人教版高中英语选修8 Unit4 Pygmalion-Grammar
现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别 1. 逻辑关系: 现在分词作状语与过去分词作 状语的最主要区别在于：两者与所修饰的 主句的主语的逻辑关系的区别。 1) 现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动 作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。 He went out, shutting the door behind him. 他出去后将门随手关上。 Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help. 由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
过去分词作状语
Look at the sentence below and you may find the past participle is used as the adverbial. Once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess. Let’s go on to study the past participle used as the adverbial.
配套练习 1. ___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose
动词-ing或过去分词作状语, 其逻辑 主语应是主句主语。
2. If ___ the same treatment again, he’s
4. _______ Given (give) more time, I’ll finish my work on time. 5. Compared with _________ developed (develop) countries, we still have a long way to go. 6. The English teacher entered the room, _________ followed (follow) by his students.
Having been discussed several times, the decision was finally made. 进行了几次讨论后，终于做出了决定。
I. 用所给词的适当形Leabharlann 填空，并与A-D的 汉语翻译相匹配。
impress; pour; speak C 1. Once spoken ______, a word becomes a promise. A 2. Once poured ______, water cannot be taken
back again. Impressed by the beautiful scenery, I B 3. __________ forgot to go back home in time.
A.覆水难收 B.流连忘返 C.一言既出, 驷马难追
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. ______ Seen (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us. 2. ______ Given (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player. 3. ________ Looking (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.
7. The teach buildings _____ built (build) in 1960 need repairing. 8. I found my school bag ____ left (leave) in Mary’s room.
III. 将下列句子翻译成英语。 1. 由于被妈妈所说的话所感动，我忍 不住哭了起来。
2. 过去分词作状语来源于状语从句，在 句中一般能作五种状语，即时间、原因、 条件、让步和方式状语。如： Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。 (Caught in a heavy rain相当于原因状语 从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain)
析：正确答案为 A 项。博物馆是被完 工的, 所以该空应填过去分词 completed 作状语。
9. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
Moved by what my mother said, I couldn’t help crying. 2. 如果给我们一个机会，我们将给大 家一个非常好的表演。 Given a chance, we could give a good performance.
3. 当问到他出生在哪里时，约翰说他 是纽约人。 When asked where he was born, John said he was a New Yorker.
7. Unless ___ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited C. being invited B. inviting D. having invited
8. When _____, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed
高考链接
(A) 1. _______ more attention, the tree could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given. (D) 2. The computer center, ________ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened
析：正确答案为 D 项。分析语境逻辑可 知，该空含义为“(这研究)一旦被开始”， 因此应填过去分词 begun作状语。
10. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 析: 正确答案为 A 项。语境告诉我们 “树是被给予关心的”, 因此该空应填 过去分词 given作状语。
When heated, ice can be changed into
water.（时间）
冰加热时变成水。
注意： ①当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时， 才可以把从句的主语省略，且省略掉的 主语与其逻辑谓语是被动关系或如第一 段中所讲的表示状态。 ②把状语从句改为过去分词作状语时有 时还可保留连词，构成“连词+过去分词” 结构作状语，即“while (when, once, until, if, though等连词)+过去分词”结构。 如：
2. 时间概念 过去分词所表示的动作发 生在谓语动作之前，或表示“一种状 态”，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。 现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作 与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在 进行；现在分词的完成式(having done) 表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“主 动”动作；
现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done)常和表示次数的短语及时间 段(for+一段时间)连用，表示发生在谓 语动作之前的一个“被动动作”，这 种情况下不能用过去分词替换，其它 情况下通常被过去分词所替换，使句 式更简洁。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长 得很快。 (Grown in rich soil相当于条件状语从句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil)
