SAT II物理考试常用术语词汇Physics Glossary

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IB物理词汇

I B物理词汇(总16页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Physics Glossary IntroductionAabsolute zero 绝对零度absorb 吸收acceleration 加速度action 作用、行为accuracy 准确性（度）addition 增加、加法air resistance 空气阻力ammeter 电流表、安培计Ampere 安培（电流强度单位）amplitude 振幅angle 角度angular displacement 角位移antinode 波腹area 面积atom 原子atmospheric pressure 大气压强attract 吸引average 平均的、平均数Avogadro's number 阿伏加德罗常数Bbalance 平衡barometer 气压计battery 电池bimetallic strip 双金属片boiling point 沸点Brownian motion 布朗运动boiling point 沸点Boyle’s law 玻意尔定律buoyant force/ bouyancy 浮力bubble 气泡、冒泡Ccalorie 卡路里capacity 能力、容量Celsius Scale 摄氏温标centimetre / centimeter 厘米centre 中心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质心centripetal force 向心力changes of state 物态变化Charles’ law 查理定律circular motion 圆周运动coal 煤collision 碰撞compression 压缩conduction 热传导conductor 导体container 容器convection 热对流conservation 守恒、保护constant 常数、恒定的Coulomb 库仑crack 破裂、裂缝crystal 晶体、水晶的current 流通、电流Ddamping 阻尼、减幅decay 衰减、衰变deceleration 减速、反向加速度decimal places/ points 小数位、小数点decimeter 分米decrease 减少（量）degree 度、等级、程度density 密度depth 深度diameter 直径diffraction 衍射diffusion 扩散、弥散direct current 直流direction 方向dispersion 色散、散布distance 距离displacement 位移distance 距离Doppler effect 多普勒效应dynamics 动力学Eecho 回声efficiency 效率、功效elastic collision 弹性碰撞electric charge 电荷electric potential 电势electric field 电场electricity 电流electron-volt 电子伏electromotive force 电动势energy 能量kinetic energy 动能thermal energy 热能solar energy 太阳能potential energy 势能wave energy 波能、海浪能 nuclear energy 核能wind energy 风能chemical energy 化学能mechanical energy 机械能equilibrium 平衡evaporate 蒸发、挥发evaporation 蒸发expand 膨胀、扩张thermal expansion 热膨胀explosion 爆炸experiment 实验Ffield 场field strength 场强度first law of thermal dynamics 热力学第一定律flux 流量、流出force 力external force 外力internal force 内力net force/ resultant force 合力normal force 法向力、支持力drag force 牵引阻力、拖曳力frame of reference 参照系free body diagram 受力分析图free electrons 自由电子free fall 自由下落freezing point 凝固点frequency 频率friction 摩擦力fuel 燃料fossil fuel 化石燃料nuclear fuel 核燃料fundamental units 基本单位frozen 冻结的fuse 熔化、融合fusion 熔化（n.）Ggalaxy 星系gas law 气体定律gaseous 气态的global warming 全球暖化gradient 斜率、坡度gram 克（质量单位）gravitational force/gravity 重力、地球引力gravity 重力、地球引力gravitational potential 重力势greenhouse effect 温室效应Hhalf-life 半衰期heat 热（特指吸收的热量）height 高度hertz 赫兹（频率单位）Hooke's law 胡克定律horizontal 水平的、横向的Iideal gas 理想气体impulse 冲量inertia 惯性infrared 红外线internal 内在的、内部的instantaneous 瞬时的insulator 绝缘体intensity 强度isolated system 孤立（隔离）系统isobaric 等压线、等压的isochoric 等体积的isothermal 等温线、等温的isotopesJjoule 焦耳KKelvin Scale 开氏温标、绝对温标kilogram 千克kilometer 千米kilowatt 千瓦kinematics 运动学kinetic energy 动能kinetic theory of gas 气体分子运动论Llaser 激光latent heat 潜热law 定律length 长度lens 透镜light year 光年linear 线性的、直线的liquid 液体liquefy 液化 (v.) liquefaction 液化（n.）load 负载、装载longitudinal wave 纵波Mmagnetic field 磁场magnet 磁体、磁铁mass 质量matter 物质magnitude 大小、量级measurement 测量、量度melt 熔化、融化melting point 熔点mercury barometer 水银气压计micrometer 微米micrometer screw gauge 千分尺、螺旋测微计microscope 显微镜microwave 微波milliampere 毫安milligram 毫克millimeter 毫米milliliter 毫升model 模型、建模mole 摩尔momentum 动量Nnegative 负的、负数neutral 中性的neutron 中子Newton’s laws of motion 牛顿运动定律node 节点、波结normal 法线、垂直的normal force 正压力、法向力nuclear 原子核的nuclear fusion 核聚变nuclear fission 核裂变nuclear fuels 核燃料Nucleus 原子核Oohm 欧姆Ohmic conductor 欧姆导体orbit 轨道oscillation 振荡、振动PPascal 帕斯卡particle 粒子、微粒pendulum 摆period 周期phase 相、位相phase angle 相位角phase difference 相位差photo gate 光电门photon 光子piston 活塞plasma 等离子态potential divider 分压器power 功率output power 输出功率input power 输入功率precision 精密度pressure 压强principle 原理principle of conservation of momentum 动量守恒原理principle of conservation of energy 能量守恒原理proportional 比例be directly proportional to 成正比例be inversely proportional to 成反比例proton 质子Qquantity 量、数量quantum 量子Rradiation 辐射radio wave 无线电波ray 射线、光线reaction 反作用、反应red shift 红移reflection 反射refraction 折射relative 相对的resistance 阻力、电阻resistivity 电阻率resistor 电阻器resolution 分辨率resonance 共振、共鸣rotation 旋转、自转Sscalar 标量scale 刻度、标度scientific notation 科学记数法series 串联的shrink 收缩SI units 国际标准单位significant figure/ digit 有效数字slope 斜率、斜坡solid 固体specific heat capacity 比热容speed 速率spring 弹簧states of matter 物态stationary 静止的、平稳的steam 蒸气stopwatch 秒表substance 物质superposition 叠加、重合Ttemperature 温度temperature scale 温标tension 拉力、张力thermal equilibrium 热平衡thermal expansion 热膨胀thermometer 温度计thermodynamics 热力学thermometer 温度计thermostat 恒温器timer 计时器total internal reflection 全反射Uuncertainty 不确定度Fractional uncertainty 相对不确定度Absolute uncertainty 绝对不确定度Percentage uncertainty 百分不确定度uniform linear motion 匀速直线运动unit 单位derived unit 导出单位fundamental unit 基本单位Vvacuum 真空vapor/ vapour （水）蒸气vaporization 蒸发、汽化（n.）vaporize 蒸发、汽化(v. )variable 变量、可变因素independent variable 自变量dependent variable 因变量controlled variable 控制变量vector 矢量velocity 速度average velocity 平均速度final velocity/ terminal velocity 末速度initial velocity 初速度instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度vibration 振动voltage 电压WWatt 瓦特work 功weight 重力wave 波。

