中国人民大学法律硕士复试经典试题.doc
中国人民大学法硕专业考研复试真题及答案解析
【2013年喜报】2013年育明教育学员共有9人考入中国人民大学法律硕士（非法学） 5人考入法律硕士（法学）中国人民大学法律硕士招生目录历年复试分数线2013年复试分数线2012年复试分数线2011年复试分数线【育明教育】法律硕士考研复习专家推荐用书（1）《法律硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考考试大纲》（高等教育出版社出版，主编：教育部高校学生司和教育部考试中心）（2）《法律硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考考试分析》（人大出版社出版，主编：教育部考试中心）（3）《法律硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考考试指南》（以下简称联考指南。
中国人民大学出版社出版，总主编：曾宪义）（4）法律硕士复习练习配套必备一、《法律硕士联考考试大纲配套练习》二、《全国法律硕士研究生入学联考标准化题库》三、《全国法律硕士研究生入学联考历年真题》（5）育明教育法律硕士独家内部考研精编资料及押题卷出题人，阅卷人加盟策划汇编，打造法硕最专业最精准的考研辅导资料23、可撤销的民事行为与无效民事行为的区别？（1）无效的条件不同1】无效民事行为是不附带任何条件的，不论当事人是否主张，也不论当事人是否有争议，该行为都是无效的2】可撤销的民事行为是相对无效，是有条件的无效。
当事人提出申请并经法院或仲裁机构认可是该行为无效的前提条件（2）无效的时间不同1】无效的民事行为从行为开始时起，就不发生法律效力，对当事人就没有约束力2】可撤销的民事行为在被撤销之前，已经发生了法律效力，对当事人就有了约束力，只有被撤销后，才丧失法律上效力。
当然可撤销的民事行为在撤销后具有追溯力，追溯到行为开始【注意】：根据最高人民法院《意见》，可变更或可撤销的民事行为，自行为成立时起超过1年当事人才请求变更或撤销的，人民法院不予保护。
无效的民事行为，没有这种时间限制（除斥期间）（3）主张无效的人不同1】无效的民事行为，双方当事人或与该民事行为有厉害关系的人都可以主张无效，人民法院或仲裁机构在受理案件中发现属于无效范围的，也可以主张确认其无效2】可撤销的民事行为，只有享有撤销权的当事人（通常是因该行为而蒙受不利的一方）才可主张无效，其他人不享有撤销权（在可撤销的民事行为中，如果属于部分无效的，没有被撤销的部分继续有效）24、效力待定的民事行为的概念和类型？（1）效力待定的民事行为，是指法律行为虽已成立，但是否生效尚不确定，有待享有形成权的第三人作出追认或拒绝的意思表示来使之有效或无效的法律行为，它是一种允许事后补正的法律行为（2）效力待定的法律行为的类型1】限制民事行为人能力人从事依法不能从事的法律行为2】无处分权人处分他人财产的行为3】无权代理人以他人名义从事的法律行为4】债务人擅自转让债权的行为也认为是效力待定的行为25、民事行为被确认无效或被撤销的后果？（1）民事行为被撤销或被确认无效后，都不再发生法律效力，对当事人都不由约束力（2）凡是尚未履行的。
2013年中国人民大学法学硕士研究生应用法学统考复试真题
2013年中国人民大学法学硕士研究生应用法学统考复试真题刑法学㈠刑法学复试录取详情2013年人大刑法学专业共20人进入复试，总计录取10人（2012年刑法学专业共16人进入复试，并录取10人，其中包含一名调往比较法学专业的考生，实际人数为9人），复试录取率为50.000%，复试分两组进行，每组10人。
被录取的考生的分数有390+、380+、370+、360+等，来自的院校有中国政法大学、四川大学、福州大学、福建师范大学、西南政法大学等，且被录取的考生二战的居多。
㈡刑法学复试专业笔试真题1、名词解释⑴结果加重犯；⑵危险驾驶罪；⑶假想防卫；⑷特别累犯；⑸利用影响力受贿罪2、简答题⑴简述坦白与自首的区别。
⑵简述挪用公款罪的概念和构成要件。
⑶简述敲诈勒索罪与抢劫罪的区别。
⑷简述教唆犯的刑事责任。
3、论述题试论我国刑法对死刑限制的规定。
4、案例题一监狱民警，收受其监管的多名监狱服刑人员家属财物，累计达3万余元，试对此案进行分析。
㈢刑法学专业面试题目题目：不作为、破坏交通工具罪的构成要件等。
追问：刑法和民法分别应该是什么颜色；六级分数；司考分数；为什么选人大刑法等。
随着越来越多的人加入考研大军，研究生就业问题近年来也成为热点话题。
官方发布的研究生总体就业率高达95%以上，但有的专业首次就业率甚至低至5.56%。
究竟什么才是真实的情况，也许永远也无法知道，但多几个渠道了解信息，或许能在作决定时提供帮助。
七成高校研究生就业率超95％凯程考研以"专业、负责、创新、分享"的办学理念，突出"高命中率、强时效性、全面一条龙服务"的特色，成为考研学子选择专业课辅导的首选。
10年来已有千余位考生在凯程的帮助下顺利考取全国著名高校，引发业界强烈关注。
民商法学㈠民商法学复试录取详情2013年民商法学专业共47人进入复试，复试分三组进行，并最终录取17人（2012年共36人进入复试，并最终录取20人，其中包含一名调往比较法学专业的考生，实际人数为19人），复试录取率为36.170%。
人大13年法学考研复试题目
2013年中国人民大学法学硕士研究生理论法学统考复试录取详情及复试真题法理学科目㈠法理学复试录取情况2013年人大法理学专业统考共16人进入复试，并最终录取13人（2012年12人进入复试录取9人），复试录取率为81.250%。
复试共分两组进行，每组8人。
被录取的考生有403分、382分、380分、372分、370分、362分等，来自的学校有四川农业大学、石家庄经济学院、山东师范大学、南昌大学、山东大学威海分校、华中农业大学、中南财经政法大学、西南政法大学、河北师范大学等院校。
总体来说，虽然2013年人大法学考研统考考生成绩偏高，但是2013年法理学专业可以说仍是个大年，统考录取人数较多，当然这和当年的生源比较优秀也不无关系。
其中，既有一战一次成功的，也有二战坚持努力高分录取的。
㈡法理学复试专业笔试真题1、名词解释（共5道，每道4分，共20分）⑴法的原则；⑵立法体制；⑶目的解释；⑷绝对法律关系；⑸调整性法律关系2、简答题（共4道，每道10分，共40分）⑴简述法律规范的逻辑结构。
⑵简述影响法的实施因素。
⑶简述现代法治理念的内容。
⑷简述人权的基本属性。
3、论述题（共2道，每道20分，共40分）⑴试论社会自治对法治建设的作用。
⑵试论实质推理的特点与形式。
㈢法理学专业面试题目⑴题目：我国社会主义法与国家权力的关系。
冯玉军老师又引申问了一个今年的考博题，从法理角度分析国家官员财产公示制度的区别。
又问了一个防止权力腐败的规制思路和当前法律的规定以及如何完善此类法律制度。
⑵题目：法的创制的原则。
追问的问题：①法律原则与法律原理的区别；②立法法关于法律原则的规定；③怎么理解法制统一原则。
⑶题目：法的原则的分类。
回答完试题后老师追问：就基本原则和具体原则各举一个例子。
⑷题目：社会主义法与国家权力的关系。
回答完后，面试老师展开追问了两个问题：一是问法是“理”与“力”的结合，如何理解？二是把权力关进法律制度的笼子，如何理解？中国法制史㈠法制史复试录取情况2013年法制史专业共8人进入复试，复试分一组进行，但是录取了7个，复试录取率为87.500%，也就是说复试只淘汰了一人，是个录取率非常高的专业，对于报考法制史专业的考生来说只要进入复试就意味着可以录取，这对于2013年的法制史专业考生来说确是一种幸运（2012年9人进入复试，录取6人）。
中国人民大学法律硕士近年复试试题.doc
7、谈谈你对中国法律制度的认识8、谈谈我国的市场经济和西方国家市场经济的异同9、你喜欢大城市还是小城市10、谈谈法律教育11、你为什么考法律硕士12、入学后你有什么打算13、伊拉克战争对中国法律制度有什么影响14、做自我介绍15、你怎样定义法律16、你对中国的法律体系有什么看法17、中国司法体制的运行18、中国司法改革如何进行19、你相信中国会实行法治么？为什么？（二）专业课1、中国的奴隶制五刑2、合同的分类3、民法的代理4、两大法系的区别5、刑法的效力6、香港特别行政区高度自治权的表现7、犯罪行为和犯罪结果的因果关系的唯物注意思考8、法律解释的作用9、民族自治区的自治权10、法律制定的特点11、民法的原则12、法律对人的效力13、继承法的原则14、商鞅变法的内容15、关于无因管理16、清末修律的特点17、债的分类18、中国土地法大纲的内容19、未遂犯的定义、特征20、一般累犯的构成要件21、宪法的根本法地位体现在那里（三）笔试部分题目：名词解释和简答法理1.法律规范，法律事实2.简述法律原则的概念和功能法制史1.奴隶制五刑2.简述《唐律》的结构宪法1.言论免责权2.简述我国选举制度的基本方式刑法1.结果加重犯，贪污犯2.简述犯罪中止的概念，特征，处罚原则民法1.担保物权，名誉权2.简述债的保全方式中国人民大学法律硕士考研辅导。
本人情况介绍：我是中国人民大学历史学院的一名学生，在法硕联考的时候，通过了中国人民大学初试。
就在昨天，我参加了人大法学院组织的复试。
我想以此文和大家谈一谈我备考的心得体会吧。
希望能给跨考的同学一点建议。
谈到为什么报考人大法硕，其实之间挺多周折的，一来本人想继续留在学校深造，二来想为以后的就业打基础。
其实我们学校的保研率还是很高的，只是当时我的信息比较晚，在截止期的时候才发现有相关的信息，最后只能错过了这个保研机会。
同寝室的女生出国的出国，保研的保研，工作的工作，而我依旧还得早起晚归地为这个未知的将来打拼着，心里有时候难免有些落单，但是我没有更好的办法去改变，怪也能只怪自己对周遭的信息不是很敏感。
中国人民大学法学院考研复试英语题目及答案
法理：●法与国家权力的关系●法律和社会的关系？Here giving me just minutes to say something about the relationship between law and society , I don't think I can express such a big topic clearly .so I just pick a few simple points to finish this task.Firstly, law came into being because of the needs of the humans' living .humans are regulated and safeguarded almost from a newly-born baby to one's death. Law is the outcome of the society , one of the social systems and one of the social regulations .it is closely related to the social customs ,playing a role of maintaining the existent systems and the concepts of the morals and ethics .It is the reflection of the social configuration of some society at certain times.Secondly ,law has the function of regulating the human' social life on one hand ,on the other, it can also actively lead people to tend toward the luciferous side in human nature.So ,a good law and its good effects can draw people away from evils and trespassing as much as possible, which eventually help us all to live a happy and harmonious life .Thirdly ,it is no doubt that law and society takes actions on each other . various kinds of social problems and the changes of some social notions can influence the regulations of the law including the new formation and recessions of some codes or even the constitution.Fourthly ,we should take a stand of movement to talk about anything. For the society as well as the laws in any county, they will never stay at the same level and time, and they should and they had better march on hand in hand and to most extent to be adapt with each other.