高二英语上学期第13周周练试题
山西授阳市汾阳中学2020_2021学年高二英语上学期周测试题十

山西省汾阳市汾阳中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期周测试题十第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
ABirthdays at the Canadian Children's MuseumThe perfect place for a memorable birthday party!Celebrate at the Canadian Children's Museum with creative and fun-filled activities designed to excite the interest of children aged 3 to 12.The party includes:•One hour in a private party room;•Admission to the museum;•Unlimited time in the Children's Museum (until closing);•One hour animation* (动画片)* Only with the “Scene-Stealers” and “Around the World” themed party.Payment is due (到期的) in full upon registration. Registration is required at least two weeks in advance.Scene-StealersAges 3 to 8Step into the spotlight (聚光灯) with a behind-the-scenes trip to the Canadian Children's Museum Theatre. The Director will help you warm up with some theatre games, and teach you some stage skills to get you ready for the audience!Cost: $190 for up to 10 kids and 2 adults; $10 for each extra child.Around the WorldAges 4 to 7Take an unforgettable trip around the world to try Japanese origami (折纸艺术) and learn a traditional Mexican dance! This unforgettable journey through theInternational Village is packed with fun and creative activities for young adventurers.Cost: $190 for up to 10 kids and 2 adults; $10 for each extra child.DIY PartyAges 5 to 12DIY Party includes Museum admission, and one hour of free time in one of the Museum's party rooms. A great choice for parents looking to plan their own activities!Cost: $100 for up to 10 kids and 2 adults; $8 for each extra child.1. What should you know about celebrating birthdays at the Canadian Children's Museum?A. It is for kids aged 3 to 7.B. It provides animation in all parties.C. It should be booked ahead of time.D. It is required to be within one hour in the museum.2. What can you do at a Scene-Stealers party?A. Make a new movie.B. Learn some stage skills.C. Visit the International Village.D. Practice traditional paper-making art.3. How much should a couple pay if they bring 12 kids to a DIY Party?A. $100.B. $116.C. $190.D. $210.BOn September 1, Hurricane Dorian hit the Bahamas. Many areas were left without power or water. As soon as the storm passed, a team of cooks and other volunteers sprang into action. They set up makeshift (临时替代的) kitchens. Leading the charge was José Andrés, who owns popular restaurants in the United States. He's also the founder of World Central Kitchen (WCK), which cooks meals for people affected bynatural disasters and other emergencies (突发事件). “We will make it to everyone who needs food,” Andrés said. At press time, WCK had served about 300,000 meals there.WCK began its work in 2016, when Hurricane Matthew hit Haiti. It left many people without food. Usually, after an emergency, governments give out prepackaged meals, but some of the food isn't very healthy. Andrés thought he could do better. The food served by WCK is fresh and healthy. When possible, it adds in local ingredients (原料), which suit the tastes of the area.WCK cooks have shortcuts to cooking lots of food quickly. Andrés grew up in Spain, where cooks use massive pans (巨大的锅) to make a rice dish called paella. He realized paella pans could be used for all kinds of food. Now WCK cooks use them for everything and they can cook for 500 people at a time this way.WCK has about 25 staff members. But much of its work is done by volunteers. Twenty thousand volunteers served almost 4 million meals after Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico, in 2017. Andrés said a 10-year-old girl there named Lola ran a whole part of the kitchen on her own, and he thought she was a heroine.In Haiti, it's common for school meals to be cooked indoors over open fires. This can be dangerous. WCK wants to help. The group has built or repaired more than 140 schools in Haiti. In many of them, it has fitted gas stoves (煤气灶) and water lines. Together, this has made schools cleaner and safer for more than65,000 people.4. Why did Andrés start WCK?A. To comfort the injured people.B. To rebuild popular restaurants.C. To provide meals for those in need.D. To teach people how to survive a natural disaster.5. What does the underlined word “shortcuts” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Basic rules.B. Strange suggestions.C. Abilities to compete.D. Ways of saving time.6. What can be learned about WCK?A. It prefers children volunteers.B. It brings cooks a good return.C. It employs good Spanish-style cooks.D. It depends greatly on voluntary helpers.7. What does WCK bring to Haiti?A. Clean and safe cooking.B. Prepackaged meals.C. Highly-competitive schools.D. Professional and easy-going cooks.CFirst impressions are important, but are first impressions correct? Personally, I'm not so sure, and according to new research, neither is science.You really shouldn't judge a book by its cover, but I certainly have, and I'm willing to bet (打赌) you've done it, too. Consider this, though: If I'd let my opinion on, say, the boring cover of John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath stop me from reading this great novel, I would have missed out on one of my favorite books to date. First impressions are important because they can influence you one way or another, but they shouldn't be the be-all and end-all of your opinion on someone.According to Jonathan Freeman, a professor at New York University, first impressions are collected within only a few hundred milliseconds and are often based on the person's facial appearance.“First impressions of faces can influence how we make decisions about people,”Freeman explained in a statement. Therefore, in order to put an end to such first impressions, you have to understand where your first assumptions (假设) come from. In order to do this, a team of researchers in Switzerland performed two experiments: The first required participants to judge the personalities of dozens of people only based on photos they were shown online. For example, in this part of the study, researchers took note of how participants related personality features like friendliness with various appearances. The second experiment explored what kind of facial features were connected with exact personality features. For example, someone who has a round face with “babyish features” might be considered as friendlier ormore harmless than someone who isn't smiley in their photo.The results showed that first impressions often aren't all right. Look, it's really unfortunate that first impressions aren't always right. Still, these first impressions happen regardless of whether or not they're right, so the best thing you can do is try to put your best foot forward without, of course, giving up your authenticity (真实性); you are exactly who you were meant to be, and all you cando is