市场经济热词-S
经济类英语专业词汇
常用经济类词汇：economist 经济学家socialist economy 社会主义经济capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 自由经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分,私营部门public sector 公共部门,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定concentration 集中holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准,生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 预备金,储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金,周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支,预备金reserve fund 预备金buffer fund 缓冲基金,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资,资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费,经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户美作:checking accountcurrent-account holder 支票帐户美作:checking-account holdercheque 支票美作:checkbearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿,支票本美作:checkbookendorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no credit given 现金交易,概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票,纸币美作:billto pay in cash 付现金domestic currency, local currency 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币exchange rate 汇率,兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人,股东dividend 股息,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票par value 股面价格, 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear 卖手, 空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人,借方borrower 借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金,津贴cost 成本,费用expenditure, outgoings 开支,支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,治理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用transport costs 运输费用social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用income 收入,收益earnings 利润,收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国民收入profitability, profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值,升值duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 征税,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer 纳税人tax collector 收税员国民生产总值GNP Gross National Product 人均国民生产总值per capita GNP产值output value鼓励give incentive to投入input宏观控制exercise macro-control优化经济结构optimize the economic structure输入活力bring vigor into改善经济环境improve economic environment整顿经济秩序rectify economic order有效地控制通货膨胀effectively control inflation非公有成分non-public sectors主要成分dominant sector实在的tangible全体会议plenary session解放生产力liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces 引入歧途lead one to a blind alley举措move实事求是seek truth from facts引进、输入importation和平演变peaceful evolution试一下have a go at sth.精华、精粹、实质quintessence家庭联产责任承包制family-contract responsibility system 搞活企业invigorate enterprises商品经济commodity economy基石cornerstone零售retail发电量electric energy production有色金属nonferrous metals人均收入per capita income使负担be saddled with营业发达的公司going concerns被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business善于接受的receptive增额、增值、增长increment发展过快excessive growth抽样调查data from the sample survey扣除物价上涨部分price increase are deductedexcluded 实际增长率actual growth rate国际收支international balance of payments流通制度circulation system总工资total wages分配形式forms of distribution风险资金risk funds治理不善poor management农业farming林业forestry畜牧业animal husbandry副业sideline production渔业fishing第一产业primary industry第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry生产资料means of production生活资料means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系relations of production生产力productive forces公有制public ownership私有制private ownership全民所有制ownership by the entire/whole people社会主义集体所有制socialist collective ownership厉行节约,反对浪费to practice strict economy and combat waste 外资企业foreign-funded enterprise合资企业joint venture合作企业cooperative enterprise独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的;Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制;to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.work/needs.经济结构改革;reform in economic structure剩余劳动力;surplus labor经营机制operative mechanism发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market经济和法律的杠杆economic and legal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合to combine economic planning with market regulation计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation中国国际贸易促进委员会National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团Group of Ten 十国集团Committee of TwentyParis Club 二十国委员会Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CARIFTA加勒比共同市场加勒比自由贸易同盟Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲自由贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体英语教学常用的句子：1. 上课Beginning a class1 Let’s start now. / Let’s begin our class / lesson .2 Stand up, please.3 Sit down, please.2. 问候Greeting4 Hello, boys and girls / children .5 Good morning, class / everyone / everybody / children / boys and girls.6 Good afternoon, class / everyone / everybody / children / boys and girls.7 How are you today3. 考勤Checking attendance8 Who’s on duty today / Who’s helping this morning / today9 Is everyone / everybody here / present10 Is anyone away / Is anybody away11 Is anyone absent / Is anybody absent12 Who’s absent / Who’s away13 Where is he / she14 Try to be on t ime. / Don’t be late next time.15 Go back to your seat, please.16 What day is it today17 What’s the date today18 What’s the weather like today19 What’s it like outside4. 宣布Announcing20 Let’s start working. / Let’s begin / start a new lesson.Le t’s begin / start our lesson.21 First, let’s review / do some review.22 What did we learn in the last lesson23 Who can tell / remember what we did in the last lesson / yesterday24 Now we’re going to do something new / different.Now let’s learn so mething new.25 We have some new words / sentences.5. 提起注意Directing attention26 Ready / Are you ready27 Did you get there / Do you understand28 Is that clear29 Any volunteers30 Do you know what to do31 Be quiet, please. / Quiet, please.32 Listen, please.33 Listen carefully, please.34 Listen to the tape recorder / the recording.35 Look carefully, please.36 Look over here.37 Watch carefully.38 Are you watching39 Please look at the blackboard / picture / map …40 Pay attention to your spelling / pronunciation.。
经济领域热词介绍
VC 风险投资
❤风险投资（venture capital） 风险投资（ ） 广义的风险投资泛指一切具有高风险、 广义的风险投资泛指一切具有高风险、高潜在收益的投资 的风险投资泛指一切具有高风险 狭义的风险投资是指以高新技术为基础 的风险投资是指以高新技术为基础， 狭义的风险投资是指以高新技术为基础，生产与经营技术 密集型产品的投资。 密集型产品的投资。 根据美国全美风险投资协会的定义，风险投资是由职业金 根据美国全美风险投资协会的定义， 融家投入到新兴的、迅速发展的、 融家投入到新兴的、迅速发展的、具有巨大竞争潜力的企 业中一种权益资本。 业中一种权益资本。
❤国民经济‘三驾马车’ 国民经济‘三驾马车’ 从支出角度看， 是最终需求─投资 从支出角度看，GDP是最终需求 投资、消费、净出口这 是最终需求 投资、消费、 三种需求之和，因此经济学上常把投资(investment)、消 三种需求之和，因此经济学上常把投资 、 比喻为拉动GDP增长的 费(consumption)、出口 、出口(export)比喻为拉动 比喻为拉动 增长的 三驾马车” 这是对经济增长原理最生动形象的表述。 “三驾马车”，这是对经济增长原理最生动形象的表述。 投资是指财政支出， ❤投资是指财政支出，即政府通过一系列的财政预算包括 发行国债，对教育，科技，国防，卫生等事业的支出， 发行国债，对教育，科技，国防，卫生等事业的支出，是 辅助性的扩大内需； 辅助性的扩大内需； 内需是指内部需求，即就是本国居民的消费需求， ❤内需是指内部需求，即就是本国居民的消费需求，它是 经济的主要动力； 经济的主要动力； 出口是指外部需求， ❤出口是指外部需求，即是通过本国企业的产品打入国际 市场，参与国际竞争，扩大自己的产品销路。 市场，参与国际竞争，扩大自己的产品销路。
事业单位考点-经济热词(二)
经济热词1、经济增长方式(1)粗放型经济增长方式粗放型经济增长方式是指主要依靠増加生产要素的投入，即加投资、扩大厂房、增加劳动投入，来增加产量，这种经济增长方式又称外延型增长方式。
其基本特征是依靠增加生产要素量的投入来大生产规模，实现经济増长。
(2)集约型经济增长方式集约型经济增长方式是指在生产规模不变的基础上，采用新技术、新工艺，改进机器设备、加大科技含量的方式来増加产量，这种经济增长方式又称内涵型增长方式其基本特征是依靠提高生产要素的质量和利用效率，来实现经济增长。
2、经济周期经济周期也称商业周期、商业循环、景气循环，它是指经济运行中周期性出现的经济扩张与经济交替更迭、循环往复的一种现象，是国民总产出、总收入和总就业的波动。
一般将经济周期分为四阶段:繁荣、衰退、萧条、复苏。
3、通货膨胀的经济效应(1)通货膨胀的再分配效应其一，通货膨胀不利于靠固定的货币收入维持生活的人。
相反，那些靠变动收入维持生活的人则会从通货膨胀中得益。
其二，通货影胀不利于债权人，有利于债务人。
(2)通货膨胀的产出效应其一，随着通货膨胀的出现，产出增加。
