准确率100%的倒车入库方法
SY100S351JC,SY100S351JC TR,SY100S351JZ TR,SY100S351JC,SY100S351JC TR, 规格书,Datasheet 资料

Min.
Max.
Min. 700
Max. —
Min. 700
Max. —
Min. Max. Unit Condition 700 —
M9999-060910 hbwhelp@ or (408) 955-1690
芯天下--/
1
Rev.: I
Amendment: /0
Issue Date: June 2010
Micrel, Inc.
SY100S351
PACKAGE/ORDERING INFORMATION
Set-up Time 500 D0–D5 500 — 500 — 500 1000 MR (Release Time) 1000 — 1000 — 1000 Hold Time, D0–D5 550 1000 Pulse Width HIGH CPa, CPb, MR 550 1000 — — 550 1000 — — 550 1000
NOTE: 1. H = High Voltage Level L = Low Voltage Level X = Don't Care t = Time before CP Positive Transition t+1 = Time after CP Positive Transition u = LOW-to-HIGH Transition
700 Toggle Frequency
MHz 1200 ps Propagation Delay — 1200 — 1200 — 1200 CPa, CPb to Output 1200 Propagation Delay MR to Output Transition Time 300 900 20% to 80%, 80% to 20% — 300 1200 900 — 300 1200 900 — 300 ps 1200 ps 900 ps — — — — ps ps
400DS目录DS

前言ZDJ—400DS滴定仪为单片机控制的高精度分析仪器,它集电位滴定仪、卡氏微量水分测量仪,可提供精确度高、重复性好的测量结果。
本滴定仪可连接打印机,输出滴定结果。
也可通过原始数据、曲线描述滴定过程;可通过计算机进行全面监控并进行软件版本升级及方法下载。
本滴定仪用于等当点滴定水分测定及溶液的pH值测量。
可完成化学分析中的酸碱滴定、氧化还原滴定、络合滴定、沉淀滴定等。
本滴定仪组装简便,具有独立的滴定台,恒温水浴装置,馈液系统,选择相应配件可完成电位滴定、卡氏微量水分测定等试验;可通过更换装有不同滴定剂的滴定管快速进行各种滴定,并可存储多种滴定方法。
声明本说明书著作人依中华人民共和国著作权法享有保留一切著作权的专属权利。
未经著作人的事前同意,不得就本手册的部分或全部从事增删、改编、节录、翻印或仿制的任何一切行为。
本说明书的内容,仅在于说明ZDJ-400DS全自动多功能滴定仪的使用方法。
本手册虽经详细检查及校对,仍可能发生文字错误与技术描述疏漏的情况,恳请使用者及同行不吝赐教指正。
安全提示在使用ZDJ-400DS全自动多功能滴定仪时请遵守以下安全措施。
保护措施——必须肯定提供的电源线插头插入接地的插座!没有接地,可能发生触电等危险。
请务必使用随本仪器所附赠的电源线或电源变压器,而不要用其它任何电源线或变压器替代使用。
——请将本仪器放置在稳定的工作环境中,切勿在有爆炸危险的环境中工作!仪器外壳并不密封(爆炸可能由火花引起,气体浸入将造成腐蚀)。
——经常检查滴定容器是否稳固!在内盛有毒滴定剂、溶剂或强酸强碱液的滴定容器跌落时会对您造成伤害。
经常检查馈液管滴定头处有无堵塞,以免导致滴定管损坏。
——使用化学品和溶液,应按遵循生产商的说明书和通用实验安全规范!——在清理本仪器时,请将插头拔下。
切勿自行拆卸本仪器主要控制设备。
——如有下列情况,请专业人员来操作:a、当电源线或插头已损坏或磨损时b、液体腐蚀仪器c、当您遵循操作指示操作本仪器,而本仪器无法正常运行时,请勿擅自拆卸本仪器各控制箱,须请专业维修人员d、本仪器呈现出明显的异常现象操作安全措施——仪器必须由生产公司维修部门维修!——溅出的液体需立即擦拭掉!本仪器并不防水。
ATA100技术谈

AT A100技术谈A TA100的原理现在市面上的硬盘主要为IDE接口的产品,IDE接口是由康柏、西部数据等厂商共同开发的硬盘控制接口,在1989年由ANSI(美国标准协会)认可为A TA 标准。
随着计算器整体性能的提高,A TA逐步发展到A TA33、ATA66等标准。
由于其技术成本低,性能相对较高,因此在个人桌面计算机上得到了广泛应用。
同A TA66硬盘接口技术比较,ATA100可以让控制器与硬盘之间以100MB/s 的传输率进行数据交换,它不仅能提高硬盘数据传输率,同时还能够减轻硬盘数据缓存的负担。
与A TA66硬盘接口技术类似的是,ATA100仍使用与ATA66相同的40针IDE接口,不过由于其突发数据传输率高,有可能使硬盘在数据传输中出现电磁串扰的现象,因而它另外提供了40根地线以供屏障保护。
因此新的A TA100接口硬盘传输线由80根导线组成,但使用传统的40针连接线,以向下兼容老式A TA33、A TA66接口的设备。
此外,为了保护数据的完整性,A TA100同时也采用CRC(循环冗余校检)技术来检查数据传输的错误。
其原理是在每个数据块中加入一个FCS(帧检查序列),FCS包含了数据块的详细信息,专门用于测试发送及接收数据的正确性,如果发现问题可立即纠正。
由于它具有占用CPU资源少、检测准确等优点,因而被越来越多的厂商所采用。
A TA100的可行性IDE接口发展到A TA100这一标准对于硬盘整体速度的提升仍然不是十分明显,其原因是现在IDE硬盘的数据传输系统的瓶颈存在于硬盘本身。
A TA100虽然大大提高了硬盘的外部传输率,但硬盘内部传输率这个重要的瓶颈问题没有得到解决,虽然其外部传输率达到了理论上的100MB/s,但现在主流IDE硬盘的内部传输率多为33MB/s以下,就连最新的IBM腾龙Ⅱ代和希捷酷鱼Ⅱ内部传输率在理论上也只有44MB/s左右,这就需要对硬盘本身的物理内部传输率速度进一步改进,才能更有效地提升硬盘的整体速度。
BT100 Bass Amplifier用户指南说明书

BT100 BASS AMPLIFIER USER’S GUIDEIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3The Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4,5The Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Some Suggested Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6System Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .back cover2Congratulations!You are now the proud owner of the Crate BT100 Bass Amplifier. The BT100 features two different channels: a distortion channel, featuring Crate’s exclusive Shape control for quick and easy access to the tone you need, and a clean channel with a four-band rotary EQ. Another unique and valuable feature of this amplifier is the Octave control. This feature electronically creates a second signal that is one octave lower than the original signal. An active electronic tuner, conveniently located on top of the amplifier, allows you to get in tune and stay in tune “on the fly.” The Mute switch allows you to tune in silence without changing the channel Level controls. A built-in Limiter keeps your sound clean even at full output power levels, and front panel jacks are provided for connecting a CD player and a pair of headphones, thereby optimizing your practice time.Like all Crate products, your BT100 is designed by musicians and built using only the best components. Extensive testing at the hands (and ears) of skilled technicians and musi-cians insures you that this amplifier is the absolute best it can be.In order to get the most out of your new bass amp, we urge you to check out the infor-mation in this manual before you begin playing.And thank you for choosing Crate.Declaration Of Conformity#34, Effective 01-01-2001Manufacturer’s Name:SLM ElectronicsProduction Facility:1901 Congressional Drive, St. Louis, MO 63146, USAProduction Facility:700 Hwy 202 W, Yellville, AR 72687, USAShipping Facility:1400 Ferguson Ave., St. Louis, MO 63133, USAOffice Facility:1400 Ferguson Ave., St. Louis, MO 63133, USAProduct Type:Audio AmplifierComplies with the following Standards:Safety:EN60065, E60065, C22.2, UL6500 and/or UL813EMC:Directive 