定语从句讲解与练习
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习初中英语定语从句系统讲解及配套练（含答案）一．定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面.二、定语从句的关系词关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等;关系副词包括where，when，why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，限定性定语从句是先行词在乎义上不成短少的定语，假如去掉的话，主句的意义就不完全，意义就表述不明。
这类句型普通定语从句紧接先行词，如：I was the only person in myoffice who was invited.2.非限定性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分隔，起弥补申明感化，如省去，意义仍完全。
非限制性定语从句。
它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。
这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。
且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如：Michael Jaskon，who is the greatest singer in the world，passed away in 2010.如：Mary lived in the city of Hongkong，where used to be a small poor countryside.4、干系代词的用法1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题(含答案)
定语从句讲解1．基本介绍❶功能：相当于adj,修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
❷位置：被修饰词之后❸先行词：被定语从句修饰的词❹关系词：连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。
❺确定关系词的步骤：先看先行词，指的是什么；看关系词在充当的成份。
关系词用法成份例句that 人、物主、宾Is he the man that wants to see you?who 人主Is he the man who wants to see you?whom谁+N 主、宾He is the man whom I saw yesterday?whose 谁的+N 定语Please pass me the book whose cover is green.which 哪个、物主、宾This is the house which we bought last month.关系代词as 正主、宾、表As we all know,smoking is harmful to one’s health.when 什么时候There are occasions when(on which)are must yield.where 地点哪里Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born.关系副词why 表原因介词+whichIs this the reason why(for which) he refused ouroffer?二．特殊用法情况用法先行词只用that,不用which,指物宜用which，不用thatas/which的区别❶先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时关系词前有介词无先行词的定语从句中用as/which引导❷先行词被all/every/no/some/any/little/much/the only/the very/few等词修饰时引导非限制性定语（有逗号隔开的句子）从句❸先行词既有人又有物时先行词本身是that ❹先行词在主句中做表语as:“正如.....一样”，可置句首。
定语从句讲解和练习
定语从句复习提纲※定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
一，只用that不用which的情况1，当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。
如：Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.2，当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时。
例如： The only thing that we could do was to wait.That’s the very thing that we can do.3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
例如：The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.This is the best novel that I have ever read.4、被修饰词为数词时。
例如：Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.5、主句是There be结构，修饰主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。
例句：There’s still a room that is free.6、先行词中同时包括人和物时。
例如：We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered.He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.7、当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句要用that引导。
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习较全面
高中英语定语从句讲解与练习定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词〔关系代词或关系副词〕引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1〕who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
2〕whose 用来指人或物，〔只用作定语, 假如指物，它还可以同of which互换〕。
例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose 〔of which〕cover is green. 3〕which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. The package 〔which / that〕you are carrying is about to e unwrapped.18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1〕关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。
定语从句讲解及练习
定语从句1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有 3 个作用： 1 ，引导定语从句。
2 ，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom 作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用 , ⋯⋯的 ?表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
（一）关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that 既可代表事物也可代表人，which 代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which 在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
[eg ：this is the book（which）you want。
]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which 的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which ，但在带有下列词的句子中用that 而不用which ，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时 .还有句中前面有which 时 ,都只能用that4. who 和 whom 引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose 是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which调换,表达的意思一样。
定语从句详解及经典习题
定语从句1. 定语从句的结构及理解2. 定语从句的关系词的使用3. 定语从句的简化表达知识总结归纳（一）定语从句的结构：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词（关系代词或关系副词：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why）。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。
结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。
1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.（二）定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。
定语从句的详尽讲解和相关练习.doc
学习必备定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对其起限定作用。
例句分析： This is Xiao Wang.这是小王。
Xiao Wang gave us a talk yesterday小.王昨天给我们作了个报告。
我们可以将这两个句子合并为：This is Xiao Wang who (that) gave us a talk yesterday.（先行词）（定语从句）定语从句中的 who (that) 是关系代词，在这个定语从句中作定语从句的主语。
因为先行词是人，需用 who 或 that 引导定语从句。
在翻译时 who 不必译为“谁”，应译为“ 的”。
引导定语从句的关系代词，一是放在先行词与定语从句之间引导定语从句；二是在定语从句中充当某个成分。
引导定语从句的关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which引导定语从句的关系副词有：where,when,why一、who,whom,that 引导的定语从句。
这三个代词指人，它们引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人。
1．who 在从句中作主语。
如：This is the doctor who camehere yesterday这.就是昨天来的医生。
2． Whom 在从句中作宾语，可以省略。
如：The man (whom)you saw lasy week has left the town.上周你看见的那个人已离开城镇了。
注意：在从句中着介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom 之前，也可放在原来的位置上。
在含有介词的固定动词词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上。
如：a. The man from whom I borrowed the book is Li Lei . →The man whom Iborrowed the book from is Li Lei.我借书的那个南人是李磊。
定语从句讲解及练习
定语从句一定语从句（Attributive Clauses）由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：①引导定语从句。
②代替先行词。
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致1.who(主格，在定语从句中做主语), whom(宾格，做宾语)，两者“代替的是人”。