[欣赏]sat2 phy math物理,数学的词汇表

[欣赏]sat2 phy math物理,数学的词汇表SAT2 PHY MATH物理,数学的词汇表SAT2:PHY,MATH物理，数学的词汇表(zz cuus)数学:add，plus加subtract减difference差 multiply,times乘 product积divide除divisible可被整除的 dividedevenly被整除 dividend被除数 divisor因子，除数 quotient商remainder余数 factorial阶乘 power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号 roundto四舍五入 tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集 solution set解集3. 有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项 numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数 inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式 range值域original equation原方程 equivalent equation同解方程等价方程 linear equation线性方程(e.g.5 x +6=22)4. 有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数 improper fraction假分数 mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数 complex fraction繁分数 numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母 quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数 infinite decimal无穷小数 recurring decimal循环小数 tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值 weighted average加权平均值 geometric mean 几何平均数 exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边 cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数 digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数 complementary function余函数 linear一次的，线性的 factorization因式分解 absolute value绝对值，e.g.,-32,=32 round off四舍五入6. 有关数论natural number自然数 positive number正数 negative number负数 odd integer,odd number奇数 even integer,even number偶数 integer,whole number整数 positive whole number正整数 negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数 inverse倒数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…… reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数 (prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制 nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列 geometricprogression(sequence)等比数列8. 其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向 cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的 estimation估计，近似 parentheses括号 proportion比例permutation排列 combination组合 table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角 corresponding angle同位角 vertical angle对顶角 central angle圆心角 interior angle内角 exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角 complement aryangle余角 adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角 obtuse angle钝角 right angle直角 round angle周角straight angle平角 included angle夹角2. 所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形 scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形 right triangle直角三角形 oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3. 有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆 quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形 equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形 rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4. 其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线 line segment线段 parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5. 有关立体图形 cube立方体，立方数 rectangular solid长方体 regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体 cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6. 有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长 radian弧度surface area 表面积 volume体积arm直角三角形的股 cros ssection横截面 center of acircle圆心 chord 弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线 diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面 hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线 base底边，底数(e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数)opposite直角三角形中的对边 midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点 tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7. 有关坐标coordinate system坐标系 rectangular coordinate直角坐标系 origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切 inscribe内切 intersect相交 perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的 multilateral多边的其它1. 单位类cent美分penny一美分硬币 nickel5美分硬币 dime一角硬币 dozen打(12个) score廿(20个) Centigrade摄氏 Fahrenheit华氏 quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度)squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)物理:absolute acceleration 绝对加速度 absolute error 绝对误差 absolute motion 绝对运动 absolute temperature 绝对温度 absolute velocity 绝对速度absolute zero 绝对零度 absorption 吸收absorptivity 吸收率accelerated motion 加速运动 acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration 加速度accidental error 偶然误差 acoustics 声学acting force 作用力adjustment 调节aether 以太air pump 抽气机air table 气垫桌air track 气垫导轨alternating current circuit 交流电路 alternating current generator 交流发电机alternating current 交流电 altimeter 测高仪ammeter 安培计amperemeter 电流计ampere 安培Ampere's experiment 安培实验Ampere's force 安培力Ampere's law 安培定律 amperemeter 安培计amplitude 振幅angle of rotation 自转角，转动角 angular acceleration 角加速度angular displacement 角位移 angular velocity 角速度 anion 负离子anisotropy 各向异性annihilation 湮没anode 阳极antenna 天线applied physics 应用物理学 Archimedes principle 阿基米德原理 area 面积argumentation 论证argument 辐角astigmatoscope 散光镜 atomic nucleus 原子核 atomic physics 原子物理学 atomic spectrum 原子光谱 atomic structure 原子结构 atom 原子Atwood ' s machine 阿特伍德机 average power 平均功率 averagevelocity 平均速度 Avogadro constant 阿伏加德罗常数 Avogadro law 阿伏加德罗定律 balance 天平ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计band spectrum 带状谱barometer 气压计 basic quantity 基本量 basic units 基本单位 battery charger 电池充电器 battery,accumulator 蓄电池 battery 电池组beam 光束betatron 电子感应加速器 Bohr atom model 玻尔原子模型 boiling point 沸点 boiling 沸腾bounce 反弹bound charge 束缚电荷 bound electron 束缚电子 branch circuit 支路breakdown 击穿brightness 亮度buoyancy force 浮力 calorifics 热学camera 照相机capacitance 电容 capacitor 电容器 capillarity 毛细现象 cathode ray 阴极射线 cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管 cathode 阴极cation 正离子cell 电池Celsius scale 摄氏温标 centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质心centrifugal force 离心力centripetal acceleration 向心加速度 centripetal force 向心力chain reaction 链式反应chaos 混沌characteristic spectrum 特征光谱 charged body 带电体charged particle 带电粒子 charge 充电circular hole diffraction 圆孔衍射 circular motion 圆周运动classical mechanics 经典力学 classical physics 经典物理学 cloud chamber 云室coefficient of maximum static friction 最大静摩摩系数coefficient of restitution 恢复系数 coefficient of sliding friction 滑动摩擦系数 coefficient 系数coherent light 相干光源coil 线圈collision 碰撞component force 分力component velocity 分速度 composition of forces 力的合成 composition of velocities 速度的合成 compression 压缩concave lens 凹透镜concave mirror 凹面镜concurrent force 共点力condensation 凝结condenser 电容器conducting medium 导电介质 conductor 导体conservative force field 保守力场 conservative force 保守力 constant force 恒力 constant 常量continuous spectrum 连续谱 convergent lens 会聚透镜 convex lens 凸透镜 convex mirror 凸面镜 coordinate system 坐标系 coplanar force 共面力Corolis force 科里奥利力 corpuscular property 粒子性 corpuscular theory 微粒说 Coulomb force 库仑力 coulomb 库仑Coulomb's law 库仑定律 counter 计数器creation 产生creepage 漏电crest 波峰critical angle 临界角 critical resistance 临界电阻 critical temperature 临界温度 crystal 晶体current density 电流密度 current element 电流元 current source 电流源current strength 电流强度curvilinear motion 曲线运动 cyclotron 回旋加速器 damped vibration 阻尼振动 damping 阻尼Daniell cell 丹聂耳电池 data processing 数据处理 data 数据decay 衰变definition of ampere 安培的定义 defocusing 散集density 密度derived quantity 导出量 derived unit 导出单位 dielectric 电介质diffraction pattern 衍射图样 diffraction 衍射diffuse reflection 漫反射 digital timer 数字计时器 dimensional exponent 量纲指数 dimension 量纲diode 二级管diopter 屈光度direct current, DC 直流 direct impact 正碰 direct measurement 直接测量 discharge 放电disorder 无序dispersion 色散displacement 位移divergent lens 发散透镜Doppler effect 多普勒效应double slit diffraction 双缝衍射 driving force 驱动力dry cell 干电池echo 回声eddy current 涡流effective value 有效值 elastic body 弹性体elastic force 弹,性,力 elasticity 弹性electric charge 电荷electric circuit 电路electric corona 电晕electric energy 电能electric field 电场electric field intensity 电场强度 electric field line 电场线electric flux 电通量electric leakage 漏电electric neutrality 电中性 electric potential 电位，电势 electric potential difference 电位差，电势差electric potential energy 电位能 electric power 电功率electric quantity 电量 electrification 起电electrification by friction 摩擦起电 electrified body 带电体electrode 电极electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electromagnetic damping 电磁阻尼electromagnetic induction 电磁感应 electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射 electromagnetic wave 电磁波 electromagnetic wave spectrum 电磁波谱electromagnetism induction phenomenon 电磁感应现象electromagnet 电磁体electrometer 静电计electromotive force 电动势 electron 电子electron beam 电子束electron cloud 电子云electron microscope 电子显微镜 electron volt 电子伏特electroscope 验电器electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡 electrostatic induction 静电感应electrostatic screening 静电屏蔽 elementary charge 基本电荷，元电荷energy 能量energy level 能级equilibrium 平衡equilibrium condition 平衡条件 equilibrium of forces 力的平衡equilibrium position 平衡位置 equilibrium state 平衡态 equivalent source theorem 等效电源定理 erect image 正像error 误差ether 以太evaporation 蒸发excitation 激发excitation state 激发态 experiment 实验experimental physics 实验物理学 external force 外力 eyepiece 目镜far sight 远视Faraday cylinder 法拉第圆筒 Faraday law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第电磁感应定律Faraday's law of electromagnetic induct 法拉第电磁感应定律farad 法拉(电容的单位) film interference 薄膜干涉 final velocity 末速度 first cosmic velocity 第一宇宙速度 fission 裂变fixed-axis rotation 定轴转动 flotation balance 浮力秤 fluid 流体focal length 焦距focusing 调焦，聚焦 focus 焦点force 力forced vibration 受迫振动 fractal 分形free charge 自由电荷 free electron 自由电子 free period 自由周期freezing point 凝固点frequency 频率friction force 摩擦力 fusion 聚变galvanometer 电流计 gas 气体general physics 