江苏省南京市扬子二中2016届高三上学期初英语测试卷

江苏省南京市扬子二中2015-2016学年高三上期初英语测试卷一、单项选择1. —Will you come over to Beijing next summer?—I’d like to, but my family ______ London that summer.A. are visitingB. are to visitC. will be visitingD. will visit2. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that3. I don’t like people who try to _______ you with how much money they’ve got.A. strengthenB. showC. pressD. impress4. He didn’t mak e ______ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A. thisB. itC. thatD. these5. Across the Yangtze River ______ more than one bridge, the Nanjing Changjiang Bridgebeing the first one.A. layB. liesC. lieD. laid6. —Was ______ Bill, ______ played basketball very well, ______ helped the blindman cross the road?—Yes, of course. He is always ready to help others.A. it; who; thatB. this; who; thatC. which; that; thatD. it; that; who7. She was the first woman ______ to the board.A. to be appointedB. having been appointedC. appointingD. to appoint8. —Where did you lose your bicycle?—It was in the playground______ I played basketball.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when9.These problems, ，will seriously affect the growth of teenagers and even the nation’s future.A.not if solved properlyB.if solved properlyC.not if properly solvedD.if not solved properly10.Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for.A. whyB. whatC. howD. whether11. The ground is wet all over, so I’m sure it must have rained last night, _____ it?A. hasn’tB. didn’tC. mustn’tD. wasn’t12. --- What do you know made Susan so upset?--- ______ giving away state secrets.A. Charged withB. Being charged withC. Accusing ofD. To be accused of13. Mr. Mike didn’t understand ______ made his wife so upset this morning.A. what was it thatB. why it was thisC. how that wasD. what it was that14. Not until _____ on TV ____ that Ben Latin, the No. 1 terrorist in the world, was shot to death.A. did I turn; did I learnB. did I turn; I learnedC. I turned; did I learnD. I turned; I had learned15. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ______, neither of them could swim.A. FairlyB. LuckilyC. UnfortunatelyD. Naturally二、完形填空Most shoplifters (商店扒手) agree that the January sales offer wonderful opportunities for the hard-working thief. 1 the shops so crowded and the staff so busy, it does not require any extraordinary talent to help you to take one or two little things and escape 2 . It is known, in the business, as “hoisting”.But the hoisting game is not 3 it used to be. Even at the height of the sales, shoplifters today never know 4 they are being watched by one of those evil little balls that hang from the ceilings of so many department stores above the most desirable goods.As if that was not trouble enough for them, they can now be filmed 5 and obliged to attend a showing of their performance in court.Selfridges was the first big London store to install closed-circuit videotape equipment to watch its sales floors. In October last year the store won its firstcourt 6 for shoplifting using an evidence of a videotape clearly showing a couple 7 dresses. It was an important test case which 8 other stores to install similar equipment.When the balls, called sputniks, first make a(n) 9 in shops, it was widely believed that their only function was to 10 shoplifters. Their 11 ridiculous appearances, the curious holes and red lights going on and off, certainly make the theory believable.It did not take long, 12 , for serious shoplifters to start showing suitable 13 . Soon after the equipment was 14 at Selfridges, store detective Brian Chadwick was sitting in the control room watching a woman 15 putting bottles of perfume into her bag.“As she turned to go,” Chadwick 16 , “she suddenly looked up at the ‘sputnik’ and stopped. She could not 17 have seen that the camera was trained on her because it is completely hidden, but she 18 have had a feeling that I was looking at her.”“For a moment she paused, but then she 19 to counter and started putting everything 20 . When she had finished, she opened her bag towards the camera to show it was empty and hurried ou t of the store.”1. A. As B. With C. For D. Since2. A. noticed B. noticing C. unnoticed D. unnoticing3. A. how B. that C. which D. what4. A. if B. that C. how D. why5. A. at rest B. at attention C. at work D. at shock6. A. case B. theft C. discussion D. conversation7. A. trying B. wearing C. stealing D. packaging8. A. stopped B. kept C. encouraged D. called9. A. difference B. influence C. appearance D. function10. A. attack B. calm C. excite D. frighten11. A. somehow B. somewhat C. anyhow D. somewhere12. A. however B. thus C. therefore D. anyway13. A. respect B. interest C. fright D. courage14. A. in operation B. in case C. in trouble D. in advance15. A. publicly B. bravely C. quickly D. secretly16. A. replied B. repeated C. recalled D. requested17. A. possibly B. politely C. pleasantly D. patiently18. A. could B. would C. should D. must19. A. came B. left C. returned D. rushed20. A. off B. in C. up D. back三、阅读理解ASports is not only physically challenging, but it can also mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches， parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has showed that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement shouldbe provided in spite of the outcome. Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.1. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that _____.A. it can help them learn more about societyB. