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导读：本文大学英语六级选词填空练习(3)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this （36）, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.

To the professional anthropologist (人类学家), there is no intrinsic（37）of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy(等级制度) among languages.

People once thought of the languages of backward groups as （38）and undeveloped forms of speech,consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the（39）

of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or（40 ）structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which41the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however,two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to（42）the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in"backward" languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly（43）and complicated.

This study of language, in turn, （44）a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed（45）, and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.

A．savage

B．superiority

C．conceive

D．transfer

E. identification

F.grammatical

G. reflect

H. reveals

I. numerous

J . independently

K. exclusive

L. casts

M. sense

N. confidentially

O. possess

文化是人类某一特定群体所有传统、风俗、信仰及生活方式的总和。从这种[36]意义上说，每个群体都有一种文化，不管在我们看来，它是多么野蛮、不发达或未开化。

对于专业的人类学家而言，没有哪种文化在本质上比另一种[37]优越，这就像对于专业的语言学家而言。语言之间并没有内在的等级一样。

人们曾经认为落后群体的语言就是[38]野蛮的、不发达的言语形式，主要包括咕哝和呻吟。尽管一般来说，语言有可能是以一系列的咕哝和呻吟的形式开始的，但是，通过对“落后”语言的研究证实，今天没有哪种语言符合这种描述。按照我们的最严格标准来讲，作为[39]传递思想的工具，多数未开化人群的语言极其复杂、缜密，并具有独创性。这些语言在语音模式或[40]语法结构上通常能完全满足语言的所有需求，并不落后于我们西方的语言，比我们落后的只是[41]反映这些说话者所知物体及活动的词汇。然而，即使是在这方面，也有两点值得一提：1．所有语言都[42]拥有拓展词汇的机制，要么是通过将现存词汇组合在一起来拓展，要么是通过从其他语言中借入一些词并将其改造以适应自身体系来实现。2．在这些[43]“落后的”语言中，尽管那些需要名字及区分的物体及活动与我们不同，它们却都经常是多得出奇、复杂得出奇。

对于语言的研究反过来让人们对人类学家的断言——所有的文化都该被[45]独立看待，而不该带着等级观念去看待——[44]有了新的认识。

36．M

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空后面是一个完整的句子，初步判断介词短语inthis——在句中作状语。分析此短语可知，inthis后缺少一个单数名词。

语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有superiority、transfer、identification、sense

四项，而这些名词中可以与inthis构成介词短语的只有sense，inthis sense意为“从这个意义上讲”，符合此处文意，故选M。

37．B

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个单数名词，一则因为前面的谓语是系动词is，二则因为前面的形容词no是用来修饰名词的。

语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有三个：superiority意为“优越性”，transfer 意为“转移；转换”，identification意为“鉴别；身份证明”。本句的大意是“没有哪种文化在本质上比另一种优越”，因此，只有superiority符合文意。

38．A

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个形容词，与并列的形容词undeveloped共同修饰后面的名词forms。

语义判断：符合上述语法条件的形容词有四个：savage意为“野蛮的”，9rammatical 意为“语法的”，numerous意为“许多的”，exclusive意为“单独的”。把这四项代入原文后可知savage比较贴合文意。

39．D

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空位于介词短语forthe__________ofideas之中。分析此短语可知，该空缺少一个名词。

语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有transfer和identification两个，只有transfer 与后面的0fideas构成的短语transfer ofideas(传递思想)符合这里的语义表达，故选D。

40．F

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空所处的位置是not…or…并列结构，intheir 省略掉了，因此，此处缺少一个与其前面的sound形成并列关系的名词或形容词，来修饰后面的structures。

语义判断：结合前面38题的“语义判断”，可知只有形容词grammatical(i吾法的)符合这里的语义表达，修饰后面的structures，表示“语法结构”，故选F。41．G

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空所处的句子是一个which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的名词vocabularies，该空应填入一个复数的谓语动词。

语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有conceive(构想)、reflect(反映)和possess(拥有)三个。结合此处文意“反映这些说话者所知物体及活动的词汇”，可知reflect 为正确答案。

42．O

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个动词原形，构成seemtodo sth．这一常用表达。

语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有conceive和possess两个。结合语境，本句的大意是“所有语言都拥有拓展词汇的机制”。因此possess为正确答案。43．I

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个形容词作表语，和complicated并列。

语义判断：结合前面38题和40题的“语义判断”，并结合此处文意“多得出奇”，可知应填入numerous。故选I。

44．L

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个动词，且应为第三人称单数形式，因为前面的主语是this study。

语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有casts(投射；铸造)和reveals(揭示)两个。结合语境，本句的大意是“对于语言的研究反过来让人们对人类学家的断言有了新的认识”，因此，只有casts符合。cast anewlight on／upon意为“使人们对……

有新的认识”。

45．J

语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空前是一个完整的主系表结构的句子，判断该空应填入一个副词来修饰前面的动词view。

语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有independently和confidentially两个。结合语境，本句的大意是“所有的文化都该被独立看待”，可知independently为正确答案，故选J。

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