●法与道德的关系When I was a middle school student, my political teacher told me that if I want to tell something about the relationship between two notions, I should either say something about the sameness and differences as well. I think this is true. So in face of this question, I will compare the sameness of the law and the morality first; and after that, I will tell the difference between the law and the morality.So now let me compare the sameness. 上层建筑――经济基础First of all, to make this point in a political way, the law and the morality are both determined by the economic foundation. So we can call that the law and the morality are both superstructure of the society and both of them play important role in the society. 道德――法Secondly, the morality contributes much to the law. For example, sometimes, the legal order should be and in reality it is kept or maintained by the morality. We can imagine that if morality is not observed, the law can be easily infringed.法――道德Now thirdly, I should say the law is very important to the morality as well. In fact, the law is determined by many factors including some morality factors. So keeping the legal order is just the proper way to keep the moral order of the society.Ok, just now, I have told your something about the sameness between the law and themorality. And now I want the reveal the differences between the two notions. In fact, there are many differentiations between the law and the morality. 形成时间Firstly, the morality emerged far earlier the law. Even in the primitive society, there was morality but the law did not emerge until the state is built in the slavery society.表现形式secondly, the form or the appearance of the law and the morality is not same. We can see that the law has the definitude form, and the effectiveness of the law is assured by the state, but the morality often has no form at all and they just has its roots in the people’heart. 作用机制And thirdly, the action mechanism of them are different. For example, the law is promised or guaranteed by the state power. But in contrast with the law, the morality has its effect only in the heart of people.调整范围And finally, as far as the regulating extension is concerned, the extension of the law is much wider than the morality. As we know, some behaviors simultaneously don’t conform to the law and the morality. So such behaviors can be regulated by the law as well as the morality. But we can see that there are some slight behaviors. They just go against the morality but not against the law. For example, some adults don’t care much about their old parents. So when such behaviors are very slight, they should just be regulated by the morality but should not be regulated by the law.Ok, that’s all for this question.司法公正与司法效率Judicial justice and the judicial efficiencyFirstly, I want to distinguish the two meanings of the judicial justice. The first o ne is the procedural justice while the other one is the substantive justice. For exampl e, the due trial process is the procedural justice while the trial result is the substanti ve justice. So what is the relationship between the judicial justice and the judicial eff iciency? Briefly speaking, the other way we consider the justice is the efficiency. The justice that is lack of efficiency is meaningless. This is just like the meaning of a pr overb that the late justice is non-justice.How to coordinate the relationship between the judicial justice and the judicial e fficiency? In my opinion, we should stick to the primary principle that the judicial j ustice has the priority over the judicial efficiency. There are several reasons. It is no doubt that the primary purpose we build up the judicial system is to protect the ri ghts of the citizens and at the same time punish what are against the judicial justice. So based on such arguments, I want to say that when judging the significance betw een the judicial justice and the judicial efficiency, we should choose the judicial justic e to be more important.But this is not to say the judicial efficiency is of no significance at all. On the c ontrary, I want to say that we should not neglect pursuing the judicial efficiency. No w let me give my reasons of this view. First of all, for the litigants in a lawsuit, in t he process of pursuing the ideal result of the litigation, their energy is limited, their money is limited, and their time is limited too. So judicial efficiency is of great impo rtance for them. It is not strange that they hope to solve their problems or the disp utes in a minute since the