be the best person you can.8. What does the author want to show by mentioning John Steinbeck's novel?A. First impressions are influential.B. The cover of a book is unnecessary.C. We shouldn't judge a book by its cover.D. Few people tend to make judgments at first sight.9. What were the participants asked to do in the first experiment?A. Choose photos they like.B. Relate personalities with photos.C. Show their opinions of smiley faces.D. Talk about their impressions of other participants.10. Which of the following is a finding of the research?A. People find it hard to make a good impression.B. Faces show personality features correctly.C. First impressions are not always reliable.D. One's facial appearance is really important.11. What's the author's advice according to the text?A. Don't be too realistic.B. Try to be your best self.C. Don't be judgmental.D. Disregard others' suggestionsDWhen you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air and wild animals, right? Well, now you're going to have to add tea shops and something called “the Underground” to your definition (定义), because London, England has signed up to be the first “National Park City.”London was founded by the Romans around 2,000 years ago and people have continually lived there since then. In all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, which means London already has a much lower urban density (密度) than most of the world's cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space.In July 2019, London announced its willingness to become the world's first National Park City. Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and increasing public parks, greening unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, and fixing some green roofs on existing buildings.“Encouraged by the aims and values of our rural (乡村的) national parks, the London National Park City is basically about making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long-term thinking,” Daniel Raven-Ellison, who began the movement to make London a National Park City six years ago, said. “We've been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green.” It's about going further to make the city greener, healthier and wilder; making the city richer in wildlife.London will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation (转变) than more densely-urbanized cities like Paris and New York, which have 10% and 27% green space, respectively. But that doesn't mean it's not possible — the National Park City Foundation hopes to include 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025. Glasgow, Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both considering becoming National Park Cities.12. What makes London more likely to become a National Park City than other cities?A. Its smaller population.B. Its locals' requirements.C. Its government's strict law.D. Its wider area of green space.13. Where can you find out about London's measures to achieve its goal?A. In Paragraph 1.B. In Paragraph 2.C. In Paragraph 3.D. In Paragraph 4.14. What does Daniel try to talk about in the fourth paragraph?A. The values of newly-founded parks.B. The importance of his movement.C. The influence of green space on cities.D. The preparation for setting up a movement.15. What would be the best title for the text?A. London is leading the world in park constructionB. London becomes the world's first National Park CityC. London is listed as the world's most-visited cityD. London has built the world's first underground park第二节(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
高二英语上册第十三单元单元测试题(含答案)

高二英语上册第十三单元单元测试题(含答案)高二英语第五模块第十三单元测试题第二部分:. 单项选择(共20小题,每题1分,共20分) 21. --- Thanks for the lovely and the delicious food. --- ________ . A. No thanks B. Never mind C. All right D. My pleasure 22. Everything ________ into consideration, they ought to have another chance. A. to take B. taken C. to be taken D. taking 23. The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village. A. until B. that C. when D. where 24. We have to consider this matter __________ morality. A. in terms of B. on purpo se C. in spite of D. in advance 25. I couldn’t resist ________ back and ________ another look at the beautiful mountain. A. turning, taking B. turning, take C. to turn, taking D. to turn, to take 26. In some parts of London, missing a bus means ________ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting 27. The other day, I was walking in the street when a young man ran up, ________ my bag and ran off. A. grabbed B. took C. stole D. relieved 28. Which do you enjoy ________ your spare time, reading or playing chess? A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. being spent 29. Come and see me whenever ________ .A. you are convenientB. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to youD. it will be convenient to you 30. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 31. After Yangliwei succeeded in circling the earth, _________ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. once 32. ________ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend ________ her. A. Warned, followed B. Warning, following C. Having warned, following D. Having been warned, following 33. It is often _________ his father comes back from work at night. A. after 10 o’clock when B. 10 o’clock whenC. 10 o’clock thatD. at 10 o’clock when 34. He ________ me. It’s a shame my mobile phone was power-off. A. ought to have called B. may be calling C. might have called D. would call 35. --- We could have walked to the station, it was so near. --- Yes. A taxi _________ at all necessary. A. wasn’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. won’t be 36. As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, ________.A. the more for life are you equippedB. the more equipped for life you areC. the more life you are equipped forD. you are equipped the more for life 37. ________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 38. Because the shop _________, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. A. has been closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. has closed down 39. --- I’m afraid no one will agree with you. --- I don’t think it ________. A. minds B. depends C. troubles D. matters 40. His parents had to work at night,_________ him at home alone. A. left B. forgot C. leaving D. dropped第三部分:完形填空(共20题,每题1.5 分,共30分)Don’t Take the Fun Out of Youth Sports When I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach (教练) said that I had lots of potential (潜力), and I became captain of my 41 . That was before all the fun was taken out of 42 . At first, everyone on the team got 43 playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the 44 started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have 45 one-on-one training, got angry when she didn’t give them more playing time in