but,than引导定语从句和before,until用法辨析

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than引导定语从句

than引导定语从句

As、but和than通常都是以介词、连词等身份被大家所熟知,而它们居然可以摇身一变成为关系代词,在定语从句中做主语和宾语。

As As最基本的用法是做连词“与……一样”表示同级的比较,介词“作为”。

下面是它特殊的用法,例句:1。

He does not possess such qualifications as are necessary to be an actor。

他并不具备一名演员应有的资格。

2. She bought the same skirt as I had bought last week so I need to talk to her about it so we don't wear them the same at the same time. 她买的那条裙子和我上周买的一模一样,我要和她商量一下,免得“撞衫”。

上面两个例句中定语从句都使用了as作为关系代词,我们可以发现例句1中含有“such…as…”,例句2中含有“the same…as…”,由此可见,我们到底要不要使用as来做关系代词,可以根据句中是否出现了与as搭配的短语进行判断。

3. The murderer who had killed several people on the campus was finally arrested by the police, as was expected. 如我们所愿,那个在校园杀害数人的杀人犯终于被警方逮捕.该句中并未出现与as搭配的短语,此处的用法是as做关系代词指代前面整个句子,在定语从句中做主语。

But大家熟悉的but基本都是以转折连词的身份出现,但是它还兼职在做定语从句中的关系代词。

例句:There is no man but errs。

没有任何人能够不犯错误。

句中的先行词是man,but 自然就充当了关系代词的角色,但我们从句意中可以发现,but带有一层否定的意思,相当于“who not”。

连词but前后语法

连词but前后语法

连词but前后语法在英语语法中,连词but(但是)是一个经常被使用的词汇。

它用于将两个句子或短语进行连接,表达对比、转折或者递进的关系。

在使用连词but时,需要注意其前后的语法使用。

1. 对比关系(Contrast):连词but常用于连接两个相对于前面的情况或状态有对比的句子。

可以用于连接简单句或者复合句,但需要注意句子结构的一致性。

例句1:I like coffee, but my sister prefers tea.在这个例句中,连词but连接了两个对比的动作,表示我喜欢咖啡,但是我的姐姐更喜欢茶。

这个句子中,but连接了主语和谓语动词。

例句2:He is tired, but he needs to finish his work.这个例句中,but连接了两个复合句,表示他很累,但他需要完成工作。

需要注意的是,使用but连接时,句子结构应保持一致,以避免语法错误。

2. 转折关系(Contradiction):连词but还可以用于表达转折的关系,在两个相对的观点或情况之间进行转变。

使用but连接时,需要注意对比句子的逻辑关系和语法结构的一致性。

例句1:The weather was sunny, but suddenly it started to rain.在这个例句中,but连接了两个句子,表示天气晴朗,但突然下起了雨。

但是此时天气发生了突变,表示对比。

例句2:She was excited about the job offer, but she decided to decline it.这个例句中,but表达了两个相反的行为,表示她对这个工作机会感到兴奋,但最终决定不接受它。

但是是她的内心发生了转折,改变了她的决定。

3. 递进关系(Progression):除了对比和转折关系,but还可以用于表达递进的关系。

在表达递进的关系时,但需要注意保持语境的逻辑一致性。

例句1:He was tired, but he kept working.这个例句中,but表示了递进的关系,表示尽管他很累,但是他坚持工作。

考研完形填空红花绿叶词汇总总结

考研完形填空红花绿叶词汇总总结

Run (及物动词是表:管理,操控)同义词一般都不选however然而,但是=otherwise否则,但是Above all 首先,尤其是(表并列)完形填空:一、见到很可能选的词:1、一代红花(很可能选):however(一定有逗号,然后看意思—前后相反)入选概率大于but,有类似用法的有:for example=for instance;though(仅当副词的时候可以放句中,前后加逗号,当连词不行)nevertheless(然而,不过),it turns out(其结果是,被证明是,放句中,前后加逗号)AlthoughYet表示“尚未”(用在否定句或疑问句)—反义—already(已经,用于肯定句)Still表示无变化的延续性Eg:the guests are already here. But the meat is not ready yet. It still has to be cooked for another five minutes.特:have you finished the work already?You are very speedy表惊奇Because(从属连词,引导从句)——for(并列连词,引导并列句)(1)位置:because既可以放句首,也可以放句中;for当连词时只能放句中,For当介词时可以放在句首,既其后跟着的是名词或名词短语,跟句子则不行。