(1) Is he the man who wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who在从句中作主语）(2) He is the man (whom) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom在从句中作宾语，可省略）2.whose是所有格，用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(2) Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
作宾语时刻省略。
(1) Tom lost his favorite book, which made him very upset.汤姆丢了他最喜欢的书，这让他很不开心。
在非限制性定语从句中，which可指代前面讲到的整件事。
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定语从句讲解与练习在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词.引导定语从句的关系代词有who, which, that,关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语.(作宾语时可省略，放在介词后不可省。
)一.由who, 引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),修饰表示人的先行词. 例如:This is t he man who helped me.Do you know the comrade who spoke just now ?The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.二.that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语,修饰表示人或物的先行词,作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语.The letter (that//which) I received was from my father.I can’t find the letter that//which came this morning.Do you still remember the days (that//which)we spent together ? This is the man that//who helped me.The house (that//which) we live in is not large.=The house in which we live is not large.The doctor (that//whom //who)you are looking for is in the room.三. which引导的定语从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语,修饰表示物的先行词. 先行词可以是词、短语、句子。
This is the book (which/that ) you want.The building which//that stands near the river is our school.The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)The house (which/that) we live in is not large.This is the watch (which/that ) he was looking for.(在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在动词之后,不能放在which之前)四、that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词,1.但是下列情况只能用that.①.先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing 等. All (that) you have to do is to practise every day.There isn’t much (that) I can do.②.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film (that ) I have ever seen.③.先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等不定代词修饰时.I have read all the books (that) you gave me.④.先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时.The white flower is the only one that I really like.This is the very book that I want to read.This is the same book that I want to read. (同一本书)----This is the same book as I want to read.⑤.当主句以who或which 开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句that 引导.Who is the man that is standing there ?Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this ?⑥先行词既有人又有物时。
We talked about the persons and things that we could remember.⑦time做先行词，前面如果有序数词或last 来修饰时，定语从句用that 来引导或省略；如果没有序数词或last 来修饰时，既可用when 也可用that来引导。
This is the last time ( that ) I shall give you a lesson.The first time ( that ) I saw him was in 1972.It’s time ( that ) we got up.2.that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用whom）The person to whom I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize for which he worked so hard was a new bicycle. 五．定语从句中的主谓一致引导词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词人称和数要根据引导词所指内容而定。
1. Here are some sentences that are often used by the students. ( as指代sentences，谓语动词用are)。
2. I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.( who指代I, 谓语用am.)。
3. He was one of the students who were praised for it. ( who指代the students) 他是被表扬的学生之一。
4. He was the only one of the students who was praised for it.( who 指the only one) 他是唯一被表扬的学生。
I、用that 、which 、who、填空This is the man ____wants to see you.The man ___ you went to see has come.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday. The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.The first thing ___________ we should do is to clean the room. You should do all _________I told you to do.The book has nothing_____________interests me.This is the best film ________ has been shown this year. He took away everything __________ belonged to him.This is the very person___I need.I have read all the books__you gave me.He is the only person _____is right.I have read every book ___I can find.They talked much _________ had nothing to do with the matter. There is little ________ I can give you.I will never forget the day ____________ I spent with you.二、单项选择1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. whose2. The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A. in whichB. in that thisC. all thatD. in everything3. He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A. whomB. whoseC. thatD. which4. Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who5. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?A. what I needB.I needC. which I need itD. that I need it6.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing7.Didn’t you see the man ________?A. I nodded just nowB. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just now8.Is there anything else______ you require ?A. whichB. thatC. whoD. what9.The last place _______ we visited was the Great Wall .A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it10.He talked happily about the men and books ______ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. thatC. whoD. when11. Do you know the man _________?A. whom I spokeB. to who I spokeC. I spoke toD. thatI spoke12. This is one of the best films ________ this year.A. have been shownB. that have shownC. that have been shownD. which has been shown13.Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn ?A. that B x C. which D. it14.I’ve read all the books ______ were borrowed from the library.A. thatB. xC. whichD. they15. Jack is the only one of my friends who ______ helping me paint my house.A. is B are C. was D. were16.This is the last time _________ I shall give you a lesson.A. when B that C which D in which牛津初三英语宾语从句专项练习试卷宾语从句专项训练I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。