牛津沪教版重点中学2017-2018学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题含答案
2017-2018学年第一学期高二摸底试卷（118分）II. Grammar and Vocabulary（30）Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)The Greek myths are almost a myth themselves.The great dramatists Sophocles, Aeschylus and Euripides drew on the myths, (1)________ did the Romans after them. Since then, poets, painters, sculptors, novelists — and later on, filmmakers and even comic strip authors — (2)________(find) inspiration in them. Remember film Troy (2004) starring Brad Pitt? That movie remade The Iliad, Homer's e t of the Trojan Wars.Greek myths came from oral stories. In the beginning, people told these tales to (3)________ ________. They didn't read them in books or watch them in the theater. It seems that (4)________ we write, paint or make films -or simply just enjoy these products —the Greek myths have a special resonance.The names and the stories (5)_________ be old, but the myths continue to be relevant. We can still be moved by beauty, like the story of Paris when he stole the gorgeous Helen away from her husband in Troy.We feel pain in our hearts (6)________ we remember our family and friends back home. We can therefore readily understand Odysseus—”(7)________(separate) from his wife and son for a decade — and his desperation to get home.The everyday life of western culture (8)________(mark) by the Greek myths in all sorts of ways. Just look up into the night sky — names of the stars and constellations you see come from Greek characters.In English, we say someone who makes money easily has "the Midas touch". But often,character from Greek mythology, who turns (9)________ he touches into gold. Eventhe products we buy in supermarkets have names (10)________ (inspire) by the Greeks.【答案】(1)as (2)have found (3)each other (4)whether (5)may (6)when (7)separated (8)is marked (9)anything/whatever (10)inspired【分析】(1)首先可以判断该句是定语从句，而且从句缺主语，根据句义可知该句填关系代词as，表示“正如”。
(2)首先可以判断该空考察的是动词的谓语动词形式，根据前面现在完成时的时间标志since then可知该空填have found。
(3)根据句式tell sth. to sb.可知该空缺宾语，由前后文句义可知该空填代词each other。
(4)首先可以判断该句是主语从句，后面从句不缺主要成分而且有关键词or，所以根据句义可知该空填whether，“无论我们是读书、绘画或者制作电影—或者只是欣赏这些作品，都可以与希腊神话产生独特的共鸣。
”(5)表可能，填may。
(6)首先可以判断该空考察连接词，根据句义可知：当我们想起家里的亲人和朋友，我们就会感到心痛，所以填when。
(7)该空考察动词的非谓语形式，根据句义填separated，表状态。
(8)首先可以判断该空考察谓语动词形式，根据被动语态标志by和后文时态可知，该空填is marked。
(9)首先可以判断该句是宾语从句，而且从句缺宾语，所以填what。
(10)该空考察动词的非谓语形式，根据by可知填过去分词形式inspired。
(B)Vast deserts, magic carpets, and the legend of Aladdin's lamp. For most Chinese people, Saudi Arabia is a faraway land (1)________ (exist) only in bedtime stories.However, connections between the two countries (2)________(date) back to ancient times.The economic and cultural ties between the Tang Dynasty and the Arabian empire reached their height in the 9th century. Paper-making workshops thrived in (3)________ is now Saudi Arabia while Arabian knowledge of math, astronomy and medicine spread to the Middle Kingdom.These exchanges, (4)________(record) by Arabian merchants sailing along the ancient Maritime Silk Road, became material for folk tales (5)________ ________the One Thousand and One Nights stories.Fast forward a millennium, the relationship between a modern Saudi Arabia and a progressive China (6)________(enter) a new era, thanks to the Belt and Road Initiative proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013. Saudi Arabia is one of the first countries (7)________(respond) positively to the Belt and Road initiative. In terms of strategic location, Saudi Arabia serves as the central hub (8)________(connect) three continents — Asia, Africa and Europe — and has been an important part of the initiative.In fact, (9)________ they built diplomatic ties in 1990, the two countries have seen a sound development of partnerships. In 2015, China became Saudi Arabia's largest trade partner, while Saudi Arabia has been China's biggest crude oil supplier and largest trade partner in West Asia and Africa for years. (10)________ the economic gains, citizens in both countries also benefit from cultural and academic exchanges.【答案】(1)existing (2)date (3)what (4)recorded (5)such as (6)has entered (7)to respond (8)connecting (9)since (10)Besides【分析】(1)该空考察动词的非谓语形式，表主动（exist无被动语态），所以填existing。
(2)该空考察动词的谓语动词形式，因为主语为复数，根据后面时态和短语date back to“追溯到”可知填一般现在式date。
牛津沪教版2018-2019学年第一学期高二年级英语期终考试模拟试卷
2018-2019学年第一学期高二年级英语期终考试模拟试卷(闭卷,答题时间90分钟，满分100分)第I卷（共66分）I.Listening Comprehension （20分）Section A（10分）Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a laundry. B. At a hotel. C. At a restaurant. D. At a supermarket.2. A. 2. B.3. C. 5. D.10.3. A. Driving. B. Reading. C. Shopping. D. Walking.4. A. A hairdresser. B. A waitress.C. A police officer.D. An insurance agent.5. A. a yellow light. B. A road accident.C. A robbery.D. A TV programme.6. A. They will go swimming. B. They will climb mountains.C. They will buy some clothes.D. They will watch a video.7. A. He prefers to eat out. B. He wants to order the food.C. He doesn’t like Japanese food.D. He wants to pay for the meal.8. A. Tony made the decision for a good reason.B. Tony should continue his science class.C. Tony should try to choose another course.D. Tony could have found a better reason.9. A. Go to find a job at the bookstore. B. Attend the opening ceremony.C. Buy some books at the bookstore.D. Open a bookstore of her own.10. A. There are not enough waitresses. B. It is crowded with customers.C. The service there is too slow.D. One of the waitresses broke her hand.Section B（6分）Directions:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of them. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 and 13 are based on the following conversation.11. A. Because she wanted to make more contributions to the community.B. Because she would like to help with the family’s finances.C. Because she was offered a good job by her neighbor.D. Because she was expected to be more involved in social life.12. A. Doing housework. B. Looking after her neighbor’s children.C. Reading papers and watching TV.D. Taking good care of her husband.13. A. Supportive. B. Inconsiderate. C. Generous. D. Sensible. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Hollywood’s Founding Father. B. The Midwest Comes to Hollywood.C. The Transformation of Hollywood.D. Studios of Hollywood.15. A. Lighting and landscape. B. Alcohol-free environment.C. Cheap property value.D. Peaceful atmosphere.16. A. They benefited from the service to the studios.B. They moved out of their community.C. They stopped the expansion of the studios.D. They are annoyed by movie people’s behaviors..Section C（4分）Directions: In Section C, you will hear a longer conversation, and you will be asked four questions. The conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17. A. Because he will take an exam.B. Because he wants to catch a bus.C. Because he wants to take part in a party.D. Because he has a date.18. A. None. B. Once. C. Twice. D. Several times.19. A. You’d better arrive on time.B. You’d better arrive half an hour later or so.C. You’d better arrive half an hour early.D. It doesn’t mention.20. A. Snack. B. Fruit. C. Coffee. D. Milk.II. Grammar and Vocabulary （20分）Section A (10分)Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.On a winter afternoon, a friend and I (21) _________ (throw) stones onto the roof of the old lady’s house near her garden. I foun d myself a perfectly smooth rockand threw it. The stone was too smooth, however, so it slipped from my hand as I let it go and headed straight for a small window on the lady’s door. At the sound of (22) _________ (break) glass, we knew we were in trouble. We ran faster than any of our stones flew off her roof.I was too scared about getting (23) _________(catch) that first night to be concerned about the old lady with the broken window in winter. However, a few days later, when I was sure that I (24)___________ (discover), I started to feel guilty for her trouble. She still greeted me (25) _________ a smile each day when I gave her the newspaper, (26) _________ I was no longer able to act comfortable when seeing her.I decided that I would save my paper delivery money, and in three weeks I had the seven dollars (27) _________ I thought would cover the cost of her window. I put the money in an envelope with a note (28) _________ (say) that I was sorry for breaking her window and hoped that the seven dollars would cover the cost of repairing it.The next day, I handed the old lady her paper. She thanked me for the paper and gave me a bag of biscuits she had made (29) _________. I thanked her and ate the biscuits as I continued my route.After several biscuits, I felt an envelope and pulled it out of the bag. When I opened the envelope, I was shocked. Inside (30) _________ (be) the seven dollars and a short note that said, “I’m proud of you.”Section B (10分)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each wordfar from realizing their (32) _________ potential for changing the way people read. Most of the (33) _________ of electronic books, such as the fact that they save paper, will continue to offer benefits as the technology (34) _________. Many of the disadvantages will probably become less problematic as the industry develops.Electronic books save trees. By downloading an electronic book instead of buying a hard copy of a book, you (35) _________ the need to print on paper. Even(36) _________ paper uses more (37) _________than an electronic book. In addition, electronic books save fuel that is required to (38) _________them.Electronic books offer a range of convenience, which will continue to expand as the technology develops. Because the content of an e-book is delivered electronically to your device or computer, you can shop for e-books and receive them almost (39) _________, any time of the day or night.However, electronic books still present a variety of (40) _________ problems. Asa result, you must replace the entire device when the battery dies.III. Reading Comprehension (26分)Section A (15分)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And unless otherwise assigned a seat by the teacher, I always (41) _________ to sit at the back of the classroom.All this (42) _________ after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher(43) _________ I should try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy idea because I didn’t have a good sense of (44) _________, nor did I have the team ability to keep pace with the others on the team and they would laugh at me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “going for it”, I wouldn’t have decided to give a try.Taking the(45) _________ to go to the tryouts was only the half of it! When I first started attending the practice sessions, I didn’t even know the rules of the game. Sometimes I’d get (46) _________and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid. (47) _________, I wasn’t the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to (48) _________ learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t know “just yet”.I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the (49) _________ and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and exciting. Very soon the competitive part in me was winning over my (50) _________ confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the process—friends who (51) _________ my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!With my improved self-confidence comes more (52) _________ from teachers and classmates. I have gone from “(53) _________” in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call (54) _________ to myself, to raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn’t and not 100 percent (55) _________ I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.41. A. admitted B. chose C. forbidden D. affected42. A. reflected B. remained C. changed D. ruined43. A. admitted B. objected C. suggested D. considered44. A. balance B. exercise C. angle D. expression45. A. signal B. impression C. courage D. hesitation46. A. confused B. bored C. assisted D. frightened47. A. Effectively B. Regularly C. Historically D. Luckily48. A. glance at B. concentrate on C. apply for D. have access to49. A. rules B. structures C. remarks D. gestures50. A. preference to B. overuse of C. lack of D. expert in51. A. maintained B. included C. preferred D. respected52. A. stress B. praise C. wonder D. sigh53. A. sealing B. lasting C. attracting D. hiding54. A. attention B. authority C. hostility D. damage55. A. rude B. normal C. likely D. sureSection B (11分)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.APeking opera of China is a national treasure with a history of 200 years. In the year 1790 during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, there were the four major Huiban opera Troupes (剧团) which came to the capital and blended (混合) with Kunqu opera, Yiyang opera, Hanju opera and Luantan in Beijing’s opera circle of that time. After the combination and integration (综合) of various kinds of opera over half century, the present Peking opera, was formed.Huguang Huiguan Ancient Opera BuildingAdd: 3 Hufang Road, Xuanwu District, BeijingTel: 63529134Time: 9:00-19:00; closed on MondayBus: Take buses No. 5, 6, 23, 50, 53, 102, 105 and get off at Hufangqiao stopTicket: 150 yuanLiyuan TheatreAdd: 1 / F Qianmen Hotel, Yongan Road, Hufangqiao, Xuanwu District, Beijing Tel: 63540841Time: evening showBus: Take bus No.19, 40, 59, 61, 122, 819 and get off at Hufangqiao stopTicket: 20—150 yuanChangqin Grand TheatreAdd: In the Guanghua Chang an piazza, East Chang an AvenueTel: 65101309Time: afternoon showTicket: 180 yuanZhengyici TheatreAdd: 220 Xiheyan StreetTel: 63036233Time: from 19:15 pmTicket: 180 yuan56. The present Peking opera has its origin EXCEPT _________.A. Huangmei operaB. Yiyang operaC. Hanju operaD. Kunqu opera57. If you want to watch Peking opera on Saturday morning, you can go to _________.A. Liyuan TheatreB. Huguang Huiguan Ancient Opera BuildingC. Changqin Grand TheatreD. Zhengyici Theatre58. The purpose of the passage is to _________.A. call on people to protect Peking operaB. show you the information of Peking operaC. attract people to watch Peking opera showsD. introduce the history of Peking operaBAs Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the computer. The information was in a specific computer folder. Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆).”According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories: that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.59. The passage begins with two questions to _________.A. introduce the main topicB. show the author’s attitudeC. describe how to use the InternetD. explain how to store information60. What can we learn about the first experiment?A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.C. The first group did not try to understand the information.D. The second group did not understand the information.61. In transactive memory, people _________.A. keep the information in mindB. change the quantity of informationC. organize information like a computerD. remember how to find the information62. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s research?A. We are using memory differently.B. We are becoming more intelligent.C. We have poorer memories than before.D. We need a better way to access information.CWhen I was growing up in Wyoming, my mom became the state’s first female US Marshall (执法官). I will never forget the local newspaper headline that read, “Just one of the boys.” I was pleased that she had been recognized f or her success in a field that’s traditionally for men.Some might say I have followed in her footsteps—I’ve made a name for myself in sailing, a sport often considered “a man’s world”. I’m taking part in the V olvo Ocean Race(VOR)—the most competitive and dangerous offshore race in the world. This year, for the first time in over ten years, there’s an all-female team, and I’m a part of it.In the summer of 2008, I went to St Croix through a college internship program focused on educating locals about HIV and AIDS. There, I discovered my love for sailing and later, offshore racing. Because I grew up in Wyoming, I didn’t know that sailing was a member-only club. My lack of fear allowed me to talk to lots of sailors.SCA, a global hygiene company, made the decision to support an all-female team because women buy most of its products. When they began accepting applications, I made it my mission to become a part of the team.After a stressful, two year application, I finally got the call. I moved to Lanzarote in the Canary Islands and began training with the team immediately. I made Team SCA and would be sailing in the big race with only six years of experience.Getting here wasn’t easy. I’m often asked how I made the team, not only because I didn’t have much exper ience, but also because sailing is considered a male sport. But I didn’t know that, so I gave it everything I had.As women, we need to approach our dreams as if we deserve to achieve them as much as men, because we do.63. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. The difficulties the author met with in sailing.B. The author’s experience of engaging in sailing.C. Why the author was not afraid to engage in sailing.D. The author’s passion for sailing.64. What does the author mean by saying “I have followed in her footsteps” in paragraph 2?A. Both the author and her mother have established a high reputation in a fieldfor men.B. The author goes after her mother when walking.C. The author’s job is as challenging as her mother’s.D. Mother has set a good example to the author.65. According to the author, why was she able to take up sailing without any fear?A. Because she was unaware that sailing was only for men.B. Because she was inexperienced in sailing.C. Because she grew up in Wyoming.D. Because she loved sailing.66. What can be concluded from the passage?A. No women before the author had ever competed with men in sailing.B. Many people made fun of the author’s sailing ability due to her inexperience.C. When some jobs seem challenging for women, they are also challenging formen.D.The author encouraged women to try hard to achieve their dreams even if itmeans doing something few women do.第II卷（共34分）I. Phrases (9分)1. I have to ______________my dinner because I will see an interesting film with my friends.2. The Nobel Prize ______________the highest award for both science and literature.3. In the last ten years, countless tall buildings ____________ in Shanghai.4. ____________what happened last week，it is understandable.5.____________ English, our school offers other language courses like French and German.6.The first time I attended the lecture of this famous professor, I _____________ his outstanding memory.7. When you decide how to cook the food, it is important to ____________ flavor and colour.8.We should _____________the facilities in our school and make our school life colouful.9. I obeyed his orders, but only ____________ punishment.II. Translation (15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.在十九世纪之交，权力和财富代表了一切。
牛津译林版江苏重点中学联考2017-2018学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含答案
2017秋学期期末联考高二英语试卷考试时间：120分钟，分值：120分，第I卷选择题（共85分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is the man speaking to?A. Brown’s secretary.B. Mary.C. Betty.2. What is the girl going to do on Sunday?A. Stay at home.B. Go to the shop.C. Go to the park.3. When did the man come back home last night?A. At 8:30.B. At 9:30.C. At 9:00.4. What has the man done?A. Something good.B. Something dangerous. C Something bad..5. What can we learn from the conversation?A. There will be rain through out the month.B. The rain will last half a month.C. It will be raining in the second half of the month.第二节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
2017-2018学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题_2
2017-2018学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题注意：1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分150分。
考试时间： 120 分钟。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考号填写或填涂在答题卷指定的位置，将条形码张贴在指定位置2、选择题答案用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试题卷上。
3、主观题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卷上作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。
第一部分：听力理解(共两节。
满分20分)(共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。
每段对话只读一遍。
1. How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts?A. $18.B. $19.C. $20.2. What will the speakers discuss?A. A report.B. A computer.C. A report oncomputer.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. A child.B. A room.C. A present.4. What can we learn from this conversation?A. The woman does not get along well with the man.B. The woman does not get along well with her roommate.C. The man will talk with the woman's roommate.5. Where are the two speakers now?A. On the first floor.B. On the fourth floor.C. On the fift h floor.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2017-2018学年高二英语上学期入学考试试题
2017-2018学年高二英语上学期入学考试试题考试时间：120分钟试题满分：150分本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
注意事项：1．答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．选出每小题答案后。
用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。
3．全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。
第I卷（满分100分）第一部分听力部分（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the possible relationship between the two speaker s？A．Husband and wife． B．Mother and son. C．Friends. 2．Who is the owner of the book？A．The man himself. B. The man’s brother. C．The woma n’s brother.3．What are the two speakers talking about？A. A football team.B. A famous song.C. A singing group. 4．How does the woman feel？A. Overjoyed.B. Angry.C. Surprised.5．What will the two speakers probably do？A. Go to see a film.B. Go cycling.C. Go sailing.第二节（共15小题每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
牛津沪教版2018届高三上学期开学考试英语试题含答案