our 46 . The coach was replaced. The new coach, however, tookall the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was 47 .I always wished to God that it would rain so we would not have the 48 . Of course, all teams run drills; they are 49 . But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble 50 . Younger people shouldn’t be doing exercises 51 for 18-year-olds. I was very thin 52 I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn’t eat much, because I was afraid of being too 53 to run.I feared making mistakes, and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual 54 . Is all this pressure necessary?I 55 up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, and two of them stopped playing football completely. That’s 56 , because they had so much potential. They were just burned-out with all the pressure they 57 from the coach or their parents. I continued playing football at school and 58 my love for it. I joined a private team coached by my school coach. When I started playing 59 him, he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I 60 down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it’s a lot easier to do it well. 41. A. class B. club C. team D. board 42. A. playing B. living C. learning D. working 43. A. great B. equal C. right D. extra 44. A. business B. struggle C. attempt D. pressure 45. A. free B. private C. good D. basic 46. A. matches B. courses C. lessons D. programs 47. A. jump B. play C. run D. shoot 48. A. duty B. meeting C. operation D. training 49. A. necessary B. boring C. scientific D. practical 50. A. speaking B. moving C. sleeping D. breathing 51. A. used B. intended C. made D. described 52.A. tillB. sinceC. beforeD. because 53. A. full B. tired C. lazy D. big 54. A. size B. share C. space D. state 55. A. gave B. kept C. ended D. picked 56. A. sad B. shameful C . silly D. serious 57. A. received B. suffered C. brought D. felt 58. A. reconsidered B. rediscovered C. re-formed D. replaced 59. A.at B. by C. for D. around 60. A. fell B. stepped C. slowed D. calmed第四部分:阅读理解第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
江苏省宿迁市沭阳县潼阳中学2014-2015学年上学期牛津版高二英语周练试题 Word版含答案

潼阳中学高二英语周练完成时间 : 2014-11-26编辑:陈妍审核:谢海荣Ⅰ.单项填空1. With the business of the company expanding, the manager is considering _________ more staff.A. taking overB. taking onC. taking awayD. taking up2. The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit __________ the season.A. whateverB. whereverC. wheneverD. however3. For him _________ stage is just __________means of making a living.A. a; aB. the; aC. the; theD. a; the4. —I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?—Not at all. __________.A. I’ve no timeB. I’d rather notC. I’d like itD. I’d be happy to5. The lady stood in the sitting room as if __________ a visit __________ someone.A. expecting; fromB. expected; fromC. expected; toD. expecting; at6. —Will you be able to finish the report before Friday?—I can’t __________ anything, but I’ll try my best.A. guaranteeB. transformC. prepareD. say7. (2013·成都高二检测) James took the magazines off the little table to make __________ for the television.A. roomB. areaC. fieldD. position8. He always brings me a pretty gift __________ he comes to visit me.A. by the timeB. next timeC. every timeD. at times9. He told me about the __________ news in a __________ voice.A. amazing; surprisingB. amazed; surprisedC. amazing; surprisedD. amazed; surprising10. Tom, don’t __________ the poor little girl and __________ yourself. Did you forget the school rules?A. make a joke about; performB. laugh at; conquerC. make fun of; behaveD. tease; believe11. It is known to all that there is __________ as a free lunch.A. no such a thingB. no such thingC. such no thingD. no such things12. The first reality TV show in the world __________ Expedition Robinson was shown in Sweden in 1997.A. calledB. having been calledC. callingD. to be called13. (2012·盐城高二检测)—I wonder why he is unhappy since he owns a large company and is the richest in town.—Just as the saying goes, __________.A. there is only one person who could ever make you happy, and that person is youB. people with many interests live, not only longest, but happiestC. happiness lies not in possessions and not in gold; the feeling of happiness exists in the soulD. to be happy, one must love oneself as well as others14. (2013·唐山高二检测)He is hoping to go abroad but his parents __________ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.A. were decidingB. have decidedC. decidedD. will decide15. The villagers are extremely thankful to him, without whose help the road to the village _________.A. can’t be builtB. couldn’t have been builtC. mustn’t be builtD. mustn’t have been built Ⅱ.完形填空When most of my friends were quarreling with their fathers, I was looking to mine for guidance. He knows 16 about me than anyone else. He 17 for work so he’s gone a lot. Most people assume we have a 28 relationship because he’s not at home very often. But we get along well under this situation 19 we talk every night by phone, and he makes his support known when he can’t be present. One night my world just collapsed, and 20 was my dad who was able to pick up the pieces.My first true love called from a party and 21 my heart. He offered little explanation and this made the 12 more difficult to accept. In that quick phone call I lost my boyfriend and best friend, a 23 I had enjoyed for the past year and a half. I was sure I was the most miserable fifteen-year-old girl in the world—lost and 24 . It felt like everyone else’s life could just continue on in its normal way, but mine couldn’t.I was forced to deal with my regular 25 on Monday morning, as Mom went to work, Dad flew out 26 business and I went to school. Dad wouldn’t return until Friday. I wasn’tsure 27 I was going to face everyone and their 28 at school. I was right:the questions and the whispers started around the second period.I returned home from school feeling 29 defeated. All I wanted to do was crawling into bed and wallowing (在……里挣扎) in my own self-pity. I pulled back the covers on my bed and 30 a pile of cards left by my dad. Each card included a(n) 31 . He was halfway across the country and still my dad was able to show he 32 .I made it through that week because of him. Each card seemed to say just what I needed to hear. I was instructed to open the last 33 after the party I went to on Saturday night. In it he sagely (贤明地) reminded me to 34 .