2021考研英语：语法长难句的表达解析(49)
2021考研英语：复合长难句的语法解析
2021考研英语：复合长难句的语法解析2021考研英语：复合长难句的语法解析一、锁定谓语动词谓语动词的寻找至关重要，它是句子的核心部分，找到了谓语动词，就能证明有句子存在。
那么如何寻找呢?第一，有时态的动词就一定是谓语。
接下来，顺着谓语动词往前找，如果有引导词存在，说明这个谓语动词所在的句子是个从句，然后可以根据引导词前的单词确定它是什么类型的从句。
比如：A。
如果引导词前是个名词，那就根据情况区别是定语从句还是同位语从句;B。
如果引导词前是实意动词，那就说明这个从句是宾语从句;C。
如果引导词前面是系动词，那就说明这个从句是表语从句;D。
如果其前面是状语从句的引导词，那就说明这是个状语从句。
如果顺着谓语动词往前找，却没有引导词存在，那说明这是主句的谓语动词，那它的前面就是主语，后面就应该是宾语或表语。
This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survivein，Demonstrates 前面没有引导词，它就是主句的谓语动词;is 前有引导词that，且that 前是实意动词，所以这是宾语从句。
二、寻找并列连词常见的并列连词有and， but， yet， or， so， for ，not only...but also… 看到这批单词，一般就有并列结构存在，并且很可能存在着省略问题。
比如：They are the possessions of the autonomous self-governing man of traditional theory，and they are essential to practices in whicha person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements。
2021考研英语：语法长难句的表达解析(13)
Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.这是传说中的主题句，要是能读的懂下面的题就能做的对!What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism[D] Prominent Critics in Memory词汇突破：1.inexorable 不可避免的=inevitable2. art coverage 艺术报道长难句解析：The most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline其他成分： in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage. 定语Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century 状语参考译文：过去的25年间，发生在英文报纸上的所有变化中，影响最为深远的变化可能就是其艺术报道上的范畴和严肃性的不可避免的衰退。
这是传说中的主题句，要是能读的懂下面的题就能做的对!What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers这个选项就是正确选项有同学问：艺术评论只是衰退了啊，不是lost消失啊同学们一定要好好分析选项啊!The Lost Horizon in Newspapers这里的Horizon：景象不是指“艺术评论”，应该是指“艺术评论繁荣”的景象啊。
2021最新考研英语长难句解读(优质)
2021最新考研英语长难句解读(优质)1.Despite attempts by the Chuch to stop suppress this new generation of logicians and rationalists，more explorations for how the universe functioned werebeing made at a rate that people could no longer ignore.解析：句子主干：more explorations were being made at a rate(主+谓+状语，被动语态)。
修饰成分：despite attempts by the Chuch to stop suppress this new generation of logicians and rationalists是短语作句首让步状语，其中to stop suppress this new generation of logicians and rationalists表示目的；for how the universe functioned是介词短语作后置定语，修饰explorations，其中介词for后how the universe functioned是宾语从句，that people could no longer ignore是修饰rate的定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。
翻译：尽管教堂做出许多尝试去压制新一代的逻辑学家和理性主义者，但是更多对于宇宙是如何运作的探索正在以人们难以忽视的速度进行着。
2.Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase'sapere aude'or 'dare to know'.解析：句子主干：Such actions were captured by the Latin phrase'sapere aude'or 'dare to know'. (主+谓+宾，被动语态)修饰成分：to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew是and并列的两个to do 短语作后置定语，修饰actions，其中what information we already knew是动词后面的宾语从句。
2021刘晓燕考研英语语法长难句笔记(名词)
一、成分二、什么是名词性从句三、名词性从句的引导词四、分析（一）写作分析1.主语从句2.同位语从句（二）长难句分析1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句五、修饰名词的成分——定语1. 什么是定语2. 定语的成分3. 定语的位置4. 定语从句一、成分主语、宾语、表语、同位语主语：The movie proves brilliant.宾语：I appreciate the actress.表语：She keeps a ghost.同位语：I enjoy the part,the end.（同位语只能跟在名词后，the part=the end；作文中任何名词的后面都可以再加一个名词作为同位语出现）例句：Over fishing, a universal phenomenon throughout the word, has become increasingly grave under modern conditions.过度捕捞，一个全球普遍现象，已经变得越来越严重了。
