2023年江苏省南通市如东中学、栟茶中学高三英语第一学期期末经典试题含解析

2023年江苏省南通市如东中学、栟茶中学高三英语第一学期期末经典试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Your letter will get attention! They know you’re expecting the answer. A．careful B．common C．instant D．general2．One hundred and fifteen Chinese companies hit the newly released Fortune 500 list for 2017, ______ an increase for the 14th straight year, domestic website reported on Thursday.A．to realize B．realizedC．realizing D．having realized3．_______ his overseas study, he was eventually employed by his dream company.A．Having completed B．CompletingC．Completed D．To complete4．—Sometimes I am even sleepy in class.—It’s terrible. You _____ as well go to bed earlier.A．should B．willC．might D．can5．—you play the piano at this time of the day ? I need a good rest for tomorrow’s test.— Sorry.A．Must B．Shall C．Can D．May6．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked.A．laid B．layingC．to lay D．being laid7．— Do you often come here to have a walk?— No, only _________, because we are much too busy.A．occasionally B．eventuallyC．merely D．frequently8．________ challenges in Chinas car-sharing economy, shared mobility still has a promising future.A．Despite B．BesidesC．Concerning D．Regarding9．— Hello, Paul, do you like to join us in playing football? We need one more person to ____ a team.—Y es, I’d like to.A．pick up B．pick out C．make up D．make out10．--- I’ll send you the signed contract personally this time tomorrow.--- Sorry, I ______ a meeting then.A．am attending B．attendedC．have attended D．will be attending11．According to The Sun, British scientists have solved the ancient riddle of ________ came first—chicken or egg?A．who B．whatC．which D．that12．According to the local law, no one ______ enter the building site without permission. A．can B．mustC．shall D．dare13．— Can you tell me something about _________ science.— OK. _ Nobel Prize in Chemistry is usually awarded to Americans.A．the; The B．/; The C．a; / D．the; /14．--The weather is too cold ___ March this year.-- It was still ___ when I came here years ago.A．for; colder B．in; coldC．in; hot D．for; hotter15．—I have no idea what made the students so excited and crazy.—______ it have been their team’s victory in the finals?A．Must B．CouldC．Would D．Should16．You have a big mouth, Tom. You have told everybody the secret. A．can’t B．mustn’tC．shouldn’t D．mightn’t17．It was in that small house ________ was built with stones by his father ________ he spent his childhood.A．that; where B．which; thatC．which; which D．that; which18．During the economic crisis, we should help those for ______life is far from easy．A．whom B．whose C．who D．whoever19．Molly finally agreed, _____ reluctantly, to go and see a doctor.A．afterwards B．almostC．otherwise D．somewhat20．.---Would you have told him the answer had it been possible?.---I would have, but I _____ so busy then.A．had been B．were C．wasD．would be第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）While smartphones stand accused of a variety of crimes, these pocket computers can certainly be a force for good. Y our phone is always with you, making it the perfect device to push you into a more beneficial way of living. Here are some of the best apps that can help.HabiticaHabitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own characters and scoring. It’s a lot of fun，and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family. In addition to regular repeating habits, you can add a more general to-do list, and the rewards you get can be customized too — you could treat yourself to a meal out or an extra hour of games.Smoke FreeIf you’ve got a specific habit in mind，then you’ll usually find specific apps to help, like Smoke Free. If you’re determined to give up smoking, then this is one of the most comprehensive apps for giving you that extra push you need to make a permanent change. The app offers a host of useful features for people wanting to go smoke-free ：The ability to see your progress over time，charts showing how your health is improving，day-by-day encouragement，and some advice on techniques for giving up smoking.MyFitnessPalYou can find a ton of health and fitness apps for your phone, but MyFitnessPal stands out not just because it is easy to use, but because it makes practical suggestions for you. It can take in a host of data, from the calories (卡路里)you’re taking in to the number of swims you’re doing per week, and offer reports on calorie consumption and macronutrient (大量营养素）breakdown.1、What can Habitica help you to do?A．Win a tough game. B．Start a lasting friendship.C．Find a fancy restaurant. D．Develop a pleasant habit.2、Which of the following can Smoke Free provide?A．The freedom to smoke. B．The ability to make progress. C．Advice on how to quit smoking. D．Charts about your excellent health. 3、What can we learn about the three apps mentioned in the text?A．They’re cheap.B．They’re practical.C．They’re free.D．They’re interesting.22．