必修4 unit1 知识点讲练
人教版高一英语必修4unit1知识点讲解教案
Unit 1 Women of achievementmon sense 常识；common practice常规，惯例have… in common with sb与…有共同之处；共同拥有(1)It is a common practice to make an appointment before going to see a doctor in western countries.(2)We are good friends though we have nothing in common.(3)The couple have this house in common.(4)Jack,in common with other boys, is crazy about computer games.(5)What do you think these two scientists have in common?2.concern oneself with 关注；对……感兴趣 be concerned about/for 担心；忧虑 be concerned about/with 对…感兴趣；关注be concerned that…担心/担忧…… as far as sb be concerned就某人而言 concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的，关心的 concerning prep. 关于(1)The president is deeply concerned about this issue.(2)They were more concerned with what other women wore at the meeting.(3)She was concerned that she might miss the turning point and got lost.(4)The old woman concerns herself with the sewing work,paying attention to nothing else around her.(5)She was quite concerned about/for her son’s safety, so she was not concerned about/with what was happening around her.3.devote…to…致力于；把…奉献于… devote sth to…把…用于… be devoted to致力于；奉献于；专注于 devotion n.挚爱，奉献；热心 devoted adj.挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的(1)Chinese woman scientist Tu Youyou devoted herself to discovering artemisinin（青蒿素）,which has led her to the Nobel Prize for medicine.(2)I could only devote two hours a day to work on this project.(3)His devotion to his wife and family is touching.(4)You’d better devote as much time as possible to practicing your spoken English.4.rather than 而不是would…rather than…;would rather…than…;prefer to do…rather than do…(1)I think I will have a cold drink rather than a coffee.(2)Why don’t you ask for help,rather than trying to do it on your own?(3)You，rather than I,are to blame for the failure of the experiment.(4)I prefer to stay indoors rather than go shopping at weekends.(5)The poor boy would beg from door to door rather than ask his step mother for help.(6)Rather than throw the remaining vegetables away,the farmer would sell them at half price.(7)The father,rather than his children was to answer for the accident.(answer for 对…负责)5.behave vi. vt. 举动；（举止或行为）表现 bahaviour n.行为；举止；态度behave well/badly be on one’s best behaviour 尽量表现得体 behave oneself 表现得体(1)They behaved very badly towards their guests.(2)He behaved as if nothing had happened.(3)We hadn’t thought that the boy behaved so badly at school.6.leave+宾语+宾补使…处于…状态宾补由介词短语，形容词或者分词充当。
高中英语 译林版必修4 江苏专版 精致讲义：Unit 1 Section 1
“Advertising is a form of commercial mass communication designed to promote the sale of a product or service, or a message on behalf of an institution, an organization, or a candidate for political office.”Advertising can be looked at from various perspectives. As the quote above states, its purpose is to increase the number of articles or products sold. These are not only things we can buy in different stores, for example clothing or supplies for our daily life, but also such simple things as a message placed by an institution or organization asking for the attention of the public to raise money or to make them aware of a problem, such as antismoking ads. Even political parties use advertisements and commercials to state the opinion of their candidates.Advertising became big business in the 20th century, offering many different jobs in advertising agencies and the marketing section. The use of the media, like newspapers, television, the radio, magazines, outdoor signs and of course the Internet makes this growth possible. It is a form of transporting information to the consumer, and it does not only have positive sides. There are many critical aspects about it, like persuading people into doing unhealthy things or producing special stereotypes everybody tries to follow.However, advertising has become international, since producers and companies try to sell their products on a globalized market in almost every corner of the world.,[阅读障碍词]1．candidate n．候选人，候补人2．critical adj.批评(性)的；极为重要的，关键的3．stereotype n．模式化的形象Please match the words with their proper meanings.1．promote A．make someone agree to do sth. by giving them reasons why they should2．comment B．stop someone from being affected by an illness3．cheat C．a written or spoken remark giving an opinion4．