2022-2023学年辽宁省鞍山市第一中学高三英语第一学期期末质量跟踪监视模拟试题含解析

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．If you can do what you’re weakest ______, you can handle any challenge.A．for B．atC．with D．to2．We must ______ the time that you’ve wasted this afternoon by working late to-night. A．make up for B．make out C．do up D．make up to3．From my point of view, there’s little chance that we will be successful in trying to change the present situation. ________, it is important that we try our best. A．Meanwhile B．OtherwiseC．Therefore D．Nevertheless4．If you see things in a negative light, you will find faults everywhere and problems where there are really ________．A．none B．someC．many D．nothing5．—Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?—Oh, really! I haven’t ________ my mailbox yet.A．examined B．reviewed.C．tested D．checked6．Word came that 30 firefighters gave their lives to our country _______ national property security.A．in exchange for B．in response toC．in terms of D．in contrast with7．—You ought to have made an apology to Tom yesterday evening．—Yes, I know I __ __．A．ought to have B．have to C．should D．must have8．---Do you think Peter is a good partner?--- Not really! There are some things that are not easy to ________ , and his laziness is one.A．put aside B．put up withC．think of D．get along with9．His advice made me happy, but ____others angry.A．making B．to make C．/ D．make10．—Have you heard ____ news that over 10,000 people lost their lives in the earthquake in Japan?—Not yet．What ____ big surprise!A．the; a B．the; / C．/; / D．/; a11．—I say, Harry. What did you say to the laid-off worker just now?—Nothing. I to myself.A．had only talked B．am only talking C．have just talked D．was just talking12．__________him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake. A．Did I persuade B．If I persuadeC．If I should persuade D．Had I persuaded13．I’m tired out．I stayed up the whole night, ______ for my midterm math exam．A．studying B．to study C．to be studying D．studied14．____ the player I came across in the stadium spoke, I hadn’t realized she was foreign.A．Until B．Unless C．Since D．Although15．lt was in December, 2018 ________ Chairman Xi and President Trump met in Argentina.A．when B．thatC．before D．since16．With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters, ________ in China’s major cities these years.A．have sprung up B．sprang upC．had sprung up D．spring up17．—How about going sightseeing this Saturday afternoon?Sorry, I _______ my research report the whole weekend.A．will have written B．will be writingC．have written D．have been writing18．By the time he arrived in Beijing, we _______ there for two days.A．will have stayed B．stay C．have been staying D．had stayed19．Never turn down a job because you think it’s too small. You don’t know _____ it can lead.A．how B．whereC．whether D．what20．The new local law in Nanjing says parents not physically harm young children or expose them to long-term hunger as a punishment.A．can B．shallC．will D．need第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21．（6分）Exercise seems to be good for the human brain, with many recent studies suggesting that regular exercise improves memory and thinking skills. But an interesting new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect —that is, if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise, do our brains respond accordingly? The answer has significant implications for any of us hoping to use exercise to keep our minds sharp throughout our lives.While many studies suggest that exercise may have cognitive benefits, recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effect. So researchers at Florida State University in Tallahassee and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign decided to focus on expectations, on what people anticipate that exercise will do for thinking. If people’s expectations jibe (吻合) closely with the actual benefits, then at least some of those improvements are probably a result of the placebo effect and not of exercise.For the new study, which was published last month in PLOS One, the researchers recruited 171 people through an online survey system, they asked half of these volunteers to estimate by how much a stretching and toning regimens (拉伸运动) performed three times a week might improve various measures of thinking. The other volunteers were asked the same questions, but about a regular walking program.In actual experiments, stretching and toning program generally have little if any impact on people’s cognitive skills. Walking, on the other hand, seems to substantially improve thinking ability.But the survey respondents believed the opposite, estimating that the stretching and toning program would be more beneficial for the mind than walking. The estimates of benefits from walking were lower.These data, while they do not involve any actual exercise, are good news for people who do exercise. “The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobicexercise are not a placebo effect,” said Cary Stothart, a graduate student in cognitive psychology at Florida State University, who led the study.If expectations had been driving the improvements in cognition seen in studies after exercise, Mr. Stothart said, then people should have expected walking to be more beneficial for thinking than stretching. They didn’t, implying that the changes in the brain and thinking after exercise are physiologically genuine.The findings are strong enough to suggest that exercise really does change the brain and may, in the process, improve thinking, Mr. Stothart said. That conclusion should encourage scientists to look even more closely into how, at a molecular level, exercise remodels the human brain, he said. It also should encourage the rest of us to move, since the benefits are, it seems, not imaginary, even if they are in our head.1、Which of the following about the placebo effect is TRUE according to the passage? A．It occurs during exercise. B．It has cognitive benefits.C．It is just a mental reaction. D．