表示伴随情况或方式: The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. 训练员出现了，后面跟着六条小狗。 He walked up and down the room, lost in thought. 他在屋子时走来走去，陷入了沉思。
4. _____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared
5. ___ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given 6. ___ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
2） 过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表 示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的 被动关系。 Given more encouragement, the boy could have behaved better. 如果多给这个孩子一些鼓励，他本来会 表现得更好。 Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 在遇到困难时，我们必须设法克服。
高二英语 人教版选修8 Unit 4 Pygmalion 重点短语句型和语法
Book 8 Unit 4 学习笔记（原创笔记，请同学们在笔记本上抄好笔记，开学检查）必背句型1：1. A man is hiding from the rain l istening to people’s language and watching their reactions. (listeningto…和watching…并列的现在分词作伴随状语。
现在分词在句中作状语时，往往表示一个与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生的主动行为)类似句型：While watching, he makes notes.他一边观察一边记录。
仿写：He ran out of the house in a hurry, leaving the door unlocked. 他匆忙间跑出房子，没锁门。
2.Now once taught by me, she’d become an upper class lady ...(once taught为省略句，when /while/ until/as/as if/if/once/even if/although/though等从属连词引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句的主语为无意义的it，并且从句谓语动词含有be动词，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
)类似句型：But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party.一旦有人教她说话得体，三个月后，她就可以冒充公爵夫人出席大使举办的花园聚会了。
仿写：Unless invited,I won’t go to her birthday party.除非邀请我，否则我不会去她的生日晚会。
3.But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. (every time引导时间状语从句，类似的名词性引导词有each/(the) next time/the first time/the last time/the moment/ the instant/ the second/the minute…)仿写：Every time you say to yourself you will play with the cellphone just for 10 minutes, you will be certain to find you want to repeat it one more time. 每次你对自己说你只玩十分钟的手机时，你一定会发现你会还想再玩一次。
人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit4Grammar(44张)
12. You can make yourself ___ in English pretty well if you keep on speaking the language. A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood
were bought yesterday ) are of high quality.
昨天买的书确实很不错。
② 表语 过去词作表语, 表示主语的状态,
且该状态通常是由外界因素引起的。 这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词, 是形容词化的过去分词。 如: I’m interested in reading novels
⑵ 现在分词与过去分词的区别: ① 定语中
现在分词作定语常表示“动作正在 进行”,此时或当时的状态等;过去分词 则常表示“动作发生在谓语动词的动作 前”等;被修饰的名词一般是现在分词 的逻辑主语,是过去分词的逻辑宾语。
如: I know the man standing there. 我认识站在那儿的那个人。 Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗？
States.
A. Being founded B. It was founded
C. Founded
D. Founding
析: 正确答案为 C 项。哈佛大学是1636 年被建的, 所以该空应填过去分词 Founded 作状语。
written by Jin Yong. 我对金庸写的小说很感兴趣。
③ 宾语补足语 作宾语补足语的过去分词一般是及物
动词,和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。可以 带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有:
人教版高中英语选修八Unit4Pygmalionpart6Grammar课件
二、动词填空 1. Even if ____in_v_i_t_ed_____(invite), I won’t participate in the party.
2. _H__a_v_in_g__b_e_e_n_s_h_o_w__n_(show) the lab, we were taken to see the library.
4. if 引导条件状语从句，句意为“如果说 不好英语，就得不到那个职位”。 5. after 表示“在……之后”，用介词 after。 6. with 用be impatient with sb表示“对某 人缺乏耐心”。 7. more 构成attractive的比较级，因为经 过几个月的训练，说话比以前就更有吸 引力了。
8. became 用一般过去时，上下文时态一 致。 9. that 引导结果状语从句，也是 so…that…这一固定句式。 10. pronunciation 作介词because of的宾 语，用名词情势。
1.If he is given more time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
Given more time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. 2. If the city is seen from the top of the hill, it looks more amazing. Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more amazing.
三、翻译句子用过去分词翻译下列句子。
4. 虽然被打败了，他依然没有沮丧。 Though beaten, he wasn’t depressed..