（8分）To err is human. Society is suffering from an inability to acknowledge as much.For individuals, errors are painful. The trick, then, is to err well: to recognize mistakes and learn from them. Worryingly, humanity may be getting worse at admitting its mistakes.Few enjoy the feeling of being caught out in an error. But real trouble starts when the desire to avoid a punishment leads to a refusal to deal with contrary evidence. Economists often assume that people are sensible. When faced with a new fact, these people should update their view of the world to take better decisions in future. Yet years of economic research confirms that people frequently disregard information that conflicts with their view of the world.Why should that be? Last year Roland Benabou, of Princeton, presented a framework for thinking about the problem. In many ways, beliefs are like other economic goods. People spend time and resources building them, and get value from them: some beliefs make owners feel good and show their public identity; other beliefs provide value by shaping behavior—for example, religious asceticism(禁欲主义) can help one avoid unhealthy habits.Because beliefs, however, are not simply tools for making good decisions, but aretreasured in their own right, new information that challenges them is unwelcome. People often engage in “motivated reasoning” to manage such challenges. Mr Benabou classifies this into three categories. “Strategic ignorance” is when a believer avoids information offering conflicting evidence. In “reality denial”，troubling evidence is rationalized(合理化)：real estate investors might make up fanciful theories for why prices should behave unusually, and supporters of a disgraced politician might claim the negative news to be fake. And lastly, in “self­signalling”，the believer creates his own tools to interpret the facts in the way he wants: an unhealthy person, for example, might decide that going for a daily run proves he is well.“Motivated reasoning” is a cognitive bias(偏见). Not all the errors it leads to are costly: praising the performance of one's supported football team despite contradictory evidence does little harm. But when biases are broadly shared—within financial world or political parties—danger arises. Motivated reasoning helps explain why viewpoints polarize (两极分化) even as information is more easily available than ever before.Work by Mr Benabou suggests that groupthink is highest when people within groups face a shared fate: when choosing to break from a group is unlikely to spare an individual the costs of the group's errors or bring much individual benefit. The incentive(动力) to engage in motivated reasoning is high as a result. Even as the fact on a particular issue is obvious, parties can still become increasingly polarized. That, in turn, can make it harder still for a member of one party to get any benefit from breaking from a group. Indeed, the group has an incentive to silence independent voices.Public statements of regret are risky in a rigidly polarized world. Admissions of error can not only annoy partners but also provide opportunities for opponents. But it is rarely in the interest of those in the right to pretend that they are never wrong.1、According to the passage, beliefs are similar to economic goods in that ________．A．both are entertaining and valuable B．both can be shaped by religious faith C．both can reflect who the owners are D．both promote religious development2、Which of the following is an example of “self­signalling”？A．A fan speaks highly of his team although it has just lost the game.B．A man covers his ears when stealing a bell, believing the bell won't ring. C．Supporters of Trump believe the news about his affairs with a lady is fake. D．Suspected AIDS carriers refuse to be tested though it can be done for free.3、What can be inferred from Paragraphs 6 and 7?A．Polarization causes individuals to break from the group.B．Richer sources of information decrease motivated reasoning.C．Individuals with independent voices are dismissed from the group.D．Individuals in a group engage in motivated reasoning for their own interests.4、Which of the following opinions might the author agree with?A．Denying errors is unavoidable.B．Failure to admit errors is harmful.C．Humans are getting better at erring well.D．Wise people ignore contrary worldviews.23．