It is a physiological response.2、Why did the researchers at the two universities conduct the research?A．To discover the placebo effect in the exercise.B．To prove the previous studies have a big drawback.C．To test whether exercise can really improve cognition.D．To encourage more scientists to get involved in the research.3、What can we know about the research Cary Stothart and his team carried out? A．They employed 171 people to take part in the actual exercise.B．The result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientists.C．The participants thought walking had a greater impact on thinking ability. D．Their conclusion drives scientists to do research on the placebo effect.4、What might be the best title for the passage?A．Is it necessary for us to take exercise? B．How should people exercise properly? C．What makes us smarter during exercise? D．Does exercise really make us smarter?（8分）Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things, 22．from puns (双关语) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke can cause pleasure, a sick one can cause serious harm?Over the centuries, various scholars have attempted to produce a universallyagreed-upon theory of humor. Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感) theory, the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others. Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes. Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory, the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for dirty jokes, less well for most puns.The majority of humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory, the idea that humor arises when there’s a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens. Incongruity has a lot going for it — jokes with unexpected funny lines, for example, fit well. But scientists have found that in comedy, unexpectedness is overvalued.With the goal of developing a new, more satisfactory explanation, I produced “the gentle violation(违背) theory”, the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatening, but is actually OK or safe. A dirty joke, for example, trades on moral or social violations, but it’s only going to get a laugh if the person listening is op en enough to consider the subject OK to talk about. Similarly, puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.And while most humor theories have struggled to account for tickling (挠痒痒), or just avoided the phenomenon altogether, my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter. Tickling involves violating someone’s physical space in a gentle way. People can’t tickle themselves —because it isn’t a violation.1、What is the author’s attitude towards Plato and Aristotle’s theory?A．Critical. B．Approving.C．Uncaring D．Unclear.2、According to Sigmund Freud’s theory, we can infer that ________.A．people will laugh when they see others sufferB．telling dirty jokes is a relief of one’s nervous feelings’C．unexpectedness can explain how humor worksD．tickling doesn’t involve psychological tension3、According to the author, why are some things funny to some people but not to others? A．Because the sense of humor varies greatly from person to person.B．Because people have different expectations for the same thing.C．Because some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart.D．Because people’s understanding of violation is different.4、What is the author’s main purpose of writing this passage?A．To draw people’s attention to the resear ch of humor.B．To criticize people’s misconceptions about humor.C．To explain what exactly causes people to laugh.D．To prove the sense of humor can be developed.23．（8分）Big messaging apps abroadWhile WeChat is China's biggest mobile messaging app,there are many equivalent apps in other countries that offer similar features.WhatsApp (US)Users: more than 300 millionPlatforms: Android,iOS,Windows Phone,BlackBerryFeatures: Text chat,push-to-talk,file sharing,location sharingWith more than 300 million active users,WhatsApp is one of WeChat's biggest competitors.Developed by two ex-Yahoo employees in 2009,WhatsApp originally focused on text chat,but on Aug.6 it also started push-to-talk service.It's noted for its accessibility,ease of use and the absence of adverts.The service is free for the first year,after which $0.99 (6.06 yuan) is charged for a one-year subscription.Kakao Talk (South Korea)Users: more than 100 millionPlatforms: Android,iOS,Windows Phone,BlackBerry and Bada (an operating system developed by Samsung)Features: Text chat,group chat,push-to-talk,group calls,file sharingWith more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries,Kakao Talk is a multi-platform texting applicbtion that allows users to send and receive messages for free.With Kakao Talk,users can message each other one-on-one or in group chats with unlimited numbers of friends.You can also choose from more than 250 animated emoticons and share them with friends.Line (Japan)Users: more than 200 millionPlatforms: Android,iOS,Windows Phone,BlackBerry and PCFeatures: Text chat,group chat,push-to-talk,file sharing,locationsharing,gaming,stickersLine tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries.Apart from text and voice messaging,Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop.In the first quarter of 2013 alone,it made $17 million just from stickers.The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE Game.1、Compared with the other two apps,which of the following features makes Line stand out?A．Group mobile games.B．Free emoticons.C．Free download of the app.D．Text and group chat.2、Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?A．Users can always send and receive messages for free with WhatsApp. B．Users can share files with any of the three apps.C．Kakao Talk frees users from unwanted advertisjments.D．Line ranks first in the list of the most downloaded apps in 52 countries.3、In which part of the newspaper may this article be found? A．Advertisement.B．Economy and Finance.C．Entertainment.D．Science and Technology.24．