职称英语翻译题
职称英语考试中的常见篇章及翻译
Sta ge FrightFall down as you come onstage. That’s an oddtrick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he wasa teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich trippedhim purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,2 Mr. Feltsmansaid, “ All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”Today, music schools are addressing the problem ofanxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and careerpreparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn tofight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart,blank mind.3Teachers and psychologists offer wide-rangingadvice, from basics like learning pieces inside out,4 to mentaldiscipline, such as visualizi ng a performance and taking steps to relax. Don’tdeny that you’re jittery，they urge; some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamicplaying. And play in public often, simply for the experience.Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests somestrategies f or the moments before performance, “Take two deep abdominalbreaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,’’ she says. “And not one of these‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in theaudience, people you would communicate with andm ake music to, and make eyecontact with them.” She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as ajudge.Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often atthe root of stage fright，says Dorothy Delay, awell-known violin teacher. She tells otherteachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve. When Lynn Harrell was 20，he became the principal cellist ofthe Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There weretimes when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chestresponding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where Ithought,‘ If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’m going to lookfor another job.”5 Recovery, he said, involved developinghumility-recognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible，and that an imperfect concert wasnot a disaster.6It is not only young artists who suffer, ofcourse. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The greattenor Franco Corelli is another example. “They had to push him on stage,”Soprano Renata Scotto recalled.Actually，success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career,when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have anyexpectations,” Soprano June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, whenyou’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations.You have a lot to lose.”Anderson added，“I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”如何避免怯场上台就跌倒。
职称英语试题及答案解析
职称英语试题及答案解析一、阅读理解1. 阅读下面短文，然后回答1-5题。
In the past, many people believed that intelligence was something we were born with and could not change. However, recent research has shown that our intelligence is not fixed and can be developed. This is known as the growth mindset. People with a growth mindset believe that their most basic abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work.The growth mindset is not just about academic achievement. It can be applied to any area of life where you want to improve. For example, if you want to become a better athlete, musician, or artist, you can develop your skills with consistent practice and effort. The key is to embrace challenges and learn from criticism.People with a fixed mindset, on the other hand, believe that their abilities are set in stone. They often avoid challenges because they are afraid of failure. They may also give up easily when they encounterobstacles, as they believe that their lack of ability is the reason for their struggles.Which of the following is true about the growth mindset according to the passage?A. It is limited to academic achievements.B. It can be applied to any area of life.C. It is about avoiding challenges.D. It is about giving up easily.答案：B解析：根据短文中的描述，"The growth mindset is not just about academic achievement. It can be applied to any area of life where you want to improve." 这句话明确指出，成长心态不仅仅局限于学术成就，它可以被应用到任何你想要提高的生活领域。
初级职称英语试题及答案