这就是需求拉动的通货膨胀的刺激促进了产出水平的提高。
其二，成本推动通货影胀引致失业。
当成本推动的压力抬高物价水平时，既定的总需求只能在市场上支持一个较小的实际产出。
所以，实际产出会下降，失业会上升。
4、自然失业率自然失业率是指在没有货币因素干扰的情況下，让劳动市场和商品市场自发供求力量发生作用时，总需求和总供给处于均衡状态的失业率。
5、企业家能力企业家能力是指企业家解决各种题的本领是企业家素质的外在表现。
包括:经营管理能力、決策能力、创新能力、识人用人能力、应変能力、社交能力、表达能力等。
企业家能力是企业家在企业经营管理活动中表现出来的稳定的心理特征，是胜任领导企业的主观务件企业家的能力水平是企业家的核心素质，所以企业家能力是企业成长的关键。
6、财政预算财政预算是由政府编制，经立法机关审批、反映政府一个财政年度内的收支状况的计划。
新闻中常见的经济类英语词汇
新闻中常见的经济类英语词汇下面是店铺整理的一些新闻中常见的经济类英语词汇，欢迎大家阅读!1 信贷紧缩 credit crunch 次贷危机 subprime mortgage rate 最优惠贷款利率 prime rate2 翻盖手机flip/clamshell 滑盖手机 slide phone 直板手机 bar phone3 经济适用房 economically affordable house4 安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents5住房保障制度 housing security system6 出租车起步价 flag down fare7 法定准备金率 required reserve ratio8 实体经济 real economy 虚拟经济 fictitious economy9 反盗版 anti-piracy 知识产权 intellectual property rights10出口退税 tax rebates 人民币升值the yuan’s appreciation11. 大宗交易系统block trading system 竞价交易系统bid trading system12. 暴利税 windfall tax13. 整容手术 cosmetic surgery (face –lifting)14. 双眼皮手术 double eyelid operation 鼻子手术 nose job15. 从紧的货币政策 tight monetary policy16. 宽松的货币政策 easy monetary policy17. 审慎的财政政策 prudent fiscal policy18. 油价飙升 oil prices surge19. 原油价飙升 crude oil prices surge20. 石油输出国组织 organization of the petroleum exporting countries(OPEC)21. 原油储备 crude oil stockpiles22. 轻质原油 light sweet crude23. 使人均GDP翻两番 to quadruple per capita GDP24. 股权收购、股权投资 stake purchase ; take stakes25. 世界巡演 worldwide tour 复出巡演 comeback tour26. 个体工商户 self—employed people27. 房屋中介 letting agent 保险经纪人 insurance agent 地产经纪人 estate agent28. 直销 direct selling 传销 pyramid selling29. 漫游费 roaming fee 单向收费 one -way charge 来电免费业务 free incoming calls30. 吃回扣 to take/receive/get kickback31. 洗钱 money laundering32. 透支 overdraft33. 股市牛年 bullish year34. 上市子公司 listed subsidiary35. 海关税收 customs revenue36. 税收减免 tax break37. 二流货的 cut—rate38. 高端产品 high end product39. 货币升值 revaluation40. 跳槽 job—popping41. 大片 blockbuster42. 货币经纪人 money broker43. 起征点 cutoff point44. 暴发户;新贵 upstart45. 养老保险 endowment insurance46. 解雇金 severance pay47. 勾销债款 write off48. 高峰期 peak season49. 职员总数 headcount50. 买入股票 buy into。
ChinaDaily经济热词
传销pyramid scheme信用评级下调credit downgrade实得工资take-home income虚拟超市virtual supermarket高档车premium car欺骗消费者play foul with buyers大众旅游mass tourism灰市gray market预付费卡prepaid cards恩格尔系数Engle coefficient次级债务subordinate debt饥饿营销hunger marketing恶意营销smear campaign亚洲“单一货币”single currency滞销蔬菜unsalable vegetables黄金投资者gold bugmembership fee（会员费）windfall（意外横财）Credit rating（信用评级）debtor（债务人）NASDAQ（纳斯达克）、DOW（道琼斯综合指数）Standard and Poor’s Composite Index（标准普尔综合指数）nose-dive（暴跌）信用评级integrity rating 信用扩张credit expansionhi-tech marketing strategy（高科技营销策略）网络虚拟财产online virtualassetsreal economy（实体经济）fictitious economy（虚拟经济）real bargain（便宜货）virtual money虚拟钱币ceiling price表示“最高价”a farm production ceiling意思是“农业生产的最高产量”default（违约）cut deficit/deficit reduction（削减赤字）spending cuts（削减开支）debt crisis（债务危机）package agreement cap on liability（一揽子协议赔偿金上限）divorce calculator离婚计算器”online gadget（网络小工具）civil partnerships（民事伴侣关系late-life divorce（熟年离婚）prenuptial agreement（婚前协议）division of property（财产分割）custody and visitation of children（子女监护与探视）spousal support（配偶赡养费）child support（子女抚养费）divorce settlement（离婚协议书）insurance premium(人寿保险费)cargo premium（货物保险费）at a premium是非常珍贵的mass market cars大众市场的车型了license-plate lottery（车牌摇号）car rental（汽车租赁）green car（新能源汽车）零排放车辆zero-emission vehicle跨界车crossover vehicle非公路用车off-highway vehicleby fair means or foul（不择手段，千方百计）price cheating就是“价格欺诈pricing inconsistency（价格不一致）misleading price tags（误导性的价签）curb inflation（抑制通货膨胀）academic cheating（学术造假）价格违法行为price violation价格垄断price-fixingfake resume（虚假简历）relaxed inner controls（内部管理松散）academic rank（职称）hidden rule（潜规则）package tour/group tour/organized tour（跟团旅游）individual tourist/ free walker（自由行游客）文化旅游业cultural tourism“自驾游”（self-driving travel/tour）self-organized expedition就是“自助游”分时度假timeshareecotourism生态旅游rural tourism “乡村旅游”eco-farming（生态农业）parallel import水货小众市场niche markettake-home income即“实得工资gross income（全额工资）financial crisis（经济危机）shrink（缩水）price hikes（物价上涨）housing spending（家庭支出）living standard（生活标准）economic stagnation（经济疲软vicious cycle（恶性循环）inflationary pressure（通胀压力）financial crisis（经济危机）绩效工资merit pay工资协商制度negotiation system on wages state-owned monopolies（国有垄断企业）cap and trade（限额交易、总量管制和交易Pegged Exchange Rate（盯住汇率制）公积金上限threshold of housing fund prepaid deposit（预付定金）money laundering（洗钱）tax evasion（偷税漏税）bribery（行贿受贿）issuers of prepaid cards（购物卡发行方）anonymous cards（不记名购物卡card scalpers（卡贩子、购物卡黄牛）灰色收入off-the-books income地下钱庄illegal bankfinancial fraud（金融诈骗）Minimum living allowances（最低生活保障）“subsistence allowance”也指“最低生活保障”low-income groups（低收入群体）basic subsistence costs（基本生活费用支出）expenditure-income ratio（消费支出比例）gap in work wages（工资收入差距）income divide/ income disparity 收入差距consumer price index（CPI，消费物价指数）cut back on meals and clothes（节衣缩食）housing loan repayments（房贷）housing space per capita（人均居住面积）收入分配income distributionwage arrears（拖欠工资）two-fold increase in pay指的就是工资“翻番”纳税等级tax brackets晒工资wages online exposurefunded debt（长期债券、固定债务）还未偿还债务outstanding debt未到期的债务unmatured debtloan defaulter 拖欠贷款者Mortgage抵押贷款lending quota就是指“贷款额度”credit expansion（信贷扩张）deposit-reserve ratio（存款准备金率）export quota（出口配额）购买力平价purchasing power parity通胀恐慌inflation fearsuppress rising commodity prices就是“抑制物价上涨”的意思tame/arrest rising pricesboosting food supplies and other necessities增加食品和其它必需品的供应increasing subsidies for low-income families提高对低收入家庭的补贴taking more targeted policies to maintainmarket order出台更多有针对性的政策维护市场秩序）现金补贴cash subsidy信贷紧缩credit squeeze有抵押债务secured debt外债余额outstanding external debt暂停偿债debt standstillnonperforming loans不良贷款overdue loans（逾期贷款）mortgage loans（按揭贷款）added value（附加值）commercial exploitation（商业炒作）商业间谍活动industrial espionagefloating exchange rates（浮动汇率制）emerging economies（新兴经济体）industrialized nations （工业化国家）exchange rate fluctuations（汇率波动）bilateral trade（双边贸易总额）reserve currency（储备货币）foreign exchange reserve（外汇储备）Subprime Crisis（次贷危机）dollar assets（美元资产）monetary policy（货币政策）稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy货币操纵国currency manipulatordollar trap就是指“美元陷阱”measure of money supply 货币供应量primary sector（第一产业）industrial sector（第二产业）tertiary /service sector（第三产业）proactive fiscal policy（积极的财政政策）moderately loose monetary policy 适度宽松的货币政策stimulus package 经济刺激政策evitalization scheme for 10 major industries 十大产业振兴规划risk control 风险控制macro-regulation 宏观调控人民币“跨境结算”cross-border settlement 加大货币发行量quantitative easingfixed-asset investment 固定资产投资unsalable products 积压产品Unmarketable、poorselling等词也可以用来表示“滞销”each link in distribution 每个流通环节buying spree 收购潮heavy loss 巨大损失oversupply of vegetables 蔬菜供应量加大战略性支柱产业strategic pillar industrypillar industry（支柱产业）eading industry 主导产业basic industry 基础产业产业结构调整industrial restructuring产业生态系统industry eco-systememerging market 新兴市场emerging technology 新兴技术Emerging industry 新兴工业renminbi clearing bank 人民币清算行Clearing bank 清算银行offshore yuan center 人民币离岸中心QFII全称为Qualified Foreign InstitutionalInvestors是“合格的境外机构投资者”的简称QE 全称为Quantitative Easing是“量化宽松货币政策”的简称反补贴税countervailing dutiesone-off consumption就是指“一次性消费”one-off payment 一次性付款purchasing on a sudden impulse 冲动购买/即兴购买industry insider 业内人士luxury goods buyers 奢侈品买家potential consumers 潜在消费者恐慌购买panic buying强迫购物forced shopping消费热潮spending spreegold bug黄金投资者金本位”就是gold standardstrong momentum 强劲势头middle income trap就是指“中等收入陷阱”wide income inequality 收入差距增大high environmental