英语专业teamwork presentation
商务英语-TOPIC：TEAMWORK团队合作
商务英语-TOPIC：TEAMWORK团队合作PART ONE: Interview(1)Do you like working in a team or on your own?(why?)你喜欢在团队与个人合作还是独自工作？I like working in a team. In a team, I can learn from my fellow workers, get help from them when I’m under pressure. And the most important thing is : I can learn to communicate with all sorts of people.(2)How important is the central leadership of a team?团队的核心领导有多重要？It’s very important. It’s necessary for a team to have someone with managerial skills to lead within the team: he is able to see the big picture of the work going on , to engage others, to coordinate interpersonal relationship and to organize resources effectively.(3)Do you prefer to work in small teams or big teams?(why)你喜欢在小型团队还是在大型团队中工作？I prefer to work in a small team.When work with fewer people,it’s easier for everyone to commuinicate with each other timely and to understand each other’s capabilities and limitations.，which means it’s efficient to carry out plans and projects in a small team.(4)Is it necessary for a team to have regular meetings?团队是否有必要定期开会？Absolutely.It’s a efficient methods for team members to keep track of work progress,and it will make members in the team feel they are involved in the whole plan.BTW I think it’s also a means of considering information and making collective decisions.PART TWO: Mini-presentationEvaluating the success of teamwork 衡量团队成功与否需要考虑哪些要点？Mutual trust 相互信任Full co-operation 通力合作Mutual trust is the first secret of successful teamwork. When members share a trusting relationship, they will feel free to express their views and understand each other’s capabilities and limitations. This helps to bring out the potentials, experience and creativity of the individual and create good work environment.Besides,full co-operation among team members has a direct impact on the success or failure of the team. When team members develop a strong awareness of cooperation, they would make collective efforts to achieve the common objectives and ensure a higher level of quality .On top of that, timely communication and decision making will also help to improve work efficiency.What is important when creating an effective team?When creating a effective team,all the team members should have a cleatr objective.With clear objective in mind,the team will work cooperatively toward a common goal.The clear goal servesto unify the whole team and inspire the team members to greater achievements.Timely communication and decision making will also help to improve work efficiency.PART THREE：DiscussionTeamworkYour company is offering a brief training programme on team building for line managers. You have been asked to help plan the programme. Discuss the situation together, and decide:●what issues should the programme focus on●what kind of activities should be included团队合作你们公司正在考虑为部门经理提供关于团队建设的短期培训课程。
Teamwork presentation
Members trust each other.
Information is shared as team members
trust each other.
Overall objectives of the team are
common for all creating a
sense of unity.
Why teams fail
Conflicts Groupthink
Social Loafing : Lack of clear roles and responsibilities
Sharing or Self disclosure
Sharing is under discloser’s control Sharing is risky The element of trust Who shares first Share to what extent
How do you think the difference between group and team?
Attention!
group≠team Who can talk about the difference?
≠
Groups vs. Teams
Groups
Teams
Less trust among members. Information is sparsly shared except with close friends. Objectives of one member may be different from another group member. Feelings are not freely shared.
2023年四级3月第三套的听力重点单词
2023年四级3月第三套的听力重点单词一、interview1. interviewee2. interviewer3. interview在听力考试中，与面试相关的单词经常会出现。
一段对话可能涉及到某人被采访或者进行面试的场景，因此掌握这些相关单词是非常重要的。
二、presentation1. presenter2. present3. presentationpresentation是指做报告或者演示，这些单词在听力考试中也会经常出现。
学生们可以通过练习来熟悉这些单词的用法和发音。
三、discussion1. discuss2. discussion3. discussantdiscussion这个词与讨论有关，在听力考试中常常会听到有关讨论的内容。
了解这些单词的含义和用法对于备考很有帮助。
四、lecture1. lecturer2. lecture3. audience在听力考试中，也会涉及到听讲座或者讲座相关的内容，所以熟悉这些单词对于备考也是非常重要的。
五、negotiation1. negotiator2. negotiate3. negotiation与谈判相关的单词在听力考试中也会经常出现，因此学生们需要对这些单词有所了解。
六、cooperation1. cooperate2. cooperative3. cooperation合作是一个非常重要的主题，在听力考试中也会涉及到与合作相关的内容。
学生们需要熟悉这些单词的用法和含义。
七、teamwork1. team2. teamwork3. teammate团队合作是一个非常重要的能力，因此在听力考试中也会涉及到这方面的内容。
学生们需要掌握与团队合作相关的单词。
八、leadership1. leader2. lead3. leadership领导能力也是非常重要的，因此在听力考试中也会涉及到与领导能力相关的内容。
学生们需要了解这些单词的含义和用法。
Teamwork-Presentation
Practical Examples
• Entertainment at 35,000rices … Always
Singapore will be like Sri Lanka in ten years time
Lee Kwan Yew
Vision Vs. Values
• Vision - Direction • Values - Rightness of direction • Vision is not enough , you must convey it • A World Class Dream must transform ordinary people to become EXTRAORDINARY people.