litigation starts. And even for the accused in the criminalprocedure, they want to finish the litigation soon because the long litigation is very p ainful for them. And the second reason the importance of judicial efficacy is that, as far as the state is concerned, as the neutral party of for example the litigation, t he judicial resource is limited too. For many years, the judicial specialists and the pr actionors have tried their best to seek some measures to solve the most judicial probl ems at the least cost. For example, take the jury system in America for example, in some complicated cases as the Simpson case in 1999, it cost the judicial resource mu ch morr than expected.So my conclusion is that we should not stick to the judicial justice only or the j udicial efficiency only. We should fully examine the self-value of either the judicial ju stice or the judicial efficiency.●程序正义与实体正义procedural justice and substantive justice●大陆法系与英美法系比较？――两大法系的区别Could you tell me something about the separation of judicial system?The term Anglo-American Law System refers to the system of law developed in Englan d and transferred to most of the English-speaking world. It is distinguished from the Contine ntal Law System used in Continental Europe, and in those nations settled by European peopl es. Both the two systems are the basis of law in most of the western world.The continental law system can be traced back to Roman law, which extended to the lim its of the Empire. It received its modern impetus from the early nineteenth-century French c odes of law created by French jurists.The differences between the two can be put as follows:Firstly, in the process of the formation of the continental law system, the jurists have played an important role, while the judges have contributed a lot in the format ion of the common law system.(法学家、法官)Secondly, I want to compare the representation of the different laws. The contin ental law system is famous for its statutory law and the common law system is famo us for its case law.（制定法、案例法）Thirdly, each system has its particular angle of view. For example, the continen tal law system pays its attention to the substantive law but the common law system pays its attention to the procedural law. The latter underlines trials、procedure、proof a nd execution.(实体法、程序法)Fourthly, the differences in composition of the two are apparent. In the Continental La w System, public law and private law are the basic classification, and the civil law are the ba sic classification, and the civil law plays an important role in it. While the basic parts of the Anglo-American Law System are common law and equity law, and public law is the key pa rt of it.（公法私法、普通法衡量法）In fact, there are many other differences between the continental law system an d the common law system. But in fact, each system has it own merits. For example, the continental law is better for its stability, and the common law is better for its flexibility. So in the development of each law system, many of the merits are introduce d into each other. And even today, when we are considering developing the judicial s ystem, investigating the particular characters of each of the judicial system is very i mportant.对司法独立有什么看法？(judicial independence/ independence of jurisdic tion)First of all, I want to say that the judicial independence is of great importance. When we are talking about the judicial independence, it is no doubt that we can all be aware of how important the law is. In fact, in the process of building the legal s ociety and the harmonious society, law is taking a great role in this process. And in order to make full use of law to rule the country, the independence of law is very i mportant. However, we can see that sometimes the ruling by law is interrupted by m uch resistance. For example, because of the political system of China, our courts are often interrupted by the People’s Congress, the government and so on.To make the meaning of judicial independence even more clearer, I have to say t hat the judicial independence in china refers to the courts’independence but not ref ers to the judges’independence. As we can see, the chief judge of our Supreme cour t is elected and appointed by the NPC(National People’s Congress), and it is regulat ed in the constitution that he has to give a report about the affairs of the court syst em annually to the NPC. And the local courts of China are functioned in a similar way. So we can see that when talking about the judicial system of China, we can no t confuse it with that of Americans.So now I want to say something about the judicial independence of America. A nd one phrase that can not be neglected here is the principle of checks and balance s. The U.S. Constitution provides for three equal and separate branches of governm ent. They are executive branch, legislative branch and the judicial branch.Each of the three branches is to some extent dependent on the other two and t here is a partial interweaving of their functions. For example, the President suggests legislations to the Congress and may veto legislations passed by the Congress; the Pr esident appoints federal judges and may grant pardons from punishment for offenses against the United States; the Congress appropriates funds for the executive branch and the judicial branch and may impeach and try members of the executive branch or the judicial branch; the courts may declare any presidential or executive action u nconstitutional and may declare Congressional legislation unconstitutional.So in a word, what I want to say at last is that when talking about the judicia l independence, we should pay attention to its particular political system as well. Onl y by this way, can we fully understand the judicial independence.