“The world isn’t so bad after a good laugh. The more you laugh, the more you heal.”Each card was 35 , Love, Dad.16. A. much B. less C. little D. more17. A. travels B. goes C. rides D. looks18. A. close B. good C. distant D. great19. A. because B. if C. only D. unless20. A. it B. there C. that D. he21. A. destroyed B. broke C. hurt D. harmed22. A. condition B. environment C. situation D. state23. A. confidence B. comfort C. happiness D. pity24. A. distant B. missed C. dead D. lonely25. A. issue B. matter C. business D. routine26. A. in B. at C. on D. for27. A. what B. how C. where D. when28. A. gossip B. word C. eyes D. chat29. A. partly B. really C. truly D. completely30. A. got B. discovered C. observed D. watched31. A. message B. order C. instruction D. note32. A. cared B. pitied C. loved D. concerned33. A. envelope B. card C. box D. letter34. A. shout B. cry C. laugh D. smile35. A. read B. signed C. attached D. writtenⅢ.阅读理解AProviding a high-quality education for all children is important to America’s economic future. President Obama has decided to provide every child with access to a complete and competitive education, from cradle (摇篮) to career.The years before a child reaches kindergarten are among the most critical in his or her life to influence learning. The President will urge states to introduce high standards across all publicly funded early learning settings, develop new programs to improve opportunities and outcomes, engage parents in their child’s early learning and development, and improve the early education workforce.President Obama will reform America’s public schools to deliver a 21st century education that will prepare all children for success in the new global work place. He will push to end the use of ineffective,“off-the-shelf”tests, and support new, state-of-the- art assessment and responsibility systems that provide timely and useful information about the learning and progress of students.Teachers are the single most important resource to children’s learning. President Obama will invest in a national effort to reward outstanding teachers, while enlisting the best and brightest in the field of teaching. And he will challenge state and school districts to remove ineffective teachers from the classroom.The President believes that investment in education must be accompanied by reform and innovation (创新). He supports the expansion of high-quality charter schools (特许学校). He has challenged states to lift limits that stop growth among successful charter schools and has encouraged strict responsibility for all charter schools.President Obama has decided to ensure that America will regain its lost ground and have the highest proportion of students graduating from colleges in the world by 2020. The President believes that regardless of educational paths after high school, all Americans should enroll in at least one year of higher education or job training to better prepare our workforce for the 21 st century economy.To reach these goals, the President has decided to increase higher education access and success by restructuring and greatly expanding college financial aid, while making federal programs simpler, more reliable, and more efficient for students.36. What’s President Obama’s idea about education?A. To offer all children a full and good education.B. To urge states to introduce high standards.C. To enable every child to succeed in global economy.D. To increase higher education access.37. What does the underlined word “critical”in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Very formal.B. Very important.C. Very difficult.D. Very ordinary.38. Which of the following things is NOT part of President Obama’s decisions?A. Removing ineffective teachers from the classroom.B. Reforming America’s public schools.C. Enlisting some teachers from other countries.D. Expanding high-quality charter schools.39. What can we infer from the passage?A. America has the largest number of college students.B. All American children will receive higher education for free.C. More and more American people intend to work as a teacher.D. America’s college education is worse than before.BOutside her shabby cottage, old Mrs. Tailor was hanging out laundry on a wire line, unaware that some children lay hidden in the leaves of a nearby tree watching her every move. They were determined to find out if she was really a witch.They watched as she took a broomstick to clean the dirt from her stone steps. But, much to their disappointment, she did not mount the broomstick and take a flight. Suddenly, the old lady’s work was interrupted by the cackling of her hen—a signal that an egg had been laid in the warm nest on the top of the haystack.The old broomstick was put aside as she hobbled (蹒跚) off towards the haystack followed by Sooty, a black cat she had rescued from a fox trap some time back. With only three legs, it was hard for Sooty to keep up with the old lady. The cat provided proof—the children were sure that only a witch could own a black cat with three legs.There, standing on a wooden box, was Mrs. Tailor, stretching out to gather her precious egg. Taking the egg in one of her hands, she began to climb down when, without warning, the box broke and the old lady fell.“We have to go and help her,”whispered Amy.“What if it is a trick?”replied Ben.“Don’t be silly, Ben. If she were a witch, she would have turned us into frogs already,”reasoned Meg.“Come on, Amy! Let’s go.”The girls climbed down the tree and ran all the way to the haystack.Approaching carefully, they could see a wound on the old lady’s face. She had knocked her head on a stone and her ankle was definitely broken.“Go and get Dad,”Amy yelled at her brother.“Tell him about the accident.”The boys did not need another excuse to leave. They ran as fast as they could for help, hoping that Mrs. Tailor would not wake and turn the girls into frogs.40. Why were the children hiding in the tree?A. Because they wanted to watch Mrs. Tailor do her housework closely.B. Because they were playing a hide-and-seek game.C. Because they wanted to find out if the rumors about Mrs. Tailor were true.D. Because they were pretending to be spies.41. Mrs. Tailor stopped sweeping when __________.A. her front steps were cleanB. she noticed the children in the treeC. she was ready to take a flightD. she heard the hen cackling42. Ben did not rush into helping Mrs. Tailor because _________.A. he thought that she could be tricking themB. he knew that they could not have been in the treeC. he did not see the old lady fall downD. he was afraid of the three-legged cat答案与解析Ⅰ. 1. B 句意:随着公司业务的扩大,经理正在考虑雇用更多的职员。
高二英语上学期周考试题(11_20)

河北省武邑中学2016-2017学年高二英语上学期周考试题(11.20)第一部分:听力 (共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers buy for Emma’s birthday?A. A pet.B. A book.C. Some cakes.2. When did the football match start?A. At 2:15.B. At 2:30.C. At 2:45.3. Where are the two speakers?A. On a plane.B. In a shop.C. In a restaurant.4. How did the man know Lisa came back from Britain?A. He saw her.B. Peter told him.C. Lisa gave him a call.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A club.B. A theft.C. A cupboard.第二节(共15小题, 每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. How much is the extra large tent per day?A.$10.B.$50.C.$60.7. What do we know about the man?A. He’ll return the tent in a month.B. He will not get a discount.C. He’ll reserve a tent now.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