二、什么是名词性从句主语从句：The movie proves brilliant.What I saw proves brilliant.宾语从句：I appreciate the actress.I appreciate what she did.表语从句：She keeps a ghost.She keeps who I admire.同位语从句：I enjoy the part, the end.I enjoy the part that she knew the truth.名词在句子中能够充当的成分从句都能充当这就是名词性从句，名词性从句一共包括四类：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句三、名词性从句的引导词例句她已经离婚了是显而易见的She has got divorced is conspicuous.（句子不能做主语）That she has got divorced is conspicuous.她离婚了吗是个秘密Has she got divorced keeps a secret.→whether she has got divorced keeps a secret.她什么时候离婚是个谜When did she get divorced remains a mystery. →When she got divorced remains a mystery.引导词名词性从句的引导词是按照从句的类型分的类，一共把引导词分成三类：that（当从句是陈述句时，并且that在从句中不充当任何成分也没有任何意思）whether（当从句是一般疑问句时，并且whether在从句中不充当任何成分，意思翻译成是否）所有特殊疑问词（当从句是特殊疑问句时）并且英语中所有的从句一定都是陈述句的形式，也就是引导词+主语+谓语的形式练习：练习一：我正在思考外星人存在吗I am wondering whether the allien exists.（宾语从句）（可数名词不能单独使用，a/复数/the；不确定是否可数用the）练习二：他们为什么去西藏离开家乡是一个谜Why they left hometown for Tibet remains a mystery.（可数名词不能单独使用）Why they left their hometown for Tibet remains a mystery.（主语从句）（主系表）练习三：关键是你什么时候有钱呀关键（主语）是（谓语）你什么时候有钱呀（表语）The point seem when wealth will be available for you.（表语从句）available可得到的练习四：有一天你会发现事业、友情、亲情都比爱情重要你（主语）发现（谓语）事业、友情、亲情都比爱情重要（宾语）Someday, you will find that career, kinship and friendship are all more indispensable than romance.（宾语从句）四、分析（一）写作分析1.主语从句主语从句的满分表达就是把主句从句放到句末去，加it做形式主语，主语从句的满分句型可以写在作文中任何一句话的前面用来拉长句子显而易见，众所周知：It keeps common knowledge thatIt looks beyond dispute that（超越争论）It is universally acknowledged thatIt has been widely accepted that我认为：It keeps my perspective that例句：女人总是对的是一个常识That ladies tend to be right keeps common knowledge.→It keeps common knowledge that ladies tend to be right.例句：关于养宠物这个话题已经引起广泛关注了It has been widely accepted that the subject about raising pets has been brought into the limelight.2.同位语从句同位语从句的位置：名词后；句末她的丈夫去世了这个消息传遍了整个村庄The news that her husband passed away has been spread the whole village.→(The news has been spread the whole village that her husband passed away.同位语从句可以放在句末，但作文中不要放在句末)河南人都是骗子这个想法是不正确的The outlook that individuals from henan province tend to be deceivers remains wrong.（outlook/perspective/idea观点，看法）温室里的花朵不能经受风雨这个事实表明我们不应该溺爱孩子The evidence that flowers in the greenhouse fail to endure storms demonstrates that kids should never be spoiled.穿自己的鞋不仅方便而且还确保了一点不用去管别人的感受Wearing my own shoes proves not only convenient but also ensures a point that the feelings of others can be ignored.（二）长难句分析能够快速的识别各个名词性从句，并且把他们通顺的翻译出来1.主语从句只要见到有引导词放在句首，并且从句后没有被逗号逗号隔开就绝对是主语从句，主语从句从句首开始到主句的谓语动词之前结束（前面没有引导词的动词就是主句的谓语动词）除此以外，只要见到it...that通常也是主语从句，主语从句从that开始到句末结束The outlook that individuals from henan province tend to be deceivers remains wrong.（同位语从句）When I saw you, I loved you.（状语从句）引导词在句首，不是主语从句就是状语从句例句：That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute.That the plates are moving主语 is谓语 beyond dispute表语例句：Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expend of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.Whether...versa主语（由whether...or...