中国司法制度评价（法制改革的必要性Do you think the legal system need s ome reform ? Why? ）――judicial system司法制度现状Judicature is one of the important forms of the enforcement of law. In China, th e subjects of judicature are only the court and the procuratorate. Relevently, the system of judic ature is made up of two parts: the system of people’s court and the system of the people’s procur atorate.In China, the power of judicature is divided into the powers of adjudication, powers of prosecuti on and the powers of legal supervision. The people’s court exercise the powers of adjudicatio n, and the people’s procuratorate exercises the powers of prosecution and the powers of legal su pervision.From the foundation of China, three main procedure laws were issued in succession. They are t he criminal procedure law, civil procedure law and administrative procedure law. In trial, the c ourt follows the principle of public trial, the independence of judicature, the system whereby th e second instance is final, the people’s jury system and so on.The procedure of lawsuit mainly contains the procedure of first instance, procedure of second i nstance, summary procedure, procedure for trial supervision and procedure of execution. Now, we are improving the system of evidence, procedure for review of death sentences and so o n. To view the China’s system of judicature, we may see that the legislation concerning procedu re law is in the process of further improvement, and judicial reformation is also under way.First of all, I want to explain what the judicial system is. In fact, there are two meanings of judicial system. And the difference between them is their extension. Whe n talking about the judicial system, somebody just refers to the systems that are rela ted to the nation’s judicial bodies, for example, the criminal investigating system, the prosecuting system, the trial system, the jail system and so on. The broader meanin g of the judicial system dosen’t confine into the systems relating to the judicial bodi es. They are relating the other judicial bodies as well. So we can see that these syste ms are also the judicial systems in China, for example, the lawyer’s system, the not ary system, the arbitrational system, the mediation system and so on.Since the birth of the People’s Republic of China, the judicial system have been constructed and developed greatly. And it is no doubt that the judicial system has be en playing a very important role in the society. Several tips can be taken to explain the situation. For example, as far as the criminal area is concerned, since the buildin g of the security system, the prosecution system, the People’s court system, many cri minals have been arrested and convicted, this leads not only to the punishment and t he education of the criminals, but also the protection of the due rights of the victims and the other people. Ok, let me take another example, for example, in face of the civil disputing, in the old days, people often tend to solve the problems by themselves. This may leads to some severe problems and can not settle the problems completely. But now the people have many other choices to solve such problems. As we can see from what the diverse systems I introduced just now, when a person is considering solving a problem with the other people, for example, a contract disputing, he can find lawyer to help him, he can go to the notary for help, or he can go to the court directly.So, judging from these arguments, we can safely draw a conclusion that the judicial system is very important, we need them in our daily life. But, to our disappointment, there is no doubt that there are many problems of our judicial systems correspondingly. Generally speaking, the efficiency of our judicial bodies are more or less lower than what we expect, the rights of the people are not properly and efficiently protected. For example, as far as the criminal procedure cod is concerned, some of the rights that are publicly and generally recognized all over the world are not listed in our cod. In contrast with the west developed countries, our protection for especially the accused is far behind that of those countries. In the criminal procedure, the accused does not have the right of silence, and he does not have the right to have his lawyer be present when he is questioned by the police or the prosecutors, and so on.So, I want to say, our judicial systems need some innovations indeed. And our principal for the innovation is that we should conserver what is accord with the situation