning.Errors and Language Learning.Teacher’s Talk and Students’ LearningMy Perspectives of Senior/Junior English for ChinaCognitivism and English Teaching of Listening and SpeakingA Survey of Students’ Motivation of Learning EnglishExtracurricular Activities and English TeachingA Study on Cooperative Learning in Classroom TeachingCommunicative Approach and Grammar TeachingNetworked Multimedia and Senior/Junior English TeachingIs Multimedia Effective for Language Learning/Teaching?Improving English Reading through Online NewspapersReflections on CALL/CAINetwork-based English Teaching of Reading/Writing/Listening: What Advantages? Applying Task-based Teaching Principles to Organize Oral Classroom Activities Interactive Theory and the Teaching of Listening ComprehensionEffective Ways to Improve Efficiency of Vocabulary LearningImprove Students' Oral Proficiency by UsingCommunicative Language Teaching MethodTeaching English by Student-centered ApproachHow to Combine Traditional English Teaching Methods with Communicative Language Teach Importance and Feasibility of Improving Students' Communicative CompetenceMake the Best of Language Learning Strategies to Improve English Learning Efficiency How to Improve Students' Learning Style in Classroom TeachingThe Importance of Understanding Mild Tones in Studying the English LanguageThe Role of Cultural Background Knowledge in Studying the English LanguageOn English Vocabulary AcquisitionEnglish and Chinese Comparison and TranslationDifferences between American and British EnglishA Cognitive Approach of English OnomatopoeiasA Brief Analysis of English MoviesEnglish Ambiguity and Its FunctionThe Pragmatic Analysis of the Motivations for EuphemismInfluence of Science and Technology on English VocabularyA Study of Student-Centered English Vocabulary TeachingFactors Influencing English Learning and Possible SolutionsComputer-assisted English ReadingApplication of Non-verbal Communication in English TeachingPsychology in English TeachingHow to Develop Students’ Abilities to Listen and Speak English EffectivelyHow to Make Use of Mother Tongue in English TeachingPrinciples of English Learning and TeachingStrategies on Intercultural Communication Training in English TeachingReading Efficiently: An English Classroom Model Focusing on Students’ Reading Abilit Factors Affecting English Listening and its Appropriate MeasuresIntensifying Cultural Awareness in Middle School English Teaching—With A Sample Teac Apply Communicative Approach to Pleasant Teaching—Analysis Of My Sample Teaching Exp The Strategic Difference between Effective Listeners and Ineffective ListenersOn Error-Correction Strategy in Oral English ClassroomOn the Use of Interactive Approach in Writing ClassroomOn the Reciprocal Method of Teaching English ReadingOn Developing English SkillsCollaborative Learning in Writing ClassMotivation in English LearningTask-based Teaching in Writing ClassThe Brain-storming in English WritingIncreasing Cultural Awareness in English WritingThe Importance of Free WritingThe Application of Multimedia Technology in College English TeachingThe Connection between College English Teaching and CET-BAND4How to Improve the Students' Listening Ability Effectively in English TeachingTask-based Method of English Teaching in Middle School英语单词科学记忆如何提高英语阅读速度与质量How to improve English reading speed and quality如何在阅读教学中培养学生的跨文化意识如何在英语阅读教学中体现师生的互动略论课外阅读与英语写作的关系外语工作者如何为江西在中部地区崛起做出贡献略论英语听力能力的培养如何培养大学非英语专业学生的四项基本技能如何提高大学生的英语写作水平大学英语专业学生词汇量与阅读能力相关性研究课堂里的艺术--口语教学研究增强课堂活力-英语听力课的教学探索和实践提高中学英语课堂教学质量的途径快乐活动性原则及其在儿童英语教学中的应用科技英语口译人才培训研究口语教学中的模拟训练方法精读教学法在外语教学中的利与弊教师行动研究在中学英语教学中的应用中国初中英语教师素质探究论多媒体辅助大学英语课堂教学的利与弊浅谈新课标背景下中学英语课堂活动教学论“互动”教学法提高英语学习兴趣的有效途径高校专业英语阅读教学模式初探优秀语言教师素质－－专业学生的观念调查学生评教的意义和问题专业学生英语自主学习模式研究建构支持专业英语学习的校园环境专业英语课程设置合理性问题探讨课堂交互性调查－－中方和外方教师课堂比较外教在提升专业英语水平的角色探讨专四对英语学习的影响（后效作用）专八对英语学习的影响（后效作用）专业英语学习中管理策略的使用如何利用多媒体辅助教学手段促进中学外语教学？