89/336/EEC, EN55103, EN55013, EN61000,and/or FCC 47CFR 15B clASupplementary information provided by:SLM Electronics - R & D Engineering1901 Congressional Drive, St Louis, MO 63146, USATel.: 314-569-0141, Fax: 314-569-0175341. INPUT:Use this 1/4” jack to connect your bass to the amplifier by means of a shielded instrument cable.2. -15dB/0dB:Use this switch to match the output signal level of your instrument to the amplifier. If your instru-ment has standard pickups, setting the switch to the 0dB position (switch in the out position) should yield the best results. If your bass has active electronics or high output pickups, set the switch to the -15dB position (switch depressed).3. MUTE:This switch, when depressed, interrupts the signal prior to the power amplifier, allowing you to tune your instrument in silence.4. GAIN:Use this control to adjust the amount of distortion for the Distortion channel. As you rotate the control clockwise the amount of distortion increases.NOTE:The BT100 employs an internal noise gate on the Distortion channel to keep residual noise to a minimum.The Clean channel’s Level control (#8) must be turned up above “0” in order for the noise gate to trigger proper-ly. The Gain control (#4) and input signal level also affect the noise gate.5. SHAPE:Use this control to adjust the tone of the Distortion channel, from a studio “V”-shaped tone to a more “live,” more present sound.6. LEVEL:Use this control to adjust the output level of the Distortion channel.7. CHANNEL SWITCH:Use this switch to select either channel. With the switch in the out position, the Clean channel is selected. When the switch is depressed, the Distortion channel is selected. The adjacent LED illumi-nates when the Distortion channel is selected. NOTE:When using a footswitch: when this switch is depressed,the footswitch switches between the Distortion channel and the Clean channel; when this button is in the out posi-tion, the Clean channel is always active, and the footswitch turns the Distortion channel on and off, allowing you a blend of both channels.8. LEVEL:Use this control to adjust the output level of the Clean channel, and as part of the Octave level control (see #13).9. LOW:Use this control to adjust the low frequency output of the Clean channel.10. LOW MID:Use this control to adjust the lower-midrange frequency output of the Clean channel.11. HIGH MID:Use this control to adjust the upper-midrange frequency output of the Clean channel.12. HIGH:Use this control to adjust the high frequency output of the Clean channel.13. OCTAVE:The BT100 features internal circuitry which creates a second signal which is one octave lower than the input signal. Use this control in conjunction with the Clean channel’s Level control (#8) to adjust the level of the octave signal.14. MASTER:Use this control to adjust the overall output level of the amplifier.15. LIMIT LED:This LED illuminates when the internal limiting circuit is active. Occasional flashing during play-ing is normal. If the Limit LED remains illuminated, reduce the output level of the amplifier until the LED flashes.16. CD INPUT:Use these RCA jacks to connect the line level (or headphones) output of a CD player, tape deck or rhythm machine to the amplifier. The signal level from these jacks is adjusted by the Master control (#14). If the signal from the source connected to these jacks is too strong, use the output level control on the source to adjust the signal to obtain the proper level for a good mix.17. HEADPHONES:Use this jack to listen to the amplifier through a pair of stereo headphones. The internal speaker is disconnected when the headphones jack is used. To avoid possible damage to your hearing, do not use headphones for extended periods of time at extremely loud listening levels.The Front Panel:518. POWER:Use this switch to turn the amplifier on and off. The adjacent LED illuminates when the amplifier is turned on.19. ELECTRONIC TUNER (top panel, not shown):This active electronic tuner is on whenever the amplifier is turned on, allowing you constant, “real-time” tuning. The tuner is fully chromatic – use the flat and sharp indica-tors until the LED between them illuminates, indicating proper tuning.The Rear Panel:20. AC LINE CORD (not shown):The grounded power cord should only be plugged into a grounded power out-let that meets all applicable electrical codes and is compatible with the voltage, power, and frequency require-ments stated on the rear panel. Do not attempt to defeat the safety ground connection.21. EXTERNAL SPEAKER:Use this jack to connect the amplifier to an external speaker cabinet. This jack is wired in series with the internal speaker, which remains active when this jack is used. A 4 ohm external speaker cabinet is recommended.22. FOOTSWITCH:Connect a two-button footswitch (such as the