costs 较高的环境代价inadequate domestic spending 国内消费不足sustainable pattern 可持续发展模式dollar dominance 美元的主导地位micro-credit company就是“小额贷款公司”private capital 民间资本financial market 金融市场credit market 信贷市场red chip就是“红筹股”junk bond 垃圾股bank run就是“银行挤兑”liquidity crunch资金紧缩demand for withdrawals取款需求credit order 信用秩序bank panic 银行恐慌systemic banking crisis 系统性银行危机从而引起economic recession 经济衰退migrant buyers就是指“外地购房者Property-purchasing limitations就是“限购”second- and third-tier cities 二、三线城市first-tier cities 一线城市blueprint homes或blueprint housing就是“图纸房”simple blueprints of the project 简单的户型图capital in the presale 预售款forward-delivery housing 期房advance fees 预付款direct-sale store就是指“直营店factory shop 厂家直销店chain store 连锁店flagship store 旗舰店franchised store 特许经营店pro shop 专业店exclusive shop 专卖店outlet store 工厂店outstanding external debt未偿付外债，即“外债余额external debt即“外债”short term external debt 短期外债trade credit 贸易信贷trade finance 贸易融资dark pool就是“暗池交易”angel investment 天使投资alternative trading systems 替代交易系统institutional investor 机构投资者off-market liquidity 场外资金consolidated tape 证券买卖汇总记录带over-the-counter transactions 场外交易fall on debut新股破发initial offer price 发行价IPO（Initial Public Offering，首次公开募股)would-be buyers/drivers 潜在购车者self-owned brand 自主品牌intellectual property 知识产权brand awareness 品牌意识brand effect 品牌效应brand familiarity 品牌知名度product placement 植入式广告price-rigging 操纵价格monopoly profit 垄断利润anti-competition behavior 反竞争行为speculation and hoarding 囤积居奇price collusion合谋定价digital film 数字电影circular-screen movie 环幕电影idle land闲置土地idle money 闲散资金，游资vacant property 闲置地产land hoarding 囤地institutional financing 机构融资microcredit programs 小额信贷项目recoverable garbage 可回收垃圾e-waste就是“电子垃圾”或“电子废弃物”brand copycats山寨trademark infringement 商标侵权行为quality goods 正品business class就是“商务舱”economy class / tourist class（经济舱first class 头等舱high-end travelers 高端乘客premium economy class 豪华经济舱tablet PC就是平板电脑touch screen 触摸屏Netbook 上网本family-run management就是指“家族式管理private enterprises 民营企业core family核心家庭retaliatory price rebound就是“报复性反弹”retaliatory duty/tariff 报复性关税low-rent housing廉租房affordable housing经济适用房social security housing社会保障房interest rate hike cycle就是指“加息周期”imported inflation输入型通胀property bubble资产泡沫speculative demands投机性需求inflation fear通胀恐慌local government-backed investment units地方融资平台inflation expectations通胀预期hard landing指“硬着陆soft landing软着陆cooling measures in the property market房地产市场降温措施higher down payment requirements for first-time buyers提高首次购房者的首付比例nationwide suspension of loan lending for third home purchases 全面叫停第三套房贷International Comparison Program 国际比较项目，简称ICPpurchasing power parity就是“购买力平价”，简写为PPP低通货膨胀low inflation急剧通货膨胀galloping inflation恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation需求拉动通胀demand-pull inflation成本推动通胀cost-push inflation固有型通货膨胀built-in inflationtrade imbalance就是“贸易失衡”trade surplus（贸易顺差）trade deficit（贸易逆差）trade balance贸易差额global economic imbalances（全球经济失衡currency policies（货币政策）trade protectionism（贸易保护主义）financial regulatory reform（金融监管改革）global settlement currency就是“国际结算货币”invoicing currency（计价货币）freely convertible currency（可自由兑换货币）hard currency（硬货币weak currency（软货币）speculative demands就是指“投机性需求”rigid demand（刚性需求）elastic demand（弹性需求）abnormal demand（反常需求、异常需求）speculation and profiteering（投机倒把）pricing regime定价机制household wealth就是指“家庭财富”household debt（家庭负债property-for-residency scheme（购房移民计划）Capital Investment Entrant Scheme（资本投资者入境计划property bubble（地产泡沫）commercial residential houses（商品房）budget homes 廉价房rent-to-buy program（先租后买项目）wage formation mechanism指的是“工资形成机制”low-end labor market即“低端劳动力市场”migrant worker（农民工）labor shortage（用工荒）time-honored brand老字号net bargainer就是指“网络议价师factory prices（出厂价）bargain basement（减价商品部）bargain hunter（减价品搜寻者，专买便宜货的人）bargain book（特价图书，廉价图书）net capital的意思是“净资本”working/circulating capital（流动资金）fixed capital（固定资本）human capital（人力资本）physical capital（物质资本）trade rows就是“贸易纠纷”anti-dumping duties（反倾销税）anti-subsidies investigation（反补贴调查）special protectionist tariffs（特保关税）export control（出口管制）super online banking system“超级网银interbank transfers（跨行转账interbank balance inquiries（跨行余额查询）home banking（家居银行）local government-backed investment units就是我们说的“地方融资平台financing vehicles（融资工具）MTN（medium term note，中期票据corporate bonds（企业债券）carbon exchange centers就是指“碳交易中心carbon emissions（碳排放energy consumption（能耗）administrative measures（行政措施market-based means（市场手段）housing vacancy rate就是指“住房空置率investors-owners（投资业主）field testing（现场测试house inspector就是“验房师”standards regulated by the government（政府制定的标准tail-raising factor就是指“翘尾因素”，也称为carryover effects（滞后影响）PMI，purchase management index（采购经理人指数）PPI，producer price index（工业品出场价格指数）luxury goods market（奢侈品市场）stress test指的是“压力测试”stress tolerance（抗压能力）group-buying就是指“团购”bulk discounts（大幅优惠ultra-discounted tickets（超低价优惠券）到discount coupon（打折券）、rebate coupon（现金券/抵金券）cents-off coupons，那就只是“象征性优惠”bogus company的意思是“皮包公司a bogus document（伪造的文件）bogus bills（假钞）assigned stores（指定商店）forced shopping（强迫购物）local interbank withdrawal(本地跨行取款)remote deposit（异地存款）withdrawal slip（取款单automated teller machine 简称ATMindividual income tax threshold（个税起征点）double dip就是指“二次探底”也称为doubledip recession（双谷衰退）weather insurance就是指“天气保险endowment insurance（养老保险）indemnificatory apartment的意思是“保障性住房price-fixed housing（限价房）public rental housing（公共租赁住房/公租房）rebuild shanty areas（对棚户区进行改造）trial sites（试点）transgression（不良记录信息）preferential interest rate（优惠利率）favorable first-home loans（首套房优惠贷款）credit registry（贷款记录）market capitalization（市值总额）urban competitiveness就是“城市竞争力”的意思economic growth rate（经济增长速度）livable city（宜居城市）muted growth（缓慢增长）模式collective contract即“集体合同labor disputes（劳资纠纷）cheap labor surplus（廉价劳动力过剩）trade sanction（贸易制裁）hi-tech export control（高科技出口管制one-off revaluation就是“一次性重估调整”service outsourcing industry就是“服务外包行业”信息技术外包服务”（Information TechnologyOutsourcing，简称ITO）业务流程外包服务”（Business ProcessOutsourcing，简称BPO）dual-currency card就是指“双币卡”third-party payment platform（第三方支付平台）POS point of sales 销售点终端机counting fee就是指“点钞费payment /clearing system（支付体系）Non-cash payment instruments（非现金支付工具debit card（借记卡）credit card（信用卡）private investment就是指“民间投资”Monopoly industry垄断行业refugee money（外逃资本）hoarding and profiteering 囤积居奇business misconduct（商业不正当行为）tiered pricing for electricity（阶梯电价）save energy and cut emissions（节能减排）high energy-consuming industry（高耗能产业）auto replacement（汽车以旧换新）energy efficient products（节能产品congestion fee就是指“交通拥堵费”单双号限行：odd-and-even license plate rule 错时上下班：staggered rush hour plan公交专用车道：bus lane快速公交专用车道: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) vehicle and vessel tax就是“车船使用税tax refund（退税，税收返还）individual income tax（个人所得税value-added tax（增值税mobile payment就是指“移动支付”illegal business dealing（非法经营）insider trading（内幕交易）corporate bribery（单位行贿）回扣（kickback）手续费（commission fee）contract violation就是指“合同违约”back pay（拖欠薪水）labor arbitration（劳动仲裁）liquidated damages（违约金）late payment（逾期付款）incomplete/unfinished building（烂尾楼）non-owner-occupier 非自住业主price difference（差价）seckilling“秒杀”central enterprise就是“中央企业”，简称“央企”merger（兼并）、consolidation（合并）和regrouping（重组）social security tax就是指“社会保障税”social security fee（社会保险费）social security fund（社保基金）windfall tax（暴利税）inheritance tax（遗产税）financial services park “金融服务区business park（工商业园区）high-tech park（高新技术园区）demonstration park（示范园区）residential land就是“居住用地”well-being issue（民生问题）houses with limited property rights（小产权房）dodgy service center冒牌服务中心guarantee period保修期正规服务中心genuine service center正式服务中心official service center授权服务中心authorized