英语教学中语言与文化的关系几种外语教学方法的比较问题、思考、改进——使每个学生学好英语英语教学中的文化意识英语教学中如何实施被动学习向主动学习的转化英语阅读教学的发展趋势与探索英语课堂教学中的双向交流英语教学几种课型的安排教学评价之我见改革英语教学方法注重培养学生能力浅谈“ｐａｉｒｗｏｒｋ”在课堂教学中的运用英语教学中的“互动”教学模式多媒体英语教学与学生自主学习能力的培养英语教学活动中作业布置法的实践与研究从英语写长法学习英语写作江西农村中学外语教学现状调查江西农村小学外语教学现状调查论多媒体教学条件下的师生互动论外语教学模式与大学生学习动机的相融性大学英语常用段落展开手法双语教学实践与研究英语专业泛读教学的思考与实践英语专业“阅读”课教学改革英语专业基础阅读课与短期强化培训阅读课比较英语口语学习策略英语听力学习中的干扰因素分析英文电影与英语听说教学任务型教学方法在中学外语教学中的应用研究非言语交际与外语教学焦虑对听力理解的影响论学习风格和英语成绩的关系互联网在外语教学中的作用课堂提问的方式和技巧中英恭维语比较英语语言学可理解输出假设的中国现实性The Local Reality of the Comprehensible Output Hypothesis可理解输入假设的心理现实性The Psychological Reality of the Comprehensible Input HypothesisAn Analysis of the Access Effect Advantages of the Prefabricated Chunks预制语块提取效应优势分析The Presentation of the Second Language’s Mental Lexicons of Chinese Middle School S 中国中学生二语心理词汇的表征Ways of Child Language Acquisition儿童语言习得方法The Change of English Word Meaning: Factors and Types英语词义改变:因素与类型The Linguistic Characteristics of Advertising EnglishOn Linguistic Features in O Henry's WorksOn the Formation and Use of Parody in English and Chinese英语语音学浅析从翻译视角看中西方思维差异被动意义表达的英汉对比研究英汉复合名词对比研究英汉否定表达比较研究英汉语序比较与翻译问题研究语篇（话语）分析功能语言学与阅读教学翻译理论与实践词汇教学方法与技巧语言问题研究语用学与教学英汉句法对比研究认知语法与句法教学语用失物分析再谈认知隐喻交际修辞的语用分析探究语篇信息度的认知分析英语语音学的理论与实践语言与文化The Analysis on the Differences of Interpersonal Relationship between Eastern and Wes 东西方人际关系要素差异探析On Values of Chinese from Perspective of Lexicon从词汇角度读中国人的价值观Research on Sino-Western Differences of Cooperative Principles合作原则的中西方差异初探The Comparison of Euphemism in Wording of Sino-Western Letters中西书信用语的委婉语比较How to avoid ambiguity in different culture如何避免由文化差异造成的歧义On the Influence of Network Vocabulary on Chinese Language英语网络词汇对汉语的影响The Cultural Connotation of English Etymology and the Teaching of English Vocabulary 英语词源的文化内涵与词汇教学An Analysis of the Political Prejudice in VOA 《美国之音》的语汇与政治偏见分析A Comparison Between News Report of BBC and VOA BBC 与VOA新闻报道之比较English idioms—A Mirror Reflecting British CultureAmerican culture Reflected in the Use of Words of American EnglishTranslation of Brand Names and their Cultural AssociationsOn Cultural Differences of Body Language between English and ChineseA Comparative Study on Sexism in both English and ChineseEuphemism—Their Construction and ApplicationCultural Comparison in IdiomsThe Cultural Conflict in the Cross-Cultural CommunicationA Talk of Cultural Difference between China and the WestOn Language and Culture in TranslationFamily Education Differences between China and Western CountriesThe Effect of Context on the Meaning of WordsA View on the Differences between Chinese and English Cultures with Regard to TaboosA View on the Differences between Chinese and English Cultures with Regard to Etiquet A View on the Similarities and Differences between Chinese and English Cultures in Te Proverbs and CultureExotic Cultures Influence on English VocabularyThe Differences Between Chinese and Western Cultures and English Education The Impact of Economic Globalization on World CultureThe Cultural Effect Of Civilized English On English Writing从现代汉语中的英语外来词看中国文化对西方文化的吸收与处理中国学生英语习得中的母语迁移现象论影响跨文化沟通的主要因素校园交际中的语码选择唐诗英译中文化意象保留英语教学中汉文化的参与和渗透母语和第二语言阅读的文化差异与认知体系英语写作中汉语干扰因素分析中英文化交际差异对比英语词汇与变化类比在现代中英词汇中的应用拟声理据的应用词的理据与文化历史的关系小说《喜福会》中的文化碰撞广告语篇翻译中的跨文化交际汉语的负迁移与英语学习论中西文化的差异对中西餐饮业的影响英汉词汇的社会文化内涵漫谈美语口语中的俚语现象透析汉英颜色词背后的文化英汉习语文化差异探源浅析英语委婉语。