并列的两个从句共同充当主语） depends on谓语 the issue宾语 of which is seen as the driving force定语政府是应该以技术为代价增加对纯科学的投入还是以纯科学为代价增加对技术的投入通常取决于哪一个被视为驱动力的问题例句：How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability,and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.depends upon谓语；the amount, reliability,and appropriateness宾语；with which it is interpreted定语（定前面所有名词）and+介词+定语upon→on；the skill and wisdom→the amount, reliability,and appropriateness；of the information used→ with which it is interpreted省略了depends以后的行为将会多么准确的证明这些预言取决于所使用的信息的数量、可靠性和适合性并且还取决于解释信息的技巧和智慧例句：It is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical symble in solving problems.that ...problems主句；谓语is agreed；主语从句中：谓语is，主语a person，定语of high intelligence，表语one，修饰one的定语成分who... problems为四个并列的定语从句→who can grasp ideas readily, who can make distinctions, who can reason logically, and who can make use of verbal and mathematical symble in solving problems.众所周知一个高智商的人是一个能够轻易理解思想的人，是一个能够做出辨别的人，是一个能够进行逻辑推理的人，并且还能够使用语言和数学的符号解决问题的人例句：For example, it has long been known that total sleep deprivation is 100％ fatal to rats, yet, upon examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal.主语that ...normal，谓语has been known（has帮助known构成现在完成时，been帮助known完成被动）主语从句之所以这么长是因为由yet并列的两个句子共同充当主语，两个句子均为主系表结构比如说，长期以来众所周知完全的睡眠的剥夺对老鼠来说是百分之一百致命的，但是通过检查这些尸体，这些动物看起来完全正常2.宾语从句只要实义动词的后面有个引导词，就暂定为宾语从句（还可能是状语从句He died when he saw me）She said that she would marry an old rich man.that 可省略，在名词性从句中，只有宾语从句可以省略，作文中不省略，作文为正式文体You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction(归纳法)and deduction(演绎法),that by the help of these operations,they,in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws,and that out of these , by some special skills of their own,they build up their theories.主谓宾宾补You主语，have heard谓语，it宾语，repeated宾补it形式宾语，指代that...你们听说以下的事情被重复吧：科学家们通过归纳法和演绎法进行工作，通过这些操作的帮助，他们成功地抽出从自然中抽出了一些自然法则，在这些自然法则之中，通过他们自己的一些特殊的技能，他们建立起了自己的理论（out of 在...之中，在...之外）This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in.A fact underlined by statistics shows that out of eight European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.（在...之中）3.表语从句只要系动词的后面有个引导词，就一定是表语从句Galileo's greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth.Galileo's greatest glory主语，was谓语，that ...Earth表语从句从句中：he主语，was谓语，the first person表语，to ...planets定语伽利略最伟大的成就是在1609年他是第一个用新发明的望远镜观测天空证明了行星是绕着太阳转的而不是绕着地球转的第一人4. 同位语从句只要名词的后面有个引导词，就暂定为同位语从句（可能性很小）A century ago,Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears.Freud主语，formulated谓语，his revolutionary theory宾语，that ...fears同位语从句从句：dreams主语，were谓语，the disguised shadows表语，of our unconscious desires and fears定语（shadows的定语）一个世纪以前，弗洛伊德解释了他的革命性的理论梦是我们无意识地欲望和恐惧的映射But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.the idea主语，rests on谓语，that ...citizen同位语从句，an understanding+special responsibilities宾语，of the established+of the news media分别为两个名词的定语记者必须要比普通人更深刻的理解法律这种想法取决于对既定风俗的理解和新闻媒体的特殊责任Evidence came up that specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.Evidence主语，came up谓语，同位语从句后置 that ...old六个月大的婴儿能够识别具体的说话的声音这种证据已经出现了五、修饰名词的成分——定语1. 什么是定语只要听到...的+名词，...的就是修饰这个名词的定语成分2. 定语的成分1. 形容词修饰名词那个善良的夜莺失去了他的意志The naive nightingale lost his life.2. 名词修饰名词夜莺的歌声能够使那朵花开放The singing of the nighting enables the rose to bloom.3. 介词短语做定语窗外的夜莺听到了年轻人的感叹The nighting out of the window heard the sigh of the youngster.4. 