2017-2018学年高三第一学期第一次测试卷9.1一、语法One day a two-year-old boy had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost his grasp on the bottle and it fell, ____1____(spill) its contents all over the kitchen floor——a sea of milk!Seeing at this, his mother instead of shouting at him or punishing him, said, “Robert, what a wonderful mess you have made! I have rarely seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage___2________(do). You know, Robert, __3______ a mess like this is made, it has to be cleaned up and everything restored to its proper order. So ,how would you like to do that? We___4_______ use a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer? ”He chose the towel and together they cleaned up the split milk.His moth er then said, “Robert, what we had there was a _5______(fail) experiment in_6____ to effectively carry a milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let‟s go out to the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it __7___ drop ping it.” The little boy learned that if the bottle was grasped at the top near the lip with both hands, it could be carried without being dropped.At that moment the little boy came to understand he didn‟t need to be afraid to _8____(make) mistakes. Instead, he learnt that mistakes were just opportunities for learning ___9______ new.Today, the boy is an outstanding scientist ___10_____ has made several important medical breakthroughs.二、选词A.expandB.exceptionsC.historicD.incrediblyE.poweringF.protectG.reduced H.replace I.sense J.varied H.enormousWhen we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of high-tech,solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be_____wasteful to tear them all down and _____ them with greener versions. A(n )_____ amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the_____carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up f or the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest_____, the greatest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and_____our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing building," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.With some_____, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that _____over time and let in more outside air.Fortunately, there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from_____ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades can save more than just the earth, they can help_____property owners from rising power costs.A.industryB.inevitablyC.stronglyD.fueledE.humbleF.longingG.classlessH.invaded I.status plicated K.illustrationsAsk most people how they define the American Dream and chances are they‟ll say, “Success.”The dream of individual opportunity has been home in America since Europeans discovered a “new world” in the Western Hemisphere. Early immigrants like Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. His glowing descriptions of a_____society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many European readers: in Letters from an American Farmer (1782) he wrote. “We are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered (无拘无束的) and unrestrained, because each person work s for himself … We have no princes, for whom we labor，starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.” The promise of a land where “the rewards of a man‟s _____follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from Europe and_____ national expansion into the western territories.Our national mythology is full of_____ of the American success story. There‟s Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from_____origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became American‟s best-selling author with rags-to-riches tales. The_____of success haunts us: we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, learning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,”and “dressing for success.” The myth of success has even_____our personal relationships: today it‟s as important to be “successful” in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business.But dreams easily turn into nightmares. Every American who hopes to “make it” also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success_____ implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd. Under pressure of the myth, we become indulged in _____symbols: we try to live in the “right” neighborhoods, wear the “right” clothes, eat the “right” foods. These symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe_____in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.三、完型Playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers take them for granted. This is especially true 41 children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and 42 sports programs and make sure that there is easy 43 to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are less likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often 44 the resources needed to pay for participation 45 , equipment, and transportation to practices and games as their communities do not have resources to build and 46 sports fields and facilities.Organized youth sports first appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations. They were originally developed 47 some educators and developmental experts 48 that the behavior and character of children were 49influenced by their social surroundings and everyday experiences. This 50 many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in 51 ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.This belief that the social 52 influenced a person‟s overall development was very 53 to people interested in progress and reform in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century. It caused them to think about 54 they might control the experiences of children to 55 responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a growing capitalist economy depended on the productivity of workers.41. A) among B) within C) on D) towards42. A) spread B) speed C) spin D) sponsor43. A) access B) entrance C) chance D) route44. A) shrink B) tighten C) limit D) lack45. A) bill B) accounts C) fees D) fare46. A) maintain B) contain C) sustain D) entertain47. A) before B) while C) until D) when48. A) realized B) recalled C) expected D) exhibited49. A) specifically B) excessively C) strongly D) exactly50. A) moved B) conducted C) put D) led51. A) precise B) precious C) particular D) peculiar52. A) engagement B) environment C) state D) status53. A) encouraging B) disappointing C) upsetting D) surprising54. A) what B) how C) whatever D) however55. A) multiply B) manufacture C) produce D) provide四、阅读(A)There Student thieves look out. Students can easily get many research papers off the Internet.A new Web site could help teachers catch copiers.Some students research and write their term papers. Others, however, just copy them off the Internet and turn them in as their work.Two graduate students at the University of California at Berkeley have written a program to catch the students who copy. It compares a student‟s paper with every other term paper on the Web.A hundred million Web pages on the Internet are searched. The top 20 search engines are used for the search. This service can be found at www. plagiarism. com. They also have a local data base of term papers.Teachers who sign up can send their students‟ papers to the Web site. Within 24 hours they know if the student did the work.Every sentence that was a word-for-word match with another sentence either found on the Internet or within our database is coded.A U.C. Berkeley professor told his class he would use the program. Still some students copied papers. All 300 papers went through the program. In 45 papers or 15 percent of students had cut and pasted large amounts of material from different World Wide Web sites.Students that say they didn‟t copy can defend themselves. They can show the instructors where they got their material. Students at universities try hard to get good grades. Some students welcome the Internet research watchdog because they say it is fair to all. They think copying is wrong.56. One reason why plagiarism has increased is that ______.A. student cheat more todayB. their reasoning and survival skills improvedC. students couldn‟t find information to copy before the Internet was developedD. it is so easy to cut and paste papers or parts of papers from the Internet57. Using the program developed at University of California at Berkeley, the papers are checked by using ______.A. printing and looking carefully at hundreds of papers on the InternetB. a search of many Web pages and a comparison of words usedC. asking the student where they got the information in the paperD. comparing all the papers which are turned in by the students58. If teachers want to find out if their students wrote their own papers, ______.A. they ask other teachers to read their students‟ papersB. they ask their students to list their sources of informationC. they can sign up for the Internet serviceD. they search the Internet and compare papersBIn modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: " I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try." What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others.Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition.59. What does this passage mainly talk about?A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.B. Opinions about competition are different among people.C. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.D. Failures are necessary experience in competition.60. The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means ________.A. those who try their best to winB. those who value competition most highlyC. those who are against competition most stronglyD. those who rely on others most for success61. What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a "desire to fail"?A. One's worth lies in his performance compared with others.B. One's success in competition needs great efforts.C. One's achievement is determined by his particular skills.D. One's success is based on how hard he has tried.62. Which point of view may the author agree to?A. Every effort should be paid back.B. Competition should be encouraged.C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.C篇About 40 years ago the famous British band The Beatles sang that“money can‟t buy me love”. Today British economists are saying that it perhaps can‟t buy you happiness either. This is showed by the happy planet index published recently by the New Economics Foundation (NEF ) in London.The index is about how well countries are using their resources. It shows how well they provide people with better health and longer and happier lives and at what cost to their environment.It would seem to be a common sense that people in richer countries live happier lives while those in developing countries are having a harder time of it. But the results are surprising , even shocking. The numbers show that some of the so-called developed countries are performing verybadly. The United States, for example , comes at an unbelievable number 150th. On the other hand, some little-known developing countries are doing a much better job. A tiny is land in the Pacific, Vanuatu comes in first. There are 178 countries and areas in the index. China ranks 31.Countries are graded on the basis of information supplied in response to the following questions. How do people feel about their live? How long does an average person live ? How intensively does a country need to use its natural resources -- such as oil, land and water--to maintain standards. This is what the index call s the “ecological footprint”.The NEF found that the people of island nations enjoy the highest HPI rankings. Their populations live happier and longer lives, and use fewer resources.The results also seem to show that it is possible to live longer, happier lives with a much smaller environmental impact . The index points out that people in the US and Germany enjoy similar lives.“However, Germany …s ecological footprint is only about half “ that of the US. This means that Germany is around twice as efficient as the US at producing happy lives,” says Nic Marks, head of NEF‟s center for well-being.So happy planet Index(HPI) tells us a brand- new concept of understanding “being happy”. HPI figures out different countries or individuals‟HPI through their Ecological Footprint”and Life satisfaction Level “or ”Life Expectancy”. Clearly, people‟s HPI is related to their consumption of the resources on the earth.You can find out your own HPI by visiting http://www. happy planet /survey.htm.63. The story is mainly about ____________________.A. in which countries people feel the happiest.B.why money can‟t you happiness.C.what index can influence people‟s happiness.D.the happy planet index published recently64.According to the passage, the index has something to do with_________________.A.wealth, education, resources and heath.B. lives, heath, resources and environmentC.pressure, accommodation, resources and heathD. education, money, environment and resources65. Countries that have low HPI rankings___________________________.A. are only developing countries.B. have far fewer happy peopleC. have a greater impact on environmentD. do not enjoy plenty of resource66. The comparison between Germany and the US shows that______________________.A. some of the so-called developed countries are performing very badly.B. it is possible to live happier and longer lives with fewer resources.C. not all the people in developed countries enjoy happy lives.D. history and culture play an important role in people”s lives.