人教版选修八Unit 1语法学案

Book8 unit1 Grammar名词性从句

名词性从句的功能: 功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。名词性从句:表语从句、宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句

一、主语从句

小组讨论，找出下列句子的主语并总结。

1.A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.

2.I don’t know if it will grow.

3.To give is better than to receive

4.That light travels in straight lines is known to all.

总结：主语可由____词、____词、数词、不定式、动名词和______等来承担。一般位于谓动词________。

一、小组讨论并判断下列句子那些是主语从句。Yes or No?

1.That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.

2.I think that you must work harder.

3.The fact is that we have lost the game.

4.When they will come is unknown.

5.Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.

6.Whatever you did is right.

7.What we need is time.

8.It is certain that he will win the match.

二．课堂练习：

（1）________he said was not true.

（2）________he likes most is reading.

（3）_______he is brave is true.

（4）_______ will take part in the meeting has not been decided.

（5）________she is from is unknown.

（6）________she keeps healthy is a secret.

（7）________can join in the sport meet is decided by the teacher.

（8）________book I shall choose hasn’t been decided.

三、主语从句特殊用法：

1. It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.

It + be + 名词/形容词+主语从句

2. It seems that he has seen the film. 似乎

It+不及物动词(seem, happen, matter)+主语从句

3. It is said that President Obama will visit our school next week. 据说…

It＋过去分词＋从句

总结：it 做形式主语，为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末。

四、主语从句在写作中的运用。

(1) ______________(众所周知)China launched their Shenzhou XI manned spaceship successfully on October 17,2016, carrying two Chinese astronauts, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong. After 33-days stay in space, they returned to the earth . In their opinion, (2) _____________ (这是他们的荣幸) that they were chosen to be the astronauts of Shenzhou XI spaceship. During their trip,(3) ____________(令他们惊讶的事) was that the gravity became very strong when their rocket rose into the air. However, (4)_______________(让他们振奋的事) was seeing the earth from space. They also said that it didn’t matter(5) ______________ (多么困难) They would finish the task with heart and soul. All in all, it is a new chapter for China’s space industry.

二、宾语从句

1、定义：在复合句中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

2、类别

1）动词后的宾语从句:

I heard_______ he would come here later on.

2）介词后的宾语从句:

He said nothing about ________ broke the window last night.

某些形容词或过去分词后的宾语从句

① I am not sure I ought to do.

3、宾语从句的引导词

(1) 从属连词that

① He told us ________________________. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。

② I know_______________________.我知道他已经回来了。（此处that可省略）

分析：从句中________(缺/不缺)句子成分，____（有/无）实际意义，

只起连接作用，所以填that

(2)从属连词if/whether。如：

① I doubt _____________________. 我怀疑他是否会成功。

②I don’t know __________________. 我不知道你能否帮助我。

分析：从句中_______(缺/不缺)句子成分，意为______,只起连接作用，所以填if/ whether

whether 与if 引导宾语从句的区别