service centerrevaluation of the renminbi（对人民币汇率重新评估）rate fine-tuning（汇率微调currency appreciation（货币升值）appreciate sharply（升值过猛）huge job losses（大量就业岗位消失）second board（创业板）free sightseeing e-coupon就是指“免费景区电子门票”malfeasant/unfair competition（不正当竞争）warrantee period（保质期）business misconduct “商业不正当行为one-stop service（一站式服务）economic development model “经济发展模式industrial restructuring（产业结构调整）on-site recruiting “现场招聘”asset bubble “资产泡沫bubble economy（泡沫经济）stock market bubble（股市泡沫abor shortage “劳动力短缺labor surplus/redundance（劳动力过剩surplus rural workers（农村剩余劳动力）left-behind children 留守儿童labor intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive（知识密集型technology-intensive（技术密集型discount rate “贴现率”courier firm “快递公司”房地产市场real estate market/property market房地产市场过热overheated property sector 房价property price/housing price普通购房者private homebuyer房产中介real estate agent首付down payment分期付款payment by installment月供monthly installment payment廉租房low-rent housing经济适用房affordable housing闲置地产vacant property现房complete apartment期房forward delivery housing商品房commercial residential building政策性住房policy-related house按揭购房buy a house on mortgage二手房second-hand house物业税property tax购房契税property deed tax印花税property stamp duty囤地land reserves楼层建筑面积floor space塔楼tower building一期/二期first/second stage板楼slab-type apartment building容积率capacity rate 停车位parking space住房公积金贷款housing provident fund/housing accumulation fund房产证property ownership certificate炒房者real estate speculator观望态度wait-and-watch attitude房屋空置率housing vacancy rate增值地价added-value fees投机性房产交易speculative propertytransactions房地产泡沫property bubble商业地产commercial property住宅地产residential property售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）leaseback土地使用证land use certificate商住综合楼commercial/residential complex地段等级location classification重点开发区key zones for development旧区改造reconstruction of old area折旧费depreciation allowances维修费allowances for repairs andmaintenance抵押贷款欠额unpaid mortgage balance便利设施amenities分租合住的经济公寓tenement社区community钉子户nail household描述经济危机的词汇：经济危机economic crisis/ financial crisis/financial turmoil/financial meltdown经济不景气recession/ bleeding economy/depression/sluggish economy萧条期slump失业lose one’s job/ be unemployed/ beredundant失业加剧job losses mount/ unemploymentclimb失业人数jobless number找工作seek employment找工作者job seeker严峻的就业形势 a tough job market欠薪withhold wage减薪salary cut信心下滑confidence slump经济复苏economic recovery经济危机的影响the crisis' fallout从以下词汇中可以大致了解我国在应对经济危机过程中所做的努力：应对危机face the crisis/ meet the crisis/ fightcrisis重建信心confidence reconstruction遏制衰退containing declines减缓衰退slow down declines安居工程affordable/comfortable housingproject安置职工staffing保八eight-percent protection成本削减cost-cutting创造新的就业generate new employment刺激消费stimulate consumer spending恢复revive/ recovery/ turnaround积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy减少裁员refrain from laying off employees减员cut the salaried work force结构调整structural adjustment经济刺激方案stimulus package/ stimulus plan就业指导career guidance抗风险能力anti-risk capability扩大内需propel/ drive/ expand domestic demand基础设施建设infrastructure construction减免税收tax relief例行节约practice economy适度宽松的货币政策moderately loose monetary policy削减生产slash production消费券consumption coupon小额贷款loans of small amounts政府紧急援助government bailout政府做某事的决心government’s vow to do sth.中小型企业SMEscomplete apartment（现房）homegrown film就是“本土电影government procurement就是“政府采购”government purchasing procedure（政府采购程序）实现transparency in transactions（交易透明）authorized suppliers（得到授权的供应商）CPO（Chief-Procurement-Officer）“首席采购官，采购总监”cost-benefit analysis/cost-utility analysis（成本效益分析stock index futures就是指“股指期货”Financial futures金融期货：futures exchange外汇期货、interest rate futures利率期货initial margins初始保证、financial derivative金融衍生品risk shifting风险转移financial derivative金融衍生品future transaction期货交易outbound investment就是“境外投资”或“对外投资”foreign investment就是“外资land conveyance fees（土地出让金）land revenues（土地收益）bilateral trade就是“双边贸易multilateral trade（多边贸易）compensation trade（补偿贸易leasing trade（租赁贸易credit expansion就是“信用扩张”credit contraction（信用紧缩）malicious overdraft（恶意透支）credit investigation system（征信制度）year-end promotion“年末促销”durable goods就是“耐用品vacant property“闲置地产moveable property 动产hidden income隐性收入regular income常规收入“隐性成本”implicit cost隐性失业”是recessive unemploymentdifferential pricing “差别计价unit pricing（单位价格）overdraft limit（透支额度）debit card（借记卡）test screening就是“试映trial operation 试运行、试车trial and error（反复试验）float (send up) a trial balloon（试探舆论field trial（现场试验preferred workplace就是“理想雇主incremental cost就是指“边际成本”marginal cost genetically modified organism简称GMO，转基因生物sublet house就是指“转租房屋”migrant population（流动人口letting market（租赁市场）debt standstill“暂停偿债”rate fine-tuning “汇率微调ground-source heat “地热”circular economy 循环经济non-residential electricity “非居民用电”energy conservation awareness（节能意识）resource efficient and environment-friendly society（能源节约和环境友好型社会）pre-order就是“预购Sino-US trade tie（中美贸易关系）FDI（foreign direct investment，外国直接投资foreign-invested companies（外资公司）factory-gate price “出厂价格”purchase price（进货价格）preferential price（优惠价）market price（市场价）wireless local area network（WLAN，无线局域网）free in-flight Wi-Fi service（免费机舱无线上网）rat trading就是指“老鼠仓light rail train“轻轨列车”ordinary passenger train（普通客运列车）fast/rapid train（快速列车）、express train（特快列车）、through train（直快列车）、stoppingtrain/slow train（慢车）、nonstop express（直达特快列车）、bullet train（动车）inflation expectation就是指“通胀预期”inflation rate（通货膨胀率）investment-led growth（投资拉动型增长）domestic consumption（国内消费）buyout就是指“买断工龄”pay cuts（降薪）buy out还可以表示“全部买进，买断/收购全部或大部分股份”buy-in却也是表示“买进、大量购买”timeshare的意思是“分时使用的度假房”，或“分时度假房”timeshare broker（分时度假房产经纪）tunnel-bridge就是“隧桥”credit investigation就是“征信”credit report（信用报告）credit file（信用档案）credit agency/organization（征信机构）credit limit（信用额度）rich list就是指“富豪榜”self-made（白手起家的）personal wealth （个人财富）net assets（净资产）ranking list of universities（大学排行榜）claim the prize就是指“兑奖”essential medicine就是指“基本药物”medical reform program（医药体制改革）grassroots clinics（社区卫生站recommended retail price（建议零售价）high-margin pharmacies（高利润药品）flammable ice就是指“可燃冰alternative energy（可替代能源）renewable energy（可再生能源）land reserves土地储备、囤地；real estate developer（房地产开发商）fake mortgage loans（假按揭）resold apartment（二手房）affordable housing（经济适用房）down payment（首付）audio-visual product就是“音像制品”PE ratio就是指“市盈率”price/earnings ratioGrowth enterprises board(GEB，创业板)fund-raising of private sector（私营企业的融资）share price movements（股价波动）road show（路演，上市公司发行证券前针对投资者的推介活动）over-subscribed（订单爆满）stand-alone pavilion就是“独立展馆”exhibition hall（展览馆rich second generation nouveau riche（新兴富裕）customs checkpoint就是指“海关检查站”reciprocal tariff（互惠关税）customs union（关税同盟）regional tariff（地区性关税）retaliatory tariff（报复性关税punitive import tariff （惩罚性进口关税）law-abiding business people（守法商人）product placement“植入式广告”隐性广告（recessive advertisement）软广告（blind advertising）special protectionist tariffs“惩罚性关税”unfair competition（不公平竞争）trade war（贸易战）solo vocal concert“个人演唱会”high-speed rail就是指“高速铁路”passenger rail lines（客运专线）high-speed rail network（高速铁路专线网）ticket scalper（票贩子）黄牛freight service（货运服务）joint bid就是指“联合竞标”first-half earnings report（上半年财报）listed company（上市工司）wherewithal（必要的资金public bidding（公开招标bidding documents（投标文件）bid bond（投标押金）performance bond（履约保证金）bidding block（拍卖会场）non-compete agreement “竞业禁止协议”insider information（内部消息）confidentiality agreement（保密协议）search traffic（搜索流量local rival（本土竞争者）market share（市场份额）business zone（商业区）economic development zone（经济开发区）free zone（外贸免税区）free trade zone（自由贸易区）back-to-school shopping season “返校购物季”dead season或dull season（萧条季节，淡季）繁忙时节（rush season）转手交易wing transactionhigh-roller指“富人”budgetary funds指“预算内资金”Small coffer 小金库splurge common property（挥霍公共财物）social institutions（社会团体）state-run companies（国有企业）and state-holding companies（国有控股企业）watchdog指的就是“监察部门，监督部门”fake / counterfeit goods（假货）consumer watchdog（消费维权机构）watchdog journalism / supervision by publicopinion（舆论监督）consumer rights（消费者权益monopoly price就是指“垄断价格price cutting（大减价）price packing（故意提高开价, 以便藉口削价出售而实际赚大钱）selling price（售价）tag price（标价）monopoly profit（垄断利润）extended edition “加长版”、portable edition（携带版）、special edition （特藏本）abridged edition（节略本）、pocket edition（袖珍版）extend meaning（引申义）an extended coverage（增加的保险承保范围）liquefied natural gas就是“液化天然气”，简称LNG“液化石油气”则是liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）page-rank就是指“网页排名”或者“网页等级”SEO（Search engine optimization（搜索引擎优化）real-time display（实时播放）real time information（实时信息）real-time search（实时搜索）sell-off就是“抛售”表示股票价格“下跌”的动词很多，像dive，nosedive，plunge，plummet，tumble等这些动词都是形容股票的“大幅下跌”表示股票“小幅下跌”，可以用dip，edge down，slip lower等。