初级职称英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is the correct way to address a letter in English?A. Dear Mr. SmithB. Dear Mr SmithC. Dear SmithD. Dear Mr. Smith,答案：A2. The phrase "at the end of the day" typically means:A. At the conclusion of the workday.B. At the end of the calendar day.C. At the end of the year.D. At the end of one's life.答案：A3. What is the past tense of "make"?A. madeB. makedC. makedD. making答案：A4. In English, which of these words is not a verb?A. runB. jumpC. swimD. fast答案：D5. Which of the following is the correct way to write the date in English?A. 01/05/2024B. 1st May, 2024C. May 1, 2024D. May 01, 2024答案：C6. The word "peruse" means:A. To read quickly.B. To read carefully.C. To glance over.D. To ignore.答案：B7. The phrase "break a leg" is commonly used to:A. Wish someone bad luck.B. Wish someone good luck.C. Encourage someone to break their leg.D. Ask someone to sit down.答案：B8. Which of the following is the correct way to use the word "however" in a sentence?A. However, the weather was fine.B. But, the weather was fine.C. The weather was fine, however.D. The weather was fine, but.答案：A9. The verb "to be" in the present tense is:A. amB. areC. isD. All of the above答案：D10. "I'm sorry, I didn't catch that." means:A. I'm sorry, I didn't understand.B. I'm sorry, I didn't hear you.C. I'm sorry, I didn't see you.D. I'm sorry, I didn't catch the ball.答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The opposite of "agree" is ________.答案：disagree2. The word "annual" means ________.答案：yearly3. The past participle of "write" is ________.答案：written4. The phrase "on the dot" means ________.答案：exactly at the specified time5. The word "congratulate" is a ________.答案：verb6. The word "bicycle" is a ________.答案：noun7. The word "although" is used to show ________.答案：contrast8. The phrase "in the blink of an eye" means ________.答案：very quickly9. The word "disregard" means ________.答案：ignore10. The phrase "a piece of cake" is used to describe something that is ________.答案：easy三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。
职称英语综合类阅读理解第3篇Shark Attack!逐句翻译
Shark Attack!小心鲨鱼！Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard, 克雷格?罗杰斯正坐在他的冲浪板上,scanning the distance for his next wave，估算着下一波浪离他还有多远，when his board suddenly stopped moving. 就在这时冲浪板不动了。
He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. 他低头向水下看，惊悚的一幕出现了：一条大白鲨正在撕咬冲浪板的前端。
“I could have touched its eye with my elbow,”says Craig.“我的肘部可能都已经碰到了它的眼睛”，克雷格谈道。
The shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadn't heard a thing.原来，这条鲨鱼悄悄地浮上了水面，完全没让克雷格听到。
In his horror and confusion，he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark's teeth. 克雷格惊慌害怕，手足无措，但是偶然之间他被鲨鱼咬掉了两支手指，He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard into the water.然后随着滑板翻了个个儿，他也掉进水里。
Then, with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers，the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below.就在那时，处于水中的克雷格两支手指鲜血直流，但这条五米长的鲨鱼却径直游开，消失在深海之中。
职称英语综合类阅读判断第三篇AcrosstheDeserts英汉对照逐句翻译
Across the Deserts穿越沙漠The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
It stretches across Africa from Senegal to Egypt. 它从塞内加尔到埃及横跨非洲。
The Sahara Desert is an unfriendly environment. 撒哈拉沙漠的环境不好。
During the day it's very hot, and at night it’s sometimes very cold. 白天非常热，晚上有时又很冷。
It is also difficult to find water in the Sahara.在撒哈拉沙漠中很难找到水。
In 2006, Kevin Lin, Ray Zahab, and Charlie Engle decided to do something very difficult. 2006年，KevinLin,RayZahab和Charlie决定做些困难的事情。
They made the decision to run across the Sahara Desert 4,300 miles (6,920km).他们决定跑步穿越4300英里（6920千米）的撒哈拉沙漠。
It seemed impossible to do, but they wanted to try. 这似乎是不可能完成的，但是他们还想尝试一下。
The three men liked to test themselves, and this would be a very big test.他们三人喜欢挑战自己，而这将是一个很大的挑战.On the morning of November 2, Kevin, Ray, and Charlie started their trip across the Sahara. 11月2日的早晨，Kevin,Ray和Charlie开始了他们跑步穿越撒哈拉的旅程。
职称英语翻译
---C:Both climatology method 气候学方法 and the persistence method.
5、It will be impossible to make weather forecast using the analog method（什么时候）没法使用模拟法来预测天气时
---B: the research results need to be r
研究成果应该对更大的抽样研究之后重新得出
1、What do the authors of the new analysis presented to the University of Uppsala intend to say ?
---B:A switch to buring coal would produce disastrous environmental problems.
改用燃烧煤会带来灾难性的环境问题
求平 10:36:52
1、What are the energy resources that are not renewable according to the article ?
4、According to Weis in the 5th paragraph ,the theory of evolution
---A: is fundamental to the development of moden genetics ,molecular biology and genomics.