从属连词放句中时前面不能加逗号,并列连词放句中时前面逗号可加可不加Because(只能选)it was raining,i was lateI was late,for it was raining(2)because连词(跟句子),because of介词(后接名词)(3)Because= in thatwhile(转折,让步,并列)(1)放句首,一般表“尽管”,引导让步状语while he has time,it doesn’t mean he has capacity and patience.(2)而,而且=whereas,表示对比的并列关系you like sports while i like read (3)可以引导省略句,从句主语和主句主语相一致,从句是系表结构,同时满足时,可以省去从句中的主语和系动词;he will go to school while( he is) ill. Eg: the phenomenon provide a way for companies to remain globally competitive while(the phenomenon is被省略了)avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens. 因为前是to,后是ing,不能用and并列。

海南特岗教师考试英语语法:时间状语从句详解二

海南特岗教师考试英语语法:时间状语从句详解二

海南特岗教师考试英语语法:时间状语从句详解二【导语】海南教师招聘考试:/。

在海南教师招聘考试中,笔试知识点的复习向来是考生复习备考阶段的一大重点,其中中公教师考试网为笔试知识点的复习为考生提供知识点梳理,帮助考生备考!【时间状语从句】B. before, after1. beforebefore表示在一段时间之前。

I must finish all the work before I go home.回家之前我必须干完所有的活。

You must first learn to walk before you try to run.在想要跑以前,你得先学会走。

He had learned English for three years before he went to London.他去伦敦之前已学了三年英语。

【提示】before 从句往往带有否定的含义。

He ran off before I could stop him.我还没来得及阻止他,他就跑掉了。

Take it down before you forget it.趁着还没忘记的时候就记录下来。

【必背】before 常用句型 It is / was / will be +beforeIt will be five years before we meet again.五年以后我们才能再见。

It will be not long before you regret what you have done. 不用过多久你就会对你所作所为感到后悔的。

It was not long before I realized I was wrong.不久我就意识到我错了。

It was minutes before the police arrived.过了几分钟警察才到。

2. afterafter表在一段时间之后。

Let's play football after school is over.放学后我们踢足球吧。

before和until的用法异同点解析

before和until的用法异同点解析

before和until的用法异同点解析until 意为“到……为止”,before意为“在……之前”。

这两个词在用法上有交集,也有不同的方面。

交集方面:① 如果主句(或简单句)中的谓语动词为持续性动词如stand, live, stay, talk, be, wait,等的肯定式,用until或before均可,但在意义上有一定的差别。

如:She lived in the house until he came back. 她在那所房子里一直住到他回来。

(强调“到此为止”)She lived in the house before he came back. 在他回来之前,她一直住在那所房子里。

(强调“在……之前”)② 如果主句(或简单句)中的谓语动词为非持续性动词(即动作瞬间完成的)如open, start, leave, go, arrive, finish, begin, stop等的否定式,用until或before均可,且意义上没有差别。

如:The moon will not come out until / before the clouds disappear. 云散了月亮才会出现。

不同方面:① 如果主句(或简单句)中的谓语动词为非持续性动词(即动作瞬间完成的)的肯定式,只能用before,不可用until。

如:He had measured me before I could get in a word.我还没来得及插话,他就把我的尺寸量好了。

She fell asleep before I could take off her clothes. 我还没脱掉她的衣服,她就睡着了。

We arrived there before it started to rain. 我们在下雨前到了那里。

The holiday came to an end before I knew it. 我还没来得及知道假期就结束了。

but和than 定语从句

but和than 定语从句

but和than引导定语从句的用法一、but可被看作关系代词,引导定语从句,在句中作主语,在意义上相当于who not或that not,即用在否定词或具有否定意义的词后,构成双重否定。

①There is no mother but loves her children.没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。

②There was no one present but knew the story already.在场的人都知道这个故事。

二、than作关系代词时,一般用在形式为比较级的复合句中,其结构为形容词比较级(more)...than+从句,than在从句中作主语,相当于that,代表它前面的先行词。

这时,它兼有连词和代词的性质①The indoor swimming pool seems to bea great deal more luxurious than is necessary.室内游泳池过于豪华。