超全 经济外贸类 短语词汇
经济外贸ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分State-owned economy 国有经济Non-state economy 非国有经济Collective economy 集体经济Individual economy 个体经济Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展National economic budget 国民经济预算Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展Commodity economy 商品经济Market economy 市场经济Free market economy 自由市场经济Developed market economy 发达的市场经济Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济Mature market economy 成熟市场经济Market economy country 市场经济国家Extensive economy 粗放型经济Intensive economy 集约型经济Transform the extensiveeconomic 粗放型经济转变为mode into intensive one 集约型经济Mixed economy 混合经济Regional economy 地区经济Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济Closed economy 闭关自守经济Economic growth point 经济增长点Economic growth mode 经济增长方式Economic growth rate 经济增长率Economy measure 经济手段Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济Economic situation 经济形势Economic cycle 经济周期Economic fluctuation 经济波动Economic miracle 经济奇迹Economic take-off 经济起飞Economic recovery 经济复苏Economic potential 经济潜力Economic sanction 经济制裁Global economy 全球经济Economic globalization 经济全球化Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化International economicintegration 国际经济一体化New international economicorder 国际新经济秩序Multi-polarization of worldeconomy 世界经济多极化Economic community 经济共同体MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控Soft landing 软着路Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势Macro control and microinvigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活Control of overall volume andeconomic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整Tight control on investment infixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制Tight financial and monetarypolicy 从紧的金融货币政策Moderately tight monetary policy适度从紧的货币政策Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策Loosening tight monetary policy放松紧缩的货币政策Adequate amount of the moneysupply 适度货币供应量Excessive amount of currencyissue 过度货币发行量Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定Cheap money policy 低息货币政策Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整Cut interest rate 降低利率Control of interest rate 利率控制Deflation policy 紧缩政策Market intervention 市场干预State intervention 国家干预Administrative interference 行政干预Administrative intervention 行政干预Administrative measure 行政措施Economy measure 经济手段Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制Overheated economy 过热的经济Consumer price index 消费品价格指数Commodity price index 商品物价指数Retail price index 零售物价指数Average price index 平均物价指数Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素Inflation of credit 信用膨胀Inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热Development zone craze 开发区热Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡Supply and demand relation 供求关系Supply over demand 供过于求Supply exceeds demand 供过于求Economic crisis 经济危机Economic depression 经济萧条MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系and operation of State assets Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，responsibilities, separatingownership from daily 管理科学management and adoptingscientific managementRegulation on the supervisionand management 国有企业监督管理条例of the state-owned enterprisesLaws and regulations on theadministration of 国有资产管理法律法规state-owned propertyOperate independently, assumesole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，for its profits and losses, seekself-development 自我约束and self-relianceUphold the principle ofseparating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府government from those ofenterprises and alter the 经济管理职能government’s role in economicmanagementSafeguard state property 保卫国有资产Preserve and increase value andprevent losses 保值增值防止流失Prevent the drain of State-ownedproperty 防止国有资产流失Reform of property rights system产权制度改革Definition of property rights 产权界定Clarification of property rights 明晰产权Registration of property rights 产权登记Annual checks of the registrationof property rights 产权登记年检Certificate of title 产权证书Change of registration 变更登记Change of title 产权变更Transfer of property rights 产权转让Transaction of property rights 产权交易Property rights transfer agency产权交易机构Inspection of assets 资产清查Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定资产重估Asset appraisal 资产评估Productive assets 经营性资产Non-productive assets 非经营性资产Return on assets 资产收益Balance sheet 资产负债表Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表Reform of State-OwnedEnterprises国有企业改革Step up efforts to reformState-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度Readjust and reorganizeState-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组promote re-arrangement ofassets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质overall quality of the State sectorof the economyConcentrate on rejuvenatingState-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和enterprises and enterprisesgroups 企业集团Develop trans-regional andinter-trade enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Reform, reorganization andupgrading 改革，改组和改造Re-organization, association,merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制partnership, leasing, contractoperation and sell-off 租赁，承包经营和出售Manage well large enterprisesand adopt a flexible policy towards small ones 抓好大的，放活小的Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并，merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业Allow money-losing enterprise to merger or go bankrupt 允许亏损企业兼并或破产Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员Re-employment funds 再就业基金Conscientiously strengthen the operation and management of enterprises切实加强企业经营管理Strengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理Increase capital and reduce debts through various channels 多渠道增资减债Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and increase profits抓好企业扭亏增盈Develop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式Alleviate enterprises’social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担By tapping the potential and upgrading the technology 通过挖潜改造Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating the inferior 优胜劣汰机制Enjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的决策权Allow employees to hold someshares 允许职工持股Give more productive enterprisesthe power to engage in exportindependently给更多的生产企业自营出口权Protect the interests of theworking class 保护工人阶级利益Technological upgrading 技术改造Reform of state-ownedenterprises 