普通物理学 generator 发电机 good conductor 良导体gravitation 引力 gravity 重力gravitational potential energy 重力势能gravity field 重力场 ground earth 接地 ground state 基态 ground wire 地线 hadron 强子half life period 半衰期 heat 热heat transfer 传热 henry 亨利hertz 赫兹(频率的单位) Hooke law 胡克定律 humidity 湿度hydrogen 氢原子 hypothesis 假设 ice point 冰点 ideal gas 理想气体image 像image distance 像距 image height 像高 imaging 成像imperfect inelastic collision 非完全弹性碰撞 impulse 冲量incident angle 入射角 incident ray 入射线indirect measurement 间接测量 induced electric current 感应电流induced electric field 感应电场 induction current 感应电流 induction electromotive force 感应电动势induction motor 感应电动机 inertia 惯性inertial force 惯性力 inertial system 惯性系 infrared ray 红外线infrasonic wave 次声波 initial phase 初位相initial velocity 初速度 input 输入instantaneous power 瞬时功率 instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度instrument 仪器insulated conductor 绝缘导体 insulating medium 绝缘介质 insulator 绝缘体intensity of sound 声强 interference 干涉interference fringe 干涉条纹 interference pattern 干涉图样interferometer 干涉仪 internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal resistance 内阻intonation 声调inverted image 倒像invisible light 不可见光ion beam 离子束ionization 电离irreversible process 不可逆过程 isobaric process 等压过程 isobar 等压线isochoric process 等体积过程 isothermal 等温线isothermal process 等温过程 isotope 同位素isotropy 各向同性joule 焦耳(功的单位)Joule heat 焦耳热Joule law 焦耳定律Joule' law 焦耳定律Kepler law 开普勒定律kinematics 运动学kinetic energy 动能Laplace's equation 拉普拉斯方程 laser 激光，激光器law 定律law of conservation of angular momentum 角动量守恒定律law of conservation of energy 能量守恒定律 law of conservation of mass 质量守恒定律 law of conservation of mechanical energy 机械能守恒定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of electric charge conservation 电荷守恒定律Le Système International d ` Unit è s 国际单位制(SI)lead 导线length 长度lens 透镜lens formula 透镜公式Lenz's law 楞次定律lepton 轻子Light ray 光线light source 光源light wave 光波lightning rod 避雷针light 光line spectrum 线状谱lines of current 电流线 lines of force of electric field 电力线liquefaction 液化liquefaction point 液化点 liquid 液体longitudinal wave 纵波loop 回路Lorentz force 洛仑兹力luminous intensity 发光强度 magnetic field 磁场magnetic field intensity 磁场强度 magnetic field line 磁场线magnetic induction flux 磁感应通量 magnetic induction 磁感应强度magnetic induction line 磁感应线magnetic material 磁性材料magnetic needle 磁针 magnetic pole 磁极magnetics 磁学magnetism 磁学magnetization 磁化magnet 磁体magnification 放大率 magnifier 放大镜，放大器 manometer 流体压强计mass 质量mass defect 质量亏损 mass-energy equation 质能方程 matter 物质matter wave 物质波Maxwell's equations 麦克斯韦方程组 mean speed 平均速率 mean velocity 平均速度 measurement 测量mechanical energy 机械能 mechanical motion 机械运动 mechanical vibration 机械振动 mechanics 力学medium 介质melting fusion 熔化 melting point 熔点metre rule 米尺microdetector 灵敏电流计 micrometer caliper 螺旋测微器 microscope 显微镜microscopic particle 微观粒子mirror reflection 镜面反射mirror 镜mixed unit system 混合单位制 modern physics 现代物理学 molar volume 摩尔体积 molecular spectrum 分子光谱 molecular structure 分子结构 moment of force 力矩 momentum of electromagnetic field 电磁场的动量momentum 动量motor 电动机multimeter 多用,电,表 musical quality 音色 N pole 北极natural frequency 固有频率 natural light 自然光 negative charge 负电荷 negative crystal 负晶体 negative ion 负离子negative plate 负极板 network 网络neutralization 中和neutron 中子newton 牛顿(力的单位) Newton first law 牛顿第一定律 Newton secondlaw 牛顿第二定律 Newton third law 牛顿第三定律 nonequilibrium state 非平衡态 north pole 北极nucleus force 核力nucleus of condensation 凝结核object 物object distance 物距object height 物高objective 物镜observation 观察Oersted's experiment 奥斯特实验 ohm 欧姆Ohm law 欧姆定律ohmmeter 欧姆计Ohm's law 欧姆定律open circuit 开路optical bench 光具座optical centre of lens 透镜光心 optical fiber 光导纤维 optical glass 光学玻璃 optical instrument 光学仪器 optical lever 光杠杆optical path difference 光程差 optical path 光程(路)optically denser medium 光密介质 optically thinner medium 光疏介质optics 光学orbit 轨道order 有序oscillograph 示波器output 输出overweight 超重parallel connection of condensers 电容器的并联parallelogram rule 平行四边形定律parallel-resonance circuit 并联谐振电路 parameter 参量particle 质点，粒子 Pascal law 帕斯卡定律 path 路程peak 峰值pendulum 摆penumbra 半影perfect conductor 理想导体 perfect elastic collision 完全弹性碰撞perfect inelastic collision 完全非弹性碰撞periodicity 周期性 period 周期periscope 潜望镜permanent magnet 永磁体 permittivity of vacuum 真空介电常数permittivity 电容率 phase 位相phenomenon 现象photocurrent 光电流 photoelectric cell 光电管 photoelectric effect 光电效应 photoelectron 光电子 photography 照相术 photon 光子physical balance 物理天平 physical quantity 物理量 physics 物理学piezometer 压强计pitch 音调Planck constant 普朗克常量plasma 等离子体point charge 点电荷 polarization 偏振 polarized light 偏振光polycrystal 多晶体 poor conductor 不良导体 positive charge 正电荷positive crystal 正晶体 positive ion 正离子 positive plate 正极板positron 正电子 potential energy 势能 potentiometer 电位差计 power 功率pressure 压强，压力 primary coil 原线圈 principle of constancy of light velocity 光速不变原理prism 棱镜projectile 抛体 projectile motion 抛体运动 projector 投影仪 proton 质子pulley 滑轮pulley block 滑轮组 quantity of heat 热量 quantization 量子化quantum 量子quantum mechanics 量子力学 quantum number 量子数 radar 雷达radioactive source 放射源radius of gyration 回旋半径 random motion 无规则运动 range 量程rated voltage 额定电压 reacting force 反作用力 real image 实像real object 实物reasoning 推理recoil 反冲rectilinear motion 直线运动 reference frame 参考系，坐标系 reference system 参考系 reflected angle 反射角 reflected ray 反射线 reflection coefficient 反射系数 reflection law 反射定律 reflectivity 反射率refracted angle 折射角 refracted ray 折射线 refraction law 折射定律refraction coefficient 折射系数 refractive index 折射率 relative acceleration 相对加速度 relative error 相对误差 relative motion 相对运动relative velocity 相对速度 relativity 相对论resistance 电阻resistance box 电阻箱 resistivity 电阻率resistor 电阻,器,resolution of force 力的分解 resolution of velocity 速度的分解resonance 共振，共鸣resonant frequency 共振频率 resultant force 合力resultant velocity 合速度 reversibility of optical path 光路可逆性reversible process 可逆过程 rheostat 变阻器right-hand screw rule 右手螺旋定则 rocker 火箭rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场 rotation 自转，转动Rutherford scattering 卢瑟福散射 Rutherford ,α-particle scattering, experiment 卢瑟福,α散射,实验S pole 南极saturation 饱和scalar 标量scalar field 标量场scanner 扫描器second cosmic velocity 第二宇宙速度 selective absorption 选择吸收self-induced electromotive force 自感电动势 self-inductance 自感self-induction phenomenon 自感系数 semiconductor 半导体semi-transparent film 半透膜 sensitive galvanometer 灵敏电流计sensitivity 灵敏度sensitometer 感光计sensor 传感器series connection of condensers 电容器的串联 series-resonancecircuit 串联谐振电路 short circuit 短路short sight 近视shunt resistor 分流电阻significant figure 有效数字 simple harmonic motion (SHM) 简谐运动simple harmonic wave 简谐波 simple pendulum 单摆single crystal(monocrystal) 单晶体 single slit diffraction 单缝衍射sinusoidal alternating current 简谐交流电 sinusoidal current 正弦式电流sliding friction 滑动摩擦 slit 狭缝solar cell 太阳能电池solenoid 螺线管solidification 凝固solidifying point 凝固点 solid 固体solution 溶液solvation 溶解sonar 声纳sound source 声源sound velocity 声速sound wave 声波sound 声,音,source 电源south pole 南极space 空间spark discharge 火花放电 special relativity 狭义相对论 specific heat capacity 比热容 spectacles 眼镜spectral analysis 光谱分析 spectral line ,光,谱线 spectrograph 摄谱仪spectrography 摄谱学 spectroscopy 光谱学spectrum 光谱speed 速率spherical mirror 球面镜 spontaneous radiation 自发辐射 spring balance 弹簧秤 stability 稳定性stabilized current supply 稳流电源 stabilized voltage supply 稳压电源 standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压standard cell 标准电池 standing wave 驻波static friction 静摩擦 stationary state 定态 steady current 恒定电流steady current source 恒流源 steady voltage source 恒压源 steam point 汽点stiffness 劲度,系数, stimulated radiation 受激辐射 stop watch 停表sublimation 升华superconductivity 超导,电,性superconductor 超导体superposition principle of electric field 电场强度叠加原理superposition theorem 叠加定律 supersaturation 过度饱和 supersonic speed 超声速 supersonic wave 超声波supply transformer 电源变压器 surface resistance 表面电阻 switch 开关system of concurrent forces 共点力系 system of particles 质点系system of units 单位制systematic error 系统误差 telescope 望远镜temperature 温度tension 张力the law of gravity 万有引力定律 theorem 原理theorem of kinetic energy 动能定理 theorem of momentum 动量定理theoretical physics 理论物理学 theory 理论thermal capacity 热容,量, thermal equilibrium 热平衡 thermal motion 热运动thermal transmission 传热 thermodynamic scale ,of temperature, 热力学温标thermodynamic temperature 热力学温度thermometer 温度计thermometric scale 温标 thermonuclear reaction 热核反应 thick lens 厚透镜thin lens 薄透镜third cosmic velocity 第三宇宙速度 three-phase alternating current 三相,交变,电流time 时间timer 定时器，计时器 torsion balance 扭秤 total reflection 全反射trajectory 轨道transformer 变压器transistor 晶体管transition 跃迁translation 平移transmission line 传输线 transmissivity 透射率 transverse wave 横波triboelectrification 摩擦起电 triode 三极管trough 波谷tuning fork 音叉turbulent flow 湍流 ultrasound wave 超声波 ultraviolet ray 紫外线umbra 本影undulatory property 波动性 uniform dielectric 均匀电介质 uniform motion 匀速运动unit 单位unit system 单位制 universal constant 普适常量 universal gravitation 万有引力 universal meter 多用,电,表 vacuum tube 真空管 vacuum 真空value of amplitude 幅值 vaporization 汽化variable 变量vector 矢量velocity of light 光速 velocity 速度verification 验证vernier 游标vernier caliper 游标卡尺 vibration 振动viewing angle 视角 viewing field 视场 virtual image 虚像 virtual object 虚物 virtual value 有效值 visibility 可见度visible light 可见光 voltage 电压voltage division circuit 分压电路 voltaic cell 伏打电池 voltmeter 伏特计voltmeter-ammeter method 伏安法 volt 伏特volume 体积vortex electric field 涡旋电场 watt 瓦特wave equation 波动方程 wave theory 波动说 wavelength 波长 wave-particle dualism 波粒二象性wave 波weight 重量weightlessness 失重 white light 白光 work 功work function 逸出功 X-ray X射线Young experiment 杨氏实验 zero line 零线α -decay α衰变α -particle α粒子α -ray α射线β -decay β衰变β -ray β射线γ -decay γ衰变γ -ray γ射线。