innocent D．ask for information or advice from sb. because it is their job to know sth.5．trick E．to help sell a product, service, etc. or make it more popular, for example by advertising6．persuade F．an unfair thing you do to harm someone or get an advantage for yourself7．cure G ．treat someone dishonestly8．consult H ．not guilty of a crime答案：1～5 ECGHF 6～8 ABDCan you think of a good slogan for each ad?答案：1.Never delete green, keep it forever!2．Taiwan, China!Ⅰ.Fastreading1．Skim the text and then we know that there are two main types of advertisements. They'recommercial_advertisements_and_public_service_advertisements_(PSAs)．2．The author wrote this article in order to help_us_get_a_comprehensive/thorough_understanding_of_ads.Ⅱ.Carefulreading(Ⅰ)Read the text and decide whether the following statements are true (T ) or false (F )．1．Ads mainly use written words to persuade people to buy a product or service.( F )2．Commercial ads have more effect on society than PSAs.( F )3．Some skilful methods used in commercial ads are hard to recognize.( T )4．Not all ads are run free of charge.( T )5．Not all PSAs deal with social concerns.( T )(Ⅱ)Fill in each blank with no more than three words according to the text.Introduction We get used to advertisements as they (1)appear wherever we go. Theycan be found in places like newspapers, magazines, the Internet, radio and television to persuade people into (2)buying/purchasing a product orservice, or into believing in an idea.Two types of ads Commercial adsPSAs Characteristic s ▲Be not free for (3)advertising a product or service.▲Use skilful methods to promote things.▲Play tricks on people and often don't tell people (4)the_truth.▲Be (5)free_of_charge toeducate people abouthealth, safety, or any otherproblem that affects publicwelfare.▲Use some of the samemethods including attractive pictures and clever language to serve thepublic.▲Aim to teach us and helpus to (6)lead_better_lives.▲Be (7)beneficial_to thepublic instead of foolingthem.(8)Examples ▲Bright Teeth fights bad breath!▲You are proud of your cooking, so shouldn 't you buy the very freshest food ？▲Yes to life, no to drugs .▲Knowledge changes life .▲Project Hope — educatingevery child .▲When you smokecigarettes, you are slowlykillingyourself .Conclusion ▲We must not fall for commercial ads.▲(9)Think_twice before you take action to buy the promoted product or service.▲We should be (10)intelligent/clever/bright/smart when facingadvertisements.Ⅲ.StudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1．We are so used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.[句式分析][尝试翻译] 我们对广告太习以为常了，甚至常常意识不到一天当中能看到和听到多少广告。
译林版高中英语学案选择性必修第四册精品课件 Unit 1 单元知识滚动练
5. 火柴应该放在小孩够不到的地方。 Matches should be kept_w_h_e_r_e__c_h_il_d_r_en__c_a_n_’_t_r_e_a_c_h__th_e_m__. 6. 只要努力学习，你一定能通过考试。 You are sure to pass the exam_a_s__lo_n_g__a_s__y_o_u__s_tu_d_y__h_a_r_d_. 7. 无论他来还是不来，我们都将准时开会。 We’ll start our meeting on time_w_h_e_t_h_e_r_h_e__c_o_m__e_s_o_r__n_o_t_. 8. 我第一次见他时，他给我留下了好印象。 He left me a good impression_t_h_e__fi_r_st__t_im__e__I _m__e_t _h_i_m__.
Ⅲ.短语填空
make one’s fortune,lose contact with,tear down,arm in arm,contribute to,take it seriously,weigh on,at the mercy of
1. He went to Guangzhou with his wife, hoping to _m_a_k_e__t_h_e_ir__f_o_rt_u_n_e_ there. 2. He left home for work in 2000 and _l_o_s_t _c_o_n_t_ac_t__w_i_th__ his family three years later. 3. She knows how your brother’s disappearance _w_e_i_g_h_s__o_n_ you. 4. The old building _w_a_s__t_o_rn__d_o_w__n_ last year and a new one is being built there. 5. Every morning, the young couple take a walk in the nearby park,_a_rm___i_n__ar_m__. 6. After the boat’s motor failed, they were _a_t__th_e__m_e_r_c_y__o_f_ the weather. 7. The new economic policy will _c_o_n_tr_i_b_u_te__t_o_ reducing the inflation. 8. If we _t_ak_e__i_t_s_e_r_io_u_s_l_y_, we will certainly accomplish it soon.
高中英语知识点总结必修4Unit 1 单词 argue
They argued me buying a new bike.
③他反对吸烟，而且坚持认为吸烟有害健康是无可争辩的事实。
He argued smoking, and insisted that it was argument that smoking was harmful to health.
答案:①with; about/over②into③against;
argue for/against支持/反对
联想拓展
argument n.论点；争论;论据
settle an argument解决争端
beyond argument无可争辩
We argued that we should be paid more.
我们据理are arguing with the officials over foreign policies.
