2018届松江区高考英语一模
松江区2017学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语(满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2017.12I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10分）Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question mil be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a concert. B. In a restaurant. C.In a flower shop. D.In a supermarket.2. A. 15. B.50. C.85. D.100.3. A. Excited. B. Interested. C.Entertained. D.Disappointed.4. A. Because her boss will return her the money after seeing the receipt.B.Because her boss asks her to buy a lot of things.C.Because she wants to establish a standard procedure in her company.D.Because she wants to check everything she has bought.5. A. Go on with the chat. B.Review his lessons.C. Connect with his friends.D.Talk with his friends face to face.6. A. He is always in a good mood. B.He has spent more money than expected.C. He is good at playing the piano.D.He5s pleased with his purchase.7. A. Mr. White’s new appointment. B. Mr. White's vacation.C. An important vacant position.D. How to apply for a job.8. A. Her shoes will be in stock next month.B.She is longing for the shoes that are currently unavailable.C.She is unwilling to wait for a long time.D.She can’t bear waiting.9. A. Policeman and car driver. B. Librarian and student.C. Doctor and patient.D. Post clerk and customer.10. A. John will deliver a presentation tomorrow about a new electronic device.B.The clients are very nervous about the quality of the new car.C.Tracy’s presentation is about a type of new electric car.D.Tracy is nervous because this electric car hasn’t received positive feedback before. Section B (15 分）Directions. In Section Bf you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11 .A. Because man makes us of only 20% of the brain’s capacity.B. Because the other 80% of man’s brain will grow in due time.C.Because man’ brain has grown larger over the past centuries.D.Because man will use his brain more and more as time goes on.12. A. He thinks and feels in different ways.B.He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C.He has no hair because it is no longer useful.D.His fingers grow weaker because he doesn’t use them.13. A. Man’s life will be different in the future.B.Future man will look different from us.C.Man is growing taller and uglier as time goes by.D.The functions of man5s organs will function as well as today.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Reading magazine articles. B. Preparing book reports.C. Writing research papers.D. Selecting information sources.15. A. Gathering nonrelevant information. B. Stealing another person’s ideas.C. Sharing notes with someone else.D. Handing in assignments late.16. A. In the student’s own words. B. In direct quotations.C. In short phrases.D. In shorthand.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Checking the room. B. Arranging a large conference.C. Running a hotel.D. Handling a complaint.18. A. There is no lavatory paper. B. The toilet doesn’t flush properly.C. The water doesn't run away in the shower.D. There is no pillow in the room.19. A. Busy. B. Unhappy.C. Excited.D. Hot.20. A. Adjust the regulator. B. fix the toilet and shower.C. Send the lavatory paper.D. Send a cake and fruit.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One of my (21)__________(memorable) vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy, my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life. We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm, (22) _________(join) in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family. We got up early to see the cows as they (23) _________ (milk). I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different (24) _________ my own. It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day, I wonder (25) _________that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own. There is never a day when the animals don’t need to be fed. But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids. Vacations are a time for resting and connecting. As a bank manager, I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money. One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation everyyear. In our busy lives, family is what we (26) _________be saving our money and time for.For my family, our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip. We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time. Among the things we discuss: Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel? Would it be better (27) _________ (buy) groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28) _________ (involve) the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all (29) _________ _________ the vacation can work for everyone.Each year, setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is the one week a year I don't care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes.(30)_________matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Section B (10 分）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The human face is a remarkable piece of work. The astonishing variety of facial ___31______ helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies. So is the face’s ability to send emotional _____32____, whether through a(n) ____33_____ blush or a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility and trust.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. In America facial recognition is used by churches to ___34______ worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a(n) _____35____ outside a football game. In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing drivers, _____36____tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to ____37_____ the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem gradual. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the Internet, obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them. Although faces are ____38_____ to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, _____39____and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast_____40____ promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust. III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15分）Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Starbucks, the brandhad three elements: coffee, ______41___ and stores. Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans __42_______ that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and ___43______ service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香）all_____44____ the “Starbucks Experience”.Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled. Starbucks prided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”, ____45_____ coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.____46_____ those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and _____47____ advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. At home you’re part of a family. At work you’re part of a company. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself. That's what a Starbucks store has been ____48_____to creating for its customers — a kind of “third place” where they can ____49_____, reflect, read, chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the _____50____ from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also ______51___ original and modem meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of _____52____: the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets,____53_____sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling of experience in the ___54______life.But the ____55_____ of Starbucks is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.41. A. people B. managers C. customers D. clients42. A. assured B. promised C. ensured D. predicted43. A. emergency B. environment C. employment D. customer44. A. consisted of B. benefited from C. contributed to D. headed for45. A. going beyond B. coming across C. making up D. depending on46. A. With regard to B. In addition to C. Compared with D. In terms of47. A. general B. reasonable C. legal D. fascinating48. A. committed B. alerted C. subjected D. required49. A. negotiate B. perform C. conceal D. escape50. A. imagination B. inspiration C. patent D. philosophy51. A. creates B. cultivates C. credits D. conveys52. A. brand B. logo C. possession D. experience53. A. greedily B. gently C. persistently D. indifferently54. A. busy B. easy C. miserable D. energetic55. A. product B. vision C. essence D. importance Section B(22分)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Men are as likely as women to suffer from postnatal (产后的）depression, a study shows. One in ten fathers — the same ratios as mothers — are found to suffer before or after birth. By the time their child reaches 12 weeks, as many as one in four are feeling down.The symptoms observed in the American study are not thought to be hormonal ---as they are in women---and are instead probably a response to the pressures of fatherhood. These include the expense of having children, changed relationship with partners and fear of paternal (父亲的）responsibility. In the early weeks, the lack of sleep and extra domestic chores also take the toll.The study put the overall rate of depression among new fathers at 10.4 percent — double the estimated 4.8 percent for all men in any 12-month period. Around 8 percent were affected in the 12 weeks before and after birth, according to the Eastern Virginia Medical School Research. The study found parents were more likely to be down if their partner was too.It is estimated that around one in ten women suffers postnatal depression, even if they have never had mental health problems. Without treatment the condition can last for months. Although most women have a few days of “Baby Blues” shortly after birth, postnatal depression can kick in up to six months later. Experts say that paternal depression is serious because it can have “substantial emotional, behavioral and developmental” effects on children.56.The “Baby Blues” effect among fathers may be caused by the following except___________.A.domestic choresB.fatherhood pressureC.paternal responsibilityD.hormone imbalance57.What does the underlined phrase “take the toll” in paragraph 2 mean?A.Cost a lot of money.B.Take the lead.C.Have a bad effect.D.Have no links.58.Which could be the best title for the passage?A.Therapy for DepressionB.Father Getting Baby BluesC.Effects of Father BluesD.Postnatal Recovery59.Which way is most suitable for Mary, who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore?A. Night Safari.B. DUCK.C. City Sightseeing.D. Flyer.60.If David and his 9-year-old son are both animal lovers, they had better dial____________for more information before their tour.A. 6338-6877B. 6338-6859C. 6338-3311D. 6338-682661.Mr. Smith is going to take his wife, his 13-year-old daughter and his 1-year-old son to visit Singapore at their own leisurely pace, he should get ___________at least ready.A. $89B. $99C. $91D.$10162.Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above?A. Education Commission.B. Health Department.C. Transportation Bureau.D. Tourism Bureau.(C)Antibiotics, vaccines, organ transplant and HIV/AIDS treatments are all medical milestones that have indisputably made life better and saved millions of lives. But all these advances and countless others were developed using animals. The latest eye shadow and other cosmetics and industrial chemicals are also developed with animal testing.The lab animal issue has received attention in China in recent years as more people are concerned about animals’ rights. China has no animal welfare laws prohibiting cruelty to animals, but there are standards (1986 and 2006) for humane treatment of lab animals, though these are difficult to enforce.World Day for Laboratory Animals was established in 1979 by the British National Anti-Vivisection Society, memorializing millions of animals that contributed to pure science, medicine, industry, fashion and the cosmetics industry. It’s also a day of action to protest the use of live animals for experiments from lab rats and dogs to cattle and primates (灵长类动物).Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals, though there are few effective alternatives. The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that 100 million vertebrates (脊椎动物）are used in experiments every year, 10 to 11 million in the European Union. This doesn’t include mice, rats, frogs and animals not yet weaned. There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research. Some date indicate around 16 million vertebrates were used in 2006 Three Rs principleThe three Rs are principles for lab animal welfare proposed by microbiologist RL Burch and zoologist W.M.S. Russel in 1959. They are deduction, refinement and replacement and scientists are encouraged to follow them.♦Reduce the number of animals by improving experimental techniques and increasing information sharing among researchers.♦Refine experiments and treatment to reduce suffering; use less invasive techniques, improve care and living conditions.♦Replace experiments on live animals with alternative testing where possible.“But the three Rs suggests general acquiescence (默许）in animal experimentation,” says a statementby Animal Rights in Chine (ARC), set up in 2006 by over 3000 campaigners who have been urging the use of alternatives.The alternatives activists advocate include using cell cultures instead of whole animals, using phototoxicity tests on chemicals to predict their effects on humans, using computer models, studying human volunteers and working on isolated tissues. These approaches can be useful but they can’t provide the answers that animal research can.“Animal experimentation is a basic, very important method in life science study and biomedical research and in some specific fields, so it is irreplaceable, says Yang Fei, deputy director of the Animal Experimentation Department of Fudan University. Yang has worked on regulating and standardizing animal testing for over 15 years.He says testing on primates is still necessary because their immune system is very similar to that of humans. They are needed to develop drugs for malaria, HIV/AIDS and infections such as SARS，he says, though admitting the approach is not perfect.63.According to the passage, ___________may not be related to animal testing.A.Cough mixturesB. Genetically modified riceC. Dior LipsticksD. Artificial livers64.World Day for Laboratory animals was set up for the following reasons except___________A.to call for better experimental techniques to reduce sufferingsB.to memorialize the animals sacrificed in the labsC.to raise awareness of animal rightD.to offer the activists a chance to raise their objections to the use of animals’ for experiments65.Why W.M.S Russel advocated researchers to share more information?A.Researchers can better cooperate with each other to eliminate animal testing.B.Researchers can turn to alternatives to replace animal testing.C.Researchers can avoid repeating similar testing on animals.D.Researchers can make the animal testing more effective.66. ___________is the biggest obstacle to cancelling animal testing.A. Lack of enough fundB. Lack of human awarenessC. Lack of supportive statisticsD. Lack of effective alternativesSection C (8 分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Overnight, eating fried chicken in the People’s Square is OUT; instead, people started to drink HEEKCAA and eat Bao Master. This year, the queues in front of the doors of “Wanghong delicacies” were so dense that a cup of tea has been hyped to over 80 Y uan by scalpers (黄牛）and local bloggerseven customized a one-day tour to eat in Shanghai.To a great extent, Wanghong phenomenon depends on merchants’ business strategy.__________67________. Business also works on publicity. Before HEEKCAA’s arrival in Shanghai, it has advertised through microblog, local life service and other self-media, which has generated a certain amount of heat among the public. Once people make the purchase, the “sense of accomplishment” will urge some of them to show off at their Wechat moments, which is good for brand image. Also, when a product is quickly recognized by consumers, capitals will come in great numbers. The boost of capitals undoubtedly helps the subsequent publicity of the brand._________68________. In the Internet era, the spread of information is so fast that it doesn't matter whether the tea tastes good or bad; it’s just a matter of whether you ever drink it. There is a word for this behavior----“fomo”, which means fear of missing out. Oxford University professor said this is not new. As social animals, humans have a strong desire to be part of a group, to be accepted, recognized, valued and remembered. A little baby cries for a hug and a child makes small trouble to get noticed. These behaviors are, in the eyes of sociologists, anxious for existence. Ifs just that social media today that make it easier for people to perceive other people’s lives, and have a sense of loss not to join them when they know what others are doing.10-20 Yuan is the exchange value of milk tea，but it’s the symbol value of the goods that encourages people to ”pull the grass”. Just like the lipstick, mailbox and graffiti wall that have been on the list of Wanghong, people want to use relatively controllable spending to gain satisfaction from a moments’ thumb up. ________69________.With the development of society, consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life, so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable. However, “Wanghong economy’，is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection. Consumers who come by “physical attractiveness” will quickly vanish if there is no implicit value or connotation to support. _________70_________. Besides, consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.IV. Summary Writing (10 分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look, pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.V. Translation (15 分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.我们在国外旅游时，应当遵循当地的风俗。
2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编：阅读理解C篇(带答案已经校对)
Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Crude awakeningA battle between two energy exchanges[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit(公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark（基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.[2] The NYMEX is trying to grab liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has so far concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American bench mark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.[3] The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds (对冲基金) or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from “locals”--self-employed traders--is helping to support open-outcry, although some think that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to close its floor. Only last month it signed a rental agreement, lasting until 2017, for its trading floor in London.[4] Dublin’s new pit is “showing promise”, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be feasible. Itwould stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.[5] In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的). Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little progress. And the NYMEX has tried to get Brent contracts before, without success.[6] Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not work together? There have been talks about cooperation before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more serious IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.63. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are __________.A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading formB. partners that benefit each other in their business activitiesC. rivals that are competing in the oil trading marketD. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice64. The word “glitches” in Line 2, Paragraph 4 most probably means __________.A. backwardnessB. disappointmentsC. engineersD. problems65. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that __________.A. trading volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session is fallingB. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than DublinC. Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of IrelandD. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year66. We can draw a conclusion from the text that __________.A. it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businessesB. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shownC. the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each otherD. the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting betterKeys:63-66: C D B ASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( C )①Australians have long been known for having a relaxed and casual attitude to life. According to Dr Tanya King, senior lecturer from Victoria’s Deakin University, “It’s Australians’ egalitarianism, sense of humor and informal language that are most commonly mentioned as examples of this attitude”.②Egalitarianism roots in the way that the nation was built. In Australia’s founding era in the late 1700s, criminal settlers were often cruelly treated and robbed of their basic human rights by governors. The criminal class, who were mostly working-class Brits and Irish, was unable to seek civic positions that were reserved for immigrants who were not the criminal, with the latter arguing that if criminals gained equal rights it would be ‘rewarding criminality’. Bec ause of this, an egalitarian spirit was worn as a symbol of honor by many criminal settlers. They may not have had power, education or wealth, but they had a shared belief in equality.