高考英语名词知识点知识点复习(1)
高中英语2025届高考语法复习词法知识讲解(名词+冠词+代词)
高考英语语法复习词法知识讲解一、名词中英文都有名词，英文名词与中文的主要区别是单数、复数变化。
（一）复数变化英语名词在表示复数时，需要变化。
怎么记呢？第一，先记主要变化，末尾加s。
比如books。
第二，记住哪些加es？1、以s、x、ch、sh结尾，加es。
比如boxes, bushes.为什么？因为加s从读音上无法区分。
不能是buss，而是buses [iz]。
注意：绝大多数特殊变换，都是为了读音方便，以后你会见到这条规律反复出现。
2、y结尾改为ies，比如babies，families。
为什么？因为y是半元音，有时发元音、有时发辅音，不改变形式容易造成读音错误。
（但为什么boys，monkeys又是直接加s呢？因为y前面是元音）3、f结尾改为ves，比如lives，knives。
4、o结尾的单词，一般有生命的加es。
比如heroes，potatoes，buffaloes。
其他直接加s，比如photos，pianos。
第三，不规则变形。
1、fish，sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese单复数同形。
2、oo复数变ee。
比如foot-feet，tooth-teeth，goose-geese。
3、man复数变men，比如women，policemen。
4、很不规则的变形：mouse－mice; ox－oxen；child－children。
第四，只有复数。
clothes，trousers，glasses等，只有复数，没有单数。
怎么表示一副眼镜？很简单，一副+眼镜，a pair of glasses。
people、police、cattle等，本身只有复数，表示整体。
当people表示民族、部落时，可以有复数形式，即peoples。
为什么要区分单数复数？英语名词的单复数，决定了后面动词的形态，比如是is还是are，是has还是have。
我们后面讲到“主谓一致”时再详细讲解。
（二）不可数名词单数和复数是针对可数名词。
高考英语名词的知识点
高考英语名词的知识点（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
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高考英语名词知识点讲解
高考英语名词知识点讲解在高考英语考试中，名词是一个重要的考点，掌握名词的用法和相关知识点对于正确理解和运用语法规则至关重要。
本文将从常见名词的分类、数的变化、所有格的用法以及名词的特殊形式等方面进行讲解。
一、名词的分类名词是指表示人、事物、动、静、抽象概念等的名称。
根据名词的性质和用法，可以将名词分为以下几种类型：1. 专有名词：用来表示特定的人、地点或机构的名称，如Tom、Beijing、Harvard等。
这些名词通常首字母大写。
2. 普通名词：指一般的人、事物或概念，如boy、book、love 等。
3. 可数名词和不可数名词：可数名词表示可以计量的东西，可以用来表示单数或复数，如book（单数）- books（复数）；不可数名词表示不能计量的东西，只能用单数形式，如water、money。
4. 集体名词：用来表示一类事物的群体，如family、team。
虽然是单个名词，但其表达的是一个整体概念。
二、名词的数的变化名词通常有单数和复数两种形式，掌握名词的数的变化规则是理解和运用名词的关键。
1. 可数名词的复数形式：大多数可数名词在单数形式后加-s或-es来表示复数形式，如books、desks。
但也存在一些特殊的复数形式，如child（复数形式为children）和tooth（复数形式为teeth）。
2. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有复数形式，因为它们表示的是一种不可分割的整体，如water、furniture。
3. 集体名词：在使用集体名词时，根据上下文的需要，可以使用单数或复数形式。
当强调整体时，使用单数形式；当强调个体时，使用复数形式，如The team is playing well.（整体强调）The team are wearing different colors.（个体强调）三、名词的所有格的用法名词的所有格用来表示名词所属或关系，常常通过在名词后加-apostrophe和-s来构成。
高考英语语法总复习之之实词1(名词数词)课件
主语、宾语、
表语、补语
定语
名词的作用
状语
同位语
注意：可数名词作定语
• 名词作定语一般用单数 数词加“-”名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式 two-dozen eggs; a ten-mile walk; a five-year plan
• 用复数作定语的情况 sports meeting; students reading-room
以字母-o结尾 以-sis结尾的外来词
词尾加-es 词尾加-s 变-sis为-ses
hero→heroes, potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes photo→photos, kilo→kilos, piano→pianos basis→bases, analysis→analyses, crisis→crises
观察例句 判断下面句子或短语中加粗名词所起的作用
1. Jack is to meet you at the airport. 杰克会到机场接你。 2. The affair is still a complete mystery. 这事件仍然完全是个谜。 3. Everyone likes the boy including the boy himself. 每个人都喜欢男孩，包括他自己。 4. We made him monitor of our class. 我们选他做我们的班长。 5. air pollution空气污染 winter sleep冬眠 stone bridge石桥 6. The war lasted eight years. 这场战争持续了八年。 7. Smith, our monitor, left school last year. 我们的班长史密斯去年退学了
高考英语新名词知识点知识点总复习附答案(1)
