Hurricane_Katrina
阅读理解1
Hurricane KatrinaA hurricane is a fiercely powerful,rotating form of tropical storm that can be 124 to l , 240 miles in diameter. The term hurricane is derived from Hurican, the name of a native American storm god. Hurricanes are typical of a calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter, known as the eye. They occur in tropical regions. Over its lifetime,one of these storms can release as much energy as 10000 nuclear bombs.The seed for hurricane formation is a cluster of thunderstorms over warm tropical waters. Hurricanes can only form and be fed when the sea-surface temperature exceeds 27℃and the surrounding atmosphere is calm. These requirements are met between June and November in the northern hemisphere.Under these conditions, large quantities of water evaporate and condense into clouds and rain - releasing haet in the process. It is this heat energy, combined with the rotation of the Earth, that drives a hurricane.When the warm column of air from the sea surface first begins to rise, It causes an area of low pressure. This in turn creates wind as air is drawn into the area. This spinning wind drags up more moisture-laden air from the sea surface in a process that swells the storm. Cold air falls back to the ocean surface through the eye and on the outside of the storm.Initially, when wind speeds reach 23 miles per hour, these mild, wet and grey weather systems are known as depressions. Hurricane Katrina formed in this way over the south-eastern Bahamas on 23 August 2005. Katrina has had a devastating impact on the Gulf Coast of the US, leaving a disaster zone of 90000 square miles in its wake – almost the size of the UK. Thousands have been killed or injured and more than half a million people have been displaced in a humanitarian crisis of a scale not seen in the US since the great depression. The cost of the damage may top $ 100billio卡特里娜飓风一个飓风一个激烈强大，轮流用热带风暴构成那能124半导体技术天地，240英里在直径。
为什么台风有如此大的威力？
为什么台风有如此大的威力？据科学家估计，台风释放能量的功率约为一万亿千瓦，相当于全世界发电功率的200倍。
01什么是台风？与飓风有本质区别吗？热带气旋中心持续风速在12级至13级（即每秒32.7米至41.4米）称为台风，飓风的名称使用在北大西洋及东太平洋。
二者没有本质区别，只是不同地域称呼不同。
台风（飓风）在全世界的活动强度分布图台风是热带气旋的一个类别。
在气象学上，按世界气象组织定义：热带气旋中心持续风速在12级至13级（即每秒32.7米至41.4米）称为台风（typhoon）或飓风（hurricane），飓风的名称使用在北大西洋及东太平洋；而北太平洋西部（赤道以北，国际日期线以西，东经100度以东）使用的近义字是台风。
台风通常在热带地区离赤道平均3-5个纬度外的海面(如南北太平洋，北大西洋，印度洋)上形成，其移动主要受大尺度天气系统等影响，最终在海上消散、或者变性为温带气旋、或在登陆陆地后消散。
登陆陆地的热带气旋会带来严重的财产和人员伤亡，是自然灾害的一种。
不过热带气旋亦是大气循环其中一个组成部分，能够将热能及地球自转的角动量由赤道地区带往较高纬度。
当热带气旋登陆或北移到较高纬度的海域时，因失去了其赖以生存的高温高湿条件，会很快消亡。
大量的热带气旋生成于赤道辐合带中，赤道辐合带的北侧是强大的副热带高压。
热带气旋的移动主要受副热带高压南侧的偏东气流引导，向偏西方向移动，这类热带气旋常会在我国东南沿海至越南沿海登陆。
有时副热带高压位置偏东，当热带气旋移动到副热带高压西缘时，受那里的偏南或西南气流引导，热带气旋会转向偏北或东北方向移动，登陆我国鲁辽沿海或朝鲜、日本，甚至在日本以东洋面上北上。
02为什么台风本质上是热机？从海水汲取巨大能量！台风也是一个热机，自下而上如此巨大的规模，都需要消耗能量，而这一能量是由水汽凝结释放的潜热来提供。
据科学家研究，台风释放的能量功率相当于全世界发电量的200倍。
台风的结构一般来说，一个台风的发生，需要具备以下几个基本条件：1、首先要有足够广阔的热带洋面，水温高于26.5摄氏度而且在到60米深的一层海水都要满足这一条件。
灾难当中英雄事件英语作文
灾难当中英雄事件英语作文English:One heroic event that stands out in times of disaster is the story of the "Cajun Navy" during Hurricane Katrina in 2005. As the hurricane hit Louisiana, thousands of residents were left stranded and in needof rescue. The "Cajun Navy" was a group of volunteer boaters, mostly from Louisiana, who took it upon themselves to navigate the flooded streets and rescue as many people as they could. Using their own boats, these brave individuals saved over 10,000 lives during the chaos and devastation of the hurricane. Their selfless actions and willingness to put themselves in harm's way to help others epitomized the true spirit of heroism in the face of adversity.中文翻译:在灾难时期，一个突出的英雄事件是2005年卡特里娜飓风期间“卡真联队”的故事。
当飓风袭击路易斯安那州时，成千上万的居民被困并需要营救。
这个“卡真联队”是一群志愿者船长，大多来自路易斯安那州，他们自愿前去驾驶被洪水淹没的街道，并尽力营救尽可能多的人。
卡特里娜飓风英语作文
卡特里娜飓风英语作文In the late summer of 2005, Hurricane Katrina formed over the Bahamas and crossed southern Florida as a moderate Category 1 hurricane, causing some deaths and flooding there before growing to catastrophic strength over the Gulf of Mexico. Approaching the Gulf Coast, Katrina reached Category 5 status on the morning of August 28 and became one of the strongest Atlantic hurricanes on record.Landfall occurred on August 29, 2005, as a Category 3 hurricane near Buras-Triumph, Louisiana, with sustained winds of 125 mph. As Katrina made its way up the eastern United States, its ferocity diminished, but the scale of devastation became apparent, particularly in the city of New Orleans. Levees and