③The informal way Australians use language is also believed to root in criminal times. Philologist Sidney Baker once wrote that ‘no other class would have a better talent for creating new terms to fit in with their new conditions in life’. Cockney rhyming slang brought over by the British working class was abbreviated even further –so ‘have a Captains Cook’ (have a look), became ‘ava captains’. This same practice was used to economize ordinary clauses. Words like ‘good day’ became ‘g’day’, and barbecue was ‘barbie’.④The tough conditions of settler times also played a part in Australians’ dry, self-criticizing and sarcastic（讽刺的）sense of humor. While in many countries it’s considered poor taste to find humor in difficult circumstances, Australians tend to look at the lighter side. On one road trip, as I hit the state line and entered Victoria, I drove past some blackened trees, the leftovers of a recent bushfire. A road sign warning drivers about wildlife was half-melted and bent, but the shape of a hopping kangaroo was still distinct. Behind the figure, someone had drawn flames making it look asthough the animal’s tail was on fire. I couldn’t help but laugh – it was a brilliant reminder of the country’s ‘nothing upsets us’ and anti-authoritarian attitude.⑤And one thing you can’t help but notice when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space. This, along with considerable leisure time plus favorable climate, all contribute to Australians’ relaxed attitude.63. The underlined word “egalitarianism” is closest to __________ in meaning.A. criminalityB. crueltyC. equalityernmentalism64. Which of the following is a feature of the way Australians use language?A. They use more slangs than other people.B. They give new meanings to existent words.C. They favour shortened forms of expressions.D. They coin terms in memory of criminal times.65. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A. Kangaroos’ living condition s are getting tougher.B. Forest fires threaten Australian s’ life to a great extent.C. Potential danger is here and there on the roads in Victoria.D. Australians’ jokes may not be as careless as they seem on the surface.66. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. how the late 1700s impacted AustraliaB. why Australians enjoy casual life so muchC. what cont ributes to Australians’ relaxed lifestyleD. how Australians present their attitude towards lifeKeys: 63-66 CCABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to fin d out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs o f identical twins, all aged between five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts between teeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teeth scored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and affected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the onlyapproach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines（肠道）, so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavities.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D. Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Keys: 60-62 DCBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( C )Many United States companies have made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work. Since 1980, the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) has received about 280 complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies(补贴) by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies “dumped”their products in the United States at “less than fair value.”Even when no unfair practices are claimed, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief(救济).Contrary to the general impression, this request for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop a complicated web of marketing, production, and research relationships. The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that a system of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company. Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief laws against the very companies the laws were designed to protect. Suppose a United States-owned company establishes an overseas plant to manufacture a product while its competitor makes the same product in the United States. If the competitor can prove injury from the imports—and that the United States company received a subsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad—the United States company’s products will be uncompetitive in the United States, since they would be subject to duties.Perhaps the most shameful case occurred when the ITC investigated allegations(控诉) that Canadian companies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt, used to deice roads. The bizarre aspect of the complaint was that a foreign conglomerate（联合企业）with United States operations was crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations. The “United States”company claiming injury was a unit of a Dutch conglomerate, while the “Canadian”companies included a unit of a Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt.63.The passage is chiefly concerned with_______________.A. arguing against the increased internationalization of US corporations.B. warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently has unintended consequences.C. recommending a uniform method for handling claims of unfair trade practices.D. advocating the use of trade restrictions for "dumped" products but not for other imports.64.What can be inferred about the minimal basis for a complaint to the ITC ____________.A. A foreign competitor is selling products in the US at less than fair market value.B. A foreign competitor has greatly increased the volume of products shipped to the US.C. The company requesting import relief has been banned from exporting products.D. The company requesting import relief has been injured by the sale of imports in the US.65.What is the function of the last paragraph?A. It summarizes the discussion and suggests additional areas for research.B. It makes a recommendation based on the evidence presented earlier.C. It uses a specific case to illustrate a problem in the previous paragraph.D. It introduces an additional area of concern not mentioned earlier.66.Which of the following is most likely to be true of US trade laws?A. They will eliminate the practice of "dumping" products in the US.B. Those applied to international companies will help to gain more profits.C. They will affect US trade with Canada more negatively than trade with other nations.D. Those helping one unit within a parent company won’t necessarily help other units. Keys:63-66 BDCDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)More than five million different kinds of organisms(生物体) live on the Earth. For thousands of years, humans have searched for ways to organize this diversity(多样性). In the eighteenthcentury, a Swedish professor, physician, and naturalist named Carolus Linnaeus developed the system of naming and classifying organisms that we use today.Linnaeus contributed to the modern classification of organisms in two ways. He first developed a convention for naming life forms.Before Linnaeus came up with a standardized system of naming, there were often many names for a single species, and these names tended to be long and confusing. Linnaeus decided that all species names should be in Latin and should have two parts, one indicating the genus(plural: genera), a group that includes similar species and one indicating the specific name of the species. When written alone, the specific name is meaningless since many different species in different genera have the same specific name. The specific name familiaris, for example, is commonly used to describe species. Therefore, when used by itself, it would not describe any one organism. When the genus is also given, however, as in Canis familiaris, we know that the name refers to a specific organism: the domestic dog.Linnaeus was also the originator of modern taxonomy, a system of classifying nature based on hierarchical(分层的) groupings. Linnaeus first grouped life forms into three broad groups, called kingdoms. These kingdoms were animals, plants, and minerals. He divided each of these kingdoms into classes, classes into orders, orders into genera (genus is singular) and then genera into species, grouping organisms according to shared physical characteristics.Although modern taxonomists still use the hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s classification system as well as his method of grouping organisms according to observable similarities, they have added hierarchical levels and significantly changed Linnaeus’s original groupin gs. The broadest level of life is now a domain. All living things fit into only three domains. Within each of these domains there are kingdoms. Each kingdom contains phyla (singular is phylum), followed by class, order, family, genus, and species.In addition to the Linnaean kingdoms of plants and animals, biologists recognize prokaryotes, protists, and fungi as separate kingdoms. The prokaryotes are the oldest and most abundant group of organisms. They are also the smallest cellular organisms. Common bacteria, which have been known to survive in many environments that support no other form of life, fall into this category. The protist kingdom is made up of a variety of single-celled or simple multicellular organisms. Protists do not have much in common. They are, essentially, those organisms which do not fit into any other kingdom. Fungi compose a third kingdom. Like plants, the cells of fungi have cell walls,giving them a tube-like structure. However, fungi do not produce their own carbon as plants do. Rather, they acquire nutrients by absorbing and digesting carbon produced by other organisms. Yeasts and mushrooms are examples of fungi.63. The writer gives the scientific name of the domestic dog in paragraph 3 in order to__________.A. demonstrate Linna eus’s method of classificationB. introduce the need for a better system of naming organismsC. criticize the complexity of Linnaeus’s naming systemD. illustrate the necessity of including two parts when naming organism64. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s system for classifying is no longer in use.B. Linnaeus’s original system of classification consisted of 3 domains.C. Linnaeus’s original system of classification is used today with lit tle modifications.D. Modern taxonomists have added categories and regrouped organisms.65. Which of the following is TRUE about protists?A. They do not share the characteristics of any of the other four kingdoms.B. They are grouped together based on similar characteristics.C. They are limited to single-cell organisms.D. They acquire nutrients by eating other organisms.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Father of Modern TaxonomyB. Classifying OrganismsC. Development in Life FormsD. Linnaeus’s Classification SystemKEYS: 63-66 DDABSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. "One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states." said Nellie Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions was the 1994 "Toubon Law" in France, but the idea has been copied in man y countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often dismissed as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficultly in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the “purity” of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but there has not been a barrier to acquiring prestige and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon—especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessary take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new modes of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields lo defend.63. Neville Alexander believes that?A. mother-tongue education is not practiced in all African countriesB. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of AfricaC. globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trendsD. lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure64. The underlined word “futile” (i n paragraph 2) most probably means “”.A. workableB. practicalC. uselessD. unnecessary65. Why do many English-speaking countries not support the language protection effortsdescribed in the passage?A. They think language protection laws are ineffective.B. They want their language to spread to other countries.C. They have a long history of taking words from other languages.D. It reduces a language's ability to acquire international importance66. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. English has taken over fields like public communication and educationB. Many sheets of national culture are threatened by the spread of English.C. Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.D. Europeans have long realized the need to protect their national languages.KEYS: 63-66 D C C BSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)With the coming of big data age, data science is supposed to be starved for, of which the adaption can point a profound change in corporate competitiveness. Companies, both born in the digital era and traditional world are showing off their skills in data science. Therefore, it seems to have been creating a great demand for the experts of this type.Mr Carlos Guestrin, machine learning professor from University of Washington argues that all software applications will need in built intelligence within five years, making data scientists-people trained to analyze large bodies of information-key workers in this emerging “cognitive” technology economy. There are already critical applications that depend on machine learning, a subfield of data science, led by recommendation programs, fraud detection systems, forecasting tools and applications for predicting customer behavior.Many companies that are born digital-particularly internet companies that have a great number of real-time customer interactions to handle-are all-in when it comes to data science. Pinterest, for instance, maintains more than 100 machine learning models that could be applied to different classes of problems, and it constantly fields requests from managers eager to use this resource to deal with their business problem.The factors weighing on many traditional companies will be the high cost of mounting a serious machine-learning operation. Netflix is estimated to spend $ 150m a year on a single application and the total bill is probably four times that once all its uses of the technology are taken into account.Another problem for many non-technology companies is talent. Of the computer science experts who use Kaggle, only about 1,000 have deep learning skills, compared to 100,000 who can apply other machine learning techniques, says Mr Goldbloom. He adds that even some big companies of this type are often reluctant to expand their pay scales to hire the top talent in this field.The biggest barrier to adapting to the coming era of “smart” applications, however, is likely to be cultural. Some companies, such as General Electric, have been building their own Silicon Valley presence to attract and develop the digital skills they will need. Despite the obstacles, some may master this difficult transition. But companies that were built, from the beginning, with data science at their center, are likely to represent serious competition.63. Which one is obstacle for many traditional companies to popularize learning operation?A. Technological problemB. Expert crisisC. High costD. Customer interactions64. What can not be interred from the passage about the machine learning?A.Machine learning operations are costly in Netflix.B.Machine learning plays an important role in existent applications.。
2018年上海市松江区中考英语一模试卷及答案考点详解
2018年上海市松江区中考英语一模试卷一、Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1．（6分）1．2．3．4．5．6．B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你所听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）2．（8分）7．A．BasketballB．TennisC．SkatingD．Swimming8．A．CloudyB．RainyC．SunnyD．Windy9．A．At 3：00B．At 6：00C．At 9：00D．At 10：0010．A．By taxiB．By motorcycleC．By undergroundD．By bus11．A．At the beachB．At the airportC．At the theatreD．At the hotel12．A．Because he was upset．B．Because he didn't work hard．C．Because he was ill．D．Because he was careless．13．A．She wants the man to see a doctor．B．She wants the man to get up immediately．C．She wants the man to have a good sleep．D．She wants the man to find a new job．14．A．GeographyB．MathsC．HistoryD．ScienceC. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）3．（6分）15．Robby began to have a piano lesson at the age of eleven．16．Alice took Robby as a student because he wanted to learn piano very much．17．Robby had to practise playing the piano at home because his mother was ill．18．Alice was surprised when she heard Robby play the piano so well in the public show．19．Robby's mother was in the school hall when he was playing the piano in the public show．20．As a piano teacher，Alice taught Robby the meaning of love and confidence．D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）（10分）4．（5分）21．Jane's stay in a hotel in Virginia was in the US．22．Before leaving，Jane thanked all staff in the hotel and from newspapers．23．Jane said she the hotel after her husband died in 2001．24．The hotel offered round﹣the﹣clock service and no electricity or cable bills．25．Over the years，Jane well with people and has made many friends there．二、.Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）5．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation？（）A．finish B．pilot C．middle D．picnic6．（1分）Lily spent years caring _____ her sick uncle．（）A．of B．at C．for D．with7．（1分）A group of teachers went to Guangzhou for an important activity ____Dec．20th．（）A．in B．on C．to D．at8．（1分）Uncle Tom raises many ______ on his farm and we often go there for a visit．（）A．sheep B．horse C．pig D．bird9．（1分）After the discussion，most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．（）A．I B．my C．me D．mine10．（1分）Jennifer has two children and ______ of them was born in winter．（）A．both B．some C．all D．neither11．（1分）This is one of _____ robots I have ever seen．（）A．more intelligent B．the most intelligentC．much more intelligent D．intelligent12．（1分）The Trojan War continued for several hours _____ darkness came．（）A．as soon as B．if C．since D．until13．（1分）I felt quite ______ when I came here for the first time．（）A．happily B．luckily C．excitedly D．lonely14．（1分）Communicating with different people ______ help children learn to get along with others．（）A．should B．need C．may D．must15．（1分）﹣﹣﹣______ will we know the results of the competition？﹣﹣﹣In a week，I suppose．（）A．How much B．How far C．How soon D．How long16．（1分）Jim believes he will soon be able to play basketball as _____ as Yao Ming．（）A．good B．well C．better D．best17．（1分）David knows much about the city because he _____ there three times．（）A．had gone B．had been C．has gone D．has been18．（1分）Thousands of electronic products _______ in Garden City every day．（）A．were thrown B．are thrownC．will be thrown D．have been thrown19．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was taking a walk with my pet dog by the road．（）A．happened B．happen C．would happen D．happens20．（1分）______ exciting film Coco（寻梦环游记）is!（）A．How B．What a（an）C．How a（an）D．What21．（1分）Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．（）A．stealing B．to steal C．stole D．steal22．（1分）Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives．（）A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote23．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？﹣﹣﹣_______．（）A．A good idea．B．With pleasure．C．Thanks a lot．D．Don't worry．24．（1分）﹣﹣Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike．﹣﹣_____________．（）A．Not at all．B．You're so careless．C．That's all right．D．That sounds interesting．三、.Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）25．（4分）A．exciting B．public C．hang D．full E．marks The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteen day of the first lunar month．It is called Yuan Xiao Festival as well．During this festival，people （46）lanternseverywhere﹣﹣﹣in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in（47）places．Some of the lanterns are painted with birds，animals，flowers，Chinese zodiac（属相）signs or riddles（谜语）．What's more，the Lantern Festival is the first night in a year when people can see a bright（48）moon while enjoying a family reunion dinner．It （49）the official end of the long Spring Festival holiday．26．（4分）11111A．traditions B．directly C．celebrate D．eitherE．probablyBesides interesting activities and beautiful lanterns，eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，is one of the special（50）of the Lantern Festival．The fillings（馅）inside the dumplings are （51）sweet or salty．Sweet fillings are（52）made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on while salty fillings have vegetables，meat，etc．Anyway，the way to（53）Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China．As Yuan Xiao Festival is coming soon，what have you prepared？We wish you all a happy evening with your family!四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分）27．（1分）I took many during my stay in Tibet last summer．（photo）28．（1分）It's essential for to review English words from time to time．（my）29．（1分）He held a party to celebrate his son's birthday yesterday．