非谓语动词修饰名词那只唱歌的夜莺死的很悲惨The singing nighting died pitifully.=The nighing to sing died pitifully.5. 从句修饰名词我喜欢王子送给我的珠宝3. 定语的位置前小后大特殊：1. 形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词后something special2. 当过去分词修饰名词的时候即使只有一个单词也通常放在名词后被抛弃的那个男人看起来很可怜The boy discarded looks pitiful这是一个关于夜莺和玫瑰的故事This is a fiction about a nighting and a rose.那个懂爱的年轻人离开了王子的舞会The youngster grasping romance left the party of the prince. 4. 定语从句（1）构成n（先行词）+引导词+句子定语从句修饰名词，名词性从句代替名词（2）引导词定语从句的引导词是按照先行词的种类分的类，一共把引导词分成5类①当先行词是人的时候引导词有：who whom whose②当先行词是物的时候引导词有：that which whose③当先行词是时间的时候引导词有：that which when④当先行词是地点的时候引导词有：that which where⑤当先行词是原因的时候引导词有：that which why名词后面不是定语从句就是同位语从句到底是谁决定了定语从句的引导词I will never forget the day when I met you.（从句不缺主谓宾）that在定语从句中充当关系代词，代替先行词引导定语从句（定从中that与which等同）。
2021考研英语备考：长难句中的否定解析
2021考研英语备考：长难句中的否定解析一、一般否定句I don’t know this. No news is good news. There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house。
二、特指否定He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time.I don’t think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right。
三、部分否定I don’t know all of them. I can’t see everybody/everything. All the answers are not right。
并非所有答案都对。
All is not gold that glitters. 闪光的不一定都是金子。
Both of them are not right。
并非两人都对。
四、全体否定None of my friends smoke. I can see nothing/nobody. Nothing can be so simple as this. Neither of them is right。
五、延续否定You didn’t see him, neither/nor did I. You don’t know, I don’t know either. He doesn’t know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French。
六、半否定句We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing. I know little English. I saw few people。
2021刘晓燕考研英语语法长难句笔记整理(简单句)
一、what is 简单句？二、简单句的分类（一）主谓结构（二）主谓宾（三）主谓表（四）主谓双宾（五）主谓宾宾补三、句子的成分（词性的问题）（一）谓语（二）主语（三）宾语（四）表语一、wｈａt is 简单句?英语必须具备主谓结构,并且主语一定是谓语动作的发出者,如果有宾语，宾语一定是谓语动作的承受者。
试译：我的英语说得很好I spｅaｋEnglish well．我要去剪头A barbｅr ｗill ｃut my hair.二、简单句的分类(一）主谓结构he ｄied；ｗｅ laugh(eｄ)(二）主谓宾谓语：实意动词(三）主谓表谓语：系动词系动词：1.be2.感官动词:look smell taste sｏund feel３.变化:beｃome get4.保持:ｋｅep ｓtａｙ remain（四)主谓双宾(五）主谓宾宾补I bouｇht him a ｄｏg（双宾)It makes hiｍｈappy（宾补）判断双宾还是宾补：二者是否有关系,无关双宾有关宾补;加ｉs是否通顺，通顺为宾补不通为双宾三、句子的成分(词性的问题)（一)谓语有时态的实意动词或系动词充当谓语1.谓语的成分谓语只能是动词,动词只能做谓语,所以我们需要把一句话中所有不做谓语的动词变成不是动词(１）+iｎg主动(２）＋ed被动(3)+to目的2.动词能不能多？绝对不能,一句话中只能有一个动词的存在，并且充当谓语,多余的动词全部变成非谓语动词，所以英语中有了独立主格和分词作状语Ｂeat yoｕ iｓ my faｕlt.→Beaｔing you iｓｍy fault.I enjoy watch TV.→I enjoy wａｔｃｈing TV.Mｙｄrｅam iｓｗatｃｈＴＶ.→My dｒｅaｍ is waｔching TV.My dreaｍ iｓｂeｃome a teａcher.→Ｍy ｄream is becoming a tｅacher．试译：他拍了拍我的肩膀,一句话都没说就离开了He bｅａt my ｓｈoulｄer, ｓayiｎg notｈing, departed.我爱你,你爱我Ｉlｏving ｙoｕ, ｙou love ｍe. （独立主格）（能分清主次，留主要的为谓语;分不清留后面的为谓语)把几句话写成一句话的方法:●独立主格（分词作状语):把多个句子用逗号连接写成一个句子,留一个为谓语,其他变为非谓语动词●并列句:在几句话中加连词●复合句：把最重要的句子留下,其他变为从句冬天来了,春天就不远了Ｗinter apｐroachｉｎg, spring ｗill bｅaround ｔhe ｃornｅr.我是一个老师，我喜欢唱歌Ｉbe ａｔeａｃher， I enｊｏy singｉng.(独立主格)主语一致省略一个主语Ｂe a teachｅr, I enjoy sｉnｇｉng.(分词作状语)3．动词能不能少？绝对不能，当一句话中需要动词而没有动词时，永远都加be动词，并且be动词没有意思Your mｏtｈer mｕsｔ vｅry beａｕtiful．→Your mｏther ｍｕst ｂe verｙbeautiful.Ｉ aｇaiｎst you.→Ｉam agaｉnst(介词） you．谓语总结:一句话中有且只有一个有时态的实意动词或者系动词的存在,并且充当谓语。
2021考研英语：语法长难句之并列句和同位语从句
2021考研英语：语法长难句之并列句和同位语从句摘要：今天介绍的是长难句中并列句和同位语从句的内容，语法的相关内容希望大家重点掌握。