Crate CFS-2) here for remote control of the channel selection/“blend” (see #7) and octave on/off. (When the Channel Switch [#7] is depressed, the footswitch switches between the Clean channel and the Distortion channel; when the switch is in the out position, the Clean channel is always active, and the footswitch turns the Distortion channel on and off, allowing you a blend of both channels.)23. EFFECTS LOOP SEND:Use this jack to connect an external signal processor to the amplifier by means of a shielded signal cable. Connect the other end of this cable to the input jack of the external processor.24. EFFECTS LOOP RETURN:Use this jack to connect an external signal processor to the amplifier by means of a shielded signal cable. Connect the other end of this cable to the output jack of the external processor.25. BALANCED LINE OUT:Use this XLR jack to send a balanced line level signal to an external power amplifi-er, mixing board, or recording console.26. PRE/POST:Use this switch to determine whether the Balanced Line Out signal is Post-EQ (switch depressed)or Pre-EQ (switch in the out position).27. GROUND LIFT:This switch, when depressed, lifts the ground connection at the Balanced Line Out jack (#25).This may help reduce hum in the Balanced Line Out signal.28. VOLUME: Use this control to adjust the signal level at the Balanced Line Out jack (#25).POSTGND67BUFFEREQNOISE GATETUNERA BC D EF GSHAPEOCTAVEBALANCED EFFECTS BLENDEXTERNAL SENDPHONESPOWER SPEAKERATTENUATORRETURN SWITCHING CIRCUITRYBT100 Technical Specifications:Specifications subject to change without notice©2003 ST. LOUIS MUSIC, 1400 FERGUSON, ST. LOUIS, MO. 6313347-673-01 • 012904。
TS100迷你烙铁操作手册

从30℃升温至300℃ 所需最快时间
40s
20s
15s
11s
5
4
使用方法
4 . 1安装T S 1 0 0
1、松开烙铁头固定螺丝,将烙铁头连接端插入连接口并锁紧螺丝; 2、将接地线连至接地固定螺丝; 3、将DC头连接至TS100,然后接好电源适配器,最后按照提示开机。 注意:通电后,TS100提示Sen-Err,表示烙铁头未装牢固,请重新安装烙铁头。
等待状态下的温度
T_Work (工作温度)
烙铁工作温度
Wait_Time (休眠时间)
从静止工作到休眠状态的 时间
Idle_Time (待机时间)
休眠状态下进入待机 所用时间
T_Step
选1时,按1,2,5,25步长步进
(温度递进)
选5-25时,按设置步长步进
200℃ 300℃ 180秒 360秒
10
10.0
TS-D24
5.3烙铁头保 养
45 ° 15.0
TS-K
45° 11.5
TS-BC2
10.0
TS-B2
(1)关机停用前在烙铁头沾锡面加适当量的锡,在焊接前擦试。 (2)不要让烙铁头长时间停留在过高温度,避免干烧。 (3)在焊接时,不要给烙铁头加以太大的压力摩擦焊点,这样会使烙铁头受损表面已氧化不沾锡,视需要可以用600~800目的金钢砂布小心摩擦并用乙丙醇或
目录
! 警告:可能伤及自己或他人的情况 ! 小心:可能损坏您的设备或其他设备的情况
注 意:注 释 、 使 用 提 示 或 附 加 信 息
1 安全声明 P1
2 概览 P3
4 使用方法 P6
3 电源选择 P5
5 烙铁头 P14 6 常见问题处理 P16
AX-100数字多功能仪说明书

DIGITALMULTIMETERAX-100BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG1. Sicherheitshinweise1. Die Messeingangswerte dürfen nicht die jeweiligen Grenzwerte überschreiten.2. Beim Messen der Spannungswerte über 36V VDC / 25V ACV überprüfen Sie den korrekten Anschluss und Isolation der Messleitungen, um Stromschlag zu vermeiden.3. Während Umschaltung eines Messbereiches oder einer Messfunktion halten Sie die Messleitungen von der gemessenen Schaltung fern.4. Bei der Widerstandsmessung darf keine Spannung am Eingang eingespeist werden.2. Technische DatenGenauigkeit: ±(% des abgelesenen Messwertes + Anzahl der Ziffern)Umgebung: (23±5)°C, relative Luftfeuchtigkeit <75%. Garantie 1 Jahr ab Herstelldatum.2.1 DCVBereich Genauigkeit Auflösung 200 mV 100 uV 2 V1 mV 20 V 10 mV 200 V ±(0.5%+4)100 mV 600 V ±(1.0%+5)1 VEingangsimpedanz: 10 M Ω an allen Messbereichen.2.2 ACVBereich Genauigkeit Auflösung 200V100 mV 600V±(1.2%+10)1VEingangsimpedanz: 1 M Ω. Frequenzgang: (40 ~ 200) Hz2.3 DCABereich GenauigkeitAuflösung 20 uA 0,01 µA 200 uA 0,1 µA 2 mA 1 µA 20 mA 10 µA 200 mA ±(1.5%+3)100 µA 10A±(2.0%+5) 10 mAMaximaler Eingangsstrom: 10 A (maximal 6 Sekunden) Überlastungsschutz: Sicherung 0,2 A/250 V; 10 A/250 V.2.4 WiderstandBereich Genauigkeit Auflösung 200 Ω ±(0.8%+5) 0,1 Ω2 k Ω 1 Ω20 Ω 10 Ω200 k Ω ±(0.8%+3) 100 Ω 20 M Ω ±(1.0%+15) 10 k ΩÜberlastungsschutz: 250 V DC/AC SpitzenwertAchtung: im 200Ω-Bereich schließen Sie zuerst die Spitzen der Messleitungen kurz, um denWiderstand der Messleistungen zu ermitteln. Dann subtrahieren sie den ermittelten Wert von dem Ergebnis der eigentlichen Messung.2.5 Diodentest und DurchgangsprüfungBereich Displayanzeige TestbedingungenSpannungsabfall an der Diode in der Durchlassrichtung DCA in Durchgangsrichtung beträgtca. 