（five）30．（1分）They tried everything they could do to improve the situation．（possible）31．（1分）Good comic strips are full of action to keep readers．（interest）32．（1分）I've bought my new recently，so I want to my old one．（sale）33．（1分）The weather was last month and many people fell ill with colds．（change）34．（1分）After discussing for a whole day，they reached a at last．（conclude）五、Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共14分）35．（1分）Jill and Jenny denied stealing the blue vase．（改为一般疑问句）Jill and Jenny stealing the blue vase？36．（1分）The new iPhone X cost nine thousand and two hundred yuan．（对划线部分提问）did the new iPhone X cost？37．（1分）They went to the supermarket to buy some food for the picnic yesterday．（对划线部分提问）they go to the supermarket yesterday？38．（1分）"What have you learned in the university？"The manager asked Tom．（改为宾语从句）The manager asked Tom he learned in the university．39．（1分）I shall leave the restaurant if the waiter doesn't come soon．（保持句意基本不变）I shall leave the restaurant the waiter soon．40．（1分）Damin pushes the birds into the water with the pole every day．（改为被动语态）The birds into the water with the pole by Damin every day．41．（1分）used，Ken，to help，clues，the thief，him，find（连词成句）六、Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A. Choose the best answer （根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）42．（12分）I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat writing letters．Standing by her chair，looking at the inkbottle，pens，and white paper，I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world．Years later，during her final illness，Mother kept different things for my sister and brother．"But the desk"，she said，"is for Elizabeth"．I never saw her angry，never saw her cry．I knew she loved me；she showed it in action．But as a young girl，I wanted heart﹣to﹣heart talks between mother and daughter．They never happened．And a gulf opened between us．I was "too emotional（易动情感的）"．But she lived "on the surface"．As years passed，I had my own family．I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family．I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive（原谅）me．I posted the letter and waited for her answer．None came．My hope turned to disappointment，then little interest and finally，peace﹣﹣﹣it seemed that nothing happened．I couldn't be sure that the letter had even got to Mother．I only knew that I had written it，and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not．Now the present of her desk told me，as she'd never been able to，that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work，I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside，a photo of my father and a one﹣page letter，folded （折叠）and refolded many times．Give me an answer，my letter asks，in any way you choose．Mother，you always chose the act that speaks louder than words．69．Elizabeth began to love her mother's desk．A．after she had her own familyB．when she was a childC．after her mother diedD．when her mother was badly ill70．The underlined word"gulf"in the fourth paragraph means．A．deep understanding between the mother and the daughterB．different ideas between the mother and the daughterC．free talks between the mother and the daughterD．part of the sea going far in land71．Elizabeth wrote to her mother to．A．apologize to herB．express thanks to herC．have heart﹣to﹣heart talksD．make her cry72．Elizabeth was probably．A．a teacherB．a doctorC．a novelistD．an actress73．Which of the following statements is true according to the writer？A．The letter had never got to Elizabeth's mother．B．Elizabeth and her mother often argued with each other．C．Elizabeth realized her mother forgave her at last．D．Elizabeth's mother was too emotional．74．What's the best title of the passage？A．My mother's deskB．A letter to my motherC．Talks between Mother and MeD．My happy family43．（6分）The perfect language learnerEvery language student wants to know the secret to making the post progress in the shortest time．What does the perfect learner do to better acquire a foreign language？The following are some tips which may help you （75）yourlanguage skills．Learn every dayEven when you are really tired，do some learning，even if it's only 5﹣10minutes．Never miss a chance to increase your knowledge．Use it，（76）lose it! Practice makes perfect．Memorize new vocabularyTo really learn a new word，you have to remind yourself of it six times over hours，days and weeks．Write down all your new vocabulary in a little book that you can always carry around with you，or keep a （77）in your mobile﹣﹣﹣you always have it with you，don't you？According to a recent study，86percent of the participants believe that they are more likely to be successful in remembering new words with a vocabulary list．Be （78）Don't worry about small mistakes! No one minds! When you learn new vocabulary or grammar，use it as soon as possible．If you can't use them （79），it is likely that someone will corrct you at once．Challenge yourself! Go for it!（80），you can use technology to improve your English such as listening to podcasts（播客）of native speakers，reading news in the language you are learning，watching videos etc．Cheer up! You can be a perfect language learner! 75．A．affect B．create C．improve D．follow 76．A．and B．or C．but D．so 77．A．diary B．program C．record D．promise 78．A．serious B．active C．honest D．brave 79．A．accurately B．freely C．completely D．easily 80．A．For these reasons B．In addition C．In other words D．In a word 44．（8分）Cars make our life more convenient．But they can also be a problem，especially fossil fuel（化石燃料）cars，which are a major cause of air pollution．To improve the environment，many countries are d（81）electric vehicles （EVs，电动车）．Among them，China is taking a leading role and has created theworld's largest EV m（82），according to the Wall Street Journal．Last year，over 40percent of the 753，000EVs sold worldwide were sold in China，more than twice as many as the number sold in the United States，according to the International Energy Agency．Chinese drivers are already big fans of ECs．Chinese auto companies（汽车公司）i （83）BYD and BAIC（北汽集团）were among the top in the world in EV sales．"Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas，"said a customer，who bought an electric car from BAIC this year．However，there are still some problems．It is h（84）to find charging piles （充电桩）．The cars can't go far before they need to be recharged．S（85）of these problems are being solved，In 2014，China had 31，000charging piles，according to Xinhua News Agency．Now China has the world's largest EV charging network，with more than 167，000charging piles altogether，according to the Economic Daily．China is trying to make EVs p（86）to reduce pressure（压力）on its environment．The government promised to s（87）increasing carbon dioxide （二氧化碳）．"As China goes，so will the world's auto industry，"the Wall Street Journal said．45．（6分）Chinese boys are failing to become men according to a new book CALLED Save the Boys．The book says today's Chinese boys are both physically and emotionally（情感地）weak．It claims，in effect，that boys are becoming more girly!The writers of the book say modern culture and education system have an effect on this situation．They also say boys' learning is constricted（受限制的）by having to sit still in class all day．They don't have good role models in school because most of their teachers are women．On top of that，most men role models in pop﹣culture，the authors say，are effeminate（女子气的）．Now，if you are a boy reading this，you shouldn't get too nervous（you may alreadybe laughing!），because the book is just talking about social changes that have been happening all over the world，not just in China．When the world was becoming richer，the traditional roles of men and women changed a lot．Now we no longer live in old times when men had to defend their families from man﹣eating tigers．And women are no longer financially（经济地）dependent on men because they have their own jobs and careers．Becoming a man is a difficult and long process．Your best role model is probably your father．From our fathers we learn that a man is honest and kind．He is responsible and hardworking．He always faces difficulties and doesn't complain or make excuses．He may not have big muscles，but he does have a big heart．As long as there are good fathers，there is no need to worry about"saving"the boys．88．What's today's Chinese boys' problem according to a book called Save the Boys？89．According to the book，what causes the boys' problem？90．Why do the boys have no good role models in school？91．According to the book，social changes are just happening in China，aren't they？92．Who can be the boys' best role model？93，What can we do to help boys become men？七、Writing（作文）（共20分）46．（20分）Write a passage of at least 60words on the topic"I'm looking forward to sth．/doing sth．"（以"我期待…"为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格．）（注意：短文中不得出现真实姓名和校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分．）提示：在你今后的生活和学习中有什么期待？为何有这样的期待？为此你将如何作努力？2018年上海市松江区中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1．（6分）1．略2．略3．略4．略5．略6．略【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你所听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）2．（8分）7．A．BasketballB．TennisC．SkatingD．Swimming8．A．CloudyB．RainyC．SunnyD．Windy9．A．At 3：00B．At 6：00C．At 9：00D．At 10：0010．A．By taxiB．By motorcycleC．By undergroundD．By bus11．A．At the beachB．At the airportC．At the theatreD．At the hotel12．A．Because he was upset．B．Because he didn't work hard．C．Because he was ill．D．Because he was careless．13．A．She wants the man to see a doctor．B．She wants the man to get up immediately．C．She wants the man to have a good sleep．D．She wants the man to find a new job．14．A．GeographyB．MathsC．HistoryD．Science【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）3．（6分）15．Robby began to have a piano lesson at the age of eleven．略16．Alice took Robby as a student because he wanted to learn piano very much．略17．Robby had to practise playing the piano at home because his mother was ill．略18．Alice was surprised when she heard Robby play the piano so well in the public show．略19．Robby's mother was in the school hall when he was playing the piano in the public show．略20．As a piano teacher，Alice taught Robby the meaning of love and confidence．略【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）（10分）4．（5分）21．Jane's stay in a hotel in Virginia was略in the US．22．Before leaving，Jane thanked all staff in the hotel and略from newspapers．23．Jane said she略the hotel after her husband died in 2001．24．The hotel offered round﹣the﹣clock service略and no electricity or cable bills．25．Over the years，Jane略well with people and has made many friends there．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略二、.Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）5．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation？（）A．finish B．pilot C．middle D．picnic【分析】下面哪个下划线部分发音不一样？【解答】考查语音．A．finish[ˈfiniʃ]．B．pilot[ˈpailət]．C．middle[ˈmidl]．D．picnic[ˈpiknik]．A，C，D选项划线部分发/i/．B选项划线部分发/ai/．因此划线部分发音不同的一项是B．故选：B．【点评】考查语音，此题型要掌握音标知识，积累一些字母组合音．还要注意一些固定的发音规则．然后结合语境，完成试题．6．（1分）Lily spent years caring _____ her sick uncle．（）A．of B．at C．for D．with【分析】莉莉花了好几年照顾她生病的叔叔．【解答】答案：C．考查介词．A属于．B在几点或小地点．C为了．D和．句意"莉莉花了好几年照顾她生病的叔叔．"．care for照顾…固定搭配．选C．【点评】考查介词用法，这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语境选择正确介词完成习题．7．（1分）A group of teachers went to Guangzhou for an important activity ____ Dec．20th．（）A．in B．on C．to D．at【分析】12月20日，一群教师去广州参加一项重要活动．【解答】答案：B．考查介词．in表示在一个具体范围．on表示在具体某一天．to 到…at在具体的几点．由"12月20日"，可知，具体某一天用介词on．选B．【点评】考查介词用法，这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语境选择正确介词完成习题．8．（1分）Uncle Tom raises many ______ on his farm and we often go there for a visit．（）A．sheep B．horse C．pig D．bird【分析】汤姆叔叔在他的农场养了许多羊，我们经常去那里参观．【解答】答案：A．考查名词．A羊．B马．C猪．D鸟．句意"汤姆叔叔在他的农场养了许多羊，我们经常去那里参观．"．many修饰可数名词复数．sheep的复数还是它本身．选A．【点评】名词的用法比较广泛，要在理解名词意思的基础上，根据具体语境，仔细分析，完成试题．9．（1分）After the discussion，most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．（）A．I B．my C．me D．mine【分析】讨论过后，大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．【解答】答案：D．考查物主代词．句意：讨论过后，大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．根据题干most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．可知应说大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．空后没有名词，用名词性物主代词mine，指我的建议．故选D．【点评】仔细分析句子的结构，掌握一些固定用法，根据具体内容作答．10．（1分）Jennifer has two children and ______ of them was born in winter．（）A．both B．some C．all D．neither【分析】Jennifer有两个孩子，没有一个出生在冬天．【解答】答案：D根据题意：Jennifer有两个孩子，没有一个出生在冬天．结合选项，A．两者都B．一些C．全部D．两者都不，由two children ，可知是两者，故排除B C；动词was，只能用neither，故选D．【点评】熟悉代词的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．11．（1分）This is one of _____ robots I have ever seen．（）A．more intelligent B．the most intelligentC．much more intelligent D．intelligent【分析】这是我曾经见过的最聪明的机器人之一．【解答】答案：B．根据空格前面的词语是one of，后面是I have ever seen，因此可知这句话要用最高级来填空，结合给出的四个选项，因此可知这句话的意思是"这是我曾经见过的最聪明的机器人之一．"故选B．【点评】首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案．12．（1分）The Trojan War continued for several hours _____ darkness came．（）A．as soon as B．if C．since D．until【分析】特洛伊战争持续了好几个小时，直到天黑．【解答】答案：D．考查连词．A一…就…B如果、是否．C自从．D直到．结合语境"特洛伊战争持续了好几个小时，__天黑．"，可知，应该是"直到"．选D．【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法．13．（1分）I felt quite ______ when I came here for the first time．（）A．happily B．luckily C．excitedly D．lonely【分析】当我第一次来到这里时，我感到很孤独．【解答】答案：D．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：当我第一次来到这里时，我感到很孤独．A．happily高兴地．B．luckily幸运地．C．excitedly兴奋地．D．lonely 孤独地．根据题干when I came here for the first time．可知我感到很孤独．故选D．【点评】理解各个选项的含义，仔细分析句子的结构，掌握一些固定用法，根据具体内容作答．14．（1分）Communicating with different people ______ help children learn to get along with others．（）A．should B．need C．may D．must【分析】与不同的人交流可以帮助孩子学会与人相处．【解答】答案：C．考查情态动词．A应该．B需要．C可能、会．D必须．结合语境"与不同的人交流__帮助孩子学会与人相处．"，可知，应该是"可以"．选C．【点评】情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语．否定形式通常在后面加not．要注意情态动词的不同用法．15．（1分）﹣﹣﹣______ will we know the results of the competition？﹣﹣﹣In a week，I suppose．（）A．How much B．How far C．How soon D．How long【分析】﹣﹣我们多久才能知道比赛结果？﹣﹣我想一个星期之后．【解答】答案：C．考查疑问词组．how much多少钱．how far多远，对距离提问．how soon "多快/多久以后"，其后用in加一段时间来回答．how long多久，对一段时间或长度提问．根据回答"我想一个星期之内．"，可知，对in+段时间提问，用how soon．选C．【点评】疑问词组通常用来构成疑问句，要根据回答的具体内容进行选择，注意一些固定搭配，分清疑问词的用法．16．（1分）Jim believes he will soon be able to play basketball as _____ as Yao Ming．（）A．good B．well C．better D．best【分析】吉姆认为他很快就能打篮球打得和姚明一样好．【解答】答案：B和…一样as …as…中间用形容词或者副词的原级，故可排除CD．根据根据是打篮球打得一样好，修饰play basketball，故要用副词well．故又可排除A．故答案为B．【点评】做单项选择填空的技巧是：排除比较法．即利用上下文的时间状语，推断出合适的时态，排除错误的答案，然后再比较剩下的选择项，从而做出正确的答案．17．（1分）David knows much about the city because he _____ there three times．（）A．had gone B．had been C．has gone D．has been【分析】戴维对这个城市很了解，因为他去过那里三次．【解答】答案：D．考查同义词．have gone to去了某地，还没回来．have been to 去过某地，已经回来了．结合语境"戴维对这个城市很了解，因为他去过那里三次．"．可知，A，C不正确．表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，用现在完成时态．B不正确．选D．【点评】考查同义词．要结合语境，结合选项，积累一些固定搭配的用法，选择合适的同义词形式完成试题．18．（1分）Thousands of electronic products _______ in Garden City every day．（）A．were thrown B．are thrownC．will be thrown D．have been thrown【分析】每天都有成千上万的电子产品被投放到加登城．【解答】答案：B根据句中的时间状语为every day "每天"可确定时态是一般现在时，主语Thousands of electronic products 是谓语动词throw的承受者，二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故该句的谓语动词为一般现在时的被动语态，结构是am/is/are +及物动词的过去分词，主语是复数名词，助动词为are，throw的过去分词为thrown，故选B．【点评】被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，被动语态由"be动词+及物动词的过去分词"构成，be动词的单复数要与主语的单复数保持一致，还要注意时态及过去分词的变法．19．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was taking a walk with my pet dog by the road．（）A．happened B．happen C．would happen D．happens【分析】当交通事故发生时，我正跟我的狗走在路上．【解答】答案：A 由后面I was taking a walk with my pet dog by the road，我正跟我的狗走在路上．可知，前面交通事故发生应该使用一般过去时态，故选A 【点评】考查时态的辨析，由主句正确判断出从句的时态是解答要领．20．（1分）______ exciting film Coco（寻梦环游记）is!（）A．How B．What a（an）C．How a（an）D．What【分析】寻梦环游记是一部多么激动人心的电影啊！【解答】答案：B．英语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词，形容词是exciting，名词film可数名词单数，exciting 是以元音音素开头的，需要加冠词an，应用what来感叹，故选B．【点评】1、what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：1．What+a（an）+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！2．What+（形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！2、How引导的感叹句．how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词．其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！21．（1分）Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．（）A．stealing B．to steal C．stole D．steal【分析】最后，嫌疑犯承认偷了商店里的项链．【解答】答案：A．根据Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．可知最后，嫌疑犯承认偷了商店里的项链．这里admit doing sth表示承认做某事．故选A．【点评】动名词的形式是动词+ing，动名词从它的名称上就知道它具有动词和名词的功能，因此它在句中，可作主语、表语、宾语、定语．要结合语境选择合适用法，注意动名词变法．22．（1分）Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives．（）A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote【分析】Pansy答应写一篇关于侦探的文章．【解答】答案：B．根据Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives，可知这里make a promise to do sth表示答应做某事．故选B．【点评】本题考查不定式短语的及固定短语的用法，根据句意和语境，从而判断出正确答案．23．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？﹣﹣﹣_______．（）A．A good idea．B．With pleasure．C．Thanks a lot．D．Don't worry．【分析】你能帮我一个忙吗，年轻人？很愿意．【解答】答案：B．考查常用日常交际用语．句意：你能帮我一个忙吗，年轻人？很愿意．A．A good idea．好主意；B．With pleasure．很愿意；C．Thanks a lot．非常感谢；D．Don't worry．不要担心．根据题干Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？可知应说很愿意．故选B．【点评】理解各个选项的含义，根据上下文的语境进行作答．24．（1分）﹣﹣Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike．﹣﹣_____________．（）A．Not at all．B．You're so careless．C．That's all right．D．That sounds interesting．【分析】﹣﹣很抱歉，我迟到了．我的自行车坏了．﹣﹣﹣﹣没关系．【解答】答案：C；Not at all你太粗心了；You're so careless你总是那么粗心；That's all right没关系；That sounds interesting那听起来很有趣；根据上句Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike很抱歉，我迟到了．我的自行车坏了．可知答语应表示"没关系"；故选C．【点评】情景交际的考查是英语考试的重点，做此类题型首先要理解各个选项中句子的含义，然后结合具体语境选择合适答语．回答时一般要遵从以下几个原则：礼貌原则，利他原则和英语文化习惯．三、.Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）25．（4分）A．exciting B．public C．hang D．full E．marks The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteen day of the first lunar month．It is called Yuan Xiao Festival as well．During this festival，people （46）C lanterns everywhere ﹣﹣﹣in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in（47）B places．Someof the lanterns are painted with birds，animals，flowers，Chinese zodiac（属相）signs or riddles（谜语）．What's more，the Lantern Festival is the first night in a year when people can see a bright（48）D moon while enjoying a family reunion dinner．It （49）E the official end of the long Spring Festival holiday．【分析】文章介绍了中国的传统节日﹣元宵节．【解答】CBDE46．C 考查动词，根据people…lanterns everywhere，结合选项，推出句意：人们到处悬挂灯笼，时态为一般现在时，故选C．47．B 考查形容词，根据，结in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in…places，结合选项，推出句意：在树上，在寺庙里，在他们的家里，在公共场所，故选B．48．D 考查形容词，根据，a bright…moon，以及The Lantern Festival，可知在元宵节这天，月亮又亮又圆，即一轮满月，结合选项，故选D．49．E 考查动词，根据it…the official end of the long Spring Fe stival holiday，结合选项，推出句意：这标志着春节长假的正式结束，时态为一般现在时，故选E．【点评】本题题型为选词填空．在选择给定词语时，再考虑文章大意的前提下，还应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置．通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求．26．（4分）11111A．traditions B．directly C．celebrate D．eitherE．probablyBesides interesting activities and beautiful lanterns，eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，is one of the special（50）A of the Lantern Festival．The fillings（馅）inside the dumplings are （51）D sweet or salty．Sweet fillings are（52）E made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on while salty fillings have vegetables，meat，etc．Anyway，the way to（53）C Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China．As Yuan Xiao Festival is coming soon，what have you prepared？We wish you all a happy evening with your family!【分析】文章讲述了中国庆祝传统节日元宵节的方式．【解答】ADEC50．A 考查名词，根据eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，可知吃元宵和和由面粉做成的饺子是元宵节的传统，结合选项，故选A．51．D 考查形容词，根据…sweet or salty，结合选项，可知是句型either…or…或者…或者…，此处表示或者甜的或者咸的，故选D．52．E 考查副词，根据Sweet filli ngs are…made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on ，结合选项，推出句意：甜的馅大概是由糖，芝麻等做成，故选E．53．C 考查动词，根据the way to…Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China，结合选项，推出句意：中国南北方庆祝元宵节的方式是多样化的，所以动词celebrate符合题意，to后跟动词原形，故选C．【点评】本题题型为选词填空．在选择给定词语时，再考虑文章大意的前提下，还应该注意文章及句子所用的时态，以及所填写的词在句子中的位置．通过这些判断，适当改变词汇形式，以符合题目要求．四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分）27．（1分）I took many photos during my stay in Tibet last summer．（photo）【分析】去年夏天我在西藏逗留期间拍了许多照片．【解答】答案：photos．考查名词．句意"去年夏天我在西藏逗留期间拍了许多照片．"．由many许多，可知，用photo的复数photos．【点评】单词填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据单词提示完成试题，注意时态，单复数，词性等变化．28．（1分）It's essential for me to review English words from time to time．（my）【分析】对我来说，经常复习英语单词是很必要的．【解答】答案：me．考查代词．结合语境"对我来说，经常复习英语单词是很必要的．"．it is+形容词+for sb to do sth对某人来说，做某事是…介词for后用宾格me我．。
2018-2019学年上海市松江区高三一模试卷
松江区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三数学（满分150分，完卷时间120分钟） 2018.12考生注意：1. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写座位号和姓名。
3. 答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、填空题（本大题满分54分）本大题共有12题，第1~6题每个空格填对得4分，第7~12题每个空格填对得5分，否则一律得零分. 1. 设集合{}|1A x x =>，|03x B x x ⎧⎫=<⎨⎬-⎩⎭，则A B = .2. 若复数z 满足()3443i z i -=+，则||z = .3. 已知函数()y f x =的图像与函数()0,1x y a a a =>≠的图像关于直线y x =对称，且点()4,2P 在函数()y f x =的图像上，则实数a = .4. 已知等差数列{}n a 的前10和为30，则14710a a a a +++= .5. 若增广矩阵为1112m m m m +⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的线性方程组无解，则实数m 的值为 . 6. 已知双曲线标准方程为2213x y -=，则其焦点到渐近线的距离为 .7. 若向量a ，b 满足()7a b b +⋅=，且||3a =，||2b =，则向量a 与b 夹角为 . 8. 在△ABC 中，内角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别是a 、b 、c ，若()226c a b =-+，3C π=。
