焊接英语

一、翻译下列术语（每题3分，共30分）（难度：B）Unit 1 1.焊条，电极___________2. 熔池___________3. 母材___________4. 熔敷金属___________5. 交流电___________6. 焊缝金属___________7. 保护气体___________8. 送丝机___________9. 填充金属___________ 10. 焊丝___________ 11. fit up___________ 12. DCEN___________ 13. DCEP___________ 14.TIG___________ Unit 2 15. 平焊___________ 16. 仰焊___________ 17. 横焊___________ 18. 立焊___________ 19. 熔滴过渡___________ 20. 单面焊___________ 21. 多层焊___________ 22. 封底焊道___________ 23. 焊接缺陷___________ 24. 夹渣___________ 25. 盖面焊道___________ 26. 焊接接头___________ 27. 打底焊道___________ 28. 正接___________ 29. 反接___________ 30. 熔敷速度___________ 31. 碱性焊条___________ 32. 不锈钢___________ 33. 熔深___________ 34. 飞溅___________ 35. root face___________ 36. welding parameter ___________ 37. heat input___________ 38. welding stress___________ 二、用中文翻译下列英文词根或词缀的意思（每题2分，共10分）(难度：A）1.mini-___________ 2. di-_________3. ex-___________4. -ward ___________5. –less ___________6. uni-___________7. pre- ___________8. post- ___________9.–en ___________ 10. –er ___________11. over- ___________ 12. un- ___________ 13. re- ___________ 14. multi- ___________ 15. tri- ___________ 16. micro- ___________ 17. bi- ___________ 18. co- ___________ 19. kilo- ___________20. semi- ___________三、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）(B) （难度：B）Tungsten electrodes for TIG may be pure tungsten, or the combination of tungsten and oxide. Many factors must be considered when we select electrode. One of the main factors is welding current. The welding current will be determined by several factors including type and thickness of base metal, join design, fit-up, position, shielding gas, type of torch, and job quality specifications. The diameter of tungsten electrode needed is often determined by the thickness of the base metal welded and the amperage required to make the weld. And the electrode of a given diameter will have its greatest current carrying capacity with direct current electrode negative, less with AC and the least with direct current electrode positive. In addition, inert gas must be of high purity for welding applications. The required purity is at a level of 99.99%. 6. When we select electrode, one of main factors we should be considered isA. polarityB. currentC. thickness of base metalD. joint design 7. What kind of electrode for TIG? A. the combination of tungsten and oxide B. pure tungsten C. pure tungsten or the combination of tungsten and oxide. D. basic electrode 8. The electrode of a given diameter will have the least current carrying capacity with. A. DCEP B. DCEN C. DC D. AC 9. What is diameter? A. a straight line joining the centre of a circle to its edge B. a straight line that reaches from one point on the edge of a round shape to a point on the opposite edge C. the distance of around a circleD. particular part of a place 10. The required purity of the tungsten electrode for TIG isA. 99%B. 80%C. 100%D. 99.99%(C) （难度：B）For consumable metal arc welding, when we are welding with DCEP, the metal transfer is more uniform and better directed, the arc is more stable, and porosity can be prevented. So for the most common metals, they should be welded with DCEP. But the positive pole of the arc is the hottest, so when using DC and requiring deep penetration in the work, it would be preferable to employ the electrode negative polarity. Polarity is important for TIG welding. When the electrode is negative, it can be cooled. The current carrying capacity of electrode is the highest. So we should select DCEN when welding common metals with TIG welding. When welding aluminum, magnesium and their alloys, we shouldn’t select DCEN, we can select DCEP or AC. Because there is cleaning action of the cathode with DCEP. It can clear away the refractory oxidation film. With AC the cleaning action can take place intermittently on each half-cycles in which the work is negative. 11. When welding common metals with TIG welding, we should selectA. DCENB. ACC. DCD. DCEP 12. If we want to obtain deep penetration, what kind of polarity should we select? A. DCSP B. DCEP C. DCRP D. AC 13. When the electrode is negative, the current carrying capacity isA. the lowestB. the highestC. adequateD. higher 14.is important for TIG welding. A. current B. polarity C. speed D. electrode 15. Why shouldn’t we select DCEN for welding aluminum? A. the current carrying capacity of electrode is the highest B. the electrode can be cooled C. it will take place the cleaning action of the cathode D. it can clear away the refractory oxidation film(D) （难度：C）Welding process must be described in WPS. The welding positions must be described according to AWS term. The base metals and thickness range must be shown. The types and sizes of welding materials must be given. If backing is used, it must be described. If the shielding gas is used, the gas flow rate should be given. A minimum preheat temperature and preheat maintenance temperature should be given as well as interpass temperature. If a post weld heat treatment is used, the temperature range and the time at temperature must be described. A sketch of joint must be drawn and the dimensions marked. The welding currents should be shown as alternating or direct current. If direct current is used, the polarity must be shown. The welding parameters should be presented in tabular form, peening, if used, must be described. And any other pertinent information should be mentioned. 16. If it is pipe, what parameters must be shown in WPS? A. thickness range B. the diameter range C. welding positions D. flow rate 17. If we use shielding gas for welding,must be shown in WPS? A. backing B. diameter of the electrode C. flow rate D. types of the shielding gas 18. If a postweld heat treatment is used,and the time at temperature must be described. A. maintenance temperature B. temperature range C. interpss temperature D. minimum postweld temperature 19. What should we describe in WPS for welding procedure with DC? A. joint design B. diameter of electrode C. polarity D. thickness of base metal 20. How do we describe welding positions in WPS? A. welding current B. type of electrode C. composition of base metal D. AWS(E) O. Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories. His real name was William Sydney Porter. He was born in North Carolina in 1862. As a young boy he lived an excitinglife. He did not go to school for very long, but he managed to teach himself everything he needed to know. When he was about 20 years old, O. Henry went to Texas, where he tried different jobs. He first worked on a newspaper, and then had a job in a bank, when some money went missing from the bank O. Henry was believed to have stolen it. Because of that, he was sent to prison. During the three years in prison, he learned to write short stories. After he got out of prison, he went to New York and continued writing. He wrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there. People liked his stories, because simple as the tales were, they would finish with a sudden change at the end, to the reader’s surprise. 21. In which or der did O. Henry do the following things? a. Lived in New York. b. Worked in a bank. c. Travelled to Texas.d. Was put in prison.e. Had a newspaper Job.f. Learned to write stories. A. e. c. f. b. d.a B. c. e. b. d. f. a C. e. b. d. c. a. f. D. c. b. e. d. a f. 22. People enjoyed reading O. Henry’s stories because A. they had surprise endings B. they were easy to understand C. they showed his love for the poor D. they were about New York City 23. O. Henry went to prison because . A. people thought he had stolen money from the newspaper B. he broke the law by not using his own name C. he wanted to write stories about prisoners D. people thought he had taken money that was not his 24. What do we know about O. Henry before he began writing? A. He was well-educated. B. He was not serious about his work. C. He was devoted to the poor. D. He was very good at learning. 25. Where did O. Henry get most material for his short stories? A. His life inside the prison. B. The newspaper articles he wrote.C. The city and people of New York.D. His exciting early life as a boy. 四、知识应用题。