（8分）The world’s population is projected to reach 11 billion by the end of the century.Feeding that many people will be a challenge, and it is further complicated by the impact of climate change on agriculture. That is why some people advocate an unusual way to boost the food supply and feed people sustainably by eating less meat and more insects.About 2 billion people already eat bugs. Mexicans enjoy chilly-toasted grasshoppers. Thais tuck into cricket stir-fries and Ghanaians snack on termites. Insects are slowly creeping on to Western menus as novelty items, but most people remain squcamish(拘谨).Yet there are three reasons why eating insects makes sense.First, they are healthier than meat. There are nearly 2000 kinds of edible insects, many of them packed with protein, calcium, fiber, iron and zinc. A small serving of grasshoppers can contain about the same amount of protein as a similar sized serving of beef, but has far less fat and far fewer calories.Second, raising insects is cheap, or free. Little technology or investment is needed to produce them. Harvesting insects could provide livelihoods to some of the world’s poorest people.Finally, insects are a far more sustainable source of food than livestock. Livestock production accounts for nearly a fifth of all greenhouse-gas emissions, that’s more than transport. By contrast, insects produce relatively few greenhouse gases and raising them requires much less land and water. And they eat almost anything.Despite all this, most Westerners find insects hard to swallow.One solution is to use protein extracted from bugs in other products such as ready meals and pasta sauces. Not having to look at the bugs and emphasizing the environmental benefits might make the idea of eating insects a bit more palatable.1、What is the direct reason why some people advocate eating insects?A．Insufficient food supply B．Climate changeC．The rapid increase of population D．Insects’ high nutrition2、From the passage, we can infer that .A．eating insects is healthier than eating beefB．eating insects is popular among westernersC．eating insects can help people lose weightD．eating insects causes less damage to the environment3、How can we make it more acceptable to eat insects?A．By closing your eyes when eating insectsB．By eating insects together with other foodC．By putting insects’ nutrients into other food productsD．By considering the environmental benefits of eating insects24．（8分）Indian scientists have designed a new device which they hope will solve one of the biggest problems with the use of solar energy. They call the device a solar tree. Solar trees have metal " branches" extending from a tall , central pole at different levels. Each branch holds a photovoltaic (光电的) panel, also called a solar panel. These panels are flat surfaces that collect energy from the sun and turn it into electricity.Daljit Singh Bedi is the chief scientist at the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, or CSIR , in New Delhi, India. The CSIR laboratories are where the solar tree was designed. Bedi says the shape of the solar tree makes it possible to fit more photovoltaic panels in a space than traditional systems do. "It takes about 4 square meters of space to produce energy which otherwise would have required 400 square meters of space," he says.Scientists believe the energy a solar tree collects will be enough to power five homes. The solar trees will make it easier to provide solar energy for homes in cities, they say. The solar trees will also take less space from farmers in rural areas. And they will collectmore energy than normal photovoltaic panels on the tops of buildings, because their design helps with placement of solar panels in a way that they are exposed more to the sun.India is the world ' s third largest producer of greenhouse gases. The country has promised to reduce its rate of greenhouse gas production.The cost of photovoltaic panels has gone down in recent years. This has made solar power cheaper and easier to use. But it is still not clear how useful these new developments in solar power technology are.1、Which picture can show the solar tree in the passage?A．B．C．D．2、What does Bedi say about the solar trees?A．They are energy - consuming. B．They are space - saving.C．They are easily accessible. D．They have geographical limitation.3、What makes the solar tree collect more energy?A．The hi - tech materials built in the panels. B．The number of panels fixed on it. C．The correct placement of the tree. D．The flexibilitv of its design.4、What ' s the purpose of the passage?A．To introduce a new technological invention.B．To explain why scientists design solar trees.C．To describe the features of solar trees.D．To show the benefits of solar power technology.25．（10分）LEADING INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS 2019●Jerudong International Sc hool(JIS) , Brunei“Achieving Excellence” is the motto of JIS, Brunei. A developing boarding school of 1,700 students, 40% Bruneian, JIS has made itself a leading school in Asia. With almost 200 highly qualified teachers primarily from the UK, the 120-acre single campus (校园) close to both coast and rainforest offers a unique educational environment. There is a Performing Arts Centre, 27 science laboratories, libraries and classrooms.●The American International School (AIS), AustriaFounded in 1959, AIS is the oldest English-language school in Austria. School programs focus on academics, but also on the development of students’ creative and leadership abilities and emotional intelligence. The school recognizes students’ special learning styles, trying to make instruction different and allowing students to reach their full potential in different areas.