高考英语新名词知识点知识点总复习附答案(1)一、选择题1．The report at the conference analyses in detail why a new legal is needed to better protect the environment.A．currency B．framework C．allowance D．occupation 2．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 3．Determination is the most important of all the ____________ because without determination, you will end up doing nothing.A．tactics B．virtues C．emotions4．He stood at the water’s ____________ and looked across the lake.A．edge B．course C．exit5．One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages.A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault6．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster7．Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A．instructions B．solution C．descriptions D．message8．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products.A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 9．It’s her ________ of time to medical research that helped Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize. A．supply B．respect C．devotion D．arrangement10．I practiced a lot in the training center so that I could pass the driving test at my first__________.A．attempt B．experimentC．flight D．glance11．The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of________woman to be defeated by a of fate.A．damage B．collapse C．twist D．share12．It's difficult to guess what his ______ to the news would be.A．reaction B．opinion C．comment D．impression 13．Charles Darwin explained the ________ of species on earth in his book that came out in1859. A．ancestor B．origin C．belief D．custom14．Last month L.A．declared a________of emergency as protests over killing of Geroge Floyd a black man turned violent.A．state B．condition C．situation D．circumstance 15．During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system. A．stages B．journeys C．species D．demands16．Since he did not prepare for the whole story before class, he just read the of the plot instead. A．headline B．expression C．outline D．title17．Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.A．trend B．tendency C．tension D．threat 18．President Donald Trump's first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress and the media, which was criticized by many as a(n) _________ from tradition.A．departure B．benefit C．escape D．lesson19．The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear.A．mirror B．sight C．reflection D．shadow20．With the _______ of the mid-term examinations, the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous.A．approach B．access C．attachment D．appearance 21．This book gives a brief _______ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.A．outline B．output C．operation D．organ22．I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any________to me. A．meaning B．importance C．sense D．significance 23．On _________ that all go smoothly, we can realize our annual goals as expected. A．situation B．case C．condition D．environment 24．The expert says the farm helps reduce Beijing’s __________ on dirty energy that creates the capital’s heavy smog.A．convenience B．confidence C．reliance D．importance 25．Childhood ________ often play a big part in shaping one’s character .A．courses B．experiences C．effects D．records【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
高考名词知识点
名词一：名词的分类专有名词：指某人，某地,某机构等专有的名称，其首字母要大写。
如Hong Koｎg, Ｃhina, Bill Cliｎton，Rｅd Cｒoｓs个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体,如 stｕdent, booｋ名普可数名词词通集体名词:表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：faｍiｌy, sｃhｏol,gｒoｕp, peoplｅ名词不可数名词物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：cｏtton, aｉr,ｔｅa抽象名词：表示抽象概念,如:worｋ，haｐｐｉneｓs, ｎｅｗs二、名词的数1:可数名词有单、复数形式,规则名词单复数变化:1）绝大多数在词尾加ｓ。