高级 高二英语 Module 1 3周练题 试题

一中高2021级2021-2021学年上学期module1-3英语单元测试一.阅读理解〔一共4小题;每一小题2分,满分是8分〕阅读以下短文,从每一小题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中,选出最正确选项。
On October 19, 1959, the first Special English program was broadcast on the Voice of America. It was an experiment. The goal was to communicate by radio in clear and simple English with people whose native language is not English. Experts said the goal was admirable, but the method would not work. They were proved wrong. The Special English programs quickly became some of the most popular on VOA. And they still are.Forty years later, Special English continues to communicate with people who are not fluent in English. But during the years its role has expanded. It also helps people learn American English. And it provides listeners, even those who are native English speakers, with information they cannot find elsewhere.Today, Special English broadcasts around the world seven days a week, five times a day. Each half-hour broadcast begins with ten minutes of the latest news followed by 20 minutes of feature programming. There is a different short feature every weekday about science, development, agriculture and environment, and on the weekend, about news events and American idioms.Three elements make Special English unique. It has a limited vocabulary of 1500 words. Most are simple words that describe objects, actions or emotions. Some are more difficult. They are used for reporting world events and describing discoveries in medicine and science. Special English is written in short, simple sentences thatcontain only one idea. No idioms are used. And Special English is spoken at a slower pace, about two-thirds the speed of Standard English. This helps people learning English hear each word clearly. It also helps people who are English speakers understand complex subjects.Through the years, Special English has become a very popular tool for teaching English, even though it was not designed as teaching program. It succeeds in helping people learn English in a non-traditional way. Individuals record the programs and play them over and over to practice their listening skills. In countries around the world, English teachers assign Special English to their students. They praise it for improving their students' ability to understand American English and for the content of the programs. Universities and private companies in many countries produce packages of Special English materials for student use.1.At the beginning, Special English program was .A. well receivedB. rejected by native peopleC. doubted by some professionalsD. intended for teaching English2.What kind of English is spoken on Special English?A. British English.B. American English.C. Both British and American English.D. Not certain.3.Which of the following are the elements that make Special English unique?a. limited vocabularyb. short simple sentencesc. good communication methodd. slow speede. interesting feature programmingA. a, b, cB. a, c, dC. a, b, dD. b, d, e4.From the last paragraph we can infer that .A. listening to Special English can be a student’s homeworkB. listening to Special English can improve the content of the programC. some student record the Special English material for saleD. learning English from VOA is a traditional way for English learner.二.完形填空〔一共20小题;每一小题1.5分,满分是30分〕The area of California that is called Silicon Valley is about seventy kilometers southeast of San Francisco. It is about forty kilometers long and about fifteen kilometers wide. You will not find the 5 Sil-icon Valley on any maps of California. But it is a very 6 place. There are thousands of high-technology companies in Silicon Valley today.The 7 begins with Stanford University. 8 World War II, Stanford University was having financial(财政的) problems. It also 9 several thousand hectares (公顷) of land that was not being 10. A professor at Stanford did his best to 11 theproblem. He learned that the university could not legally sell the land. The Stanford family made it legally impossible to sell any of the land 12 they gave it to the university. However, the professor discovered there was 13 to prevent the university from 14 companies to pay the university to use the land. This idea 15 the development of an area called Stanford Industrial Park. This business area was 16 in 1954. Several leading companies moved their offices there. These 17 businesses influenced other companies to move into or near the Stanford Industrial Park.The area became known as Silicon Valley 18 the beginning of the computer age. In the early 1970s, a(an) 19 named the area Silicon Valley in a series of stories for a publication called Electronic News. Young computer engineers with little 20 started companies in this area. Many of these companies are now large international businesses. One 21 is Apple Computers.Silicon Valley is a name that has become so popular today that it is often used to 22 any area that is home to many electronics companies. 23 the first and most important Silicon Valley can still be 24 in California.5. A. position B. name C. city D. direction6. A. distant B. deserted C. important D. interesting7. A. situation B. reason C. result D. story8. A. After B. Before C. During D. Since9. A. owned B. sold C. bought D. provided10. A. shared B. forgot C. used D. seized11. A. think B. deal C. mention D. solve12. A. because B. though C. when D. if13 A. nothing B. everything C. something D. anything14. A. permitting B. persuading C. ordering D. obliging15. A. belonged to B. led to C. referred to D. added up to16 A. gave up B. handed in C. set up D. used up17. A. useful B. helpful C. peaceful D. successful18. A. at B. on C. with D. for19. A. engineer B. reporter C. employer D. boss20. A. thought B. knowledge C. success D. money21 A. model B. example C. form D. shape22. A. explain B. describe C. believe D. suggest23. A. But B. So C. Then D. Thus24. A.continued B. protected C. touched D. found三.语法填空〔一共10小题;每一小题1.5分,满分是15分〕阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或者括号内单词的正确形式。
上学期高二英语周周练试题