英语本科专业英美文学方向毕业论文选题参考
1. An Analysis of Hardy’s Comparisons in Tess of the d'Urbervilles浅析哈代在《德伯家的苔丝》中对比手法的运用2. The Use of Hemingway’s Iceberg Theory in The Old Man and the Sea海明威“冰山原理”在《老人与海》中的运用3. An Analysis of Alec’s Personalities in Tess of the d'Urbervilles解读《德伯家的苔丝》中阿雷克的性格4. An Interpretation of the Female Character Estella in Great Expectations《远大前程》中女性形象艾丝黛拉解读5. An Interpretation of the Female Character Miss Havisham in Great Expectations《远大前程》中女性形象郝维辛小姐解读6. The Use of Stream of Consciousness in Mrs. Dalloway浅析《达洛维夫人》中的意识流运用7. Fatalism in Tess of the d'Urbervilles by Thomas Hardy哈代的宿命论在《德伯家的苔丝》中的体现8. An Analysis of Thomas Hardy’s Attitudes towards the Heroine in Tess of the d'Urbervilles哈代对《德伯家的苔丝》中女主人公的态度解读9. An Interpretation on the Themes of the Poems Written by Emily Dickenson艾米莉·狄金森诗歌主题解读10. A Comparative Study between the Heroines’ Personalities in Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights 《简·爱》与《呼啸山庄》女主人公性格对比研究11. An Analysis on the Causes of Tess's Tragedy苔丝悲剧人生的成因分析12. An Interpretation of the 18th-cen tury English Female’s Choice of Husbands from Jane Austen’s Novels从简·奥斯丁作品解读十八世纪英国女性择偶观14. A Comparative Study of Three Chinese Versions of “Of Studies”《论学习》三种汉译本比较研究15. Translation Strategies and Techniques of Long Sentences in TEM 8英语专业八级中长句的翻译策略与技巧16. A Survey on the Status of English and American Literary Classics’ Reading of English Majors英语专业学生阅读英美文学名著状况调查17. A Survey on the Current Teaching Situation of English and American Literatures in Universities of China关于我国高校英美文学教学现状的调查报告18. A Survey on the English Majors’ Current Learning Situation of English and American Literatures in Universities of China高校英语专业学生英美文学学习现状调查报告19. A Survey on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of the Course of English and American Literatures’ Marginalizatio n英美文学课程“边缘化”现状调查与对策研究20. A Survey on the English Majors’ Use of Electronic Dictionaries in Learning English and American Literatures英语专业学生在英美文学学习中使用电子辞典情况调查分析21. An Analysis of the Writing Features of the Short Stories by O. Henry欧亨利短篇小说写作手法分析22. An Interpretation on the Themes of the Poems Written by Edgar Allan Poe爱伦坡诗歌主题解读23. An Interpretation on the Views of Nature from the Poems Written by William Wordsworth浅析华兹华斯诗歌中的自然观24. An Interpretation of the Female’s Images in Hamlet《哈姆雷特》中的女性形象解读25. An Analysis of the Male Protagonist’s Personality Development from Great Expectations《远大前程》男主人公性格发展分析26. A Comparative Study between the Two Heroines of Vanity Fair《名利场》两位女主人公比较研究27. An Analysis on the Causes of Heathcliif's Tragedy from Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》男主人公悲剧人生原因分析28. A Survey on the Status of English and American Literary Classics’ Reading of English Majors驻保高校英语专业学生阅读英美文学名著状况调查29. A Survey on the English Majors’ Current Learning Situation of English and American Literatures in Universities of China驻保高校英语专业学生英美文学学习现状调查报告30. A Survey on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of the Course of English and American Literatures’ Marginalization英美文学课程“边缘化”现状调查与对策研究31. A Survey on the Influence of Movies Adapted from Literary Works on the Current Learning Situation of English and American Literatures文学名著改编电影对改善英美文学学习现状的调研报告32. An Analysis of Symbolism in “A Rose for Emily”浅析《献给艾米丽的一朵玫瑰》中的象征意义33. A Comparative Study of Three Chinese Versions of “Of Studies”《论学习》三种汉译本比较研究本文档部分内容来源于网络，如有内容侵权请告知删除，感谢您的配合！。