1 mA Spannung in Sperrrichtung beträgt ca.3 VDer Summer ertönt lang beimWiderstand kleiner als (70±20) Ω Die Leerlaufspannung beträgt ca. 3 VÜberlastungsschutz: 250 V DC/AC Spitzenwert2.6 DC-Spannungsmessung1. Schließen Sie die schwarze Messleitung an die …COM“-Buchse und die rote Messleitung andie …V/Ω“-Buchse an.2. Schalten Sie den Messbereich-Drehschalter auf den Messbereich DCV um und schalten Siedie Messleitungen parallel zu dem zu messenden Kreis. Am LCD-Display erscheint die Polarität und der Wert der gemessenen Spannung in Bezug auf die rote Messleitung.Achtung :1. Wenn Ihnen der voraussichtliche Messwert der Spannung unbekannt ist, stellen Sie denRegler auf den höchsten Messbereich. Dann wählen Sie einen entsprechenden Messbereich je nach dem angezeigten Messwert.2. Wenn am Display ein …1“-Symbol angezeigt wird, ist der Messbereich überschritten. AmRegler muss ein höherer Messbereich eingestellt werden.3. Versuchen Sie niemals, Spannungswerte über 600 V zu messen. Dass kann sowohl denStromkreis, wie auch das Messgerät beschädigen.4. Berühren Sie keine stromführende Kreise während der Messung.2.7 AC-Spannungsmessung1. Schließen Sie die schwarze Messleitung an die …COM“-Buchse und die rote Messleitung andie …V/Ω“-Buchse an.2. Schalten Sie den Messbereich-Drehschalter auf den Messbereich ACV um und schalten Siedie Messleitungen parallel zu dem zu messenden Kreis.Achtung:1. Wenn Ihnen der voraussichtliche Messwert der Spannung unbekannt ist, stellen Sie denRegler auf den höchsten Messbereich. Dann wählen Sie einen entsprechendenMessbereich je nach dem angezeigten Messwert.2. Wenn am Display ein …1“-Symbol angezeigt wird, ist der Messbereich überschritten. AmRegler muss ein höherer Messbereich eingestellt werden.3. Versuchen Sie niemals, Spannungswerte über 600 V (eff.) zu messen. Dass kann sowohlden Stromkreis, wie auch das Messgerät beschädigen.4. Berühren Sie keine stromführende Kreise während der Messung.2.8 DC-Strommessung1. Schließen Sie die schwarze Messleitung an die …COM“-Buchse und die rote Messleitung andie …V/Ω“-Buchse (maximal 200 mA) oder an die …10 A“-Buchse an (maximal 10 A).2. Schalten Sie den Messbereich-Drehschalter auf den Messbereich DCA um und schalten Siedie Messleitungen in der Reihe mit dem zu messenden Kreis. Am LCD-Display erscheint die Polarität und der Wert des gemessenen Stroms in Bezug auf die rote Messleitung. Achtung:1. Wenn Ihnen der voraussichtliche Messwert des Stroms unbekannt ist, stellen Sie den Reglerauf den höchsten Messbereich. Dann wählen Sie einen entsprechenden Messbereich jenach dem angezeigten Messwert.2. Wenn am Display ein …1“-Symbol angezeigt wird, ist der Messbereich überschritten. AmRegler muss ein höherer Messbereich eingestellt werden.3. Der Maximalwert des Eingangsstroms beträgt 200 mA oder 10 A (je nach der Buchse, an diedie rote Messleitung angeschlossen ist). Beim größeren Messwert des Stroms wird dieinterne Sicherung durchgebrannt. Wenn während der Messung kein Messwert auf demDisplay erscheint, ist die Sicherung zu überprüfen.2.9 Widerstandsmessung1. Schließen Sie die schwarze Messleitung an die …COM“-Buchse und die rote Messleitung andie …V/Ω“-Buchse an.2. Schalten Sie den Messbereich-Drehschalter auf den entsprechenden Messbereich desWiderstands um und schalten Sie die Messleitungen parallel zu dem zu messendenWiderstand.Achtung:1. Wenn der Messwert des Widerstands den jeweiligen Messbereich überschreitet, erscheintam Display eine …1“-Anzeige. Am Regler muss dann ein höherer Messbereich eingestelltwerden. Wenn der gemessene Widerstand größer als 1 M Ω ist stabilisiert sich die Anzeigeerst nach wenigen Sekunden, was bei der Messung größerer Widerstandswerte normal ist.2. Wenn zwischen den Messleitungen keine elektrische Verbindung besteht, erscheint amDisplay eine Anzeige des überschrittenen Messbereiches.3. Wenn Sie Widerstände innerhalb eines Stromkreises messen, stellen Sie sicher, dass dieStromversorgung des Schaltkreises abgeschaltet ist und alle Kondensatoren voll entladensind.4. Der Eingang soll während der Widerstandsmessung niemals mit Fremdspannungeingespeist werden, da das Messgerät in diesen Bereichen gegen solcher Spannunggesichert ist.2.10 Diodentest1. Schließen Sie die schwarze Messleitung an die …COM“-Buchse und die rote Messleitung andie …V/Ω“-Buchse an )die Polarität der roten Messleitung ist positiv).2. Schalten Sie den Messbereichschalter in die Stellung …“ um und schließen Sie dieMessleitungen an die gemessene Diode an. Die rote Messleitung soll an die Anodeangeschlossen werden. Die Anzeige am Display informiert Sie über dem ungefähren Wertdes Spannungsabfalls in der Durchgangsrichtung.2.11 DurchgangstestSchalten Sie den Messbereichschalter in die Stellung …“ um und schließen Sie die Messleitungen an zwei Punkte des zu messenden Kreises an. Der interne Summer ertönt bei dem Widerstand kleiner als (70±20) Ω.3. Batterie wechselnAchtung: Der Batteriezustand ist stets zu beachten.Die Batterie muss erneut werden,wenn am Display folgende Anzeige erscheint: …“.Schritte:1. Schrauben Sie den Batteriedeckel ab.2. Entnehmen Sie die alte 9V-Batterie aus dem Gerät und tauschen Sie diese durch eine neue Batterie aus.3. Montieren Sie und schrauben den Batteriedeckel fest.Austausch der Sicherung (nur bei einer abgeschalteten Spannungsversorgung durchzuführen).1. Schrauben Sie den Batteriedeckel ab.2. Nehmen Sie die Batterie heraus und öffnen Sie den Deckel an der Rückseite.3. Es soll eine parametergleiche Sicherung verwendet werden.Für jegliche Unfälle und Gefahren durch unsachgemäßen Gebrauch des Messgerätesübernehmen wir keine Verantwortung.Die in dieser Anleitung beschriebene Funktionsweise des Messgerätes stellt kein Grund zu speziellen Anwendungen des Messgerätes dar.。