高中英语知识点总结必修4Unit 1单词argue
argue with sb. about/over sth.就某事和某人争辩
argue sb. into/out of doing=persuade sb. to/not to do
=persuade sb. into/out of doing说服某人做/不做某事
他们正就外交政策与官员们进行辩论。
They argued the park into lowering the price.
他们说服公园降了价。高手过招
完成句子（原创）
①我们总是就金钱的问题而争论。
We are always arguing each other money.
②他们说服我买了辆新的自行车。
人教版高中英语必修4unit1课文知识点详解
归纳总结 observe _v_t_._看__到__；__观__察__到__；__注__意__到__；__遵__守_。 observe属于感观动词，在主动语态中，作宾补的不 定式 不带to ,但在被动语态中则必须 用to 。 observe+宾语+do/doing sth.看到，察觉到某人做 某事/正在做某事 observe sth.观察(注意到)某事物 observe that...观察到…… observe on/upon sth.关于……陈述意见 observe a child’s behavior观察一个孩子的行为 observe the terms of a contract遵守合同的条款
A library with 100 books was denoted to our school
3.She is leading a busy life but she says： “Once I stop,it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.”她 的生活是繁忙的，然而，她却说：“我一旦停下 来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验 室里的黑猩猩。” 考点提炼 once I stop是once引导的_时__间__状__语_ 从句,主句是由_a_n_d连接的两个并列分句,crowding in为现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰comes。
Book 4
Unit 1 Women of achievement
基础落实
Ⅰ.高频单词思忆
1.They started a campaign to protect the wildlife.
2.Recently they have held a fierce argument about the advantages and disadvantages of ads.
高中英语必修4第一单元知识点
必修四unit oneachieve [ 3‘t j i：v] vt.完成；达至U【经典例句】By hard working we can achieve anything. 只要我们努力,任何事情都能成功.【考点聚焦】同义词：accomplish v.完成(任务等)；2)名词：achievement成就；功绩entertain—entertainment,move -movement,equip -equipmentjudge—judg(e)mentm,等.3) achieve的常见搭配：我的记忆卡achieve success获得成功achieve victory 取得胜禾1achieve one ' s purpose 目的achieve one ' sOm 目标achieve a good result彳导至U好的结果achieve one ' s go现某人的目标2) mean的用法Mean doing sth. 意味着做…Eg. Doing such a thing means wasting time.mean to do sth 打算做某事eg. Do you mean to go without moneybehave [b工*heIv] vt. & vi.举动；举止；行为表现【经典例句】He behaved with great courage in the battle. 他在这次战斗中表现得非常勇敢.【考点聚焦】1〕 behavio〔u〕r n.举止；行为；表现；misbehavio〔u〕r n.不良行为2〕常用搭配：behave oneself使举止好；使举止规矩worthwhile [w 3 :日〔h〕wa工l] adj.值得花时间〔精力〕的；有价值的【经典例句】It is worthwhile to visit the museum. 参观这个博物馆是值得的.【考点聚焦】1〕区别worthwhile与worth , worthy的用法：worthwhile意为值得〞,指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的.如：It is worthwhile to read the book.=It is worthwhile reading the book.= Reading the book is worthwhile.这本书值得一读.但不可以说The book is worthwhile reading.worth表示访值……〞时,后接价值数量词；当表示值得〞时,后接名词、代词或动名词〔不能接不定式〕,常用well修饰,不用very.如：This laptop is worth 10 000 yuan and it is well worth buying.这台笔记本电脑值10 000元,很值得买.worthy表示值得〞时,常作表语,结构为worthy of sth..如：It is a worthy cause and worthy of our hardworking.这是一份高尚的事业,值得我们努力. worthy后面还可接动名词或不定式,结构分别是worthy of being done和worthy to be done.如：The incident is worthy of being remembered.=The incident is worthy to be remembered .这次事件值得纪念.observe [nb1z3：v] vt.观察；观测；遵守【经典例句】We should strictly observe the discipline. 我们应该严格遵守纪律.1)同根词：observer n.观察者observation n.观察；观测2)observe 的用法：They were observed to enter the bank/entering the bank. 他们被注意着进了专艮行.The boy observed what was going on between Tom and his sister.这个男孩注意着汤姆和他姐姐之间所发生的事.〔3〕举行〔仪式等〕,庆祝〔节日等〕Do you observe Christmas Day_in your country 你们国家的人庆祝圣诞节吗3〕当表示看“时,observe, watch, see, notice 的区另U：observe相当于watch carefully ,指从不同的角度长时间地看并研究, 尤其用于实验或研究等场合,如observe the stars 〔观察星星〕,observe the behavior of birds 〔观察鸟类的习性〕等；watch意为看；观看,特别留意、感兴趣地看运动着的东西〞.如watch TV 〔看电视〕,watcha game 〔观看比赛〕等；outEg. I can ' t work out the meaning of the poem〔, 说出〕Things have worked out badly.