六选四Directions: complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in December nineteen forty-one had brought America into the war. And it had severely damaged American military power. But Roosevelt decided not to strike back at Japan immediately. 67 . There were several reasons for Roosevelt‟s decision. First, Germany already controlled much of Europe, as well as much of the Atlantic Ocean. Roosevelt considered this a direct threat. 68 . Second, Germany was an advanced industrial nation. It had many scientists and engineers. Its factories were modern. Roosevelt was concerned that Germany might be able to develop deadly new weapons, such as an atomic bomb, if it was not stopped quickly. Third, Britain h istorically was one of America‟s closest allies. And the British people were united and fighting for their lives against Germany. This was not true in Asia. Japan‟s most important opponent was China. But China‟s fighting forces were weak and divided, and could not offer strong opposition to the Japanese.Hitler‟s decision to break his treaty with Josef Stalin and attack the Soviet Union made Roosevelt‟s final choice. The American leader recognized that the Germans would have to fight on two fronts: in the west against Britain and in the east against Russia. 69 . So Washington sent most of its troops and supplies to Britain to join the fight against Germany. American military leaders hoped to attack Germany quickly by launching an attack across the English Channel. Stalin also supported this plan. Soviet forces were suffering terrible losses from the Nazi attack and wanted the British and Americans to fight the Germans on the west. However, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and other leaders opposed launching an invasion across the English Channel too quickly. They worried that such an invasion might fail, while the Germans were still so strong. 70 . For this reason, British and American forces decided instead to attack the Italian and German occupation troops in north Africa.概要写作：It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only “remembering things” like arithmetic or historical facts, bur also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed (嗅到，闻到)something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learn to swing a baseball bat.Memory exists not only in humans and animals but but in some physical objects and puters ,for example,contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 “words”--ready for instant use.An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning about 100,000 words of English. However, this is a but fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings.A large part of a person‟s memory is in terms of words and combinations of words.翻译1.我从未想到我校篮球队会在比赛中败北。
江苏牛津译林版2017-2018学年高二12月阶段考试英语试题含答案
2017-2018学年高二12月阶段考试英语试题考试时间：120分钟总分：120分第I卷（选择题，共85分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每短对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much does the man have to pay?A.10 centsB.30 centsC.3 dollars2. What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Husband and wifeB.Shopkeeper and customerC.Friends3. What does the woman feel regretful for?A.Not advertising the saleB.Not looking at the adsC.Not going shopping4. How does the man probably feel?A.NervousB.SurprisedC.Disappointed5. Where will the woman probably be tonight?A.In the classroomB.In the theaterC.At home第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每短对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每短对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段对话，回答6-7题6. How many 5’s will the woman get?A.TwoB.ThreeC.Four7. What is the woman going to do next?A.Make a phone call.B.Check a bill.C.Take a bus.听第7段对话，回答8-9题8. What does the man say about the children nowadays?A.They are too tired.B.They are talented in music.C.They have much free time.9. What can the woman’s daughter play?A.The pianoB.The guitarC.The violin听第8段对话，回答10-12题10. What is the party for?A.A promotionB.A new houseC.The anniversary11. How many people will be invited?A.About 50B.About 115C.About 15012. What does the man hope to do?A.Move to the new house.B.Visit his friends on Saturday.C.Spend more time with his family.听第9段对话，回答第13-16题13. What kind of university does the woman prefer?A.A nearby oneB.A large oneC.A public one14. What can you expect in private schools?A.An academic atmosphereB.Lots of partiesC.Low tuition fees15. How will the woman pay her tuition?A.Her parents will pay all the expenses.B.She will look for a job in a music club.C.She has applied for a scholarship to pay part of it.16. What does the man plan to do after graduating from high school?A.Travel with his friendB.Work as a teacherC.Study further听第10段对话，回答17-20题17. Who is the laboratory instructor?A.Dr. SmithB.Dr. JamesC.Dr. Hayes18. In what condition will one’s name be moved away?A.If he is late twiceB.If he misses three classesC.If he breaks the microscope19. What is forbidden in the laboratory?A.DrinkingB.Wearing large clothesC.Touching the table top20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.Courses the students should complete.B.Instructions the students should follow.C.Experiments the students should do.第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018年上学期高二入学考试英语试题
2018年上学期高二入学考试英语试题总分：150分时间：120分钟注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman dislike doing?A. Dancing.B. Watching TV.C. Listening to music.2. What does the woman want the man to buy?A. Cheese.B. Sandwiches.C. Bread.3. What does the man like about the song?A. The singer.B. The words.C. The style.4. When does the woman want to leave for Florida?A. On the 26th.B. on the 28th.C. on the 30th.5. Which petrol station will the woman probably go to?A. The one next to the bridge.B. The one around the corner.C. The one opposite the cinema.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下而5段对活或独白。
牛津沪教版2017-2018学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题含答案
2017-2018学年高二下学期开学摸底考试英语试卷Ⅰ.Grammar and V ocabularySection A：Directions：Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1.The whole city seemed to spring to life almost overnight ar ound1050,a phenomenon now____ as a miracle.A.having referred toB.to be referring toC.referred toD.referring to2.It is hardly a surprise that there exists a food shortage,______the population of the small country has more than d ou b l ed within a decade.A.given thatB.so thatC.on condition thatD.provided that3.For most of the time,these scientists are living in a tent in the desert,filming and researching wildlife,away from_______most people consider civilization.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.In Egypt,tens of thousan ds of people flooded into the streets,only_rubber bullets and tear gas.A.meeting withB.being met withC.meet withD.to be met with5.This year conference goes in Switzerland have discussed_____to achieve a better balanceb e tw e en growth and stability.A.whenB.whereC.howD.why6._____you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However a serious pr oblem C.However serious a pr oblemB.What a serious pr oblem D.What serious a pr oblem7.The explorer enter ed the cave,____was like a sleeping bag pulled over his head.A.whose darknessB.its darknessC.darkness of whichD.which darkness8._____at first thought,practically every sentence you speak and write has never been spok en or written before.A.Amazing as it may seem C.As amazing it may seemB.As it may seem amazing D.It may seem as amazing9.Raising awareness of endangered species is just one of the ways we are taking action for the good of the planet_______.A.we call it homeB.called it homeC.calling homeD.we call home10.These logs will be shipped from South America to Persian,Gulf countries like Saudi Arabia, ______enforce laws protecting their own trees.A.whereB.thatC.whoseD.whichSection BDirections：Complete the following p assage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be u sed once.N ot e that there is one word more than you need.A.additionalB.academicC.balanceD.optionsE.highlightAB.particular AC.involved AD.related AE.Thought BC.presentationBD.positionJob seekers should know the rules of labor mark et before they try to find a pr oper job.Most career organizations___11___three stages for graduates to follow the process of securing a suitable career:recognizing abilities,matching these to available jobs and presenting them well to possible employers.Job seekers have to mak e a careful assessment of their abilities.O ne area of assessment should be of their___12___qualifications,which include special skills within their subject area. Graduates should also consider their own values and attitudes.An honest assessment of personal interests and abilities such as creative skills,or skills acquired from work experience,should also be given careful___13___.The second stage is to study the opportunities which are available for employment.T o do this, graduates can study job and___14___information in newspapers,or they can pay a visit to a careers office,write to friends or relatives who may already be___15___in a particular profession. After studying all the various___16___,they should be in a position to mak e informed comparisons b e tw ee n various careers.Good personal___17___is essential in the search for a good career.Job application formsshould be filled in carefully and correctly,without grammar of spelling errors.They should also prep are properly by finding out all they can about the possible employer.When___18___ information is ask ed for,job seekers should describe their abilities and work experience in more depth,as well as___19___their own abilities w ith the employer’s needs,explain why they are interested in a career with the___20___comp any and try to show that they already know something about the comp any and its activities.Interviewees should try to give positive answers and not be afraid of asking questions about anything they are unsure about.Ⅱ.