27.初中英语语法讲义-句子的种类

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初中英语语法大全句子种类

初中英语语法大全句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子的种类按照英语句子的使用目的和用途,句子可分为四类:陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。

陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。

疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

图解语法1. 陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法,陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句特别提示:肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时,如句中有already,some,something,somebody等词,须分别改成yet,any,anything,anybody等。

另外,也要注意,too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等。

2. 疑问句3. 常用的特殊疑问句4. 特殊的反意疑问句①主句是祈使句时,“will you”意为“请求”,“won’t you”表示提醒对方注意。

例句:Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t youDon’t be late again, will you②感叹句后的反意疑问,用一般现在时态的否定形式例句:What fine weather, isn’t itHow beautifully she sings, doesn’t she③陈述部分是“I am …”时,用“aren’t I”而不用“am not I”例句:I'm working now, aren’t I④陈述部分主语是everything,nothing,anything或something 时,疑问句主语用it例句:Something is wrong with my radio, isn’t itNothing is difficult, is it⑤陈述部分的主语是somebody, nobody, everybody, anybody, no one,none, neither 时,疑问句的主语用they例句:Everyone is here, aren’t theyNo one knows about it, do they⑥陈述部分的主语是:1) this或that时,问句的主语用it2) these或those时,问句主语用they3) there be句时,反意疑问句中用there例句:This is a plane, isn’t itThese are grapes, aren’t theyThere was a hospital here, wasn’t there⑦陈述部分的主语是one时,问句的主语可用one,也可用you (美语用he)例句:One should be ready to help others, shouldn’t one⑧陈述句中有few, seldom, never hardly,not,rarely,no,nobody,too…to等时,疑问句部分用肯定结构;如由前后缀构成否定词,疑问句部分仍用否定结构例句:He is never late for school, is heYou got nothing from him, did youIt is useless, isn’t it⑨陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,疑问句的主语用it例句:What you need is more important, isn’t it⑩陈述部分由think, believe, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句:1) 主语是第一人称时,问句与从句的主谓语一致2) 主语是其他人称,问句与主句的主谓语一致例句:I think he will come, won’t heI don’t think he can pass the exam, can heHe believed you had seen her before, didn’t hehave是实义动词时,疑问句用助动词do,does,did;have 是助动词,则不然例如:They had a meeting just now, didn’t theyShe’s been to many places of interest, hasn’t she陈述部分有have /has /had to 时,疑问句要用助动词的否定形式例句:You have to water the vegetables now, don’t you陈述部分有had better时,疑问句中用hadn’t刘局:We had better go to school at once, hadn’t we陈述部分有must:1) 作“一定;必须”解释时,疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t;2) 表示推测,作“一定是;必定”解释时,疑问句需根据其后的动词原形选用相应的形式;3) 对过去动作推测时,问句的助动词用did或have;4) 对过去的状态推测时,问句的be用was例句:He must work hard at physics, mustn’t heYou must go to Guangzhou, needn’t youYou mustn’t smoke here, must youTom must be at home, isn’t heShe must have finished her work, hasn’t/didn’t sheHe must have been a policeman, wasn’t he陈述部分有ought to,used to,疑问句要用 shouldn’t,usedn’t / didn’t例句:Jill used to be a teacher, usedn’t / didn’t she陈述句部分是复合句时,疑问句的主语和助动词要与主句一致例句:He was reading when the teacher came in, wasn’t he特别提示:反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定问句”时,如回答内容是肯定的,用“Yes+肯定结构”,反之,用“No+否定结构”。

句子的种类介绍精选全文完整版

句子的种类介绍精选全文完整版

可编辑修改精选全文完整版句子的种类介绍句子的种类介绍(一)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

1)陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。

Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。

(说明事实)The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。

(说明看法)2)疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。

有以下四种:a. 一般疑问句(General Questions):Can you finish the work in time?你能按时完成工作吗?b. 特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions):Where do you live? 你住那儿?How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions):Do you want tea or coffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡?d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):He doesn't know her, does he?他不认识她,对不对?3)祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求,建议或发出命令,例如:Sit down, please. 请坐。

Don't be nervous! 别紧张!4)感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪,例如:What good news it is! 多好的消息啊!(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:1)简单句(Simple Sentences):只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句,例如:She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。