人教版选修八：Unit4+Pygmalion+全单元+
Unit 4 Pygmalion I 单元教学目标II 目标语言Ⅲ教材分析与教材重组：1. 教材分析本单元以皮格马利翁为话题，通过学习，使学生了解具有共同主题的希腊神话Pygmalion与萧伯纳戏剧之间在表现形式、人物塑造等方面的相同与不同之处；并能在此基础上，讨论和表演部分戏剧场景；能为该剧本写出一份评论；能模仿剧本编写一个戏剧场景，即Higgins教授如何给Eliza上第二课的场景。
语法部分重点学习过去分词作状语的用法。
Warming Up 是三幅描述希腊神话故事Pygmalion 主要情节的图画。
要求学生根据图片提示，联系已有知识，再现这个美丽的神话故事，并能就此话题展开讨论。
Pre-reading中所列三个问题，意在让学生提炼萧伯纳戏剧与希腊神话故事所反映的共同主题，并初步酝酿可能出现的故事情节。
Reading 讲述了发生在伦敦剧院外的一幕。
主要人物有Eliza, Higgins, Pickering。
Elize原是伦敦市的一名卖花女，在一次偶然的情况下遇见了以能听懂别人口音而自傲的Professor Higgins. Professor Higgins 与Colonel Pickering 打赌，说他能将口音其糟无比，讲话粗鲁的Eliza改造成能讲标准英文的淑女。
Eliza就住在Professor Higgins 的家中，受了一阵子的语言训练。
最后两个人认为已经训练有成，便带Eliza到一个盛大的宫廷舞会。
在场的人都不知道Eliza的出身。
女王还对Eliza大加赞赏。
Professor Higgins 自傲于自己的成功，完全忽略了Eliza 的感受。
Eliza盛怒之下，离开了Higgins。
她走之后 Higgins才发现不能没有她。
最后Eliza回到了Professor Higgins身边。
两人言归于好。
剧中Higgins教授希望把一个街头卖花的姑娘转变成一个有修养的能跻身上流社会的人。
新人教版高中英语选修8Unit4 Pygmalion教案
Unit 4 PygmalionTeaching aims:TopicTalking about the story PygmalionUseful words and expressions:Adaptation, plot, hesitate, uncomfortable, outcome, disguise, mistaken, brilliant, classify, betray, dismiss, dismissively, condemn, acquaintance, handful, fortune, upper, status, superior, pronunciation, antique, musical, mile, pence, professor, troublesome, pronounce, compromise, horrible, bathtub, sob, disgusting, overlook, alphabet, fade, classic, effective. Expressions: in disguise, pass…off as, make one’s acquaintance, in amazement, in terms of, generally speaking, show… in, the other day, take away, once more, in need of, fade out.3. Functional items:conjecture (推测)I wonder whether…Is it possible that…Do you know if…?Do you really think that’s true?Why do you think so?I think it’s because…What do you think of this idea?Why do you think Higgins felt like that?Mrs Pearce would comfort her by…4. GrammarRevise the Past Participle.The Titanic is a sunk ship in the ocean.The book intended as a surprise to him was lost in the mail.He seems moved to tears by the film.If bitten by a snake, you should call for help.We left them caught in the storm.Given more time, we could do it better.Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl did not dare sleep in her room. Disturbed by the noise, we had to finish the meeting early.Seen from the hill, the park looks more beautiful.She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.Teaching proceduresPeriod 1 ReadingStep 1. Warming upA. talk about Bernard Shaw and His play Pygmalion:Ask the students to discuss the questions:What do you know about Bernard Shaw, the author of Pygmalion?Do you know any of his works? Can you name some of them?B. Guide the Students to Finish the warming-up exercises on p28.Step 2. ReadingTask 1: Ss scan the play and answer the following questions:1. How many characters are there in the play?2. What’s the weather like when the play begins?3. Do you think Eliza a well-educated woman? Why?4. Why did professor Higgins want to make notes of what Eliza said?5. What’s the meaning of “the age of the newly rich”?Suggested answers:There are 3 characters in the play. They are Eliza, Professor Higgins, and Colonel Pickering.When the play begins, it is pouring with rain.No. She is poor-educated. We can know it from what she said and what she did. He wanted to make a speech, because it’s his profession.It means people begin their working life in a poor neighbourhood of London with 80 pounds a year and end in a rich one with 100 thousand.Task 2: Ask 3 students to read the play. One will be Eliza, one Professor Higgins, and one Colonel Pickering.Task 3: Listen to the play and finish Ex 1-5 on page 31-32.Period 2. Language learningStep 1. RevisionSs retell the act.Step 2. Language pointsAsk if the students have some difficulties in understanding the play. If so, make some explanation:I can place any spoken conversation within six miles, and even within two streets in London sometimes.我可以根据任何谈话来判断他们是哪个地方的人,差距不过六英里,有时侯在伦敦甚至不超过两个街区。