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following p assage there are four words or phrases mark ed A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When buying a smart phone,I k eep my criteria simple.If the device can handle WeChat, phone calls and___21___the Internet,I purchase it.If it’s over1,000yuan,I___22___it.This appr o ach to acquiring smart phones___23___for me as I k eep my needs basic.Aside from saving myself money,I may have also saved myself from some wou nds or burns had I chosen a flawed phone.In recent news,things have been___24___for Samsung-literally.Samsung's most recent innovation is called the N ot e7.Sadly,it was discontinued only38 days after being made___25___for consumption.At first,a few customers complained that their phones caught fire while being___26___.Samsung,being responsible,launched an investigation to___27___the cases.They issued a global recall on September1,but it was tak en merely as a suggestion and not seen as___28___.Y et,earlier this month,the tech giant gave a stronger message to worldwide customers,saying all owners must st op using their N ot e7s immediately.Commercial forces encourage tech companies to push the envelope and pr oduce new products every few months.Sometimes,a conflict of interests can occur.The greed for innovation has a funny way of causing___29___for the basics-like safety-and the Note7's situation is just one example of this.The device___30___all kinds of cool features,including a super-high-resolution camera,an iris scanner and an especially powerful___31___.Ideally, manufacturers should consider all relevant aspects when creating new commodities.Samsung has both the money and technical know-how to prevent such negligence.The Note7's___32___wasmost likely rushed in order to mak e more profit,which___33___having the opposite effect.Time will tell how mu ch this oversight will cost with respect to Samsung'fame and future.___34___,it's safe to assume that Samsung could eventually come back over the horizon and restore its reputation as a manufacturer of excellent smart phones if its new models have no major flaw.In an industry largely run by Apple and Samsung,intense competitions will only bring more benefit to consumers.If Apple were to become the only___35___company,we would be left with few options for top-of-the-line phones.21.A.surf22.A.buy23.A.works B.accessB.desireB.checksunchD.processC.recommendD.abandonC.helpsD.adap ts24.A.growing up B.bringing up C.blowing up D.digging up25.A.accessible26.A.locked27.A.look over B.responsible C.affordableB.broadcastC.char gedB.look thr oughC.look upD.availableD.carriedD.look into28.A.aggressive29.A.neglect30.A.causes31.A.battery B.desperateB.needB.bo astsB.screenC.anxiousC.demandC.definesC.chipD.ur gentD.applicationD.forbidsD.frame32.A.camp aign33.A.ended up B.pr omotion C.inventionB.served forC.acted outD.releaseD.turned over34.A.Consequently B.Therefore C.Furthermore D.Nevertheless35.A.flexible B.ambitious C.dominant D.feasibleSection BDirections：Read p assage A,B,C and D.Each p assage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the p assage you have just read.（A）A gami ng comp an y in New Zealand is luring employees from ar ou nd the world by offering unlimited paid annual leave,a share in the company’s profits and no set work hours.Dean Hall became famous in international gaming circles for being the lead designer on popular video game DayZ.After searching the world for a location for his new gaming studio, Rocketwerkz,New Zealander Hall settled on the small university town of Dunedin on the south island’s east coast,where land is cheap and creative start-ups have become an important p art of the city’s identity.Rocketwerkz’s flexible work culture is now drawing talent from ar ound the globe,with Hall receiving300messages of inquiry since a local newspaper wrote about his studio last week.Last year,when the comp any was still in its infancy(婴儿期),b aby cats would also mak e a regular appearance in the office as a form of fighting stress,and Friday afternoons are generally reserved for sports and games to end the week on a playful note.―The first time I heard about the idea of unlimited paid leave in places like Silicon V alley it was about the problems it caused.A culture had appeared where employees took no leave,‖said Hall.―So to address that,our staff are issued the standard New Zealand annual leave of four weeks,but they can also take unlimited leave in addition to that.‖Emily Lampitt,from Britain,is a3D junior artist who has been with the comp any for a year and a half.She says the flexible work culture was a huge factor in her decision to mov e to New Zealand.―The flexibility here has made me feel much more relaxed,‖she says.―T ha t internal stress I u sed to feel in a traditional work environment has gone,so when I am at work now it is because I want to be,because I am passionate(有激情的),not because I am afraid of my boss or watching the clock.‖36.The underlined word―luring‖in Paragraph1is closest in mean ing to_______.A.cheatingB.disturbingC.inspiringD.attracting37.Why are b aby cats men ti oned in P aragraph4?A.T o show the comp any focuses on pressure relief.B.T o explain how the comp any motivates its staff.C.T o stress the significance of harmony in workplaces.D.T o introduce a new way to promote creativity38.According to the passage,unlimited paid leave in Silicon Valley________.A.set a good example to RochetwerkzB.didn’t work out as expectedC.helped develop the local cultureD.solved the pr oblem of unemployment39.What is the writing purp ose of the above text?A.T o encourage It comp anies to be more flexible.B.T o describe what a creative comp any should be like.C.T o give a report on the flexible management of a company.D.T o discuss how to mak e a traditional comp any more competitive.（B）Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will mak e place-b ased colleges less significant,and five years from now,students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online.I applaud Mr.Gates.But what’s taking us so long?As early as1997,MIT(麻省理工）decided to post videos of all university lectures online,for free,for all people.But today,how many students have you met who master ed adv anced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video?Unfortunately,the answer is not many.The pr oblem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students.Those who go to the MIT website and watch courses online are surely very smart people,but ifs not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft.Only the most students, th ose who are highly motivated,will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos.The real question is why we aren’t spending more to develop better online education platforms.Where is the Avatar of education?Think about this.The mark et for Hollywood films per year is worth ar ou n d30billion cation in the world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market, hundr ed s of times bigger than Hollywood movies.Y et the most expensive digital learning system ever built cost well under100million dollars.Bill Gates’prediction is going to happen.There is no doubt about it.But it will only happenwhen we create high level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more th an has ever been possible in the real world.40.What has Bill Gates forecast about online learning?A.It will concentrate on physics lectures.B.It will completely replace real universities.C.It will help to mak e universities more successful.D.It will play an increasingly important role in education.41.What does the underlined word―ardent‖in Paragraph3mean?A.Creative.B.Enthusiastic.C.Well-behaved.D.Experienced.42.According to the author,what is holding back the popularity of online learning?A.The lack of lectures available online.B.The high cost of access to the websites.C.The low standard of educational websites.D.The competition with online computer games.43.Why does the author mention Hollywood?A.T o show that Hollywood pr oduces many successful movies.B.T o prove that education is more profitable th an entertainment.C.T o ar gue that movie directors should pr oduce educational content.D.T o ur ge that more money be spent developing educational websites.（C）In1917Orville Wright predicted that―the aeroplane will help peace in many ways–in particular I think it will have a tendency to make war impossible.‖Earlier in1904,American journalist Jo hn Walker declared,―As a peace machine,the value of the aeroplane to the world will be beyond computation.‖This wasn’t the first grand promise of technology.In that same year Jules Verne announced,―The submarine(潜艇)may be the cause of bringing battle to a stoppage.‖Alfred Nobel,sincerely believe his dynamite(火药)would be a war obstacle:―My dynamite will sooner lead to peace than a thousand world conventions(公约).‖Similarly,when Hiran Maxim,inventor of the machine gun,was asked in1893,―W il l this gun not mak e war moreterrible?‖He answered,―No,it will make war impossible.‖Gugliemo Mareconi,inventor of the radio,told the world in1912.―The coming of the wireless time will make war impossible,because it will make war ridiculous.‖General Jam es Harbord,chairman of the board of RCA in1925, believed,―Radio will serve to make the concept of Peace on Earth,Good Will Toward Men a reality.‖David Nye,a historian of technology,adds to the list of inventions imagined as abolishing war forever and leading to universal peace the hot-air balloon,poison gas,land mines and laser guns.It is not that all these inventions are without benefits—even benefits toward democracy. Rather,it’s the case that each new technology creates more problems than it solves.―Problems are the answers to solutions,‖says Brian Arthur.Most of the new problems in the world are problems created by previous technology.These problems are nearly invisible to us.Every year1.2million people die in automobile accidents.The technological transportation system kills more people than cancer.Global warming,environmental poisons,nuclear terrorism,and species loss,are only a few of the many other serious problems troubling people.If we embrace(拥抱)technology we need to face its costs.44.What will new inventions do according to the first two p aragraphs?A.They will increase wars.B.They will lead to peace.C.They will serve people.D.They will break conventions.45.What invention was considered to mak e war silly by its inventor?A.The radio.B.The aeroplane.C.Dynamite.D.The machine gun.46.What does the author list so many inventions?A.To show people’s creativity.B.T o appreciate their benefits.C.T o contradict th e original ideas.D.T o prove grand promises.47.What does the author hope to tell us about new technology thr ough the text?A.It will experience many tests.B.It will bring about huge costs in the world.C.It provides answers to many problems.D.It presents more problems than it solves.（D）toA homeless man is fast becoming an Internet sensation （引起轰动的人）with his video blogof life on the street of Moscow, it’s reported. Yevgeny Yakut moved to the Russian capital, hopingto live better , but soon found himself one of the many homeless people in the city known for itshousing shortage and high cost of living. But he thinks he has found a way out.―I was warmingmyself in a railway station when I saw television report on bloggers earning, mon ey by makingadvertisements,‖he tells the TV channel Moscow 360. A y oung passer -by got chatting to himabout the idea, and agreed to be Mr. Yakut’s cameraman, using a smart phone to record his friend’sh u mor ou s stories of daily struggle to ―find food, a place to sleep, and k eep out of the way of thepolice.