则△ABC的面积= . 9. 若函数()()|lg 10sin 0|x x f x xx ⎧->⎪=⎨≤⎪⎩，则()y f x =图像上关于原点O 对称的点共有 对. 10. 已知A ，B ，C 是单位圆上三个互不相同的点，若||||AB AC =，则AB AC ⋅的最小值是 .11. 已知向量1e ，2e 是平面α内的一组基向量，O 为α内的定点，对于α内任意一点P ，当12OP xe ye =+时，则称有序实数对(),x y 为点P 的广义坐标，若点A 、B 的广义坐标分别为()11,x y 、()22,x y ，对于下列命题：①线段AB 的中点的广义坐标为1212,22x x y y ++⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭； ②A 、B 两点间的距离为()()221212x x y y -+-； ③向量OA 平行于向量OB 的充要条件是1221x y x y =； ④向量OA 垂直于向量OB 的充要条件是12120x x y y +=. 其中的真命题是 .（请写出所有真命题的序号）12. 已知函数()f x 的定义域为R ，且()()1f x f x ⋅-=和()()114f x f x +⋅-=对任意的x R ∈都成立，若当[]0,1x ∈时，()f x 的值域为[]1,2，则当[]100,100x ∈-时，函数()f x 的值域为 . 二、选择题（本大题满分20分）13. 过点()0,1且与直线210x y -+=垂直的直线方程是（ ）（A ）210x y +-= （B ）210x y ++= （C ）220x y -+= （D ）210x y --= 14. 若0a >，0b >，则x y a b x y a b +>+⎧⎨⋅>⋅⎩是x ay b >⎧⎨>⎩的（ ）（A ）充分非必要条件 （B ）必要非充分条件（C ）充要条件 （D ）既非充分又非必要条件15. 将函数()2sin 34f x x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭的图像向下平移1个单位，得到()g x 的图像，若()()129g x g x ⋅=，其中[]12,0,4x x π∈，则12x x 的最大值为（ ） （A ）9 （B ）375（C ）3 （D ）1 16. 对于平面上一点P 和曲线C ，任取C 上一点Q ，若线段PQ 的长度存在最小值，则称该值为点P 到曲线C 的距离，记作(),d P C ，若曲线C 是边长为6的等边三角形，则点集(){}|,1D P d P C =≤所表示的图形的面积为（ ）（A ）36 （B ）3633- （C ）36π+ （D ）3633π-+三、解答题（本大题满分76分）本大题共有5题17. （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分已知向量()3sin ,1a x =，()cos ,1b x =-. （1）若∥a b ，求tan 2x 的值；（2）若()()f x a b b =+⋅，求函数()f x 的最小正周期及当0,2x π⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时的最大值.18. （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分已知函数()221x f x a =-+（常数a R ∈） （1）讨论函数()f x 的奇偶性，并说明理由；（2）当()f x 为奇函数时，若对任意的[]2,3x ∈，都有()2xmf x ≥成立，求m 的最大值.19. （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分某科技创新公司投资400万元研发了一款网络产品，产品上线第1个月的收入为40万元，预计在今后若干月内，该产品每月的收入平均比上一月增长50%。
2018年上海市松江区中考英语一模试卷及参考答案
2018年上海市松江区中考英语一模试卷一、Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1．（6分）1．2．3．4．5．6．B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你所听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）2．（8分）7．A．BasketballB．TennisC．SkatingD．Swimming8．A．CloudyB．RainyC．SunnyD．Windy9．A．At 3：00B．At 6：00C．At 9：00D．At 10：0010．A．By taxiB．By motorcycleC．By undergroundD．By bus11．A．At the beachB．At the airportC．At the theatreD．At the hotel12．A．Because he was upset．B．Because he didn't work hard．C．Because he was ill．D．Because he was careless．13．A．She wants the man to see a doctor．B．She wants the man to get up immediately．C．She wants the man to have a good sleep．D．She wants the man to find a new job．14．A．GeographyB．MathsC．HistoryD．ScienceC. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）3．（6分）15．Robby began to have a piano lesson at the age of eleven．16．Alice took Robby as a student because he wanted to learn piano very much．17．Robby had to practise playing the piano at home because his mother was ill．18．Alice was surprised when she heard Robby play the piano so well in the public show．19．Robby's mother was in the school hall when he was playing the piano in the public show．20．As a piano teacher，Alice taught Robby the meaning of love and confidence．D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）（10分）4．（5分）21．Jane's stay in a hotel in Virginia was in the US．22．Before leaving，Jane thanked all staff in the hotel and from newspapers．23．Jane said she the hotel after her husband died in 2001．24．The hotel offered round﹣the﹣clock service and no electricity or cable bills．25．Over the years，Jane well with people and has made many friends there．二、.Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）5．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation？（）A．finish B．pilot C．middle D．picnic6．（1分）Lily spent years caring _____ her sick uncle．（）A．of B．at C．for D．with7．（1分）A group of teachers went to Guangzhou for an important activity ____ Dec．20th．（）A．in B．on C．to D．at8．（1分）Uncle Tom raises many ______ on his farm and we often go there for avisit．（）A．sheep B．horse C．pig D．bird9．（1分）After the discussion，most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．（）A．I B．my C．me D．mine10．（1分）Jennifer has two children and ______ of them was born in winter．（）A．both B．some C．all D．neither11．（1分）This is one of _____ robots I have ever seen．（）A．more intelligent B．the most intelligentC．much more intelligent D．intelligent12．（1分）The Trojan War continued for several hours _____ darkness came．（）A．as soon as B．if C．since D．until13．（1分）I felt quite ______ when I came here for the first time．（）A．happily B．luckily C．excitedly D．lonely14．（1分）Communicating with different people ______ help children learn to get along with others．（）A．should B．need C．may D．must15．（1分）﹣﹣﹣______ will we know the results of the competition？﹣﹣﹣In a week，I suppose．（）A．How much B．How far C．How soon D．How long16．（1分）Jim believes he will soon be able to play basketball as _____ as Yao Ming．（）A．good B．well C．better D．best17．（1分）David knows much about the city because he _____ there three times．（）A．had gone B．had been C．has gone D．has been18．（1分）Thousands of electronic products _______ in Garden City every day．（）A．were thrown B．are thrownC．will be thrown D．have been thrown19．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was taking a walk with my pet dogby the road．（）A．happened B．happen C．would happen D．happens20．（1分）______ exciting film Coco（寻梦环游记）is!（）A．How B．What a（an）C．How a（an）D．What21．（1分）Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．（）A．stealing B．to steal C．stole D．steal22．（1分）Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives．（）A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote23．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？﹣﹣﹣_______．（）A．A good idea．B．With pleasure．C．Thanks a lot．D．Don't worry．24．（1分）﹣﹣Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike．﹣﹣_____________．（）A．Not at all．B．You're so careless．C．That's all right．D．That sounds interesting．三、.Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）25．（4分）The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteen day of the first lunar month．It is called Yuan Xiao Festival as well．During this festival，people （46）lanterns everywhere﹣﹣﹣in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in（47）places．Some of the lanterns are painted with birds，animals，flowers，Chinese zodiac（属相）signs or riddles（谜语）．What's more，the Lantern Festival is the first night in a year when people can see a bright（48）moon while enjoying a family reunion dinner．It （49）the official end of the long Spring Festival holiday．26．（4分）11111Besides interesting activities and beautiful lanterns，eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，is one of the special（50）of the Lantern Festival．The fillings（馅）inside the dumplings are （51）sweet or salty．Sweet fillings are（52）made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on while salty fillings have vegetables，meat，etc．Anyway，the way to（53）Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China．As Yuan Xiao Festival is coming soon，what have you prepared？We wish you all a happy evening with your family!四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分）27．（1分）I took many during my stay in Tibet last summer．（photo）28．（1分）It's essential for to review English words from time to time．（my）29．（1分）He held a party to celebrate his son's birthday yesterday．（five）30．（1分）They tried everything they could do to improve the situation．（possible）31．（1分）Good comic strips are full of action to keep readers．（interest）32．（1分）I've bought my new recently，so I want to my old one．（sale）33．（1分）The weather was last month and many people fell ill with colds．（change）34．（1分）After discussing for a whole day，they reached a at last．（conclude）五、Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共14分）35．（1分）Jill and Jenny denied stealing the blue vase．（改为一般疑问句）Jill and Jenny stealing the blue vase？36．（1分）The new iPhone X cost nine thousand and two hundred yuan．（对划线部分提问）did the new iPhone X cost？37．（1分）They went to the supermarket to buy some food for the picnic yesterday．（对划线部分提问）they go to the supermarket yesterday？38．（1分）"What have you learned in the university？"The manager asked Tom．（改为宾语从句）The manager asked Tom he learned in the university．39．（1分）I shall leave the restaurant if the waiter doesn't come soon．（保持句意基本不变）I shall leave the restaurant the waiter soon．40．（1分）Damin pushes the birds into the water with the pole every day．（改为被动语态）The birds into the water with the pole by Damin every day．41．（1分）used，Ken，to help，clues，the thief，him，find（连词成句）六、Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A. Choose the best answer （根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）42．（12分）I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat writing letters．Standing by her chair，looking at the ink bottle，pens，and white paper，I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world．Years later，during her final illness，Mother kept different things for my sister and brother．"But the desk"，she said，"is for Elizabeth"．I never saw her angry，never saw her cry．I knew she loved me；she showed it in action．But as a young girl，I wanted heart﹣to﹣heart talks between mother and daughter．They never happened．And a gulf opened between us．I was "too emotional（易动情感的）"．But she lived "on the surface"．As years passed，I had my own family．I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family．I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in anyway she chose that she did forgive（原谅）me．I posted the letter and waited for her answer．None came．My hope turned to disappointment，then little interest and finally，peace﹣﹣﹣it seemed that nothing happened．I couldn't be sure that the letter had even got to Mother．I only knew that I had written it，and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not．Now the present of her desk told me，as she'd never been able to，that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work，I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside，a photo of my father and a one﹣page letter，folded （折叠）and refolded many times．Give me an answer，my letter asks，in any way you choose．Mother，you always chose the act that speaks louder than words．69．Elizabeth began to love her mother's desk．A．after she had her own familyB．when she was a childC．after her mother diedD．when her mother was badly ill70．The underlined word"gulf"in the fourth paragraph means．A．deep understanding between the mother and the daughterB．different ideas between the mother and the daughterC．free talks between the mother and the daughterD．part of the sea going far in land71．Elizabeth wrote to her mother to．A．apologize to herB．express thanks to herC．have heart﹣to﹣heart talksD．make her cry72．Elizabeth was probably．A．a teacherB．a doctorC．a novelistD．an actress73．Which of the following statements is true according to the writer？A．The letter had never got to Elizabeth's mother．B．Elizabeth and her mother often argued with each other．C．Elizabeth realized her mother forgave her at last．D．Elizabeth's mother was too emotional．74．What's the best title of the passage？A．My mother's deskB．A letter to my motherC．Talks between Mother and MeD．My happy family43．（6分）The perfect language learnerEvery language student wants to know the secret to making the post progress in the shortest time．What does the perfect learner do to better acquire a foreign language？The following are some tips which may help you （75）your language skills．Learn every dayEven when you are really tired，do some learning，even if it's only 5﹣10minutes．Never miss a chance to increase your knowledge．Use it，（76）lose it! Practice makes perfect．Memorize new vocabularyTo really learn a new word，you have to remind yourself of it six times over hours，days and weeks．Write down all your new vocabulary in a little book that you can always carry around with you，or keep a （77）in your mobile﹣﹣﹣you always have it with you，don't you？According to a recent study，86percent of the participants believe that they are more likely to be successful in remembering new words with a vocabulary list．Be （78）Don't worry about small mistakes! No one minds! When you learn new vocabulary or grammar，use it as soon as possible．If you can't use them （79），it islikely that someone will corrct you at once．Challenge yourself! Go for it!（80），you can use technology to improve your English such as listening to podcasts（播客）of native speakers，reading news in the language you are learning，watching videos etc．Cheer up! You can be a perfect language learner! 75．A．affect B．create C．improve D．follow 76．A．and B．or C．but D．so 77．A．diary B．program C．record D．promise 78．A．serious B．active C．honest D．brave 79．A．accurately B．freely C．completely D．easily 80．A．For these reasons B．In addition C．In other words D．In a word 44．（8分）Cars make our life more convenient．But they can also be a problem，especially fossil fuel（化石燃料）cars，which are a major cause of air pollution．To improve the environment，many countries are d（81）electric vehicles （EVs，电动车）．Among them，China is taking a leading role and has created the world's largest EV m（82），according to the Wall Street Journal．Last year，over 40percent of the 753，000EVs sold worldwide were sold in China，more than twice as many as the number sold in the United States，according to the International Energy Agency．Chinese drivers are already big fans of ECs．Chinese auto companies（汽车公司）i （83）BYD and BAIC（北汽集团）were among the top in the world in EV sales．"Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas，"said a customer，who bought an electric car from BAIC this year．However，there are still some problems．It is h（84）to find charging piles （充电桩）．The cars can't go far before they need to be recharged．S（85）of these problems are being solved，In 2014，China had 31，000charging piles，according to Xinhua News Agency．Now China has the world's largest EV charging network，with more than 167，000charging piles altogether，according to the Economic Daily．China is trying to make EVs p（86）to reduce pressure（压力）on its environment．The government promised to s（87）increasing carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）．"As China goes，so will the world's auto industry，"the Wall Street Journal said．45．（6分）Chinese boys are failing to become men according to a new book CALLED Save the Boys．The book says today's Chinese boys are both physically and emotionally（情感地）weak．It claims，in effect，that boys are becoming more girly!The writers of the book say modern culture and education system have an effect on this situation．They also say boys' learning is constricted（受限制的）by having to sit still in class all day．They don't have good role models in school because most of their teachers are women．On top of that，most men role models in pop﹣culture，the authors say，are effeminate（女子气的）．Now，if you are a boy reading this，you shouldn't get too nervous（you may already be laughing!），because the book is just talking about social changes that have been happening all over the world，not just in China．When the world was becoming richer，the traditional roles of men and women changed a lot．Now we no longer live in old times when men had to defend their families from man﹣eating tigers．And women are no longer financially（经济地）dependent on men because they have their own jobs and careers．Becoming a man is a difficult and long process．Your best role model is probably your father．From our fathers we learn that a man is honest and kind．He is responsible and hardworking．He always faces difficulties and doesn't complain or make excuses．He may not have big muscles，but he does have a big heart．As long as there are good fathers，there is no need to worry about"saving"the boys．88．What's today's Chinese boys' problem according to a book called Save the Boys？89．According to the book，what causes the boys' problem？90．Why do the boys have no good role models in school？91．According to the book，social changes are just happening in China，aren't they？93，What can we do to help boys become men？七、Writing（作文）（共20分）46．（20分）Write a passage of at least 60words on the topic"I'm looking forward to sth．/doing sth．"（以"我期待…"为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格．）（注意：短文中不得出现真实姓名和校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分．）提示：在你今后的生活和学习中有什么期待？为何有这样的期待？为此你将如何作努力？2018年上海市松江区中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1．（6分）1．略2．略3．略4．略5．略6．略【分析】略【解答】略B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你所听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）2．（8分）7．A．BasketballC．SkatingD．Swimming8．A．CloudyB．RainyC．SunnyD．Windy9．A．At 3：00B．At 6：00C．At 9：00D．At 10：0010．A．By taxiB．By motorcycleC．By undergroundD．By bus11．A．At the beachB．At the airportC．At the theatreD．At the hotel12．A．Because he was upset．B．Because he didn't work hard．C．Because he was ill．D．Because he was careless．13．A．She wants the man to see a doctor．B．She wants the man to get up immediately．C．She wants the man to have a good sleep．D．She wants the man to find a new job．14．A．GeographyB．MathsC．HistoryD．Science【解答】略C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）3．（6分）15．Robby began to have a piano lesson at the age of eleven．略16．Alice took Robby as a student because he wanted to learn piano very much．略17．Robby had to practise playing the piano at home because his mother was ill．略18．Alice was surprised when she heard Robby play the piano so well in the public show．略19．Robby's mother was in the school hall when he was playing the piano in the public show．略20．As a piano teacher，Alice taught Robby the meaning of love and confidence．略【分析】略【解答】略D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）（10分）4．（5分）21．Jane's stay in a hotel in Virginia was略in the US．22．Before leaving，Jane thanked all staff in the hotel and略from newspapers．23．Jane said she略the hotel after her husband died in 2001．24．The hotel offered round﹣the﹣clock service略and no electricity or cable bills．25．Over the years，Jane略well with people and has made many friends there．【分析】略二、.Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）5．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation？（）A．finish B．pilot C．middle D．picnic【分析】下面哪个下划线部分发音不一样？【解答】考查语音．A．finish[ˈfiniʃ]．B．pilot[ˈpailət]．C．middle[ˈmidl]．D．picnic[ˈpiknik]．A，C，D选项划线部分发/i/．B选项划线部分发/ai/．因此划线部分发音不同的一项是B．故选：B．6．（1分）Lily spent years caring _____ her sick uncle．（）A．of B．at C．for D．with【分析】莉莉花了好几年照顾她生病的叔叔．【解答】答案：C．考查介词．A属于．B在几点或小地点．C为了．D和．句意"莉莉花了好几年照顾她生病的叔叔．"．care for照顾…固定搭配．选C．7．（1分）A group of teachers went to Guangzhou for an important activity ____ Dec．20th．（）A．in B．on C．to D．at【分析】12月20日，一群教师去广州参加一项重要活动．【解答】答案：B．考查介词．in表示在一个具体范围．on表示在具体某一天．to 到…at在具体的几点．由"12月20日"，可知，具体某一天用介词on．选B．8．（1分）Uncle Tom raises many ______ on his farm and we often go there for a visit．（）A．sheep B．horse C．pig D．bird【分析】汤姆叔叔在他的农场养了许多羊，我们经常去那里参观．【解答】答案：A．考查名词．A羊．B马．C猪．D鸟．句意"汤姆叔叔在他的复数还是它本身．选A．9．（1分）After the discussion，most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．（）A．I B．my C．me D．mine【分析】讨论过后，大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．【解答】答案：D．考查物主代词．句意：讨论过后，大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．根据题干most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．可知应说大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．空后没有名词，用名词性物主代词mine，指我的建议．故选D．10．（1分）Jennifer has two children and ______ of them was born in winter．（）A．both B．some C．all D．neither【分析】Jennifer有两个孩子，没有一个出生在冬天．【解答】答案：D根据题意：Jennifer有两个孩子，没有一个出生在冬天．结合选项，A．两者都B．一些C．全部D．两者都不，由two children ，可知是两者，故排除B C；动词was，只能用neither，故选D．11．（1分）This is one of _____ robots I have ever seen．（）A．more intelligent B．the most intelligentC．much more intelligent D．intelligent【分析】这是我曾经见过的最聪明的机器人之一．【解答】答案：B．根据空格前面的词语是one of，后面是I have ever seen，因此可知这句话要用最高级来填空，结合给出的四个选项，因此可知这句话的意思是"这是我曾经见过的最聪明的机器人之一．"故选B．12．（1分）The Trojan War continued for several hours _____ darkness came．（）A．as soon as B．if C．since D．until【解答】答案：D．考查连词．A一…就…B如果、是否．C自从．D直到．结合语境"特洛伊战争持续了好几个小时，__天黑．"，可知，应该是"直到"．选D．13．（1分）I felt quite ______ when I came here for the first time．（）A．happily B．luckily C．excitedly D．lonely【分析】当我第一次来到这里时，我感到很孤独．【解答】答案：D．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：当我第一次来到这里时，我感到很孤独．A．happily高兴地．B．luckily幸运地．C．excitedly兴奋地．D．lonely 孤独地．根据题干when I came here for the first time．可知我感到很孤独．故选D．14．（1分）Communicating with different people ______ help children learn to get along with others．（）A．should B．need C．may D．must【分析】与不同的人交流可以帮助孩子学会与人相处．【解答】答案：C．考查情态动词．A应该．B需要．C可能、会．D必须．结合语境"与不同的人交流__帮助孩子学会与人相处．"，可知，应该是"可以"．选C．15．（1分）﹣﹣﹣______ will we know the results of the competition？﹣﹣﹣In a week，I suppose．（）A．How much B．How far C．How soon D．How long【分析】﹣﹣我们多久才能知道比赛结果？﹣﹣我想一个星期之后．【解答】答案：C．考查疑问词组．how much多少钱．how far多远，对距离提问．how soon "多快/多久以后"，其后用in加一段时间来回答．how long多久，对一段时间或长度提问．根据回答"我想一个星期之内．"，可知，对in+段时间提问，用how soon．选C．16．（1分）Jim believes he will soon be able to play basketball as _____ as Yao Ming．（）A．good B．well C．better D．best【解答】答案：B和…一样as …as…中间用形容词或者副词的原级，故可排除CD．根据根据是打篮球打得一样好，修饰play basketball，故要用副词well．故又可排除A．故答案为B．17．（1分）David knows much about the city because he _____ there three times．（）A．had gone B．had been C．has gone D．has been【分析】戴维对这个城市很了解，因为他去过那里三次．【解答】答案：D．考查同义词．have gone to去了某地，还没回来．have been to 去过某地，已经回来了．结合语境"戴维对这个城市很了解，因为他去过那里三次．"．可知，A，C不正确．表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，用现在完成时态．B不正确．选D．18．（1分）Thousands of electronic products _______ in Garden City every day．（）A．were thrown B．are thrownC．will be thrown D．have been thrown【分析】每天都有成千上万的电子产品被投放到加登城．【解答】答案：B根据句中的时间状语为every day "每天"可确定时态是一般现在时，主语Thousands of electronic products 是谓语动词throw的承受者，二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故该句的谓语动词为一般现在时的被动语态，结构是am/is/are +及物动词的过去分词，主语是复数名词，助动词为are，throw的过去分词为thrown，故选B．19．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was taking a walk with my pet dog by the road．（）A．happened B．happen C．would happen D．happens【分析】当交通事故发生时，我正跟我的狗走在路上．我的狗走在路上．可知，前面交通事故发生应该使用一般过去时态，故选A20．（1分）______ exciting film Coco（寻梦环游记）is!（）A．How B．What a（an）C．How a（an）D．What【分析】寻梦环游记是一部多么激动人心的电影啊！【解答】答案：B．英语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词，形容词是exciting，名词film可数名词单数，exciting 是以元音音素开头的，需要加冠词an，应用what来感叹，故选B．21．（1分）Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．（）A．stealing B．to steal C．stole D．steal【分析】最后，嫌疑犯承认偷了商店里的项链．