宾语从句和定语从句讲解

合集下载

宾语从句和定语从句

宾语从句和定语从句

宾语从句和定语从句宾语从句和定语从句中,宾语从句,定语从句一直是一个比较难区分的英语语法。

以下是要给大家介绍的宾语从句和定语从句,欢迎各位的参考!宾语从句(一) 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语.宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略.当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响,按需要可以使用任何时态.如:She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她说她从周一至周五上班.(从句是一般现在时) She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条.(从句是一般将来时) She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山.(从句是现在完成时) 当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态.如:He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课.(从句是一般过去时) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿.(从句是过去将来时) He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.他说他们那时正在开会.(从句是过去进行时) *当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,宾语从句的'时态则用一般现在时.如:The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人.She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her.她说她父亲比她大二十八岁.He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光传播比声音传播快得多.(二) 由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句.引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同.但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.例如:We don't know whether (if) it is right.我们不知道它是否正确.The question is whether sheshould do that.问题在于她是否应该做那件事.Whether it is true remains a question.是真是假还是个问题.试比较:当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时,引出的是宾语从句.例如:I don't know if it is true.我不知道这事是否真实.当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲,则引出状语从句.例如:I shall go there if I have time.如果我有时间,我将到那儿去.定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which等.关系副词有:when,where,why等.关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.1)who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书.3)which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.(which / that在句中作主语)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语) 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.1)when,where,why关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地.Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?2)that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.下载全文。

定语从句和宾语从句的区别

定语从句和宾语从句的区别

定语从句和宾语从句的区别定语从句和宾语从句是英语语法中两个重要的从句结构,它们在句子中分别起着修饰名词或代词的作用和充当宾语的作用。

虽然它们的功能相似,但它们在结构和用法上有明显的区别。

本文将详细探讨定语从句和宾语从句的区别。

一、定语从句的特点和用法定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

它通常出现在被修饰的名词或代词之后,并且由关系词(如:who, which, that, whose, whom等)引导。

定语从句可以用来进一步说明或限定名词或代词的性质、状态、特征等。

下面是一些定语从句的示例:1. My sister, who is a doctor, works at the local hospital.2. The book that you lent me is very interesting.3. Do you know the person whose car was stolen?从以上示例可以看出,定语从句通过关系词引导,后面紧跟着一个完整的句子,这个句子修饰前面的名词或代词。

二、宾语从句的特点和用法宾语从句是用来充当句子的宾语的从句。

它通常出现在动词后面,由连接词(如:that, whether, if等)引导。

宾语从句可以用来回答动词的宾语所指的内容或作为宾语的补充说明。

下面是一些宾语从句的示例:1. He asked me if I could help him.2. I don't know what time he will arrive.3. She told us that she had already finished her homework.从以上示例可以看出,宾语从句不以关系词引导,通常由连接词引导,用来充当动词的宾语。

三、定语从句和宾语从句的区别1. 结构上的区别:定语从句通过关系词引导,后面紧跟着一个完整的句子。

而宾语从句通常由连接词引导,可以是一个从句或一个简单的句子。

宾语从句及定语从句讲解

宾语从句及定语从句讲解

宾语从句和定语从句解说(一) that 指引的宾语从句宾语从句的指引连词有that, who, whose, what, which,副词when, where, how, why, whether, if能够跟 that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think ,wish, hope, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree.1、在学习宾语从句的时候要知道宾语从句的组成I heard that he would come here later on.主语谓语动词指引词一个句子作宾语2、要注意在宾语从句中主句与从句的时态要响应(a)当主句用一般此刻时,从句要依据实质状况,选择时态比如: I believe ( that ) you did your best for that.I believe ( that ) you will do your best for that.(b)当主句的时态用一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态(过去时代包含,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去未来时,过去达成时等过去时态)比如: I hear that he will come here later on .I heard that he would come here later on.I can’ t tell him that his mother died.(c)当主句的时态用的是过去时态,可是从句的内容是对客观事情的表达,从句依旧用一般此刻时态。

