初中英语讲义教案初三语法五种基本句型讲解和练习
初中英语人教新目标九年级Grammar五大句型讲解PPT

主谓宾宾
主谓宾补
三.词性与句子成分
• 1.主语和宾语通常由名词做。
• 2.谓语必须由动词做。(但是动词不是只能做谓语)
• 3.表语的情况有点复杂(名词、形容词、介词短语...可做表语)
• 4.定语通常由形容词做。
• 5.副词的功能:
She is a beautiful girl.
1)修饰形容词:
She is very beautiful.
不需要跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等做状语
1) He cried.
S+V
2) He is sleeping.
S+ V
3) He laughed.
S+ V
4)Things changed.
S+ V
2.主谓宾(S+V+O) 谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达完整的意思
,必须跟一个宾语
1) I like English. 2) I love you. 3) He wants to do it. 6) 4) I enjoy dancing.
宾语构成:名词,代词 ,不定式,动名词可做 宾语
3 . 主 系 表 ( 主 语 补 足 语 )谓语动词是连系动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须
加上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语 表语就是用来描述主语性质特征的
1)I am a teacher.(名词做表语)
中文中有ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ是”
2) I am beautiful.(形容词做表语)
book ,order,choose
1.teach sb. sth.=teach sth. to sb.(给)
口诀:九给二踢to不少 give,pass,lend,send,hand,throw,sell,offer,show,tell,teach
英语人教版九年级全册英语五种基本句型

英语五种基本句型教案一.Teaching Goals教学目标:1. Ability Goals能力目标:a.Learn some detail information about the basic structures of English sentences;b. Improve the students’ability of analyze the structure of sentences;c. Enable the students to translate the English sentences2.Learning Ability Goals学能目标:Help the students grasp the ability of constructing new sentences.3.Emotion情感目标:a. Learn how to cooperate with others;b. Build the self-confidence of students 二.Teaching Important Points教学重点:a. The five basic English structuresb. Constructing English sentences;c. Train the students’ability of translating complex sentences三.Teaching Difficult Points 教学难点a. Train the ability how to write the right sentences, including the complex ones;b. Train the ability of analyzing the whole passage and give the main ideas of the passage or paragraphs 四.Teaching Aids 教学设备A computer, a projector and some slides五.Teaching ProceduresStep 1 句子的成分.主语: 表示句子说的是什么人或什么事,由名,代,数,不定式,动名词,短语或句子充当位于句首。
中考英语五大句型及句子种类专项讲解及练习(附答案)

简单句考试要求:简单句的五种基本句型及There be句型是英语学习的基础和重点,也是中考试卷的重点,在书面表达、句子改写和翻译句子中都经常考查有关句子的知识;感叹句、疑问句、祈使句更是单项选择和句型转换的重点。
1.简单句的句型简单句就是句子只有一个主语和谓语,有五种基本句型:(1)主语+谓语:这种句型称为主谓结构(S+V),其谓语一般是不及物动词。
例如:The rain stopped. 雨停了。
Things have changed now. 现在事情发生了变化。
(2)主语+连系动词+表语:这种句型称为主系表结构(S+L+P),连系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词,表语一般是名词或者形容词。
例如:His father is a teacher. 他的爸爸是老师。
(表语是名词)Your mother is very young. 你的妈妈很年轻。
(表语是形容词)(3)主语+谓语+宾语:这种句型称为主谓宾结构(S+V+O),其谓语动词是及物动词,宾语一般是直接宾语。
例如:They often speak English at the meeting. 他们在会上经常说英语。
The house caught fire. 房子着火了。
(4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语:这种句型称为主谓宾宾结构(S+V+O+O),其谓语动词必须是可以跟双宾语的动词,两个宾语中表示事物的是直接宾语,另一个表示人的是间接宾语。
例如:My father gave me a pen last night. 昨天晚上我爸爸给我一支钢笔。
I will write you a letter when I get there. 我到那里儿时给你写信。
(5) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语:这种句型称为主谓宾及宾补结构(S+V+O+C)其谓语动词必须是可以跟复合宾语的及物动词。
例如:I find him very clever. 我发现他很聪明。
中考英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

中考英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在therebe结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country musichas become more and more popular.(名词)Weoften speak English in class.(代词)One-thirdof the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swimin the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smokingdoes harm to the health.(动名词)The richshould help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English testhas not been decided.(主语从句)Itis necessaryto master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语:Westudyfor the people.2)复合谓语:Ican speaka littleEnglish. Weare readingbooks. Hehas goneto Beijing..3、表语:它位于系动词(比方be)以后,申明主语身份,特性,属性或状况。
My sister isa nurse.Is ityours?(代词)The weather has turnedcold.(形容词)The speech isexciting.(分词)Three times seven istwenty one?(数词)His job isto teach English.(不定式)His hobby(快乐喜爱)isplaying football.(动名词)The rulermust bein your box.(介词短语)Time isup. The class isover.(副词)The truth isthat he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语:宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We likeEnglish.How many dictionaries do you have? I havefive.(数词)They helpedthe oldwith their housework yesterday.(名词化描述词)It beganto rain.(不定式短语)I enjoylistening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词能够带两个宾语,每每一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫间接宾语。
人教版初中初三九年级英语 名师教学课件 五种基本句型