Passion , Persistence and Patient
• Love What you Do • Have fun at doing it • NEVER EVER GIVE UP
Never Ever Give Up
Never Ever Give Up : Stories
Culture
Features of an effective Vision
• • • • • • • • •
Solid Sustainable Sincere Shared Supported Stretchable Show the future Comprehensive Success ingrained
Microsoft
A computer in every desk in every home in the world
President Mahinda Rajapaksha
CHANGE Sri Lanka to be a Modern State whilst Fostering the National Heritage and Culture with Peaceful Co-existence among the Communities of Sinhalese, Tamils, Muslims and others, instilling Economic Growth and Prosperity; and Maintaining Friendly Relationship with all Nations.
Presentation topics
Presentation Topics1. Team WorkWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?MANAGING A PROJECT●ENCOURAGING TEAMWORK●KEEPING TO SCHEDULEWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?CHOOSING PEOPLE TO WORK IN TEAMS●V ARIETY OF EXPERIENCE●PERSONAL QUALITIESKey point: improve working efficiency. This plays a crucial role in the commercial practice in Western world.Explain the importance of team work:a.Teamwork reflects the combined experiences, knowledge, intelligence and views of a group of people, so it willdefinitely improve the quality and efficiency of the work.b.If the participants worked together, it would be easy for them to come up with creative ideas. This is particularlyvaluable for a relatively complex work, for the people working in a team, if one of them gets stuck on a matter, others/the rest could chip in their ideas and get the problem sorted. But if you work on your own, for instance, you are the sole manager in the department.c.If people did not work as a team, everyone would have to wait for the decisions made by the manager and it was noteasy to get people to take on responsibility for anything.d. A huge and complicated project is not possible to be completed/done by merely one person. For instance, 3 Gorgesproject-a huge amount of money, 30 million people have to emigrate to elsewhere, a lot of commercial contractse.You will get bored quickly if you work on you own. But if you work in a team…f.Working in a team can increase personal awareness of abilities and complementary skills in colleague.How to improve teamwork:General ideas; friendly atmosphere; not bossy; patient; good manners; modest; leadership; good interpersonal skills; variety of experiencea.Variety of experience and a broad horizon would help to tackle urgent matters and establish his or her personal prestige.Well-experienced staff are capable of overcoming storms and crises.b.On coming across problematic issues, new or inexperienced staff usually will feel depressed and even start to panic.One or a number of experienced staff will, in this kind of situation, automatically become the spiritual leaders of the team and can get the issues in question solved quickly.c. A wide range of experiences are important to a team member, because you never know what kind of problems mightsuddenly come up to you. Experiences in different fields will enhance the chance of successfully sorting out the problem with your knowledge which is based on your past experience.Personal qualities:a.The basis of the team work is mutual trust and friendly atmosphereb.Good manners, not too bossy, patient, modest, leadership, good interpersonal skills.2. Project ManagementWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?MANAGING A PROJECT●ENCOURAGING TEAMWORK●KEEPING TO SCHEDULEKey points: Team work, time pressure (keeping to the schedule)Team work: as explained in the teamwork sectionTime pressure:a. A well-designed schedule can clarify yourself to the project. You should ensure that you would be running before theschedule rather than after it.b.Time is always of essence for a project.c.Failure to keep to the schedule will result in/cause late completion.te completion will lead to: civil litigation, injured party will become entitled to claim compensation/entitled to suethe breaching company.e.When the project is being processed/in the course of carrying out the project, there will be a lot of commercialactivities involved. Such as investment banks advance cash; raw material supply, planning permission, sub-contract/outsource. Failure to stick to the schedule will affect above matters.3. CompetitionWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?DEALING WITH COMPETITION●PRICING POLICIES●ADVERTISING STRATEGIESWHAT IS IMORTANT WHEN…?SETTING PRICES FOR NEW PRODUCTS●PRODUCTION COSTS●COMPETIORS’ PRICESKey points:Pricing; Advertising; Production costs; Competitor’s price; Mark eting; a wide range of services and productsPricing:a.