软盘、光盘、硬盘克隆一个也不少

软盘、光盘、硬盘克隆一个也不少
佚名
【期刊名称】《《电脑知识与技术-经验技巧》》
【年(卷),期】2004(000)004
【总页数】3页(P13-15)
【正文语种】中文
【相关文献】
1.软盘"五笔字型"字库硬盘化及其单软盘启动 [J], 杨润华
2.光盘游戏也玩"乾坤大挪移"--把光盘游戏复制到硬盘上玩 [J],
3.利用光盘镜像硬盘塔实现光盘数据库上网 [J], 朱良杰
4.用大容量硬盘模拟光盘阵列的简易做法及其在MEDLINE光盘检索中的应用 [J], 李乐阳
5.建设一个有硬盘无软盘的NOVELL网工作站 [J], 韩学润;高宇澄
因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
ESCOLA 100 三体科学物理仪表说明书

3B SCIENTIFIC ® PHYSICSInstruction sheet12/16 SD/JS1 Display with mirror scale2 Slotted screw for zero calibration3 Calibration trimmer for setting centre zero point4 Rotary switch to select the measurement range5 Four-way switch6 Voltage measurement socket7 Current measurement socket for up to 3 A and for continuity tests8Current measurement socket for up to 10 A 9Safety ground socketThe ESCOLA 100 is an electronic meter with a mirrored dial for measurements of current and voltage involving analogue techniques for use in training, education and work placements.The meter can handle measurements of current and voltage values up to 10 A or 600 V and also allows the zero point to be set up in the centre of the scale for measurement of DC quantities and for continuity tests featuring an acoustic signal. AC quantities with frequencies of up to 40 kHz can be measured. All the possible measuring ranges can be selected by means of a single rotary switch.The device is protected by a fuse and authorised for measurements on wiring installations in (CAT III), e.g. in distribution boxes/consumer units. The current measuring ranges are resistant to long-term overloading up to 10 A. Generous protection of all the current ranges by means of semiconduc-tor circuit breakers prevents the fuse blowing un-intentionally in many cases.Switching between measuring ranges does not break any circuits connected to the equipment. This means it is possible to carry out measure-ments on voltage converters, for example, without causing induction surges. Resistance R , conduct-ance G, impedance Z and admittance Y can easily be determined as quotients of current and voltage measurements thanks to the non-interrupting switch capability without the need to change the wiring.The analogue multimeter conforms to safety regu-lations for electrical measurement, control and la-boratory equipment, as specified in DIN EN 61010-1, protection class 2 and to measuring category CAT III for up to 600 V. The nominal voltage be-tween the phase conductors and the neutral for voltage and current measurements (in circuits di-rectly connected to mains electricity) must not ex-ceed 600 V in order to conform to CAT III.The meter is intended for measurements within its measuring ranges and in a measuring environ-ment as described in detail in the course of this manual. Safe operation of the multimeter is guar-anteed if it is solely used as specified. Safety can-not be guaranteed, however, if the multimeter is used incorrectly or handled without due care and attention. In order to avoid serious injury due to cur-rent or voltage shocks, the following safety instruc-tions are to be observed at all times.The multimeter may only be used by persons who are able to recognise the risks of contact and take due precautions to avoid them. Voltages in excess of 33 V AC (RMS) or 70 V DC are to be regarded as actively dangerous if the current, charge or en-ergy stored should exceed certain values (see DIN EN 61010-1).∙Carefully read the instruction manual before using the multimeter and obey the instruc-tions therein.∙The multimeter may only be used in a dry, dust-free environment with no risk of explo-sions occurring.The assumption needs to be made that unfore-seen voltages may be present in the vincinity of objects being measured (e.g. faulty equipment). ∙Before using the multimeter, check the hous-ing and measuring leads for damage and if there should be any malfunctions or visible damage, the multimeter is not to be used. Pay specific attention to the insulation for the measuring sockets.∙The multimeter may not be used to make measurement on circuits which exhibit corona discharge (high voltage).∙Particular care is to be taken when making measurements on high-frequency circuits where dangerous voltages may arise due to superimposition of components.∙The authorised measuring range is not to be exceeded. If measurements are made when the magnitude of the variable is unknown, al-ways select a large measuring range before shifting down to lower ones. ∙Make very sure that the voltage value be-tween the measured contact and earth or be-tween the ground socket and the measure-ment socket does not exceed 600 V.