3、“主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)
这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语 为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对 象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。 例:Our teacher taught us English. 分析:“our teacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间 接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。
4、“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)
这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某 人感觉某人或物怎么样”。 例:He asked her to go there. 分析:“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动 作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语--补充说明宾语做什么)。
英语五种基本句型
覃江帆 兴业县第一中学
1、“主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)
这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某 物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning. 分析:“they”(主语)“arrived”(谓语)。
5、“主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)
这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么 特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语 句型的形式之一。常用的系动词有be, keep,lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。 例:I am a teacher. 我是一名老师 分析:“I”(主语)“am”(系动词)“a teacher”(表语—即 表明主语的身份)。。
初中英语《五种基本句型及练习》课件

Examples: The cake tastes delicious. The potatoes went bad in the fields.
Deep water stays still. (静水必深)
翻译练习:(主系表结构) 1.今天天晴。
1. I have an apple. 2.Tom made a hole in the wall. 3. I don't know him. 4. Mother promises to give me a present.
翻译练习:(主谓宾结构)
I1w.r昨o晚te我写a了le一t封te信r。last night. H2e.这h本as书他re读a过d多t次h了is。book many times. 3T.h他e们y完h成a了ve计划c。arried out the plan.
3、复合句有两套主谓结构,含有一个主句和一个或一个
以上的从句。如:If we want to keep fit , we must do more exercise. The man who is selling vegetables is our neighber.
二、简单句的五种基本句型:
1、主语+连系动词+表语
5.树叶已经变黄了。
The leaves have turned yellow. 6.这个报告听起来很有意思。
The report sounds interesting.
英语基本句型-2主谓结构
本结构是由“主语+不及物动词”构成, 常用 来表示主语的动作行为。 如:The sun rises. Tom has already left.
英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。
这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。
换言之绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。
这五个基本句式如下S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明S主语V谓语P表语O宾语O1间接宾语O2直接宾语C宾语补足语基本句型一 S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词这些动词常见的有appear apologizearrive come die disappear exist fall happen rise等等。
如 1. 学生们学习很努力。
________2. 她再次向我道歉。
__________________3. 事故是昨天晚上发生的。
_______________ 补充: 少数不及物动词后面能跟一个相同意义的名词作宾语这个名词和前面的动词在词根上是相同的或者在意义上是相近的这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语。
常见的能带同源宾语的动词有lead live die sleep dream breathe smile laugh fight run sing等。
例如4. Under the leadership of the Party the peasants lead a happy life.5. I dreamed a terrible dream last night.6. Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last August.7. He died a glorious death.基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类A. 表示状态的连系动词。
这些词有be look seem appear smell taste sound keep remain 等等。
五种基本句型及句子成分的分析教案