〔进行,开展〕Work out his income 〔算出〕Work out a plan 〔制定,拟定〕argue [' a： gju ： ] vi.争论；辩论vt.争论；说服【经典例句] He argued that the experiment could be done in another way.他认为这项实验可以换一种方法做.2〕argue的用法：argue with over sth.由于.... 和 ... 争辩,如：They are arguing with the officials over foreign policies. 他们正就夕卜交政策与官员们进行辩论. argue+that 从句,如：We argued that we should be paid more.我们据理力争我们应该得到更高的薪水.argue for/against提出理由支持/反对,如：He argued against the use of animals in this experiment. 他反对用动物做这个实验.entertainment [匚付4te工n、[nt] n.款待；娱乐；娱乐表演例句】This is a serious novel, not an entertainment. 这是一本严肃的小说,不是消遣读物.【考点聚焦】1〕同根词：entertain v.招待；款待；使...... 欢乐；给..... 娱乐；entertaining adj.使人愉快的；有趣的2〕与entertainment相关的词组：provide entertainment for... 为..... 提供娱乐give an entertainment to sb.招待某人inspire [〈n Ml spa焉]vt.鼓舞；感动；激发；启示【经典例句】We are all inspired by the heroic deeds of Dr. Bethune.白求恩的英雄事迹使我们大家深受鼓舞.【考点聚焦】1〕名词：inspiration n.灵感；启发；鼓舞人的事或人2〕inspire 的用法：His speech inspired us.他的发言鼓舞了我们.He inspired me to try again. 他鼓励我再试一次.3〕inspiring 和inspired 的区另kThe students were all inspired by the inspiring song.学生们都被这首振奋人心的歌曲所鼓舞.communication [k ^J mju : n,'ke工」n] n.通讯；通信；交流【经典例句】He has been in communication with his family. 他一直与家里保持联系.strike [stra工k] v.打击；才T动n.罢工；袭击【经典例句】The union leaders called on a strike .工会领导号召罢工.【考点聚焦】1〕同根词：striker n.罢工者；打击者；striking adj.惹人注目的；打击的；stike 的过去式是struck, 过去分词是struck 或stricken,现在分词是striking.2〕strike的其他一些词义：vt.打；敲；击；袭击；击中；划火柴.如：I struck a match and held it to his cigarette. 我划着一根火柴伸到他的烟上.vt.忽然想起；某种想法忽然出现；给人留下印象.如：An idea suddenly struck me.我忽然心生一计.consideration [k = n^s工d n'reiJ^n] n.考虑；体谅【经典例句】After long consideration he agreed to their requests.考虑许久以后,他同意了他们的请求.【考点聚焦】1〕同根词：considerate adj.体贴人的；体谅人的；considered adj.经过深思熟虑的；considering prep.考虑至U; 就....而论2〕动词consider 〔vt.考虑；认为〕的用法：后接名词、动名词、疑问词+不定式或宾语从句.如：I' m conseding changing my job.我正考虑换个工作. 〔接动名词〕take sth. into consideration 考虑至UYour teacher will take your recent illness into consideration when judging your paper.deliver [d工'口g] vt.递送；生〔小孩〕；发表〔演说等〕【经典例句】The professor delivered a lecture to us yesterday.教授昨天给我们作了个讲座.【考点聚焦】1〕名词：delivery n.投递；发送;分娩2〕deliver作生〔小孩〕“解时与bear的区别:She was delivered of a healthy boy. 她生下一个健康的男孩儿.bear作生育〞解时是及物动词,如：She bore 〔has borne〕six children.她生了六个孩子.短语巧记典句考点either...or 不是.... 就是....【经典例句】She is either drunk or mad.她不是醉了就是疯了.2〕在either...or的句子中,谓语动词的单复数根据就近的主语而定.如：Either you or your twin sister has broken the glass. 不是你就是你的双胞胎姐姐打碎了杯子.同类用法有：neither...nor两者都不......neither...nor的反义词为both...and两者'都 ..... ",谓语动词那么为复数.be determined to do sth. 决心做某事【经典例句】We are determined to succeed this time.这次我们决心要取得成功.【考点聚焦】1〕同义词组：make up one' s mind 〔to do sth.〕2〕determine vt.〔使〕决定；确定,其用法如下：determine+不定式,如：He determined to learn English.他决定学英语.determine+从句,如：He determined that he would leave.他决定离开.3〕be determined to do sth.短语中determined是形容词,意为坚决的“,还可作定语.如：Madame Curie was a determined woman and set a good example to us.居里夫人是一位坚强的女性,给我们树立了好典范.argue for提供支持的理由,为支持....... 而辩论【经典例句】The workers argued for the right to strike.工人们为争取罢工的权力而辩论.【考点聚焦】1)常用搭配：argue with (over)sth.与某人辩论某事,如：They are arguing with their classmates about the solution to the problem. 他们正和同班同学争论这个难题的解决方案.2)注意argue后面的介词for和against分别表示不同的含义：Some people argue for free trade.一些人为支持自由贸易辩论. Some people argue against free trade.——些人为反对自由贸易辩论. look downupon/on 看不起,轻视例句】I hope you don ' t look down upon/on this kind of work.我希望你不要看不起这种工作. 