flood walls failed throughout the city, over 80% of which was submerged. The failure of the levees prompted a lawsuit against the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the builders of the levee system as mandated by the Flood Control Act of 1965. Responsibility for the failures and flooding was attributed to the USACE by several investigations in the aftermath of the storm.The impact of Hurricane Katrina was monumental, leading to an estimated 1,833 deaths and packing the economic punch of $108 billion in damages, making it the costliest hurricane in U.S. history. The storm surge from Katrina was 20-ft (6-m) high. Over fifty breaches in surge protection structures surrounding the city of New Orleans led to the flooding of 80% of the city and many areas remained submerged for weeks.The aftermath of Katrina was characterized by extensive reporting of looting, violence, shooting against rescuers, and a delay in relief supplies. Federal, state, and local government response was criticized, leading to investigations by the United States Congress, and resignations from FEMA head Michael D. Brown and New Orleans Police Department Superintendent Eddie Compass.Several agencies provided relief and support, with the United States Coast Guard, National Guard, and the Red Cross being among the first to provide aid for victims.Volunteers from across the country also converged on New Orleans to help in the aftermath.The long-term recovery from Katrina has been a complex affair with many residents displaced for months or years, the destruction of homes and businesses, and the complete overhaul of the city's infrastructure. The disaster prompted a comprehensive examination of national disaster preparedness and a review of emergency management systems.The memory of Katrina is a stark reminder of the power of nature and the vulnerability of human settlements in the face of such power. It also serves as a testament to the resilience of communities and the human spirit in the face of overwhelming odds. The lessons learned from Katrina have led to improved disaster preparedness and response strategies, ensuring that the response to future disasters is swift and effective.Hurricane Katrina will be remembered not only for the destruction it caused but also for the spotlight it shone on the socioeconomic and racial disparities in the United States. The storm exposed the deep-rooted issues of poverty and inequality, prompting discussions and actions towards a more equitable society.In the years following Katrina, New Orleans has rebuilt much of what was lost and has become a symbol of resilience and renewal. The city's culture remains as vibrant as ever, and its people continue to show the strength that carried them through the storm's darkest days. The legacy of Katrina is one of tragedy, hope, and the ongoing journey towards recovery and justice. 。
高级英语Ⅰ第三版复习资料
Lesson1 topic1.Hurricane Katrina2.My experience of an earthquake(or a flood, or a typhoon, or a bad accident, etc)Lesson3 topicDescribe and comment on one of the three characters in the text.Write an essay titled Reflections on “Blackmail” with300 words in English.You can approach the essay from the following perspectives.•The characterization of the three characters.•The preparation for the climax of the story.•The morality or immorality of the Duchess.Lesson41.William Jennings Bryan and the fundamentalist movement in the 1920s2.the effects of the Scopes ”Monkey Trial”Lesson61.Mark Twain’s life2.My favorite book by Mark Twain3.The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn(or Tom Sawyer)Lesson71.Alice Walker and her workpare the two sisters Dee and Maggiement on the character of Mrs.Johnson•Vocabulary Test•Lesson 1 book 11.The crew had been mustered to______the hatches.a. batten down 板条钉住b. sit outc. come byd. trail away•The crew had been mustered to batten down the hatches.•所有船员被集合起来进行封舱以防暴风雨袭击.2. If clouds______along, they move quickly and smoothly through the sky.Scramble爬 b. clutch抓住 c. scud疾行 d. perish死亡•If clouds scud along, they move quickly and smoothly through the sky.•(云彩)掠过3. He received a_______of her hand on his cheek.a. swathb. lash 抽打c. slashd. pitch•He received a lash of her hand on his cheek.•他突然被她打了一记耳光.4. The thief was pushed and________ by an angry crowd.a.raged 动怒b. lapped包围c. cowered畏缩d. pummeled击打The thief was pushed and pummeled by an angry crowd.一群人推搡并痛打小偷。
新闻阅读题及答案