②He got more money than was wanted.他得到了更多的钱。

运用上述知识翻译下列句子:1.任何人都喜欢被赞扬。

(but)2.我们大家都想去桂林。

(but)3.没有人不同情那些贫困的孩子。

(but)4.我们班上没有一个人不想帮你。

(but)5.这件事情比想象的要复杂。

(than)6.这个广告的效果比预想的要好。

(than)7.这个问题看起来容易,实际上很难。

(than)8.他爸妈给他的零用钱总是超过他的需要。

(than)答案:1.There is no one but likes to be praised.2.There is no one of us but wishes to visit Guilin.3.There is no man but feels pity for those poor children.4.There is no one in our class but wants to help you.5.This matter is more complex/ complicated than is imagined.6.This advertisement is more affective than is expected.7.The problem may be more difficult in nature than would appear.8.He got more pocket money from his parents than was demanded.5.无论多么荒凉,多么难以行走的地方,人们也能把它变成战场?(but)5.There is no country so wild and difficult but will be made a theatre of war.。

届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(11)than,as和but作关系代词用法知识点总结整理

届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(11)than,as和but作关系代词用法知识点总结整理

2021届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义(11)than,as和but作关系代词用法知识点总结整理than, as, but作准关系代词的用法关系代词通常是用来引导定语从句的,than, as和but除了做基本连词外还可以作准关系代词,但是与which,who,that等关系代词不同,than, as和but引导的定语从句与典型的定语从句不太相像,因此称它们为准关系代词。

Than,as,but作准关系代词条件是:前面必须有先行词(名词)例:I have more money than you do (我比你有钱)He has as much money as I do (他和我的钱一样多)There is nothing but he knows(没有什么他不知道的)我们分别进行详细说明:1.Than 作准关系代词的用法Than 之前若有名词,则than = than + the + 前面的名词+ 关系代词(who, whom, which),因此可以将than 视为关系代词。

Than 作准关系代词通常出现在more …than,less…than, fewer…than等结构中,且在从句中可以充当主语,宾语和be动词后得表语。

例1. I have more money than is needed.(than作从句的主语)= I have more money than the money which is needed (我现有的钱比所需要的多)例2. I have more money than h e needs(than作从句的宾语)I have more money than the money which he needs(我现有的钱比他所需要的多)例3. heis a better student than you(are ).(than 作从句的表语)2.As 作准关系代词的用法as之前若有名词,则as = as + the + 前面的名词+ 关系代词(who, whom, which),因此可以将as 可视为关系代词,并在所引导的从句中作主语,宾语和be动词之后的表语。

but和than引导的定语从句

but和than引导的定语从句

but和than引导的定语从句由于长期模式化的学习,很多学习者对于定语从句的引导词就有了一种定势的理解,所以无法理解but和than可以充当定语从句中的关系词。

作为特殊的关系代词,but和than 在定语从句中也是充当主语或宾语。

But引导的定语从句相当于一个否定的结构who/which/that...not,表示某某人或事物不....;than引导的定语从句必须出现在比较级中,同时意义上保留“比”的意思。

but引导的定语从句前文已经说过but引导定语从句时的功能及其含义,以下有两个例句,在翻译时一定要注意将but翻译成who/that/which...not例1:Don’t be confined by rules. There is no rules but have exceptions.不要让规则限制了你,没有规则没有例外。

注释:此时but在从句中充当主语,从句相当于there is no rules which/that do not have exceptions。

例2:There is no man but admires her generosity and kind heart.没有人不赞赏她的慷慨和好心。

注释:此时but在从句中充当主语,相当于there is no man who does not admire her generosity and kind heart。

than 引导的定语从句than引导定语从句一定出现在比较级当中,所以在理解上也要将than的意义放进去。

例1:Children today are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family structure. (此时than在句中充当主语)与传统家庭结构相比,现代家庭结构中的孩子受到的管教表少了。

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but和than引导定语从句的用法
一、but可被看作关系代词,引导定语从句,在句中作主语,在意义上相当于 who not或that not,即用在否定词或具有否定意义的词后,构成双重否定。

如:①There is no mother but loves her children.没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。

②There was no one present but knew the story already.在场的人都知道这个故事。

二、than作关系代词时,一般用在形式为比较级的复合句中,其结构为形容词比较级(more)...than+从句,than在从句中作主语,相当于that,代表它前面的先行词。

(这时,它兼有连词和代词的性质,也有学者认为这种用法的than是连词,后面省略了主语what。


如:①The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxious than is necessary.室内游泳池过于豪华。