2021年上学期高二英语周周练(无附答案)制卷人:歐陽文化、歐陽理複;制卷時間:二O二二年二月七日Ⅰ. Multiple choices〔1′×25〕1. I really don’t know what to ______ on Sunday.A. do withB. deal withC. workD. act2. The underground workers were surrounded by the enemy, but they at last.A. managed to escapeB. tried to escapeC. triedescaping D. managed escaping3. — Tom, keep your on your studies.— Sure, Mum. I'll keep that in _______.A. mind; mindB. heart; headC. brain; mindD. heart; brain4. I shall stay in the hotel all day Michael calls me up.A. in caseB. in case ofC. in that caseD. in any case5. New Year is _______. We are in December already.A. on the wayB. in the wayC. out of the wayD. by the way6. The number of deer, mountain lions, and wild roses does not change much if people ______things as they are.A. leaveB. leavesC. makeD. makes7. The problem close attention and careful thought.A. calls forB. calls inC. calls atD. calls on8. We are busy now. If we ______ time, we _______with you.A. have, wouldB. had, will goC. had, would goD. had, went9. The waters of the lake are so _____ that it looks like glass.A. calmB. silentC. quietD. still10. ________put the poison within ________of the children.A. To, reachB. To, the reachC. Do, reachD. Don’t , the reach11. They both talked as if they ______ friends before.A. should beB. had beenC. would beD. have been12. He witnesses to the man enter the room.A. have seenB. having seenC. seeD. seeing13. Something must be done to prevent factory ____poisonous gases so as to keep the city ____ .A. sending out; from pollutingB. send out; pollutingC. from sending out; from pollutingD. sending out; from beingpolluted14. The lady was badly burnt when her house _____ last week.A. caught a fireB. caught fireC. made a fireD. set on fire15. If I knew_______, I would help you.A. how to doB. what to doC. where to doD. when to do16. We collected a lot of money those who were suffering from flood.A. with the aid ofB. in the aid ofC. in aid ofD. under thehelp17. She insisted that she ____ ill of him behind him, but he didn't believe.A. hadn't spokenB. shouldn't speakC. wouldn't speakD. not speak18. If we _____ the train, we would have to wait an hour at the station.A. missB. would missC. have missedD. were to miss19. Where is Xiaozhang? I wish I _____ him at once.A. can findB. will findC. could findD. should find20. What would you do if you _____ an injured bird?A. seeB. seeingC. sawD. sees21. Jane’s pale face suggested that she ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she ____ a medical examination.A. be; should haveB. was; haveC. should be; hadD. was; has22. It is necessary that you _____ present at the discussion.A. will beB. areC. should beD. were23. Jill would rather we _____ now, but we must go to work.A. not leaveB. had not leftC. didn’t leaveD. not to be left24. It’s high time that you _____ in your homework.A. will handB. handedC. handD. have handed25. Mary got up early, but she ____ so, because she had no work to do that morning.A. can not have doneB. must not have doneC. shouldn't have doneD. needn't have doneⅡ. C′×20〕If you see someone drowning, speed is very important. Once you get him out of the 26 , if he isn't 27 , you have four minutes before his brain is completely 28 . Support his neck, tilt (使翘起) his head back and press his chin (下巴) upwards. This 29 the tongue blocking the airway in the throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn't 30 , start mouth-to-mouth breathing. Press his nostrils (鼻孔) together with your 31 . Open your 32 wide and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest 33 . Then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat twelve times a minute. Keep doing 34 help arrives.To bring a child back to 35_, keep your lips around his mouth and nose and gently 36 his mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to 37 the blood with oxygen. If, 38 your efforts, he starts turning a blue grey colour, you can 39 no pulse (脉搏),then pressing is the 40 chance of saving his life.With arms straight, rock (摆动) forwards pressing down on the lower half of the breastbones. Don't be too hard 41 you may break a rib (肋骨). Check how effective you are seeing if his colour 42 or his pulse becomes independent to your chest __43 . If this 44 , stop the pressing. Otherwise 45 until the rescue arrives.26. A. ground B. room C. water D. forest27. A. dying B. breathing C. swimming D. crying28. A. destroyed B. covered C. thinking D. moved29. A. keeps B. makes C. does D. stops30. A. work B. matter C. breath D. start31. A. feet B. arm C. fingers D. face32. A. eyes B. hand C. mouth D. tongue33. A. falls B. moves C. becomes warm D. rises34. A. when B. after C. as D. until35. A. speak B. life C. safety D. smile36. A. touch B. press C. open D. blow into37. A. make B. fill C. produce D. watch38. A. as a result of B. because of C. in spite of D. thinking of39. A. feel B. get C. watch D. see40. A. best B. first C. latest D. last41. A. but B. or C. so D. since42. A. improves B. changes C. remains the same D. is still good43. A. hitting B. touching C. pressing D. moving44. A. does B. happens C. works D. disappears45. A. pressing B. keep C. go D. continueⅢ. Reading comprehension〔2′×10〕AAs long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us.We take fish from the ocean-- millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. We even use their bones for fertilizer and meal.We take minerals from the oceans. One way to get salt is to place sea water in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates(蒸发). Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation.Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We can't drink ocean water. Some of its contents may cause illness. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salt is removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage(垃圾). We pollute the ocean when using it as a garbage dump. Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the waste that we pour into it. Dumping (倾倒) garbage into the ocean is killing sea life. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more and more than ever.We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it's not too late.46. The ocean is important to us because __________.A. fish taken from it can feed millions of peopleB. we take minerals from the oceanC. the ocean gives us fertilizer, minerals, water and the other giftsD. all the above47. Man will depend more and more on the ocean in the future because ______.A. we can drink ocean waterB. the world population is growingC. man has pouring wastes into the oceanD. fresh water will come from the sea48. Which of the following is not true?A. Not all the fish that feed millions of people every day are from the ocean.B. Although the ocean is very huge, it can't hold all the waste we pour into it.C. The ocean is being polluted with the development of modern agriculture andindustry.D. While we are destroying the ocean, we ourselves are not being destroyed.49. From the passage we know ______.A. we take all the minerals from the oceanB. the ocean is too large to be pollutedC. we have been depending on fresh water from the seaD. something must be done to stop the ocean from being polluted50. What is the best topic of the passage?A. Using the OceanB. The Huge OceanC. Many Things in the OceanD. Pollution of the OceanBNick Petrels is a doctor in Montreal. He works 60 hours a week. He takes care of 159 patients a week in the hospital and at his office. He’s been a doctor for ten years.Dr. Petrels gives his patients good medical advice. But he doesn’t just tell his patients what to do. He also sings to them on television! Dr. Petrels has his own TV show. The show is in Italian, English and French. The doctor starts the show with a song and then gives medical advice. He explains a medical problem or disease in simple language. After that, he sings another song.Dr. Petrels produces and performs in his own show every week. The program is very popular with his patients and with people who enjoy his singing. His dream is to perform in Las Vegas. His favorite songs are love songs, and he has a compact disk of love songs that he wrote. Dr. Petrels says, “I always loved to sing. All my problems are gone when I sing.