unit5单词表

DamperNoun1. a movable iron plate that regulates the draft in a stove or chimney or furnace2. a device that decreases the amplitude of electronic, mechanical, acoustical, or aerodynamic oscillations3. a depressing restraint;CreditNoun1. approval;∙"give her recognition for trying"∙"he was given credit for his work"∙"give her credit for trying"∙"the credits were given at the end of the film"2. money available for a client to borrow3. an accounting entry acknowledging income or capital items4. used in the phrase `to your credit' in order to indicate an achievement deserving praise;5. arrangement for deferred payment for goods and services6. recognition by a college or university that a course of studies has been successfully completed; typically measured in semester hoursCharityNoun1. a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)2. a kindly and lenient attitude toward people3. an activity or gift that benefits the public at large4. pinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers5. an institution set up to provide help to the needySynonym：contributionTransgressorNoun1. someone who transgresses; someone who violates a law or command;∙"the way of transgressors is hard"StakeNoun1. (law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something;∙"they have interests all over the world"∙"a stake in the company's future"2. a pole or stake set up to mark something (as the start or end of a race track);∙"a pair of posts marked the goal"∙"the corner of the lot was indicated by a stake"3. instrument of execution consisting of a vertical post that a victim is tied to for burning4. the money risked on a gambleInitiativeNoun1. readiness to embark on bold new ventures2. the first of a series of actions;∙"he memorized all the important chess openings"Adjective1. serving to set in motion;∙"the magazine's inaugural issue"∙"the initiative phase in the negotiations"∙"an initiatory step toward a treaty"∙"his first (or maiden) speech in Congress"∙"the liner's maiden voyage"AbuseNoun1. cruel or inhumane treatment2. a rude expression intended to offend or hurt;∙"when a student made a stupid mistake he spared them noabuse"∙"they yelled insults at the visiting team"3. improper or excessive useVerb1. treat badly;∙"This boss abuses his workers"∙"She is always stepping on others to get ahead"2. change the inherent purpose or function of something;ProfanityNoun1. vulgar or irreverent speech or actionSynonym：swearing cursingSecurityNoun1. the state of being free from danger or injury;∙"we support the armed services in the name of national security"2. a formal declaration that documents a fact of relevance to finance and investment; the holder has a right to receive interest or dividends;∙"he held several valuable securities"3. a department responsible for the security of the institution's property and workers;∙"the head of security was a former policeman"4. measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc.;∙"military security has been stepped up since the recent uprising"5. defense against financial failure; financial independence;Synonym：safety safenessGuidanceNoun1. something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action2. the act of guiding or showing the way3. the act of setting and holding a course;∙"a new council was installed under the direction of the king" CivilityNoun1. formal or perfunctory politeness2. the act of showing regard for othersSynonym：courtesy decorum comityPatrimonyNoun1. a church endowment2. an inheritance coming by right of birth (especially by primogeniture)词根: patri 1. =father,表示"父亲"; 2. 祖国 pater-EsteemNoun1. the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded);∙"it is held in esteem"∙"a man who has earned high regard"2. a feeling of delighted approval and liking3. an attitude of admiration or esteem;∙"she lost all respect for him"Verb1. regard highly; think much of;∙"We prize his creativity"2. look on as or consider;Synonym：respect appreciatePatronizingAdjective1. (used of behavior or attitude) characteristic of those who treat others withcondescensionWeatheredAdjective1. worn by exposure to the weather;∙"a house of weathered shingles"AmusedAdjective1. pleasantly occupied;∙"We are not amused" -Queen VictoriaCynicalAdjective1. believing the worst of human nature and motives; having a sneeringdisbelief in e.g. selflessness of othersSynonym：acrimonious insulting后缀: -al 1. 表名词"人,物,状态"; 2. 地方; 3. 表形容词,"……的" NeighborlyAdjective1. exhibiting the qualities expected in a friendly neighborSynonym：friendly congenial warmDecentAdjective1. socially or conventionally correct; refined or virtuous;∙"from a decent family"∙"a nice girl"2. according with custom or propriety;∙"her becoming modesty"∙"comely behavior"∙"a decent burial"∙"seemly behavior"3. conforming to conventions of sexual behavior;∙"speech in this circle, if not always decent, never became lewd"- George Santayana4. enough to meet a purpose;∙"an adequate income"∙"the food was adequate"∙"a decent wage"∙"enough food"∙"food enough"5. decently clothed;Adverb1. in the right manner;∙"please do your job properly!"