(主) (谓)2)并列句(Compound Sentences):包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接,例如:The food was good, but he had little appetite.(主) (谓) (主)(谓)食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。

初中英语语法句子的种类

初中英语语法句子的种类

初中英语语法句子的种类英语是国际通用语言,掌握良好的英语语法对于初中学生来说至关重要。

在学习英语语法时,了解并掌握不同种类的句子结构和用法是必不可少的。

本文将介绍初中英语语法中常见句子的种类,并对其结构和用法进行详细解析。

一、陈述句(Declarative Sentence)陈述句是最常见的句子类型,用于陈述事实、描述情况等。

陈述句一般由主语和谓语构成,常见的谓语动词有实义动词和系动词。

例如:1. My brother likes playing basketball.(我的弟弟喜欢打篮球。

)2. The cat is black.(这只猫是黑色的。

)二、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)疑问句用于询问问题,一般以动词开头。

根据回答方式,疑问句可分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。

1. 一般疑问句(Yes/No Questions):一般疑问句的回答通常是“Yes”或“No”。

构成方式:助动词(或者是be动词)+主语+谓语动词(去掉助动词)+其他?例如: Are you happy?(你开心吗?)Does he like swimming?(他喜欢游泳吗?)2. 特殊疑问句(WH-Questions):特殊疑问句通常以疑问词(如what, where, when, why, how等)开头,回答需要提供具体信息。

例如:What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)Where does she live?(她住在哪儿?)三、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)祈使句用于表达请求、命令或建议等,一般省略主语。

常用动词原形构成祈使句,例如:1. Sit down, please.(请坐。

)2. Don't be late for class.(上课不要迟到。

)四、感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)感叹句用于表达强烈的感情或情绪。

常常以感叹词(如how, what 等)开头。

初中英语语法大全-句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子的种类按照英语句子的使用目的和用途,句子可分为四类:陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。

陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。

疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

图解语法1. 陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法,陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句特别提示:肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时,如句中有already,some,something,somebody等词,须分别改成yet,any,anything,anybody等。

另外,也要注意,too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等。

2. 疑问句3. 常用的特殊疑问句4. 特殊的反意疑问句①主句是祈使句时,“will you?”意为“请求”,“won’t you?”表示提醒对方注意。

例句:Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you?Don’t be late again, will you?②感叹句后的反意疑问,用一般现在时态的否定形式例句:What fine weather, isn’t it?How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she?③陈述部分是“I am …”时,用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?”例句:I'm working now, aren’t I?④陈述部分主语是everything,nothing,anything或something 时,疑问句主语用it例句:Something is wrong with my radio, isn’t it?Nothing is difficult, is it?⑤陈述部分的主语是somebody, nobody, everybody, anybody, no one,none, neither 时,疑问句的主语用they例句:Everyone is here, aren’t they?No one knows about it, do they?⑥陈述部分的主语是:1) this或that时,问句的主语用it2) these或those时,问句主语用they3) there be句时,反意疑问句中用there例句:This is a plane, isn’t it?These are grapes, aren’t they?There was a hospital here, wasn’t there?⑦陈述部分的主语是one时,问句的主语可用one,也可用you (美语用he)例句:One should be ready to help others, shouldn’t one?⑧陈述句中有few, seldom, never hardly,not,rarely,no,nobody,too…to等时,疑问句部分用肯定结构;如由前后缀构成否定词,疑问句部分仍用否定结构例句:He is never late for school, is he?You got nothing from him, did you?It is useless, isn’t it?⑨陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,疑问句的主语用it例句:What you need is more important, isn’t it?⑩陈述部分由think, believe, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句:1) 主语是第一人称时,问句与从句的主谓语一致2) 主语是其他人称,问句与主句的主谓语一致例句:I think he will come, won’t he?I don’t think he can pass the exam, can he?He believed you had seen her before, didn’t he?? have是实义动词时,疑问句用助动词do,does,did;have 是助动词,则不然例如:They had a meeting just now, didn’t they?She’s been to many places of interest, hasn’t she?? 陈述部分有have /has /had to 时,疑问句要用助动词的否定形式例句:You have to water the vegetables now, don’t you?? 陈述部分有had better时,疑问句中用hadn’t刘局:We had better go to school at once, hadn’t we?? 陈述部分有must:1) 作“一定;必须”解释时,疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t;2) 表示推测,作“一定是;必定”解释时,疑问句需根据其后的动词原形选用相应的形式;3) 对过去动作推测时,问句的助动词用did或have;4) 对过去的状态推测时,问句的be用was例句:He must work hard at physics, mustn’t he?You must go to Guangzhou, needn’t you?You mustn’t smoke here, must you?Tom must be at home, isn’t he?She must have finished her work, hasn’t/didn’t she?He must have been a policeman, wasn’t he?? 陈述部分有ought to,used to,疑问句要用 shouldn’t,usedn’t / didn’t例句:Jill used to be a teacher, usedn’t / didn’t she?? 陈述句部分是复合句时,疑问句的主语和助动词要与主句一致例句:He was reading when the teacher came in, wasn’t he?特别提示:反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定问句”时,如回答内容是肯定的,用“Yes+肯定结构”,反之,用“No+否定结构”。