五种基本句型及句子成分的分析教案一、教学目标1. 让学生掌握五种基本句型:S+V+O、S+V、S+V+IO、S+V+P、S+V+O+OC。
2. 让学生了解句子成分的分类及功能,能够分析句子成分。
3. 提高学生对英语句子的理解和表达能力。
二、教学内容1. 五种基本句型及例子:a. S+V+O:主语+动词+宾语例如:I (S) like (V) apples (O).b. S+V:主语+动词例如:She (S) reads (V).c. S+V+IO:主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语例如:We (S) call (V) him (IO) John.d. S+V+P:主语+动词+介词短语例如:They (S) are (V) in (P) the classroom.e. S+V+O+OC:主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语例如:I (S) think (V) she (O) is (OC) a teacher.2. 句子成分及功能:a. 主语(Subject):句子谈论的人或事物。
例如:The cat (S) is sleeping.b. 谓语(Predicate):句子表达的动作或状态。
例如:Eats (V) the mouse (S).c. 宾语(Object):动作的承受者。
例如:I (S) like (V) apples (O).d. 宾语补足语(Object Complement):补充说明宾语的状态或性质。
例如:She (S) calls (V) him (O) John.e. 状语(Adverbial):修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
例如:Quietly ( Adv ) he (S) opens (V) the door.f. 定语(Attributive):修饰名词,说明名词的性质、数量、状态等。
例如:The red (Attr) car (N) is fast.g. 补语(Complement):补充说明主语的状态或性质。
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句子成分和五种根本句型一、导入1四只老鼠吹牛。
甲:我每天都拿鼠药当糖吃;乙:我一天不踩老鼠夹脚发痒;丙:我每天不过几次大街不踏实;丁:时间不早了,回家抱猫去咯。
2一群蚂蚁爬上了大象的背,但被摇了下来,只有一只蚂蚁死死地抱着大象的颈项不放,下面的蚂蚁大叫:掐死他,掐死他,小样,还他妈反了!二、学问点回忆略(1)专题讲解☆专题1:词类1. 十大词类实词:可以在句子里面充当成分,可以独立出现1.名词n. 表示人和事物的名称,作主语、宾语等2.代词pron. 代替名词数词等,作主语、宾语等3.动词v. 表示动作,做谓语4.形容词adj. 表示人或事物的特征,作定语、表语,译作“….的”5.副词adv. 表示动作特征或性状特征,修饰动词,形容词或其它副词,做状语,译作“…地”6.数词num. 表示数目或依次,做主语、宾语、表语、定语等虚词:不能独立出现7.冠词art. 用在名词前扶植说明其意义,a / an / the8.介词prep. 用在名词,代词等前面,说明它及别的词之间的关系9.连词conj. 用来连接词及词或句及句10.感慨词interj. 表示说话时的感情或口气☆专题2:句子成分1. 句子成分概述组成句子的各个局部叫做句子的成分,既:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体局部。
1.主要成分:主语、谓语(必需有)2.特定成分:宾语、表语、补语(在某种特定的句型里面出现)3.附加成分:定语、状语(可有可无,可多可少)2、句子各种成分的含义理解:1)、主语:句子的主角,一个句子在说或探讨谁(啥),谁(啥)就是主语。
主语一般放在句首。
(在“主+谓+宾”的句型构造中,主语是动作的执行者,宾语是动作的承受者。
)E.g:Tom is a doctor.My father and my mother are teachers.Today is my birthday.I can see a desk in the room.Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.Beijing is a good place to visit.2)、谓语:动词作谓语,谓语必需是动词(be/情态/实意动词)。
一般放在主语的后面。
谓语要跟前面的主语在“人称”和“数”上保持一样,这叫主谓一样。
E.g:I am a teacher.My parents work in a school.You can swim.Lucy doesn’t do homework every dayThe apple tastes good.He doesn’t like English.I can’t join the club.3)、表语:表语对前面的主语起说明、表达、表现、表示的作用。
说明了主语的身份、特征或状态。
(表语一般为名词或形容词,用于“主+系+表”的构造中。
)E.g:I am Lily.I am a teacher.That sounds interesting.We must keep healthy.My dream is to be a teacher.My teacher looks excited.4)、宾语:谓语动作的承受者就是宾语。
(在“主+谓+宾”的句型构造中,主语是动作的执行者,宾语是动作的承受者。
)E.g:They sing songs.The boy join the swimming club.The little dog looked at me.I have a book.You like playing soccer.He is reading a newspaper.5)、定语:定语起修饰、形容作用,一般由形容词充当。
(还可以由代词、数词充当)E.g:It’s a beautiful car.Beijing is a good place to visit.I have two big eyes.My father often takes a long walk.I have two pens.The red pen is Tom’s.6)、状语:状语也起修饰作用,一般由副词或介词短语充当,在句中表示时间、地点、方式、条件、缘由、结果、目的等。
状语用来修饰动词、形容词。
(注:修饰动词的状语通常放在动词后。
He runs quickly. 但有些副词如often,always, usually 等作状语时则放在be动词、助动词和情态动词后,实义动词前。
)E.g:He is very tall.He runs quickly.I often go to school at 7:00.I often have lunch at school.They sing this song in English.The teacher smiled in his office.If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home.(条件状语从句)We had to stay at home because of the rain.(缘由状语从句)I have to work hard so that I can pass the text.(目的状语从句)7)、宾语补足语:用来补充说明宾语的动作或状态。
E.g:He made the boy laugh.I found the dog running through our garden.We call him Little TigerI find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补)I saw the kite up and down.(up and down是副词做宾补)Tom made the girl cry.(cry是动词做宾补)形容词和副词的用法区分:形容词作定语修饰名词或代词。
副词作状语修饰动词或形容词。
E.g:1、I like the new book.(形容词作定语)Lily is a happy girl.(形容词作定语)2、He runs quickly.(副词作状语)Lily learns English happily.(副词作状语)及物动词和不及物动词的区分:及物动词:动词后可以干脆涉及、加上一个物(或人)作宾语。
E.g:I play football.Mother bought a new bag.不及物动词:动词后不行以干脆涉及、加上一个物(或人)作宾语。
E.g:He runs quickly.They swim every day.☆专题3:五种根本句型五种根本句型:英语句子是由主语、谓语(动词)、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分组成,根据这些成分的组合方式的不同,英语句子可分为五种根本句型。
其他各种句型都是由这五种根本句型转换来的。
五种根本句型3、主语+ 谓语(系动词)+ 表语S + V + P4、主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 干脆宾语S + V + INO + DO5、主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语S + V + O + OC1)、主语+ 谓语(不及物动词)1、The teacher smiled.2、The boy can swim.3、The sun has risen.4、I don’t know.5、The rain has stopped.2)、主语+ 谓语+ 宾语1、I love you.2、He helps us.3、She played the piano .4、The students played football.5、We study English.6、The children are watching TV.3)、主语+ 谓语(系动词)+ 表语(英语中有一类动词叫连系动词,它后面用来说明主语“是什么”、“怎么样”的成分,叫做表语。