第二学历英语专业毕业论文备选题（英语专业）
第二学历英语专业毕业论文备选题（英语专业）英语教学1. A Study of the Development of English Language Teaching Methodologies2.The Application of Cooperative Learning Theory in Senior High School EnglishReading Teaching3.Interaction in Oral English Teaching4.On Developing English Reading Skills5.The Strategies of Topic Controlling in Spoken Englishmunicative Competence and Focused Task-based Teaching Approach7.Error Analysis and English Teaching8.On Developing English Reading Skills9.Interaction in Oral English Teaching10.Role-play in English Teaching11.Cultural Teaching in English in Middle School12.The Improveme nt of Middle School Students’ Communicative Competence13.On Bilingual Teaching in Primary School14.Question-Design and its Influence in the Classroom Teaching15.Non-intelligence Factors in Promoting Students’ Potentialities in LearningEnglish16.Autonomous Language Learning in CALL Environments17.On Attitude and Motivation in Second Language Learning18.Making Use of Resources on the Internet to Assist English Learning19.Task-based Approach in Reading Instruction20.The Study of Learner’s Motivation and its Influence upon Learners and theirLearning Process21.On Communicative Competence22.Interaction and English Language Teaching23.Teacher’s Roles and their Impact upon Learner’s Learning Process24.Teaching Different Skills Based on the Interactive Approaches25.The Relationship between Affective State and Language Learning26.Errors and Language Learning27.Teacher-Talk in English Language Teaching Context28.Cognitivism and Teaching of Listening and Speaking29.A Survey of Students’ Motivation of Learning English30.Extracurricular Activities and English Teaching31.Cooperative Learning in Classroom Teachingmunicative Approach Employed in Grammar Teaching33.Multimedia and Its Effect on Language Learning/Teaching34.Reflections on CALL/CAIwork-based English Teaching of Reading/Writing/Listening36.Applying Task-based Teaching Principles to Organize Oral Activities37.Interactive Theory and the Teaching of Listening Comprehension38.Effective Ways to Improve Efficiency of V ocabulary Learning39.Improve Students' Oral Proficiency by Using Communicative Language TeachingMethod40.Student-centered Approach in English Language Teaching41.Importance and Feasibility of Improving Students' Communicative Competence42.Learning Strategies in the Improvement of English Learning Efficiency43.How to Improve Students' Learning Style in Classroom Teaching44.The Role of Cultural Background Knowledge in English Study45.On English V ocabulary Acquisition46.Differences between American and British English47.English Ambiguity and Its Function48.Influence of Science and Technology on English V ocabulary49.A Study of Student-Centered English V ocabulary Teaching50.Factors Influencing English Learning and Possible Solutions51.Application of Non-verbal Communication in English Teaching52.Strategies on Intercultural Communication Training in English Teaching53.Reading Efficiently: An English C lassroom Model Focusing on Students’Reading Ability54.Factors Affecting English Listening55.Intensifying Cultural Awareness in Middle School English Teaching56.The Strategic Difference between Effective Listeners and Ineffective Listeners57.On Error-Correction Strategy in Oral English Classroom58.On the Use of Interactive Approach in Writing Instruction59.Collaborative Learning in Writing Instruction60.Motivation in English Learning61.Task-based Teaching in Writing62.The Brain-storming in English Writing63.Increasing Cultural Awareness in English Writing64.How to Improve the Students' Listening Ability Effectively in English Teaching65.Task-based Method of English Teaching in Middle Schools66.