比如: My teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.That指引的定语从句和that指引的宾语从句的差别定语从句在句中作主句的定语,修饰前面的名词或代词。

被修饰的词叫先行词,指引定语从句的词叫关系代词。

我们今日要学习的时由关系代词that 来指引的定语从句一, that 在定语从句中既可指代人也可指代物。

宾语从句和定语从句的区别

宾语从句和定语从句的区别

宾语从句和定语从句的区别宾语从句和定语从句在句子中起到了不同的作用,它们分别用于修饰名词和充当动词的宾语。

本文将详细介绍宾语从句和定语从句的区别。

一、宾语从句宾语从句是一个完整的句子,它在句中充当动词的宾语。

宾语从句通常由连接词引导,包括that、whether、if、when、where、why等。

宾语从句的位置可以在及物动词、介词后面,或者在一些固定句式中。

宾语从句可以是陈述句、疑问句或祈使句。

例如:1. I know that he is coming tomorrow.(我知道他明天会来。

)2. Can you tell me where she lives?(你能告诉我她住在哪里吗?)3. He asked me if I had finished my homework.(他问我是否完成了作业。

)宾语从句在句子中起到修饰名词的作用,用来回答与宾语相关的问题,如“是什么”、“怎样”、“为什么”等。

二、定语从句定语从句也是一个完整的句子,它在句中充当名词的修饰语。

定语从句通常由关系代词引导,包括that、which、who、whom、whose等。

定语从句一般紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。

例如:1. The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。

)2. The boy who is playing piano is my brother.(正在弹钢琴的那个男孩是我弟弟。

)3. This is the city where I was born.(这是我出生的城市。

)定语从句在句子中起到修饰名词的作用,用来对被修饰名词进行补充、说明、限制等。

三、宾语从句与定语从句的区别1. 作用不同:宾语从句用来充当动词的宾语,定语从句用来修饰名词。

2. 位置不同:宾语从句一般位于及物动词、介词后面,或者在一些固定句式中;定语从句紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。

定语从句与宾语从句的区别及用法解析

定语从句与宾语从句的区别及用法解析

定语从句与宾语从句的区别及用法解析在英语语法中,定语从句和宾语从句都是复合句的一种形式,用于给予进一步的信息或者说明。

尽管它们在结构和功能上有一些相似之处,但它们在使用和用法上有一些明显的区别。

本文将详细解析定语从句与宾语从句的区别,并介绍它们的常见用法。

一、定语从句定语从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的句子,起到限定或补充说明的作用。

定语从句通常由一个关系词引导,如that、which、who、whom、whose等。

定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。

定语从句的用法如下:1. 修饰人:关系代词 who,whom等用来修饰指人的名词,如:The girl who is sitting next to me is my sister.(坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我妹妹。

)2. 修饰物:关系代词 that,which等用来修饰指非人的名词,如:The book that is on the table is mine.(桌子上的书是我的。

)3. 关系词的省略:当关系代词在从句中作宾语时,可以省略,如:The man I saw yesterday is my teacher.(我昨天见到的那个人是我的老师。

)二、宾语从句宾语从句是用来作动词或介词的宾语的一个句子,用来给出动作或描述的具体内容。

宾语从句通常由“连词 + 主语 + 谓语”构成。

而关系词在宾语从句中,通常可以省略。

宾语从句的用法如下:1. 作动词的宾语:宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语,如:She told me that she was going to travel abroad.(她告诉我她要去国外旅行。

)2. 作介词的宾语:宾语从句可以作介词的宾语,如:I am interested in what you said.(我对你说的事情感兴趣。

)3. 作感叹句的宾语:宾语从句可以作感叹句的宾语,如:I can't believe that you did such a thing!(我无法相信你做了这样的事情!)三、定语从句与宾语从句的区别1. 功能不同:定语从句用于修饰名词或代词,起到限定或补充说明的作用;而宾语从句用于作动词或介词的宾语,提供具体的信息。