②He got more money than was wanted.他得到了更多的钱。

运用上述知识翻译下列句子:
1.任何人都喜欢被赞扬。

(but)
2.我们大家都想去桂林。

(but)
3.没有人不同情那些嗷嗷待哺的孩子。

(but)
4.我们班上没有一个人不想帮你。

(but)
5.无论多么荒凉,多么难以行走的地方,人们也能把它变成战畅(but)6.这件事情比想象的要复杂。

(than)
7.这个广告的效果比预想的要好。

(than)
8.这个问题看起来容易,实际上很难。

(than)
9.他爸妈给他的零用钱总是超过他的需要。

(than)
10.因为这项工程非常困难,所以需要投入更多的劳动力。

(than)
答案: 1.There is no one but likes to be praised.
2.There is no one of us but wishes to visit Guilin.
3.There is no man but feels pity for those starving children.4.There is no one in our class but wants to help you.
5.There is no country so wild and difficult but will be made a theatre of war.
6.This matter is more complex than is imagined.
7.This advertisement is more affective than is expected.
8.The problem may be more difficult in nature than would appear.9.He got more pocket money from his parents than was demanded.
10.The project requires more labor than has been put in because it is extremely difficult.
before 与until
在日常的英语学习中,我们遇到before和until时,往往会将二者搞错。

其实,只要我们能把握住两者在使用时本身的含义及主句动词是终止性的还是延续性的,是肯定式还是否定式两大特点,就能很容易地解决这类问题。

一。

Before表示“在… 之前”,而until表示“直到…才…”,主句肯定表示主句动作的终止时间,主句否定强调动作的起始时间。

1,主句为否定时,谓语动词为终止性动词。

常见的动词有open, start, leave,
go, arrive, finish, begin, stop, etc. For example:
1), The noise of the street didn’t stop before/until it was midnight.
2), The children won’t come back until/before it is dark.
3), I didn’t leave the lonely boy before/until his mother came home.
2,主句为肯定式,谓语为延续性动词。

这类动词有:stand, live, stay, talk, be,
wait, etc.
For example:
1). He lived with his parents until/before he graduated from school.
2). I will wait before/until he comes to my help.
3). I shall stay here until/before you come back.
二。

下列情况下宜用before不用until.
1。

主句为肯定式,谓语为终止性动词时只用before. For example:
1). He fell asleep before I could take off his clothes.
2). We arrived there before it started to rain.
3). The holiday came to an end before I knew it.
4). He almost knocked me down before he saw me.
2。

主句谓语动词强调动作的迟缓性,只用before,这时常伴有时间段状语或时间段暗示。

For example:
It was quite a long time before he found the elephant.过了很长时间,他才找到
大象。

We had walked a long way before we found some water.走了很长的路我们才找
到水。

We had sailed for two days before we saw the land.航行了两天我们才发现陆地。

It was midnight before my brother came home.我哥哥直到半夜才回来。

3。

如果强调从句谓语动作未发生就发生主句谓语动作,只用before,这时常译为“未及(不等)……就……” For example:
1)We can leave early in the morning before it gets too hot.趁天还不太热,我们上午早点离开。

2)I must write it down before I forget it.趁我还未忘,我必须把它记下来。

4。

表示“与其说……倒不如……”,“与其……毋宁……”的意思时只用before.
I would give up my job before I agree to be dismissed. 我与其被解雇还不如先
辞职。

He will die of hunger before he steals.他宁愿饿死也不愿意去偷。

5.在某些特定句型中用before。

It was (not) long before…(不久)过了很长时间才…
It will (not) be long before…(不到)要过很长时间才会… For example:
It will probably not be long before they understand each other. 他们大概过不久
就会互相了解。

It was not long before the whole country rose up. 不久全国人民奋起反抗。

三.下列情况一般使用until
1。

主句是持续性谓语动词时,肯定,否定都可以,但意义完全不同,肯定表示动作终止,而否定表示动作开始。

For example:
1).We discussed the problem until/before he came back. 我们一直讨论到他回来。

2).We didn’t d iscuss the problem until he came back. 我们一直等他回来才讨论问题。

2.Not…until…句型尽管在某些情况下可与before互换使用,但在强调句中一般仍用until; 1). It was not until he told me that I knew it.直到他告诉我我才知道这件事。

2).It was not until he finished his homework that he went home.直到完成作业他
才回家。

3放于句首时用until. For example:
Until he finished his homework ,he didn’t go home. 直到完成作业他才回家。

应注意:在使用not until时,若not until放于句首,句子应部分倒装。

For example:Not until he finished his homework,did he go home. 直到完成作业他才回家。

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