英语单词科学记忆67.如何提高英语阅读速度与质量68.如何在阅读教学中培养学生的跨文化意识69.如何在英语阅读教学中体现师生的互动70.略论课外阅读与英语写作的关系71.如何培养中学生的四项基本技能72.如何提高中学生的英语写作水平73.中学英语专业学生词汇量与阅读能力相关性研究74.课堂里的艺术--口语教学研究75.增强课堂活力-英语听力课的教学探索和实践76.提高中学英语课堂教学质量的途径77.快乐活动性原则及其在儿童英语教学中的应用78.口语教学中的模拟训练方法79.教师行动研究在中学英语教学中的应用80.论多媒体辅助中学英语课堂教学的利与弊81.浅谈新课标背景下中学英语课堂活动教学82.论“互动”教学法提高英语学习兴趣的有效途径83.中学英语阅读教学模式初探84.中学生英语自主学习模式研究85.课堂交互性调查－－中方和外方教师课堂比较86.如何利用多媒体辅助教学手段促进中学外语教学？87.英语教学中语言与文化的关系88.几种外语教学方法的比较89.英语教学中的文化意识90.英语教学中如何实施被动学习向主动学习的转化91.英语阅读教学的发展趋势与探索92.英语课堂教学中的双向交流93.英语教学几种课型的安排94.英语教学中的“互动”教学模式95.多媒体英语教学与学生自主学习能力的培养96.英语教学活动中作业布置法的实践与研究97.论多媒体教学条件下的师生互动98.论外语教学模式与中学生学习动机的相融性99.双语教学实践与研究100.英语口语学习策略101.英语听力学习中的干扰因素分析102.任务型教学方法在中学外语教学中的应用研究103.非言语交际与外语教学104.焦虑对听力理解的影响105.论学习风格和英语成绩的关系106.互联网在外语教学中的作用107.课堂提问的方式和技巧108.高中生英语阅读教学中合作学习理论的运用109.中西文化差异与中国中学生中式英语结构110.教师的堂内角色变异英语语言及文化1.The Change of English Word Meaning: Factors and Types2.The Linguistic Characteristics of Advertising English3.On the Formation and Use of Parody in English and Chinese4.The Analysis on the Differences of Interpersonal Relationship between Easternand Western People5.Research on Sino-Western Differences of Cooperative Principles6.The Comparison of Euphemism in Wording of Sino-Western Letters7.How to avoid ambiguity in different cultures8.On the Influence of Network V ocabulary on Chinese Language9.The Cultural Connotation of English Etymology and the Teaching of EnglishV ocabulary10.An Analysis of the Political Prejudice in VOA11.American culture Reflected in the Use of Words of American English12.Translation of Brand Names and their Cultural Associations13.On Cultural Differences of Body Language between English and Chinese14.A Comparative Study on Sexism in both English and Chinese15.Euphemism—Construction and Application16.Cultural Comparison in Idioms17.The Effect of Context on the Meaning of Words18.Differences between Chinese and English Cultures with Regard to Taboos19.Differences between Chinese and English Cultures with Regard to Etiquette20.Similarities and Differences between Chinese and English Cultures in Terms ofProverbs21.The Influence of Exotic Cultures on English V ocabulary22.The Differences Between Chinese and Western Cultures and English Education23.东西方人际关系要素差异探析24.中西书信用语的委婉语比较25.合作原则的中西方差异初探26.如何避免由文化差异造成的歧义27.英语网络词汇对汉语的影响28.英语词源的文化内涵与词汇教学29.从现代汉语中的英语外来词看中国文化对西方文化的吸收30.中国学生英语习得中的母语迁移现象31.论影响跨文化沟通的主要因素32.英语教学中汉文化的参与和渗透33.母语和第二语言阅读的文化差异与认知体系34.英语写作中汉语干扰因素分析35.类比在现代中英词汇中的应用36.广告语篇翻译中的跨文化交际37.英汉词汇的社会文化内涵漫谈38.美语口语中的俚语现象透析39.汉英颜色词背后的文化40.英汉习语文化差异探源41.浅析英语委婉语42.被动意义表达的英汉对比研究43.英汉复合名词对比研究44.英汉否定表达比较研究45.英汉语序比较与翻译问题研究46.功能语言学与阅读教学47.词汇教学方法与技巧48.认知语法与句法教学49.交际修辞的语用分析探究50.语篇信息度的认知分英汉翻译1.On Foreignization and Domestication of Cultural Factors in Translation2.On Treatment of Cultural Factors in Translation3.On English Translation of Public Signs in Chinese4.On Translation of English Names of Commendation5.The relationship between Cultural Difference and Translation Skill6.An Approach to the Translation of Poetic Image7. A Study of the Chinese V ersion of Titles of English Films8. A Study of the Chinese V ersion of Titles of English Novels9.Foreignization and Translation of Idioms10.On Culture Translation under Foreignization11.On Literal Translation and Free