‖So viewers could see how he lives in central Moscow without a home.They uplo ad the regular videos to Y ouT ube, where Mr . Y akut is hoping to attract enoughsubscribers （订阅者） interest advertisers in his channel. So far , the pair have attracted more th an18,000 subscribers---around half of those since Russian media began reporting his story and moreth an 450,000 video views.In our video, Mr . Y akut points out free shuttle bus （班车）serves that he, and others in hisposition, can use to get around. He also shows viewers th e best place he has found to wash andshave---a modern shopping centre bathroom---and how to mak e use of the items other Muscoviteshave abandoned in the city’s bins.The popularity of the pair’s Y ou T ube channel has impressed video-mark eter KirillKalashnikov, who tells Moscow 360 that with some professional help, ―this could be turned into amillion subscribers within a year ‖. In the meantime, Mr . Y akut says supporters can mak edonations thr ough a Moscow drain pipe, where he hides his dollars in a deposit box made from asoft -drink bottle.48. How did Y evgeny Y akut find the method of living in Moscow?A. Through a TV report.B. Through surfing the Internet.C. Through talks with passers-by .D. Through reading an economic book.49. What does Y evgeny Y akut mainly share with viewers?A. His hard way to success.B. His belief of living a better life.C. His positive attitude toward har d life.D. His daily struggle for living in Moscow .50. It can be inferred that Russian media ____.A.are helpful to achieve Yakut’s planB.supported Yakut’s ideaC.help the homeless free at any timeD.mainly focus on social problems51.Video=marketer Kirill Kalashnikov_____.A.is good at attracting the audienceB.has confidence in Yakut’s videosC.will give Y akut professional helpD.likes Yakut’s special lifestyle52.What kind of person is Y evgeny Y akut according to the p assage?A.Generous and famous.B.Positive and charming.C.Smart and careful.D.Hard-working and educated.（E）Inside the Rain R oomThe Rain R oom has arrived and local art lovers are taking notice.Is it worth the wait?Yes,I assure you it is.Once inside,visitors find a long,dark room with a high ceiling.A single bright light shines thr oug h heavy rain falling ar ound visitors.The mist.The damp air.The noise.It feels like a mighty storm is pouring down.But the storm is inside.And vis itors aren’t getting wet. Instead,visitors wander in awe,admiring the rain and the artists who created it.The Rain R oom was created to highlight the connection be tw ee n humans,nature and technology.With a tracking system that senses movement and stops the rain wherever visitors move,it does just that.Light and sound pr odu ce an experience that feels both natural and foreign. The exhibit is moving on to Atlanta next month.I urge you to visit before then.It’s time to experience the Rain R oom for yourself!W elcome to the Rain R oom●The Rain R oom features falling water.Please be aware you may get slightly wet.However,visitors wearing raincoats will be turned away.●This exhibit features adv anced technology.T o ensure its effectiveness,please avoidwearing dark or reflective clothing.●Visitors are welcome to tak e p hot og rap hs of the exhibit.●Children mu st be accomp anied by an adult.●For the convenience of all guests,visits are limited to10minutes.53.What’s the purpose of the text?A.T o attract visitors to a new art exhibit.B.T o explain how an exhibit has been created.C.T o describe the technology u se d in the exhibit.D.T o promote the artists taking part in the exhibit.54.What’s the function of the exhibit’s tracking system?A.T o k eep visitors from getting wet.B.T o protect the exhibit from water damage.C.T o time how long visitors are in the room.D.T o count the number of visitors in the room.55.What mu st you do when visiting the Rain R oom?A.Wear a raincoat.B.Wear dark clothing.C.Leave your camera outside.D.P ass thr ough within10minutes.参考答案：1-5CABDC6-10CAADD11-15E;B,;AE;BD;AC16-20D;BC;A;C AB 21-25BDACD26-30CDDAB31-35ADADC36-39DABC40-43DBCD44-47BACD48-52ADABC53-55AAD。
上海市上海中学2017-2018学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题 Word版含答案
2017-2018学年上海中学高二第一学期开学测试II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirection: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the other answer that best completes the sentence.25.Excuse me,would you please tell me .A.when the sports meet is taken placeB.when is the sports meet going to be heldC.when is the sports meet to beginD.when the sports meet is to take place26.Time flies like an arrow,and time lost .A.never has returnedB.never returnedC.never returnsD.is never returning27.If the factory the river,there will be no fish in it soon.A.left pollutingB.leaving pollutingC.is left pollutingD.leaves to pollute28.What really flatters a man is you think him worth flattering.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.how29.Time tries friends fire tries gold.A.whenB.asC.likeD.what30.I have pleasure in introducing to you the man without generosity your club would cease to exist.A.whoseB.thatC.whichD.this31.Learning is a natural pleasure,inborn and instinctive, of the essential pleasures of the human race.A.whichB.oneC.eachD.any32.In the past decade ,geologists have come loser than ever to the age of the earth.A.calculateB.calculatingC.be calculatingD.have calculated33.He insisted on Dr.Turner instead of Mr.Turner.A.his being calledB.him to be calledC.his callingD.him to call34.There something wrong with the engine of the car,we had to go to the park by taxi.A.having beenB.beingC.isD.was35.A person who begins a job that he isn‟t going to like it or is sure that he is going to fail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hold back his success.A.convincesB.convinceC.convincedD.convincing36.Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces ,and each of us must choose we want to shape our outlook and our expectations.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when37.There is no doubt that it is around the family and the home all the greatest virtues of human society are created,strengthened, and maintained.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.with38.As we go into the new century,we need to be ready to go with the winds of trust,conscience and intuition, we are open to the unexpected and are alert and are adaptable,life will become a wonderful journey.A.UntilB.UnlessC.thoughD.If39.Much unhappiness has been suffered by those people who have never recognized that it is as necessary to make themselves into whole and harmonious personalities as themselves clean ,healthy and financially independent.A.keptB.keepC.to keepD.keeping40.Just to his surprise ,he had never expected a woman calling herself his birth mother20 years after his birth.A.there to beB.there beingC.there isD.there have beenKeys: DCCAB ABBAB CBADC Athe hot sun,running around for no reason.Perhaps in lower level education,children see it as a41 of escaping the classroom,but as they grow older ,it‟s simply looked upon as a huge waste of time and energy.However,engaging in acts of physical activity from a young age is very important for both the mental and physical health of a child ;the habits learnt in youth tend to continue into adulthood,thus having an effect on the prevalence of obesity and 42 illnesses in society.Physical activity has been 43 with an increased life expectancy in adults so its importance is obvious ,but its value for children sometimes needs to be 44 .It is never too early to start teaching a child 45 behavior and habits;however ,in middle childhood(ages6-10)children tend to be in a stage of development where they think very literally and will absorb everything you teach, do and say,.It is during this stage of development that they are most likely to be taught healthy eating habits,develop exercise programs and have an interest in 46 sports.Physical activity is one of the most important things we all can and should do to keep our body in healthy 47 .There are many health conditions that don‟t require a pill to be swallowed on a daily basis but ca be helped with a tiny amount of time invested in exercising .Physical activity is 48 for both mental and physical health.It has also been considered a tool for boosting our social life.People who see exercise as a total waste of time should understand that exercise is essential to life because it not only prevents us from being susceptible to illness,but it also teaches us how to be disciplined in the 49 that we have complete control over our body and its outcome.Today we live in an environment where we get more unhealthy foods and beverages for a lesser cost,which in 50 promotes greater consumption ,and unhealthier children and adults.Keys: AB AE A C BC AC B AD BD EIII. Reading comprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.With the sudden urge for social engagements in the modern world, many events and activities are being promoted to attract teens and adults. While adults feel out of place in a space filled with younger aged teens, teens often find themselves having to ___51___ between two extremes being presented by society: either teens decide to attend these events and are heavily pressured to”take just one sip ,” or ___52___ the popular act of drinking. The legal drinking age is currently eighteen, but the illegal drinking age is as low as zero. Most people have their first drink by the time they‟re 13. Unbelievably, that first drink can be the ___53___ of a troubled life.A few reasons for teens drinking are peer pressure, enjoyment, ___54___, sadness, boredom, rebellion and insomnia. But the main reason for doing so is “to ___55___ the law.” Teenagers become ___56___ with alcoholic beverages from the moment they enter high school. That means that a large quantity of teens under the age of eighteen have used alcohol before. Teens feel as though drinking before the legal age is a big deal, so they all try to ___57___ the rest of the “legal ”society. Being a ___58___ and not following the rules is an important role of a teen‟s life, though no one wants to face the consequences of being an adult.Despite the fact that it is legal for young teens to purchase alcohol, they are able to get it throug h their parents‟ liquor cabinets, ___59___ store clerks, or older friends who purchase it for them. As we all see, it is not hard for teens to obtain alcohol. Since there seems to be no ___60___ of under age teen drinking in society, why then not just lower then drinking age? Drinking can make teens “feel good,” but this feeling lasts only for a short time. Teenagers on shows like Gossip Girl get drunk regularly, but those shows rarely ___61___ the problems alcohol can cause. Teenagers often think that drin king will give them more energy, but ___62___ isn‟t an energy drink; it‟s a depressant. Alcohol ___63___ damages the brain and body, and for this to happen at a very young age, is saddening. Drinking stimulates poorly made decisions by teens, and ___64___, many teens end up pregnant or dropping out of school. They may even get hurt or ___65___ in severe accidents caused by their being drunk.51.A cause B.choose C.avoid D.witness52.A.pick up B.deal with C.fight against D.engage in53.A.excuse B.start C.symbol D.meaning54.A.anxiety B.disorder C.imitation D.lifestyle55.A.observe B.resist C.break D.invent56.A.busy B.content C.honest D.familiar57.A.fit in with B.make up for C.catch up with D.hold on to58.A.protester B.supporter C.rebel wyer59.A.illegal B.irresponsible C.forgetful D.unsatisfactory60.A.report B.prohibition C.elimination D.measures61.A.solve B.blame C.explore D.assume62.A.water B.wine C.liquor D.alcohol63.A.constantly B.actually C.exactlyD.unexpectedly64.A.as a result B.in return C.on the contrary D.after all65.A.arrested B.cheated C.disturbed D.killedKeys: 51-55 BDBAC 56-60 DACBC 61-65 CDBADIV. Reading ComprehensionSection A: Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Martha Kostyra was born in Jersey City ,New Jersey on August3, 1941(she became Martha Stewart when she married Andy Stewart in 1961). Martha‟s dad was a pharmaceutical (制药学的) salesman and her wife was a housewife and a teacher. Her were fairly strict and required their children to do plenty of housework and help around the house . Martha learned how to cook