it在中学英语里的用法
“it”的用法在高考中的运用

“it”的用法在高考中的运用作者:梁玉朋来源:《中学生英语·外语教学与研究》2017年第12期“it”作为一个小词在高考中频频出现。
因此,掌握该词的用法,摸清该词的考点至关重要。
本文从近年来全国各省高考英语试题中it考查点出发,总结了it的常考考点,旨在帮助学生掌握it的用法及其考点,进而提高英语知识运用能力。
1. it用作人称代词,代替前文提到的事物人称代词it主要指某样东西、某抽象事物,或者指不知性别的孩子、不明确身份信息的人。
此外,it还可以指时间、距离、天气等。
(张道真,2017)例如:Who’s that at the door? It is the milkman. (2014年大纲卷,此处it代替上一句中的“在门口的那个人”。
)An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making it the driest year since California became a state in 1850. (2014年浙江卷,此处it代替前文提到的last year。
)2. it作引导词,用作形式主语,代替不定式、动词-ing短语或从句表示的真正主语英语中有些句子头重脚轻,为了使得句子通顺协调,可以把it置于句首,用作形式主语,把真正的主语后移。
例如:The doctor thought it would be good for you to have a holiday. (2010年全国卷Ⅱ,此处it为形式主语,不定式to have a holiday作真正的主语。
)3. it作引导词,用作形式宾语,代替不定式、或从句表示的真正宾语这种用法多用于“某些动词+ it + adj./adv. +to do/that-clause”结构中,这些常见的动词有find/make/feel/consider/appreciate/bring等。
中学英语知识点:动词第三人称单数的用法

中学英语知识点:动词第三人称单数的用法在中学英语语法中,动词第三人称单数的变化规则和用法是必须掌握的一个知识点,福建教师招考网为各位考生整理了相关知识,并且附上例句,方便大家更好地学习和理解。
一、定义在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,即主语为“它/他/她”时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,一般规律是在动词原形后加s或者es。
二、变化规则(一)一般情况:大多数动词都是直接在原形后+s,例:come-comes keep-keeps (二)以s、x、ch、sh和o结尾时,在动词原形后+es,例:pass-passes fix-fixes teach-teaches go-goes(三)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i+es,例:try-tries study-studies (四)以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接在动词后+s,例:play-plays(五)特殊情况:动词have,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,变have为has;be动词的第三人称单数形式是is。
三、用法简单概括就是,在一般现在时的时态中,当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
具体用法有以下几种情况:(一)遇到人称代词it、he、she时:例:It looks nice. 它看起来很漂亮。
He often has breakfast at seven. 他经常在早上七点吃早餐。
She likes dancing. 她喜欢跳舞。
(二)单个人名、地名或称呼作主语时:例:Li Lei looks like his father. 李雷看起来像他爸爸。
Fu jian is in China. 福建在中国。
Uncle Zhan often makes cakes. 詹叔叔经常做蛋糕。
(三)单数可数名词或“this/that/the+单数可数名词”作主语时:例:An apple is on the desk. 有一个苹果在桌上。
感悟中学英语语法it的系列用法

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英语中的It句型 教案

中学英语中的It句型在中学英语中,It is /was...that从句的种类较多,与其相关的句型也不少,而且这些句型容易混淆,同时也是历届高考中的重点内容。
现将已学过的这类句型及相关句型归纳如下,并配上高考试题,供同学们学习参考。
1.It is /was +过去分词+that从句。
这一句型中常用的过去分词有said,reported, known,thought,believed,suggested等等。
通常译为“据说(报道……)”。
同样,it是形式主语,that从句是真正的主语。
如:It is reported that a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.据报道,上个月这个城市的许多人都失业了。
It is known that Taiwan is part of China.众所周知,台湾是中国的一部分。
考例1:It is generally believed that teaching is ____it is a science.(NMET 2001)A.as art much as B.much an art as C.as an art much as D.as much an art as考例2:It is well known that Thomas Edison ____the electric lamp.(MET 1989)A.invented B.discovered C.found D.developed考例3:It's believed that ____you work,______result you'll get.(上海1993年高考题)A.the harder;the better B.the more hard;the more betterC.the hard;a better D.more hard;more better2.It+动词(look,seem ,appear,happen...)+that从句。
“It”的用法