Article one：Read a related article “Climate change action: too little, too late” and finish the exercises within 20 minutes.•Climate change action: Too little, too late?By Simon HooperSpecial for CNN1. LONDON, England (CNN) -- "I want to scare you about climate change," says Fred Pearce, veteran environmental journalist and author. "We are probably the last generation to be able to rely on a stable climate."2. Addressing a sympathetic audience at the Cheltenham Science Festival (1), Pearce is preaching to the converted about the reality and risks of climate change.3. But it is his fear -- as the title of his new book, "The Last Generation: How Nature Will Take Her Revenge for Climate Change" (it is called "With Speed and Violence" in the U.S.), suggests -- that we still haven't fully realized the apocalyptic forces we have awoken and the reality of what is at stake if global warming continues untrammeled.4. This is not just about warmer weather, environmental degradation and a looming refugee crisis, according to Pearce, but "about our survival as a species, as homo sapiens."5. This year's series of reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2) have been broadly welcomed for a sober and sensible tone, which, while acknowledging the dangers of global warming, also suggested that our destiny was still in our own hands.6. Our carbon emissions would have to be slashed with strict targets set and met by 2050 to avert catastrophe but this was essentially a man-made problem withman-made solutions.7. But Pearce says the IPCC reports are "not the whole story." Carefully restricted within narrow parameters framed by measurable quantifiable change and imprecise computer modeling, what they don't factor in are the "long shots" which could throw all our existing certainties into disarray.8. "The truth is, the more we observe about the climate system, the more frightening the scenarios that scientists are starting to develop," Pearce says.9. "Past climate change has been more violent and extreme than we have been led to believe."10. In the history of the planet, Pearce argues, the past 10,000 years since the end of the last ice age (3), in which humanity has established itself as the earth's dominant species, have been unusually benign in climatological terms. But that tranquility "looks like the exception rather than the rule."11. Now he warns, human activity in the space of less than 200 years threatens tore-awaken extreme climate change of the sort never experienced in the era of recorded history. Already, average sea level rise has doubled in a decade due to the destabilization of the Arctic and Greenland ice shelves.12. "We could soon be measuring sea level rises in meters, not centimeters," says Pearce. "Old ideas about climate change are just not how the world works. When climate does change it does so suddenly and violently."13. He highlights one such episode 11,000 years ago when temperatures in some parts of the Arctic warmed several degrees Celsius in the space of a decade: "Nature flicked the switch 10,000 years ago. We could be flipping the switch again."14. As Pearce says, the "last generation" of his book title refers to the final years in which we will be able to depend on a stable and predictable climate.15. The challenge for future generations, he predicts, will come in dealing with the sudden destabilization of the planetary ecosystem and the social chaos likely to ensure.16. "When that certainty fails, how will society respond? One hurricane (Katrina) (4) brought the world's greatest nation to its knees. We believe we can control climate change but I wonder whether that is actually the case."17. That, however, does not alleviate the need for urgent action, says Pearce, insisting he retains a sense of "apocalyptic optimism" harbored by the sense that politicians, in the IPCC reports, U.S. acknowledgment of the scale of the problem and the beginnings of moves towards a post-Kyoto consensus, are finally treating climate change seriously.18. "The technology to do things so much better is there. The economics is not hard, they're not going to break the bank. The problem is political, making it happen. I hope we are reaching a political tipping point."19. He also sees hope in the fact that corporations have spotted lucrative potential in adapting to ever more-stringent environmental regulations more effectively than their