sat考试物理方面必备词汇

sat考试物理方面必备词汇物理是sat考试的一个难点，考生有必要在物理方面多准备一些重要的高频词汇。

为大家精心准备了sat考试物理方面必备的一些词汇，欢送大家前来阅读。

ImpulseA vector quantity defined as the product of the force acting on a body multiplied by the time interval over which the force is exerted.Incident rayWhen dealing with reflection or refraction, theincident ray is the ray of light before it strikes the reflecting or refracting surface.Inclined planeA wedge or a slide. The dynamics of objects sliding down inclined planes is a popular topic on SAT II Physics.Index of refractionThe index of refraction n = c/v of a substance characterizes the speed of light in that substance, v. It also characterizes, by way of Snell's Law, the angle at which light refracts in that substance.Induced currentThe current induced in a circuit by a change in magic flux.Inelastic collisionA collision in which momentum is conserved but kiic energy is not.InertiaThe tendency of an object to remain at a constant velocity, or its resistance to being aelerated. Newton’s First Law is alternatively called the Law of Inertia because it describes this tendency.Inertial reference frameA reference frame in which Newton’s First Law is true. Two inertial reference frames move at a constant velocity relative to one another. Aording to the first postulate of Einstein’s theory of special relativity, the laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames.Instantaneous velocityThe velocity at any given instant in time. To be contrasted with average velocity, which is a measure of the change in displacement over a given time interval.Internal energyThe energy stored in a thermodynamic system.Inversely proportionalTwo quantities are inversely proportional if an increase in one results in a proportional decrease in the other, and a decrease in one results in a proportional increase in the other. In a formula defining a certainquantity, those quantities to which it's inversely proportional will appear in the denominator.Isolated systemA system that no external force acts upon. Objects within the system may exert forces upon one another, but they cannot receive any impulse from outside forces. Momentum is conserved in isolated systems.IsotopeAtoms of the same element may have different numbers of neutrons and therefore different masses. Atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes of the same element.KelvinA scale for measuring temperature, defined such that 0K is the lowest theoretical temperature a material can have. 273K = 0oC.Kepler’s First LawThe path of each pla around the sun is an ellipse with the sun at one focus.Kepler’s Second LawIf a line is drawn from the sun to the pla, then the area swept out by this line in a given time interval is constant.Kepler’s Third LawGiven the period, T, and semimajor axis, a, of a pla’s orbit, the ratio is the same for every pla.Kinematic equationsThe five equations used to solve problems in kinematics in one dimension with uniform aeleration.KinematicsKinematics is the study and description of the motion of objects.Kiic energyEnergy associated with the state of motion. The translational kiic energy of an object is given by the equation .Kiic frictionThe force between two surfaces moving relative to one another. The frictional force is parallel to the plane of contact between the two objects and in the opposite direction of the sliding object’s motion.Kiic theory of gasesA rough approximation of how gases work, that is quite aurate in everyday conditions. Aording to the kiic theory, gases are made up of tiny, round molecules that move about in aordance with Newton’s Laws, and collide with one another and other objects elastically. We can derive the ideal gas law from the kiic theory.Magic fluxThe dot product of the area and the magic field passing through it. Graphically, it is a measure of the number and length of magic field lines passing through that area. It is measured in Webers (Wb).MagnificationThe ratio of the size of the image produced by a mirror or lens to the size of the original object. This number is negative if the image is upside-down.MagnitudeA property mon to both vectors and scalars. In the graphical representation of a vector, the vector’s magnitude is equal to the length of the arrow.Margin of errorThe amount of error that’s possible in a given measurement.MassA measurement of a body’s inertia, or resistanc e to being aelerated.Mass defectThe mass difference between a nucleus and the sum of the masses of the constituent protons and neutrons.Mass numberThe mass number, A, is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus. It is very close to the weight of that nucleus in atomic mass units.MaximaIn an interference or diffraction pattern, the places where there is the most light.Mechanical energyThe sum of a system’s potential and kiic energy. In many systems, including projectiles, pulleys, pendulums, and motion on frictionless surfaces, mechanical energy is conserved. One important type of problem in which mechanical energy is not conserved is the class of problems involving friction.MediumThe substance that is displaced as a wave propagates through it. Air is the medium for sound waves, the string is the medium of transverse waves on a string, and water is the medium for ocean waves. Note that even if the waves in a given medium travel great distances, the medium itself remains more or less in the same place.Melting pointThe temperature at which a material will change phase from solid to liquid or liquid to solid.MesonA class of elementary particle whose mass is between that of a proton and that of an electron. A mon kind of meson is the pion.Michelson-Morley experimentAn experiment in 1879 that showed that the speed of light is constant to all observers. Einstein used the results of this experiment as support for his theory of special relativity.MinimaIn an interference or diffraction pattern, the places where there is the least light.MoleThe number of hydrogen atoms in one gram of hydrogen, equal to . When counting the number of molecules in a gas, it is often convenient to count them in moles.。