(For a consumer): all consumers would like to go for higher quality and less expensive products. It is a common sense.b.(For a manager): correct pricing policies can capture a large number of consumers in a short period of time.c.For a newly established company: correct pricing policies are particularly important for newly established businesses.The major task for them at the early stage is to draw the public attention and make their company and their brand known to the public. When a new product is put into market, there may be very few people knowing/who know about it…(e.g.Thai curry source)Competitors’ price:a.Once a new product is put into market, it will immediately face the competition from rivals. The price war sometimescan be incredibly fierce and crude.petitors’ price will mirror the consumers’ attitude about certain products and the satisfaction about their prices.c.If you fixed the price higher than your rivals without higher quality of service, you might soon find yourself in anunfavorable situation.d.Correct pricing policies could also defeat some competitors in a short period of time. For example: Safeway, Tescoprice war against all small bread manufactures. In this case, Safeway and Tesco fixed their price for 7p per loaf, which is 23p cheaper than their competitors’ offer. As a result of this, in 35 days time, most of their competitors went into liquidation.Advertising strategies:a.The fundamental task for a company is to make its products and itself known to the public. There are many ways toachieve this, advertising is the most important one.b.Advertising through different media can cover nearly every corner in the world. The main channels are:-TV-Radio-Internet-Newspaper-Bill Board-Poster-Magazinec.The advantage/point of advertising is not only about propagandizing your company but also competing against/withyour rivals. A company, through proper advertisements, can manage to introduce the advantages of their products comparing to their rivals’, and therefore convince the consumers that their products would be the right choice. For instance, Car manufactures can put in their new designs to the ads, e.g. ABS, double airbags to convince the prospective customers that their cars are safer than others.4. Motivating staffWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?MOTIV ATING STAFF●FINANCIAL BENEFITS●CAREER DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIESWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?INTRODUCING A REW ARD SYSTEM FOR STAFF●PURPOSE OF THE REW ARD SYSTEM●TYPES OF REW ARD OFFEREDWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?AIMING TO REDUCE STAFF TURNOVER●FINANCIAL INCENTIVES●CAREER STRUCTUREKey points: Financial benefits; Career development/structure; reduce staff turnoverFinancial Benefits:a.Managers, company owners and supervisors have always been frustrated and bewildered by employees with little or nomotivation.b.Staff always want reward for their contribution to the company and what they are worth. Such factors are just likemarket forces. The fundamental reason of looking for a job is to get pay. Staff do the job what they are paid for.However, quite often, the staff work overtime under their managers’ demand. If the company fails to give proper financial benefits staff might subsequently feel not being fairly treated, and therefore frustrate their enthusiasm for their work.c.Staff want some sort of recognition for the job that they do. Correct financial benefits plan will arouse their enthusiasm;otherwise they would feel being ignored.d.The job that the staff are doing is not always interesting, or the working environment may not be pleasant, or theircolleagues might not be very helpful and cooperative. In this kind of situation/under the kind of circumstance, the staffwould become stressful and uninterested in their job. Correct financial benefits can normally distract staff from their dissatisfaction with….Career development/structure:a.Job-hunting is always a two-way process. On one hand, the employees look for their ideal jobs, on the other hand theemployer, at the same time, look for competitive people. An employer has a number of methods to attract the best people into its business. Such as high pay, traveling opportunities, company cars and training/career development opportunities.b.Good educational background is not the only element