英语句子结构分析1句子成分

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英语句子成分分析(简单)

英语句子成分分析(简单)

Did you write down what he said? (句子)
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物或事,间接宾语指人或动物. • He gave me some books. ↓ ↓ 间接 直接 宾语 宾语 ●please pass me the book. ●He bought his girlfriend some flowers.
定语后置:
如果定语是由一个单词表示时,通常要前置。 而由一个词组或一个句子表示时,通常则后置
The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? (定语从句)
(六)宾语补足语
有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾 语补足语,说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足, 使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有 : make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let. • I found the book interesting. • Do you smell something burning? • He made himself known to them.
(三)宾语
动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语 Show your passport, please. (名词 ) She didn't say anything. ( 代词) How many do you want? - I want two. (数词) They sent the injured to hospital. (名词化的形容词) They asked to see my passport. (不定式) I enjoy working with you. (动名词)

讲义:句子成分及句子结构

讲义:句子成分及句子结构

英语语法之句子成分及句子结构一、句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分.句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语)。

即:句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和同位语1 . 主语(subject)主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

找出句中主语The sun rises in the east. 名词Twenty years is a short time in history. 数词The poor are now living in the shelter.名词化的形容词Seeing is believing。

动名词To see is to believe. 不定式He likes dancing. 代词What he needs is a book。

句子(主从)It is necessary to master a foreign language.2谓语::说明主语的动作、状态和特征;动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。

(1)简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag on the top of the hill. He looked after two orphans.(2)复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing3宾语:动作的对象或承受者—-及物动词或介词的宾语,即动宾&介宾,常用名词或相当于名词的词(动词不定式或动名词)、代词和数词充当Show your passport,please. 名词She didn’t say anything. 代词How many do you want? - I want two. 数词I enjoy traveling. 动名词He pretended not to see me。

英语句子成分分析

英语句子成分分析

句子成分句子成分:组成句子各个部分叫句子成分。

包括主语,谓语,表语,宾语,定语,状语,宾语补足语,同位语,插入语。

一、主语(subject):表示动作的发出者或执行者,由名词,代词,数词,动名词,不定式,the +adj.充当。

一般位于句首,在there be句型,疑问句和倒装句中主语放在动词,助动词,情态动词之后。

The boy comes from America. (n.)She often helps others. (pron. )This is an English book. (pron.)Two and two is four. (数词)Taking exercise is good for our health. (动名词)To be a doctor is my dream. (不定式)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)The rich should help the poor. ( the+adj. )Where do you come from? (疑问句)Do you have any brothers? (疑问句)There are many people in the supermarket. (倒装句)Here comes the bus. (倒装句)二、谓语(predicate):表示主语的动作,行为或状态,由动词或动词短语充当。

谓语动词和主语必须保持人称和数的一致。

在一个单句里,没有连词的情况下只能出现一个动词作谓语。

系动词(be, look, sound, taste, smell, fell等)行为动词及物动词,接宾语动词不及物动词,不接宾语(加介词后可带宾语)情态动词不单独作谓语,必须和动词原形连用助动词不单独作谓语,和动词一起构成疑问或否定句1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。

