虚拟语气语法教案教学教材

虚拟语气语法教案教学教材
虚拟语气语法教案教学教材

虚拟语气语法教案

Teaching Plan 2

Teaching content: unreal conditional

Target students: Grade 11 students (aged 16-17)

Teaching objectives:

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to

1. grasp the usage of the unreal conditionals;

2. use unreal conditionals to translate sentences and write a passage;

3. use unreal conditionals in different situations;

Teaching methodology:

Task-based learning approach and student-centered teaching approach, cognitive approach, etc

Teaching aids:

Multi-media, blackboard, and overhead projector

Teaching procedures:

I. Warming-up (4 mins)

1. Make the Ss enjoy a famous English song and fullfill the blanks.

Beyonce Knowles —— If I Were A Boy

If I were a boy

Even just for a day

I'd roll outta bed in the morning

And ______ on what I wanted then go

Drink beer with the guys

And _____ after girls

I’d _______ it with who I wanted

And I’d never get ________ for it.

Cause they’d ______ up for me.

If I were a boy

I think I could __________

How it feels to love a girl

I ______ I’d be a better man.

I’d listen to her

Cause I know how it _______

When you lose the one you wanted

Cause he’s taken you for _______

And everything you had got destroyed

……

2. Brainstorming: What’s your understanding of the song?

II. Grammar (25 mins)

1. Sentence appreciation: choose 2-3 sentences from the song, such as:

1) If I were a boy, I would put myself first and make the rules as I go,

bec ause I know that she’d be faithful, waiting for me to come home.

2) (This is opposite to the present situation)

3) If Lady Gaga were to come/ should come to our school, I would invite

her to have dinner in our school dining room.

(This is opposite to the future situation)

4) If it had rained much in south-east, people there would have had a

good harvest.

(This is opposite to the past situation)

Conclude: We use unreal conditional to express imagination, something that is unlikely to happen, unreal event or situation.

2. Analyse the basic forms of unreal conditional.

3. Practice

1) Multiple choice

(1). If you ______ to see Mary, what would you tell her?

A. are

B. will be going

C. must

D. were

(2). I would have said “Hello” to him if I ______ your brother.

A. could see

B. had seen

C. will see

D. will have seen

(3). If you had wanted to buy a record, what ________?

A. would you buy

B. had you bought

C. would you have bought

D. would you be buying

(4). If the tablets had dissolved, John ______.

A. would probably die

B. had probably died

C. probably would be died

D. would probably have died

(5). -----“I was so sorry to hear about Jack.”

-----“If he had made more friends here, he might ________.”

A. have stayed

B. have stay

C. stayed

D. stay

2) According to the three basic forms of unreal contional, create three

situations for Ss with different pictures and ask Ss to use unreal

conditional to describe each picture.

Examples:

(1) A: What would you want to do, if you had a Doraemon?

B: If I had a Doraemon, I would want to travel to the past.

(2) If Jack hadn’t won the ticket, he would not have got on the ship

Titanic.

III. Writing and presenting (16 mins)

1. Write a passage about 80 words with one of the following topics:

1) If I were clever enough, I __________________________

2) If I hadn’t done such a stupid thing, I _____________________

3) If Justin Bieber were to come to my home, I ___________________

2. Present their writings and peer review their work. (choose 2-3 groups to show their writings.)

3. Teacher’s reflection on their writing.

IV. Homework

Each student is required to revise unreal conditional and polish their writing.

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计

高中英语语法虚拟语气 教学设计 集团档案编码:[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学:The subjunctive mood 厦门第十中学吕瑞珠 一、概述 本节课是高中英语语法教学课,授课内容为虚拟语气,授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评,大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。 通过本节语法教学课的学习,学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识,复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如:I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等,并学习新的表达形式如:The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是,学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后,要在写作中运用。 虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一,多数学生感到费解,因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用,并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式,有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。 二、教学目标分析 1.知识与技能 1)复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型: I wish I were… / I could … It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would… 2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式,尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句,掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达,特别是主句与从句时态的呈现;还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词,如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on. 3)培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2.过程与方法 1)引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中,开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告,建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实,或难以实现的情况,甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外,如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时,也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were, should, had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句,否定词not应置于主语之后,而不能与were,should,had 等缩略成Weren't,Shouldn't,Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏,我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time,I would come. 假若我有时间,我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中,如without…, but for…,otherwise(要不是因为)等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。

高考虚拟语气用法详解()