)Be动词(am is are was were)连系动词感官动词(look , sound , smell , taste , feel , seem )1、My dad is [old.]2、Your pen is [in the desk].3、The house is [ large].4、They are [Chinese].5、These boxes are [ heavy].6、I am [17 years old].7、That girl was [me].8、You look [sad].9、It tastes [good].(注:系动词be有时翻译成“是”,更多的时候不译出来,受中文影响,翻译成英语时简洁丢掉。
英语句子中必需有动词。
丢掉连系动词,就是不完好的句子了。
)4)、主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 干脆宾语分析下面句子:He gave us some money.间接宾语(人)干脆宾语(物)I’ll teach you English.间接宾语(由名词或代词充当)双宾语干脆宾语(由名词或从句充当)1、I’ll bring you some new books.2、He returned me the money .3、They sent their son a car.4、My uncle bought me a bike (last week).5、Mother made me a new shirt (last Sunday).5)、主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词后只跟一个宾语还不能表达完好的意思,必需加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,说明状况,才能使意思完好。
1. They painted the door green. 他们把门刷成绿色。
(green,补充说明门的性质)2. They found the house big. 他们发觉那房子很大。
(big,补充说明房子的状态)3.I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.我看见Mr. Wang上了公交车。
(get on the bus,补充说明Mr. Wang做了何事)从句:宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、(主语从句、表语从句)(注:哪个句子成分不再是简洁的单词、短语,而是个完好的句子,它就会是一个相应的从句。
初中阶段我们主要理解宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句三种从句。
)(2)变式练习一、选出句中谓语的中心词.1、I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall2、Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus3、There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon4、Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast5、Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework6、Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book二、选出下列句中的宾语1、My brother hasn't done his homework.A B C D2、People all over the world speak English.A B C D3、The old man said he was ill.A B C4、You will find the museum on the left.A B C5、You will find it useful after you leave school.A B C6、They didn't know Tom.A B C四、稳固练习一、挑出下列句中的表语1、The old man was feeling very tired.A B C2、The leaves have turned yellow.A B C3、They look beautiful.A B C4、She was the first one.A B C二、选出下列句中的定语1、What is your English name?A B C2、The man downstairs sleeping.A B C3、I am waiting for the tall boy.A B C4、The old man is 90 years old.A B C三、选出下列句中的宾语补足语1、He asked her to take the boy out of school.A B C2、They call me Lily sometimes.A B C3、I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C4、Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground ?A B C四、选出下列句中的状语.1、Tom runs fast.A B C2、There was a big smile on her face.A B C3、Every night he heard the noise .A B C4、He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C5、She loves the library because she loves books.A B C五、拓展训练一、划出句中的干脆宾语和间接宾语.① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?二、写出划线局部的句子成分1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the best in our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom.10. It sounds good.三、分析句子成分(主、谓、宾、定、状、补、宾补)1. The pen writes smoothly.2. His face is red.3. He bought you a dictionary.4. He enjoys music.5. I told him that the bus was late.6. He showed me his CD.7. We saw him out.8. He is tall and strong.当堂过手训练(快练五分钟,稳准建奇功!)一、推断下列句子的句型并翻译1.She was short ._______________________________________2.I can’t stand the heat._______________________________________3.I sent you an E-mail._______________________________________4.It cost me three dollars_______________________________________.5.You can leave the door open._______________________________________6.He speaks English ._______________________________________7.Teachers will make your English better.___________________________________8.That will save you a lot of time_______________________________________.9.They found the dead boy._______________________________________10.They found the boy dead._______________________________________11.I found the book easily._______________________________________12.Tom took Jim a book._______________________________________13.I always find her happy_______________________________________14.He said he didn't come._______________________________________15.They love each other._______________________________________。