∙Before using the analogue multimeter to check that a voltage source is not exhibiting any actual voltage, check that the meter is working properly by selecting the battery test function.∙When measuring current, make sure the elec-tricity is turned off before the analogue multi-meter is connected into the circuit.∙When making measurements, always con-nect the ground lead first. Disconnect the sig-nal measurement lead before unplugging the ground.∙Turn off the multimeter before opening the casing, disconnect the power to the circuit and the measuring leads from the multimeter.∙If measurements are made where there are any risks of coming into contact with electric-ity, a second person is to be informed.∙When the multimeter is used by teenagers, trainees etc., a suitable person should super-vise to ensure the equipment is used safely. ∙If measurements are to be made where volt-ages exceed 33 V AC (RMS) or 70 V DC, be especially careful and only use safety experi-ment leads.Measuring categories according to DIN EN 61010-1.CAT I or unstipulated: Approved for measure-ments in circuits which are not directly connected to the low voltage mains grid (e.g. batteries). CAT II: Approved for measurements in circuits which are directly connected, by a mains lead and plug for instance, to the low voltage mains grid (e.g. household or office appliance and lab equip-ment).CAT III: Approved for measurements in circuits which ar e part of a building’s wiring installation (e.g. stationary consumers, distribution terminals, appliances connected directly to the distribution box).CAT IV: Approved for measurements in circuits which are directly connected to the source of the low voltage mains (e.g. electricity meters, main service feed, primary excess voltage protection).Display:Scales: 0 … 10, linear0 … 3, linearScale length: 80 mmPointer deflection: 0…90°Electricalzero-point offset: in all DC rangesMeasurements:Voltage ranges: 0.1/ 0.3/ 1/ 3/ 10/ 30/100/ 300/ 600 V AC/DC Current ranges: 0.1/ 0.3/ 1/ 3/ 10/ 30/100/ 300 mA AC/DC1/ 3/ 10 A AC/DCInput resistance: 1 MΩ AC/DCVoltage drop whenmeasuring current: 100 mV approx. AC/DCReference conditions:Ambient temperature: 23 °COperating alignment: Vertical/horizontalSignal form: Sine (1% max. discrep-ancy)Peak factor:Frequency range: 40 Hz … 50 Hz … 5 kHzAccuracy (at reference conditions):DC quantities: Class 2DC withzero-point offset: Class 5AC quantities: Class 3Extended frequency range (class 10):0,3 – 600 V: 40 Hz … 50 Hz … 40 kHz3 – 3000 mA: 40 Hz … 50 Hz … 40 kHz10 A: 40 Hz … 50 Hz … 40 kHz Resistance, conductance, impedance, admit-tanceThese quantities can be determined by forming various quotients involving “simultaneous meas-urements” of current and voltage.R = U / I: below 1 mΩ… above 10 MΩS = I / U: below 1 µS … above 30 SZ = U / I: below 1 mΩ… above 10 MΩ,40 Hz … 40 kHzY = I / U: below 1 µS … above 30 S,40 Hz … 40 kHz Overload protection:Voltage ranges: 600 V long-term in allvoltage rangesCurrent ranges: 10 A of long-term load-ing in 3-A and 10-ArangesElectrical safety:Safety specifications: EN 61010-1 Measuring category: CAT III: 600 V Contamination level: 2Protection type: IP20Connectors: 4-mm safety socketsProtection:Fuses: 2x FF 10 A/600 V(10 x 38 mm)Breaking capacity: 20 kA3B order number: 5008564Power supply:Battery: 1x 1.5 V, AA IEC LR6 Automatic cut-off after: 45 min ± 10 minElectromagnetic compatibility:Interference emission: EN 55011:2009 Interference resistance: EN 61326-1:2013Operating conditions:Ambient temperature: 5 °C ... 23 °C … 40°C Storage temperature: -20 … 70°CRelative humidity: <85% with no condensa-tionGeneral data:Shock test: max. 147 m/s² Dimensions: 100x150x50 mm3 ap-prox.Weight: 300 g approx.Use in vertical positionUse in horizontal positionCAT IIIEarth symbol∙Set up the ESCOLA 100 meter either horizon-tally or vertically.∙Do not connect measuring leads to begin with.∙ or .The needle will point to the zero point of the dial.If it does not, the amount of charge of the batteryshould be checked.6.1 To switch on:∙,6.2 Checking battery charge:∙Set the four-way switch to∙Disconnect all measuring leads.∙placed immediately.6.3 Zero point calibration:∙Set up the analogue multimeter either hori-zontally or vertically.∙Set the four-way switch to .∙Turn the rotary switch to 600 V.∙Connect the common/ground socket and thevoltage measurement socket together bymeans of a short connecting lead.∙Turn the zero-point trimmer screwto adjustthe zero point as needed.6.4Zero point calibration for centre zeropoint:For measurements of DC current and voltage, thezero point of the scale can be moved to the centreof the dial.∙Disconnect all measuring leads.∙rotary switch to a DC current or voltage range,∙Use the zero-point trimmer to line up the nee-dle precisely in the centre of the dial.6.5 To switch off:∙.6.6 If a measurement is interrupted by batterycut-out:After 45 minutes of use, the multimeter is auto-matically shut off and the needle will then point to.To switch back on:∙Set the four-way switch of the analogue multi-meter to off and then use it to turn the meterback on.