高考虚拟语气用法详解 一·语气概述 和时态语态一样,语气也是谓语动词的一种形式,它表明说话者的目的和意图。英语中有三种语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。(有的语法书说语气有四种,即还包括疑问语气)。 eg:①He doesn’t see very well in his right eye .他右眼视力不太好。(陈述语气) ②Have they ever been to Australia ?他们去过澳大利亚没有?(疑问语气) ③Please read through the instruction in advance .请先通读说明书。(祈使语 气) 二·虚拟语气概述 在英语中,由于说话人的意图不同,动词需用不同的形式,称为语气。虚拟语气是指说话人表示一种假设的情况,一种愿望,怀疑,推测,请求等,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实。虚拟语气可用于状语从句,名词性从句,定语从句及其他结构中。 三·非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 真实条件句(遵循主将从现原则) A.由If引导的两种条件句: 非真实条件句(虚拟语气) 以下为If在非真实条件句中虚拟语气的形式和用法: 假设类型If从句主句 与现在事实相反did (be用were)should/would/ could/might do 与过去事实相反had done should/would/ could/might have done 与将来事实相反1)did 2)were to do 3)should do should/would/ could/might do eg:①If I were you ,I would reconsider their advice .如果我是你的话,我会重新考虑他们的意见。(与现在事实相反) ②You would not have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes .如果你多穿了些衣服,你就不会得感冒了。(与过去事实相反)

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实,不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况,表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例: If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低),they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注: 虚拟语气,条件状从倒装 状语从句中,去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如:If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外,without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中,也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及,publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.(表示可能性小)

英语虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气 虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测 试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说 的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 虚拟条件句的三种基本类型: 1.与现在事实相反。若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”: If you took a taxi,you’d get there quicker.如果你坐出租车去,你可以快一点到那里。(但你不坐) If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码,我就可以给她打电话了。(可惜我不知道) 2.与过去事实相反。若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”:If I’d left sooner,I’d have been on time.要是我早点动身,我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了) If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话,我们就可以救活他。(可惜我们找到他太晚了) 3.与将来事实相反。若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”: If he went,would you go too? 如果他去,你也去吗?(大概他不会去) If I asked him,I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求,肯定他会帮助我们。(不过我不打算这样做) 大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种,但并不排除存在条件和 后果中,一个和现在情况相反,另一个和过去情况相反,例如:If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now. 这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。 但是,如果后果用了虚拟语气,而条件却用陈述语气,这种用法是错的。 2. 除了表示虚假条件外,if从句还可以表示对将来的推测,由于是 将来还没有发生的,所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的,只能说这个事情 发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下,可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对

可用虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if,采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词(不包括行为动词)移到从句的句首。例如: Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三.含蓄条件句

高中英语语法(虚拟语气)

Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解 【知识要点】 语气(mood)是一种动词形式,用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语有三种语气: *直陈语气(indicative mood)---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. *祈使语气(imperative mood)---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. *虚拟语气(subjunctive mood) If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实,或与事实相反。 一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 假设类型条件从句谓语 动词形式 主语谓语 动词形式 与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中,虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致,因此,主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1)If I were you,I wouldn't have missed the film last night. 2)If he had followed the doctor's advice,he would recover already.(从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。) 2、在if虚拟条件句中,有时可把连词省去,采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did,had,should 移到句 首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型,其意思不变。 1)Had we time to spare,we would be glad to go to the park. 2)Were it not for the discovery of electricity,the modern world would experience great inconvenience. 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述,而用介词(如without, but for等)引出的短语、分词 (如supposing等)引出的短语、并列连词(如or,otherwise,but,though等)、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1)But for your advice,I would not be able to do this work. 2)Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened,otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark.。

高中英语 第二册 语法总结 虚拟语气

新概念英语第二册语法总结:虚拟语气 虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握: 1、虚拟条件句。 2、名词性虚拟语气。 3、虚拟语气的其他用语。 一、虚拟条件句: 条件状语从句是非真实情况,在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。 1、条件从句与现在事实不一致,其句型为: If 主语+过去时,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+动词原形,如: If I were you, I would study hard. If it rained, I would not be here now. 2、条件从句与过去事实不一致,句型为: If 主语+had+过去分词,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+have+过去分词,如:If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved. If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term. 3、条件从句与将来事实不一致,句型为: If 主语+should(were to, 过去时)+do,主语+should(could...)+原形do,如: If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes. If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry. 注意问题: 1、If条件句中绝对不可出现"would"。 2、根据句中的时间状语,有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况,即主句可能是现在的情况,条件句也许是发生在过去的情况,但都是遵守上述句型。 3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装,例如: Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

英语语法专项:虚拟语气用法详解及练习(附答案)

虚拟语气用法详解 一、条件句中的虚拟语气 1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式 从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中 的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。 2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例 (1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如: If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话,他就会充分 利用他的时间了。 If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话,他会通知我们一声。 (2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如: If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的。 If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉。 (3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如: If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你了。 If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿,我就会会到了李先生。 3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题 (1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be 时,可用was 代替were。但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were 中,只能用were。如: Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习。 If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会。 (2) 有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,须区别对待。①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动 作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如: If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会使工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。