rivals.20. The next step, Pearce believes, is to add an ethical dimension to the struggle by highlighting the fact that those initially affected will be almost entirely located in the developing world where infrastructure and resources are already at their mostover-stretched.21. "If the economics is what gets the politicians going, it's the ethics that gets the people going," he says.Notes1. The Cheltenham science Festival: it takes place every year in the beautiful town of Cheltenham in Gloucestershire, UK. Since the first Festival in 2002, Cheltenham has earned an exciting reputation as one of the best science festivals in the UK.2. The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC):政府间气候变化专门委员会Was established to provide the decision-makers and other interested in climate change with an objective source of information about climate change.3. the last ice age:There have been several ice ages in the history of the earth. What is commonly called the ice age is actually the most recent which began about two million years ago, and was characterized by cold and relatively warm phases. The last began about 70,000 years ago, and ended 10,000 years ago.4. Hurricane Katrina: on august 28th, 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit the southern coast of the US with devastating effected. It was reported more than 1,800 people lost their lives, and more than ￥81 billion dollars in damages occurred.Exercise one:Directions: decide whether the following statements are true of false according the text.1. According to the Pearce, global warming just implies warmer weather, environmental degradation and a looming refugee crisis. ( )2. This year’s series of reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggested that we human beings couldn’t control our fate any more. ( )3. Pearce sa ys the IPCC reports haven’t taken all the possible factors into consideration. ( )4. Pearce argues that the extreme climate changed will take place in less than 200 years. ( )5. Pearce mentions that the climate change occurs naturally and slowly and finally could throw all or existing certainties into chaos. ( )6. Pearce says the “last generation” of his book title refers to the final years in which we couldn’t predict the climates. ( )7. Hurricane Katrina has forced the United States to admit defeat in dealing with climate changes. ( )8. Pearce harbors hopes in the politicians to take serious measures in dealing with climate change. ( )9. Pearce implies the developing countries could be the first to feel the effect of climate change. ( )Exercise two: Translate the two paragraphs at the end of the article.10. He also sees hope in the fact that corporations have spotted lucrative potential in adapting to ever more-stringent environmental regulations more effectively than their rivals.11. The next step, Pearce believes, is to add an ethical dimension to the struggle by highlighting the fact that those initially affected will be almost entirely located in the developing world where infrastructure and resources are already at their mostover-stretched.Article Two：Blacks, Whites and LoveBy NICHOLAS D. KRISTOFPublished: April 24, 2005One gauge of the progress we've made in American race relations in recent decades is the growing number of blacks and whites who have integrated their hearts and ended up marrying each other. As of the 2000 census, 6 percent of married black men had a white wife, and 3 percent of married black women had a white husband - and the share is much higher among young couples. Huge majorities of both blacks and whites say they approve of interracial marriages, and the number of interracial marriages is doubling each decade. One survey found that 40 percent of Americans had dated someone of a different race.But it's hard to argue that America is becoming more colorblind when we're still missing one benchmark: When will Hollywood dare release a major movie in which Denzel Washington and Reese Witherspoon fall passionately in love?For all the gains in race relations, romance on the big screen between a black man and a white woman remains largely a taboo. Americans themselves may be falling in love with each other without regard to color, but the movie industry is still too craven to imitate life.Or perhaps the studios are too busy pushing the limits on sex, nudity and violence to portray something really kinky, like colorblind love.Back in 