整体上来说，教授达尔文进化论的很少，哪个不是原因
---D：Darwin’s theory is denied as the central theory of biology.达尔文进化论不被承认是生物学的核心理论
睡眠与健康(职称英语试题翻译精品)
More than 8 hours sleep too much of a good thingAlthough the dangers of too little sleep are widely known，new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep，as well as a number of other sleep problems，than people who sleep 8 hours a night.People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they ha d more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers.These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night’s rest may not nee d to set aside more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea'’for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.For the current report，Kripke reviewed the responses of 1，004 adults to sleep questionnaires，in which participants indicated how much they slept during the Week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night，arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep，and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.KriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed.As evidence，he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It st ands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.1虽然过量睡眠缺失的危害已被人们所广泛接受，但最新的研究表明：过度睡眠也会对人们的身体健康产生不良后果。
职称考试试题翻译
一（词汇部分）前面的为需要选定的单词，后面的为原文单词1、工业革命，标志着从农业社会向工业时代的新纪元（纪元、时代period=epoch）2、由一小撮加拿大艺术家在世纪大变革中为成立的第七组织，被广泛称为促使加拿大由弱小崛起的主要阵地（崛起stimulating=arousing）。
3、广袤的美国北部沙漠，一片无情的土地，现在正在向西部大陆肆虐。
（irregularly=erratacally漫无目的的，不规律的）4、卡罗林洛北部的矿产资源相当丰富，但是一直没有得到有利开发（profitably=lucratively有利可图的）5、那个公园是个溜达的好地方。
或者、那个公园是闲逛一族的好去处。
（walkers-strollers游荡，散步的人）6、南极洲的沃德尔海豹可以下潜到水下1600公尺深度的地方，并且能在水下潜伏七十多分钟（underwater=submerged水底下，淹没在水中的）。
7、奥迅威尔斯，在他25岁的时候就凭借自己导演的电影《公民凯恩》震惊了电影界（amazed=stunned使震惊、使惊讶）8、美国总统肯尼迪去世后，副总统雷登约翰逊很快接任总统之职，并在之后的1964年总统大选之中成功上任。
（subsequently=later随后，之后）9、阻碍植物生长发育的主要因素就是疾病和铁锈。
（hinders=stunts阻止，阻碍）10、反对政府的呼声只有在双方达到某种一致时才会平息。
（die down=subside 平息）11、“竞争”这个名词就是由专家将一些参与竞争的人员安排在一起决斗的形式。
（puttogether=arranged 放在一起、安排）12、坐落于华盛顿特区的自由国会，可以为人们提供所有种类的书籍。
（collection=array陈列，提供）13、德州歌剧院是休斯顿大剧院的分支机构，为年轻的歌者锻炼演出经验，增大他们走上更大的舞台的机会。
（branch=subsidiary附属机构，分支机构）14、醋酸盐是生产人造纤维的主要成分。
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一、过去有关于太空时代的某些幻想已经成为现实。
Some of the old fantasies about the space age have come true.二、演说家常常传递着含混不清的信息，但听众总是相信亲眼所见胜于耳闻。
Messages sent by public speakers are often tricky, but audiences always believe what they see over what they hear.三、我们正在设法想出解决这些紧迫问题的方法。
We are trying to figure out these urgent problems.四、他是一个有经验的商人；他做国际贸易已经好几年了。
He is an experienced businessman who has engaged in foreign trade for quite a few years.五、许多美国大学生申请政府贷款交付学费。
Many American students apply for the loans from the government to pay their tuition fees.六、那些缺乏真正内涵的人总是依赖外在因素——如外表或地位，以使自己感觉良好。
Those who lack real core values always rely on external factors--their looks or status--in order to make themselves feel good.七、发言人明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消这次旅行。
The spokesman made it clear that the President would not cancel the trip under any circumstances.八、我们不赞成他认为自己应得到特殊待遇的态度。
We do not like his attitude that he should be given special treatment.九、他们最终实现了要以自己的生命为祖国的自由而努力的诺言。
They eventually fulfilled their pledge of working for the freedom of the country at the expense of their lives.十、教师首先要考虑的事情之一是唤起学生的兴趣，激发他们的创造性。
One of the first things that teachers should take into consideration is to arouse students' interest and stimulate their creativity.十一、如果你作此让步，你不久就会为此付出代价。