初中语法句子种类讲解

初中语法句子种类讲解

初中语法句子种类讲解1. 命令句(Imperative Sentences):用于发出命令、请求或建议,常以动词开头。

例如:Close the door.(关上门。

)2. 陈述句(Declarative Sentences):用于陈述一个观点、描述一个事实或提供信息。

例如:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。

)3. 疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):用于询问问题,常以疑问词或助动词开头。

例如:What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)4. 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):用于表示强烈的感情或感叹,并以感叹词开头或以感叹号结尾。

例如:What a beautiful view!(这是多么美丽的景色啊!)5. 祈使句(Optative Sentences):用于祝愿、祈求,常以动词开头。

例如:May you have a happy birthday.(愿你生日快乐。

)6. 条件句(Conditional Sentences):用于表达条件和结果之间的关系,包括三种类型:零条件句、一般条件句和虚拟条件句。

例如:If it rains, we will stay at home.(如果下雨,我们就会待在家里。

例如:She likes to read books, and he likes to play sports.(她喜欢看书,他喜欢运动。

)例如:I will go to bed early because I am tired.(因为我累了,所以我会早点上床睡觉。

)这些是初中语法句子的主要种类,根据不同的语法结构和用途,可以组成不同类型的句子。

句子的种类ppt课件

句子的种类ppt课件
He is going to be a doctor.---- He isn’t going to be a doctor .(一般将来时)
He is reading a story book.---- He isn’t reading a story book.(现在进行时)
如果句子中的谓语动词为行为动词,变为否定结构时,将 行为动词之前加上否定的助动词,如:
特殊疑问词有: What 对事物提问 Where 对地点提问 When/ What time 对时间提问 Who 对人提问(如果Who作主语,则要用陈述句语序) Whose 对所属提问 How much 对价格提问
How many对数量提问,如How many apples
Hoபைடு நூலகம் old 对年龄提问
一般是指用yes或no回答的疑问句。
基本结构为: 助动词/情态动词+主语+…… 也就是说将 陈述句的第一个助动词(be或will,have,has)或情态动词(can)提 至主语之前;如:
He is a teacher.------------ Is he a teacher?(一般现在时)
He was a worker.----Was he a worker? (一般过去时)
Come in, please.
Don’t come in. Let’s go to school. Let’s not go to school.
4. 感叹句 用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句,感叹句
句末常用感叹号。 感叹句的构成结构: How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语
例如:
How beautiful (you are)! What+ (a/an)+形容词/副词+名词+谓语(当名词为不可数名 词时,a/an省略)例如:

初中英语句子种类讲解(PPT52张)

初中英语句子种类讲解(PPT52张)

newspaper when I
came in. ❖She is the girl who
sings best of all.
定语从 句
❖It is well-known that the 2008 Olympic Games will be held on August 8th.
主语从句
❖As is known to all, the
neither…. nor…. ▪ 转折并列连词: but,while,yet
▪ 因果并列连词: for, so
▪ 选择并列连词: or
请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合
并为一个并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
<2>. Do you know what w\as
happened yesterday? (改错)
3. _主__语___+__谓__语__+__宾__语___(_S_+V+O)
We are having an English class.
Mr Wang will attend the lecture.
★高考经常考查的系动词:
<1>. “变得”g_e_t____b,e_c_o__m_e__,
_t_u_r_n___, _g_o_____, _g_r_o_w_...
<2>. “看起来”lo_o__k___s,_e_e_m___,_a_p_p__e_ar “闻起来”s_m__e_ll__ “尝起来”taste
感叹句结构
感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊

初中英语语法-句子的种类

初中英语语法-句子的种类

三、疑问句
定义:疑问句用于提出问题。句末用问号(?); 分类:一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句和特殊疑问句。 1.一般疑问句是可用Yes 或No 来回答的问句。 它总是以be(is,am,are,was,were),have(has,had),情态动词或助动词开头。 有时也可用“Not at all”,“Certainly”等回答。 —Would you like some more? 你想再来一些吗? —No,thanks. I'm full. 不,谢谢。我饱了。 2.选择疑问句的结构有两种:(1)以一般疑问句为基础,用 or 来连接不同的选择对象; (2)以特殊疑问句为基础,在其后用or来连接不同的选择对象。 Shall we go to see you or will you come to see us?是我们去看你们,还是你们来看我们? Which would you like better, tea or milk?你喜欢喝哪个,茶还是牛奶?
三、疑问句
3.反意疑问句是提出情况或看法,问对方是否同意的句子。 一般由两部分组成:“陈述句+简略问句?”这两部分的肯定与否定形式正好相反, 即:①“肯定的陈述句+否定的简略问句?”②“否定的陈述句+肯定的简略问句?” (1)反意疑问句主语及谓语的确定。 反意疑问句主语与谓语的确定应以陈述部分的主语和谓语为依据,尤其是要注意一些特殊的 情况,同时,简略问句部分的主语一般应用人称代词,而动词若为否定形式则一般应用缩略 形式。 ①陈述部分含有never,few,little,nothing,nobody,no,hardly,none,too...to...等表示否定 意义的词时,其附加问句应用肯定形式。但否定意义的词是careless,dislike等含否定词缀的派 生词时,仍按肯定句对待,后边的简略问句用否定形式。 There are few people in the room, are there?房间里几乎没有人,是吗? ②陈述句部分是“there be”结构时,疑问部分用“be there”。 There is a tree in front of the building, isn‘t there?楼前面有一棵树,是吗? ③当陈述部分的主语为指事(物)的不定代词something,anything,everything等时,附加问句的 主语应用it。 Something is wrong with your computer,isn‘t it?你的电脑出毛病了,是吗?
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初中英语语法讲义-句子的种类姓名______句子的分类:⑪按使用目的和交际功能分类: 句子可分为_______、_______、_______、_______。

⑫按语法结构分类:简单句、并列句、_______。

本次只讨论按第一种分类的句子。

一陈述句陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法。

陈述句分为_______陈述句和_______陈述句两种。

a.陈述句的肯定形式。

Eg :They are students./ I have already posted the photos. / I must go now . / He was reading a book at 8:00 last night.I am a student . She has just come back . He is watching TV now .b.陈述句的否定形式。

分以下几种情况:(1)谓语动词是系动词_____, 助动词_______,_______, _______, be 或情态动词,只须在其后面加_______构成否定句。

be 用作助动词,用于be doing/be _______/ be done等时态或被动语态中,表示为:主语+be +not+v-ing或p.p+其他。

Eg : She isn’t a student . / He hasn’t been to the Great Wall .I can’t swim / You won’t go there tomorrow. /They aren’t sleeping .They weren’t classmates last year .She hasn’t been to China. He couldn’t ride a bike when he is small .They don’t go to school , it is Sunday . He isn’t doing his homework now , he is playing.(06 江苏) The singer and dancer ______ yet. A. don't B.haven't come C. didn't D.hasn't come(2)若谓语动词是实义动词,在实义动词前加上_______,第三人称单数现在时用_______,过去时用_________。

Eg . He hasn’t sent me an invitation yesterday. She doesn’t like to play football. He didn’t receive your letter until now .(05 河北)I went to the cinema yesterday. But he _______ (没去)there.(05 济南)He ______ say_________.A. don't, somethingB.didn't,anythingC. doesn't, somethingD. don't, anything(3)由具有否定含义的词_______, nobody, _______, little, dislike, _______, few, _______ neither of... no one等构成的否定句,则不必再加任何否定词,它本身就是含有否定意义的句子.Eg : Not all the books in our school library can be renewed .I have never been to America .Nobody want to go there .She can hardly believe his ears . There is little water in the cup .He dislikes to go out . They seldom go abroad .There were few people came to the meeting .You are too to young to do that work .Neither of them has ever been to Beijing.(03 重庆) Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, _____?A. don't theyB. didn't theyC.did theyD. do they(06 太原) ---You haven't been to Beijing,_______? --- But I want to go there this summer.A. do youB.are youC. have youD. did you二疑问句疑问句提出问题。