大学英语语法-虚拟语气

虚拟语气 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive) 你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到) Subjunctive Mood作为专门表达假设意义和其他非事实意义的动词形式,仅是古英语遗留下来的残余。它仅有两个形式,即be型虚拟式和were型虚拟式。 Be型虚拟]----- be型虚拟式是以动词原形表示的,不管主语是什么人称,动词一律用原形,如动词为被动态,则助动词be也用原形。其主要用法如下: 1)用于表命令、决定、建议、坚持等词语之后的that分句中 这一用法又分三种情况: a)用在 decide,decree,demand,insist,move,order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require, suggest,vote等动词之后的that分句中.(宾语从句) 在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中,我们经常用“should+动词原形(或完成形式)”,表示惊奇,怀疑,不满等。 He ordered that all the books be sent at once. He ordered that all the books be sent at once. we propose that somebody neutral take the chair. She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday. b)用在 advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,nece ssary,obligatory,proper等形容词之后的that分句中。(主语从句) It is essential that all the facts be examined first. It was appropriate that thisi tax be abolished. I thousht it advisable that an armed guard stand in readiness. c)用在 decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution等名词之后的that分句中。 The board has given instructions that the agent fly to Boston. We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. Their decision was that the school remain closed. 在这一用法中be型虚拟式能与“should+不定式”交替使用,也能与to-不定式交替使用。 He ordered that the books be sent at once . = He ordered that the books should be sent at onc. = He ordered that the books to be sent at once. 2)用于由if,though等引导的分句中.

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中

①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为错综时间条件句,动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如: If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首,变成倒装句式。如:If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点,你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话,我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如: What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元,你会做什么? We couldn?t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we

实用英语虚拟语气的解析及其用法讲解

实用英语虚拟语气的解析及其用法讲解 在当前英语语法当中,有一些学生总结的几个难点语法,其中之一就是虚拟语气,怎样判断出句子使用了虚拟语气,是哪一种形式的虚拟语气是学生无法清楚掌握的难点。本文从虚拟语气的定义到各种形式都进行了详细的讲解和分析,并针对各种形式的用法都进行了分析和举例,讲解明白,以帮助学生们能更好地了解和掌握英语语法中这个难学的语言现象。 标签:英语虚拟语气;定义;用法;分析及举例 一、虚拟语气的定义(Subjunctive Mood) 在我们了解什么是虚拟语气前,大家首先要弄清楚英语的语气表达,也就是英语学习中我们都会用到哪些语气。英语中的语气(Mood)可以分为:1The Indicative Mood(陈述语气);2The Interrogative Mood(疑问语气);3The Imperative Mood(祈使语气);4The Subjunctive Mood(虚拟语气)4类。陈述、疑问、祈使语气在本文中就不再过多阐述。而我们在这里重点讲解虚拟语气。什么是虚拟语气呢?虚拟语气用来表示假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。虚拟语气表示说话者所说的话并非事实,或难以实现的,甚至表达相反的概念。另外表示主观愿望或表达某种强烈的感情时,也用虚拟语气。 二、虚拟语气的判断及用法 (一)if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断 if条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句,反之为非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种:1与过去事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”,主句用“should(would,could,might)+have+过去分词”。 2与现在事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用过去式,系动词用were,主句的谓语用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。 3与将来事实相反的假设。结构为:从句的谓语动词用“should(wereto)+动词原形”,主句用“should(would,could,might)+动词原形”。 (二)宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气:根据从句的意义来判断 A:表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去时态。例如:

英语语法 虚拟语气(练习)

虚拟语气 一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用 虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目几乎是四、六级必考的内容,也是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚 (win the first prize)的话,我会把奖金送给阿Sam。 If I won/should win/were to win the first prize in the Foshan University Students English Speaking Contest held in May, I would give my reward to Sam. If I win the first …, I will give … 要是我爸是李嘉诚的话,我一定不用为钱发愁。 If my father were Li Jia Cheng, I wouldn’t worry about money. Were my father Li Jia Cheng, I wouldn’t … 要是日本没有发生地震的话,我一定去放炸弹(blast)。 If Japan hadn’t had the earthquake, I would have blasted it. Hadn’t Japan had the earthquake, I … 1

要是将来我有钱了,我一定回来娶你。 If I were rich one day, I would marry you. →Were I rich one day, I … If I should be rich one day, I would marry you. →Should I be rich one day, I … If I were to be rich one day, I would marry you. →Were I to be rich one day, I … (If I am rich one day, I will marry you.) 1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。 1) If places ______ a like, there would be little need for geographers. A. being B. are C. be D. were 2) If I _____ the meaning of the word, I wouldn't have to look it up. A. know B. knew C. known D. knowing 2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设,if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had+过去分词,主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。 例:1995年6月四级第46题 We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _____ him, A) would have telephoned B) must have telephoned C) would telephone D) had telephoned 3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形,主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形。 2