“It”的用法-英语论文“It”的用法甘肃高台县第一中学高翔一、作人称代词(一)用于代替上文提到过的事物或整个句子所表述的事实。
This little dog is very lovely. It belongs to my neighbour.那只小狗很可爱,是我邻居的。
(二)用于指代人1.指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人,常在打电话或敲门时用。
—Who’s knocking at the door?谁在敲门?2.指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时,也可用it来指人。
(三)用于代替指示代词this和that练习1 完成句子1.你不能吃蛋糕,那是我的。
You can’t eat the cake and itacute;s_mine.2.汤姆考试没及格。
你听说了吗?Tom has failed in the exam. Have_you_heard_of_it?二、作非人称代词it有时并不指具体的东西,而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等,称为非人称代词it。
It’s over 200 miles from London to Manchester.从伦敦到曼彻斯特有200多英里。
练习2 写出下列句中it指代的内容1.It was 12 oacute;clock when they came out of the hall.时间2.It’s damp and cold. I think itacute;s going to rain.天气三、作形式主语当动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们置于句末作真正的主语,而使用it作形式主语。
(一)代替动词不定式常用句型为:1.It be+adj.+of sb. to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语由of引起,句中的形容词必须是表示逻辑主语特征的形容词(即句中的形容词是修饰逻辑主语的)。
常见的形容词有bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good (好心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice, polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong等。
It is...that结构归纳总结

“It is…that…”结构归纳总结现行高级中学英语教材中,我们常会遇到“It is…that …”这一结构。
如何理解这一句子结构,正确翻译句子,提高阅读能力是至关重要的。
现就以下几种情况作一浅析:一、“It is/was+形容词+that…”结构在该结构中,it是引导词,作形式主语,从属连词that引导的是主语从句,在句中作真正的主语。
例如:1. It was right that the temple was rescued. 拯救这座寺庙是做得对的。
2. It was obvious that the matter had never been paid attention to.显然这件事一直没有被注意。
3. It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪,她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。
在用法上,该结构与“It is+形容词+不定式复合结构”(即“It is+adj. +of sb.to do sth.”“It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.”或“It is+adj.+for sth.to be done”)是一样的。
有时主语从句也可与不定式复合结构互换使用。
例如:4. It's quite likely that a decision will be made before the end of the year.(It is quite likely fora decision to be made before the end of the year.)年底以前作出决定是完全可能的。
二、“It is+名词+that…”结构5. It is no wonder that she is so ill.她病得这样厉害是不足为怪的。
6. It is a pity that you live at such a distance. 很遗憾,你住得那么远。
中学英语语法讲义:it用法

中学英语语法讲义:it用法一、概说it 看似简单,但用法却并不简单。
它不仅可以指人也可以指物,不仅可以指时间和距离也可指自然现象和自然环境,不仅可用作形式主语也可用作形式宾语,等。
现将其主要用法分述如下。
二、用作人称代词1. 用于指事物it用作人称代词最基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物,以避免重复:This is my watch, it’s a Swiss one. 这是我的手表,它是瑞士制的。
I cannot find my watch; I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。
2. 用于指动物或婴儿除用于指代事物外,还可指动物或性别不详的婴儿:“Where is the cat?”“It’s under the bed.”“猫在哪儿?”“在床下。
”They got a baby and it was very lovely. 他们生了个孩子,很可爱。
3. 用于上文提到的情况He smokes in bed and I don’t like it. 他在床上抽烟,我不喜欢他这样。
Her mother kept telling her not to go out at night, but it didn’t help. 她母亲老叫她晚上不要出去,但是没用。
4. 用于指人it用于指人主要用确定未知人的身份:“Who is it?”“It’s me.”“是谁啊?”“是我。
”“Listen. Someone is crying.”“Oh, it must be Mary.”“听,有人在哭。
”“噢,一定是玛丽。
”Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过,但我们不知道是谁。
5. 指人时与he和she的区别当it用于指人时,主要用于确定未知的或者是身份不明的人,若是指已知的或身份明确的人,则应根据情况使用he或she。
由一道高考题谈英语强调句型用法论文