常用SAT2物理测试术语

常用SAT2物理测试术语（1）SAT2物理考试中有很多专业术语词汇，三立在线教育为你带来常用SAT2物理测试术语（1），希望对你有所帮助，更多资讯请访问三立在线，专业老师为你在线解答相关疑问。

AAbsolute zeroThe lowest theoretical temperature a material can have, where the molecules that make up the material have no kinetic energy. Absolute zero is reached at 0 K or –273o C.AccelerationA vector quantity defined as the rate of change of the velocity vector with time.ActivityIn radioactive substances, the number of nuclei that decay per second. Activity, A, will be larger in large samples of radioactive material, since there will be more nuclei.Alpha decayA form of radioactive decay where a heavy element emits an alpha particle and some energy, thus transforming into a lighter, more stable, element.Alpha particleA particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons. It is identical to the nucleus of a helium atom and is ejected by heavy particles undergoing alpha decay.AmplitudeIn reference to oscillation, amplitude is the maximum displacement of the oscillator from its equilibrium position. Amplitude tells how far an oscillator is swinging back and forth. In periodic motion, amplitude is the maximum displacement in each cycle of a system in periodic motion. The precise definition of amplitude depends on the particular situation: in the case of a stretched string it would be measured in meters, whereas for sound waves it would be measured in units of pressure.Angle of incidenceWhen a light ray strikes a surface, the angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal.Angle of reflectionThe angle between a reflected ray and the normal.Angle of refractionThe angle between a refracted ray and the line normal to the surface.Angular accelerationA vector quantity, , equal to the rate of change of the angular velocity vector with time. It is typically given in units of rad/s2.Angular displacementThe net change, , in a point’s angular position, . It is a scalar quantity.Angular frequencyA frequency, f, defined as the number of revolutions a rigid body makes in a given time interval. It is a scalar quantity commonly denoted in units of Hertz (Hz) or s–1.Angular momentumA vector quantity, L, that is the rotational analogue of linear momentum. For a single particle, the angular momentum is the cross product of the particle’s displacement from the axis of rotation and theparticle’s linear momentum, . For a rigid body, the angular momentum is a product of the object’s moment of inertia, I, and its angular velocity, .Angular periodThe time, T, required for a rigid body to complete one revolution.Angular positionThe position of an object according to a co-ordinate system measured in s of the angle of the object from a certain origin axis. Conventionally, this origin axis is the positive x-axis.Angular velocityA vector quantity, , that reflects the change of angular displacement with time, and is typically given in units of rad/s. To find the direction of the angular velocity vector, take your right hand and curl your fingers along the particle or body’s direction of rotation. Your thumb then points in the direction of the body’s angular velocity.AntinodeThe points midway between nodes on a standing wave, where the oscillations are largest.AtomThe building blocks of all matter, atoms are made up of a nucleus consisting of protons and neutrons, and a number of electrons that orbit the nucleus. An electrically neutral atom has as many protons as it has electrons.Atomic numberA number, Z, associated with the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Every element can be defined in s of its atomic number, since every atom of a given element has the same number of protons.Axis of rotationThe line that every particle in the rotating rigid body circles about. 单词的记忆要靠长期的坚持，考生们一定要持之以恒，每天都拿出来看一看背一背，让这些词汇在大脑中形成长期记忆，这样就不会轻易地忘记背过的词汇了。