〞But when Dr. Petrels was young, his father didn’t want him to be a singer, so he went to medical school.Some people tell Dr. Petrels he can help people more as a doctor. But Dr. Petrels says he helps people when he sings, too. “I like to make people smile. Sometimes it’s difficult to make a sick person smile. Medicine and entertainment both try to do the same thing. They try to make people feel good.〞51. Dr. Petrels works 60 hours a week, because he _______.A. gives his patients medical adviceB. takes care of 159 patients a weekC. sings on televisionD. has his own TV show52. Dr. Petrels _______, so he is called a singing doctor.A. has been a doctor for ten yearsB. always loved to singC. is popular with his patientsD. also sings to his patients on TV53. In his TV show, Dr. Petrel _______.A. sings and gives medical adviceB. sings about different diseasesC. starts to explain diseases with a songD. sings love songs he wrote54. Dr. Petrels’ show is popular _______.A. in Las VegasB. at medical schoolC. with people who like his singingD. with patients in Montreal55. Dr. Petrels says he likes to _______.A. help people singB. make people feel betterC. do the same thingD. make difficult people smileⅣ. Words spelling〔1′×10〕1.Don’t play by the river in case you fall in and d_______.2.The dog b_____ him and made his hand bleed.3.The police are questioning the drivers who may have w______ the accident.4.Soon an a________ came and took her to the hospital as quickly as possible.5.Don’t worry about me. I’ve just got a s______ toothache.6.He c______ (哽住,使窒息)to death on a fish bone.7.The driver was still c_______ (有知觉的) when the doctor reached the sceneof the accident.8.The child fell to the ground and started s________ (尖叫).9. There was a s_______ (突然的) change in the weather in the afternoon.10. The only e_____________ (解释)for his behavior is that he’s mad..Ⅴ. Complete sentences.〔1′×15〕1. 群众陷入恐慌状态。
最新高二英语(上)周周练 答案资料

高二(上)英语周周练答案A篇21-24 AADB B篇25.B 26.B 27.DC篇28.B 29.C 30.A 31.BD篇32.B 33.C 34.A 35.D七选五36.C 37.F 38.A 39.E 40.D41-45BCADC 46-50CDABC 51-55CABCD 56-60BACBA语法填空参考答案:61.worse 62.problems 63.asleep 64.surprising65.unhappy 66.following 67.Using 68.it 69.to go 70.before改错51. ..., our class have a ... have → had52. ... celebrations to welcoming ... welcoming → welcome53. ... teachers or students. or → and54. ... an wonderful opportunity ... an → a55. ... meet new friends ... new → old56. ... photos for the school, ... for → of57. ... put them up ... 去掉them58. ... at the photo ... photo → photos59. ... would popular ... popular前加be60. ... the days when ... when → that或去掉whenHi Worried,I'm sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to go wrong, so you don't have to worry much. The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say an ything you’ll regret. Here are three useful tips:For a start, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. Besides the first mentioned, going outdoors and playing team games with your friends will be effective ways to get rid of anger as well .Last but not least, remain optimistic about your future. Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in keeping up your spirits.I hope you'll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.Yours,Jamie三年级音乐上册自助学习任务单《森林水车》学校:____班级:___姓名:___。
高二英语上学期第13周试题

四川省宜宾市一中高2015级2016—2017学年上期第13周英语试题一.填入正确的连接词1. It is difficult for us to imagine life was like for slaves in the ancient world.2. The famous scientist has been working hard since childhood. Thatis he has gained so many achievements.3. --- Have you finished the book?--- No. I've read up to the children discover the secret cave.4. One reason for her preference for city life is she can haveeasy access to places like shops and restaurants.5. --- I told you that he would come to see you.--- Actually I had little doubt it was true.6. --- Are you firmly against any independence move by Taiwan?--- Of course. That is our basic interest lies.7. We've offered her the job, but I don't know she'll accept it.8. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield,was it was rather closely modeled on his own life.9. The best moment for the football star was he scored the winninggoal.10. News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admittedto Beijing University.11. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searchedfor he could find about Mark Twain.12. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have totalbelief you are better than anyone else on the sports field.13. Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain,but it was probably around 1565.14. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.15. --- Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?--- Yeah, but I have no idea he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.二、单项选择1. I made a promise to myself this year, my first year in highschool, would be different.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. how2. The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becomingwarmer and warmer these years.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. though3. The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop airpollution.A. whereB. whyC. whatD. which4. To improve the quality of our products, we asked forsuggestions had used the products.A. whoeverB. whoC. whicheverD. which5. --- I wonder Mary has kept her figure after all these years.--- By working out every day.A. whereB. howC. whyD. if6. --- I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.--- That's I don't agree. You should have a more active life.A. whereB. howC. whenD. what7. It doesn't matter you pay by cash or credit card in thisstore.A. howB. whetherC. whatD. why8. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on hegoes with, whether his friends or relatives.A. whatB. whoC. howD. why9. There is clear evidence the most difficult feeling of all tointerpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that10. I'd like to start my own business—that's I'd do if I had themoney.A. whyB. whenC. whichD. what11. There is much truth in the idea kindness is usually servedby frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether12. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free tochoose suits you best.A. whateverB. whicheverC. wheneverD. wherever13. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look finein they are wearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. which14. It is still under discussion the old bus station should bereplaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whetherB. whenC. whichD. where15. makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imaginationof the writer.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which答案解析答案:what, why, where ,that, thatwhere,whether,that,when,thatwhatever,that,when,what,why1. C2. C3. B4. A5. B6. A7. B8. B9. D 10. D11. C 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. B。