【解答】答案：A．根据Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．可知最后，嫌疑犯承认偷了商店里的项链．这里admit doing sth表示承认做某事．故选A．22．（1分）Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives．（）A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote【分析】Pansy答应写一篇关于侦探的文章．【解答】答案：B．根据Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives，可知这里make a promise to do sth表示答应做某事．故选B．23．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？﹣﹣﹣_______．（）A．A good idea．B．With pleasure．C．Thanks a lot．D．Don't worry．【分析】你能帮我一个忙吗，年轻人？很愿意．很愿意．A．A good idea．好主意；B．With pleasure．很愿意；C．Thanks a lot．非常感谢；D．Don't worry．不要担心．根据题干Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？可知应说很愿意．故选B．24．（1分）﹣﹣Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike．﹣﹣_____________．（）A．Not at all．B．You're so careless．C．That's all right．D．That sounds interesting．【分析】﹣﹣很抱歉，我迟到了．我的自行车坏了．﹣﹣﹣﹣没关系．【解答】答案：C；Not at all你太粗心了；You're so careless你总是那么粗心；That's all right没关系；That sounds interesting那听起来很有趣；根据上句Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike很抱歉，我迟到了．我的自行车坏了．可知答语应表示"没关系"；故选C．三、.Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）25．（4分）The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteen day of the first lunar month．It is called Yuan Xiao Festival as well．During this festival，people （46）C lanterns everywhere ﹣﹣﹣in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in（47）B places．Some of the lanterns are painted with birds，animals，flowers，Chinese zodiac（属相）signs or riddles（谜语）．What's more，the Lantern Festival is the first night in a year when people can see a bright（48）D moon while enjoying a family reunion dinner．It （49）E the official end of the long Spring Festival holiday．【分析】文章介绍了中国的传统节日﹣元宵节．【解答】CBDE们到处悬挂灯笼，时态为一般现在时，故选C．47．B 考查形容词，根据，结in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in…places，结合选项，推出句意：在树上，在寺庙里，在他们的家里，在公共场所，故选B．48．D 考查形容词，根据，a bright…moon，以及The Lantern Festival，可知在元宵节这天，月亮又亮又圆，即一轮满月，结合选项，故选D．49．E 考查动词，根据it…the official end of the long Spring Festival holiday，结合选项，推出句意：这标志着春节长假的正式结束，时态为一般现在时，故选E．26．（4分）11111Besides interesting activities and beautiful lanterns，eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，is one of the special（50）A of the Lantern Festival．The fillings（馅）inside the dumplings are （51）D sweet or salty．Sweet fillings are（52）E made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on while salty fillings have vegetables，meat，etc．Anyway，the way to（53）C Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China．As Yuan Xiao Festival is coming soon，what have you prepared？We wish you all a happy evening with your family!【分析】文章讲述了中国庆祝传统节日元宵节的方式．【解答】ADEC50．A 考查名词，根据eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，可知吃元宵和和由面粉做成的饺子是元宵节的传统，结合选项，故选A．51．D 考查形容词，根据…sweet or salty，结合选项，可知是句型either…or…或者…或者…，此处表示或者甜的或者咸的，故选D．52．E 考查副词，根据Sweet fillings are…made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on ，结合选项，推出句意：甜的馅大概是由糖，芝麻等做成，故选E．53．C 考查动词，根据the way to…Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China，结合选项，推出句意：中国南北方庆祝元宵节的方式是多样化的，所以动词celebrate符合题意，to后跟动词原形，故选C．四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分）27．（1分）I took many photos during my stay in Tibet last summer．（photo）【分析】去年夏天我在西藏逗留期间拍了许多照片．【解答】答案：photos．考查名词．句意"去年夏天我在西藏逗留期间拍了许多照片．"．由many许多，可知，用photo的复数photos．28．（1分）It's essential for me to review English words from time to time．（my）【分析】对我来说，经常复习英语单词是很必要的．【解答】答案：me．考查代词．结合语境"对我来说，经常复习英语单词是很必要的．"．it is+形容词+for sb to do sth对某人来说，做某事是…介词for后用宾格me我．29．（1分）He held a party to celebrate his son's fifth birthday yesterday．（five）【分析】昨天他开了一个晚会庆祝他儿子第五岁生日．【解答】答案：fifth．考查序数词．句意"昨天他开了一个晚会庆祝他儿子第五岁生日．"．可知，用five的序数词fifth第五．30．（1分）They tried everything they could possibly do to improve the situation．（possible）【分析】他们尽一切可能改善局势．【解答】答案：possibly．考查副词．句意"他们尽一切可能改善局势．"．可知，修饰调查do用possible的副词possibly可能地．31．（1分）Good comic strips are full of action to keep readers interested．（interest）【分析】好的连环漫画充满了让读者感兴趣的动作．【解答】答案：interested 根据提示，推测意思是好的连环漫画充满了让读者感兴趣的动作．考查短语keep sb．+形容词，主语是人，故用ed分词，故答案是interested．32．（1分）I've bought my new recently，so I want to sell my old one．（sale）【分析】我最近买了新的，所以我想卖掉我的旧的．【解答】答案：sell．考查动词．句意"我最近买了新的，所以我想卖掉我的旧的．"．不定式to后跟动词原形sale卖．33．（1分）The weather was changeable last month and many people fell ill with colds．（change）【分析】上个月天气变化无常，许多人患感冒病倒了．【解答】答案：changeable．考查形容词．结合语境"上个月天气___，许多人患感冒病倒了．"．由系动词was．可知，系表结构．填change的形容词changeable 变化无常的．34．（1分）After discussing for a whole day，they reached a conclusion at last．（conclude）【分析】经过一整天的讨论，他们终于得出了结论．【解答】答案：conclusion 根据提示，推测意思是经过一整天的讨论，他们终于得出了结论．前面是单数a，后面用单数名词，故答案是conclusion．五、Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共14分）35．（1分）Jill and Jenny denied stealing the blue vase．（改为一般疑问句）Did Jill and Jenny deny stealing the blue vase？【分析】﹣﹣姬尔和詹妮否认偷了蓝花瓶．﹣﹣姬尔和詹妮否认偷了蓝花瓶吗？【解答】答案：Did，deny．考查一般疑问句．由denied过去式．可知，一般过去时态，变一般疑问句在句首用助动词did．谓语动词用原形deny否认．答案是Did，deny．36．（1分）The new iPhone X cost nine thousand and two hundred yuan．（对划线部分提问）【分析】﹣﹣新款的iPhoneX售价九千二百元．﹣﹣新款的iPhoneX要花多少钱？【解答】答案：How much．考查划线部分提问．根据nine thousand and two hundred yuan九千二百元．可知，对价钱提问用疑问词how much多少钱．37．（1分）They went to the supermarket to buy some food for the picnic yesterday．（对划线部分提问）Why did they go to the supermarket yesterday？【分析】昨天他们去超市买一些野餐用的食物．他们昨天为什么去超市？【解答】答案：Why did．划线部分to buy some food for the picnic 是动词不定式做目的状语，提问用Why，后跟一般疑问句，原句是一般过去时，有实意动词went，故借助于did，故答案是Why did．38．（1分）"What have you learned in the university？"The manager asked Tom．（改为宾语从句）The manager asked Tom what he had learned in the university．【分析】﹣﹣"你在大学里学到了什么？"经理问汤姆．﹣﹣经理问汤姆在大学里学到了什么．【解答】答案：what，had．考查宾语从句．这里用疑问词what引导宾语从句，做宾语．从句用陈述语序，由asked过去式，可知，从句用过去完成时态．结构是had+动词的过去分词．答案是what，had．39．（1分）I shall leave the restaurant if the waiter doesn't come soon．（保持句意基本不变）I shall leave the restaurant unless the waiter comes soon．【分析】﹣﹣如果服务员不马上来，我就离开餐馆．﹣﹣除非服务员马上来，否则我就离开餐馆．【解答】答案：unless，comes．考查同义句．"如果服务员不马上来，我就离开餐馆"，可以表达为"除非服务员马上来，否则我就离开餐馆"．用unless引导条。
2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编----语法填空--学生版(已校对)
Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How to deal with Whiners（抱怨不停的人）?There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they (21) ______ (treat) unfairly.Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious(会蔓延的) , (22) ______ attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. ―While s ome complaints might be reasonable, (23) ______ are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,‖ said Li Ming, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).It is especially hard to deal with complaints at work (24) ______ you can‘t just walk away or put your colleagues‘ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don‘t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others‘ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression (25) ______ you agree with them. ―Listen to the whiners actively,‖ said HR Li. ―Help them find a solution, or see (26) ______ there are ways to impr ove the situation.‖Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from (27) ______ (extend) working hours to cheap hotels on business trips. ―I let them talk about their opinions,‖ she said, ―They feel better when (28) ______ (tell) someone how they want things to be.‖But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. ―I ask about the specifics and work together with them (29) ______ (fix) everything technically.‖ he said.HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. ―The real problem is that the whiners don‘t feel they are being taken seriously,‖ said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. ―(30) ______ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usually di sappear.‖Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Norway is Teaching Travelersto TravelAfter 15 people died during Easter in 1967, the Norwegian Trekking Association and the Red Cross announced their campaign ‗Welcome to the mountains, but be responsible‘. Fjellvettreglene, the ‗mountain code‘(21) ______ encourages people to have a healthy and respectful relationship with nature, has since become a crucial part of Norwegian culture. It includes points such as bringing necessary equipment (22) ______ (assist) yourself and others, seeking shelter if necessary and feeling no shame in turning around.Nationally, Norway (23) ______ (experience) an 11% increase in tourism in the past decade. From just 1,000 tourists in the whole of 2010, Trolltunga, a piece of rock that stands horizontally out of the mountain, (24) ______ (see) 1,800 visitors in one 2017 day alone. Why? Because people want the same picture they see on Instagram and Facebook. A lot don‘t care about the experience of the hike. They just want proof (25) ______ they did it.But, while good for the economy, this tourism boom has become a threat (26) ______ Norway‘s natural environment.Used toilet paper, (27) ______ (abandon) tents and plastic bottles can be found littered all around Trolltunga. And with the high amount of people who come unprepared for such an active hike, Norway‘s leading hiking group, Friluftsliv, also has called for regulations on the number oftourists (28) ______ (hike) to Trolltunga. Lasse Heimdal, leader of the outdoor organization said, ―On a busy day, you may have to wait in line for an hour and a half just to get a picture. To control this, we‘d like to regulate (29) ______ _____ people can hike in a day. Starting hike times should also have regulations so people don‘t start too late and find (30) ______ stuck up here.‖Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneur (创业者). She won the 2015Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence, (21) _____recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems— the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causingexcitement internationally (22)_______their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype(原型) for a flashlight (23)_______(power ) by the heat of one‘s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski‘ goal was (24)________(offer) a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.― I‘m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school (25)_________ she couldn‘t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,‖Makosinski explained.―I‘ve always been interested in doing sc ience projects, so I thought, why don‘t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?‖The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳贴贴片）that produce energy when one side (26)______（heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED light for 20 minutes, (27)______（use）only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators? ― Start now. There (28)________be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high scho ol think ‗ Oh, I‘m a student. I just need to study.‘ (29)________may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do (30)_______you want. Just go ahead.‖II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Developing Competent TeachingNations that have greatly improved their students‘achievements, such as Finland, Korea, Singapore, and others, attribute much of their success to their focused investments in teacher preparation and development. (21) (Create) a system that can routinely hire and prepare teachers effectively and can support successful teaching is the arena (竞技场) in which the United States (22) (fall) behind the most. Although there are some great teachers in every community, the landscape of the supports for quality teaching looks like Swiss cheese. In some states, the holes are smaller, and in others they are bigger. Nor in no case is there a fully (23) (develop) system of instructional support even remotely comparable to that in high-achieving nations. And of course, as we have seen, the system is the weakest in communities (24) students‘ needs are greatest.Some have argued that the answer to weak teaching in the United States id to eliminate ―barriers‖ to teaching, such as teacher education and certification requirements, allow anyone who wants to teach into the classroom, and fire those who prove not to be effective. Although the interest in teaching effectiveness is important, this approach does not offer strategy (25) (ensure) thatteachers will have opportunities to gain the knowledge and skills they need in order to be effective, or that all schools will have the resources to attract and hire the best teachers. (26) does it protect the students in low-income schools, who will be the victims of unprepared and inexperienced teachers in the years until these teachers have demonstrated their incapability and left the field.A regulation (27) (focus) on easy access and easy firing ignores the question of how to develop widespread teaching skills and ensure a strong supply of highly able teachers for schools.(28) such supply, principals will be unable to hire strong teachers even if they are free to hire whomever they are pleased with, and, evidence shows that schools are likely to fire weak teachers, (29) they feel they won‘t be able to replace them. Even if they do, there is little guarantee that the quality of teaching (30) (improve). although there are good reasons to argue for stringer evaluation practices for removing incapable teachers and for recognizing excellent ones, a theory that the major problems with teaching can be solved by carrots and sticks alone leaves the development of teaching abilities to chance.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Grasshopper in Van Gogh PaintingArt conservators(管理员) dream of finding (21)_______(hide) secrets in themasterpieces they look after. Rarely do they expect to find a deadgrasshopper.Conservators at the Nelson-Atkins museum of art in Kansas City said they discovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings, Vincent van Gogh‘s Olive Trees, when it (22)_______ (scan) as part of the research for a catalogue of its French painting collection.It was spot ted by Mary Schafer. She told a local broadcaster that she found it in the work‘s lower foreground. ―(23)_______(look) at the painting with the microscope，I came across the tiny body of a grasshopper covered in the paint, so it (24)_______ have occurred in the wet paint back in 1889.―We can connect it to Van Gogh painting outside, so we think of him battling the elements, dealing with the wind, the bugs, and then he‘s got to walk back to his studio through the fields. What‘s fun is that we can come up with all these stories for (25)_______ the insect landed in the paint.‖Schafer said they were curious to know if the grasshopper could be studied (26)_______(far) to possibly identify which season Van Gogh painted Olive Trees.Michael Engel, a professor at the University of Kansas, was approached (27)_______(examine) the grasshopper further. He discovered that part of the insect‘s body was missing and there was no sign of movement in the surrounding paint. In other words, it was already dead (28)_______ it som ehow landed on the artist‘s wet canvas and could not be used for dating purposes.Van Gogh painted Olive Trees in 1889, the year after his falling out with his friend Gauguin, (29)_______ may have led to his famous act of self-mutilation in the history of art: cutting off his own ear.The grasshopper may not help in any art historical research but it has become a talking point for museum visitors, looking closely into the painting to see (30)_______ they can spot the dead insect.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blankHonesty, my mum always used to tell me, is the best policy. But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients. After all, the doctor-patient relationship is based on trust, and therefore honesty is essential, or so I thought.I had just started working in geriatrics(老年病科). Mr. McMahon（21）in when his body was found very swollen（浮肿的）. I took a medical history （22）his daughter who had accompanied him in the ambulance. She'd been his main career for years. I stood （23）(look) at him as she gave a detailed history. "Has he lost any weight recently?" I asked, "Well, it's funny you should mention that, but yes." She said slowly. There was silence for a few moments. "Why? What are you worried about?" she asked. She was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that I told (24) the truth. "Well, we need to prove it's not cancer." I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.Half an hour later, a nurse called me: "Mr. McMahon's daughter broke down－she said you told her he had cancer." My heart sank. By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed (25) he had cancer. I stood silently at the end of the bed. My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr. McMahon, she turned to me. "Why on earth did you do that?" she asked in disbelief. I looked at her and bit my lip. "She asked me what I was worried about and I told her." I said, hanging my head. "And give her more (26) (worry) about?" replied my consultant. "You don't say the word 'cancer' until it's confirmed. (27)you suspect it, think very carefully before you tell people."(28) it turned out, it wasn't cancer. But I did learn that when someone is stressed and worried about their loved one they're sometimes selective in (29) they hear－and as a doctor it's important to be mindful of this. In being truthful, I'd made the situation (30) (bad).II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Different background shouldn‘t mean less education. Fifty years ago, in a primary school classroom, two boys aged 11 took an examination called the 11-plus,(21)______would make decisions about the rest of their lives. Paul passed and went to a ―grammar school‖. Baz failed the examination and went to a ―secondary modern school‖. They did not see each other again for years.Many grammar schools(22)______(establish) hundreds of years ago to teach the Latin language to children who were not from rich families. They encouraged students to study (23)______they were 18 and then to go to university. Secondary modern school students left at 16, usually with fewer qualifications than grammar school students. Baz says the secondary modem school had(24)______(few)resources and the quality of teaching was not as good.Things have changed. In the 1960s and the 1970s ―comprehensive schools‖were created. Today, 90 percent children aged 11 to 16 from the same area to the same school without(25)______(take) any entry examination.The British often disagrees about the best way(26)______(educate) their children. Many people say that comprehensive schools help more children to succeed because they provide everybody(27)______similar opportunities in a fairer way. Another view, though, is that more intelligent children, especially(28)______from poor homes are better supported at grammar schools. Now, the government plans to open new grammar schools(29)______ ______almost two million children will go to the same type of school that Paul attended.And Paul and Baz? Aged 60, they met again and compared (30)______had happened to them. After university, Paul qualified as a teacher. Baz went to work in a factory at 16 and later became an engineer. In fact, Baz had a much higher salary than Paul--so perhaps life is fair after all.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Today, Mandatory(强制的) recycling is a hard sell in the United States, where the economy runs largely along free market lines and the current landfilling waste remains inexpensive and efficient.Plain and simple, recycling still costs more than landfilling in most places. This fact, (21)______(couple) with the disappearance of the so-called ―landfill crisis‖ of the mid-1990s,means that recycling has not caught on, which runs (22)______ some environmentalists‘ wishes.However, many cities have found ways to recycle economically. They have cut costs by automating sorting and processing. They‘ve also found profitable markets for the recyclables(可回收物) (23)______ cast-off items are acceptable or even welcome. Increased efforts by green groups (24)______(educate) the public about the benefits of recycling have also helped.(25)______ ______ ______ uneconomical recycling seems to some people, some cities, such as Pittsburgh, San Diego and Seattle, have made recycling mandatory. In these cities, recyclables are banned from both household and business garbage. Families (26)______ recycle all basic recyclables, such as paper, cardboard, glass and plastic. To businesses with garbage containers ―polluted‖ with more than 10 recyclables，warnings (27)______(issue). If they fail to take action, fines are expected.New York, a national leader on recycling, decided to stop its least cost-effective recycling programs (plastic and glass) in 2002. But rising landfill costs ate up the $39 million savings expected.As a result, the city brought back plastic and glass recycling and committed to a 20-year contract with a recycling firm, Hugo Neu Corporation, which built the (28)______(advanced) recycling facility in the country.The company focuses on (29)______could cut costs. Automation hasstreamlined the sorting process, and easy access to rail has cut both the environmental and transportation costs. The new deal and new facility have made recycling efficient for the city and its residents,(30)______(show) once and for all that responsibly-run recycling programs can actually save money, landfill space and the environment.