If you make any concession, you'll soon pay for it.（一）But in 1991, under pressure from environments around the world, Brazil reversed course. It ended tax favors that had encouraged clearing of the Amazon rain forest, and agreed to a plan to finance new forest protection projects.Cattle farmers, miners, and settlers have protested the move and continue to destroy the forests, although at a slower pace than before .The conflict enlarged last year when miners killed a group of Amazon Indians in order to seize their land .The government promises it will protect the region’s native people ,but questions remain as to its true level of commitment但是在1991年，迫于世界范围内环境保护的压力，巴西改变了路线，结束了曾经鼓励砍伐亚马逊雨林的税收政策，并同意了一项新的关于资助森林保护项目的方案。
农场工人，矿工和移民们反对这项举措，并且继续毁坏森林，尽管砍伐进度慢了下来。
去年，一些矿工为了霸占土地杀害了一群亚马逊土著人，冲突因此而扩大。
政府承诺会保护当地居民，但是人们质疑这个承诺在具体实施中的兑现程度。
（二）People who get to know the limit, I think, must have experienced what it is to overdo a thing. thelimit can be found after one has gone to extremes. if you haven’t had such experience, if you have never made mistakes, never cherished ideas of rebellion, you will never find it. if you behave too well, neither overdo anything nor make any mistakes, you will naturally fall to find what’s most suitable to you.The offspring of American-Chinese follow the same course of life almost without exception. when they go to middle school they resent the Chinese way of education their parents have given them and look down upon their peers with the same Chinese background. during this period their parents are most nervous, quite at a loss, and then examine themselves of their failure in educating their children我想那些明白什么叫作限度的人们应该曾经有过分地去做一件事情的经历。
当一个人走了极端之后才能发现“度”在哪里。
如果你还没有过这样的经历，如果你从来没犯过错，如果你从不喜欢叛逆，那么你将永远不会明白“度”的意义。
如果你太过于循规蹈矩，做任何事从来都不过分或者也不犯任何错误，那么你自然无法找到什么才是最适合你的。
美籍华裔的后代们几乎不能幸免地遵循着相同的生活轨迹。
当他们进入中学后，他们憎恨父母们对他们使用的中式教育方法，并且瞧不起拥有同样中国背景的同龄人。
在这个阶段，他们的父母是最头痛的，非常地迷茫，而后会反思自己在教育子女上的失败之处。
（三）Where is the best graffiti found ? Who creates it , and why? Reisner reports that the best graffiti is often seen in large urban areas , particularly at universities and in the restrooms of coffeehouses and smart bars . Graffiti seems to be written predominantly by men; lately, however, women have become increasingly productive . The liveliest writing is often by students, hippies, and young business people . Graffiti is produced for a variety of reasons : to express an opinion , to voice an insult ,to share a joke , to assert one’s own individuality , to protest social and political conditions .哪儿能找到最好的涂鸦？谁画的？为什么画？Reisner报道称，最好的涂鸦经常会出现在大城市地区，尤其是在大学里，或者在咖啡厅和小酒吧的洗手间里。
似乎涂鸦最初主要是由男性创作的，但近来女性涂鸦人员的作品也越来越多。
最为生动的涂鸦常常出自学生，嬉皮士，或者年轻的生意人之手。
涂鸦作品的出现有很多原因：可以是表达观念，可以是爆粗口，可以是分享笑话，也可以是宣扬个性，亦或是抗议社会和政治现状。
（四）It is clear from this and much other evidence that many children are still leaving school too early to benefit from the prizes------money, social respectability, and interesting jobs , which higher education gives. It is clear too that the reasons why such children leave have much to do with their social circumstances. Their parents often need the extra money another wage-owner can bring in; they do not value education for itself because their own was probably dull and unhappy . It is not so much that they force their sons and daughters to leave school, rather that they tend to say, “It’s up to you”.由此和其他相当多的证据可见，许多孩子仍然正在过早地离开校园，从而无法享受到高等教育所带来的利益，如金钱、社会地位和有趣的工作等。