1967, "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner" helped chip away at taboos by showing a black man and white woman scandalizing their parents with their - chaste - love. In 2005 we have a new version of "Guess Who," but it only underscores how little progress we've made.The latest "Guess Who" is about a white man in love with a black woman, and that's a comfortable old archetype from days when slave owners inflicted themselves on slave women. Hollywood has portrayed romances between white men and (usually light-complexioned) black women, probably calculating that any good ol' boy seeing Billy Bob Thornton embracing Halle Berry in "Monster's Ball" is filled not with disgust but with envy.Off screen, the change has been dizzying. At least 41 states at one time had laws banning interracial marriage. A 1958 poll found that 96 percent of whites disapproved of marriages between blacks and whites.That same year, in North Carolina, two black boys, a 7-year-old named Fuzzy Simpson and a 9-year-old named Hanover Thompson, were arrested after a white girl kissed Hanover. The two boys were convicted of attempted rape. As Randall Kennedy notes in his book "Interracial Intimacies," Fuzzy was sentenced to 12 years, and Hanover to 14 years. Pressure from President Dwight Eisenhower eventually secured the boys' release.Then the mood began to change, and 1967 was the turning point. That was the year that the daughter of Dean Rusk, then secretary of state, married a black man. Secretary Rusk proudly walked his daughter down the aisle (after warning President Lyndon Johnson of the political risks), and Time magazine put the couple on its cover. That was also the year of "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner" and of a Supreme Court ruling striking down miscegenation laws.Yet right from the beginning, the entertainment industry has lagged society in its racial mores. Films and television have always been squeamish about race: in 1957, on Alan Freed's ABC show,the black singer Frankie Lymon was seen dancing with a white woman. ABC promptly canceled the show.There have been just a few mainstream movies with black men romancing white women, lower-profile films like "One Night Stand." More typically, you get a film like "Hitch," where the studio pairs a black man with a Latina.Popular entertainment shapes our culture as well as reflects it, and one breakthrough might come late next year with the possible release of "Emma's War." That's a movie that 20th Century Fox is considering, in which a white woman - Nicole Kidman is being discussed - marries an African. It's great that Hollywood is close to catching up to Shakespeare's "Othello."Let's hope that Hollywood will finally dare to be as iconoclastic as its audiences. It's been half a century since Brown v. Board of Education led to the integration of American schools, but the breakdown of the barriers of love will be a far more consequential and transformative kind of integration - not least because it's spontaneous and hormonal rather than imposed and legal.1. Why doesn’t the movie industry in the US depict romance between a black man and a white woman?[A]Because the movie industry does not dare to do so.[B]Because the law of many states does not allow it to do so.[C]Because the audience does not like to see such romance on the screen.[D]Because the movie industry is not interested in it.2. What is the purpose of the author by comparing “Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner” with the 2005 version?[A]To show that the movie industry in still engaged in presenting the interracial marriage.[B]To introduce the new movie[C]To show that we made little progress during the decades.[D]To form a contrast between what the movie industry is doing with real life.3. Why did ABC cancel the show?[A]Because it lagged behind society.[B]Because it did not like current racial mores.[C]Because it didn’t want to show a black singer dancing with a white woman.[D]Because it was not the mainstream of television.4. What is the significance of “Emma’s War”?[A]It shows one breakthrough that Hollywood is going to make in depicting interracial love.[B]It should be a big hit since Nicole Kidman is going to be the leading lady in the movie.[C]It is going to catch up with the greatest drama of Shakespeare.[D]It shapes our culture as well as reflects it.5. What can we infer from the passage?