2020年福州市高中毕业班第三次质量检测 英语

2020年福州市高中毕业班第三次质量检测英语试卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B.C和D)中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWant to be more successful?If so,then you need to read a few self-help books.Here are four popular ones to get you going.59Seconds(2009)by Richard WisemanThis is a self-help book with a difference.Wiseman,a scientist,uses science to prove many self-help myths(神话)are false.For example,self-help books say that if you want to achieve a goal,you should visualize it.But Wiseman says that's the worst thing to do.Studies show that you need to visualize the steps required to achieve the goal.How to Win Friends&Influence People(1936)-by Dale CarnegieThis is the book that launched the self-help type.Carnegie says financial success is15% professional knowledge and85%the ability to express ideas,assume leadership,and motivate people.The book is full of practical advice on how to influence people by making them like you. The Millionaire Next Door(1996)by Thomas Stanley&Wlliam DankoThe authors of this book spent years interviewing American millionaires to figure out the secrets of their success.And they discovered that a majority of millionaires don't live luxury lifestyles.They're rich because they live below their means and reinvest what they earn.Who Moved My Cheese?(1998)-by Spencer JohnsonWho Moved My Cheese?An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life,published on September8,1998,is a motivational business fable(寓言).The text describes change in one's work and life,and four typical reactions to those changes by two mice and two "little people"，during their hunt for cheese.21.What is the key to achieving success in59Seconds?A.To employ science.B.To follow examples.C.To picture procedures.D.To visualize the goal.22.What is Dale Carnegie's book mainly about?A.How to master occupational knowledge.B.How to apply practical techniques.C.How to gain strong management.D.How to become popular persons.23.Which book can help you adapt to change in your life?A.59SecondsB.Who Moved My Cheese?C.The Millionaire Next DoorD.How to Win Friends&Influence PeopleBWhen Millet was a boy he worked on his needy father's farm.At the rest hour in the fields the other workers would all take naps,but young Millet would spend time drawing,Finally the village where he lived gave him a little money to Paris to study art.When Millet reached Paris he had a tough time.Fortunately,when he was almost starving, someone bought one of his peasant paintings,which enabled his family to leave for Barbizon.Millet's pictures of peasants at work were painted in a unique way.The painter would go out on the farms and watch them carefully--digging,hoeing,spreading manure,sawing wood,or sowing grain.Then he would come home and paint what he had seen.So astonishingly accurate was his memory that he could paint at home without models and get all the movements of his figures right.When he did need a figure to go by he would ask his wife to pose for him.One of his noted artworks is called"The Sower",which shows a man seeding.He reaches into his bag for seed and then swings backward to scatter the seed,and with each swing of his hand the sower strides forward.In Millet's picture the sower has been working hard,but his swinging step and arm still move smoothly,like a machine.Only the man's head reveals his great tiredness.Another masterpiece is called“The Gleaners."A gleaner is someone picking up the leftover in the field after the wheat harvest.When farmers near Barbizon are extremely badly-off,even the little the gleaners can find is a help.You can see from Millet's picture what back-breaking work gleaning must be.24.What do we know about Millet?A.His wife supported him to be a painter.B.He was keen on painting as a kid.C.He spent his whole life in Barbizon.D.He was brought up in Paris.25.How did he paint the laboring farmers?A.Asking models for help.B.Imagining figures in the field.C.Remembering what he had observed.D.Recalling the days on his father's farm.26.What do Millet's works convey?A.The farmers'hardships.B.The scene of farming.C.His love for the village.D.His anxiety about the farmers.27.What painting style of Millet can be inferred from the text?A.Impressionistic.B.Abstract.C.Romantic.D.Realistic.CThe London Interdisciplinary School(LIS),scheduled to open in2021with a target of admitting100students,will abandon traditional academic subjects and offer a three year bachelor of arts and sciences degree designed to deal with real-world issues.The curriculum is built around interdisciplinary problems--knife crime,childhood obesity,plastic pollution,among others--as well as quantitative and qualitative research skills.Employers like the Met Police and Virgin will provide project ideas and offer five-week work experience for students.“We're going to try and create a really transformational educational experience where all the people in the institution are waking up every morning and saying,‘How can we take these brilliant young people and give them an amazing learning experience?"says Ed Fidoe,a co-founder of the LIS.The idea is similar to a U.S.liberal arts(通识教育)degree but also more specifically focused on multiple subjects-economics,psychology,sociology,statistic,etc.