that the future employers will take into account when they lookfor someone in the job market. Postgraduate qualifications and professional trainings are equally or even more important than the higher education degrees. When the HR managers only have 30 seconds to go through each applicant’s CV, the sector that will catch their eyes are normally your qualification and professional training experiences, which show whether you suit their vacant positions.c.Nowadays, very few people would like to go for that kind of job-for-life posts. They all wish to have their jobs betterand better. If an employee is able to get the opportunities to obtain some sort of professional training during the course of employment, this experience will definitely enhance his value in the employment market and therefore benefits his future job-hunting.So in the two-way job-seeking process, while the employer is choosing its favorite people, the wise future employee will consider the training and career development opportunities with his/her future employer and try to make himself/herself more competitive in the employment5. Business PremisesWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?RELOCATION A BUSINESS●LOCAL WORKFORCE A V AILABLE●LOCATION OF SITEWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?CHOOSING RETAIL PREMISES TO RENT●LOCATION●LENGTH OF CONTRACTKey points: location of the premises; local workforce; rent a premisesLocal workforce:a.Might technology support and skilful workforce are the two crucial elements leading a modern enterprises to success.So when locating a business, the management people in the business got to consider local workforce.b.Skilful workers are just like the hands of a business, they are the direct creators of company’s profits.c.The diversity of the workforce’s skill s will diversify the quality of the products. (Swiss watch, Volkswagen cars)d.Skilful workforce is particularly important to hi-tech oriented companies. The hi-tech products require the company tomaintain a strong research and development team, which are normally the more valuable assets of the company.e.When locating a business, the managers need to consider whether the local workforce is capable of producing such astrong R&D team.f.Moreover, cheap local force will certainly reduce the production costs. (Consider why many foreign companies chooseChina as their manufacturing base)Location of the business site:Consider the following issues:a.Whether it is convenient and easy for raw material supply and transporting out the products.b.Whether it is easy to get access to the electricity, water, gas and other supporting energy supplies.c.Whether it is convenient for most of staff to go to workd.The property price theree.Environmental issuesf.Planning permissiong.Tax liabilitiesThe length of the contract:a. Longer contract would cover issues in more details. The contract should cover certain matter, which are likely to incur, such as assignment, service charges, and rent review clause.6. MarketingWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?AIMING TO REACH NEW MARKETS●MARKET RESEARCH●ADVERTISINGWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?ADVERTISING A NEW PRODUCT●TARGET MARKETS●CHOICE OF MEDIAMarket research:a.Marketing is the performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from producer toconsumer or user.b.Marketing research is always the first step before the company gets into the market.c.The fundamental goal of marketing is the satisfaction of consumer needs. No organization can survive for long withoutmeeting consumer needs. People will simply not purchase a product or service that they do not need.d.Thus, any organization, if it is to be successful, must proceed from the goal of customer satisfaction and adjust itsprograms to deliver an offering meeting consumers’ needs.e. E.g. foreign medium and high range car manufacturers did not attempt to enter into the Chinese market until recentyears, because following market researches, they discovered that Chinese consumers, in general, could not afford to buy and maintain expensive cars. …f. E.g. Pizza, Pasta…g.Talking about Market Research✧The company has done a lot of market research for the product.✧Can you tell me how a company starts selling a new product?✧Do you often carry out/conduct market research?✧What’s objective of market research?✧One of the purpose of market research is to find out whether there’s a market for the product.✧We did a detailed market analysis.