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Star Giraffe Finally Gives BirthApril, a giraffe who became an Internet star after her pregnancy was broadcast online, has finally given birth, ending months of excitement for her audience.The live broadcast from Animal Adventure Park in Harpursville, the State of New York, began during the winter. (21) drew nearly five million viewers a day at its peak. Some viewers kept checking back, even after the period (22) _____ _____ April was expected to give birth had gone. Others became frustrated, questioning (23)she was really pregnant.Finally, (24)_____ April was pacing in her pen (畜栏) on April 15, two hooves (蹄) began to appear. After a few hours, a newly-born giraffe was lying on the floor, (25)_____ (look) around confusedly. The calf (幼崽) tried to stand a few times but (26)_____ not. An hour later, it was (27)_____ its feet, walking around carefully. A spokesman for the animal park said the calf was a boy. ―After months of pregnancy, both mom and calf are doing fine,‖ said Jordan, the owner of Animal Adventure Park.People in Harpursville now hope the attention that April (28)_____ (draw) will translate into an economic development for the area. Harpursville was once a manufacturing base, but it has struggled financially in recent years.Fortunately, there are already signs (29)_____ April‘s fame is breathing new life into the area. Dozens of families recently arrived at the animal park after hours of driving, only (30)_____ (find) it closed for the winter. A nearby hotel has booked more than 100 reservations for a package that includes admission to the park when it reopens in May.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Recreational Vehicles (房车): On the RoadRecreational vehicles (RVs) are a typically American invention. Nationally, sales rose to 430,000 units last year, a 40-year high. At the inexpensive end, they sell for as little as $5,000 for a caravan (大篷车); deluxe versions cost up to $1,000,000 and are typically equipped with a bedroom,kitchen and bathroom that are bigger than ones in many European flats. The share prices of Thor Industries, the biggest RV-manufacturer in America, and Winnebago, the third-largest, (21)_ (rise) by 43% and 17%, respectively so far.That is a big change. During the 2008-09 recession, notes Mr. Troiano, the owner of Continental R V, R V dealerships everywhere closed down, leaving his shop among the very few (22)(leave) servingtheNewY orkmetropolitanarea. Mr. Troianoisontrack(23) (sell) more RVs this year than in any other since the early 2000s. The current rebound ( 反弹) ismostly(24) the economy‘s recovery, but it also springs from the fact that new typesof customer are embracing thelifestyle.A decade ago, the average age of an RV-owner was 49, and over 90% were white, says Kevin Broom of the Recreational V ehicle Industry Association (RVIA), which doesn‘t indicate a brightfuture. Another boost comes from sufficient immigrants,(25)are keen toexperiencelong, self-planned road trips in America. Mr. Troiano‘s most recent big sale wasto(26)richAsian family.The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales — last year less than 1% of R Vs produced domestically (27)(ship) to foreign markets —may improve, too. China‘sgovernment, for example, has planned to build 2,000 campgrounds by 2020, up from an estimated 300 today, in a bid to promote domestic tourism, particularly to remote rural regions. Chinese firms such as Y utong Bus make RVs, but not of the quality that many Chinese want. The country imported 1,000 vehicles last year, over half of themAmerican.R V manufacturers are also marketing theconcept(28)their motor homescanbe commercial as well as leisure vehicles.They(29)allow travelling salesmen,businessmento save on food and hotelcosts. (30)you park it, it can be your office, as well as yourhome.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.At first glance, these impressive images look like moment captured by a talented photographer. But you cannot always believe what you see. These pictures, with their incredible photographic details, are in fact the creations (21)_______ (draw) by Scottish hyper-realist Paul Cadden.With often nothing more than a pencil in hand, the 47-year-old artist produces elaborate drawings that could easily (22)______ (mistake) for the work of any modern digital camera. From the wrinkles on a woman‘s face and beads of water, to a breath of smoke from a cigarette, Cadeenis able to capture (23)______ (complicated) features of his subjects in such painstaking detail that the images look astonishingly real.Cadden said he began drawing at a very young age and has always been interested in art. With some experience in animation and graphic design, he moves into hyper-realism (24)______ he has a special gift for capturing details.His creations reflect his love for details, with a single image (25)______ (take) up to six weeks to produce. Working with pencil, graphite and white chalk, Cadden is able to create seven poster-size pieces a year, (26)_____ sell for up to $5,000 each.The artist explained that he does not want people to focus completely on the techniques involved in his pieces. ―I want them to think about the work and (27)_______ I‘m actually drawing,‖ he said, ―Iprefer to study the internal aspect of the subject (28)______ _______ focus solely on the external part.‖Now, Cadden is planning to take his pieces to more foreign countries, and to hold exhibitions in China, Cuba and Brazil. He hopes to get established enough(29)______ (make) a living from his work. ―I want to be doing lots of exhibitions in five years‘ time. To have a successful solo show is a long-cherished dream of mine,‖he said. ―It‘s such a fantastic feeling (30）______ somebody buys your paintings and you know the paintings are sitting somewhere in their houses.‖II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One of my (21) ________ (memorable) vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy, my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life. We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm, (22) ________ (join) in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family. We got up early to seethe cows as they (23) ________ (milk). I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different (24) ________ my own. It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day, I wonder (25) ________ that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own. There is never a day when the animals don‘t need to be fed. But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids. Vacations are a time for resting and connecting. As a bank manager, I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money. One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year. In our busy lives, family is what we (26)________ be saving our money and time for.For my family, our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip. We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time. Among the things we discuss: Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel? Would it be better (27) ________ (buy) groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28) ________ (involve) the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all (29) ________ ________ the vacation can work for everyone.Each year, setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is the one week a year I don‘t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes. (30) ________ matters that week is that everyone is having a great timeSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.。
2018年上海市松江区英语中考一模试卷及参考答案
2018年上海市松江区中考英语一模试卷一、Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1．（6分）1．2．3．4．5．6．B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你所听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）2．（8分）7．A．BasketballB．TennisC．SkatingD．Swimming8．A．CloudyB．RainyC．SunnyD．Windy9．A．At 3：00B．At 6：00C．At 9：00D．At 10：0010．A．By taxiB．By motorcycleC．By undergroundD．By bus11．A．At the beachB．At the airportC．At the theatreD．At the hotel12．A．Because he was upset．B．Because he didn't work hard．C．Because he was ill．D．Because he was careless．13．A．She wants the man to see a doctor．B．She wants the man to get up immediately．C．She wants the man to have a good sleep．D．She wants the man to find a new job．14．A．GeographyB．MathsC．HistoryD．ScienceC. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）3．（6分）15．Robby began to have a piano lesson at the age of eleven．16．Alice took Robby as a student because he wanted to learn piano very much．17．Robby had to practise playing the piano at home because his mother was ill．18．Alice was surprised when she heard Robby play the piano so well in the public show．19．Robby's mother was in the school hall when he was playing the piano in the public show．20．As a piano teacher，Alice taught Robby the meaning of love and confidence．D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）（10分）4．（5分）21．Jane's stay in a hotel in Virginia was in the US．22．Before leaving，Jane thanked all staff in the hotel and from newspapers．23．Jane said she the hotel after her husband died in 2001．24．The hotel offered round﹣the﹣clock service and no electricity or cable bills．25．Over the years，Jane well with people and has made many friends there．二、.Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）5．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation？（）A．finish B．pilot C．middle D．picnic6．（1分）Lily spent years caring _____ her sick uncle．（）A．of B．at C．for D．with7．（1分）A group of teachers went to Guangzhou for an important activity ____ Dec．20th．（）A．in B．on C．to D．at8．（1分）Uncle Tom raises many ______ on his farm and we often go there for avisit．（）A．sheep B．horse C．pig D．bird9．（1分）After the discussion，most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．（）A．I B．my C．me D．mine10．（1分）Jennifer has two children and ______ of them was born in winter．（）A．both B．some C．all D．neither11．（1分）This is one of _____ robots I have ever seen．（）A．more intelligent B．the most intelligentC．much more intelligent D．intelligent12．（1分）The Trojan War continued for several hours _____ darkness came．（）A．as soon as B．if C．since D．until13．（1分）I felt quite ______ when I came here for the first time．（）A．happily B．luckily C．excitedly D．lonely14．（1分）Communicating with different people ______ help children learn to get along with others．（）A．should B．need C．may D．must15．（1分）﹣﹣﹣______ will we know the results of the competition？﹣﹣﹣In a week，I suppose．（）A．How much B．How far C．How soon D．How long16．（1分）Jim believes he will soon be able to play basketball as _____ as Yao Ming．（）A．good B．well C．better D．best17．（1分）David knows much about the city because he _____ there three times．（）A．had gone B．had been C．has gone D．has been18．（1分）Thousands of electronic products _______ in Garden City every day．（）A．were thrown B．are thrownC．will be thrown D．have been thrown19．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was taking a walk with my pet dogby the road．（）A．happened B．happen C．would happen D．happens20．（1分）______ exciting film Coco（寻梦环游记）is!（）A．How B．What a（an）C．How a（an）D．What21．（1分）Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．（）A．stealing B．to steal C．stole D．steal22．（1分）Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives．（）A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote23．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？﹣﹣﹣_______．（）A．A good idea．B．With pleasure．C．Thanks a lot．D．Don't worry．24．（1分）﹣﹣Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike．﹣﹣_____________．（）A．Not at all．B．You're so careless．C．That's all right．D．That sounds interesting．三、.Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）25．（4分）The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteen day of the first lunar month．It is called Yuan Xiao Festival as well．During this festival，people （46）lanterns everywhere﹣﹣﹣in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in（47）places．Some of the lanterns are painted with birds，animals，flowers，Chinese zodiac（属相）signs or riddles（谜语）．What's more，the Lantern Festival is the first night in a year when people can see a bright（48）moon while enjoying a family reunion dinner．It （49）the official end of the long Spring Festival holiday．26．（4分）11111Besides interesting activities and beautiful lanterns，eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，is one of the special（50）of the Lantern Festival．The fillings（馅）inside the dumplings are （51）sweet or salty．Sweet fillings are（52）made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on while salty fillings have vegetables，meat，etc．Anyway，the way to（53）Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China．As Yuan Xiao Festival is coming soon，what have you prepared？We wish you all a happy evening with your family!四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分）27．（1分）I took many during my stay in Tibet last summer．（photo）28．（1分）It's essential for to review English words from time to time．（my）29．（1分）He held a party to celebrate his son's birthday yesterday．（five）30．（1分）They tried everything they could do to improve the situation．（possible）31．（1分）Good comic strips are full of action to keep readers．（interest）32．（1分）I've bought my new recently，so I want to my old one．（sale）33．（1分）The weather was last month and many people fell ill with colds．（change）34．（1分）After discussing for a whole day，they reached a at last．（conclude）五、Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共14分）35．（1分）Jill and Jenny denied stealing the blue vase．（改为一般疑问句）Jill and Jenny stealing the blue vase？36．（1分）The new iPhone X cost nine thousand and two hundred yuan．（对划线部分提问）did the new iPhone X cost？37．（1分）They went to the supermarket to buy some food for the picnic yesterday．（对划线部分提问）they go to the supermarket yesterday？38．（1分）"What have you learned in the university？"The manager asked Tom．（改为宾语从句）The manager asked Tom he learned in the university．39．（1分）I shall leave the restaurant if the waiter doesn't come soon．（保持句意基本不变）I shall leave the restaurant the waiter soon．40．（1分）Damin pushes the birds into the water with the pole every day．（改为被动语态）The birds into the water with the pole by Damin every day．41．（1分）used，Ken，to help，clues，the thief，him，find（连词成句）六、Reading comprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）A. Choose the best answer （根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）42．（12分）I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat writing letters．Standing by her chair，looking at the ink bottle，pens，and white paper，I decided that the act of writing must be the most wonderful thing in the world．Years later，during her final illness，Mother kept different things for my sister and brother．"But the desk"，she said，"is for Elizabeth"．I never saw her angry，never saw her cry．I knew she loved me；she showed it in action．But as a young girl，I wanted heart﹣to﹣heart talks between mother and daughter．They never happened．And a gulf opened between us．I was "too emotional（易动情感的）"．But she lived "on the surface"．As years passed，I had my own family．I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family．I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in anyway she chose that she did forgive（原谅）me．I posted the letter and waited for her answer．None came．My hope turned to disappointment，then little interest and finally，peace﹣﹣﹣it seemed that nothing happened．I couldn't be sure that the letter had even got to Mother．I only knew that I had written it，and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not．Now the present of her desk told me，as she'd never been able to，that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work，I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside，a photo of my father and a one﹣page letter，folded （折叠）and refolded many times．Give me an answer，my letter asks，in any way you choose．Mother，you always chose the act that speaks louder than words．69．Elizabeth began to love her mother's desk．A．after she had her own familyB．when she was a childC．after her mother diedD．when her mother was badly ill70．The underlined word"gulf"in the fourth paragraph means．A．deep understanding between the mother and the daughterB．different ideas between the mother and the daughterC．free talks between the mother and the daughterD．part of the sea going far in land71．Elizabeth wrote to her mother to．A．apologize to herB．express thanks to herC．have heart﹣to﹣heart talksD．make her cry72．Elizabeth was probably．A．a teacherB．a doctorC．a novelistD．an actress73．Which of the following statements is true according to the writer？A．The letter had never got to Elizabeth's mother．B．Elizabeth and her mother often argued with each other．C．Elizabeth realized her mother forgave her at last．D．Elizabeth's mother was too emotional．74．What's the best title of the passage？A．My mother's deskB．A letter to my motherC．Talks between Mother and MeD．My happy family43．（6分）The perfect language learnerEvery language student wants to know the secret to making the post progress in the shortest time．What does the perfect learner do to better acquire a foreign language？The following are some tips which may help you （75）your language skills．Learn every dayEven when you are really tired，do some learning，even if it's only 5﹣10minutes．Never miss a chance to increase your knowledge．Use it，（76）lose it! Practice makes perfect．Memorize new vocabularyTo really learn a new word，you have to remind yourself of it six times over hours，days and weeks．Write down all your new vocabulary in a little book that you can always carry around with you，or keep a （77）in your mobile﹣﹣﹣you always have it with you，don't you？According to a recent study，86percent of the participants believe that they are more likely to be successful in remembering new words with a vocabulary list．Be （78）Don't worry about small mistakes! No one minds! When you learn new vocabulary or grammar，use it as soon as possible．If you can't use them （79），it islikely that someone will corrct you at once．Challenge yourself! Go for it!（80），you can use technology to improve your English such as listening to podcasts（播客）of native speakers，reading news in the language you are learning，watching videos etc．Cheer up! You can be a perfect language learner! 75．A．affect B．create C．improve D．follow 76．A．and B．or C．but D．so 77．A．diary B．program C．record D．promise 78．A．serious B．active C．honest D．brave 79．A．accurately B．freely C．completely D．easily 80．A．For these reasons B．In addition C．In other words D．In a word 44．（8分）Cars make our life more convenient．But they can also be a problem，especially fossil fuel（化石燃料）cars，which are a major cause of air pollution．To improve the environment，many countries are d（81）electric vehicles （EVs，电动车）．Among them，China is taking a leading role and has created the world's largest EV m（82），according to the Wall Street Journal．Last year，over 40percent of the 753，000EVs sold worldwide were sold in China，more than twice as many as the number sold in the United States，according to the International Energy Agency．Chinese drivers are already big fans of ECs．Chinese auto companies（汽车公司）i （83）BYD and BAIC（北汽集团）were among the top in the world in EV sales．"Charging an electric car is cheaper than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas，"said a customer，who bought an electric car from BAIC this year．However，there are still some problems．It is h（84）to find charging piles （充电桩）．The cars can't go far before they need to be recharged．S（85）of these problems are being solved，In 2014，China had 31，000charging piles，according to Xinhua News Agency．Now China has the world's largest EV charging network，with more than 167，000charging piles altogether，according to the Economic Daily．China is trying to make EVs p（86）to reduce pressure（压力）on its environment．The government promised to s（87）increasing carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）．"As China goes，so will the world's auto industry，"the Wall Street Journal said．45．（6分）Chinese boys are failing to become men according to a new book CALLED Save the Boys．The book says today's Chinese boys are both physically and emotionally（情感地）weak．It claims，in effect，that boys are becoming more girly!The writers of the book say modern culture and education system have an effect on this situation．They also say boys' learning is constricted（受限制的）by having to sit still in class all day．They don't have good role models in school because most of their teachers are women．On top of that，most men role models in pop﹣culture，the authors say，are effeminate（女子气的）．Now，if you are a boy reading this，you shouldn't get too nervous（you may already be laughing!），because the book is just talking about social changes that have been happening all over the world，not just in China．When the world was becoming richer，the traditional roles of men and women changed a lot．Now we no longer live in old times when men had to defend their families from man﹣eating tigers．And women are no longer financially（经济地）dependent on men because they have their own jobs and careers．Becoming a man is a difficult and long process．Your best role model is probably your father．From our fathers we learn that a man is honest and kind．He is responsible and hardworking．He always faces difficulties and doesn't complain or make excuses．He may not have big muscles，but he does have a big heart．As long as there are good fathers，there is no need to worry about"saving"the boys．88．What's today's Chinese boys' problem according to a book called Save the Boys？89．According to the book，what causes the boys' problem？90．Why do the boys have no good role models in school？91．According to the book，social changes are just happening in China，aren't they？93，What can we do to help boys become men？七、Writing（作文）（共20分）46．（20分）Write a passage of at least 60words on the topic"I'm looking forward to sth．/doing sth．"