∙If measurements are made when the magni-tude of the variable is unknown, always select a large measuring range before shifting down to lower ones.∙ Connect the terminal at the lower potential to the common/ground socket.∙Connect the common/ground lead first and only then the signal lead.7.1 DC currents up to 3 A:∙ Set the four-way switch to .∙Alternatively, if measurements are to be made ∙Select the required current measuring range to a range measured in mA or A.7.2 AC currents up to 3 A:∙∙Select the required current measuring range to a range measured in mA or A.∙ Set up a measuring range of 10 A.∙ Connect the terminal at the lower potential to the common/ground socket.∙Connect the common/ground lead first and only then the signal lead.8.1 DC currents up to 10 A:∙ Set the four-way switch to .∙Alternatively, if measurements are to be made8.2 AC currents up to 10 A:∙∙If measurements are made when the magni-tude of the variable is unknown, always selecta large measuring range before shifting downto lower ones.∙Connect the common/ground lead first and only then the signal lead.∙For measurements of voltage up to 100 mV, set the rotary switch to the range 0.1 mA/100 mV.9.1 DC voltages up to 600 V:∙Set the four-way switch to .∙Alternatively, if measurements are to be made∙Select the required measuring range to a range measured in V.9.2 AC voltages up to 600 V:∙∙Select the required measuring range to a range measured in V.∙Connect up the component to be tested.∙Set the four-way switch to and turn the rotary switch to . If there is continuity of cur-rent (R< 1 kΩ), an audible signal will sound.11.1 DC voltages and currents:∙Set the four-way switch to .∙Use the rotary switch to set the desired volt-age measuring range and read off the meas-urement.∙Set a suitable current measuring range and read off the measurement.11.2 AC voltages and currents:∙∙Use the rotary switch to set the desired volt-age measuring range and read off the meas-urement.∙Set a suitable current measuring range and read off the measurement.The battery and the two fuses are located under-neath the back cover of the meter.One fuse each is provided for the 3 A and 10 A sockets:FF10 A/600 V, breaking capacity: at least 10 kA (3B order number: 5008564)The polarity is indicated by plus and minus signs inside the fuse holder compartment. A mechanical system ensures the battery makes no contact if it is inserted the wrong way round.12.1 Battery testing:Batteries which are discharged and have not been used for a while may leak.12.2 Changing the battery:∙ Unscrew the back of the casing.∙ Replace flat batteries with 1.5-V alkaline bat-teries of size AA IEC LR6.∙ Place the negative pole of the battery on the spring.∙Close the casing again.12.3 Changing fuses:∙ Unscrew the back of the casing. ∙ Check the fuses.∙ Blown fuses should be replaced with ones of the same rating.∙Close the casing again.∙For cleaning, use a soft cloth, slightly mois-tened with alcohol, or a brush.Electrostatic charging of the display window can affect the measurements under certain circum-stances:∙ To remove such charge, use a soft clothslightly soaked in alcohol or a paint brush. Dirt or moisture in the measurement sockets can affect readings.∙ Shake out any dirt that may be in the meas-urement sockets.∙ Soak a new swab with isopropyl alcohol andwork around the inside of each measurement socket. ∙ The packaging should be disposed of at local recycling points.∙Should you need to dis-pose of the equipment itself, never throw it away in normal domes-tic waste. If being used in private households itcan be disposed of atthe local public waste disposal authority.∙Comply with the applicable regulations for the disposal of electrical equipment.∙Do not dispose of the batteries in the regular household garbage. Follow the applicable le-gal regulations (UK: Waste Batteries and Ac-cumulators Regulations, EU: 2006/66/EC).。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
准确率100%的倒车入库方法
转帖:考完交规没多久,教练通知我双休日去金鸡岭驾校练车。
练车之前,我从网上了解到,从2013年元月份开始,考驾照比过去要难许多倍。
因此,
第一天去练车时,我心情非常忐忑,也很紧张。
来到驾校后,教练首先教我调座椅、打方向盘和踩刹车这三项基础技能。
学会了这三项,接下来就是练习踩离合器。
当发动机响起,教练让我开着车前进、后退时,我莫名地紧张起来,手、脚不由自主地抖动,汽车被我折腾得不停地死火。
坐在副驾驶位置的教练见状让我下车先放松放松。
下车后,我就看着别的学友一把接一把地练,直到上午收车时,教练都没有让我再去摸车。
下午,别人练习倒车入库,教练让我试了一次后拉着脸对我说:“你紧张成这样,叫我如何教你练车?”我听了这句话,心里很不爽,如果我什么都会,我又何必花几千元钱找你学?更何况你只不过是一个20才出头的小伙子,对我这种年长的学员没有一点礼貌。
顿时,我非常后悔报名学车,这种花钱买罪受的滋味完全超乎我的想象!
第二天,教练没有通知我去练车,我也不打电话问教练我还要不要继续。
当天刚好同事约我去农家乐,我欣然前往。
离开城市的喧嚣,去青山绿水的郊外亲近大自然,也许是一次很好的“疗伤”机会。
到了目的地后,同事让我讲讲我昨天学车过程中的感受。
我说学车的感受是:苦不堪言,花钱买罪受!同事觉得很惊讶,他说学车不难呀,只要踩好了离合器,你至少成功了80%,剩下的20%就是学会找好参照点。
同事边讲边拉开车门,让我上车练习倒车,他坐在副驾驶位置当起了我的临时教练。
“你不是说练踩离合器吗?怎么让我练倒车?”