人教版高中英语选修8《Unit 4 Pygmalion》教案
人教版高中英语选修8《Unit 4 Pygm alion》教案Teaching plan of unit 4 Pygmalion人教版高中英语选修8《Unit 4 Pygmalion》教案前言：英语作为在许多国际组织或者会议上都是必需语言，几乎所有学校选择英语作为其主要或唯一的外语必修课。
英语教学涉及多种专业理论知识，包括语言学、第二语言习得、词汇学、句法学、文体学、语料库理论、认知心理学等内容。
本教案根据英语课程标准的要求和教学对象的特点，将教学诸要素有序安排，确定合适的教学方案的设想和计划、并以启迪发展学生智力为根本目的。
便于学习和使用，本文档下载后内容可按需编辑修改及打印。
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.adapt / adopt2.ignore / neglect / overlook3.luck / fortune / destiny / fate词形变化 fort n. 舒适;安慰 vt.使舒适;安慰，慰问comfortable adj.舒服的uncomfortable adj.不舒服的，不自在的 comfortably adv.舒适地uncomfortably adv.不舒服地;难受地2.classify vt. 把……分类，把……分级 classification n.分类，分级;类别，级别3.betray vt. 出卖;背叛 betrayal n.[u]出卖，辜负，暴露 betrayer n. 出卖者4.superior adj.上级的，较高的n.上级，长官 superiorityn.优越（性），优等5.trouble n. 麻烦，困难vt.麻烦 vi.费力 troublesome adj. 令人烦恼的，麻烦的6.pronounce vt.发音;宣布 pronunciation n.发音重点单词 1.adaptation n.[c] 改编2.hesitate vi. 犹豫，踌躇，不愿3.mistaken adj. 犯错的，错误的4.condemn vt. 判刑，谴责，宣告……不适用5.acquaintance n.[u]相识;熟悉 n.[c]熟人6.fortune n.[u]命运;运气;机会 [c]财产，财富重点词组 1.pass sb. off as... 把某人改变或冒充成……2.a handful of 一把;一小撮，少数，少量3.in amazement 惊讶地4.in terms of... 以……的观点;就……而说5.show... in 带或领……进来重点句型 1.Generally speaking, people are more polite to those whom they think are of higher social class.2.Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.重点语法分词作状语（见语法部分）语言要点（模块）Ⅰ.词语辨析（旨在提供完形填空所需材料）1.adapt / adopt【解释】adapt v. 使…适应，改编This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original. 这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。
2017--2018学年人教版选修八Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar学案
Unit 4 Pygmalion Grammar学案Grammar: 过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。
其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”或在逻辑上构成“系表结构”。
过去分词短语在句中担任条件状语，原因状语以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；担任伴随状语或结果状语时，通常放在句末；担任方式状语时，一般位于句末，有时也可位于句首；担任让步状语时，一般位于句首，有时也可位于句末。
一、过去分词担任状语时的语法功能1. 原因状语☞Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet．因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
☞Frightened by the noise in the night，the girl didn’t dare sleep in her room．被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。
2. 时间状语☞Asked why he did it，the monitor said it was his duty．当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
☞Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless．在黑暗走近时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语和假设状语☞Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast．如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
☞Given better attention，the accident could have been avoided．要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。
4. 方式或伴随状语☞Surrounded by his students，the professor sat there cheerfully．那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
新人教版选修八 Unit 4 Pygmalion-Grammar[课件]
②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了，停止了 争吵。 Moved by the story ______________________________________, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. ③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去 分词前可用if等词。 再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。 Given another chance, he will do better. ____________________________
√
高考链接：
1. _______ more attention, the tree could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given. 2. The computer center, ________ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened
Object Complement
4
the Adverbial
-ed 分词作状语
-ed分词短语做状语可表示时间、地点、原因、 条件、让步、伴随等意义。这种-ed分词状语 相当于一个时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等 状语从句，若-ed分词作状语，句子的主语与 分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系，即是该分词 动作的承受者（被动关系）。 -ed分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上 连词when,if,once,though,unless等，以便明 确作何种状语。
高中英语人教版选修8教案Unit 4 Pygmalion 单元教案
Unit 4 PygmalionⅠ. 单元教学目标技能目标Skill Goals▲Listen to and talk about the story Pygmalion▲Read and act out a play about recognizing a person’s position in society ▲Use the past participle as the adverbial▲Write a review of the playⅡ. 目标语言功能句式推测（conjecture）I wonder whether...Is it possible that...?Do you know if...?Do you really think that’s true?Why do you think so?I think it’s because...What do you think of this idea?Why do you think Higgins felt like that?Mrs Pearce would comfort / encourage her by ..词汇1．四会词汇adaptation, classify, caption, plot, professor, whistle, garment, woolen, hesitate, uncomfortable, troublesome, wallet, outcome, thief, handkerchief, mistake, brilliant, remark, betray, upper, extraordinary, condemn, properly, ambassador, acquaintance, handful, fortune, authentic, status, superior, rob, antique, musical, stocking, cookie, teapot, cream, nail, wax, disk, shabby, referee, compromise, horrible, laundry, bathtub, sob, waist, vest, disgusting, overlook, alphabet, fade2．认读词汇phonetics, colonel, fateful, duchess, gutter, vowel, curtsy ( also curtsey ), shilling, heartily, distinct3．词组pass... off as, make one’s acquaintance, in amazement, in terms of, generally speaking, show... in, the other day, take away, once more, in need of, fade out结构The past participle as the adverbial重点句子1. An expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a person’s English decides his / her position in society. P282. There you are and you were born in Lisson Grove if I’m not mistaken. P293. But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party. P304. This is the age of the newly rich. People begin their working life in apoor neighbourhood of London with 80 pounds a year and end in a richone with 100 thousand. P295. The English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of herdays. P306. Perhaps I could even find her a place as a lady’s maid or a shopassistant, which requires better English. P307. What other things show one’s status in society apart from how onespeaks? P318. I’m not asking any favours — and he treats me like dirt. P349. I’d never have come if I’d known about this disgusti ng thing youwant to do to me, I... P3410. What’s to become of me? P74Ⅲ. 教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以皮格马利翁为话题，通过学习，使学生了解具有共同主题的希腊神话Pygmalion与萧伯纳戏剧之间在表现形式、人物塑造等方面的相同与不同之处；并能在此基础上，讨论和表演部分戏剧场景；能为该剧本写出一份评论；能模仿剧本编写一个戏剧场景，即Higgins教授如何给Eliza上第二课的场景。
人教高中英语选修八：Unit4PygmalionSectionⅢGrammar%26Writing
新语法·精讲突破 过去分词作状语
过去分词短语作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意 义。这种过去分词状语相当于一个时间、原因、条件、让步等状语从 句。过去分词作状语，分词所表示的动作与句子的主语构成动宾关 系，即句子的主语是该分词动作的承受者。
1．表示时间 Questioned about the murder, he came tense. (＝When he was
questioned about...) 当问到关于谋杀的事情时，他紧张起来。 Asked many times, I told him the result. (＝After/When I had
she was devoted to her mother ... ) 因为很爱她的妈妈，她照顾她妈妈多年了。
•11、凡为教者必期于达到不须教。对人以诚信，人不欺我;对事以诚信，事无不成。 •12、首先是教师品格的陶冶，行为的教育，然后才是专门知识和技能的训练。 •13、在教师手里操着幼年人的命运，便操着民族和人类的命运。2021/11/112021/11/11November 11, 2021 •14、孩子在快乐的时候，他学习任何东西都比较容易。 •15、纪律是集体的面貌，集体的声音，集体的动作，集体的表情，集体的信念。 •16、一个人所受的教育超过了自己的智力，这样的人才有学问。 •17、好奇是儿童的原始本性，感知会使儿童心灵升华，为其为了探究事物藏下本源。2021年11月2021/11/112021/11/112021/11/1111/11/2021 •18、人自身有一种力量，用许多方式按照本人意愿控制和影响这种力量，一旦他这样做，就会影响到对他的教育和对他发生作用的环境。 2021/11/112021/11/11