第一部分：并列句一、理论常识由并列连词连接、含有两个或更多主谓结构的句子叫并列句。
表示转折对比关系的并列连词1. but2. yet 但是;尽管如此3. while 而，但是，可是，却表示因果关系的并列连词1. for 因为2. so 因此表示选择关系的连词：or表示并列关系的并列连词1. and 和，同，与，又，并且2. not only ... but also ... 不仅而且3. neither ... nor ... 既不也不4. both ... and ... 既又其他并列连词1. not ... but ... 不是而是2. rather than 而不是;与其宁愿3. when 正当那时，相当于and at that time二、试题举例例句1：In the American economy , the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights , including the right to determine the priceof a product or to make a free contract with another private individual .【重点词汇解析】embrace，v. 拥抱、包含 n. 拥抱;productive，adj. 生产(性)的;contract，n. 合同 v. 订约【参考翻译】在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体自由签定合同的权利。
例句2：In addition , the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation .【重点词汇解析】estimate，vi. 估计、估价 vt. 估计、评价 n. 估计、判断;patent，n. 专利权 vt. 授予专利【参考翻译】另外，有的公司用来鉴定关系的计算机程序或许已经申请了专利保护，并不接受同行评审或外界的评估。
(全)2021考研英语：长难句翻译-真题解析+总结
考研英语：长难句翻译-真题解析+总结真题实战This trend began during the Second World War,when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.结构分析该句子的主干成分是This trend began during the Second World War，后面一个由when引导的定语从句；定语从句中的主干部分是several governments came to the conclusion，后面加一个that引导的同位语从句；同位语从句中，主语和谓语是the specific demands，后面还有一个that引导的定语从句修饰主语；that引导的同位语从句中，谓语部分是cannot generally be foreseen in detail。
所以句子结构比较复杂。
词汇释义trend n. 趋势，倾向specific a. 具体的，详细的establishment n. 建立，机构demand n. 要求，需求come to the conclusion 得出结论scientific establishment 科学机构拆分翻译This trend began during the Second World War,/ /这种趋势开始于第二次世界大战期间when several governments came to the conclusion / /当时，一些国家的政府得出结论that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment / /政府想要对其科研机构提出的具体要求cannot generally be foreseen in detail.通常无法详细的预见参考译文这种趋势开始于第二次世界大战期间，当时，一些国家的政府得出结论：政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常无法详细的预见的。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.
一、长难句解析
Creating a “European identity”is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.
其他部分：1.that respects the different cultures and traditions
That=“European identity”
2. which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent
Which=different cultures and traditions
调整语序：不同的文化和传统构成了连接古老大陆的纽带。
创立一个尊重这些文化和传统的欧洲身份并不是一件简单的任务，这需要作出战略性的选择。
The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.
1.In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their____.
A. experience
B. academic backgrounds
C. career prospects
D. interest
一、长难句解析
正确答案是D
线索句：The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor.
搭配：Gear something to/towards something: to make, change or prepare sth so that it is suitable for a particular purpose. 使与…相适应
“高中生会学习同样的课程，但是我们会试着调整我们的课程以适应他们感兴趣的东西。
”学校的一名老师说道。
正确答案：In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered their interest.
在为高中生传授课程的时候，学校考虑到了这些学生的兴趣。
On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.
一、切分+独立成句
1.Accept A as B 常常被写为 accept as B A
He did not accept the charge as well founded
2.Charge的后置定语：
made by some of his critics
=some of his critics made the charge
3.charge 的同位语：
while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.
二、参考译文
他们的一些批评者指责他：虽然他是个好的观察者，但是却没有推理的能力。
但是他不认为这些指责是有依据的。