of our country, and alter the systems that are not beneficial to us. So I think several tips can be conducted to improve our judicial system.Firstly, we should strive to do legal research in order to distinguish what is beneficial to us and what is harmful to us. Secondly, the practitioners must have discovered many problems of the judicial systems. So during the process of innovating the judicial system, the advices or the suggestions of them are very valuable and should be taken into account. Thirdly, there is a longer history of modern judicial system of the foreign countries, especially the developed countries. And there must be many advanced judicial systems of them. So what we should do is to learn from them and introduce whatever is beneficial to us.The reform in legal system is one of the important forms of law development. It means reformin g from the content to the form of law, from the enactment to the enforcement of law, to meet th e needs of changing society. Here, I just want to talk about the characteristics and reasons of th e reform in legal system.The initial aim of the reform in legal system is mainly to establish an efficient and coordinated l egal system. So, its tasks are to create some branches of law, draw up new laws, and abandon o r modify some old laws. For example, during the process of reformation, China has created the economic law, the business law , the environmental law, and so on. In more than 2000 laws a nd regulations issued from 1949 to 1979 , half of them were abandoned, one fourth were modifi ed, and one fourth keep valid.With the improvement of the legal system, people pay more attention to the effect of law. First, p eople are more concerned with the operation of law in legislation. Second, the reform in the syst em of judicature is put on the agenda. Third, the improvement of the supervisory system of law i s paid more attention. In short, in this stage, the core of reformation is to improve the operating system of law.But, what’s the ultimate goal of our reform? I think it is to realize rule by law. Meanwhile, to pr otect the rights of citizen is also its mission.As we see, the reform in legal system is always accompanied by other social reforms. It’s one of the characteristics of the reform in legal system. Besides the inner conflict between laws, the reform in economic system and political system are the impetus of reform in legal system.Only if the law adapts the development of society, it could bring its functions into play. But ,th e reform may be a long process, and we look forward to the coming of a society ruled by law.●法治――constitutionality/ rule by law/ government by lawFirst of all, I want to explain what is the “rule of law”. Simply speaking, “rul e of law”means that administer a country or manage the state affairs by law. The “rule of law”has many characteristics:Firstly, the legislative body should make the law open and definite. That means that since the born of law, it should be known to all the citizens and the meaning of the law should be apparent.Secondly, the judicial power of a country should be neutral and independent. T hat means that, for example, the judges be neutral to the litigants and the judges ar e only responsible to the law but not to anyone else.Thirdly, there should be several systems to safeguard the neutrality ant the inde pendence of law. This is very important. As a matter of fact, in some so-called the “rule of law countries”, there does exist a system of laws. But because of lack of s ome necessary surveillance, the neutrality and the independence of law of these count ries are often interrupted or even destroyed.In fact, there are many other characteristics of the “rule of law”. For exampl e, the power of the government should be strictly restricted by law and the right of the citizens should be properly protected by the law. And now, I want to turn this t opic to another word which is very similar to the “rule of law”. In Chinese, the t wo words share the same pronunciation:法制、法治. And in fact, the two words were often misused in China years ago. However, the two words are totally different from each other. I think the “legal system”refers to a system composed of a series of elements of legal issues.Now, China is undergoing a great project of building a “rule of law”country. And I think it is the basis for building up a state of socialist legal system to adminis ter the country according to law. Actually speaking, in face of the great goal, there must be much resistance before us. But I think, no matter how difficult it is, it is n o doubt that we will achieve this exciting goal.●对民主的认识――democracyAt first, I want to say that it is very hard to make a precise definition of what democracy is. In fact, even the textbooks have different views about this definition. But generally speaking, the opposite word of the democracy is the “dictatorship”. Ok, when asked my opinion about the democracy, I want to generalize some characters of democracy and contrast it with its opposite word, dictatorship.