由一道高考题谈英语强调句型的用法纵观近年来全国卷及各省市高考英语试题,我们不难发现代词it 的用法是高考命题热点之一。
“it”强调句型是中学英语中的一个常见句型之一。
在历届nmet中,该句型也是常考的语法项目之一,几乎年年考查,复现率达100%。
兹结合一道高考试题中有关该句型的考题,对该句型的复习要点和高考考点进行归纳。
首先请看2008年高考英语试题(全国卷ⅱ)第20题:it was in new zealand____ elizabeth first met mr. smith.a. thatb.howc.whichd.when答案选择a,此题考查了英语强调句型的用法。
强调句型是高考中常见的一个考点,在课本和英语阅读材料中出现的频率也非常高。
现结合高考考题和课本,把英语强调句型的用法归纳如下:(一)强调句型的特点强调句式的基本句型为:“it is/was十被强调的部分+that/who/whom十句子其他成分”。
如强调的对象是人时,可用who、whom或that,其余情况一律用that;当被强调对象在句中做主语时用who或that,当被强调对象在句中做宾语时用whom或that。
被强调的对象主要是句子的主语、宾语和状语,状语主要包括时间状语、地点状语、原因状语和方式状语等。
(二)强调句式的一般疑问句型is/was+it+被强调的部分+that/who/whom+句子其他成分?was it mary that/who/whom you met in the park yesterday?你昨天在公园里遇到的是玛丽吗?(三)强调句式的特殊发问句型疑问词+ is/was+it+that/who/whom+句子其他成分?此结构作为宾语从句时要还原成陈述语序。
who was it that/who/whom you met in the park yesterday?你昨天在公园遇到的是谁?(四)强调句型与其他句型的辨析强调句型如果还原成陈述句的话,即如果去掉“it is/was…that -”时句子应该是完整的;如果不完整,那则是别的从句而不是强调句型。
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it在中学英语里的用法一、作人称代词,可用来代替人、物或事。
—Who is knocking at the door?—It's me 谁在敲门?是我。
(表示不知道是谁的时候,用it ,还有表示刚出生的婴儿也可以用it)The ant is not gathering this food for itself alone. It has two stomachs in its body.蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
它的身体里有两个胃。
二、作非人称代词,表示时间、天气、季节、距离、环境等。
It is tea time. Mrs Tuner goes into the kitchen.到了喝茶的时间了,特纳夫人走进了厨房。
It was winter. it was ten degree below zero.现在是冬天,气温是零下10度。
It is only half an hour walk to the tall tower. 只有半小时的路程就可以到达高塔了。
It will be lovely in the park today.今天公园里一定很好玩。
三、作先行词。
1.作形式主语。
英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在作主语时主语往往显得很长,使整个句子看上去有点头重脚轻,这样就借助“it”来作形式上的主语,而把真正的主语移到句子后边去,使全句看上去平稳一些。
“it”没有实际的意义。
It is fun for her to study, but it is difficult to study and work at the same time.对于她来说学习是有趣的,可是要边工作边学习对她来说是困难的。
It is necessary for them to get an electrician to do the work for them.对他们来说请一位电工来为他们做这项工作是必要的。
It will be no good learning without practice. 学习而不实践是不好的。
It is no use talking to him about it.和他谈这事没用。
It is possible that they're finished the bridge.他们完成这座桥是可能的。
It is important that we should learn from each other and help each other.我们应当互相学习,互相帮助,这是很重要的。
2.作形式宾语。
这种情况通常只用于能带以名词或形容词作宾语补语的动词后面。
四、构成强调句型。
为了强调句子的某一成分,把引导词“it”用在句首,这种强调句的结构是“It is (was )+所强调的成分(主语、宾语、状语)+that…”,表达的意思为“是…,正是…,就是…”。
“it ”在这种句型中本身没什么实际意义。
强调句型使用十要素It is/was +… who/that…十要素分别举例说明:1. 如强调句型指现在或未来的情况用It is指过去用It was。
e.g. It is I who/ that am wrong.分析:被强调部分为人强调词可用who也可用that. 指现在的情况所以以 It is开头,被强调部分是 I谓语用“am”原句: I am wrong.e.g. It was him who\that I saw the day before yesterday.原句为 I saw him the day before yesterday.分析:指过去的情况用It was 开头,被强调部分为人所以强调词仍是who\that.2. 被强调部分往往为句子的主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等,但有时也可以强调比较复杂的内容。
如时间状语从句、地点状语从句、not until… 结构、not only…but also…和as well as…等结构。
e.g. It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty. (appreciate means understand and enjoy the good qualities or value of something欣赏、鉴赏、领会)分析:强调部分为复杂的时间状语从句强调词不能使用when只可用thate.g.It is not only he but also his parents who\that have been to Beijing.3. 被强调部分为人称代词时,原句用什么格强调句也用什么格。
如上述例句。
4. 关于强调词的选用,强调人时可用who 或that,如果不强调人一律用that。
此时绝不能与定语从句混淆,被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语、或原因状语时不可误用when, where 或why。
e.g. It was in the street that I met him yesterday.尽管被强调部分是地点状语,强调词不能使用where只可用that.e.g. It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.分析:指过去的情况用It was 开头,尽管被强调部分是时间状语,强调词不能使用when只可用that.e.g. It was because he was ill that died at once被强调部分为复杂的原因状语从句强调词不能使用why只可用that。