（以"我期待…"为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格．）（注意：短文中不得出现真实姓名和校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分．）提示：在你今后的生活和学习中有什么期待？为何有这样的期待？为此你将如何作努力？2018年上海市松江区中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、Listening comprehension（听力理解）（共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）（6分）1．（6分）1．略2．略3．略4．略5．略6．略【分析】略【解答】略B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear（根据你所听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案）（8分）2．（8分）7．A．BasketballC．SkatingD．Swimming8．A．CloudyB．RainyC．SunnyD．Windy9．A．At 3：00B．At 6：00C．At 9：00D．At 10：0010．A．By taxiB．By motorcycleC．By undergroundD．By bus11．A．At the beachB．At the airportC．At the theatreD．At the hotel12．A．Because he was upset．B．Because he didn't work hard．C．Because he was ill．D．Because he was careless．13．A．She wants the man to see a doctor．B．She wants the man to get up immediately．C．She wants the man to have a good sleep．D．She wants the man to find a new job．14．A．GeographyB．MathsC．HistoryD．Science【解答】略C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false （判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）3．（6分）15．Robby began to have a piano lesson at the age of eleven．略16．Alice took Robby as a student because he wanted to learn piano very much．略17．Robby had to practise playing the piano at home because his mother was ill．略18．Alice was surprised when she heard Robby play the piano so well in the public show．略19．Robby's mother was in the school hall when he was playing the piano in the public show．略20．As a piano teacher，Alice taught Robby the meaning of love and confidence．略【分析】略【解答】略D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容．每空格限填一词）（10分）4．（5分）21．Jane's stay in a hotel in Virginia was略in the US．22．Before leaving，Jane thanked all staff in the hotel and略from newspapers．23．Jane said she略the hotel after her husband died in 2001．24．The hotel offered round﹣the﹣clock service略and no electricity or cable bills．25．Over the years，Jane略well with people and has made many friends there．【分析】略二、.Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）5．（1分）Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation？（）A．finish B．pilot C．middle D．picnic【分析】下面哪个下划线部分发音不一样？【解答】考查语音．A．finish[ˈfiniʃ]．B．pilot[ˈpailət]．C．middle[ˈmidl]．D．picnic[ˈpiknik]．A，C，D选项划线部分发/i/．B选项划线部分发/ai/．因此划线部分发音不同的一项是B．故选：B．6．（1分）Lily spent years caring _____ her sick uncle．（）A．of B．at C．for D．with【分析】莉莉花了好几年照顾她生病的叔叔．【解答】答案：C．考查介词．A属于．B在几点或小地点．C为了．D和．句意"莉莉花了好几年照顾她生病的叔叔．"．care for照顾…固定搭配．选C．7．（1分）A group of teachers went to Guangzhou for an important activity ____ Dec．20th．（）A．in B．on C．to D．at【分析】12月20日，一群教师去广州参加一项重要活动．【解答】答案：B．考查介词．in表示在一个具体范围．on表示在具体某一天．to 到…at在具体的几点．由"12月20日"，可知，具体某一天用介词on．选B．8．（1分）Uncle Tom raises many ______ on his farm and we often go there for a visit．（）A．sheep B．horse C．pig D．bird【分析】汤姆叔叔在他的农场养了许多羊，我们经常去那里参观．【解答】答案：A．考查名词．A羊．B马．C猪．D鸟．句意"汤姆叔叔在他的复数还是它本身．选A．9．（1分）After the discussion，most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．（）A．I B．my C．me D．mine【分析】讨论过后，大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．【解答】答案：D．考查物主代词．句意：讨论过后，大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．根据题干most people took Jane's advice instead of _____．可知应说大多数人都接受了简的建议，而不是我的．空后没有名词，用名词性物主代词mine，指我的建议．故选D．10．（1分）Jennifer has two children and ______ of them was born in winter．（）A．both B．some C．all D．neither【分析】Jennifer有两个孩子，没有一个出生在冬天．【解答】答案：D根据题意：Jennifer有两个孩子，没有一个出生在冬天．结合选项，A．两者都B．一些C．全部D．两者都不，由two children ，可知是两者，故排除B C；动词was，只能用neither，故选D．11．（1分）This is one of _____ robots I have ever seen．（）A．more intelligent B．the most intelligentC．much more intelligent D．intelligent【分析】这是我曾经见过的最聪明的机器人之一．【解答】答案：B．根据空格前面的词语是one of，后面是I have ever seen，因此可知这句话要用最高级来填空，结合给出的四个选项，因此可知这句话的意思是"这是我曾经见过的最聪明的机器人之一．"故选B．12．（1分）The Trojan War continued for several hours _____ darkness came．（）A．as soon as B．if C．since D．until【解答】答案：D．考查连词．A一…就…B如果、是否．C自从．D直到．结合语境"特洛伊战争持续了好几个小时，__天黑．"，可知，应该是"直到"．选D．13．（1分）I felt quite ______ when I came here for the first time．（）A．happily B．luckily C．excitedly D．lonely【分析】当我第一次来到这里时，我感到很孤独．【解答】答案：D．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：当我第一次来到这里时，我感到很孤独．A．happily高兴地．B．luckily幸运地．C．excitedly兴奋地．D．lonely 孤独地．根据题干when I came here for the first time．可知我感到很孤独．故选D．14．（1分）Communicating with different people ______ help children learn to get along with others．（）A．should B．need C．may D．must【分析】与不同的人交流可以帮助孩子学会与人相处．【解答】答案：C．考查情态动词．A应该．B需要．C可能、会．D必须．结合语境"与不同的人交流__帮助孩子学会与人相处．"，可知，应该是"可以"．选C．15．（1分）﹣﹣﹣______ will we know the results of the competition？﹣﹣﹣In a week，I suppose．（）A．How much B．How far C．How soon D．How long【分析】﹣﹣我们多久才能知道比赛结果？﹣﹣我想一个星期之后．【解答】答案：C．考查疑问词组．how much多少钱．how far多远，对距离提问．how soon "多快/多久以后"，其后用in加一段时间来回答．how long多久，对一段时间或长度提问．根据回答"我想一个星期之内．"，可知，对in+段时间提问，用how soon．选C．16．（1分）Jim believes he will soon be able to play basketball as _____ as Yao Ming．（）A．good B．well C．better D．best【解答】答案：B和…一样as …as…中间用形容词或者副词的原级，故可排除CD．根据根据是打篮球打得一样好，修饰play basketball，故要用副词well．故又可排除A．故答案为B．17．（1分）David knows much about the city because he _____ there three times．（）A．had gone B．had been C．has gone D．has been【分析】戴维对这个城市很了解，因为他去过那里三次．【解答】答案：D．考查同义词．have gone to去了某地，还没回来．have been to 去过某地，已经回来了．结合语境"戴维对这个城市很了解，因为他去过那里三次．"．可知，A，C不正确．表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，用现在完成时态．B不正确．选D．18．（1分）Thousands of electronic products _______ in Garden City every day．（）A．were thrown B．are thrownC．will be thrown D．have been thrown【分析】每天都有成千上万的电子产品被投放到加登城．【解答】答案：B根据句中的时间状语为every day "每天"可确定时态是一般现在时，主语Thousands of electronic products 是谓语动词throw的承受者，二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故该句的谓语动词为一般现在时的被动语态，结构是am/is/are +及物动词的过去分词，主语是复数名词，助动词为are，throw的过去分词为thrown，故选B．19．（1分）When the traffic accident ______，I was taking a walk with my pet dog by the road．（）A．happened B．happen C．would happen D．happens【分析】当交通事故发生时，我正跟我的狗走在路上．我的狗走在路上．可知，前面交通事故发生应该使用一般过去时态，故选A20．（1分）______ exciting film Coco（寻梦环游记）is!（）A．How B．What a（an）C．How a（an）D．What【分析】寻梦环游记是一部多么激动人心的电影啊！【解答】答案：B．英语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词，形容词是exciting，名词film可数名词单数，exciting 是以元音音素开头的，需要加冠词an，应用what来感叹，故选B．21．（1分）Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．（）A．stealing B．to steal C．stole D．steal【分析】最后，嫌疑犯承认偷了商店里的项链．【解答】答案：A．根据Finally，the suspect admitted _____ the necklace in the shop．可知最后，嫌疑犯承认偷了商店里的项链．这里admit doing sth表示承认做某事．故选A．22．（1分）Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives．（）A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote【分析】Pansy答应写一篇关于侦探的文章．【解答】答案：B．根据Pansy made a promise _____ an article on detectives，可知这里make a promise to do sth表示答应做某事．故选B．23．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？﹣﹣﹣_______．（）A．A good idea．B．With pleasure．C．Thanks a lot．D．Don't worry．【分析】你能帮我一个忙吗，年轻人？很愿意．很愿意．A．A good idea．好主意；B．With pleasure．很愿意；C．Thanks a lot．非常感谢；D．Don't worry．不要担心．根据题干Could you do me a favour with the case，young man？可知应说很愿意．故选B．24．（1分）﹣﹣Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike．﹣﹣_____________．（）A．Not at all．B．You're so careless．C．That's all right．D．That sounds interesting．【分析】﹣﹣很抱歉，我迟到了．我的自行车坏了．﹣﹣﹣﹣没关系．【解答】答案：C；Not at all你太粗心了；You're so careless你总是那么粗心；That's all right没关系；That sounds interesting那听起来很有趣；根据上句Sorry，I'm late．There was something wrong with my bike很抱歉，我迟到了．我的自行车坏了．可知答语应表示"没关系"；故选C．三、.Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）25．（4分）The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteen day of the first lunar month．It is called Yuan Xiao Festival as well．During this festival，people （46）C lanterns everywhere ﹣﹣﹣in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in（47）B places．Some of the lanterns are painted with birds，animals，flowers，Chinese zodiac（属相）signs or riddles（谜语）．What's more，the Lantern Festival is the first night in a year when people can see a bright（48）D moon while enjoying a family reunion dinner．It （49）E the official end of the long Spring Festival holiday．【分析】文章介绍了中国的传统节日﹣元宵节．【解答】CBDE们到处悬挂灯笼，时态为一般现在时，故选C．47．B 考查形容词，根据，结in the streets，in temples，in their homes and in…places，结合选项，推出句意：在树上，在寺庙里，在他们的家里，在公共场所，故选B．48．D 考查形容词，根据，a bright…moon，以及The Lantern Festival，可知在元宵节这天，月亮又亮又圆，即一轮满月，结合选项，故选D．49．E 考查动词，根据it…the official end of the long Spring Festival holiday，结合选项，推出句意：这标志着春节长假的正式结束，时态为一般现在时，故选E．26．（4分）11111Besides interesting activities and beautiful lanterns，eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，is one of the special（50）A of the Lantern Festival．The fillings（馅）inside the dumplings are （51）D sweet or salty．Sweet fillings are（52）E made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on while salty fillings have vegetables，meat，etc．Anyway，the way to（53）C Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China．As Yuan Xiao Festival is coming soon，what have you prepared？We wish you all a happy evening with your family!【分析】文章讲述了中国庆祝传统节日元宵节的方式．【解答】ADEC50．A 考查名词，根据eating Yuan Xiao，sweet or salty dumplings made of rice flour，可知吃元宵和和由面粉做成的饺子是元宵节的传统，结合选项，故选A．51．D 考查形容词，根据…sweet or salty，结合选项，可知是句型either…or…或者…或者…，此处表示或者甜的或者咸的，故选D．52．E 考查副词，根据Sweet fillings are…made of sugar，sesame（芝麻）and so on ，结合选项，推出句意：甜的馅大概是由糖，芝麻等做成，故选E．53．C 考查动词，根据the way to…Yuan Xiao Festival varies between northern and southern China，结合选项，推出句意：中国南北方庆祝元宵节的方式是多样化的，所以动词celebrate符合题意，to后跟动词原形，故选C．四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分）27．（1分）I took many photos during my stay in Tibet last summer．（photo）【分析】去年夏天我在西藏逗留期间拍了许多照片．【解答】答案：photos．考查名词．句意"去年夏天我在西藏逗留期间拍了许多照片．"．由many许多，可知，用photo的复数photos．28．（1分）It's essential for me to review English words from time to time．（my）【分析】对我来说，经常复习英语单词是很必要的．【解答】答案：me．考查代词．结合语境"对我来说，经常复习英语单词是很必要的．"．it is+形容词+for sb to do sth对某人来说，做某事是…介词for后用宾格me我．29．（1分）He held a party to celebrate his son's fifth birthday yesterday．（five）【分析】昨天他开了一个晚会庆祝他儿子第五岁生日．【解答】答案：fifth．考查序数词．句意"昨天他开了一个晚会庆祝他儿子第五岁生日．"．可知，用five的序数词fifth第五．30．（1分）They tried everything they could possibly do to improve the situation．（possible）【分析】他们尽一切可能改善局势．【解答】答案：possibly．考查副词．句意"他们尽一切可能改善局势．"．可知，修饰调查do用possible的副词possibly可能地．31．（1分）Good comic strips are full of action to keep readers interested．（interest）【分析】好的连环漫画充满了让读者感兴趣的动作．【解答】答案：interested 根据提示，推测意思是好的连环漫画充满了让读者感兴趣的动作．考查短语keep sb．+形容词，主语是人，故用ed分词，故答案是interested．32．（1分）I've bought my new recently，so I want to sell my old one．（sale）【分析】我最近买了新的，所以我想卖掉我的旧的．【解答】答案：sell．考查动词．句意"我最近买了新的，所以我想卖掉我的旧的．"．不定式to后跟动词原形sale卖．33．（1分）The weather was changeable last month and many people fell ill with colds．（change）【分析】上个月天气变化无常，许多人患感冒病倒了．【解答】答案：changeable．考查形容词．结合语境"上个月天气___，许多人患感冒病倒了．"．由系动词was．可知，系表结构．填change的形容词changeable 变化无常的．34．（1分）After discussing for a whole day，they reached a conclusion at last．（conclude）【分析】经过一整天的讨论，他们终于得出了结论．【解答】答案：conclusion 根据提示，推测意思是经过一整天的讨论，他们终于得出了结论．前面是单数a，后面用单数名词，故答案是conclusion．五、Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）（共14分）35．（1分）Jill and Jenny denied stealing the blue vase．（改为一般疑问句）Did Jill and Jenny deny stealing the blue vase？【分析】﹣﹣姬尔和詹妮否认偷了蓝花瓶．﹣﹣姬尔和詹妮否认偷了蓝花瓶吗？【解答】答案：Did，deny．考查一般疑问句．由denied过去式．可知，一般过去时态，变一般疑问句在句首用助动词did．谓语动词用原形deny否认．答案是Did，deny．36．（1分）The new iPhone X cost nine thousand and two hundred yuan．（对划线部分提问）【分析】﹣﹣新款的iPhoneX售价九千二百元．﹣﹣新款的iPhoneX要花多少钱？【解答】答案：How much．考查划线部分提问．根据nine thousand and two hundred yuan九千二百元．可知，对价钱提问用疑问词how much多少钱．37．（1分）They went to the supermarket to buy some food for the picnic yesterday．（对划线部分提问）Why did they go to the supermarket yesterday？【分析】昨天他们去超市买一些野餐用的食物．他们昨天为什么去超市？【解答】答案：Why did．划线部分to buy some food for the picnic 是动词不定式做目的状语，提问用Why，后跟一般疑问句，原句是一般过去时，有实意动词went，故借助于did，故答案是Why did．38．（1分）"What have you learned in the university？"The manager asked Tom．（改为宾语从句）The manager asked Tom what he had learned in the university．【分析】﹣﹣"你在大学里学到了什么？"经理问汤姆．﹣﹣经理问汤姆在大学里学到了什么．【解答】答案：what，had．考查宾语从句．这里用疑问词what引导宾语从句，做宾语．从句用陈述语序，由asked过去式，可知，从句用过去完成时态．结构是had+动词的过去分词．答案是what，had．39．（1分）I shall leave the restaurant if the waiter doesn't come soon．（保持句意基本不变）I shall leave the restaurant unless the waiter comes soon．【分析】﹣﹣如果服务员不马上来，我就离开餐馆．﹣﹣除非服务员马上来，否则我就离开餐馆．【解答】答案：unless，comes．考查同义句．"如果服务员不马上来，我就离开餐馆"，可以表达为"除非服务员马上来，否则我就离开餐馆"．用unless引导条。
2018年上海市松江区高三英语一模卷和参考答案
2018年上海市松江区高三英语一模卷(满分140分,完卷时间120分钟)2017.12I.Listening ComprehensionSection A(10分)Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.At a concert.B.In a restaurant.C.In a flower shop.D.In a supermarket.2.A.15.B.50.C.85.D.100.3.A.Excited.B.Interested.C.Entertained.D.Disappointed.4.A.Because her boss will return her the money after seeing the receipt.B.Because her boss asks her to buy a lot of things.C.Because she wants to establish a standard procedure in her company.D.Because she wants to check everything she has bought.5.A.Go on with the chat.B.Review his lessons.C.Connect with his friends.D.Talk with his friends face to face.6.A.He is always in a good mood.B.He has spent more money than expected.C.He is good at playing the piano.D.He’s pleased with his purchase.7.A.Mr.White’s new appointment.B.Mr.White’s vacation.C.An important vacant position.D.How to apply for a job.8.A.Her shoes will be in stock next month.B.She is longing for the shoes that are currently unavailable.C.She is unwilling to wait for a long time.D.She ca n’t bear waiting.9.A.Policeman and car driver. B.Librarian and student.C.Doctor and patient.D.Post clerk and customer.10.A.John will deliver a presentation tomorrow about a new electronic device.B.The clients are very nervous about the quality of the new car.C.Tracy’s presentation is about a type of new electric car.D.Tracy is nervous because this electric car hasn’t received positive feedback before.Section B(15分)Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following news.11.A.Because man makes us of only20%of the brain’s capacity.B.Because the other80%of man’s brain will grow in due time.C.Because man’brain has grown larger over the past centuries.D.Because man will use his brain more and more as time goes on.12.A.He thinks and feels in different ways.B.He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C.He has no hair because it is no longer useful.D.His fingers grow weaker because he doesn’t use them.13.A.M an’s life will be different in the future.B.Future man will look different from us.C.Man is growing taller and uglier as time goes by.D.The fun ctions of man’s organs will function as well as today.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Reading magazine articles. B.Preparing book reports.C.Writing research papers.D.Selecting information sources.15.A.Gathering nonrelevant information. B.Stealing another person’s ideas.C.Sharing notes with someone else.D.Handing in assignments late.16.A.In the student’s own words.B.In direct quotations.C.In short phrases.D.In shorthand.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Checking the room. B.Arranging a large conference.C.Running a hotel.D.Handling a complaint.18.A.There is no lavatory paper.B.The toilet doesn’t flush properly.C.The water doesn’t run away in the shower.D.There is no pillow in the room.19.A.Busy. B.Unhappy. C.Excited. D.Hot.20.A.Adjust the regulator. B.fix the toilet and shower.C.Send the lavatory paper.D.Send a cake and fruit.II.Grammar and VocabularySection A(10分)Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.One of my(21)________(memorable)vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy,my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life.We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm,(22) ________(join)in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family.We got up early to see the cows as they(23)________(milk).I even tried my hand at milking one,and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different(24)________my own.It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day,I wonder(25)________that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own.There is never a day when the animals don’t need to be fed.But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids.Vacations are a time for resting and connecting.As a bank manager,I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money.One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year.In our busy lives,family is what we(26)________be saving our money and time for.For my family,our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip.We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time.Among the things we discuss:Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel?Would it be better(27) ________(buy)groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28)________(involve)the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they havea great vacation too.I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim.So I build in some relaxation time for us all(29)________________the vacation can work for everyone.Each year,setting aside vacation time to spend together is especiallyimportant to us.This is th e one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes.(30)________matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Each year,setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is th e one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes.(30)________matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Section B(10分)Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.The human face is a remarkable piece of work.The astonishing variety of facial31 helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies.So is the face’s ability to send emotional32,whether through a(n)33blush or a false smile.People spend much of their waking lives,in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom,reading faces,for signs of attraction,hostility and trust.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces.In America facial recognition is used by churches to34worshippers’attendance;in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters.This year Welsh police used it to arrest a(n)35 outside a football game.In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing drivers,36 tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile.Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to37the homescreen.Set against human skills,such applications might seem gradual.Some breakthroughs,such as flight or the Internet,obviously transform human abilities;facial recognition seems merely to encode them.Although faces are38to individuals, they are also public,so technology does not,at first sight,intrude on something that is private.And yet the ability to record,39and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast40promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy,fairness and trust.III.Reading ComprehensionSection A(15分)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of“a good cup of coffee”.For Starbucks,the brand had three elements:coffee41and stores.Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans42that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality.Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and 43service.Store design,atmosphere and aroma(浓香)all44the“Starbucks Experience”.Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled.Starbucks prided itself on the―Starbucks Experience‖,45coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.46those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee.You get great people,first-rate music,a comfortable and upbeat meeting place,and47advice on brewing excellent coffee at home.At home you’re part of a family.At work you’re part of a company.And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself.That’s what a Starbucks store has been48to creating for its customers—a kind of―third place‖where they can49,reflect,read,chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea.It was designed by Terry Heckler,who got the50from the wooden statue of the sea.Mermaid logo also51original and modern meanings:her face is very simple,but with modern abstract forms of packaging;the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of52:the visual warmth,hearing the way,smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think,through the huge glass windows,watching the crowded streets,53 sipping a coffee flavor,which is in line with the―Yapi‖,the feeling of experience in the54life.But the55of Starbuc ks is not about the coffee,although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier.Coffee consumption,to a great extent,is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.41.A.people B.managers C.customers D.clients42.A.assured B.promised C.ensured D.predicted43.A.emergency B.environment C.employment D.customer44.A.consisted of B.benefited from C.contributed to D.headed for45.A.going beyond ing across C.making up D.depending on46.A.With regard to B.In addition to pared with D.In terms of47.A.general B.reasonable C.legal D.fascinatingmitted B.alerted C.subjected D.required49.A.negotiate B.perform C.conceal D.escape50.A.imagination B.inspiration C.patent D.philosophy51.A.creates B.cultivates C.credits D.conveys52.A.brand B.logo C.possession D.experience53.A.greedily B.gently C.persistently D.indifferently54.A.busy B.easy C.miserable D.energetic55.A.product B.vision C.essence D.importanceSection B(22分)Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Men are as likely as women to suffer from postnatal(产后的)depression,a study shows.One in ten fathers—the same ratios as mothers—are found to suffer before or after birth.By the time their child reaches12weeks,as many as one in four are feeling down.The symptoms observed in the American study are not thought to be hormonal—as they are in women—and are instead probably a response to the pressures of fatherhood. These include the expense of having children,changed relationship with partners and fear of paternal(父亲的)responsibility.In the early weeks,the lack of sleep and extra domestic chores also take the toll.The study put the overall rate of depression among new fathers at10.4percent—double the estimated4.8percent for all men in any12-month period.Around8percent were affected in the12weeks before and after birth,according to the Eastern Virginia Medical School Research.The study found parents were more likely to be down if their partner was too.It is estimated that around one in ten women suffers postnatal depression,even if they have never had mental health problems.Without treatment the condition can last for months.Although most women have a few days of―Baby Blues‖shortly after birth, postnatal depression can kick in up to six months later.Experts say that paternal depression is serious because it can have―substantial emotional,behavioural and developmental‖effects on children.56.The―Baby Blues‖effect among fathers may be caused by the following except __________.A.domestic choresB.fatherhood pressureC.paternal responsibilityD.hormone imbalance57.What does the underlined phrase“take the toll”in paragraph2mean?A.Cost a lot of money.B.Take the lead.C.Have a bad effect.D.Have no links.58.Which could be the best title for the passage?A.Therapy for DepressionB.Father Getting Baby BluesC.Effects of Father BluesD.Postnatal Recovery59.Which way is most suitable for Mary,who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore?A.Night Safari.B.DUCK.C.City Sightseeing.D.Flyer.60.If David and his9-year-old son are both animal lovers,they had better dial___________formore information before their tour.A.6338-6877B.6338-6859C.6338-3311D.6338-682661.Mr.Smith is going to take his wife,his13-year-old daughter and his1-year-old son to visitSingapore at their own leisurely pace,he should get at least___________ready.A.