英语句子结构分析在线

英语句子结构分析在线

英语句⼦结构分析在线1. 英语句⼦结构分析句⼦的成分:构成句⼦的基本成分叫做句⼦成分。

句⼦成分可分为主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,同位语。

它们可以由单词来担任,也可以由词组,以及句⼦来担任。

句⼦是阅读理解和听⼒理解的最基本的单位。

主语:是⼀个句⼦中所要表达,描述的⼈或物,是句⼦的主体。

主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。

Two and two are/is four.⼆加⼆等于四。

Smoking is bad to health. =吸烟对⾝体有害。

The wounded has been taken to the hospital.伤员已经送到医院。

When to begin is not known yet.什么时间开始还不知道。

What I know is important.我所知道的很重要。

谓语:是⽤来说明主语做了什么动作或处在什么状态(系表结构)。

谓语可以由动词来担任,⼀般放在主语的后⾯。

We don't know him very well.我们不太了解他。

She speaks English fluently.她英语讲得很流利。

Betty stayed awake at night on purpose.表语:是⽤来说明主语的性质,⾝份,特征和状态。

表语须和连系动词⼀起构成句⼦的复合谓语。

表语⼀般放在系动词之后。

表语可以由名词,形容词或起名词和形容词作⽤的词和短语或者表语从句来担任。

I am all right.我没事。

It's over.时间到了。

She is ten.她⼗岁了。

My work is teaching English.我的⼯作是教英语。

The dictionary is in the bag.词典在书包⾥边。

My question is how you knew him.我的问题是你如何认识他的。

英语句子成分和句子结构分析

英语句子成分和句子结构分析

英语句子成分和句子结构分析语法讲解1认识语法一、英语语法分为两大部分词法微观遣词;句法宏观造句01词法微观遣词1. 实词:有实际意义的词;名词n.:表事物名称动词vi./vt.:行为,动态;vi.不及物动词,本身可以表达完整意义,后面不需要带宾语vt.及物动词,本身无法表达完整意义,后面必须带宾语形容词adj.:修饰n.副词adv.:修饰v./adj.或者句子中其他adv或者整个句子代词Pron.:代替n.数词num.:表数量基数词,表顺序序数词2. 虚词:没有实际意义的词;介词prep.:说明词与词之间的关系连词conj.:说明句子与句子之间的关系冠词art.:在n.前,限定n.感叹词int.:表达感叹02句法宏观造句1.句子的成分2.句子结构3.句子的变化4.句子的功能5.句子的类型:简单句,并列句,复合句6.复合句:名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句二、语法四大原则1. 词性决定词用2. 同类同用同种类型的词,用法相同,越细分,越一致3. 动词即句魂句子里最重要的是谓语,谓语部分最重要的就是动词4. 举一反三由表及里,发掘句子结构,归属;认识句子本质,由点及面,放大到句群;语法精讲2句子的成分主体:主语,谓语,宾语,表语次体:定语,状语,补语,同位语主语:一个句子的主体,是全句述说的对象;常由名词,代词或相当于名词或代词的词担任,一般放在句首;The sun名词n. rises in the east.W e代词pron. are friendsT wenty years数词num. is a short time in history.S eeing动名词 is believingT o be a teacher不定式is my dreamW hat he needs 句子is a book 主语从句I t 形式主语is time to go home真正的主语形式主语是为保持句子平衡谓语:表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或动词词组担任,放在主语的后面W e study实意动词 EnglishI can情态动词do itI don’t助动词knowH e is系动词asleep.宾语:表示谓语行为的对象,常由名词,代词或相当于名词的词担任,一般放在及物动词或者介词之后;I play with him代词I like china名词H ow many do you need ——we need two数词I enjoy working with you动名词I hope to see you again不定式D id you write down what he said句子U nder the snow介宾短语,there are many rocks.H e gave me间接宾语a book直接宾语 yesterday表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态,一般由名词或者形容词担任;凡是系动词be 动词,感官动词等出现的地方,后面必定带着表语He is a teacher名词Seventy-four you don’t look it代词F ive and five is ten数词H e is asleep形容词T his picture is on the wall介词短语M y watch is missing/lost 形容词化的分词T o wear a flower is to say“ I’m poor ,I can’t buy a ring”不定式T he question is whether they will come句子语法精讲3定语:用来修饰或者限制名词的成分,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或者从句担任,形容词放在名词前面;相当于形容词的短语或者从句放在名词后面;H e is a clever boyT his is an apple treeT here are ten students in our classS he is Tom’s sisterH e bought some sleeping pillsT he girl in red is his sisterW e have a lot of work to doT he girl standing under the tree is his daughterD o you know the man who spoke just now.状语:用来说明动词,形容词,副词或者整个句子的成分;常由副词担任;修饰动词可放动词前,也可放在动词后;修饰形容词或者副词时放在他们前面;动词的八个状态:时间,地点,原因,状态,目的,结果,方式,程度T he students study hardI often write to himH e wrote with a red pencilH e went to see a filmT he students went away laughingI’ll write to you as soon as I get there .补语:表示补充说明,总是跟着宾语跑I found a book lying on the floor.D o you smell something burningS he asked me to go with her.独立成分:同位语,感叹语B ruce,my English teacher,is a cool man That’s great语法精讲4简单句的5种基本结构通过一个爱情故事掌握5种简单句;1, 主语+谓语:She comes.2, 主语+系动词+表语She is lovely.3, 主语+谓语+宾语I love her.4, 主语+谓语+间宾+直宾I gave her a rose.5, 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补I made her happy. 2三大句子结构类型1, 简单句F rank and Eric are good friends.I make and have breakfast.2, 并列句I like English, but I don’t like math.I hate grammar,while he loves it.3, 复合句W hat she does is not good.T he man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.W hen you finish the work,you may go out to play with Sam.语法精讲5简单句T hat is what I want to tell you. 表语从句I t’s a question how he did it. 同位语从句T he man whom you talk with is my friend. 定语从句I f I am free,I will go shopping . 条件状语从句四种句子类型:01陈述句肯定,否定H e is six years old.S he doesn’t like English.02疑问句一般,特殊,选择,反义D o you like swimming ↑一般疑问句W hat are you doing ↓特殊疑问代词+一般疑问句=特殊疑问句I s this a pen ↑or a pencil ↓选择疑问句S he likes dancing↓,doesn’t she ↑反义疑问句;前肯后否或者前否后肯03祈使句:命令,要求,请求;一般会略去主语,动词开头B e careful , boysD on’t speak in class04感叹句:how/what 开头H ow clever the boy isW hat a nice day it is。