●Singapore American School (SAS), SingaporeFounded in 1956, it is one of only a few good non-profit schools in Singapore. For over six decades, SAS has provided students from preschool to Grade 12 a good American education with an international view. The school supports professional development financially and continually sends teachers across the globe to discover new ideas and best practices from influential educational institutions.●Santa Clara International School (SCIS), Spain -In the school, when you walk into a classroom, you’ll see hands raised, small groups assembled (集合), and presentations underway. You’ll find teachers creating cooperative partnershi ps with students, encouraging them to discover and connect. You’ll observe children working on meaningful hands-on projects that build skills and excite creativity. The teaching philosophy is that learning happens everywhere: in the classrooms, in the city, in a museum, on a farm, or just a walk around the neighborhood.1、How can students benefit from attending AIS?A．They are exposed to the beauty of vast rainforests.B．They are made leaders with emotional intelligence.C．They are always sent abroad to discover new ideas.D．They are encouraged to develop their possibilities.2、Which school attaches importance to teachers’ development?A．JIS. B．SAS. C．AIS. D．SCIS.3、What makes SCIS different from the other schools?A．Its special teaching methods. B．Its various practical courses.C．Its large and beautiful campus. D．Its oldest history and buildings.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）The Sweetest ThingWhen I was ten, I was crazy about candy. Whenever in our small-town 1with my mom, I would run my fingers through my favorite candy on the shelf.Once there, thinking about all things sweet, I noticed a man a few feet away pushing buttons on the ATM machine. Dressed in a suit, he seemed to be late for something, 2 waiting for his cash to appear. The machine made a noise, and he immediately 3 a pile of bills and headed out. Curiously, I walked over to the ATM, where I started pressing the buttons as if knowing the 4 . Then I looked into the bottom of the machine. There I saw it: a beautiful, crisp $20 bill! 5 I wanted to believe my magic made the cash appear, I knew the man in the suit must have left it behind.I held the money in my hand, staring at the number “20” and feeling 6 than I ever had. I thought about slipping the money into my pocket. No one would know, but it didn’t feel 7 . I knew it didn’t belong to me. I had to find its owner and give it back! So I told my mom what had happened. “We’ll look for him.” she said k indly. We rushed out and found him stepping into his car in the parking lot! We 8 him and asked whether he had left money at the cash machine.“Let me 9 ,” he said, pulling out his wallet and bills. “Twenty, forty, eighty…Oh! You’re right,” he said with surprise, “I’m 10 a $20 bill.”“Here you go,” I said, smiling with pride, as if I was a(n) 11 who had solved a mystery. “Thank you so much,” he said, bending down and shaking my hand. My heart 12 . Before saying goodbye, he asked my mom for my name and 13 . “I want to send your daughter a thank-you card,” he said.On my way home, my 14 was racing. Twenty dollars. What could I have done with it? I bet I could have bought a puppy or every single candy bar in town! But now 15 of that would happen. Yet I knew I had done the right thing.A few weeks later, I got a box with a note. I ripped it open to find packages of candy.“Dear Felice, Thank you very much for 16 my $20. You are a great girl, and I appreciate your 17 . I hope you enjoy this candy. Best Wishes, Tom.” Tom included his business card. It turned out he was vice-president for the candy company. The candy tasted sweet, each 18 reminding me that what I had done mattered. Although my honesty wouldn’t always be 19 with candy, it would make a difference to someone. And that was the 20 part of all.1、A．school B．church C．store D．bank2、A．angrily B．excitedly C．hopefully D．anxiously3、A．covered B．seized C．handed D．posted4、A．machine B．assistant C．man D．password5、A．Though B．Since C．Once D．Until6、A．smarter B．stronger C．prettier D．richer7、A．right B．good C．fair D．easy8、A．caught B．approached C．guided D．searched9、A．try B．think C．check D．guess10、A．sparing B．seeking C．missing D．changing11、A．engineer B．detective C．manager D．designer12、A．hurt B．sank C．swelled D．jumped13、A．address B．age C．habit D．birthday14、A．car B．memory C．time D．mind15、A．both B．none C．some D．either16、A．returning B．remembering C．keeping D．lending17、A．loyalty B．devotion C．honesty D．bravery18、A．dollar B．bite C．product D．choice19、A．marked B．replaced C．shared D．rewarded20、A．sweetest B．hardest C．freshest D．heaviest第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。