✧Market research is actually an analysis of a specific market for a particular product.✧We have to run the market test for two months.✧We have a wide product range.✧The stock market is uncertain at the moment because interest rates are falling.Advertising:a.Advertising is the most useful way to propagandize a company’s products and make them known to the public.Advertising is also the way to get the products orientated. (E.g. whether the products are for female/male market, high earning people or low earning people. Sports shoes… perfume)b.When advertising a new product, it is essential to consider the target markets. Consumers’ needs in the target marke t.c.Choice of media: see Advertising Strategies.7. Trade FairWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?EXHIBITING AT TRADE FAIR●QUALITY OF DISPLAY●STAFF SELECTEDKey issues: Quality of display in trade fairs; Staff selected for trade fairs;Quality of display in trade fairs:a.The quality of display will affect the public image of the company.b.Trade fairs are the irreplaceable means of propagandizing products. They provide the manufacturers with the formalstages to display their products.c. A trade fair is an important link and activity in commercial sale. Before a trade fair takes place, there normal are a lotof propagandas about it, and the organizer always tries to attract as many customers as possible to attend the trade fair.d.Consequently, a trade fair will have massive influence on the public and market. And most of visitors to a trade fairwill be the genuine buyers or at least would like to take interests in the companies and the products on the trade fair.And therefore a high quality of display in a trade fair would be the best opportunity for an ambitious company to promote its newest products and built up its good image.8. Entertaining clientsWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?ENTERTAINING CLIENTS●TYPES OF ACTIVITIES●COSTTypes of Activities:a.Entertaining client is done by way of a series of activities. Such as a sightseeing tour, a football match, a ballroom party,an orchestra performance, a ballet show, a fashion show, playing tennis and a formal meal, etc.b.The activities that you choose will constitute a part of the first impression that you will give to your clients. So youshould be careful when choosing the type of activities. You need to consider the client’s age, educational and cultural backgrounds and do some research about your clients’ characters and h obbies.c.For well-educated clients, they may expect some high class-associated activities, such as ballet, ballroom parties, andorchestra performances. If you fulfill their expectation/standard, your efforts will put a lot of weight on your credibility.d.For some young clients, you may wish to take them to some more fashionable activities, such as a music bar, a popmusic show, a fashion show.e.For those sporty clients-football, tennisf.However, you should always end up all kind of activities with having a f ormal meal. You don’t want to talk aboutbusiness with your clients in the tennis court or theatre; they are just the warming-up activities for the key matter-business. After a whole day or a few days’ entertainment, you may find the distance between the t wo sides are much narrower than the beginning, and there might be a lot of things that you both want to talk about.The costs of entertainmenta.Not always the essential thing. Depending on the nature/characteristics of the transaction or the size of the deal.b.Should consider the profit issue. If the company is expecting to make big gain/profits out of a specific client, it shouldat least put in proportional investment to entertain/please its clients. E.g.….c.If the company foresees that the client is not very lucrative, then….d.The ideal plan would be spending as little money as possible to get the deal done. But you must not offend your clients.You should make them feel being welcomed.9. Complaint handlingWHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN…?DEALING WITH COMPLAINTS FROM CLIENTS●OFFERING AN APOLOGY●SUGGESTING A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEMa.Offering an apology is the very basic level.b.When the clients think that they have received unfair treatments, the first thing that the company should do is to calmthem down and try to keep the client.c.An apology is the first step and a useful method to maintain control of the situation.d.Offering an apology is an important gesture to show that the hosting company is fully