反义词组：think highly of2)以look为核心构成的短语：care for喜欢；照顾【经典例句】Do you care for art你喜欢艺术吗【考点聚焦】1)care for作照顾〞解时,同义词是look after, take care of.2)care for 与care about, take care, take care of 的区另U ：care about指“担忧；关心〞；take care常用于口语中,意为留神；注意〞；或用于分别时或信末时表示保重〞；take care of指照顾；照料；保护〞；3)当care for表示喜欢；想要〞时,常用于疑问句或否认句.as well as除.... 之外还；也；和【经典例句】It is important for you as well as for me.这对于你我同样重要.【考点聚焦】掌握as well as与as well, as good as的区别：as well as相当于介词,用于肯定句中,起连接作用.当主语后面跟有as well as引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定.如：The teacher as well as the students was excited. 老和学生——样冲动.as well指也；又“,用于肯定句句尾,相当于too, also.如：He is a scientist, but he is a poet as well. 他是一个科学家,也是一个诗人.as good as指几乎(是)；等于是“.如：He is as good as dead他几乎是半死不活了.devote...to 把 ... 奉献给【经典例句】He devoted all his life to the cause of education.他将全部生命献给了教育事业. 2)devote oneself to献身于；致力于；专心于；沉溺于.如：He devoted himself completely to work. 他专心于工作.3) 1)devote oneself /sth. to (doing) sth.献身于...... ；致力于..... 如：He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 他把一生都献给了为人类谋福利.He devoted his life to promoting/ the promotion of the world peace. 他——生促进世界和平的开展devoted(adj.)深爱的,全心全意的,忠实的a devoted friendShe is devoted to her family. 她深爱她的家庭.句子剖析拓展Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙,这才使她得以开始自己的方案.这是一个倒装句.正常语序的陈述句应当是She was allowed to begin her project after hermother came to help her for the first few 位于句首修饰状语时,主句用倒装结构.“ Only +状语〞开头的句子要用倒装Eg. Only in this way can we learn English betterOnly then did I realize my mistake.直到那时我才知道我的错误.For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals简古多尔帮助世界上的其他人了解并尊重这些动物的生活.【剖析】1)这个句子用的是现在完成进行时,其结构是have (has) + been+动t-ing形式,它表示从过去某个时间开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在,可能还会再进行下去.2)the rest of的后面可接可数名词, 也可接不可数名词, 但要注意其后面接的词的单复数, 以便决定后面动词的单复数形式.如：The rest of the money was given to his son.他把剩下的钱都给了他的儿子.The rest of the sailors were missing.其余的水手都失踪了.【拓展】辨析：现在完成时与现在完成进行时现在完成时表示动作开始于过去,到现在已经完成了,并且对现在产生了一定影响或结果.如：—What have you done 你干了什么— I have broken a teapot.我打碎了一把茶壶.而现在完成进行时更强调动作的持续性.如：—What have you been doing 你一直在做什么— I have been practising the piano.我一直在练弹钢琴.I did not realize that my homework was to change my life.我没有意识到我的作业竟会改变我的生活.【剖析】这是一个以that引导的宾语从句.在这个宾语从句中, was to change属于“be+F定式〞结构,此处表示不可防止的、将要发生的、命中注定的事如：We were sure then that he was to become a very important person.我们当时确信他会成为一位重要人物.【拓展】1) “be动词不定式〞通常用来表示方案、打算(=be going to)〞.如：The line is to be opened to traffic on National Day. 这条铁路将在国庆节通车.2) “be+词不定式〞还可表示命令,意为必须；不得不如：You are to do your homework before you watch TV. 你得做完作业才能看电视.It struck me like lightening how difficult it must have been for a woman to get a medical training so long ago when women ' s education was always placed second to men ' s. 这想法闪电般地划过我的脑海,在那久远的年代,当妇女的教育总是次于男性的时候,一个女子去学医一定是相当困难的.1)在这个句子中,it是形式主语,真正的主语很长,是由how difficult引导的主语从句.2)how difficult引导的主语从句中还包含一个由when引导的定语从句,修饰so long ago.3) “must have+去分词〞用来表示对过去某种情况的推测,可能性极大,意为〜定,肯定发生了某事",只用于肯定句,在疑问句或否认句中常用can/could代替.如：Where can John have put the matches He can ' t have thrown them away.约翰把火柴放到哪里去了他不可能把火柴扔了.Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her good nature that had got her into medical school.进一步阅读使我了解到,是苦干、决心和蔼良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门.1)本句主干结构是：reading made me realize that....是主语+谓语+宾语+宾补的结构.2)that it was hard work and determination as well as her good nature that had got her into medicalschool是一个由that引导的宾语从句, 作realize的宾语；从句中还有一个以it was that…开头的强调句,被强调的局部是hard work, determination和good nature.3〕further是形容词far的比拟级.far的另一个比拟级是farther.farther意思是 "〔距离、时间上〕更远〞,further意思是更远〞或“〔程度上〕更进一步〞.