[A]The author is quite optimistic about the future of integration.[B]The author is quite pessimistic about the future of integration.[C]It is hoped that the breakdown of the barriers of love should be ensured by law.[D]Hollywood is more conservative in interracial love than its audience.Directions: Determine the meaning of the bold-faced words in each sentence.1. One gauge of the progress we've made in American race relations in recent decades is the growing number of blacks and whites who have integrated their hearts and ended up marrying each other.[A]part[B]example[C]cause[D]measurement2. Americans themselves may be falling in love with each other without regard to color, but the movie industry is still too craven to imitate life.[A]cowardly[B]lazy[C]busy[D]brave3. Back in 1967, "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner" helped chip away at taboos by showing a black man and white woman scandalizing their parents with their - chaste - love. In 2005 we have a new version of "Guess Who," but it only underscores how little progress we've made.[A]develop[B]get rid of[C]establish[D]defend4. Back in 1967, "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner" helped chip away at taboos by showing a black man and white woman scandalizing their parents with their - chaste - love. In 2005 we have a new version of "Guess Who," but it only underscores how little progress we've made.[A]please[B]sadden[C]shock[D]challenge5. Back in 1967, "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner" helped chip away at taboos by showing a black man and white woman scandalizing their parents with their - chaste - love. In 2005 we have a new version of "Guess Who," but it only underscores how little progress we've made.[A]emphasize[B]show[C]exhibit[D]baseline6. The latest "Guess Who" is about a white man in love with a black woman, and that's a comfortable old archetype from days when slave owners inflicted themselves on slave women.[A]enjoy[B]dare[C]beat[D]harass7. That was also the year of "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner" and of a Supreme Court ruling striking down miscegenation laws.[A]marriage[B]illegal marriage[C]legal marriage[D]interracial marriage8. Yet right from the beginning, the entertainment industry has lagged society in its racial mores.[A]moral values[B]standards[C]ideas[D]views9. Films and television have always been squeamish about race: in 1957, on Alan Freed's ABC show, the black singer Frankie Lymon was seen dancing with a white woman.[A]unpleasant[B]daring[C]sensitive[D]careless10. Let's hope that Hollywood will finally dare to be as iconoclastic as its audiences.[A]numb[B]idealistic[C]optimistic[D]sharp答案：Article one：1. F para. 4: This is not just about warmer weather, environmental degradation and a looming refugee crisis, ...but "about our survival as a species, as homo sapiens.“2. F para. 5: This year's series of reports by (IPCC) have been broadly welcomed for a sober冷静的and sensible明智的tone, which, while acknowledging the dangers of global warming, also suggested that our destiny was still in our own hands.3. T Para. 7. :Pearce says the IPCC reports are "not the whole story." ... they don't factor in are the "long shots" which could throw all our existing certainties into disarray. Long shot: a bet made at great odds. 冒极大风险的赌注4. T Para. 11: Now he warns, human activity in the space of less than 200 years threatens to reawaken extreme climate change of the sort never experienced in the era of recorded history.5. F Para. 12: When climate does change it does so suddenly and violently.6. F Para.14: the "last generation" of his book title refers to the final years in which we will be able to depend on a stable and predictable climate.7. T Para. 16: One hurricane (Katrina) (4) brought the world's greatest nation to its knees. We believe we can control climate change but I wonder whether that is actually the case."8. T Para.17:he retains a sense of “apocalyptic optimism” harbored持有by the sense that politicians, ...are finally treating climate change seriously.9. T Para. 20. : highlighting强调了the fact that those initially首先地affected will be almost entirely located in the developing world where infrastructure基础建设andresources are already at their most over-stretched.•translation10 .他也从这样一个现象中看到了希望，即有些企业在比对手企业更有效地适应前所未有的严厉环境措施的过程中发现了盈利的可能性。
Hurricane(Cyclone)
Thunderstorms are common in the 雷暴雨 常见 warm, moist air of the tropics. 温暖的 潮湿的空气 热带