and sew from her mother .She also learned about gardening by helping her father out in the yard.When Martha was in high school , she made extra money by babysitting and organizing children‟ parties . She was a bright student and attended Barnard College in New York city. She helped pay for her schooling through modeling jobs. In 1962, she graduated from Barnard with degrees in History and Architectural History.Before graduating from college, Martha married Andy Stewart. After college she and Andy traveled and Martha continued to model. Martha had her only child, a daughter named Alexis, in 1965. Two years later, Martha wanted to go to work. She got a job as a stockbroker in New York City and worked for six years.In 1971,Martha and Andy purchased a farmhouse they called Turkey Hill in Westport, connecticut. After quitting her job, Martha spent her time completely restoring the old farmhouse. She also studied how to cook and became an excellent gourmet chef. One day Martha decided to put her cooking skills to the test by opening up her own catering business. She cooked food and hosted large dinner parties and quickly became a success.Through her books and television appearances, Martha soon became famous . In the 1990s, she began to expand her business . She started a magazine called Martha Stewart Living, a popular newspaper column, and her own television show. The name Martha Stewart became a brand that was worth millions of dollars . In 1997, she formed a company called Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia. She was president and CEO. She took the company public in 1999, selling shares in the company. At one point her estimated wealth was nearly $1 billion. She also had her own band of products at stores like Home Depot, K-Mart, Macy‟s and Sears. She also worked with home builders to design Martha Stewart inspired homes.66. Martha has NOT been aA. baby-sitterB. stockbrokerC. catererD. home builder67. What started Martha … s success in business?A. Her modeling jobsB. Her graduation from collegeC. Her catering business.D. Her effort into the farmhouse68.The underlined phrase “took the company public” is closed in meaning to “ ”A. made the company appear on the stock marketB. Made the company known to more peopleC. shared the secrets of her success with the publicD. Sold the whole company to the highest bidder69.What is the purpose of this passage?A. To introduce Martha and Andy.B. To introduce Martha and her life stories.C. To show parents‟ role in one‟s successD. To stress the importance of doing various jobs.Keys: DCAB(B)There is a cry of rage, and a tennis racket crashes to the ground. Jake,age 7,has just lost another match and is now in tears beside the court. His sister Sally, just one year older, looks at her mother and rolls her eyes: it is hard to enjoy winning when this keeps happening. It is not an unusual situation, and it is one reason why many people argue that competition is bad for children. However,the truth is that competitive games are a valuable preparation for adult life.Games with winners and losers give children the chance to experience life‟s ups anddowns .Take Jake, for example.Even though he is unhappy now, he will probably be smiling and laughing with his sister in a few minutes, just like the last time this happened . Gradually, he will learn that the world does not end when you lose a game. Eventually, he may even be able to lose with a smile on his face. This is an important lesson. Not everything in life goes the way you would like, and it is important to know how to handle disappointment t when it occurs.Children who participate in competitive games develop qualities that allow them to succeed in the complex world of adult life. For example, one of the missions of the Youth Olympic Games is to inspire young people to adopt the Olympic values, which include striving,Determination and optimism. Competition creates a desire to do better. Children have to learn to succeed in a competitive atmosphere in order to take advantage of opportunities in thefuture .Although it is possible to win by chance occasionally, people who win and keep winning work very hard to achieve their success.On the negative side,there are those who will say that competition actually encourages some values , which does happen . It is common to see sports competition in which the desire to win has replaced the desire to have fun. You may even see very young children playing violently----like the superstars they see on TV. While the bad behavior of young athletes is troubling, the problem is not the competition itself. In reality, the blame lies with the professional players who are bad role models for these children. In fact, a recent study of young athletes by the school of Physical Health Education at the University of Wyoming showed an improvement in mood after exercise, athletes were less depressed or tense.Of course, there are parents who argue that children of Jake‟s age are too young to handle the pain of losing. But whether we like it or not, adult life is very competitive , and keeping children away from competition does them more harm than good. If children do not learn how to compete, they will be defeated by people who can. It is an unfortunate fact of life: whether ten or a hundred people want the same job, there can be only one winner .Wouldn‟t you want your child to be that person?petitive games prepare children for their adult life by_______A. enabling them to know to handle life‟s ups and downsB. allowing them to succeed in the complex world of adult lifeC. Ending their feeling about the world when they loseD. Helping them to smile even when they are disappointed71. The example of the Youth Olympics is meant to illustrate that_______A. Competitions develop children‟s qualities to succeed in their future lifeB. the Olympic Values should be promoted among young peopleC. Taking advantages of future opportunities makes one desire to do betterD. Only by working hard to keep winning can one achieve true success72. Which really counts in sports competitions according to Paragraph 4?A. The desire to winB. The desire to have funC. Good role modelsD. An improvement in mood73. The author suggests to the parents that_______A. They should learn how to handle pain of losingB. Children should know earlier the competitive adult lifeC. They shouldn‟t keep children away from competitionD. They should encourage their children to get the jobKeys: AABC(C)Cowboy or spaceman? A dilemma for a children‟s party, perhaps. But also a question for economists, argued Kenneth Boulding, a British economist, in an essay published in 1966. We have run our economies, he warned, like cowboys on the open grassland: taking and using the world‟s resources, confident that more lies over the horizon. But the Earth is less a grassland than a spaceship—a closed system, alone in space, carrying limited supplies. We need, said Boulding, an economics that takes seriously the idea of environmental limits. In the half century since his essay, a new movement has responded to his challenge. “Ecological economists”, as they call themselves, want to revolutionise its aims and assumptions. What do they say—and will their ideas achieve lift-off?To its advocators, ecological economics is neither ecology nor economics, but a mix of both. Their starting point is to recognise that the human economy is part of the natural world. Our environment, they note, is both a source of resources and a sink for wastes. But it is ignored in conventional textbooks, where neat diagrams trace the flows between firms, households and the government as though nature did not exist. That is a mistake, say ecological economists.There are two ways our economies can grow, ecological economists point out: through technological change, or through more intensive use of resources. Only the former, they say, is worth having. They are suspicious of GDP, a crude measure which does not take account of resource exhaustion, unpaid work, and countless other factors. In its place they advocate more holistic(全面的) approaches, such as the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), acomposite index(复合指标) that includes things like the cost of pollution, deforestation and car accidents. While GDP has kept growing, global GPI per person peaked in 1978: by destroying our environment we are making ourselves poorer, not richer. The solution, says Herman Daly, a former World Bank economist and eco-gu ru, is a “steady-state” economy, where the use of materials and energy is held constant.Mainstream economists are unimpressed. The GPI, they point out, is a subjective measure. And talk of limits to growth has had a bad press since the days of Thomas Malthus, a gloomy 18th century cleric who predicted, wrongly, that overpopulation would lead to famine. Human beings find solutions to some of the most annoying problems. But ecological economists warn against self-satisfaction. In 2009 a paper in Nature, a scientific journal, argued that human activity is already overstepping safe planetary boundaries on issues such as biodiversity(生物多样性) and climate change. That suggests that ecological economists are at least asking some important questions, even if their answers turn out to be wrong.74. Kenneth Boulding and the content of his essay at the beginning of this passage are meant to .A. point out how ignorant of nature the cowboys areB. blame human beings for their exploitation of natureC. ask people to take seriously the environment limitsD. introduce ecological economists and ecologist economics75. According to ecological economists, what is the mistake existing in conventional textbooks?A. Ecology and economics are not mixed togetherB. Human economy isn‟t recognized as parts of natureC. The environment has both resources and wastesD. Diagrams connect firms, households and the government76. The comparison between GDP and GPI data in 1978 has warned us that .A. GDP is crude measure that is not worth usingB. car accident should by all means include in GDPC. we are gaining material wealth by destroying natureD. resources and energy will one day be totally used up77. Which in the following will the author probably agree?A. the aims and assumptions of economics need to be revolutionizedB. GDP and GPI should be both accepted by mainstream economistsC. Human beings can always find solutions to all the annoying problemsD. Ecological economists‟ concerns about the world are worth noticing.Keys: DBCDSection CDirection: Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable sentences from theWhen tea leaves were first imported to Britain in the 17th century, only a few could afford them. By the 18th century it had become the democratic drink of the everyman; but afternoon tea as a distinct ceremony, complete with pastries, was a Victorian invention.78 . The gradual infiltration of American coffee culture also played a part, as did the rise of women in the workforce (less than for sipping), the widening range of social haunts and the ebbing of formality (the Ritz still bans jeans and “sports shoes”).79 . Caffeine-free black tea and onion bread are recent additions to the menu. A century ago the Ritz was one of the few places an unmarried young woman could meet a man without a chaperone, says Ms. Simpson; women still dominate the tea guests, but most now leave their menfolk behind. And the quintessentially British experience is typically served by tall-coated waiters from continental Europe.Such luxury at a time of economic depression may be surprising. But tea seems to be an austerity-era way to splash out. At ￡42 ($67) a head, tea at the Ritz is a small part compared with lunch, let alone a room. 80 “Tea is a celebratory meal but it‟s often cheaper and doesn‟t take as long”, says Christina Norton.And the afternoon tea fashion is trickling down. For less grand hotels, it is a neat way to fill a formerly dead zone in mid-afternoon. 81 . The Great British Bake Off, a television programme devoted to cupcakes and crumpets, recently ended a second series. Sales of cookie cutters, cake stands and “vintage-style cake tins” have shot up, according to a department store. A pottery firm says tea, “the big thing of the moment”, has received demand for its wares. Times may be tough, but Britons are still eating cake.Keys: C;AB;B;DIV. Translation1.如果你想申请那所美国大学的奖学金，请尽快通过电子邮件与他们取得联系。