国家的一切权力归属于人民So the first character of democracy I want to say is that the state power is fundamentally attached with the people. In the feudalistic soci ety, the emperor or the king often proclaimed that his power was granted by the go d or the supernatural power, so the people or the citizens were to be ruled naturally. But in the modern democratic society, it is accepted that what the emperor or the king have said before is absurd. Now we believe that only the people have the state power to govern ourselves.政府权力必须是有限的，受到有效约束的The second character of democracy is th at the state power is limited and it should be restricted. We can easily imagine that if the state power is very powerful and not restricted, what will happen? It is no do ubt that the due rights of the people are prone to be easily infringed. And the unres tricted power will even lead to dictatorship. So restricting the state power is very im portant.民主的权力自身要有约束,公民享有平等参与政治生活的权利和自由The third char acter of democracy is that the democracy itself should be restricted. It is emphasized that that the citizens have the equal political rights. So we can see that the citizens have the equal rights to vote, and they have the equal rights to select the figures th ey like to be the leaders, and they have the rights to be equally protected by the la w or the state power.少数服从多数，多数尊重和保护少数的民主决策原则The last character of democ racy I want to say is that it has a very important principle. That is the minority sh ould submit to the majority, and the majority should respect and protect the minorit y. I think democracy does not mean that the people should have the same opinions o f all the issues. And that is impossible. So at this situation, this principle is very imp ortant, not only the rights of the majority are realized, but the rights of the minorit y are also protected.Do you think that states has the right to take citizens' lives?死刑存废问题There has been such a long time for the discussion of the abolition of death penalty since the great Italy criminal expert Beccates brought up his clear objection of death penalty in 18TH Century .As a whole ,it is predominate that more people think the country has no right of taking citizens' lives .As for me ,I am also in favor of this opinion. Firstly, the right of being alive is the basic and most important one to a person and also the whole country. As it is so- called “natural right”, I don't think the country has the right of disposing the natural right .In addition, citizens' live is the basic part of a country .No citizen' live, no country !Secondly, as we all know, the country is shaped by the giving away of citizens' public right ,so no doubt thatcitizens are the owners of the country and the country has no right of taking the owners' lives .Thirdly, from the origin of the country ,we can conclude that the country has the obligation of defending its citizens' lives .In a word, theoretically, the country has no right of taking citizens' lives.However, there are some cases that one person takes another' live .In this condition, as a solution to this problem and also a way of stabilizing the society ,I think it is sometimes necessary for the country to take one's live as a punishment .And we can see there are always mixed factors for the a country's criminal sys tem ;especially whether we should take the death penalty into consideration .We shou ld realize that the factors such as the cultural background . the history . the conscio usness of the citizens'.the safety condition .the influence of a case and so on are so d ifferent from one country to another .The most important thing is to take the most s uitable measure for its own country ,that is to mean do what is consistent with the s ituation of a country .In a word ,since the fact is complicated ,we should compromis e before the reality although to some extent we admit that the death penalty should be abolished theoretically .For example , based on the situation of China in the recen t years, I don't think it is the right period for the criminal system to abolish the de ath penalty.●对现行民法体系的看法？――civil law systemAbout the system of China’s civil code, there are three standpoints in the field of the scie nce of civil law. They are idealism, romanticism and realism. The idealism holds the Roman law in esteem, aiming to promote the status of personal law. The romanticism advocates t o draw up a loose civil code. While the realism stresses to respect the custom of our legal syst em, preferring the system from overall to fraction.But about the concrete design of civil code, though there are many suggestions, most sch olars choose the stand of realism. For example, some scholars think the civil code should con tain six parts as follows: the general principle, personal rights, real rights, intellectual right s, rights of inheritance, creditor’s rights. Some scholars deem the civil code should contain se ven parts, as follows: the general principle, real rights, creditor’s rights, rights of relative, ri ghts of inheritance, intellectual rights and torts.The views above have some resemblances in content, but also have many differences. Th e question is why they all choose realism in the design of the system of civil code. In fact, ther e are two style about the system of civil code. One is the style of Roman, accepted by Franc e, Italy and so on. The other is the style of Germany , accepted by Germany and its follower s. From the reform in legal system in the late Qing Dynasty, we have accepted the style of Ge rman’s system of civil code and its concepts, principles, institutions and theoretical system. T he arrangement of chapters and sections, concepts we are using and system of civil rights in t he general principles of civil law in force, apparently drawn lessons from German’s civil cod e. So, it is not surprise that so many scholars choose the realism.