宾语从句和定语从句区别

宾语从句和定语从句区别

宾语从句和定语从句区别宾语从句和定语从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句。

它们在句子中的作用和结构有所不同,下面将分别列举宾语从句和定语从句的特点和例句。

一、宾语从句1. 定义:宾语从句是在句子中作为宾语的从句,用来说明主句中的动作或状态。

2. 特点:a. 通常由连接词that引导,也可以由连接词if, whether等引导。

b. 宾语从句可以放在及物动词的宾语位置、介词后面、动词不定式后面等位置。

c. 宾语从句中的谓语动词通常与主句中的动词的时态和语态保持一致。

3. 例句:a. I know that he is a teacher.(我知道他是一名老师。

)b. She asked if I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成了作业。

)c. He told me that he would come tomorrow.(他告诉我他明天会来。

)二、定语从句1. 定义:定语从句是在句子中作为定语的从句,用来修饰名词或代词。

2. 特点:a. 通常由关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that或关系副词when, where, why引导。

b. 定语从句可以放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面,用来给出进一步的描述和限定。

c. 定语从句中的谓语动词通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。

3. 例句:a. The person who is standing there is my teacher.(站在那里的人是我的老师。

)b. This is the book that I borrowed from the library.(这是我从图书馆借来的书。

)c. Do you know the reason why she cried?(你知道她为什么哭吗?)宾语从句和定语从句的区别在于其在句子中的作用和结构。

宾语从句作为宾语,用来说明主句中的动作或状态;而定语从句作为定语,用来修饰名词或代词。

宾语从句和定语从句的差异分析

宾语从句和定语从句的差异分析

宾语从句和定语从句的差异分析在英语语法中,宾语从句和定语从句是两种常见的从句结构。

虽然它们都是从句,但它们在句子中的功能和用法有明显区别。

本文将对宾语从句和定语从句的差异进行分析,以便更好地理解和运用这两种从句。

一、宾语从句宾语从句作为一个整体作为主句的宾语,用来说明主句的动作、行为或状态的对象或内容。

宾语从句通常由连接词“that”引导,但在口语中也可以使用其他连接词,如“if”、“whether”等。

需要注意的是,如果宾语从句是陈述句,连接词“that”通常可以省略。

1. 语法结构:主句 + 动词 + 宾语从句例句:He said (that) he would come to the party.2. 特点:a. 宾语从句通常放在动词后面,而不是宾语前面。

b. 连接词“that”通常可以省略,但在口语中经常省略。

二、定语从句定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,进一步说明名词或代词的特征、所属关系、状况等。

定语从句通常由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that等)引导。

1. 语法结构:主句 + 名词 + 定语从句例句:The person who is standing over there is my brother.2. 特点:a. 定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面。

b. 关系代词在定语从句中作为主语、宾语、定语等,引导定语从句的同时充当一个从句中的成分。

三、差异分析宾语从句和定语从句在功能和用法上存在以下差异:1. 功能:宾语从句作为整体作为主句的宾语,用于说明动作、行为的对象或内容;定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,进一步说明其特征、所属关系等。

2. 引导词:宾语从句通常由连接词“that”引导,但在口语中常省略;定语从句则由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that)引导。

3. 位置:宾语从句通常放在动词后面,而不是宾语前面;定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面。

宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,表语从句的详细讲解及例句

宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,表语从句的详细讲解及例句

当我们学习语法时,我们常常会遇到几种从句,包括宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句和表语从句。

下面逐个进行详细讲解,并给出相应的例句。

1. 宾语从句(Object Clause):宾语从句用来做主句中的宾语。

它通常由连接词引导,如that, if, whether, what, where, who, whom, whose等。

例句:- I don't know what he wants.(我不知道他想要什么。

)- She asked if he could come to the party.(她问他是否能来参加派对。

)- They wonder where we are going.(他们想知道我们要去哪里。

)2. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause):状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词,表示时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等。