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselvesC. it can provide them with valuable experiencesD. it enables them to find flaws in themselves2. According to the passage parents and coaches should _____.A. help children to win every gameB. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sportsC. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sportsD. train children to deal with stress3. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is _____.A. to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to childrenB. to persuade young children not to worry about criticismC. to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragementD. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnoutBThe healthy adolescent boy or girl likes to do the real things in life, to do the things that matter. He would rather be a plumber’s mate and do a real job that requires doing than learn about hydrostatics(流体静力学) sitting at a desk, without understanding what practical use they are going to be. A girl would rather look after the baby than learn about child care. Logically we should learn about things before doing them and that is probably why the experts enforce this in our educational system. But it is not the natural way — nor, in my view, the best way. The adolescent wants to do things first for only then does he appreciate the problems involved and want to learn more about them.They do these things better in primitive life, for there at puberty(青春期) the boy joins his father in making canoes, patching huts, going out fishing or hunting.He is serving his apprenticeship in the actual accomplishments of life. It is not surprising that anthropologists(人类学家) find that the adolescents of primitive communities do not suffer from the same neurotic(神经质的) “difficulties”as thoseof civilized life. This is not, as some assume, because they are permitted more sexual freedom, but because they are given more natural outlets for their native interestsand powers and are allowed to grow up freely into a full life of responsibility inthe community.In the 19th century this was recognized in the apprenticeship system, which allowed the boy to go out with the master carpenter, or ploughman, to engage in the actual work of carpentry or roof-mending, and so to learn his trade. In some agricultural colleges a t the present time young men have to do a year’s work on a farm before their theoretical training at college. The great advantage of this systemis that it lets the apprentice see the practical problems before he sets to work learning how to solve them, and he can therefore take a more intelligent interestin his theoretical work.Since more knowledge of more things is now required in order to cope with the adult world, the period of growing-up to independence takes much longer than it didin a more primitive community, and the responsibility for such education, which formerly was in the hands of the parents, is now necessarily undertaken by expertsat school. But that should not make us lose sight of the basic principle, namely the need and the desire of the adolescent to engage responsibly in the real pursuits oflife and then to learn how—to learn through responsibility, not to learn before responsibility.4. According to the author, what is the natural way of education?A. Doing things while learning.B. Doing things as an apprentice.C. Doing things before learning.D. Learning practical knowledge first.5. The main advantage of the natural way of education, whether in primitive or moderntimes, is that learners ________.A. can learn the trade through solving problems at workB. can work with their masters throughout their learningC. are given more freedom in doing things and learningD. are given opportunities to develop their interest first6. According to the context, “this” in the third paragraph refers to ________.A. the way of learning in primitive communitiesB. the difficulties modern adolescents experienceC. the amount of freedom in learning in primitive lifeD. the kind of skills boys learned from their father7. Which of the following sums up the author’s main point?A. The apprenticeship system was effective in learning.B. Students should be given more freedom in learning.C. Students develop their interest through learning.D. Learning to solve problems is learning through responsibility.CIn some urban centers, workholism is so common that people do not consider it unusual: they accept the lifestyle as normal. Government workers in Washington D. C., for example, frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week. They don’t do this because they have to; they do it because they want to.Workholism can be a serious problem. Because true workaholics (工作狂) would rather work than do anything else, they probably don’t know how to relax.Is workholism always dangerous? Perhaps not. There are, certainly, people who work well under stress. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in life. Their work is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment keep them busy and creative.Why do workaholics enjoy their jobs so much? There are several advantages to work.Of course, it provides people with paychecks, and this is important. But it offers more than financial security. It provides people with self-confidence; they have a feeling of satisfaction when they’ve produced a challenging piece of work and are able to say, “I made that.” Psychologists claim that work gives people an identitythrough participation in work, they get a sense of self and individualism. In addition, most jobs provide people with a socially acceptable way to meet others. Perhaps some people are compulsive about their work, but their addiction seems to be a safe-even an advantageous-one.8. The passage indicates that workaholics ______.A. just know work but nothing elseB. find their work provide them more satisfaction and self-confidence than how muchthey are paidC. are willing to work hard for long hours without payD. has the work with more responsibility than others9. One of the reasons that some people are not willing to qui t their jobs even in their eighties and nineties is that ______.A. they are in the need of financial securityB. they long for a sense of identity and being accomplishedC. they would rather work than be disturbed by domestic affairsD. they may have health problems from sheer boredom10. This passage is mainly about ______.A. people who are absorbed in their work may enjoy movies, sports and other kindsof entertainmentB. workaholics are usually successful people, but their lives are in a messC. workholism can lead to serious problems but it can also create a joyful lifeD. those who work even under difficult conditions may be very happy11. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. in the eyes of all the common people workaholics are peculiarB. workaholics are as addicted to their job as other people are to drugs or alcoholC. a piece of challenging work may provide the workaholics a sense of satisfactionD. to workaholics, work is the sole source of happinessDA friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair?” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: Life isn’t fair. It’s disappointing, but it’s absolutely true. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thinking that life should be fair, or that someday it will be. It’s not and it won’t.One of the nice things about surrendering(屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not “life’s job” to make everything perfect, it’s our own challenge. Surrendering to this fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt a different hand; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions; and everyone has those times that they feel victimized or unfairly treated.The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should. When we don’t recognize or admit that life isn’t fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. Pity, of course, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feel worse than they already do. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however, we feel compass ion(热情) for others and for ourselves. And compassion is a heartfelt emotion that delivers loving-kindness to everyone it touches. The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can persuade you out of self-pity and into helpful action.12. The writer thought of his friend’s question as a good one because _______.A. he also wanted to know who held such an opinionB. it made him recall something during his childhoodC. like his friend, he also thought life was unfairD. he learned something from the question as a youngster13. Surrendering to the fact that life isn’t fair will ________.A. keep us from making everything perfectB. keep us from doing everything in our powerC. make us face unfair treatment bravelyD. make us know it’s our duty to perfect things14. The second paragraph of the passage mainly tells us that ________.A. it’s nice to accept the injustice of lifeB. it’s nice to surrender to the lifeC. we should not surrender to the lifeD. we should not feel sorry for everything15. In the last paragraph, “this very basic fact” refers to the fact that _______.A. you should not pity for othersB. life isn’t and won’t be fairC. compassion is heartfelt emotionD. pity is a self-defeating emotion四、任务型阅读Do you love traveling? If the answer is yes, then have you ever thought about why? You may maintain that traveling can help you expand your scope of knowledge, especially geographical and historical learning. It will provide more chances for you to enjoy food and try on clothes that you otherwise cannot possible have. A famous English author Francis Bacon (1561-1626) makes a point when he says that, “Travel, in the younger sort, is a pa rt of education; in the elder, a part of experience.”Evidence of leisure travel can be traced as far back as ancient Babylon. This year, according to the World Travel & Tourism Council, the 1 billionth tourist will cross an international boundary before the end of this month. That means that one in seven people on the planet traveled this year, something that would not have been possible a few decades ago. Around 20 years ago only the rich could travel.While the US and France remain the two largest destinations for world travel, experts say much of the explosive growth in tourism has been to countries like Guatemala, the Dominican Republic, and the Ivory Coast, which weren’t even on the world tourism map a decade ago. The top five destinations in the world, according to the United Nations World Tourism Organization, are Paris, London, New York, theMediterranean, Turkey.Several factors have led to the boom in world travel. The prosperity (富裕) of people in Asia is one factor. People in Asian developing countries have lifted their incomes above middle-class levels in the past few years. And a lot of them have used their new wealth to travel. In addition, travel costs have been reduced thanks to the rapid development of transportation, and competition between airlines to give customers the best prices.五、书面表达请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。