如：Can you go any farther 你还走得动吗【拓展】强调句型1〕强调的成分有主语、宾语、宾补,还可以强调时间状语、地点状语、原因状语或方式状语, 但不能强调句子的谓语动词.连接词均用that〔强调人时可用who〕,而不用when, where,why 等.强调句在强调主语时,that/who后边的动词应和主语在人称和数上保持一致.如果强调疑问词,应该把疑问词放在句首.如：It is my parents who/that are singing in the next room. 在隔壁唱歌的是我父母.When is it that we ' ll hold a meeting会是在什么时候2〕强调句中的谓语动词be可以演变为might be或must have been等形式.如：It might be tomorrow that we should arrive. 我彳门大约在明天至U达.3〕not...until…句式的强调句形式为It wasn ' t until...that.如：It was not until yesterday that I finished the book.直到昨天我才完成这本书.〔原句为：I didn ' t finish the book until yesterday.〕语法剖析主谓一致所谓主谓一致就是在句子中,谓语动词必须在人称和数上和主语保持一致.主语一致的情况如果表示的是同一人或物、同一观念时,谓语动词用单数形式.如：Bread and butter is nutritious.奶油面包是有营养的.②两个作主语的名词或代词由or, not only...but also..., either...or..., neither...nor…连接时,谓语动词应遵循就近原那么,与后面那个主语的人称和数保持一致.如：Neither you nor he is late.你和他者B没有迟至U.③由and连接两个表示单数概念的名词作主语,其主语有every, each, no, many a等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式.如：Every teacher and every student is interested in collecting.所有的老师和同学者B对收藏感兴趣.④当主语是单数的时候, 即使其后有with , along with , together with , as well as, rather than,like , besides, but, except, in addition to等词引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式.如：A woman with two children was seen walking down the street.有人看到一个妇女带着两个小孩朝街道那边走去了.2〕单一名词作主语时的主谓一致①有些学科名词,在形式上虽然是复数形式, 但其实质意义表示单数概念. 它们作主语时谓语动词用单数形式.如：No news is good news.没消息就是好消息.〔谚语〕②表示偶数出现、且不能拆成单数的工具名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式.如：My glasses are broken.我的眼镜被打碎了.③动名词、不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,从句作主语时也用单数形式.如：Seeing is believing.眼见为实.〔百闻不如一见〕④有些集体名词既可以表示单数, 又可以表示复数,这类集体名词作主语时, 如果它们所表示的人或物是作为一个整体来理解,谓语动词用单数形式；如果作为假设干个体来理解,那么谓语动词用复数形式.如：Our class is diligent.我们班的同学都很刻苦.Our class are visiting the park next week.我们班下星期要参观那个公园.其他情况的主谓一致1)the+形容词“the+容词〞表类别、一类人或物,当它表示一类人时谓语动词用复数,当它表示一类物时谓语动词用单数.如：The beauty is hers.这些漂亮的玩意是她的. (表物)2)在one of+复数名词或代词+从句这样的结构中,谓语动词用单数形式.如：One of them is American.他们当中有一个是美国人.可用于这样结构的还有：neither of, either of, each of等.3) none of none of后面如果连接的是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式.如果后面接的是可数名词,那么谓语动词既可用单数,也可用复数.如：None of his classmates knows ( know) the truth.他的同学都不知道事情的真相.4) number ofnumber of前加a表示许多的、大量的“,其后接复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式.number of前加the表示数量、数目,其后无论接可数名词还是不可数名词,谓语动词都用单数形式.如：A number of people have moved into new houses.许多人搬进了新房.The number of students in class is thirty.教室里有30 人在上课.5) there be+并列主语在there be+并列主语这一句型中,一般情况下谓语动词的选择遵循就近原那么,与最近的一个主语的人称和数保持一致.如：There is a pen and two books on the desk.桌上有一枝笔和两本书.6) many a/more than one...many a/more than one + 单数可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式, 意为不止一个“.如：Many a student is having practice.许多同学正在练习.More than one student was late for school.昨天不止——个人上学迟至U 了.more than two (three...) +复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,意为两个(三个……)以上〞.如：More than two students were late for school yesterday.昨天有两个以上的学生迟到了.7) 主语为表示距离、时间、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式.如：Four kilometers is not very far.四公里不算远.8) 分数或百分数+of+词组在分数或百分数+of+词组作主语时,谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式.如：Two fifths of students are girls.有五分之二的学生是女生.Ten percent of families owns a %的家庭有小汽车.。
人教版book4u4知识点(学生版)必修四 Unit 1 Women of achievement