（8分）After spending the first five years of his life in San Diego, Adam Driver's family packet up and moved to a small town in Indiana, where Adam enjoyed a relatively routine adolescence. Then the horrific events of September 11th made Adam's life become anything but routine.Just a few months following the events, Driver decided to join the United States Marine Corps. He considered 9/11 as being one of the reasons for joining the army, with his desire to leave Indiana providing the rest. He once said,"I'm grateful for having grown up in Indiana, but I needed to go out and the Marine Corps was a nice, stable option." After serving for two and a half years, and just two months before he was sent to Iraq, Driver injured his sternum in a biking accident. After he was healed, he injured it again during military training, which resulted in an honorable medical discharge.After leaving the military, Driver decided to try his hand at acting. At first hestudied close to home at the University of Indianapolis, but after just a year, he transferred to Julliard in New York City. He lived in a tiny apartment in Hoboken, New Jersey apartment while studying drama at a prestigious performing arts conservatory （音乐学院）. Following his graduation in 2009, Driver immediately began appearing in plays, including 2010's Mrs. Warren's Profession.Adam's first major television experience was a guest spot on Law & Order, and was soon followed by a small role in the award-winning film You Don't Know Jack, which was Driver's first experience working with Home Box Office. Then after landing his star-making role on Girls, Driver was cast in a handful of feature films, including 2011's J. Edgar and 2012's Gayby, Not Waving but Drowning and Frances Ha.He'll appear next year in the Coen brother's Inside Llewyn Davis and Steven Spielberg's Lincoln.1、According to the passage one important reason why Adam Driver joined the army was that .A．his father was an army officerB．he wanted to become richC．he thought Indiana was a good place to live inD．he didn't want to live in Indiana2、Adam Driver had to leave the army because .A．he found the life there boringB．his officer disliked himC．his performance in the army was terribleD．his chest was injured3、When did Adam Driver begin to study drama?A．After leaving the army. B．After moving to Indiana.C．When he was in the army. D．After his graduation.4、What does the underlined word "discharge" probably mean in the passage? A．Discomfort B．DismissalC．Retirement D．Discouragement25．（10分）Show Biz Summer 2019Location: Rosewood Center for Family artsImportant Information:● Tuition paid on the first day of class. No tuition refunds(退款).● DCT reserves the right to cancel any class; refunds made for cancellation(取消).● Please accompany student to the first day of class.● Registration begins one-half hour before class time.How To Register:● Mail: fill out the form in this brochure.● Be sure to list the class and group that you want & the dates.126、Which of the following classes suits those who want to be actors?A．Drama Days. B．Acting—Just Acting.C．Laugh Out Loud. D．Summer Scenes.1、It can be inferred from the text that all the four classes _______ .A．are intended only for Grades 1st-2ndB．are all held at Rosewood Center for Family ArtsC．will take place between July and OctoberD．need students to bring a sack lunch and drink each day2、If you want to attend Show Biz Summer 2019, you should be aware that _______ . A．there'll be no refunds in any caseB．tuition must be paid at least before July 2C．registration begins half an hour after class timeD．students had better be accompanied on the first day3、What is the purpose of the text?A．To persuade readers to attend Show Biz Summer 2019.B．To attract readers to attend Summer Scene.C．To earn money from the text.D．To teach readers how to register for Show Biz Summer 2019.4、Where is the text most probably from?A．A brochure. B．An entertainment magazine.C．A guide book. D．A newspaper.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Once upon a time, there was an old man who spread rumors(谣言) that his neighbor was a thief. 1 , the neighbor, a young man, was 2 . Several days later the young man was proven 3 . After being released, the young man felt 4 as be walked to his home. Then he charged the old man with 5 accusing him.In 6 , the old man told the judge, “They were just 7 . and I hadn’t meant to harm anyone.” The judge, before passing 8 on the case, told the old man, “Write all the things you said about him on a piece of 9 . Cut it up and throw the pieces out on the way home. 10 , come back to know the result”.The next day, the judge told the old man, “Before11 the sentence, you will have to go out and 12 all the pieces of the paper that you 13 yesterday”. The old man said, “I can’t do that! The wind must have spread them and I won’t knowwhere to 14 them”.The judge then replied, “The15 way, simple comments may destroy the16 of a man to such an extent(程度)that one is not able to fix it. If you can’t speak17 , of someone, rather don’t say anything.” The old man realized his mistake and asked for 18 , but it was too late.As an old saying go es, “If we are not19 of our mouths, we will be slaves of our words.” So think twice 20 you speak.1、A．After all B．In addition C．As a result D．On the contrary2、A．arrested B．inspected C．witnessed D．challenged3、A．guilty B．innocent C．selfish D．stubborn4、A．nervous B．excited C．proud D．shamed5、A．slightly B．specially C．wrongly D．actually6、A．court B．surprise C．prison D．peace7、A．comments B．facts C．evidences D．questions8、A．explanation B．sentence C．document D．evaluation9、A．leaf B．cloth C．paper D．wood10、A．Immediately B．Tomorrow C．Next week D．Next year11、A．giving B．collecting C．receiving D．refusing12、A．gather B．possess C．mix D．select13、A．handed out B．left out C．wiped out D．threw out14、A．finish B．read C．make D．find15、A．opposite B．simple C．different D．same16、A．mind B．body C．reputation D．ability17、A．ill B．well C．much D．little18、A．forgiveness B．respect C．leave D．relaxation19、A．judges B．directors C．listeners D．masters20、A．after B．before C．while D．unless第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。