如：bｏok, boｏks; bag, bags；cup, cuｐｓ; fａｃｅ，faces．2）以ch, ｓh,s，x, o结尾的名词加es。
如：watch, watcheｓ；ｂrｕｓh, ｂrushｅs；hero，herｏes; class, clａsses;3）以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词,将y改为ｉ，再加eｓ。
例如:ｂａby, ｂａbieｓ; ｆamiｌｙ, ｆaｍilieｓ;以元音字母＋ｙ结尾的名词,直接加ｓ。
例如:boy, bｏys; key, keys4）以ｆ或ｆe结尾的名词，先将f或fe改为v，再加es构成复数形式，如：lｅaｆ, leaｖeｓ; wifｅ, ｗｉveｓ．2.不规则名词单复数变化:(1)单复数同形:ｓhｅep, deer，fｉｓh，means，speｃｉeｓ，works(工厂), Ｃhｉnesｅ，Japanesｅ，Sｗｉsｓ(2)改变字母：mａn--mｅn,wｏmａn－-women,pｏlicemａn--ｐoｌicemen, saleswomaｎ--saｌeswomen, ｆoot--fｅeｔ,ｔooth -－ｔeeth，ｇoose －-ｇｅｅse,Mouｓe --Mice , ｐhenomenｏｎ-－phenoｍena（3）增加字母：child --ｃhildren，ox –ｏxeｎ(4)以o结尾的词:加s：photo, ｒadio, piano, ｚoo，studio, ｂaｍboｏ, tｏｂａcco, kangaroo加es: tｏmaｔo, poｔａtｏ, ｈeｒo，Negｒo, ｄiｎgｏ（5)以f或fe结尾的词：直接加s：roof,proｏf,beliｅf,chief，ｇulf,变f为v再加ｅs:ｌife，wiｆe, kｎife，half，ｌｅaｆ, ｗolｆ，ｔhieｆ另外:hanｄkerｃhｉｅｆ(handkerｃｈiｅfs或hanｄkercｈieves)3.名词单复数的特殊情况：(１）集体名词只用作复数pｏlｉcｅ,ｃａｔtle ,peｏple , thｅｙoｕtｈ（2) 集体名词用作不可数名词: clotｈiｎg, ｆurｎiｔｕre,lｕggagｅ(baggａgｅ)，ｗealｔh(３) 集体名词视具体情况而定单复数：familｙ, clasｓ, ｐopｕlatiｏn, gｒoup, team，coｍpany,ｇoｖｅrnｍeｎt, commitｔeｅ, ａｕｄienc ｅ, enemy(4)只有复数形式的名词:ｃlothes, trouserｓ,jeans, ｔwｉnｓ，gｌaｓsｅｓ, ｓcｉsｓors，gｏｏds ，ｔhanks，wishe ｓ, tearｓ,trooｐs,(5）以s结尾但不表示复数:１.mａths，pｏliｔiｃｓ,ｐhysiｃs等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
英语名词知识点高考汇总
英语名词知识点高考汇总在高考英语考试中，名词是一个重要的考点。
掌握好名词的知识点对于考生来说至关重要。
接下来，我们将对英语名词知识点进行汇总和归纳，帮助考生复习和掌握这一重要的考点。
1. 可数名词和不可数名词在英语中，名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词指的是可以用数字进行计数的名词，如book（书），car（车）等。
不可数名词则指的是不可以用数字进行计数的名词，如water（水），information（信息）等。
2. 可数名词的单复数形式可数名词的单数形式通常是名词本身，而复数形式则需要根据具体的规则进行变化。
常见的复数形式有以下几种规则：a. 在名词后面加-s，如books（书），cars（车）等。
b. 以-ss，-sh，-ch，-x，-o结尾的名词，复数形式在词尾加-es，如classes（课程），wishes（愿望），churches（教堂），boxes（盒子），tomatoes（西红柿）等。
c. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改为i，再加-es，如ladies（女士们），countries（国家）等。
d. 以f或fe结尾的名词，一般将f或fe变为v，再加-es，如leaves （叶子），knives（刀），wives（妻子们）等。
3. 不可数名词的用法和表达不可数名词通常表示无法具体计数的事物，需要用量词来修饰，如a cup of coffee（一杯咖啡），a piece of advice（一条建议）等。
另外，有些名词可以同时作可数名词和不可数名词使用，如paper（纸）。
当paper指的是"纸张"时是可数名词，而当paper指的是"文件"时是不可数名词。
4. 名词所有格的用法名词所有格表示某物属于某人或某物。
通常在名词后面加-apostrophe （'）和-s来表示名词所有格，如Tom's book（汤姆的书），the student's pen（学生的钢笔）。
高考英语最新名词知识点分类汇编含解析(1)
高考英语最新名词知识点分类汇编含解析(1)一、选择题1．He has been spreading false stories in a(n)____________to smear(诽谤)us.A．attempt B．programme C．intention D．dream2．It's difficult to guess what his ______ to the news would be.A．reaction B．opinion C．comment D．impression 3．Lulu grew up in the ____________ of her high-performing sister, Sophia.A．protection B．gesture C．shadow4．Since 1949, the people’s living standard ____, causing a big ____ in population.A．has been raised; rise B．has been risen; raiseC．has raised; rise D．has raised; rose5．Space exploration provides a ______ of national pride.A．reason B．portrait C．statue D．symbol6．The worker was satisfied with his boss because he was offered a good .A．salary B．price C．service D．reason7．Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A．instructions B．solution C．descriptions D．message 8．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________.A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol9．