物理专业常用英语词汇

物理：absolute acceleration 绝对加速absolute error 绝对谍差absolute motion 绝对运动absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute VeIOCity 绝对速度absolute ZerO绝对冬陵absorption 吸收absorptivity 吸收率accelerated motion 加連运动acceleration Ofgravity 重力力I】速度acceleration 加速度accidental error 偶然谍羌acoustics 声学acting force 作用力adjustment 调节aether 以太air PUmP抽气机air table气垫桌air track气垫导轨alternating CUrrent circuit 交流电路alternating CUrrent generator交流发电机alternating CUrrent 交流电altimeter测高仪ammeter 安培i∣amperemeter 电iδi∣∙ampere安培Ampere's experiment 安培实验Ampere's force 安培力Ampere's IaW安培定律amperemeter 安培汁amplitude振幅angle Of rotation 自转角.转动角angular acceleration 和加速度angular displacement 角位移angular VeIOCity 角速度anion负离子anisotropy ⅛向异性annihilation 湮没anode阳极antenna 天线appliedPhySiCS应用物理学ArChimedeSPrineiPIe 阿基米徳原理area面积argumentation 论证argument 辐角astigmatoscope散光镜atomic nucleus 原子核atomic PhySiCS原子物理学atomic SPeCtrUm l¾子光诺atomic StrUctUre 原子结构atom原子AtWOOd ' S machine阿特佈德机average PoWe「平均功率average VeIOCity 平均速度AVOgadrO COnStant 阿伏加寥罗常数AVOgadrO IaW阿伏加1德罗定律balance 天平ballisticgalvanometer 冲击电流汁band SPeCtrUm 帝状谱barometer气压计basicquantity 基本:ft basic UnitS基本单位battery Charger电池充电器battery Z aCCUmUIatOr 諾电池battery电池组beam光束betatron电子感应加速器BOhr atom model玻尔原子模型boiling POint 彿点boiling沸腾bounce反弹bound Charge束缚电荷boundelectron 束缚电子branchCirCUit 支路breakdown 击穿brightness 壳度buoyancy force 浮力CaIOrifiCS 热学Camera臆相机CaPaeitance 电容CaPaeitOr电容器CaPiIIanty毛细现魚CathOde ray阴极射线cathode-ray tube 期极射线管∙CathOde 阴极CatiOn正离子CelI电池CeISiUS SCaIe摄氏温标centre Of gravity 重心centre Of mass 质心Centrifugal force 离心力Centripetal acceleratiOn 向心加速度Centripetal force 向心力Chain reaction 链式反应ChaOS混沌CharaCteriStiC SPeCtrUm 特征光谱Charged body 带电体Charged PartiCle 带电∣⅞子Charge充电CirCUlar hole diffraction関孔衍射CirCUIar motion 圆周运动CIaSSiCal PhySiCS 经典物理学CIOUd Chamber 云室CIaSSiCal mechanics 经典力学5COeffiCient Of maximum StatiC friction嚴人静般瞼系数∞efficient Of restitution 恢复系数∞efficient Of Sliding friction 滑动味擦系数COeffiCient 系数COherent Iight 柿干光JS∞il线圈∞llision 碰撞COmPOnent force 分力COmPOnent VeIOCity 分速度COmPOSitiOn OffO「ces 力的合成∞mposition Of VelOCitieS 速度的合成∞mpression 压缩COnCaVe IenS IUI透敏COnCaVe mirror PU［fi)t⅛ConCUrrent force 共点力∞ndensatiOn 凝结∞ndenser电容器COndUCting medium 导电介质∞nductor 导体COnSerVatiVe force field 保守力场8∏SerVatiVe force 保守力∞nstant force 恒力COnStant 7⅛fi⅛COntinUOUS SPectrUm 连续谱COnVergent IenS 会聚透镀COnVeX IenS 凸透做COnVeX mirror 凸血做COOrdinate SyStem 坐标系COPIanar force 共面力COrOliS force科里奥利力COrPUSCUIar PrOPerty 粒子性COrPUSCUIar theory 微粒说COUlOmb force 库仑力COUIOmb 库仑COUIOmb's IaW库仑宦律COUnter汁数器CreatiOn 产生CreePage iW⅛CreSt波娜CritiCal angle 临界角CntiCal resistance 临界电阻CritiCal temperature 临界ifi度CrYStal 品体CUrrent density 电流密度CUrrent element 电滾元CUrrent SOUrCe 电流滅CUrrent Strength 电流儀度CUrVilinear motion 曲纟戈运动CyClOtrOn回皈加速器dampedVibratiOn 阻尼抿动damping 阻尼DanieII CeIl丹聂耳电池data PrOCeSSing 数据处理data数据decay哀变definitiOn Ofampere 安培的定义defocusing Ift集density 密度derived quantity 导出βtderived Unit导出单位dielectric 电介质diffraction Pattern 衍射图样diffraction 衍射diffuse reflection 没反射digital timer数字计时器dimensional expOnent 址纲播数dimension Ift纲diode二级骨diopter屈光度direct CUrrentrDC 宜流direct impact 正碰direct measurement H接测试discharge 放电disorder 无序dispersion 色散displacement位移divergent IenS 发散透後DOPPler effect多普勒效应double SIit diffraction 双縫衍射driving force 驰动力dryCell干电池echo回声eddyCUrrent 涡流effective VaIUe冇效值elastic body 弹性体elastic force 弹［性］力elasticity 弹性electricCharge 电荷electric CirCUit电路electric COrOna 电∙⅛electric energy 电能electric field 电场electricfield intensity 电场强度electric field Iine 电场线electric flux 电通⅛electric Ieakage iW⅛electric neutrality 电中性electric POtential 电位・电势electric POtentialdifference 电位差∙电势菱electric POtential energy电位能electric POWer 电功率electric quantity ⅛ftelectrification 起电electrification by friction摩擦起电electrified body 帯电体electrode 电极electrolysis5电解electrolyte 电解质electromagnetic damping 电阻尼electromagnetic inductiOn 电磁感应electromagnetic radiation 电够辐鮎electromagnetic WaVe 电磁波electromagnetic WaVe SPeCtrUm电磁波谱electromagnetism induction PhenOmenOn电磁感应现皱electromagnet 电4⅛体electrometer 静电计electromotive force 电动势electron 电子electron beam 电子束electron CIOUd 电子云electron microscope 电子显微镜electron VOIt电子伏特electroscope 脸电器electrostatic equilibrium tff t电平衡electrostatic induction 静电感应electrostatic SCreening 静电屛蔽elementary Charge 基本电荷•元电荷energy能蛾energy IeVel 能级equilibrium 平衡equilibrium COnditiOn 平衡条件equilibrium Of forces 力的平衡equilibrium POSitiOni I z t⅛{⅛Hequilibrium State 平衡态equivalent SOUrCe theorem等效电源定理erect image IE像error i¾差ether以太evaporation 蒸发excitation 激发excitation State 激发态e×periment 实脸experimental PhySiCS 实舫物理学external force 外力eyepiece 11镜far Sight 远视Faraday CyIinder法拉第阴筒Faraday IaW Ofelectromagnetic induction法拉笫电鐵感应定律Faraday1S IaW Ofelectromag netic in duct 法拉笫电磁感应定律farad法拉（电容的单位）filminterference 薄膜干涉finalVeIOCity 来速度first COSmiCVeIOdty 第一宇宙速度fission 裂变fixed-axis rotation 定轴转动flotation balance 浮力秤fluid流体focal Iength 焦距focusing调焦•聚焦focus焦点force 力forced VibratiOn 受迫报动fractal 分形free Charge白由电荷free electron自由电子free PeriOd自由周期freezingPOint ⅛f固点frequency 频率friction force 攣擦力fusion聚变galva no meterItIjiliir gas气体general PhySiCS普通物理学generator发电机goodCOndUCtOr 良导体gravitation引力gravity 重力gravitational POtentialenergy重力势能gravity field 鱼力场groundearth 接上也ground State 基态ground Wire 地线hadron强子half Iife PeriOd 半衰期heat 热heat transfer 传热henry亨利hertz赫兹（频率的单位）HOOke IaW胡克定律humidity 湿度hydrogen包原子hypothesis J l-1& ice POint冰点ideal gas理想气体image像image distance 像距imageheight 像岛imaging 成像imperfect inelasticCOlIiSiOn 非完全弹性碰撞impulse 冲fltincident angle 入射角incident ray 入肘线indirect measurement 何接测fitinduced electric CUrrent 感应电流induced electric field 感应5流inductiOn electromotive force感应电动势induction motor感应电动机inertia 惯性inertial force 惯性力inertial SyStem 惯性系infrared ray 红外线infrasOniC WaVe 次声波initial PhaSe 初位相initial VeIOCity 初速度input输入instantaneous POWer 瞬时功率instantaneous VeIOCity 瞬时速度instrument 仪器insulated COndUCtOr 绝缘导体insulating medium 绝缘介质insulator绝缘体intensity Of SOUnd 沖强interference 干涉interference fringe 干涉条纹interference Pattern「•涉图样interferometer 干涉仪internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal resistance 内阻intonation 声调inVerted image 倒像beam离子束ionization 电离irreversible ProCeSS 不川逆过程isobaric PrOCeSS 等用过程isobar等压线isochoricPrOCeSS等体枳过程isothermal等温线isothermal PrOCeSS 等温过程isotope同位索isotropy各向同性joule條耳(功的单位)JOUIe heat 焦EF热JOUle IaW焦耳定律Joule, IaW焦耳定律KePIer IaW开普勒定律kinematics 运动学kineticenergy 动能Laplace's equation 拉普拉斯方程IaSe「激光•激光器IaW定律IaW Of COnSerVatiOn Ofangular momentum角动:#守恒定律IaW Of ConSerVatiOn Ofenergy 能定律IaW Of COnSerVatiOn Of mass质址守也定律IaW Of COnSerVati On Ofmechanical energy 机械能9也定律IaW Of COnSerVatiOn Ofmomentum 动扯守也定律Le SySteme Intemational d 'Unit e S IH际单位制(Sl)Iead导线Iength长度IenS透镜IenS formula透越公式Lenz,s IaW楞次定律IePtOn轻子IJght ray 光线Iight SOUrCe 光源Iight WaVe 光波Iightning rod 避苗针Iight 光Iine SPeCtrUm 线状谱IineS Of CUrrent 电渍线IineS Of force Of electricfield 电力线IiqUefaCtiOn 液化IiqUefaCtiOn POint 液化点IiqUid液体IOngitUdinal WaVe 纵波IOOP回路LOrentZ force洛仑兹力IUminOUS intensity 发光强度magnetic field 磁场magneticfield intensity 出场强magnetic field Iine ft⅛场线magnetic induction flux 磁感应magnetic induction 險感应⅞8度magn etic in duction IineIK 感应线magnetic material 險性材料magnetic needle ⅛⅛flmagnetic POIe 磁极magnetics⅛S学magnetism 4⅛学magnetization 磁化magnet i⅛体magnifkatiOn 放人率magnifier放A；镀.