$89B.$99C.$91D.$10162.Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above?cation Commission.B.Health Department.C.Transportation Bureau.D.Tourism Bureau.(C)Antibiotics,vaccines,organ transplant and HIV/AIDS treatments are all medical milestones that have indisputably made life better and saved millions of lives.But all these advances and countless others were developed using animals.The latest eye shadow and other cosmetics and industrial chemicals are also developed with animal testing.The lab animal issue has received attention in China in recent years as more people are concerned about animals’rights.China has no animal welfare laws prohibiting cruelty to animals,but there are standards(1986and2006)for humane treatment of lab animals, though these are difficult to enforce.World Day for Laboratory Animals was established in1979by the British National Anti-Vivisection Society,memorializing millions of animals that contributed to pure science,medicine,industry,fashion and the cosmetics industry.It’s also a day of action to protest the use of live animals for experiments from lab rats and dogs to cattle and primates(灵长类动物).Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals,though there are few effective alternatives.The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that100million vertebrates(脊椎动物)are used in experiments every year,10to11million in the European Union.This doesn’t include mice,rats,frogs and animals not yet weaned.There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research.Some date indicate around16million vertebrates were used in2006.Three Rs principle Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals,though there are few effective alternatives.The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that100million vertebrates(脊椎动物)are used in experiments every year,10to11million in the European Union.This doesn’t include mice,rats,frogs and animals not yet weaned.There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research.Some date indicate around16million vertebrates were used in2006.Three Rs principleThe three Rs are principles for lab animal welfare proposed by microbiologist RL Burch and zo ologist W.M.S.Russel in1959.They are―reduction,refinement and replacement‖and scientists are encouraged to follow them.*Reduce the number of animals by improving experimental techniques and increasing information sharing among researchers.*Refine experiments and treatment to reduce suffering;use less invasive techniques, improve care and living conditions.*Replace experiments on live animals with alternative testing where possible.―But the three Rs suggests general acquiescence(默许)in animal experimentation,‖says astatement by Animal Rights in Chine(ARC),set up in2006by over3000campaigners who have been urging the use of alternatives.The alternatives activists advocate include using cell cultures instead of whole animals,using phototoxicity tests on chemicals to predict their effects on humans,using computer models,studying human volunteers and working on isolated tissues.These approaches can be useful but they can’t provide the answers that animal research can.―Animal experiment ation is a basic,very important method in life science study and biomedical research and in some specific fields,so it is irreplaceable,‖says Yang Fei, deputy director of the Animal Experimentation Department of Fudan University.Yang has worked on regulating and standardizing animal testing for over15years.He says testing on primates is still necessary because their immune system is very similar to that of humans.They are needed to develop drugs for malaria,HIV/AIDS and infections such as SARS,he says,though admitting the approach is not perfect.63.According to the passage,___________may not be related to animal testing.A.Cough mixturesB.Genetically modified riceC.Dior LipsticksD.Artificial livers64.World Day for Laboratory animals was set up for the following reasons except ___________.A.to call for better experimental techniques to reduce sufferingsB.to memorialize the animals sacrificed in the labsC.to raise awareness of animal rightD.to offer the activists a chance to raise their objections to the use of animals’forexperiments65.Why W.M.S Russel advocated researchers to share more information?A.Because researchers can better cooperate with each other to eliminate animal testing.B.Because researchers can turn to alternatives to replace animal testing.C.Because researchers can avoid repeating similar testing on animals.D.Because researchers can make the animal testing more effective.66.___________is the biggest obstacle to cancelling animal testing.ck of enough fundck of human awarenessck of supportive statisticsck of effective alternativesSection C(8分)Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Overnight,eating fried chicken in the People’s Square is OUT;instead,people started to drink HEEKCAA and eat Bao Master.This year,the qu eues in front of the doors of―Wanghong delicacies‖were so dense that a cup of tea has been hyped to over80 Yuan by scalpers(黄牛)and local bloggers even customized a one-day tour to eat in Shanghai.To a great extent,W anghong phenomenon depends on merchants’business strategy.______67______.Business also works on publicity.Before HEEKCAA’s arrival in Shanghai,it has advertised through microblog,local life service and other self-media, which has generated a certain amount of heat among the public.Once people make the purchase,the―sense of accomplishment‖will urge some of them to show off at their Wechat moments,which is good for brand image.Also,when a product is quickly recognized by consumers,capitals will come in great numbers.The boost of capitals undoubtedly helps the subsequent publicity of the brand.______68______.In the Internet era,the spread of information is so fast that it doesn’t matter whether the tea tastes good or bad;it’s just a matter of whether you ever drink it.There is a word for this behavior—―fomo‖,which means fear of missing out. Oxford University professor said this is not new.As social animals,humans have a strong desire to be part of a group,to be accepted,recognized,valued and remembered.A little baby cries for a hug and a child makes small trouble to get noticed.These behaviors are, in the eyes of sociologists,anxious for existence.It’s just that social media today that make it easier for people to perceive other pe ople’s lives,and have a sense of loss not to join them when they know what others are doing.10-20Yuan is the exchange value of milk tea,but it’s the symbol va lue of the goods that encourages people to―pull the grass‖.Just like the lipstick,mailbox a nd graffiti wall that have been on the list of Wanghong,people want to use relatively controllable spending to gain satisfaction from a moments’thumb up.______69______.With the development of society,consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life,so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable.However,―Wanghong economy‖is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection.Consumers who co me by―physical attractiveness‖will quickly vanis h if there is no implicit value or connotation to support.______70______. Besides,consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.With the development of society,consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life,so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable. However,―Wanghong economy‖is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection.Consumers who co me by―physical attractiveness‖will quickly vanis h if there is no implicit value or connotation to support.______70______.Besides, consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.IV.Summary Writing(10分)Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty,poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins,do you hurry on,not knowing what to do,or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money?What should our attitude to beggars be?There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories.It must be terrible to have noidea where our next meal is going to come from.It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.Certainly,most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves.But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days,when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help,is no longer the best idea.Quite a few people will not give to beggars.Let us look at their arguments.First,some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging.Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil.Secondly,there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer,wine or drugs.Thirdly,there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging.One might be poor,but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people.Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion;there are various cases and we must deal with them differently.A few coins can save a life in some situations,and even if the money is wasted,that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.V.Translation(15分)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.我们在国外旅游时,应当遵循当地的风俗。
上海高考英语作文专练-2018年高三一模作文汇编-松江区、长宁、宝山区
目前，根据规定，上海高中生必须在三年内完成一项课题研究（Project Research）才能拿到高中毕业文凭。
对此，大家意见不一。
请谈谈你对此规定的看法，并陈述你理由。
作文范文1：According to the newly released regulations,only when shanghai senior high students finish a project research in three years can they receive the great education diploma.Many parents may hold the view that it's a waste of time doing so,thus having an adverse effect on students academic performances.However from my perspective,the benefits outweigh the drawbacks in terms of all-round development.My reasons are as follows.First and foremost, students tend to learn knowledge and skills from the text books so that they have no idea how to apply what they've learned to practice.Fortunately,the new reform offers them a platform where they can combine theory with practice,which is a good way to enhance their mental and physical development.Secondly,what students can acquire from the research is more than specific knowledge in one certain field.Only in this way can they get to know the significance of team spirits and something new about this amazing world.In conclusion,I strongly approve of this regulation in that students can have access to what they desire to learn and improve their all-round development to a large degree.近年来，人工智能（Artificial Intelligence)发展迅速，人们日益关注AI对人类未来的影响。
松江区高三英语一模卷答案
听力材料和参考答案I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: Oh, No, it’s still out of order!M: I’m afraid we will have to walk up all those stairs again today.Q: What are these two people talking about?2. W: Mr. Smith, this is your schedule for tomorrow. You’ll be leaving Shanghai at five.M: All right. Have you reserved a room for our customer yet?Q: What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?3. M: What’s your hobby? Stamp collecting, reading or something else?W: No, nothing special. I often take pictures during holidays, but I’m afraid I’m a bad photographer.Q: What is the woman’s hobby?4. M: I’m not quite sure how to put this. But about that calculator you let me use, I dropped it. And now the “ON” button doesn’t light up.W: Oh! That’s OK. It hasn’t been working right for some time.Q: What is the man’s problem?5. W: It’s a pity that the football match had already begun when I got home.M: When did you get home?W: It was a quarter to eight, and it had started an hour earlier.Q: When did the football match start?6. W: Let’s see if you can find books by the authors your grandpa liked as a teenager.M: Haha. But first of all, I want to google the books to see if I like the story lines.Q: What is the man going to do?7 W: Let’s take out the extra desks. There are only eight judges for our contest.M: I think we’d better leave some for the students who are taking part in the contest.Q: What are the speakers doing?8. M: Wow, I really envy you, Shelly.W: Well, it’s for business. In fact, I’m sick and tired of restaurant food. Sometimes I just wanta home-made meal.Q: What can we learn about Shelly?9. W: Did you attend Amy’s presentation last night? It was the first time for her to give a speech to a large audience.M: How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!Q: What do we learn from the conversation?10. W: Hi, Harry. You’ve travelled a lot recently. When did you come back to China?M: I just came back from France this morning. I stayed there for half a month. But before that I travelled in Italy for ten days, and I am flying to Japan in two days.Q: Where is the man now?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversationwill be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Mr. Jackson had to travel somewhere on business and as he was in a hurry, he decided to go by air. He liked to sit beside a window when he was flying. So, when he got into the plane, he looked for a window seat. He found all of them had already been taken except one. There was a soldier sitting in the seat beside this one and Mr. Jackson was happy that he had not taken the one by the window; but, anyhow, he at once went towards it.When he reached it, however, he saw there was a notice on it. It was written in ink and said “This seat is reserved for proper load balance. Thank you.” Mr. Jackson had never seen such a notice in a plane before, but he thought that the plane must be carrying something heavy in its baggage room which made it necessary to have the passengers properly balanced, so he walked on and found another empty seat, not beside a window, to sit in.Then, when the plane was quite full, a very beautiful girl stepped into the plane. The soldier quickly took the notice off the seat beside him and in this way succeeded in having the girl beside him during the whole trip.(Now listen again, please)Questions:11. What was Mr. Jackson happy to find when he got on the plane?12. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?13. What did Mr. Jackson find out in the end?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.China has introduced various emergency responses and long-term measures against air pollution in the central and eastern regions.According to the report, the air quality index reading for Xi’an, capital of Shanxi Province, reached 500 last Wednesday afternoon. That was at the top of the air quality index, or AQI scale and indicating severe pollution.Smog still covered the city and the AQI at Thursday noon was 417, making Xi’an the second most polluted city in the region after Xingtai in Hebei Province at 491.A city government emergency response plan was carried out, delaying all construction and taking at least 50 percent of government vehicles off the road. Power plants must limit their output and reduce emissions.In December, nearly half the country, including Beijing and more than 100 cities in 20 provinces, suffered from smog. Many have taken action, including experimenting with artificial methods to reduce smog, limiting vehicle use and charging a fine for pollution. (Now listen again, please)Questions:14. What do we learn about the air quality last Thursday from the news report?15. How many cities suffered from smog in China?16. Which of the following is not the measure taken against the air pollution?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Hello, and welcome to our program, “Working Abroad”. Our guest this evening is a Londoner, who lives and works in Italy. Her name’s Susan Hill. Susan, welcome to the program. You live in Florence. How long have you been living there?W: S ince 1982. But when I went there in 1982, I planned to stay for only 6 months.M: Why did you change your mind?W: W ell, I’m a designer. I design leather goods, mainly shoes and handbags. Soon after I arrived in Florence, I got a job with one of Italy’s top fashion houses, Ferregamo. So, I decided to stay.M: How lucky! Do you still work for Ferregamo?W: N o, I’ve been a freelance designer for quite a long time now, since 1988, in fact.M: So does that mean you design for several different companies now?W: Y es, that’s right. I’ve designed many fashion items for a number of Italian companies, and in the last four years, I’ve also been designing for the British company, Burberry. M: What have you been designing for them?W: M ostly handbags and small leather goods.M: How’s the fashion industry in Italy changed since 1982?W: O h, it’s become a lot more competitive because the quality of products from other countries has improved a lot. But Italian quality and design is still world-famous.M: And do you ever think of returning to live in England?W: N o, not really. Working in Italy is more interesting. I also love the Mediterranean sun and the Italian life style.M: Well, thank you for talking to us, Susan.W: I t was a pleasure.(Now listen again, please)Questions:17. Where does this talk most probably take place?18. What was the woman’s original plan when she went to Florence?19. What has the woman been doing for a living since 1988?20. What do we learn about the change in Italy’s fashion industry?参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1------10 DBDBA DCCAB11----13 CBA 14----16 CAC 17----20 ABABII．Grammar and Vocabulary21. with 22. could 23. written 24. until 25. reaching26. the most fantastic 27. who 28. his 29. As long as/So long as 30. to do31----40 GFIDC ABKEJIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A 41----45 DBADA 46----50 CCCBD 51----55 BCBCD Section B(A) 56----59 CACD (B) 60----62 CBD (C) 63----66 ACBD Section C(D) 67----70 BDFEIV. Summary WritingThe story is about a boy maturing overnight. A drug store owner found something stolen by Alfred and called his mother. Surprisingly, the mother took this calmly and the boss decided to let this go. At home, he was about to show his pride in the mother’s calmness when he saw a deeply-worried mother, which greatly shocked him. (58 words) V. Translation72. This/It is the first time that he has commented on / has made comments on my clothes seriously.73. Living in school on campus enables students to devote more time and energy to theiracademic work.74. What concerns me most is that the kid seems to be blind to / to turn a blind eye toeverything around him but online games.75. It was because she failed to resist the temptation of money and fame that the famousactress broke the laws and in the end had to pay a high price for it.VI. Guided Writing。
凯文老师,凯文老师,2018年12月上海松江区高三英语一模答案
2018年12月上海市松江区高中高三英语一模答案1------10 DBDBA DCCAB11----13 CBA 14----16 CAC 17----20 ABAB21. with 22. could 23. written 24. until 25.reaching26. the most fantastic 27. who 28. his 29. As long as/So long as 30. to do31----40 GFIDC ABKEJ32-41----45 DBADA 46----50 CCCBD 51----55 BCBCD(A)56----59 CACD (B) 60----62 CBD (C) 63----66 ACBD33-D) 67----70 BDFEIV. Summary WritingThe story is about a boy maturing overnight. A drug store owner found something stolen by Alfred and called his mother. Surprisingly, the mother took this calmly and the boss decided to let this go. At home, he was about to show his pride in the mother’s calmness when he saw a deeply-worried mother, which greatly shocked him. (58 words)V.Translation72. This/It is the first time that he has commented on / has made comments on my clothes seriously.73. Living in school on campus enables students to devote more time and energy to their academic work.74. What concerns me most is that the kid seems to be blind to / to turn a blind eye to everything around him but online games.75. It was because she failed to resist the temptation of money and fame that the famous actress broke the laws and in the end had to pay a high price for it.。