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products.A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 10．This unjust _______ of people on the basis of skin color was challenged. A．determination B．adaptation C．separation D．submission 11．It’s her ________ of time to medical research that helped Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize. A．supply B．respect C．devotion D．arrangement 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health.A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief 13．Charles Darwin explained the ________ of species on earth in his book that came out in1859. A．ancestor B．origin C．belief D．custom 14．Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big __________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.A．project B．commitment C．competition D．ambition15．No body knows the man who was killed in the accident, so it is difficult for the police to find out his .A．accent B．source C．identity D．mystery16．He gained ______ to this universityA．permission B．accommodation C．scholarship D．admission 17．Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.A．trend B．tendency C．tension D．threat18．With the _______ of the mid-term examinations, the majority of the students are becomingmore and more nervous.A．approach B．access C．attachment D．appearance 19．Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their____________ to push the boundaries of human achievement.A．intelligence B．influences C．impression D．attempts 20．—Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes?— Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.A．feature B．plan C．cost D．trick21．One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have___________ to places like shops and restaurants.A．method B．access C．way D．means22．In the________of further evidence,the police were unable to solve the murder in a short term. A．presence B．charge C．control D．absence23．If you can't find a ladder,use a strong chair as a ___________.A．replace B．substitute C．choice D．chance 24．Training of the employees was suggested as one _____ to dealing with the problem of low efficiency.A．method B．wayC．approach D．means25．I practiced a lot in the training center so that I could pass the driving test at my first__________.A．attempt B．experimentC．flight D．glance【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
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解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：如果你想有一个好的视野，你最好站在山顶上。A. sight景象；B. scene场面；C. look样子；D. view视野。习惯用法：get/haveagoodview“有好的视野或视角”。故选D。
5．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：没有证据表明吃的过多是引起体重问题的主要原因。A.doubt疑问；B.wonder难怪；C.evidence证据；D.belief信念。根据句意理解，没有证据可以证明肥胖问题的原因这种说法比较通顺容易理解。故选C项。
A．connectionB．evidenceC．powerD．belief
13．Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________.
A．methodB．experiment.C．warningD．effect
14．He wins the Nobel Prize for his outstanding _________to physics.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
A．outlineB．outputC．operationD．organ
18．The good news that he got a_________to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family.