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横峰中学2016-2017学年度上学期高二英语第十三周周练试卷第一节:阅读理解(每题2.5分,共10分)What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, chemistry, geology, engineering, medical or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines and products that scientists and technologists develop. New drugs, faster and safer means of transport, new s ystems of applied knowledge are some examples of this aspect of science.The second aspect is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work. What are these special methods of th inking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity — he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions, whether of pure or applied knowledge, and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies persistent and logical thought to the observations he makes. He uses the facts he observes to the full extent. For example, trained ob servers acquire a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical —he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available — and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data, which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.32. Ma ny people believe that science helps society to progress through __________.A. applied knowledgeB. more than one aspectC. technology onlyD. the use of machines33. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.B. It gives rise to interest in problem that are unexplained.C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D. It enco urages th e scientists to look for new ways of acting.34. According to the passage, a successful scientist would not __________.A. easily believe in unchecked statementsB. easily criticize others’ research workC. always use his imagination in workD. always use evidence from observation35. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modern society.C. Scientists’ way of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.第二节:七选五(每题3分,共15分)More and more bosses worldwide are expecting their workers to be good at two or even more languages. So these workers are beginning to take online language courses. Learning English online can be a satisfying and very interesting experience. _____36 ____37 There are free courses, but they usually aren’t as good as courses taken at a college or school. With a good online course you will have to pay money. And sometimes you have to also pay for books and other learning tools like DVDs or CDs.Learning English online can be very time-consuming. ____38 You will have to do the online classes, taking time out of your busy schedule. Learning a new language is a great investment of your time.A foreign language can be hard to learn, even if that learning is done online. ____39 English has a complex system of grammar rules. T hat makes it hard to learn if you’ve been out of school for a while.___40 You can do business everywhere and there will likely be people who speak the language. Before taking an English course online, you should ask yourself whether the time you will spend would be put to better use than learning something else, such as mathematics or computer education.A.It has a lot of advantages.B. They can be very expensive.C. But it also has some disadvantages.D. It can take several months or even years of practice.E. Once we have learnt English well, we’ll enjoy our life more.F. English is the official language of business around the world.G. You have to build a completely new vocabulary, as well as pronunciation and grammar.第三节:完形填空(共20小题;每题2分,共40分)I’ve come to the conclusion that I’m rubbish at saying “NO”.For example, last Sunday I was sitting at my desk alone,totally 41 in my own business, when a colleague of mine phoned and asked me to get involved in 42 with her. I found myself getting all caught up in her enthusiasm and didn’t want to 43 her.So I said “Sure,why not?” and before the call had 44, I found myself agreeing without giving any 45 whether it was worth doing.We are both window-shoppers and 46 a whole day in the street. Actually, I hardly have any time to spare because I am very busy 47 my normal job—I’ve also got a book to write,a business to 48 and a family to look after. And then there are my other projects to 49 一my voluntary work and a couple of other interesting investments that l want to 50. I’m going to have to be more ruthless and not just agree to 51 people ask me to get involved in. In other words,I’m going to have to get 52 at sayin g “NO”.Usually I hate saying “NO”,because having to disappoint someone usually 53 me. Now I realize 54 I haven’t learned to say “NO”.I’ve been feeling very 55 .We had better do what we think is right and what we are 56 to do.Sometimes it does not seem that bad to 57 others.If I focus on the things I 58 want to be involved in,I’11 reach a much higher standard and do it quite 59 . I’1l be enthusiastic and motivated and d o something that is good for everyone and everyone will be happy.It’11 b e a win-win 60 .What’s not good about that? So sometimes, we have to say “NO”.41.A. experienced B. absorbed C. concerned D. disappointed42.A. reading B. discussion C. shopping D. travel43. A. displease B. force C. support D. shock44.A. explained B. announced C. developed D. ended 45.A. thought B. suggestion C. idea D. question46.A. 1ost B. kept C. enjoyed D. wasted47.A. because of B. regardless of C. apart from D. instead of48.A. visit B. run C. suspect D. invent49.A. consider B. fetch C. catch D. enlarge50.A. take in B. work on C. turn out D. make up 51.A. something B. none C. everything D. either52.A. further B. cooler C. faster D. better53.A. attracts B. beats C. upsets D. puzzles 54.A. after B. because C. if D. although55.A .impressed B. anxious C. merciful D. depressed 56.A. 1ikely B. afraid C. willing D. proud57.A. join B. refuse C. invite D. choose58.A. highly B. hardly C. suddenly D. really.59.A .patiently B. well C. seriously D. accidentally 60.A. situation B. environment C. appearance D. Spirit第四节:语法填空(共10小题;每题2分,共20分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。