●对我国法律体系的看法――law systemFirst of all, let me try to explain what the law system is. Generally speaking, the l aw system refers to the inner structure of the law. The overall law can by divided i nto many different branches. And I think the law system is like a pyramid. Each br anch of law locates at different levels of the pyramid owing to their different effectiv eness. So we can see that the constitution is at the top of the pyramid. And we can see that because of the lower effectiveness, there are many branches of law under th e constitution.In China, there are four levels of laws in the law pyramid. As I have said just no w, the top level belongs to the constitution. There are several basic laws lying in the second level of the pyramid. They are the subsidiary branch of the constitution. Thi s group of basic laws are the criminal law, the administrative law, the civil law, the litigation law, the economic law, the marriage law and the labor law. And the laws o f the third level of pyramid are the subsidiary branch of the second level, for examp le, the intellectual property law. Correspondingly, the laws of the fourth level of the pyramid are the subsidiary department of the third level, for example, the copyright law.One point that I want to mention here is that the law system has a character of unification. For example they are located systematically like a pyramid. And it has a nother character: alternation. They are both the inner characters of the law system. As the society atmosphere changes, the law system will change too. For example, whe n a new country is built, the law system may change correspondingly. So, one famou s political phrase can be used here. That is: The superstructure is determined by the economic foundation.The system of the science of law is an interrelated entirety made up of many branches of the sci ence of law. As a theoretical system, it is changing with the legal theory and practice of law. To specialize the research, people divide the system of the science of law into many concrete bra nches according to certain criterions. But because of different angle of observation and researc h, the division varies from person to person. On the whole, criterions are mainly following: taki ng the object of research as criterion, the system is divided into the science of Constitution, the s cience of penal law, the science of civil law and so on; taking the level of research as criterion, i t is divided into the science of theoretical law and the science of applied law. The other criterion s are the scope of research, the method of research and so on. But to evaluate if such division i s scientific, two factors should be considered. The first is whether the division accords with the r eal appearance of the science of law. The second and more important is whether the division ac cords with logical rules.In china, the division of the science of law shows a complicated picture. Some scholars divided i t into five classes. They are the science of theoretical law , the science of applied law, the scienc e of the history of law, the science of domestic law, the science of international law. Some schol ars divided it into six classes. They are the science of theoretical law , the science of the branc h of law, the science of the history of law, the science of legislation, the science of internationa l law and the science of marginal law.The phenomenon of the science of law has complicated relations, so it is difficult to find a divisi。
法硕复试题目及答案汇总
法硕复试题目及答案汇总一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 根据《中华人民共和国宪法》规定，我国的国家机构实行什么原则？A. 民主集中制B. 人民代表制C. 行政首长负责制D. 集体领导制答案：A2. 我国《刑法》规定的刑罚种类包括哪些？A. 主刑和附加刑B. 罚金和没收财产C. 有期徒刑和无期徒刑D. 死刑和拘役答案：A3. 下列哪项不是我国《民法典》规定的民事权利？A. 财产权B. 债权C. 知识产权D. 行政权答案：D4. 根据《中华人民共和国合同法》，下列哪项不是合同成立的要件？A. 主体资格B. 意思表示真实C. 合同标的明确D. 合同形式合法答案：D5. 我国《行政诉讼法》规定，行政诉讼的被告是？A. 行政行为的相对人B. 行政行为的作出机关C. 行政行为的执行机关D. 行政行为的监督机关答案：B6. 根据《中华人民共和国公司法》，公司股东的权利不包括以下哪项？A. 表决权B. 选举权C. 优先购买权D. 经营权答案：D7. 我国《婚姻法》规定，夫妻在婚姻关系存续期间的共同财产包括哪些？A. 工资、奖金B. 继承或赠与所得的财产C. 知识产权的收益D. 所有个人财产答案：A8. 根据《中华人民共和国著作权法》，下列哪项不属于著作权保护的范围？A. 文字作品B. 音乐作品C. 计算机软件D. 时事新闻答案：D9. 我国《继承法》规定，下列哪项不是法定继承的顺序？A. 第一顺序：配偶、子女、父母B. 第二顺序：兄弟姐妹、祖父母、外祖父母C. 第三顺序：其他近亲属D. 第四顺序：远房亲戚答案：D10. 根据《中华人民共和国劳动法》，劳动者在什么情况下可以解除劳动合同？A. 用人单位未按照约定支付劳动报酬B. 劳动者自愿辞职C. 劳动者被开除D. 用人单位违法解除劳动合同答案：A二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 我国《刑法》规定的主刑包括以下哪些？A. 管制B. 拘役C. 有期徒刑D. 无期徒刑E. 死刑答案：B, C, D, E2. 根据《中华人民共和国合同法》，合同无效的情形包括哪些？A. 合同主体资格不符合法律规定B. 合同内容违反法律、行政法规的强制性规定C. 合同当事人意思表示不真实D. 合同形式不符合法律规定E. 合同标的不明确答案：A, B, C3. 我国《民法典》规定的民事责任包括以下哪些？A. 停止侵害B. 排除妨碍C. 消除危险D. 恢复原状E. 赔偿损失答案：A, B, C, D, E4. 根据《中华人民共和国公司法》，公司股东的权利包括以下哪些？A. 选举权B. 表决权C. 优先购买权D. 知情权E. 经营权答案：A, B, C, D5. 我国《婚姻法》规定的夫妻共同财产包括以下哪些？A. 工资、奖金B. 继承或赠与所得的财产C. 知识产权的收益D. 个人财产E. 夫妻共同投资所得答案：A, B, C, E三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. 简述《中华人民共和国宪法》规定的公民的基本权利有哪些？答案：公民的基本权利包括但不限于：言论自由、出版自由、集会自由、结社自由、游行示威自由、宗教信仰自由、人身自由、住宅不受侵犯、通信自由和通信秘密、财产权、劳动权、受教育权、选举权和被选举权等。