∙"can't you carry me decent?"UnearnedAdjective1. not gained by merit or labor or service;∙"accepted the unearned rewards that came his ways as well as the unearned criticism"∙"unearned income"∙"an unearned run"ImmuneNoun1. a person who is immune to a particular infectionAdjective1. relating to the condition of immunity;∙"the immune system"2. secure against;∙"immune from taxation as long as he resided in Bermuda"∙"immune from criminal prosecution"3. relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection)4. (usually followed by `to') not affected by a given influence; Synonym：spared exemptStaggeringAdjective1. walking unsteadily;2. so surprisingly impressive as to stun or overwhelm;∙"such an enormous response was astonishing"PervasiveAdjective1. spread throughout;∙"a pervasive anxiety overshadows the triumphs of individuals" 2. spreading throughout;∙"the pervasive odor of garlic"∙"an error is pervasive if it is material to more than one conclusion" VulgarAdjective1. lacking refinement or cultivation or taste;∙"he had coarse manners but a first-rate mind"∙"behavior that branded him as common"∙"an untutored and uncouth human being"∙"an uncouth soldier--a real tough guy"∙"appealing to the vulgar taste for violence"∙"the vulgar display of the newly rich"2. of or associated with the great masses of people;∙"the common people in those days suffered greatly"∙"behavior that branded him as common"∙"his square plebeian nose"∙"a vulgar and objectionable person"∙"the unwashed masses"3. being or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday language;∙"common parlance"∙"a vernacular term"∙"vernacular speakers"∙"the vulgar tongue of the masses"∙"the technical and vulgar names for an animal species"4. conspicuously and tastelessly indecent;∙"coarse language"∙"a crude joke"∙"crude behavior"∙"an earthy sense of humor"∙"a revoltingly gross expletive"∙"a vulgar gesture"∙"full of language so vulgar it should have been edited" Synonym：crude filthy后缀: -ar 1. 表形容词,"……的"; 2. 表名词,"人,物,器" AggressiveAdjective1. having or showing determination and energetic pursuit of your ends;∙"an aggressive businessman"∙"an aggressive basketball player"∙"he was aggressive and imperious; positive in his convictions"∙"aggressive drivers"2. marked by aggressive ambition and energy and initiative;∙"a pushing youth intent on getting on in the world"3. tending to spread quickly;∙"an aggressive tumor"4. characteristic of an enemy or one eager to fight;∙"aggressive acts against another country"∙"a belligerent tone"Synonym：defensive词根: gress =go/walk,表示"行走,步"MutualAdjective1. common to or shared by two or more parties;∙"a common friend"∙"the mutual interests of management and labor"2. concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return;CaringAdjective1. showing a care;∙"a caring mother"2. having or displaying warmth or affection;∙"affectionate children"∙"caring parents"∙"a fond embrace"∙"fond of his nephew"∙"a tender glance"∙"a warm embrace"3. feeling and exhibiting concern and empathy for others;Noun1. a loving feelingBestowVerb1. present;∙"The university conferred a degree on its most famous former student, who never graduated"∙"bestow an honor on someone"2. give as a gift3. bestow a quality on;∙"Her presence lends a certain cachet to the company" Synonym：present awardPropelVerb1. cause to move forward with force;∙"Steam propels this ship"2. give an incentive for action;∙"This moved me to sacrifice my career"Synonym：motivate pushRestoreVerb1. return to its original or usable and functioning condition;∙"restore the forest to its original pristine condition"2. return to life; get or give new life or energy;∙"The week at the spa restored me"3. give or bring back;∙"Restore the stolen painting to its rightful owner"4. restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken;∙"She repaired her TV set"∙"Repair my shoes please"5. bring back into original existence, use, function, or position;∙"restore law and order"Synonym：repair back replace renovateBoastNoun1. speaking of yourself in superlativesVerb1. show off2. wear or display in an ostentatious or proud manner;∙"she was sporting a new hat"Synonym：belittle depreciateDisintegrateVerb1. break into parts or components or lose cohesion or unity;∙"The material disintegrated"∙"the group disintegrated after the leader died"2. cause to undergo fission or lose particles3. lose a stored charge, magnetic flux, or current;∙"the particles disintegrated during the nuclear fission process" Synonym：crumble break separateUpholdVerb1. keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last;∙"preserve the peace in the family"∙"continue the family tradition"∙"Carry on the old traditions"2. stand up for; stick up for; of causes, principles, or ideals3. support against an opponent;∙"The appellate court upheld the verdict"Synonym：sustain bolster supportVanishVerb1. get lost, especially without warning or explanation;∙"He disappeared without a trace"2. become invisible or unnoticeable;∙"The effect vanished when day broke"3. pass away rapidly;∙"Time flies like an arrow"∙"Time fleeing beneath him"4. cease to exist;∙"An entire civilization vanished"5. decrease rapidly and disappear;∙"all my stock assets have vaporized"TypicallyAdverb1. in a typical manner;∙"Tom was typically hostile"词根: typ =type,表示"模式,形状"A sense of shame, humor, direction, timing, failure, justice, responsibility, right & wrong,for long enoughout of wedlockon TV/radio, in music/movieask for creditpay on creditpay in cashbe good forthink twicebe born intocome to knowput the confidence in somebodyrespect goes to somethingspare the grief of doing something。