2017-2018学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题 含答案
高二英语开学考试试题（寒假作业过关检测题）(考试时间：120 分钟试卷总分：150 分)第一部分：阅读理解(满分30 分) 阅读下列短文，并从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
AI’m Evan Ducker. I’m just like every other 15-year-old boy, except I was born with a red birthmark.Some birthmarks are signs of serious medical conditions. I’m very fortunate—mine isn’t, I pretty much live a regular life, except for people asking me about it all the time, which can get annoying (恼人的) sometimes.When I was about 4 years old, I asked my mom why there weren’t any characters with birthmarks in the books she would read to me. When we went to the library, we realized there weren’t any available for little kids. Worse than that, the books available to older kids and adults described characters with birthmarks as unattractive. So I decided to write my own.I based the story on all the real things that happened in my life. But instead of people, the characters in the book are real animals from the Galapagos Islands, including red-footed booby birds (鲣鸟). I picked a booby bird as the main character because the birds have red feet due to a vascular (血管的) condition, similar to a human birthmark!It was really tough to get my book published. It took a long time because a lot of publishers refused to publish it. They would say there wasn’t a big enough market for a book about birthmarks.But my mom never gave up trying to help make my dream come true. And in 2005, she finally took her own money and self-published Buddy Booby’s Birthmark. After it was published, I got letters from readers all over the world. They all shared their stories and thanked me for sharing mine. T eachers wrote to tell me that my book changed the way classmates treated each other and that my book was helping kids to accept and appreciate their differences.Then, as more teachers started reading my book, I created a free global reading event, the “International Buddy Booby’s Birthmark Read—Along for T olerance and Awareness”.1.The author’s birthmark seems to .A.be easy to removeB. annoy him all the timeC. cause serious health problemsD. bring him some trouble2.What the author found in the library made him .A.regretfulB. disappointedC. stressedD. bored 3.What did the publishers think of the author’s book?A.It wouldn’t sell well.B. It was rather uninteresting.C. It was poorly written.D. It wasn’t fit for kids to read.4.The author’s book Buddy Booby’s Birthmark .A.was a best-seller in 2005B. was the first book about birthmarksC. made a difference to its readersD. helped kids all in love with readingBMy first impression of Miss Vicki was a highly authoritative (权威的) person towering over me. She spoke in a loud voice and the earth shook whenever she marched. That was in the first year of high school she was a knowledgeable literature teacher then. However, during my first year in school, she struck terror into myheart (使我但战心惊)，and everyone else’s of course. Just the mention of her name made the most unruly classes silent.Nevertheless, the two years of junior high passed by rather quickly. Soon, I went to senior high class, I had worked hard and gotten the subject combination that I wished for. T ogether with a group of old friends, I soon settled down in class comfortably.T o everyone’s surprise, she was fortunate enough to be my teacher that year. I was shocked when I heard the news. This time round, however, I decided not to hide in terror whenever she was near. I decided to face the fact that we were going to meet each other for the next 365 days. Instead of trying too hard to lick her boots, I tried my best to be my natural self in front of her.Still, I could not shake off the ice-cold impression that she put in my heart. Truly, her jokes sometimes sent me into fits of laughter, yet at other times these jokes simply fell flat the moment she told them. My lovely class, however, was always ready to laugh at the right time of her amusing stories. After all, we would not wantto run the risk of provoking (激怒) her.Unluckily, life was not to remain boring. One day we received news that Miss Vicki was to leave Singapore for the Philippines where she would take part in a voluntary teaching program for the poor. We did not know what to say actually. All of us cried at the airport.5.During the first year in school, the author thought Miss Vicki was .A.proud but patientB. beautiful but strictC. scholarly but seriousD. humorous but single-minded6.What does the underlined phrase “lick her boots” in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Win her favor.B. Embarrass her.C. Argue with her.D. Follow her closely.7.What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A.Miss Vicki was a good joke teller.B. Miss Vicki’s jokes were always boring.C. Students liked Miss Vicki’s class very much.D. Students pretended to laugh to please Miss Vicki.8.What can we infer about Miss Vicki from the last paragraph? A.She was dismissed form the school. B. She was not accepted by the students.C. She was unwilling to leave her students.D. She had a strong sense of social responsibility.CStrong writing is one of the most important skills for any college student. Many non-native English speakers have no idea what professors in the U.S. expect from a college paper. A college paper is a piece of writing than can be as long as 20 or more pages. Even native English-speaking college students struggle with how to succeed with such a difficult responsibility.Deborah Dessaso is the Writing Resource Coordinator at the University of the District of Columbia. She says college writing is very different from what many students experience earlier in their education. Most U.S. high schools teach students how to write five paragraph essays. Students are often unprepared for the amount of research they have to do for a college paper.Nabila Hijazi is one of the assistant directors of the University of Maryland Writing Center. Hijazi is also an international student from Syria in the second year of her PhD program in English studies. She says the language barrier is not the biggest problem for students whose first language is not English.In a traditional paper, the first paragraph often contains the thesis statement. This statement is a one-sentence summary of the paper's main argument. The first paragraph of a college paper, or any paper, is usually the most challenging. The first paragraph is also the most important because it will guide the structure and show the voice of the entire paper. But not every type of writing is the same. There are also case studies and field reports in addition to traditional papers.Dessaso says that the best option for a student who wants improve their writing is to readReading examples of the type of paper your professor expects you to write can be very helpful. Professors sometimes provide examples. Y ou can also search the Internet for examples of papers about similar topics. But, you should never copy another person's work. Professors will find out if the work is copied and you will get in a lot of trouble.Hijazi also says that writing a paper takes time. Students should let other students read their work and listen to criticism.9.What do you know about a college paper?A.College students also call it a five-paragraph essay.B.It is easy for native English-speaking college students.C.It usually presents the theme in the first two paragraphs.D.The length of the paper is beyond expectation.10.According to Deborah Dessaso we can know that .A.American high school students do better in college writing.B.reading similar articles cam make you gain much bee internet benefit.C.your professor can give you clues on how to do your writing.D.surfing the Internet is an easy way to complete your writing.11.How did the author develop the passage?A.By making comparisonB. By giving explanationsC. By arising debatesD. By following time order12.Which is the proper title for the passage?A.Taking Steps T owards a Great College PaperB. College Writing Makes Students StruggleC. Great Barriers Stand Before College StudentsD. Never Give up When Y ou Are WritingDIn the past 24 hours, I have been gifted with two amazing opportunities for kindness. The first happened yesterday. On my way home I saw a small dog running across the very busy street. He ran into the neighborhood, so I went off in search of him in hoping that I could reunite him with his owners. After a cat and mouse game, he finally decided I was worthy of at least a little of his trust and came close enough to me for me to grab him.After taking him to be scanned for a microchip, I learned that he had disappeared eight months ago from his owners who lived an hour and a half away. As I had some free time , I drove him back to his rightful owners. He and his human mommy were so glad to see each another! It gave me a good smile to end the year.This morning my family and I went to a friend’s home to help her get her things back in order. She was one of the unfortunate people whose home was recently destroyed by the Rowlett, TX tornado. Her home was a total loss. Our job today was to help her sort through the debris and find anything with actual value that she might want to take with her.My husband helped to move furniture and other things to storage while our younger children helped clean up the yard. By the time we were done today, there was no denying that the home had met with disaster, we had gone far to restore order from the chaos that had been there before.My thought in entering the day was that our friend, who had been having trouble sleeping, was being affected by that chaos more negatively. I hoped that if we could give a hand, she would finally start to feel some sense of peace and allow herself the much-needed rest she so deserved. She posted on Facebook just a little while ago that for he first time she was sleeping at night. For me, that is the greatest gift I could give her. What a wonderful and deeply meaningful way to begin the year!13.In the end the dog dared to come close to the author .A.because it loved to play with a cat and a mouseB. because it lost his way in the streetC. because it thought the author wouldn’t harm himD. because it knew the author well14.The author and her family come to help her friend .A.as soon as the Rowlett, TX tornado leftB. after she knew hr friend’s troubleC. when she got a call from her husbandD. because she knew her friend was alone15.After reading the message posted on Facebook .A.the author felt as if a big burden had been lifted from her mindB.the author knew she would get a pretty good giftC.the author encouraged her family to do kindness againD.the author knew her friend get rid of sleep problems第二部分：英语知识运用(满分30 分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。