Translation12.The Comparison and Translation of Chinese and English Idioms13.Equivalence and its Application in Translation14.Cultural Equivalence in Translation15.On Translating the Passive V oice16.On the Translation of English Long Sentences17.The Social and Cultural Factors in Translation Practice18.The Application of Functional Equivalence in English and Chinese Cross-culturalTranslation19.On Chinese Translation of Journalistic English20.On the Criteria of Interpretation21.On the Unit of Translation22.The Cultural Differences and Arts of Translation in Advertising Language23.On Transformation between Parts of Speech in E-C Translation24.Exploring Substitution and Ellipsis in Translation25.The Analysis of Translation Style26.Cultural Differences and Translation Strategies27.A Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Allusions and their Translation28.English Neologisms in Newspaper and their Translation29.On Features of Journalistic English and its Translation30.Cultural Discrepancies and their Influences on Translation31.Translation of Address Term between English and Chinese32.On the Translation of English Pun into Chinese33.Features of Foreign Trade English and its Translation Model34.On Euphemism Translation35.Features of Tourism English and its Translation36.翻译中的文化因素37.影响长句翻译的因素38.例析英译汉中形象语言的处理39.生活中广告英语的翻译特色40.翻译中的中国英语与中国式英语英美文学1. A Study of The Gift of Magi2. A Brief Comment on An American Tragedy3.On The Call of the World4.Love Tragedy and War—An Analysis of A Farewell to Arms5. A Study of Sister Carrie6.The Evil of Mankind Portrayed in Moby Dick7.On Henry Heming in The Red Badge of Courage8.Emily Dickinson and her Poems9.Analysis of A Rose of Emily10.Analysis of the theme of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn11.On the symbolism of The Old Men and the Sea12.The Language of Shakespeare’s Sonnets13.Deep Love And Deep Hatred—A Brief Analysis of Wuthering Heights14.Psychological Descriptions In Hemingway’s The Snows Of Kilimajaro15.On Ernest Hemingway And His Novel The Sun Also Rises16.The Literature Characteristics in A Tale of Two Cities17.On the Symbolism of D.H. Lawrence’s The Rainbow18.《呼啸山庄》的悲剧分析19.海明威英汉形象和冰山风格20.《名利场》的现实意义21.苔丝的形象分析22.哈姆雷特的犹豫再探讨23.爱伦坡小说的艺术创作成就24.爱伦坡小说人物塑造25.华兹华斯的语言风格26.华兹华斯的自然观27.简述哈代的悲剧性叙事艺术28.浅析《失乐园》中撒旦的形象塑造29.《还乡》的悲剧艺术特色30.从《老人与海》看海明威的创作特点31.论《白鲸》的象征含义32.论简.奥斯汀对《爱玛》主人公的塑造33.《红字》中的象征34.哈姆雷特的人物特征及悲剧根源35.杰克·伦敦的个人奋斗36.《名利场》人物与艺术特色之分析37.简论十九世纪英国女性生活38.德莱塞的自然主义39.论《天路历程》的象征和社会意义40.《永别了武器》中主人公亨利形象分析。
高中英语学术论文研究方法单选题40题
高中英语学术论文研究方法单选题40题1. In an academic paper, which of the following is NOT a common research method?A. Quantitative analysisB. Qualitative researchC. Hypothesis testingD. Random guessing答案：D。
本题主要考查对常见学术研究方法的理解。
选项A“Quantitative analysis”（ 定量分析）、选项B“Qualitative research”（ 定性研究）和选项C“Hypothesis testing” 假设检验）都是常见的研究方法。
而选项D“Random guessing”（ 随机猜测）并非一种科学的研究方法。
2. When conducting research for an academic paper, which of the following is a classification of research methods based on data collection?A. Historical researchB. Experimental studyC. Descriptive analysisD. Documentary research答案：D。
本题考查研究方法基于数据收集的分类。
选项A“Historical research” 历史研究）侧重于对过去事件的研究；选项B“Experimental study”（ 实验研究）是通过控制变量来探究因果关系；选项C“Descriptive analysis”（ 描述性分析）是对现象的描述。
而选项D“Documentary research” 文献研究）是基于已有的文献资料进行收集和分析，属于基于数据收集的分类。
3. In an academic paper, which research method mainly focuses on understanding the meaning and experience of individuals?A. Empirical studyB. Grounded theoryC. Content analysisD. Case study答案：B。