放人器manometer流体压强i∣∙ mass质嫩mass defect 质Ift亏损mass-ene「gy equation 质能方程matter物质matter WaVe 物质波MaXWeIrS equations 麦克斯韦方程组mean SPeed平均速率mean VelOCity平均速度measurement 测fitmechanical energy 机械能5mechanical motion 机械运动mechanical VibratiOn 机械振动mechanics 力学medium介质melting fusion 熔化melting POint 熔点metre rule 米尺microdetector灵敬电流计micrometer CaliPeri⅛δ⅛⅛）J微器microscope V3Si⅛ microscopic PartiCIe 微观粒子mirror reflectiOn 镜面反射mirror t⅛ mixed Unit SyStem混合单位制modern PhySiCS现代物理学molar VOlUme摩尔体积molecular SPeCtrUm 分子光谱molecular StrUctUre 分子结构moment Of force 力矩momentum Of electromagnetic field电磁场的动St momentum 动知：motor电动机multimeter多用［电］表musical quality 音色N POIe北极natural frequency 固冇须率natural Iight 自然光negative Charge 负电荷negative CryStal 负品体negative ion 负离F negativePIate 负极板network 网络neutralization 中和neutron中子newton牛顿（力的单位）NeWtOn first Iaw牛顿第一宦律NeWtOn SeCOnd IaW 牛顿第•定律NeWtOn third IaW牛顿笫〔定律nonequilibrium State IF F衡态north POIe 北极nucleus force 核力nucleus Of COndenSatiOn ⅛（结核ObjeCt 物ObjeCt distance 物距ObjeCt height 物高ObjeCtiVe 物越ObSerVatiOn 观察Oersted's experiment 奥斯特实脸Ohm欧婀Ohrn IaW欧姆定律Ohmmeter t⅛⅛i∣Ohrn,s IaW欧姆定律OPen CirCUit 开路OPtiCal bench 光貝座OPtiCal Centre Of IenS 透境光心OPtiCal fiber光导纤维OPtiCal glass光学玻璃OPtiCal instrument 光学仪器OPtiCal IeVer 光杠杆OPtiCal Path difference 光程差OPtiCal Path 光程（路）OPtiCaIly denser medium 光密介质OPtiCalIy thinner medium 光疏介质OPtiCS光学Orbit轨道Order有序OSeiIIOgraPh 示波器OUtPUt输岀OVerWeight 超⅛.ParaIlel COnneCtiOn OfCOndenSerS电客器的井联ParaIIelOgram rule 平行四边形定律parallel-resOnance CirCUit井联谐振电路ParameterPartiCle质点•粒子PaSCal IaW帕斯卡定律Path路程Peak峰值Pendulum 摆PenUmbra 半彫PerfeCt COndUctOr 理想导体Perfect elastic COIIiSiOn完全禅性碰撞Perfect inelastic COIliSiOn完全非弹性碰撇PeriOdiCity 周期性PeriOd周期PeriSCOPe潜望镜Permanent magnet 永磁体PermittiVity Of VaCUUm 真空介电常数PermittiVity 电容率PhaSe 位扌IlPhenomenon 现線PhOtOCUrTent 光电流PhOtOeleCtriC CeIl 光电管PhOtOeIeCtriC effect 光电效应PhOtOeleCtrOn 光电子PhOtOgraPhy 照相术PhOtOn光子PhySiCal balance 物理天平PhySiCal quantity 物理fitPhySiCS物理学PieZOmeter 压强计PitCh音调5PIanCk COnStant普朗克常•肚PlaSma等离子体POint Charge 点电荷POIariZatiOn ft⅛振POIariZed Iight 偏振光POIyCryStal 多品体POOr Conductor 不艮导体POSitiVe Charge 正电荷POSitiVe CryStal 正品体POSitiVe ion 正离子POSitiVe PIate 正极板POSitrOn正电子POtential energy 势能POtentiOmeter 电位菱计POWer功率PreSSUre压强.压力Primary ∞il 原线圈PrinCiPIe Of COnStancy Of IightVelOCity光速不变原理PriSm棱镜PrOjeCtile 抛体PrOjectiIe motion 抛休运动PrOjeCtOr投影仪PrOtOn质子PUIIey滑轮PUlIey block 滑轮组quantity Of heat 热址quantization 址子化quantum 址子quantummechanics fi¾ f 力学quantum number 秋子数radar笛达radioactive SOUrCe 放射谏radius Of gyration 回旋半径random motion无规则运动「ange !⅛程rated VOltage额定电斥reacting force 反作用力real image 实像realObjeCt 实物reasOning 推理recoil反冲rectilinearmotion 宜线运动referenceframe參考系.坐标系referenceSyStem 参考系reflectedangle 反射和reflected ray 反射线reflection COeffiCient反射系数reflection IaW 反射定律reflectivity 反射率refracted angle 折射角refracted ray 折射线refraction IaW 折射定律refraction COeffiCient 折射系数refractive index 折射率relative acceleration 和对加速度relative error 对误差relative motion 相对运动relative VelOCity 相对速度relativity 相对论resistance电阻resistance box 电阻箱resistivity 电阻率resistor电阻［器］resolution Offorce 力的分解resolution OfVelOCity 速度的分解resonance共振•共呜resonantfrequency 共振频率resultantforce 合力resultantVeIOCity 合速度reversibility Of OPtiCalPath 光路町逆性reversible PrOCeSS 町逆过程rheostat变阻器right-hand SCreW FUIe 右手螺旋定则rocker火筋rotating magnetic field 旋转礙场rotation自转•转动RUtherfOrd SCattering 卢瑟福敬射RUtherfOrd ［α-particleSCattering」experiment 卢瑟福LattWJ实脸S POIe南极SatUratiOn 饱和SCalar标量SCalar field 标1½场SCanner打描器SeCOnd COSmiC VeIOCity 第二宇宙速度SeIeCtiVe absorption 选择吸收self-induced electromotiveforce门感电动势self-inductance 自感self-induction PhenomenonI r l 感系数SemiCOndUCtOr 半导体Semi-transparent film 半透腹SenSitiVe galvanometer 灵坡电流计SenSitiVity 灵敏度SenSitOmeter 感光计SenSOr传感器SerieS COnn ection OfCOndenSerS电容器的串联SerieS-resOnance CirCUit 串联谐振电路ShOrt CirCUit 垃路ShOrt Sight 近视ShUnt resistor 分流电阻SignifiCant figure 仃效数了SimPIe harmOniC motion(SHM) 简谐运动SimPIe harmonic WaVe 简谐波SimPIe PendUIUm 单摆5SinglecrystakmOnOCryStaI) 单品体Single Slit diffraction 单缝衍射SinUSOidal alternating CUrrent简谐交流电SinUSOidal CUrrent 正弦式电流SIiding friction 淆动摩援Slit狭縫SOIar CeIl太阳能电池SOIenOid煤线管SOlidifiCatiOn 凝固SOlidifying POint 凝固点SOlid固体SOlUtiOn 涪液SOIVatiOn 溶解SOnar声纳SOUnd SOUrCe 筋谏SOUnd VeIOCity 声速SOUnd WaVe 声波SOUnd 声［⅛］SOUrCe电源SOUth POIe 南极SPaCe空间SPark discharge 火花放电SPedal relativity 狭义相对论SPeCifiC heat CaPadty 比热容SPeCtaCleS 眼镜SPeCtral analysis 光谱分析SPeCtral Iine ［光］谱线SPeCtrOgraPh 掇谱仪SPeCtrOgraPhy 摄谱学SPeCtrOSCOPy 光谱学SPeCtrUm 光诺SPeed速率SPheriCal mirror 球面镜SPOntaneOUS radiation 门发辐射SPring balance 弹簧件Stability稳定性StabiliZed CUrrent SUPPly穗流电源StabiliZed VOItage SUPPly穂压电源Standard atmosphericPreSSUre标准人气压Standard CeIl标准电池Standing WaVe 住波StatiC friction 挣除援StatiOnary State 定态Steady CUrrent 恒定电流Steady CUrTent SOUrCe 恒流漁Steady VOItage SOUrCe 也压源Steam POint 汽点StiffneSS劲度［系数］StimUIated radiation 受激辐射StOP WatCh 停茨SUblimatiOn 升华SUPerCOndUCtiVity 超导［电］性SUPerCOnductor 超导体SUPerPOSitiOn PrineiPIe Ofelectric field电场强度叠加原理SUPerPOSitiOn theorem 盜加怎律SUPerSatUratiOn 过度饱和SUPerSOniC SPeed 趙卅速SUPerSOniC WaVe 超声波SUPPIy transformer 电源变压器SUrfaCe resistance 表面电阻SWitCh开关SyStem Of 8ncυrrent forces共点力系SyStem Of PartiCIeS 质点系SyStem Of UnitS 单位制SyStematiC error 系统误差telescope望远敏temperature 淑度tension 张力the IaW Of gravity万有引力定律theorem 原理theorem Of kinetic energy动能定理theorem Of momentum 动Ift定理theoretical PhySiCS 理论物理学theory理论thermal CaPaCity 热容［ft］thermal equilibrium 女冬平衡thermal motion 热运动thermal tranSmiSSiOn 传热thermodynamic SCaIe 〕Ofte mperatu re］热力学温标thermodynamic temperature热力学温度thermometer ⅛l¾i∣thermometric SCaIe 温标thermOnUClear reaction 热核反应thick IenS厚透镜thin IenS薄透境third COSmiC VeIOCity 第三宇宙速度three-phasealternatingCUrrent三相［交变］电流time 时IfiJtimer定时器•计时器5torsion balance Jllft-total reflection 全反射trajectory 轨道transformer 变压器transistor 品体管tramSitiOn 跃迁translation 平移transmissiOn Iine 传输线transmissivity 透射率transverse WaVe 横波triboelectrification 嘖擦起电triode三极管trough波谷tuning fork 音叉turbulent flow 祸流UItraSOUnd WaVe 趙声波UItraViOIet ray 紫外线Umbra本影UndUIatOry PrOPerty 波动性UnifOrm dielectric 均匀电介质UnifOrm motion 匀速运动Unit单位Unit SyStem 单位制UniVerSal COnStant 普适UniVerSal gravitatiOn 万有引力UniVerSal meter 多用［电］表VaCUUm tube JC空管VaCUUm 真•空VaIUe Of amplitude ⅛⅛ffi VaPOriZatiOn 汽化VariabIe 变IftVeCtOr Xft VeIOCity Of Iight 光速VeIOCity 速度VenfiCatiOn 脸证Vernie「游标Vernier CaIiPer 游标卡尺VibratiOn 掘动VieWing angle 视角VieWing field 视场VirtUal image 虚像VirtUal ObjeCt 虚物VirtUal VaIUe 有效值ViSibiIity 见度ViSibIe Iight 可见光VOltage 电压VOItage division CirCUit 分压电路VOltaiC CeIl伏打电池VOItmeter伏特汁VOItmeter-ammeter method伏安法VOlt伏特VOIUme体枳VOrteX electric field 涡族电场Watt瓦待WaVe equation波动方程WaVe theory 波动说WaVelength 波长WaVe-PartiCIe dualism 波粒二仪性WaVe 波Weight ⅛ffiWeightIeSSness 失磴White Iight 白光WOrk 功WOrk function 逸岀功X-ray X射线YOUng experiment 杨氏实脸ZerO Iine 零线α -decay α 衰变a -PartiCIe a 粒子a -ray a射线β -decay β 衰变B -ray B射线Y-decay Y 哀变Y-ray Y射线5。