A．prospectB．promotionC．priorityD．privilege
10．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍金有聪明的才智，对人性有着深切的关怀，这使得他能够克服严重的疾病成为一个著名的科学家。A. aid帮助；B. concern关心；C. glory荣耀；D. basis基础。根据句意可知，此处用“关心”符合语境，故选B项。
11．D
解析：D
A．reactionB．opinionC．commentD．impression
3．Many scientists have believed that there may be a ______ of life on tharkD．sigh
4．If you want to get a good ___________, you’d better stand on the top of the hill.
6．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析及固定搭配。contribution贡献，捐赠，捐助；construction建造，建筑物; coincidence巧合;一致；composition作文，作曲。句意:正在被建的留守儿童楼将于3月竣工。本句说的是建筑物，因此要用建造中。under construction意为“（正在）修建中”，因此选B。
A．aidB．concernC．gloryD．basis
11．Finding the ________ to this problem is no easy task .
A．relaxationB．imaginationC．inventionD．solution
12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health.
A．topicB．shortcutC．cureD．recipe
16．The police are offering a $ 60,000 _____ for information about the killer.
A．priceB．prizeC．awardD．reward
17．This book gives a brief _______ of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.
9．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：令大家吃惊的是，这个三岁的小男孩居然一字不漏地背诵了三字经。A. slide滑动；B. slip疏忽，错误；C. sneeze喷嚏；D. squeeze挤压。根据“To everyone's surprise”可知，三岁男孩背诵三字经没有一点错误让每个人都很惊讶。故选B。
8．They lived in a backward part of the country, with no electricity, paved roads or easy ______ to safe drinking water.
A．lackB．guaranteeC．remedyD．access
高考英语名词知识点知识点复习(1)
一、选择题
1．Jane is nice but she has a ______ to talk too much.
A．trendB．tendencyC．tensionD．threat
2．It's difficult to guess what his ______ to the news would be.
A．contributionB．construction
C．coincidenceD．composition
7．If you feel any_____ in your neck, put a towel under your head for support when sleeping.
A．tensionB．abortionC．submissionD．dimension
A．stateB．conditionC．situationD．circumstance
24．—Any ________ to how long I can keep the book?
—Yes. You must return it by next Tuesday.
A．limitB．timeC．numberD．length
9．To everyone's surprise, the three-year-old boy recited Three-Character Canon without making a single.
A．slideB．slipC．sneezeD．squeeze
10．Hawking owned a brilliant intellect with a deep ____ for humanity, which enabled him to overcome his terrible disease and become a famous scientist.
A．methodB．way
C．approachD．means
21．The expert says the farm helps reduce Beijing’s __________ on dirty energy that creates the capital’s heavy smog.
A．convenienceB．confidenceC．relianceD．importance
25．Mr. Li Jiacheng is considered one of the most successful businessmen in the world. And, he regards himself as the ________ of the times.
A．instructorB．expertC．favoriteD．admirer
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：简人很好，但她话太多。A. trend趋势，走向；trend towards/in sth.动态；B. tendency趋势，癖好；tendency (for sb./sth.) to do sth.倾向；偏好；C. tension紧张，张力；D. threat威胁。根据题干中搭配的介词是to, tendency to do sth.表示“简喜欢说太多的话”。故选B。
7．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你感到颈部肌肉紧张，睡觉时放一个毛巾在头下垫着。A. tension紧张(在句中表示颈部肌肉紧张)；B. abortion堕胎；C. submission屈服、提交；D. dimension方面、维度。结合句意可知，此处用“颈部肌肉紧张”符合语境，故选A项。
2．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：很难猜测他对这个消息会有什么反应。A. reaction反应；B. opinion观点；C. comment评论；D. impression印象。分析句子可知，应是很难猜测他对消息的反应是什么。故选A。
3．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：很多科学家相信在火星上有生命迹象。A. signal信号；B. sign标语，迹象；C. mark标记；D. sigh叹气。火星上的生命是有迹象的。故选B。
A．contributionB．conclusionC．additionD．explanation
15．Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _________ for disaster to some, because AI-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.