B4U1 Women of achievement Language points核心单词1. achievement n.［C］成就；功绩;\[U\]实现；完成；达到联想拓展achieve v.取得，实现achieve an aim/a goal达到目标achieve success 获得成功He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. 他因科学上取得的成就而获得诺贝尔奖。
Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement. 首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。
高手过招完成句子①没有人民的支持，我们将一事无成。
Without the support of the people we can .②我只完成了我所希望完成的工作的一半。
I have achieved only half of I hope to do.③祝贺你获得这样完美的胜利。
Congratulations to you (介词) such a complete victory.2. behave vi.举止，行为，表现；（机器等）工作，运转（常与well/badly等副词连用）vt.守规矩；举止有礼常用结构：behave oneself 使某人自己举止规矩Behave yourself; don’t make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。
How is your new car behaving? 你的新车性能如何？联想拓展behaviour n. (人的)言行举止，行为；（动物）习性，自学成才behaviour towards/to... 对……的态度/行为高手过招(1)单项填空①David is quite well in school. He obeys the teachers and gets As in all his subjects. （2009山东潍坊检测）A. behavedB. concernedC. involvedD. respected(2)完成句子①父母让孩子们在客人面前举止礼貌。
外研社 高中英语必修四课文知识点归纳总结
外研版高一必修4知识点归纳Unit 1 Life in the Future重点词汇：alternative; arrest; brick; concrete; criminal; disability; entertainment 重点短语in the future 将来care for 照顾；关心plenty of 大量的think about考虑instead of 代替be able to能够attach to连接到；附属于have an accident 发生意外；出事故for a start开始on the way out 在路上a few of一些be made of由…制成throw away扔掉；丢弃for sure确定place an order 排列顺序语言点用法过关1. alternative adj. 替换的，可供选择的（二者中）选择其一的考点归纳(1) alternative energy 替代能源alternative ways 可供选择的方法(2) have no alternative but to do 除……别无选择as an alternative 作为一种变通的方法alternative to ……的替代物辨析：alternative 强调必须从两或多个中选一个choice 强调自由选择，不论选择的方式多或少preference 强调按自己喜欢的方式进行选择2. run out用完；耗尽考点归纳run after 追求；追赶run at 冲向；突袭run away 逃走；逃跑run into 偶然遇见；撞上；陷入3. rely on依赖；依靠考点归纳rely on/ upon s./ 依赖/依靠rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事rely on it that…相信……指望……辨析rely on 强调凭借经验判断是否可以相信或依赖，侧重于从人品、感情方面的依赖、信赖。
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1．By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi，a specialist in women's diseases.(p.6)我偶然碰见一篇关于林巧稚医生，一位妇科疾病专家的文章。
►词语链接come across ＝run across ＝meet by chance(偶然) 遇见；碰见come about ＝happen 发生come from 来自come out 出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出come up 升起；发生；出现come up with sth.找到或提出(答案﹑办法等)(1)I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。
(2)She came across some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。
►即学即练用come短语的适当形式填空。
(1)I________________ some new words while reading.(2)His new book will______________ next month.(3)She________________a new idea for increasing sales.(4)Can you tell me how the accident__________________？(5)How did it______________ that he knew where we were?答案：(1)came across(2)come out(3)came up with(4)came about(5)come about2．I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.(p.6)我细细地读了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。
►词语链接intend v t.计划；打算intention n．意图，意向，目的intend to do/doing sth.＝mean to do sth.打算做某事sth.be intended for (某物)是为……而准备的intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事intend sth.as/to be 打算让某物作……用intend that...打算……(1)I hear they intend to marry/intend marrying.听说他们要结婚了。
(2)I intend you to take over.我打算让你来接管。
►即学即练根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或短语。