英语中有四种疑问句:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

⑪.一般疑问句:一般疑问句是询问事物或某情况是否属实,需要对方给予肯定或否定回答, 读时用升调. 以一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have开始.通常要求以yes或no回答的疑问句。

(1)一般疑问句的基本结构:①Be动词(is, am, are, was, were)+ _______+表语…?Eg:Is he your classmate?Am I not a new student ? Were you at school yesterday? Was she here just now ?②Have动词(表示“有”:have, has, had)+主语+宾语…?Eg: Have you an apple?Has he been to China ? Had you been there when I went to the cinema ?③情态动词(can, may, must等)+ _______+行为动词或be…? E g: Can you help me ?_______I speak to him ? _______ I come to your birthday party ?④助动词(do, does, did)+主语+行为动词…E g: Do you know her ? Does he go to school on foot ?Did you receive her letter yesterday ?(04黑龙江)---_______ you _____ TV at the moment?--- No, you can turn it off.A.Did watchB. Are watchingC.Do watchD.Have watched(04黑龙江)---_______ you _____ TV at the moment?--- No, you can turn it off.A.Did watchB. Are watchingC.Do watchD.Have watched⑤助动词(shall, will, have, has)+主语+行为动词…E g: Shall we go to the park ?(2)否定形式的一般疑问句,通常把系动词或助动词与not缩写,放在句首。

构成回答:Eg: ①Aren’t you a student? _______ .(不,我是) No, _______.(对,我不是)②Doesn’t she often visit you ? Yes , _______ . (不,她是) No , _______. (对,他不是)③Don’t you go to school by bus . _____, I do . (不,我是) _____ , I don’t .(对,我不是)④Won’ t you come with me ? Yes, ______.(不,我是) No , _______. (对,我不是)⑤Haven’t you been to America ? Yes, I have . (不,我去过) No , I haven’t . .(对,我没有)⑫.特殊疑问句:以疑问代词who, what, whom, whose, which或疑问副词when, where, why, how开头。

(1)如果疑问词在句中作主语或其修饰主语时,其语序如陈述句。

Eg . Who is on duty today ? / Which book is yours .?(2)如果疑问词在句中不作主语或其修饰主语,用“_______+一般疑问句”形式。

Eg . 1.Where have you been ?2 I want some onions --- How many do you want? ---Two kilos.And how much is a kilo? ---One yuan a kilo.3 Which is your maths teacher? ----The one in red.4. How often is "Kucky 52" shown on CCTV-2? ----Every week.5. What colour do you like best? ----Orange, because orange can bring me success.(06四川)--___do you have a sports meeting? --Twice a year. A. how soon B. How often C.how long.(06 桂林)_____ is the population of China? A.How much B.How many C. How long D. What(05 重庆)---______ is the Confucian Temple (孔庙)from here? --- It's about 10 minutes' walk.A. How manyB. How longC. How muchD. How far(05 临沂) --- _____ have you lived in China? --- I have lived here for a whole year.When I _____ with my family to this country, it seemed to me that everything was new.A. How often ; traveledB. How long; traveledC. How long; moved D How often; moved⑬.选择疑问句: 提出两种或两种以上的情况,供回答者选择,并由or连用,但不能用Yes或no 来回答.语调一般是前升后降. 选择疑问句可以分为一般选择疑问句和特殊选择疑问句.①疑问句+选择成分1+_______+选择成分2?Eg.Do you want coffee or cocoa ? / Are you an Englishman or an American ?(06北京海淀区,31)Would you like something to drink, ___ or coffee ---Coffee, please.A teaB fruitC breadD meat②特殊问句+选择答案1+or+选择答案2?who runs fast, Tom , Mary or Li lei .(05 南通) --- _______ Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine? ---_______.A. Yes, a dictionaryB. No , a magazineC. A dictionaryD. Yes, both⑭.反意疑问句:反意疑问句是在陈述句之后,对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问. 疑问部分与陈述部分用逗号隔开,句末用问号.陈述部分+提问部分。

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