aware of the situation and wouldlike to take the potential responsibility for its mistakes.e.The complaining clients would feel that their complaints are being paid attention and may therefore be happy toproceed to the transaction with the hosting company.f.It is necessary to suggest a solution to the problem as well.g.The clients want to enter into the transaction in a good mood and with a reliable and trustworthy business partner.Apart from an apology, the client would want to have the problems and misunderstanding solved before their communication moves to the next level. If the hosting company failed or refused to suggest a solution, its sincerity of entering into the transaction would be put into doubt.。
英语小组演示反思稿模板
---Title: Reflection on the English Group PresentationIntroduction:The purpose of this reflection is to critically analyze the performance of our English group presentation and to identify areas of strength and improvement. By evaluating our teamwork, content, delivery, and overall impact, we aim to learn valuable lessons that can be applied to future group projects and presentations.I. Teamwork and Collaboration:- Strengths:- We successfully divided the workload, ensuring that each member contributed to the project.- Regular meetings were held to discuss progress and address any issues.- Open communication facilitated smooth collaboration and a shared vision for the presentation.- Areas for Improvement:- Some members may have felt overwhelmed or underutilized at times.- Clearer roles and responsibilities could have been established from the outset.- Encouraging more inclusive discussions could have helped ensure all voices were heard.II. Content and Preparation:- Strengths:- The topic chosen was relevant and interesting, capturing the audience's attention.- Extensive research was conducted, resulting in well-informed and accurate content.- Visual aids and handouts were effectively used to enhance understanding and engagement.- Areas for Improvement:- Some sections of the presentation could have been more concise or better organized.- More diverse sources could have been included to strengthen the argument.- A practice run could have helped identify and rectify any gaps in knowledge or understanding.III. Delivery and Presentation Skills:- Strengths:- The group presented confidently, maintaining eye contact with the audience.- Clear and concise language was used, ensuring that the message was effectively conveyed.- The use of gestures and body language added to the overall impact of the presentation.- Areas for Improvement:- Some members may have stumbled over their words or paused too frequently.- A more dynamic delivery could have kept the audience engaged throughout.- Rehearsals focusing on timing and transitions could have improved the flow of the presentation.IV. Audience Engagement and Impact:- Strengths:- The presentation was well-received by the audience, who showed interest and participation.- Questions from the audience were answered thoughtfully, demonstrating our knowledge.- The visual aids and interactive elements helped to maintain the audience's interest.- Areas for Improvement:- More interactive activities or polls could have encouraged greater audience involvement.- Follow-up discussions or feedback sessions could have provided additional insights.- The presentation could have been tailored to address any specific concerns or interests of the audience.Conclusion:Overall, our English group presentation was a success, with many strengths and areas for improvement. By acknowledging and addressing the areas highlighted in this reflection, we can enhance our teamwork, content preparation, delivery, and audience engagement in future presentations. It is essential to learn from this experience and continue to grow as individuals and as a team.Personal Reflection:On a personal level, I found the experience to be both challenging and rewarding. I gained valuable skills in teamwork, research, and public speaking. I also learned the importance of effective communication and adaptability. Moving forward, I will strive to improve my contribution to group projects and aim to be a more active participant in future endeavors.---This template can be adapted to fit the specific details of your group presentation and can serve as a starting point for a comprehensive reflection.。
英语专业teamwork presentation【精选】
顺势疗法又称“同类疗法”，英文为 homeopathy，“homeo”是“相同” 的意思，“pathos”是“疾病”，英文 的整体意思是“同类疾病疗法”，顺 势疗法创始人是已故德国医生哈尼曼 （1755～1843），他从古代与当代各 国医书中将“顺势疗法”的医学理论 发掘出来，以毕生的时间亲自实验及 研究这一理论，于1796年将此理论公 诸于世