“练倒车转弯是最好的练习踩离合器方法!”同事十分淡定的说。
郊外地广天宽,方圆一里内都见不到一个人,正是练车的好地方。
也许是熟人的缘故,也许是气氛很轻松,我练了2个多小时的倒车转弯后,虽然左脚板底有些抽筋,但收获却不小!诺大的汽车完全在我的脚下被控制得服服帖帖,想让它快点走,我就松点离合器;想让它慢点走,我就压点离合器;想让它在平地停下来,我就将离合器踩到底。
车转弯时由于受到的阻力比直线行驶要大,因此,这种情况要松点离合器,要不然会发生停车情况。
一周过去了,教练又打来电话,电话里传来教练无可奈何的声音:“明天练最简单的一项,走S形路,你早上10点来练车吧!”因为他收了学费,把我教会是他的义务和职责。
到了S形路场地后,我们5位学员排队练习,我自然被教练排在最后一个练习。
教练首先驾车示范了一圈,并在这一圈中不停地讲解车到什么位置要打多少圈方向。
另外4位甚至都掏出了笔记本,把教练的话当作圣经似的一字不漏地记录下来。
我没有带纸和笔,也只记住教练的一句话“进入S形路口时打一圈加90度方向”。
前面4位学员每人练3圈,12圈下来,没有一圈是符合要求的。
我第5个上车练,在我松开手刹准备进入S形弯道时,教练的右脚就轻放在刹车上,担心我驾驭不了他的车,准备随时帮我踩刹车。
令我自己,更令教练和另外4位学员感到诧异的是,我3圈走下来,线路居然走得非常精准!教练问我:“这个星期你自己练过?”我告诉他没有,我只是练过踩离合器。
“嗯,这就对了。
只要你不紧张,踩好了离合器,学车就简单了。
”教练第一次肯定我,我心里却很受用。
当大家练好了S形路后,下午练倒车入库。
倒车入库是场地5项考试中最难的一项,花的时间自然比别的项目要多。
倒车入库分4步,分别是右入、左出、左入和右出,其中右倒车入库最难。
教练的方法是:当车后退过程中,左后视镜压住地上的起始线时立刻将方向盘向右打死,然后看右后视镜,当库角出现在镜子中央时向左回半圈方向,等待车入库并与库的两边线平行时迅速回正方向。
我们几位都试了几把,成功率50%左右。
于是,我开始怀疑方法有漏动。
因为,每个人倒车时的速度不样,甚至同一个人第一次与第二次的速度也会有偏差,通过起始线把方向盘向右打死的时机也不相同,如果机械地套用“当库角出现在镜子中央时向左回半圈方向”这句话肯定会出问题。
这也就是2013年后场地考试的合格率每天都不会超过58%的主要因素所在。
我开始上网寻找更稳妥的倒车入库方法,并且轮到我练车时就一一地去检验,成功率不但没有提高,还被教练训斥,说我总喜欢七搞八搞。
没办法,我只好按照教练教的方法去练,但是我必须在他教的方法基础上进行改进,否则,成功率怎么练也只有50%左右。
考试之前,我一定要将成功率提高到100%才行。
经过几天的思考,我终于找到了教练的方法漏动所在,这种方法的缺点在于无法精准把握每一次将方向盘向右打死的位置,稍有偏差,对于倒车入库来说就会“差之毫厘,谬以千里”。
因此,一定要通过后视镜观察库角与后轮间的距离,提前判断后轮是否会压线,如果判断不压线就不要动方向盘,否则,就要回方向,回多少也要根据库角与后轮间的距离而定,最好让后轮与库角之间保持约10厘米。
只要把这两者间的距离看准了,就一定
会成功入库!当你通过右后视镜看到两者间的距离很近时,这表明如果不改变后退的方向,右后轮就会压过库角!因此,遇到这种情况时,就应向左回方向盘,回到右后轮距离库角约10厘米开始入库时,立刻将方向盘向右打死,等车身与库两边线平行时回正方向。
这样,右入库完成。
同样,左入库时则通过左后视镜判断左后轮与左侧库角之间的相对距离来修方向,一样会100%成功。
练好了S形路和倒车入库,再练侧方位停车、直角转弯、半坡起步,只要按教练的“找准点”方法操作,都是非常容易的事。
场地考试前一天,我们把要考试的5个项目按考试的先后顺序依次练习,相当于做模拟测试。
在模拟测试过程中,我们几个出问题最多的几项是半坡起步、侧方位停车和倒车入库。
半坡起步时大家都忘记打左转向灯;侧方向停车时忘记将左后视镜调高,这样无法看到车库的右内角;倒车入库时忘记将左后视镜调到最低,这样不能准确地判断左后轮与左侧库角之间的距离。
因此,学会调整好左后视镜(右后视镜始终调在最低位置)是能够顺序通过场地考试的关键因素之一。
考试当天,考场外有近200人在焦急地等待进场考试。
这些学员之间交流最多的是如何倒车入库。
绝大多数人虽然没有十分的把握倒车入库,但只要有一丝希望,他们也会抱着赌一把的心态来参加考试。
如果他们想多练习几天,教练就会不高兴地说“你们练再长时间也没有用,关键要靠临场发挥”。
“临场发挥”是教练平时说得频率最高的一个词,我开始也信以为真。
但是,当我参加场地考试后,我突然明白“真才实学”才是硬道理!平时练
车时,如果一味地听教练的方法去“找点”,不搞清其中的原理,即使你在某一个库练得很成功,但是当你换了一个库、换了一辆车,你还想保持原来的准确率,基本是不可能的事。
当我进入考场后,考官选了一条最难走的道让我走。
考前适应考场训练时,教练反复叮嘱我们5位学员,考试时最好不要从4号车道上坡,因为这个车道的点难对;侧方位停车时一定要选2、3、4号库,因为后面的5、6、7号库有几次直角转弯,并且对点的距离太短,非常容易出问题。
教练说的是经验之谈,我们谨记于心。
可是,考试时,考官让我从第4号车道上坡,去第6号库侧方位停车。
当时我心里稍稍紧张,只好把车速降到最低,去走一条训练时完全没有走过的车道。
幸好我平时离合器踩得较好,车速完全随我心所欲。
经过半坡起步、侧方向停车、直角转弯和S形路后,我驱车来到了最后一项目地地———倒车入库。
这个项目令“无数英雄竞折腰”,而我考试时却“胜似闲庭阔步”,非常顺利地通过。
考试结束后,我们5位学员全部过关。
那一刻,我们围成一圈击掌相庆,兴奋得感觉自己仿佛年轻了20岁,找回了当初考上大学时的欢欣与激动。
有两位女学员甚至都激动得哭了,因为她们考了两次都没有通过,这是第3
次考试。
她们不停地感谢我,说是因为我教给了她们好方法才得以通过。
我说你们首先要谢你自己,其次要谢教练,我是“站在教练的肩膀上才看得远”。
今天,我把自己的学车经历记下来,希望正在学车的朋友能看到,这样,你们就会少走许多弯路。