国有企业改革Deepening of the reform ofState-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革Modern enterprise system 现代企业制度Reorganization of state-ownedenterprises 国有企业重组Transform the enterprises’management mechanismsof State-owned enterprises 转换国有企业经营机制Adjustment of industrialstructure 行业结构调整Industrial policy 产业政策Support and develop largeenterprises and release smallenterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业Large and medium-sizedState-owned enterprises can beturned into corporate enterprises大中型企业可转变为股份公司Smaller enterprises can becomeshareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制Readjust the asset-liability ratioof state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比State-owned independentaccounting industrial enterprises国有独立核算企业Pioneer enterprise 试点企业Enlarge the right ofself-management 扩大自主权Optimize capital structure 优化资本结构Optimize resource allocation 优化资源配置Optimize investment structure优化投资结构Recapitalization 调整资本结构Capital reorganization 资本重组Promote rational flow of propertyright 促进产权合理流动Reduce staff to improve efficiency减员增效Investment risk mechanism 投资风险机制Project capital system 项目资本金制度Legal person responsibilitysystem 法人责任制Responsibility for one’s ownprofit and loss 自负盈亏Enterprise contract managementresponsibility system 企业承包责任制Unreasonable economicstructure 不合理的经济结构Unreasonable product structure不合理的产品结构Repeated construction 重复建设Repeated introduction of foreignequipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进Regional and departmentalprotectionism 地区和部门保持主义Government supervision 政府监督Operating strategy 经营战略Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式Backward in management 管理落后Relying on government subsidy依赖政府补贴Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴Heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担Excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力Merger and acquisition 兼并与收购Encourage merger 鼓励兼并Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破产Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度Re-employment projects 再就业工程Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业Laid-off workers 下岗职工PPI private participation in infrastructure 私营企业参与基础设施建设PSA private sector assessment 私营部门评估PSD private sector development 私营企业发展ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企业和公司Central enterprise 中央企业Local enterprise 地方企业Backbone enterprise 骨干企业Large and medium enterprise 大中型企业State-owned enterprise 国有企业Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业State-owned firm 国有公司，国有企业Corporate enterprise 股份制企业Collective enterprise 集体企业Collective firm 集体企业，合作企业Township enterprise 乡镇企业Partnership enterprise 合伙企业Individual enterprise 个体企业Foreign-funded enterprise 外资企业Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企业Small business 小企业Primary industry 第一产业Secondary industry 第二产业Tertiary industry 第三产业Corporate Law 公司法Township Enterprise Law 乡镇企业法Independent legal entities 独立法人Board of directors 董事会Board of supervisors 监事会Shareholders conference 股东大会Entrepreneur 企业家Firm 公司，企业Company 公司Incorporation 公司Corporation 股份公司Group of enterprises 企业集团Conglomerate 企业集团，综合性大企业Company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司Controlling company 控股公司Holding company 控股公司Bank holding company 银行控股公司Company with limited liability 有限责任公司State-owned holding company 国家控股公司Public company 上市公司Private company 非上市公司Listed company 上市公司Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司Parent company 母公司Subsidiary company 子公司Group company 集团公司Large-scale industrial group 大型工业集团International conglomerate 跨国企业集团International corporation 跨国公司Multinational corporation 跨国公司Multinational market group 跨国市场集团banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行central bank, national bank,banker s bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部Banking institution 金融机构Banking sector 银行部门Intermediary bank 中介银行Development bank 开发银行Commercial bank 商业银行commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）Investment bank 投资银行Credit bank 信贷银行Cooperative bank 合作银行Mortgage bank 抵押银行Clearing bank 清算银行Credit union 信用社neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行EXIMBANK =import and export bank 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India,Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I IndoChine 东方汇理银行Non-bank financial institution 非银行金融机构Financing corporation 金融公司Securities company 证券公司Underwriting company 担保公司Loan and trust company 信托公司Insurance company 保险公司Life insurance company 人寿保险公司Utility company 公共事业公司MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并与收购Reorganization 重组Association 联合Merger 兼并Acquisition 收购Joint stock partnership 股份合作Leasing 出租Contract operation 承包经营Auction 拍卖Develop trans-regional andtrans-industry enterprise groups发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团Strategic acquisition 战略性收购Combination of enterprise 企业合并Concentric acquisition 集中收购Conglomerate merger 集团企业合并Consolidation by lease 租赁式合并Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并Leveraged buy-out (LBO’s) 杠杆收购Stock merger 股票兼并Vertical acquisition 纵向收购Vertical merger 纵向兼并Vertical consolidation 纵向合并Vertical integration 纵向合并Horizontal merger 横向兼并Horizontal acquisition 横向收购Horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并Horizontal integration 横向联合Acquisition cost 收购成本Acquiring enterprise 收购方企业Corporate reorganization 公司重组Bankruptcy Law 破产法Bankruptcy code chapter 7---liquidation 破产法第七章清算Bankruptcy code 11 ---reorganization 破产法第十一章重组Act of bankruptcy 破产法案Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法Bankruptcy court 破产法庭Bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人Bankruptcy notice 破产公告Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破产Arrangement in bankruptcycourt 破产法庭内的协调Arrangement out of bankruptcycourt 不经破产法庭的协调Creditor’s equity 债权人权益Bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人Creditor’s meeting 债权人会议Creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人MARKET AND COMPETITION市场和竞争Commodity market 商品市场Securities market 证券市场Bond market 债券市场Stock market 股票市场Futures market 期货市场Options market 期权市场Property rights market 产权市场Capital market 资本市场Free market 自由市场Labour market 劳动力市场Flea market 跳蚤市场Bear market 股票市场的熊市Bull market 股票市场的牛市Market competition 市场竞争Market development 市场开发Market forecast 市场预测Market potential 市场潜力Market risk 市场风险Market share 市场份额Seller’s market 卖方市场Buyer’ s market 买方市场Market abroad 海外市场Marketability 市场能力Marketable 销路好的Marketing channel 销售渠道Marketing strategy 销售战略Competition market 竟争市场Perfect competition 完全竟争Imperfect competition 不完全竟争Low-level competition 低水平竟争Monopolistic competition 垄断竟争Competitor 竟争对手Natural monopoly 自然垄断International monopoly 国际垄断Market 市场bear market 股票市场的熊市bond market 证券市场bull market 股票市场的牛市capital market 资本市场emerging market economic 新兴市场经济majority market economic 成熟市场经济market abroad 海外市场market analysis 市场分析market approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的市场法market competition 市场竟争market demand price 市场需求价格market development 市场开发market economy country 市场经济国家market factor 市场因素market forecast 市场预测market index 市场指数market information 市场信息market investigation 市场调查market potential 市场潜力market quotation 市场行情market replacement cost 市场重置成本market research 市场调查，市场研究market risk 市场风险market share 市场份额，市场占有率market value method 市价法market-oriented 面向市场的market-to-cost method 市价成本法property right