英语句子成分分析1

英语句子成分分析1

• 定语 定语为句子的次要成分,起修饰限制名词戒代 词的作用,可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由 形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词 短语、动词丌定式、分词(短语) 戒句子充当。 His father is a doctor. 他父亲是一名医生。 Mr. Green has two sons. 格林先生有两个儿子。 The girl under the tree is Kate. 在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。 The man downstairs couldn’t sleep well. 楼下的那个人丌能睡好觉。
• 宾语 宾语是行为动作的对象,一般可分为动词宾语 和介词宾语,充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动 名词、动词丌定式戒整个句子。 I like Chinese food. 我喜欢中国菜。 I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 Have you finished dressing? 你衣朋穿好了吗?
句子成分分析
• 表语 John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。 The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。 The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我们自己。 All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport. 你只需从机场打个的即可。 My favourite sport is swimming. 我最喜爱的运动是游泳。
句子成分分析
• 谓语 ■丌及物动词作谓语 He left here yesterday. 他昨天离开这儿。 You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。 The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室,手里拿着书。 He went abroad in the September of 1988. 他于1988年9月出国。

英语句子成分分析法结构解析

英语句子成分分析法结构解析

英语句子成分分析法结构解析很多同学对英语的句子成分搞不懂,所以就影响了他们的阅读和写作,以及做其他类型题目的能力。

今天店铺为大家带来了英语句子成分分析,欢迎大家阅读!英语句子成分分析篇一一、句子成分(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例:划出下列句子的主语,并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。

1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.( )2. We often speak English in class.( )3. One-third of the students in this class are girls.( )4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.( )5. Smoking does harm to the health.( )6. The rich should help the poor.( )7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.( )8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.( )(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。

英语句子成分结构详解

英语句子成分结构详解

英语句子成分结构详解一、英语语句基本结构分析:(一)主谓宾结构:1、主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),数词,动词不定式,动名词等。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!eg: The boy comes from America.He made a speech.Tow and tow is four.To be a teacher is my dream.Doing a research is a necessary step of covering a story.2、谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。

谓语可以是不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,eg:We come.Many changes took place in my home town.注(以下这些词是不及物动词:表发生、出现的,如:take place, appear, happen, break out; 表来、去,如:come, go 等)3、宾语:宾语位于及物动词之后,一般同主语构成一样,不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’,如:me,him,them等。

除了代词宾格可以作宾语外,名词,动名词,不定式等可以作宾语。

eg:I will do it tomorrow.The boy needs a pen.I like swimming.I like to swim this afternoon.(二)主系表结构:1、主语:同‘主谓宾’结构。

2、谓语:联系动词(Link verb):be动词(am,is,are,was,were,have been);其他联系动词如:become成为,turn变成,go变和感官动词如:feel, touch, hear, see等。

其特点是联系动词与其后的表语没有动宾关系,表语多为形容词或副词,既,不可能是宾语。

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英语句子成分和英语 句子结构讲解及练习
简单句的五个基本句型 主语 + 不及物动词
She came.. 主语 + 及物动词 +宾语
She likes English. 主语 + 系动词 +主语补语 She is happy. 主语 + 动词 +间接宾语 +直接宾语 She gave John a book.
么)”。主要由动词担任。 如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天
打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答
是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或 形容词担任。 如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是 “什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。
如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)
有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。 指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一 般放在直接宾语的前面。
如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)
有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在 直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写容 词、代词、数词等担任。如:
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是 个大城市)
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
She bought a book for me. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry.
The teacher asked me to read the passage. ( There +be There lies a book on the desk.
时态一样,否定式不同.动词加助动词,系动词不 用. 表语可以是形容词,宾语不行. 只有宾语有 补足语
2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种: 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足
语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或
者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什
谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行 为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的 后面。
We study English. He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer
主谓宾 名/代--动词--名/代
we-- saw --you. we-- did --the work. 主系表 名/代-系动词-形容次/名词/代词
you are beautiful you seems worried. you are a stufent. 相同点都三部分,主语也一样. 不同动词和系动词,
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
3. 表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分, 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副 词,通常由副词担任。
如:He works hard .(他工作努力)
7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么, 通常由形容词或动词充当。
如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) /
He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常 帮我做功课) /
comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)
8☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步 说明它的情况。
如:Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的 同学汤姆在哪里?)
1. 主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east (名词) He likes dancing. (代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe.(不定式) What he needs is a book.(主语从句)
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