它通常由连接词引导,如when, while, because, if, although, since等。

例句:- We will go hiking if the weather is good.(如果天气好,我们将去远足。

)- He studied hard until he passed the exam.(他学习努力直到通过考试。

)- Although it was raining, they still went out.(虽然下雨了,他们仍然出去了。

)3. 定语从句(Relative Clause):定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,对其进行限定或说明。

它通常由关系代词引导,如that, which, who, whom, whose等。

例句:- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有趣。

)- The person who is talking to Mary is my brother.(正在和玛丽说话的那个人是我哥哥。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

宾语从句和定语从句讲解(一)that 引导的宾语从句宾语从句的引导连词有that, who, whose, what, which, 副词when, where, how, why, whether, if可以跟that 从句做宾语的动词有:say, think ,wish, hope, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree.1、在学习宾语从句的时候要知道宾语从句的构成I heard that he would come here later on.主语谓语动词引导词一个句子作宾语2、要注意在宾语从句中主句与从句的时态要呼应(a)当主句用一般现在时,从句要根据实际情况,选择时态例如:I believe(that)you did your best for that.I believe(that)you will do your best for that.(b) 当主句的时态用一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态(过去时代包括,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去将来时,过去完成时等过去时态)例如:I hear he will come here later on .I heard he would come here later on.I can’t tell him that his mother died.(c)当主句的时态用的是过去时态,但是从句的内容是对客观事情的叙述,从句依然用一般现在时态。

例如:My teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.That 引导的定语从句和that 引导的宾语从句的区别定语从句在句中作主句的定语,修饰前面的名词或代词。

被修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系代词。

我们今天要学习的时由关系代词that来引导的定语从句一,that在定语从句中既可指代人也可指代物。

先行词是人或者物时,可以用that来引导如:Have you seen the woman that is wearing red coat?He found the girl that we’re looking for.Please show me the photo that you like best.关系代词that在从句中可充当主语或者是宾语,在当关系代词在句中充当定语从句的宾语时,常常省略。

He found the girl (that)we are looking for.1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.__________________________________________________________2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.__________________________________________________________3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.__________________________________________________________4. The students will not pass the exam. They don’t stu dy hard.__________________________________________________________5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.__________________________________________________________6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.__________________________________________________________7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.__________________________________________________________That 引导的宾语从句He promised that he would never make that mistake againWe all believe the promise that he made to us宾语从句中that为连词,不充当任何成分,可以省略定语从句中that为关系代词,充当从句的主语或者是宾语,充当宾语时可以省略选择填空:1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.A. thatB. whichC. whomD. when2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.A. whoseB. thatC. whomD. which3. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. as4. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?A. whenB. whereC. whichD. /5. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to himB. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking6. The man ____ around our school is from America.A. which you showedB. you showed himC. you showedD. where you showed7. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?A. thatB. whomC. whenD. whose8. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.A. that, whatB. what, thatC. which, whatD. that, which9 He found ____the book ____is about Australia is very interestingA what, whenB that, whereC that, /D /, that10 I am very happy ____ I was chosen to represent our school to take part in the competitionA. what B why C which D that注意!宾语从句小口诀:宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述句转化that引,一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。

whether 或if 引导的宾语从句主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .注意:一般情况下,whether 和if 可以互用,但有些情况例外。

a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whetherwe'll go on the picnic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时,只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether you go or not?c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用特殊疑问词;引导词后要用陈述句语序。

E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?特殊情况当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,句式结构应为引导词+do you think+陈述句语序。

人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。

如:“May I use your knife?”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number?”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。

主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。

如:Who will give us a talk? I don‟t know. →I don‟t know who will give us a talk.Do you know?Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives巩固练习1. Have you decided ________for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2. Can you tell me _________ ?A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives3. The old man asked me ________ .二,定语从句定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

相关文档
最新文档