5. 被强调部分如果为主格人称代词,who\that后的动词和主格人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(如例一所示)6. 强调句型的一般疑问句结构 Is\Was it… who\ that…?e.g. Was it during the Second World War that he died?分析:以Was it 开头被强调部分是时间状语,强调词用that。
7. 强调句型的特殊疑问句结构特殊疑问词+is\was it… who\ that…?强调句型的特殊疑问句是就特殊疑问词强调Where was it that you found your lost pen?原句:Where did you found your lost pen?8.强调句型It is \was…who/ that中is\was前面可用much\may\might等表推测的情态动词修饰。
e.g. It might be in his room that he met her.注意:如改成特殊疑问句由于may,must表推测的情态动词只用于肯定句,所以否定句,疑问句might 应改成could.e.g. Where could it be that he met her?9. 强调部分为时间状语和地点状语时有可能先接定语从句再接强调句型e.g. It was on October 1st,1949 when he joined the Party that he was killed.e.g. It was in the room where he had studied for three years that he hound his lost pen.10. 判断强调句型的使用是否正确的方法是将强调部分去掉如去掉强调句型结构后句子仍正确,强调句型就正确。
(三)Ⅰ.单项填空1.Carol said the work would be done by October, _____ personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which2.-Why don't we take a little break? -Didn't we just have____?A. itB. oneC. thatD. this3.I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full.A. itB. thatC. theseD. them4.______is well-known to all that Hong Kong has returned to China.A. WhichB. ItC. ThatD. As5.-______has just come in? -It's Mr. Green, our headmaster.A. Who is thatB. Who that isC. Who's it thatD. Who it is6._____that they may be invited.A. They wishedB. It is hopedC. That is expectedD. What they hope7.The manager didn't feel like _____ whether he would attend the meeting the next morning.A. making it clearB. make that clearC. to make it clearD. making this clearing8._____I was free that evening.A. It happened toB. It happened thatC. That happenedD. It was happened that9.He said, "_____a long way to school. _____ a long way to go before we arrive."A. It is; It isB. There is; It isC. It is; There isD. There is; There is10.Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but ______ didn't help.A. heB. whichC. sheD. it11.They say that _____doesn't make any difference my being there.A. thereB. thatC. itD. he12.I hope there are enough chairs for each guest to have_____.A. itB. oneC. thoseD. them13.We saw the hill, and _____used to be a factory.A. in front of which, thereB. in front of it, itC. at the foot of it, thereD. at the foot of which, it14.Your idea is very good. Don't _____.A. give up itB. give it upC. give in itD. hasn't it15.When they will start hasn't been decided yet,______?A. will theyB. won't theyC. has itD. hasn't it(四)1. Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?A. thatB. whileC. in whichD. then (88)2. Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?A. thisB. thatC. itD. he (89)3. I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A. thisB. thatC. itsD. it (91)4. Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?A. thisB. thatC. heD. it (91)5. It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when, thatB. until, thatC. until, thatD. when, then (92)6. I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it (93)7. It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A. whileB. whichC. thatD. since (94)8. ______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It (95)9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A. untilB. thatC. thenD. so (97)10. I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full.A. itB. thatC. theseD. them (98)11. It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it (2000)12. I’d appreciate _____ if you would turn the radio down.A. thatB. itC. thisD. you。