market 产权市场seller’s market 卖方市场social market economy 社会主义市场经济stock market 股票市场Marketing 营销，市场销售marketing channel 销售渠道，市场渠道marketing cost 销售成本marketing manager 市场销售经理markrting strategy 市场经营战略marketing system 市场体系relationship marketing 关系营销Asset, Liability And Equity 资产,负债和权益Asset management 资产管理Tangible assets 有形资产Intangible assets 无形资产Physical assets 实物资产Fixed assets 固定资产Current assets 流动资产Current asset losses in suspense待处理流动资产损失Deferred assets 递延资产Other assets 其它资产Total assets 总资产Net assets 净资产Book value of the assets 资产的账面值Non-ledger assets 帐外资产Asset account 资产账户Asset disposal 资产处置Asset depreciation 资产折旧Asset inventory shorts 资产盘亏Asset inventory surplus 资产盘盈Asset retirement 资产报废Asset revaluation 资产重估Capital assets 资本资产Monetary assets 金融资产Mortgage assets 抵押资产Long-term assets 长期资产Liability 负债Liability account 负债账户Direct liability 直接负债Current liability 流动负债Liability out of book 账外负债Long-term liability 长期负债Book debt 账面负债Asset liability ratio 资产负债比Owner’s equity 所有者权益Equity account 权益账户Stockholders’equity 股东权益Preferred stock equity 优先股权益Cumulative preferred stock 积累优先股Non-cumulative preferred stock非积累优先股Convertible preferred stock 可转换优先股Participating preferred stock 参加优先股Non-Participating preferred stock非参加优先股Callable preferred stock 可赎回优先股Common stock equity 普通股权益Total equity 权益总额企业评价指标EVALUATIONINDICATORAssets Liabilities Ratio 资产负债率Quick Ratio 速动比率Current Ratio 流动比率P/E ratio 市盈率Current Liabilities to Net Worth 流动负债比净资产Total Liabilities to Net Worth 总负债比净资产Fixed Assets to Net Worth 固定资产比净资产Inventory Turnover Ratio 存货Assets to SalesSales to Net Working Capital 销售收入比流动资金净值Accounts Payable to Sales 应付帐款比销售收入Return on Sales(profit Margin) Return on Assets 资产收益率Return on Total Assets 总资产收益率Return on Shareholder’s Equity 股东权益收益率Return on Investment 投资收益Return on Net Worth(Return on Equity) 净资产收益率收益表INCOME STATEMENT销售收入Sales Revenue减：销售折扣与折让Deduct: Sales Discount & Allowance销售收入净值Net Sales Revenue 减：销售税金Deduct: Tax on Sales 销售成本Coat of Sales销售毛利Gross Profit from Sales 减：管理费用Deduct: Administration Expenses财务费用Financial Expenses销售利润Profit from Sales加：其它业务利润Plus: Profit from Other Operations营业利润Operating Profits加：投资收益Plus: Investment Income营业外净收入Non-Operating Revenue以前年度利润调整Adjustment of Earning of Prior Years利润总额Total Profits(Before Tax) 减：所得税Deduct: Income Tax 净利润Net Profits 合并资产负债表CONSOLIDATEDBALANCE SHEET资产Assets流动资产Current Assets长期应收帐款Long-termReceivable长期投资Long-term Investment固定资产Fixed Assets原值Original Coat减：累计折旧Deduct:Accumulated Depreciation净值Net Worth在建工程Constructionin-progress其它资产Other Assets资产总额Total Assets负债和权益Liabilities & Equity负债Liabilities流动负债Current Liabilities长期负债Long-term Liabilities负债合计Total Liabilities少数股东权益Minority Interests权益Equity实收资本Paid-in Capital资本公积Capital surplus保留盈利Retained Earnings权益合计Total Equity负债和权益总额Total Liabilities &EquityBALANCE SHEET 资产负债表Cash and Equivalents 现金和视同现金Accounts Receivable 应收帐款Inventories 存货Other Current Assets 其它流动资产Total Current Assets 流动资产总计Gross Property, Plant &Equipment 财产，场房和设备原值Accumulated Depreciation 累计折旧Net property, Plant & Equipment财产，场房和设备净值Other Assets 其它资产Total Assets 总资产LIABILITIES & EQUITY 负债和权益Debt in Current Liabilities 流动负债Accounts Payable 应付帐款Income Taxes Payable 应付所得税Other Current Liabilities 其它流动负债long-term Debt 长期负债Deferred Taxes 递延税金Other Liabilities 其它负债Minority Interest 少数股东权益Total Liabilities 总负债Preferred Stock Equity 优先股权益Common Stock Equity 普通股权益Total Stockholders’Equity 股东权益总计Total Liabilities and Equity 负债权益总计Economic经济的economic analysis 经济分析economic and technicaldevelopment zone 经济技术开发区economic base 经济基础economic community 经济共同体economic cooperation zone 经济协作区economic crisis 经济危机economic cycle 经济周期economic depression 经济萧条economic efficiency 经济效益economic entity 经济实体economic forecast 经济预测economic foundation 经济基础economic growth rate 经济增长率economic integration 经济一体化economic miracle 经济奇迹economic order 经济秩序economic policy 经济政策economic potential 经济潜力economic prospect 经济展望economic recovery 经济复苏economic sanctions 经济制裁economic situation 经济形势economic system 经济体制，经济制度economic value 经济价值East Asia Economic Rim 东亚经济圈Economics 经济学economics of industry 工业经济学economics of management 管理经济学economics of scale 规模经济学Economy 经济closed economy 闭关自守经济commodity economy 商品经济economy measure 经济手段economies of scale 规模经济market economy 市场经济mixed economy 混合经济planned economy 计划经济Enterprise企业Entrepreneur 企业家Enterpreneurial 企业家的enterpreneurial courage 企业家的胆略enterpreneurial spirit 企业家精神Enterprise 企业backbone enterprise 骨干企业central enterprises 中央企业collectively-owned enterprises 集体企业combined enterprise 联合企业enterprise accounting 企业会计enterprise development fund 企业发展基金enterprise law 企业法enterprises’management mechanisms 企业管理机制foreign-funded enterprises 外资企业large and medium-size enterprises 大中型企业local enterprises 地方企业modern enterprise system 现代企业制度money-lossing enterprises 亏损企业state-owned enterprises 国有企业township enterprises 乡镇企业Accountant会计师Certified Public Accountant (CPA)注册会计师chief accountant 总会计师cost accountant 成本会计certified managementaccountant (CMA) 注册管理会计师certified public accountant (CPA)注册会计师Accounting会计，会计学accounting classification 会计科目分类accounting cycle 会计周期accounting equation 会计方程式accounting firm 会计事务所accounting information 会计信息accounting principles forbusiness enterprise 企业会计原则accounting statement 会计报表accounting system 会计系统accounting year 会计年度accrual basis accounting 权责发生制会计方法记帐cash basis accounting 现金会计方法记帐All-purpose financial statement通用财务报表American Institute of CertifiedPublic Accountants 美国注册会计师协会（AICPA)certified copy 正式核准的副本certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表certified invoice 证实发票certified managementaccountant (CMA) 注册管理会计师certified public accountant (CPA)注册会计师annual accounting 年度决算annual audit 年度审计annual balance sheet 年终决算表annual budget 年度预算annual financial report 年度财务报告annual summary 年度汇总表summary balance sheet 资产负债汇总表Audit审计annual audit 年度审计audit certificate 审计证书Audit Law 审计法audit of financial statement 财务报表审计external audit 外部审计legally required audit 法定审计Auditing firm 审计公司Auditor 审计师Account帐户，会计科目accounting classification 会计科目分类account balance 帐户余额account payable 应付帐款account receivable 应收帐款accumulation account 累积帐户assets account 资产帐户bank account 银行帐户capital account 资本帐户cash account 现金帐户checking account 支票帐户clearing account 清算帐户，结算帐户commission account 佣金帐户cost account 成本帐户deposit account 存款帐户doubtful account 可疑帐户equity account 股本帐户expenses account 开支帐户foreign currency account 外汇帐户frozen account 冻结帐户group account 集团帐户inventory account 存货帐户investment account 投资帐户journal account 日记帐ledger account 分类帐帐户liability account 负债帐户overdrawn account 透支帐户property account 财产帐户savings account 储蓄帐户accrued expenses payable 应计未付费用accrued income 应计收入accrued interest on bonds 应计债券利息accrued interest on investment 应计投资利息accured interest patable 应计未付利息accrued liability 应计负债accrued profit 应计利润accrued taxes 应计税款accumulated amount 累计额accumulated earnings 累计收益accumulated funds 公积金accumulated net income 累计净收益accumulated profit 累计利润accumulating capital 累计资本accumulating losses 累计损失Acid ratio 流动比率actual assets 实际资产actual cash value 实际现金价值actual capital 实际资本actual cost 实际成本actual depreciation 实际折旧actual value 实际价值Adjusted 调整后的adjusted acquisition cost 调整后购置成本adjusted base 调整后基数adjusted book balance 调整后的帐面余额adjusted gross income 调整后的净收入adjusted net profit 调整后的净利润Adjustment 调整adjustment account 调整帐户Advance 预付advance account 预付帐户advance charge 预付费用advance payment 