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Words and phrases
• Unit 23 • Unit 24 • Unit 25 • Unit 26 • Unit 27
Unit 23
• Refine（1）精炼,；使精美, 使(体态, 语言等)文雅 • holቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ down（53）制止；控制；缩减 eg We must try to hold prices down我们必须设法降低物价。
Unit 26
• picture sth.(26)设想（想像）做某事 • hitherto （4）[͵hiðə‘tu:]adv. 迄今; 到目前为止
eg Hitherto, this is the advanced method到目前为 止，这是先进的方法。 speculate （56）[‘spekju͵leit] 沉思，推测，投机 eg We can only speculate about the future我们 只能推测将来 She speculate on the exchange. 她做证券投机买 卖。 • Fair-haired （28）金色头发 • Dark-haired（29）黑色头发
Unit 24
• out of hand（21） ① 无法控制, Things are getting out of hand. 形势愈来愈难控制。 ②脱手, The ball dropped out of his hand球从 他手里掉了下来
关于teamwork的英语演讲稿
关于teamwork的英语演讲稿Ladies and gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening! It is an honor for me to stand here today and speak to you all about the importance of teamwork. As we all know, teamwork plays a crucial role in every aspect of our lives. Whether it is in the workplace, in our personal relationships, or in sports, the ability to work together as a team is essential for success.Firstly, let us define what teamwork actually means. Teamwork is defined as the combined effort of a group of individuals to achieve a common goal or objective. It is the collaborative effort of individuals with complementary skills that allows for the accomplishment of tasks more efficiently and effectively.Teamwork is not just about people coming together, but also about how they work together. Successful teams are characterized by several key attributes. Firstly, effective communication is essential. Team members must be able to communicate their thoughts, ideas, and concerns openly and effectively. This ensures that everyone is on the same page and can work towards the common goal.Secondly, trust is a vital element in teamwork. Trusting and being trusted by team members fosters a positive working environment. When team members trust each other, they are more willing to share ideas, take risks, and collaborate. Trust also encourages accountability, as team members feel responsible for their actions and contributions to the team.Additionally, teamwork allows for the sharing of diverse perspectives and skills. Every individual brings their unique expertise and experiences to the table, making the team more innovative and adaptable. When team members collaborate and draw upon each other's strengths, they can overcome challenges more easily and find creative solutions to problems.Teamwork also promotes motivation and a sense of belonging. Being part of a team allows individuals to feel supported and encouraged, leading to increased job satisfaction and productivity. When team members feel valued and respected, they are more likely to be motivated to work towards the team's goals.Furthermore, teamwork fosters personal and professional development. Working closely with others provides opportunities for learning from each other, acquiring new skills, and broadening one's knowledge. Team members can benefit from mentorship and guidance from more experienced colleagues, which helps them grow both personally and professionally.Now, let me share with you some examples of successful teamwork. Take the field of sports, for instance. In team sports like soccer or basketball, players must work together to score goals or win games. Each player has a specific role and must communicate and coordinate their actions with the rest of the team. It is through exceptional teamwork that championships are won and records are broken.In the business world, teamwork is also crucial. Whether it is a small startup or a multinational corporation, successful companies understand the importance of teamwork. Different departments and teams within an organization must collaborate, share information, and work towards a sharedvision. Companies that foster a culture of teamwork are more likely to achieve their goals and maintain a competitive edge in the market.In conclusion, teamwork is not just a buzzword. It is a fundamental aspect of our lives that can lead to success in various domains. Effective teamwork requires open communication, trust, collaboration, and appreciation of diverse perspectives. By working together, we can achieve more than what we could accomplish individually. So, let us all strive to embrace teamwork and recognize its importance in our personal and professional lives.Thank you all for listening.。