-to solve complex problems like childhood obesity.In other words,the problem,not the subject,sits at the center of the curriculum.The skills students develop,the founders hope,will more closely come into agreement with what an Al-infused,automated world demands:collaboration(协作) between people and machines,critical thinking,speaking and writing sill，and data management, to name just a few things.The challenges of building a new university from scratch are daunting(令人生畏的):students have to sign u for,and pay for,something untested;all the teachers will have to teach in a totally new and different way;and there's a risk that an interdisciplinary curriculum will be interesting but thin.Fidoe says it's a tall order.“Are any17-year-olds going to be crazy enough to come to something that doesn't exist yet against something that's been around for150years?" he says.In the U.K,students apply through an admissions service center,and exam results are more important than anything else.On the contrary,at the LIS,students will instead apply directly during a pre-determined“selection day"where everyone is invited to participate.This day will include a face-to-face interview so that the college can better understand a student's background, motivations,and passions.28.What is the aim of the LIS?A.To provide more and more project ideas for students.B.To take a real-world approach to higher education.C.To help employers to develop the students'skills.D.To conduct qualitative and quantitative research.29.What's special about the curriculum the LIS sets up?A.It is subject-centered.B.It is based on AI technology.C.It centers around social concerns.D.It covers every aspect of society.30.What does the sentence“it's a tall order"underlined in Para.3mean?A.I's interesting to teach in a new approach.B.It's bound to put the curriculum in order.C.I's exciting to take on new challenges.D.I's hard to build the new university.31.What can we learn about the LIS from the last paragraph?A.It pays more attention to exam results.B.It focuses more on the face-to-face interview.C.It emphasizes students'personal experiences and qualities.D.It stresses the importance of is pre-determined“selection day".DInaccessible Island is well named.It is an uninhabited rock in the South Atlantic ocean.Go there,though,and you will find its coast is covered with litter.That has been the experience of Peter Ryan of the University of Cape Town,in South Africa. Since1984Dr.Ryan has been visiting Inaccessible,recording the litter stranded(搁浅)on the island's beaches.This week,he has published the results.Though Inaccessible is indeed remote,the nature of oceanic circulation means that this is exactly the sort of place where floating rubbish tends to accumulate.Dr.Ryan and his colleagues focused on one particular class of litter:bottles.Their definition of a bottle included jars and containers,and things made of metal,glass or polymer.Most,though, were of polyethylene terephthalate,a light plastic.A particular advantage of picking bottles to investigate is that they are often stamped with their country of manufacture.That enabled Dr.Ryan to analyze the history of oceanic littering. He analyzed the proportions of bottles from various geographical sources.In1989the preponderance(优势)of them(67%)was South American.Twenty years later,in2009,bottles made in Asia contributed more or less equally(44%)with South American ones(41%).By2018 the overwhelming(压倒性的)majority(74%)were Asian.This geographical shift speaks volumes.The first sample suggests most liter arriving on Inaccessible had been washed off the land or dropped from coastal shipping--South America being a relatively nearby continent.The other two,with their rising proportions of rubbish from Asia,which is too far from the island for it to have floated there,strongly suggest it was crews' empties being flung from ships.Such littering is banned-which,ironically,came into force in 1989.But evidently a lot of ships'captains do not care.They permit the dumping of rubbish over the side,regardless.32.What leads to liter gathering on Inaccessible Island?A.The natural phenomenon of ocean currents.B.Too many people's activities on the island.C.The litter's floating around the island.D.The island's remote location.33.Why does Dr.Ryan choose bottles as subjects?A.It is easy to analyze them.B.It is possible to figure out their sources.C.There are stamps attached to them.D.They contribute most to oceanic littering.34.What does the underlined word“flung”in the last paragraph mean?A.Cast away.B.Given away.C.Carried out.D.Put out.35.What is the best title for the text?A.Plastic Bottles Washed up on Inaccessible IslandB.Geographical Factors Accounting for More RubbishC.Plastic Pollution Worsening on Remote AtlanticD.A Bottled up Rubbish Problem on Inaccessible Island第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。