预先付款advance received 暂收款Allocated cost 已分摊成本Allocated cost of fixed assts 固定资产折旧Allocation 分配，分摊allocation of market 市场分配allocation of purchase price 购置价格分摊（指成套设备）allocation of quota 配额分配allocation of resources 资源分配allocation of shares 股金分配allocation optimum 最优配置allocations to accounting periods会计期间内的分摊Allotment 拨款Amendment 修改amendment of register 变更登记American Society of Appraisers(ASA) 美国评估师协会Amortization 摊销，摊还amortization fund 偿债基金amortization of bond issuedexpense 债券发行费摊销amortization of fixed asset 固定资产摊销amortization of loan 分期偿还贷款amortization schedule 摊销表Amount 数量，总额，合计amount guaranteed 担保额amount of investment 投资额amount of sales 销售额financial statement analysis财务报表分析analysis of assets changes 资产变动分析analysis of balance sheet 资产负债表分析balance sheet evaluation 资产负债表评价analysis of business profit 企业利润分析analysis of capital changes 资本变动分析analysis of changes in financialposition 财务状况变动分析balance sheet 资产负债表balance sheet audit 资产负债表审计balance sheet classification 资产负债表分类certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表analysis of variance 方差分析gross profit analysis 毛利分析investment analysis 投资分析market analysis 市场分析macro analysis 微观分析qualitative analysis 定性分析quantitative analysis 定量分析ratio analysis 比率分析return analysis 回报分析sales analysis 销售分析Analytical model 分析模型bad account 坏帐，呆帐bad debt provision/allowance呆坏账预备bad debt reserve 呆坏账准备doubtful/uncollectible accountprovision/allowance呆坏账预备bad debt loss 坏帐损失bad debt recovery 呆坏帐收回bad debt allowance 备抵坏账write off 勾销(债款等)bad title 失效产权Balance 余额，结余，差额，平衡adverse balance 收支逆差balance budget 平衡预算balance of international trade 国际贸易差额balance of payment 国际收支closing balance 期末差额credit balance 贷方余额foreign currency balance 外汇余额keep balance 保持平衡loss balance 失去平衡negative balance 逆差retained balance from foreign exchange revenue 外汇收入留成余额book depreciation 帐面折旧book-entry securities 记帐证券book inventory 帐面库存book of account 帐簿book profit 帐面利润book value per share 每股帐面价值Cash 现金cash account 现金帐户cash assets 现金资本cash audit 现金审计cash balance 现金余额cash equivalent 视同库存现金cash flow analysis 现金流量分析cash in bank 银行现金cash in hold 库存现金cash payment 现金支付cash purchase 现金购买cash transaction 现金交易free cash flows 活动现金流Certified 注册的，合格的certified appraiser 注册评估师certified copy 正式核准的副本certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表certified invoice 证实发票certified mortgage 证实抵押finance charges 财务费用Classification 分类，科目classification item 分类项目classification of accounts 帐户分类classification of assets 资产分类classification of property 财产分类classification schemes 分类表Classified 分成类的classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表classified depreciation 分类折旧coding of account 帐户代码coding of assets 资产代码Closing 结算，结帐，收盘closing account 结帐，结算closing cost 成交价closing inventory 期末存货Consolidated 合并的，综合的consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表consolidated financial statement合并决算表consolidated income statement合并损益表，综合损益表consolidated profit and lossstatement 汇总损益表consolidated retained earning 合并留存收益consolidated statement 汇总报表Cost 成本，费用acquisition cost 购置成本actual cost 实际成本anticipated cost method 预期成本法average cost 平均成本borrowing- cost 借债成本carrying cost 维持成本cost account 成本帐户cost accounting 成本会计cost allocation 成本分摊cost analysis 成本分析cost and benefit analysis 成本收益分析cost approach to fair marketvalue 求得公平市场价值的成本法cost control 成本控制cost distribution 成本分摊cost free 免费cost method 成本法cost objective 成本目标cost of capital 资金成本cost of investment 投资成本cost of management 管理费cost of marketing 营销成本cost of replacement 重置成本法cost of reproduction lessdepreciation 重置成本减折旧cost of sales 销售成本cost-benefit analysis 成本收益分析cost-effectiveness 成本效益cost-of-living index 生活费指数cost plus 成本加价indirect cost 间接成本marginal cost 边际成本material cost 材料成本opportunity cost 机会成本ordering cost 订货成本sunk costs 沉没成本variable costs 变动成本current assets 流动资产current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表current account deposits 活期帐户存款current asset losses in suspense待处理流动资产损失current debt ratio 流动负债比率current fund employed per 100Yuan ofsales revenue 每百元销售收入占用流动资金current fund employment rate 流动资金占有率current fund loan 流动资金借款current fund turnover days 流动资金周转天数current intangibles 无形流动资产current liability 流动负债current maturity of long termdebt 本年内到期的长期负债current-noncurrent method 对国外业务按现行汇率折合算法current ratio 流动比率current surplus 本期盈余current tangible assets 有形流动资产current term net loss 本期净损失current term net profit or loss 本期净损益current assets 流动资产current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表。
经济热词
经济热词1. Law of Supply & Demand:供求规律：This is the founding block of economics.这是经济学的基石。
Whenever supply of something increases its price decreases and whenever supply decreases price increases.物品供给增长则价格下跌，供应减少则价格上涨。
Thus, when you have excess production of corn, food prices decrease and vice versa.因而谷物产量过剩，食物价格则下降；反之亦然。
Think of this intuitively. You will find its applications in 1000s of places.凭直觉判断，你会发觉这条定律适应于千千万万个地方。
2. Growth rate:增长率：The growth of an economy is commonly measured in terms of GDP growth rate.经济体的增长一般是依据国内生产总值增长率来衡量的。
Since GDP is a measure of national income, this growth rate is a rough proxy for how an average person's income grows every year.国内生产总值衡量国家的收入，所以增长率可以粗略衡量平均每人每年收入增长多少。
3. Inflation:通货膨胀：You already know that the price of most products now are higher than in your grandfather's time.你知道现在大部分产品的价格比你祖父那时要高得多。
100个超实用经济词汇及中文解释
001. 绝对优势（Absolute advantage）如果一个国家用一单位资源生产的某种产品比另一个国家多，那么，这个国家在这种产品的生产上与另一国相比就具有绝对优势。
002. 逆向选择（Adverse choice）在此状况下，保险公司发现它们的客户中有太大的一部分来自高风险群体。
003. 选择成本（Alternative cost）如果以最好的另一种方式使用的某种资源，它所能生产的价值就是选择成本，也可以称之为机会成本。
004. 需求的弧弹性（ Arc elasticity of demand）如果P1和Q1分别是价格和需求量的初始值，P2 和Q2 为第二组值，那么，弧弹性就等于 -（Q1-Q2）（P1＋P2）/（P1-P2）（Q1＋Q2）010. 投资的β(Beta）β度量的是与投资相联的不可分散的风险。
对于一种股票而言，它表示所有现行股票的收益发生变化时，一种股票的收益会如何敏感地变化。
012. 收支平衡图（Break－even chart）收支平衡图表示一种产品所出售的总数量改变时总收益和总成本是如何变化的。
收支平衡点是为避免损失而必须卖出的最小数量。
013. 预算线(Budget line）预算线表示消费者所能购买的商品X和商品Y 的数量的全部组合。
它的斜率等于商品X的价格除以商品Y的价格再乘以一1。
015. 资本（Capital）资本是指用于生产、销售及商品和服务分配的设备、厂房、存货、原材料和其他非人力生产资源。
018. 基数效用(Cardinal utility）基数效用是指像个人的体重或身高那样在基数的意义上可以度量的效用（它意味着效用之间的差别，即边际效用，是有意义的）。
序数效用与它相反，它只在序数的层面上才有意义。
020. 科布一道格拉斯生产函数（Cobb-Douglas production function）科布一道格拉斯生产函数是指这样的生产函数Q=AL"IK"2 Mi3。
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市场经济热词-S
S S
safety net
scarcity economy
secondary market
segregation of financial industry self-financed investment
self-identifying
seller’s market
shadow price
snowballing
social security contribution social security
social welfare
soft budget constraint
soft landing
sovereign credit
sovereign rating
sovereign risk
country risk
special drawing right（SDR）specific tax
stagflation
standard money
statutory legislation
sterilization operation
stock pile
stocks and flows
structural distortion
structural imbalance
structural rigidity
structural unemployment
sub-contractors
subordinate debt
subscribed capital
subsidiary companies
substandard loans款
sunrise industries
sunset industries业
supervisory board
surcharge
surtax
sustainable economic growth
SWIFT
SWIFT（Society for Worldwide International Financial Telecommunication）System of National Account（SNA）
systemic effect
systemic financial crisis 安
稀缺经济
二级市场
金融业分业经营
自酬投资
自己识别
卖方市场
影子价格
雪球效应
社会保险税
社会保障
社会福利
软预算约束
软着陆
国家信用
主权信用评级
主权风险
国家风险
特别提款权
从量税
滞涨
本位币
法律规定
对冲操作
产品积压
存量和流量
结构扭曲
结构失调
结构僵化
结构性失业
分包商
次级债务
认缴资本
子公司
次级贷款
朝阳产业
夕阳产业
监事会
附加税
附加税
可持续经济增长
国际金融电讯协会
环球银行业金融电信协会国民账户体系
系统性影响
系统性金融危机
【。