中国人民大学法律硕士近年复试试题--英语
中国人民大学法律硕士近年复试试题--英语英语1、你对死刑的看法2、谈谈你对恐怖注意的看法3、你想当律师还是法官，为什么4、你为什么选择人大5、简单介绍一下中国的司法体制6、你被录取后有什么打算7、谈谈你对中国法律制度的认识8、谈谈我国的市场经济和西方国家市场经济的异同9、你喜欢大城市还是小城市10、谈谈法律教育11、你为什么考法律硕士12、入学后你有什么打算13、伊拉克战争对中国法律制度有什么影响14、做自我介绍15、你怎样定义法律16、你对中国的法律体系有什么看法17、中国司法体制的运行18、中国司法改革如何进行19、你相信中国会实行法治么？为什么？凯程法硕优势：凯程法硕辅导经验丰富，每年都有大量学员考取北大、清华、人大、中国政法、贸大、中财、北师大、中央民族大学、社科院、北京青年政治学院等院校，在凯程官方网站有他们的经验谈视频，同学们可以查看，相信他们的经验对每位同学都有很大的帮助。
对法硕参考书、就业、择校、分数线、备考指导等不清楚的同学，可以查看凯程的官方网站，可以联系咨询老师，为同学们详细解答。
凯程法硕成功学员经验谈视频：很多机构说自己考了多少人，亮出来多少经验谈，但是几乎没有机构把自己学员的经验谈视频亮出来，凯程有实力把凯程学员部分学员视频经验谈亮出来，体现凯程的绝对优势。
详细请查看凯程官方网站法硕栏目。
凯程简介：凯程考研以"专业、负责、创新、分享"的办学理念，突出"高命中率、强时效性、全面一条龙服务"的特色，成为考研学子选择专业课辅导的首选。
11年来已有千余位考生在凯程的帮助下顺利考取北大、清华、人大、北师大、中传等全国著名高校，引发业界强烈关注。
凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直致力于高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、索玉柱教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
中国人民大学法律硕士复试题目
中国人民大学法律硕士复试题目（一）英语1、你对死刑的看法2、谈谈你对恐怖注意的看法3、你想当律师还是法官，为什么4、你为什么选择人大5、简单介绍一下中国的司法体制6、你被录取后有什么打算7、谈谈你对中国法律制度的认识8、谈谈我国的市场经济和西方国家市场经济的异同9、你喜欢大城市还是小城市10、谈谈法律教育11、你为什么考法律硕士12、入学后你有什么打算13、伊拉克战争对中国法律制度有什么影响14、做自我介绍15、你怎样定义法律16、你对中国的法律体系有什么看法17、中国司法体制的运行18、中国司法改革如何进行19、你相信中国会实行法治么？为什么？（二）专业课1、中国的奴隶制五刑2、合同的分类3、民法的代理4、两大法系的区别5、刑法的效力6、香港特别行政区高度自治权的表现7、犯罪行为和犯罪结果的因果关系的唯物注意思考8、法律解释的作用9、民族自治区的自治权10、法律制定的特点11、民法的原则12、法律对人的效力13、继承法的原则14、商鞅变法的内容15、关于无因管理16、清末修律的特点17、债的分类18、中国土地法大纲的内容19、未遂犯的定义、特征20、一般累犯的构成要件21、宪法的根本法地位体现在那里（三）笔试部分题目：名词解释和简答法理1，法律规范，法律事实2，简述法律原则的概念和功能法制史1.奴隶制五刑2.简述《唐律》的结构宪法1.言论免责权2.简述我国选举制度的基本方式刑法1.结果加重犯，贪污犯2.简述犯罪中止的概念，特征，处罚原则民法1.担保物权，名誉权2.简述债的保全方式09人大复试题目9o3A3O6^.M*t4L.R(u/h英语-听力不难用心差不多都能搞定，我自己考时出了点小差错:椅子坏了老师不理还好后来老师允许换了！口语面试题目我抽的是：whatdoyouthinkofwelfaresociety我就瞎说什么我们要建造和谐社会，所以福利社会也是应有之义，政府应该如何如何，企业应该如何，社会应该如何，再扯了下金融危机之下构造这一社会的重要性及重大意义等等。
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（一)英语你对死刑的看法2、谈谈你对恐怖注意的看法3、你想当律师还是法官,为什么4、你为什么选择人大5、简单介绍一下中国的司法体制6、你被录取后有什么打算7、谈谈你对中国法律制度的认识8、谈谈我国的市场经济和西方国家市场经济的异同9、你喜欢大城市还是小城市10、谈谈法律教育１1、你为什么考法律硕士１2、入学后你有什么打算1３、伊拉克战争对中国法律制度有什么影响14、做自我介绍1５、你怎样定义法律1６、你对中国的法律体系有什么看法１7、中国司法体制的运行１8、中国司法改革如何进行19、你相信中国会实行法治么?为什么?(二)专业课中国的奴隶制五刑2、合同的分类3、民法的代理4、两大法系的区别5、刑法的效力6、香港特别行政区高度自治权的表现7、犯罪行为和犯罪结果的因果关系的唯物注意思考８、法律解释的作用
９、民族自治区的自治权10、法律制定的特点１１、民法的原则１2、法律对人的效力1３、继承法的原则1４、商鞅变法的内容15、关于无因管理１6、清末修律的特点1７、债的分类18、中国土地法大纲的内容19、未遂犯的定义、特征20、一般累犯的构成要件2１、宪法的根本法地位体现在那里(三）笔试部分题目：名词解释和简答法理1,法律规范,法律事实2，简述法律原则的概念和功能法制史1.奴隶制五刑2．简述《唐律》的结构宪法1．言论免责权2．简述我国选举制度的基本方式刑法1．结果加重犯，贪污犯2.简述犯罪中止的概念,特征，处罚原则民法1.担保物权，名誉权2.简述债的保全方式１2
人大法学院为社会主义法制建设培养了大批优秀的法律人才,并为法学事业的振兴和繁荣做出了重大贡献。
在教育部2０04、２0０９年两次正式公布的全国一级学科评估排名中，中国人民大学法学院在全国法学学科中均排名第一，并开始跻身于世界一流法学院行列。
如果考生能成功进入人大,也就步入了一个辉煌的人生殿堂，这对于顺利完成学业、丰富专业知识、规划人生发展、选择未来道路等方面有着至关重要的作用。
ﻭﻭﻪﻭﻭ一、中国人民大学法律硕士复试解读：ﻭ
复试内容各校有别
ﻭ
法律硕士复试内容各招生学校不太一样，有的学校复试时重点考查专业课，有的学校则考查逻辑、语文等。
如有些学校的法律硕士复试非常看重考生的语文能力，可能会让考生翻译一段文言文，或写一篇议论文等。
ﻪﻭﻭ人大法律硕士的复试内容包括专业综合课笔试、英语水平测试、专业课和综合素质面试等三部分,其中，专业综合课笔试科目为:民法、刑法、法学基础理论、宪法、中国法制史。
满分为１00分，考试时间2小时;外语听力和口语水平测试，满分为５０分(听力为20分,口语30分）。
考生以抽签方式确定复试题目,通过师生互动进行考察。
每名考生测试时间为10分钟左右;专业课和综合素质面试,满分150分，包括专业素质和能力测试和综合素质和能力测试。
ﻭ
ﻪ同等学力考生要加试刑事诉讼法、民事诉讼法等有关科目。
其中专业综合课包括民法、刑法、法学基础理论、宪法、中国法制史等内容,重点测试考生有没有系统掌握学科基本知识，检测学生是否具备继续学习深造的学科基础和潜在能力。
ﻪﻭ
ﻭ面试重知识运用能力
ﻭ人大法律硕士面试将会重点测试考生综合运用专业基本知识分析解决问题的能力,看考生是否具备继续深造的专业基础和潜力。
因此,导师比较看重考生利用专业知识分析问题、解决问题的能力,也就是对所掌握知识
的综合运用能力。
ﻭﻭ面试一般分专业面试和综合素质面试,专业面试测试内容为专业综合课，综合素质面试全面了解考生情况,了解其对专业课以外的知识技能的掌握,考查科研能力和水平。
面试老师一般每组为3—５人,考生依次按答题时限回答题签上标明的问题,全部问题回答结束后再由面试老师就题目涉及的范围
补充追问。
ﻭﻭ
复试前熟悉基本知识ﻭ
ﻭ虽然人大复试成绩在加权中只占３０%,但是综合素质测试、专业课笔试等单项必须合格,如果有单项不合格，总分再高也不能被录取。
因此，考生在复试前,对专业课基础知识和基本内容再次熟悉是有必要的。
同时要注意准备一些案例分析题。
ﻭ
ﻪﻭ二、复试备考建议：ﻭﻭ
ﻪ首先,要好好准备一下英语口语和听力,提前准备会为顺利通过复试打下良好的基础。
因为人大的复试考试中口语很难,多看些法律专业英语书籍,记一些法律术语的英语表达是很有必要的。
人大的口语考试是没有准备时间的,进去后抽一道题目,马上就要作答。
所以最重要的是保持一个平稳的心态,因为题目都比较难，所以考生没必要担心别人发挥的很好自己却没发挥出水平。
在一个平稳的心态下尽可能的多表达是通过的关键。
老师一般不会难为大家，即使题目很难答不上来老师也会给相应的提示，或是另出一道题目让你作答。
最忌讳的是出现思维停滞，卡在那里，表达不出来。
听力也是要准备的,但听力的难度没口语那么高，不必为听力花费太多时间。
准备内容为六级英语考试的听力材料就可以了，因为难度没有六级考试难。
英语口语和听力的分数之和要达到30
分以上,否则无法通过复试。
专业课复试范围与初试一样。
还需多看几遍指南或分析，相信大家经过初试的考验会对里面的内容有
一定的印象。
ﻪﻭ最后，提醒大家的是:不要因为自己感觉初试考的不好就不去准备复试了，很多参加复试的同学都是感觉自己初试没发挥好，根本就没有准备复试，结果大家可想而知。
尽可能的都去准备,考试是一个包含了很多偶然因素的过程，我们所要做的就是把这种偶然
尽可能的降低。
ﻪﻭﻭﻪ预祝2０１１年考生在中国人民大学法律硕士专业复试中取得理想成绩,顺利实现
读研的梦想！
ﻪ12
人民大学法硕复试试题(一)英语１、你对死刑的看法2、谈谈你对恐怖注意的看法３、你想当律师还是法官，为什么４、你为什么选择人大5、简单介绍一下中国的司法体制6、你被录取后有什么打算7、谈谈你对中国法律制度的认识8、谈谈我国的市场经济和西方国家市场经济的异同９、你喜欢大城市还是小城市1０、谈谈法律教育1１、你为什么考法律硕士12、入学后你有什么打算１3、伊拉克战争对中国法律制度有什么影响1４、做自我介绍1５、你怎样定义法律16、你对中国的法律体系有什么看法17、中国司法体制的运行1８、中国司法改革如何进行19、你相信中国会实行法治么?为什么？(二)专业课1、中国的奴隶制五刑2、合同的分类3、民法的代理４、两大法系的区别5、刑法的效力6、香港特别行政区高度自治权的表现７、犯罪行为和犯罪结果的因果关系
的唯物注意思考8、法律解释的作用9、民族自治区的自治权1０、法律制定的特点11、民法的原则１2、法律对人的效力1３、继承法的原则1４、商鞅变法的内容15、关于无因管理1６、清末修律的特点１7、债的分类18、中国土地法大纲的内容19、未遂犯的定义、特征2０、一般累犯的构成要件2１、宪法的根本法地位体现在那里（三)笔试部分题目:名词解释和简答法理1,法律规范,法律事实2，简述法律原则的概念和功能法制史1.奴隶制五刑2.简述《唐律》的结构宪法1.言论免责权2.简述我国选举制度的基本方式刑法１．结果加重犯，贪污犯2.简述犯罪中止的概念，特征,处罚原则民法1．担保物
12
权,名誉权2.简述债的保全方式ﻪﻭ。