(1)This book is__________________________(是为初学者写的)．(2)Was that remark intended______________(介词) a joke?(3)I didn't intend her____________(see) the painting until it was finished.答案：(1)intended for the beginner(2)as(3)to see3．There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi，tired after a day's work，went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.(p.6)数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭常常是不可能给她报酬的。
►词语链接deliver v t.给……接生，分娩；投递，传送，运送；演讲，宣布deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩deliver sth.to...把某物送到……express delivery快递deliver a speech 发表演说►思维拓展说出下列画线部分的意思。
(1)Which doctor delivered_the_baby？(接生了这个婴儿)(2)We delivered_your_order to your door.(送货)(3)He delivered_an_important_report at the meeting.(做了重要报告)(4)After he came into power，the President delivered_a_wonderful_speech．(发表了一篇精彩的演说)►即学即练根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。
(1)Some new books______________________the school.(已被派送到学校)(2)The actor ____________________(做演讲) in a soft voice.答案：(1)have been delivered to(2)delivered/gave a speech4．Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work？(p.6)为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她的事业呢？►词语链接carry on (doing sth./with sth.) 继续(做)某事carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计划/命令/指示carry sth.through 成功地完成某事物(1)Carry on (working/with your work) while I'm away.我不在的时候，要继续做工作。
(2)They decided to carry on in spite of the weather.他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持。
►即学即练根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或carry短语。
(1)____________(继续往前走) until you come to a bridge.(2)His determination ______________(使他渡过难关)．(3)Don't blame me.I'm only ____________my orders.(执行命令)答案：(1)Carry on(2)carried him through(3)carrying out巩固练习Ⅰ.根据所给的中文填上有关的单词或短语1．The city hall is planning to start a____________(运动)against smoking.2．I hope you will____________(支持)me in my decision.3．Don't____________(争论)with me，I have made up my mind；I won't change my decision.4．After careful____________(考虑)，he agreed to go there withus.5．He looked out through the window and_____________(观察)me walking along the street.6．There are many political and social ____________(组织) inthis country.7．Please have a rest in the____________(阴凉处)．8．He is____________(尊重)for his firm stand.9．Software should____________(举动)like a considerate human being.10．Hangzhou is such a beautiful place that it is____________(值得的)for us to visit there.答案：1.campaign 2.support 3.argue 4.consideration5．observed anizations7.shade8.respected9．behave10.worthwhileⅡ.短语填空refer to，look down on，by chance，carry on，come across，be intended for，care for，how about，second to，move off，crowd in，lead a hard life1．The cars were lined up，ready to ______________．2．It's impossible to__________a conversation with all the noise going on outside the house.3．I ________an old friend in the supermarket yesterday.4．I met her quite ________and we had a meal the other day.5．If you have any questions，please________the information given above.6．We should never________a person because of what his or her parents have done.7．Memories ________on him as soon as he met the friend whomhe had heard nothing of for over thirty years.8．The couple upstairs ________，and I always hear them quarrelling.9．________going fishing together with us this weekend?10．His composition is ________none in his class.11．These books __________children only.12．Who will ________the house while the family is away?答案：1.move off 2.carry on 3.came across4．by chance 5.refer to 6.look down upon7．crowded in8.lead a hard life9.How about10．second to11.are intended for12.care for三．单项填空。