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Less (adverb) :“not so much” —with the positive form of one-syllable adjective: She is less tall than her brother.(=shorter than) —as the opposite of more to form the comparative with adjectives of two or more syllables: less careful —as a quantifier, usually with uncountable nouns: less milk, less sugar
Words and phrases
• • • • • Unit 23 Unit 24 Unit 25 Unit 26 Unit 27
Unit 23
• Refine（1）精炼,；使精美, 使(体态, 语言等)文雅 • hold down（53）制止；控制；缩减 eg We must try to hold prices down我们必须设法降低物价。 I can„t hold this horrible medicine down我还是把难吃的药 吐了出来。 fight back（23）抵抗 回击 content oneself with 满足于， 对...感到满足 eg Are you contend with your grade? 你满足你的分数吗？ vibration[vai‘brei∫ən]（35）摆动; 振荡 eg There is so much vibration on a ship that one cannot write. 船上的震动大得使人无法书写。
⑵something about John von Neumann (Unit 25)
John von Neumann：约翰· 诺伊曼 冯·
约翰·冯·诺伊曼(John von Neumann 1903.12.28─1957.02.08) 匈牙利─美国数学家，电子计算机之父。 冯·诺伊曼是一位匈牙利─美国数学家。生于匈牙利布达佩斯，卒 于美国华盛顿。父亲是犹太血统银行家。他从小就显露出数学才能，他 是一个数字神童，11岁时已显示出数学天赋。12岁的诺伊曼就对集合论， 泛函分析等深奥的数学领域了如指掌。早年在柏林大学（Free Universität Berlin）和苏黎世联邦工业大学学习化学，1926年取得化 学工程师的资格。在此期间他自学数学，受到希尔伯特和外尔等数学家 的影响。1926年获得博士学位。先后在柏林大学和汉堡大学任职。1930 年应聘到普林斯顿大学任教。1933年成为普林斯顿高等研究院第一批终 身教授，那时，他还不到30岁。第二次世界大战期间，担任制造原子弹 的顾问，并参与电子计算器的研制工作。1954年成为美国原子能委员会 委员并移居华盛顿。
委婉型双重否定句
英语双重否定句表达功效并不是只能分为绝对的对立 面，即在肯定语气和强调否定之间，还存在着一个过渡性的 表达功能，这就是委婉型的双重否定句。在这种句子中，第 一个否定词往往是一般否定词或绝对否定词，而后一个常为 半否定词或准否定词，如hardly，barely，scarcely等。很明 显绝对否定词的语义是非常绝对的，走极端的，而正是半否 定词的连用可对前面否定词语义进行削弱，可以翻译为“几 乎不……”，使句子表达得更加委婉。
compare”:
Why don not you have your hair cut? (neutral suggestion) Why don not get your hair cut? (almost an order) firsttion）则是指一句话 里有两个否定词或否定意义的词语，但这两 个否定词之间不是并列的关系，相反地，而 是相互抵消、相互加强或相互减弱的关系。
双重否定的三种功能——肯定、强调和委婉。 肯定型 双重否定句 Nothing is nothing at all? 没有一件事是微不足道的。（凡事都有重要性。）
There is no success without hard ships? 没有磨难，就没有胜利。（没有经历雨， 那有彩虹。）
强调型双重否定句
顺势疗法又称“同类疗法”，英文为 homeopathy，“homeo”是“相同” 的意思，“pathos”是“疾病”，英文 的整体意思是“同类疾病疗法”，顺 势疗法创始人是已故德国医生哈尼曼 （1755～1843），他从古代与当代各 国医书中将“顺势疗法”的医学理论 发掘出来，以毕生的时间亲自实验及 研究这一理论，于1796年将此理论公 诸于世
Unit 25
• concealment [kən‘si:lmənt]（15） 隐蔽； 潜伏 • delude [di‘lu:d]（32）欺骗,迷惑 • delude oneself 自欺
Unit 26
• picture sth.(26)设想（想像）做某事 • hitherto （4）[͵hiðə‘tu:]adv. 迄今; 到目前为止 eg Hitherto, this is the advanced method到目前为 止，这是先进的方法。 speculate （56）[‘spekju͵leit] 沉思，推测，投机 eg We can only speculate about the future我们 只能推测将来 She speculate on the exchange. 她做证券投机买 卖。 • Fair-haired （28）金色头发 • Dark-haired（29）黑色头发
“get sth done ” It has a strong sense, suggesting that „you‟ will take an active part in causing the job to be done. The causative with get is more limited than the causative with have. It always suggests that the subject (I, you, he, ect) will take positive action to „have sth done‟
Unit 24
• out of hand（21） ① 无法控制, Things are getting out of hand. 形势愈来愈难控制。 ②脱手, The ball dropped out of his hand球从 他手里掉了下来 ③立即Jane will marry you out of hand. 珍妮马 上就会和你结婚的 • dig at挖苦(p105的C部分) • toy with玩弄 • peck at 啄,凿 • harp on喋喋不休
Eg:
I can't hardly read your hand writing? 我几乎辨认不清你的笔迹。
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Lesson23 Line9
High Cs are getting higher, and a boiling point of exasperation was reached last week (when a starry cast of opera singers in Rome and Paris protested that the upward movement of orchestral concert pitches must stop or the voices of this generation would crack and the voices of the next be still-born.)
Class Workshop
group 2
Unit 23—27
We want to tell you---• • • • Interesting cultural factors (陈宣骁) Words and phrases (庄馨睿) Grammatical points (钱娟燕) Sentences structure (杨佳妮)
Unit 27
• untangle ['ʌn'tæŋɡl] （14）解决(纠纷等); 解开(乱结) • try out（11）试验, 考验, 提炼 eg Try out a young quarter-back 试用一 名年轻的四分卫 intuition [,intju:„iʃən] 直觉，直觉力 agenda [ədʒ'endə] 议程
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1:less and lesser 2:“get sth done” or “have sth done” 3:双重否定
compare:
It is not because they are lesser vocal athletes than the singer of the past. It is not because they are less athletic vocally than the great singers of the past.
双重否定句中的两个否定词之间在意义上并不总是 互相抵消、互相否定，也有可能是其中一个否定词 对另外否定词在意义上有强调的作用，即存在着 “否定＋否定=强调否定”的可能性 He will not lend his newly bought car to nobody whoever he is? 无论是谁来借他新买的车子，他都不会借。
⑶something about Game Theory
(Unit 25)
Game Theory: 赛局理论
有时也称为对策论，或者博弈论，应用数学的一个分支, 目前在生物学，经济学，国际关系，计算机科学, 政治学， 军事战略和其他很多学科都有广泛的应用。主要研究公式 化了的激励结构（游戏或者博弈（Game)）间的相互作用。 是研究具有斗争或竞争性质现象的数学理论和方法。也是 运筹学的一個重要学科。 赛局理论考虑游戏中的个体的 预测行为和实际行为，并研究它們的优化策略。 表面上 不同的相互作用可能表现出相似的 激励结构(incentive structure)，所以他们是同一个游戏的特例。其中一个有 名有趣的应用例子是囚徒困境(Prisoner's dilemma)。 back