3. A tropical storm grows 热带风暴 成长 bigger and its wind speeds 更大 速度 increase. Eventually, it becomes 提高 最后 成为 a hurricane. 暴风 4. When a hurricane moves over 暴风 land, or over cooler sea, it gets 陆地 更冷的海 less energy. It slowly gets weaker, 减少 力量 缓慢的 较弱的 and its winds die down. 渐渐消失 Eventually it dies away. 最后 消失
Katrina’s 卡特里娜 life cycle: 生命周期
Part 4
How hurricanes begin 暴风 开始
All hurricanes begin over 暴风 开始 warm seas near the Equator. 温暖的 海 靠近 赤道 Here, the weather is always 气候 总是 hot. 热
This photograph was taken by a satellite in space. It shows 照片 卫星 太空 the swirling clouds of a hurricane, seen from above. 打旋的 暴风 从高处向下看
有关极端天气的英语作文
有关极端天气的英语作文Extreme weather events have become more frequent and intense in recent years, posing significant challenges to society and the environment. From devastating hurricanes and typhoons to prolonged droughts and heatwaves, extreme weather events have had a profound impact on communities around the world.One of the most visible and destructive extreme weather events is hurricanes. These massive storms, with their high winds and heavy rainfall, can cause widespread destruction and loss of life. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina devastated the city of New Orleans, causing massive flooding and leaving thousands of people homeless. More recently, Hurricane Maria wreaked havoc in Puerto Rico, causing widespread power outages and infrastructure damage.Typhoons, which are essentially the same as hurricanes but occur in the western Pacific, have also had a devastating impact on communities in Asia. In 2013, Typhoon Haiyan, one of the strongest storms ever recorded, struck the Philippines, causing widespread destruction and leaving thousands dead or missing.In addition to tropical storms, extreme weather events such as droughts and heatwaves have also become more frequent and severe. In recent years, parts of the world have experienced prolonged droughts, leading to water shortages and crop failures. In 2018, Cape Town, South Africa, faced a severe water crisis as a result of a prolonged drought, leading to strict water rationing and unprecedented challenges for the city's residents.Heatwaves, which are characterized by prolonged periods of excessively hot weather, have also become more frequent and intense. In 2019, Europe experienced a record-breaking heatwave, with temperatures soaring to over 40 degrees Celsius in some areas. This extreme heat not only poses health risks to vulnerable populations, but also has significant implications for agriculture and food security.The impacts of extreme weather events are not limited to physical destruction and loss of life. These events can also have long-term economic and social consequences. The costs of rebuilding and recovery following a major disaster can be staggering, and can place a significant burden on local and national economies. In addition, the displacementof communities and the loss of livelihoods can have lasting social and psychological effects on affected populations.In the face of these challenges, it is crucial for governments and communities to take proactive measures to build resilience and adapt to the impacts of extremeweather events. This includes investing in infrastructure that can withstand extreme weather, implementing early warning systems, and developing comprehensive disaster preparedness and response plans. In addition, addressingthe underlying causes of climate change, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, is essential for mitigating the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events in the future.极端天气事件在近年来变得更加频繁和严重，给社会和环境带来了重大挑战。
卡特里娜飓风英语作文
卡特里娜飓风英语作文英文回答：Hurricane Katrina was a powerful and devastating Category 5 hurricane that made landfall in the Gulf Coast of the United States in August 2005. The storm caused catastrophic damage and led to widespread flooding in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. The death toll from the hurricane was over 1,800 people, and the economic damage totaled over $160 billion.The response to Hurricane Katrina was widely criticized as being slow and inadequate. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) was overwhelmed by the scope of the disaster, and it took days for federal assistance to reach the affected areas. The lack of coordination between federal, state, and local governments exacerbated the problems, and many people were left without food, water, or shelter for days after the hurricane.The response to Hurricane Katrina highlighted the need for better disaster preparedness and response plans. In the years since the storm, FEMA has been reformed and new emergency management systems have been put in place. However, there is still much that can be done to improvethe nation's ability to respond to future disasters.中文回答：卡特里娜飓风是2005年8月登陆美国墨西哥湾沿岸的强劲且毁灭性的第五类飓风。