虚拟语气语法总结

虚拟语气 在英语文法中有三种语气,即直述式语气(In dicative Mood)、祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气(Subjective Mood),其中前两种我们早已熟悉了,这里则不多谈了,女口:How beautiful she is!则是直述式语气,而Hurry up! Do n't hurry up则是祈使语气。我们主要来看看虚拟语气的主要用法。虚拟语气主要是用来表达一种无法实现的愿望,一种与事实相反的情况,或者将不可能实现的,或可能性很小的事实,假想为事实予以表述。这样的动词结构称为虚拟语气。它主要有三种形式,即与现在事实相反的假设,与过去事实相反的假设,与将来事实相反的假设。它们具体结构如表8 —7。 虚拟语气的构成 虚拟语气其他习惯用法简表

1语法辨析 In correct: If I was a girl, I would marry you Correct: If I were a girl, I would marry you 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气时,if条件句中的be动词一律用were,这句话应译为我要是个女孩,我就嫁给你。实际上不可能是个女孩。 In correct: If I were you I will not worry Correct: If I were you I should n't worry 现在时的虚拟语气主句要用should或would加动词原形,这句话应译为我要是你的话,就没有必要烦恼。要注意这种语态用在这里实际上是想把要讲出的观点表达得婉转些,有礼貌些。 In correct: God forgives you! Correct: God forgive you! 这里的主语God是第三人称单数,之所以动词不加s是因为要表达一种祝愿,即人力所不能及的事情,实际上是forgive前有一助动词should, May 等, 但在口语中将其省略了。如:May you be happy祝你幸福。 In correct: If the weather was nice yesterday, we would have gone to the zoo Correct: If the weather had been nice yesterday we would have gone to the zoo

虚拟语气语法讲解

虚拟语气语法讲解 虚拟语气 英语句子中谓语动词的语气有三种: 1. 直陈语气(The Indiative d)直陈语气用于直截了当地陈述事实、描述状态: He has published quite a nuber f essays this year .他今年已发表了好几篇论。 2. 祈使语气(The Iperative d) 祈使语气用于提出请求、命令、建议或是劝告等: ait utside until yu are asked . 请在外面等候,请你进再进去。 Lets ust take a break, shall we ? 我们休息一会儿,好吗? 3. 虚拟语气(The Subuntive d) 虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。虚拟语气不太顾及事实的存在,它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的;或是其实现的可能性微乎其微,甚至于没有实现的可能性。当然,有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉,也使用虚拟语气。例如: I wish yu were re areful .但愿你更细心一些。 If I had re ney, I wuld buy a bigger apartent.

我要是有再多一点钱,我就买一套更大一些房子。 uld yu ind shutting the dr ? 劳驾您把门关上。 一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的构成和用法 1. 表示一种与过去事实相反的假设情况,条件从句中的谓语动词要用“had+过去分词”,主句中的谓语动词要用“wuld / shuld / uld / ight+have+过去分词”。如: If yu had e here yesterday, yu wuld have seen hi. 如果你昨天到这里,你就会看见他了。 2. 表示一种与目前事实相反的假设情况,条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去式(be动词常用were),而主句中的谓语动词则要用“wuld / shuld / uld / ight+动词原形”。如: If I had his telephne nuber, I wuld all hi nw. 如果我有他的电话号码,我现在就打电话给他。 If I were yu, I wuld nt tell hi that. 如果我是你,我就不把那件事告诉他。 3. 表示与将的事实可能相反的假设情况时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用:1) shuld+动词原形,或2) 一般过去式,或3) were+不定式,主句中的谓语动词要用“wuld+动词原形“。如: If it snwed trrw, any rps wuld die f ld. = If it were t snw trrw, any rps wuld die f ld. = If it shuld snw trrw, any rps wuld die f ld. 如果明天下雪,许多庄稼都会冻死。 4. 有时候,条件和结果不是指同一个时间,这时,应根据上面谈到的几种情况,使用相应的形式,这种虚拟语气

虚拟语气用法及动词形式

用法及动词形式 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况: 从句:If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were) 主句:主语+should/would/could/might+do eg: 1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道) 3.If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me,I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没有带钱) 5.If he studied harder,he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。(事实:没有努力) 6.she looked at me as if I had been a stranger. 她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。(事实:我并非陌生人) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句:If 主语+had+done 主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have done eg: 1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。 (事实:去晚了) 2.If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。 (事实:没有听我的话) 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测 从句:①if+主语+were to do 主句:①主语 +should/would/could/might+do ②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do ③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+do eg: 1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him. 如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。(事实:来的可能性很小)

相关文档
最新文档