卡特里娜飓风英语作文
卡特里娜飓风英语作文英文回答：Hurricane Katrina, a powerful Category 5 hurricane, made landfall on the Gulf Coast of the United States on August 29, 2005. The storm devastated coastal areas from Louisiana to Mississippi, causing widespread damage and flooding.Impact:Hurricane Katrina's impact was catastrophic. The storm surge, reaching heights of up to 28 feet, flooded entire neighborhoods and caused widespread destruction. The winds, gusting up to 175 mph, ripped off roofs and toppled buildings. The storm also triggered tornadoes, which caused further damage.Casualties and Damages:Hurricane Katrina was one of the deadliest andcostliest hurricanes in U.S. history. It resulted in over 1,800 fatalities and caused an estimated $160 billion in damages.Response:The federal government's response to Hurricane Katrina was widely criticized as slow and inadequate. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) faced significant challenges in providing aid to survivors, leading to delays and widespread suffering.Legacy:Hurricane Katrina had a profound impact on the Gulf Coast region and the nation as a whole. The storm exposed the vulnerability of coastal communities to extreme weather events and highlighted the need for improved disaster preparedness and response.中文回答：卡特里娜飓风。
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Costliest U.S. Atlantic hurricanes Cost refers to total estimated property damage Rank Hurricane Season Damages 1 Katrin 2005 $108 billion 2 Ike 2008 $29.5 billion 3 Andrew 1992 $26.5 billion 4 Wilma 2005 $20.6 billion 5 Irene 2011 $19 billion 6 Ivan 2004 $18.8 billion 7 Charley 2004 $15.1 billion 8 Rita 2005 $12 billion 9 Frances 2004 $9.51 billion 10 Allison 2001 $9 billion
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Formed----August 23, 2005 Dissipated ---August 30, 2005 Highest wind---175 mph (280 km/h) 1-minute sustained Lowest pressure---902 mbar (hPa); 26.64 inHg Fatalities---1,833 confirmed Damage---$108 billion (2005 USD) (Costliest hurricane in US history) Areas affected---Bahamas, South Florida, Cuba, Louisiana (especially Greater New Orleans), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida Panhandle, most of eastern North America • Part of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season
U.S. Route 90's Bay St. Louis Bridge on Pass Christian was destroyed as a result of Katrina.
The Chandeleur Islands, before Katrina (left) and after (right), showing the impact of the storm along coastal areas.
Hurricane Katrina formed over the Bahamas on August 23, 2005 and crossed southern Florida as a moderate Category 1 hurricane, causing some deaths and flooding there before strengthening rapidly in the Gulf of Mexico. The hurricane strengthened to a Category 5 hurricane over the warm Gulf water, but weakened before making its second landfall as a Category 3 hurricane on the morning of Monday, August 29 in southeast Louisiana.
It caused severe destruction along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it due to the storm surge. The most significant number of deaths occurred in New Orleans, Louisiana, which flooded as the levee system catastrophically failed, in many cases hours after the storm had moved inlSpecial Response Team searches a hotel room-byroom in New Orleans in response to Hurricane Katrina.
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Hurricane Katrina making landfall in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Damage to a mobile home in Davie, Florida following Hurricane Katrina
Flooding in Venice, Louisiana
Eventually 80% of the city and large tracts of neighboring parishes became flooded, and the floodwaters lingered for weeks.[5] However, the worst property damage occurred in coastal areas, such as all Mississippi beachfront towns, which were flooded over 90% in hours, as boats and casino barges rammed buildings, pushing cars and houses inland, with waters reaching 6– 12 miles (10–19 km) from the beach.