托福知识分类词汇

托福知识分类词汇1.astronomy 天文astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomical observatory天文台astronomical instruments天文仪器astronomical telescope天文望远镜astronomical observation天文观测astronomical unit天文单位astronomical almanac天文年历; = yearbook planetarium天文馆astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrophysicist天文物理学家astrophotograph天体摄影影图astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学hidebound包紧的; 思想狭隘的pinnacle (peak; summit; apex)巅; 顶峰deviate偏离cosmos (universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙学infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmic force宇宙力cosmic dust宇宙尘cosmic noise宇宙噪声cosmic radiation宇宙辐射cosmic rays宇宙射线cosmic speed宇宙速度celestial天的celestial body (heavenly body)天体celestial map (sky atlas)天体团celestial sphere天球celestial globe天球仪celestial mechanics天体力学celestial navigation天文导航; = astronavigation stellar星的nebula(复数 nebulae 或 nebulas) 星云nebular (nebulous)星云的; 星云状的dwarf (dwarf star)矮星quasar类星体; 类星射电源constellation星座galaxy (Milky Way)银河系observable可观察到的cluster星团solar太阳的solar system太阳系solar corona日冕solar flare日辉; 太阳耀斑solar prominence日珥solar eclipse日食solar radiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid (asteroid)小行星revolve旋转; 绕转twinkle闪烁naked eye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转satellite卫星lunar月球的lunar eclipse月蚀lunar probe月球探测器lunar astronaut登月宇航员;= lunarnaut;lunanaut lunar module登月舱; = lunar excursion module lunar rover月面车; = lunar roving vehicle lunarscape月面景色; = moonscapephase月相; 阶段meteor流星meteor shower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石comet彗星space (outer space)太空; 外层空间spacecraft (spaceship)宇宙飞船space capsule宇宙飞船座舱; 航天舱spacelab太空实验室spaceman宇航员; 航天员; = astronaut; cosmonaut space suit宇航服; 航天服space shuttle航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜2.geography 地理geography地理geographer地理学家hemisphere半球northern&southern hemispheres北半球和南半球eastern&western hemispheres东半球和西半球meridian子午线; 经线parallel平行圈; 纬线latitude纬度high latitudes高纬度地区low latitudes低纬度地区temperate latitudes温带地区longitude经度horizon地平线equator赤道Tropics热带地区Arctic北极Antarctic (Antarctica)南极expedition探险zone气候带time zone时区topography地形plain平原plateau (highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地cavern (cave)洞穴terrain地域subterranean (underground)地底下coastland沿海地区island岛屿continental island地陆岛volcanic island火山岛coral island珊瑚岛island小岛peninsular半岛continent大陆continental shelf大陆架ranges山脉valley峡谷canyon (通常谷底有溪涧流过的)峡谷channel (strait)海峡survey测绘elevation海拔altitude高度remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的; 陆地的terrestrial heat地热；＝ geothermal; heat of the earth's int terrestrial magnetism (geomag地磁3.Geology 地质Geology地质学geologist (geologic an)地质学家geological (geologic)地质学的geologic age (geological time)地质时代geologic map地质图geological survey地质调查geochronology地质年代学geosciences (earth science)地球科学crust地壳continental crust大陆地壳oceanic crust海洋地壳layer地层；＝ stratum;复数 strata mantle地幔core地核plate板块plate tectonics板块构造论fault断层fault plane断层面fault zone断层带rift (crack; split)断裂disintegration (decomposition)分解erosion侵蚀fossil化石rock岩石igneous rock火成岩sedimentary rock沉积岩metamorphic rock变质岩quartz石英limestone石灰岩marble大理石granite花岗岩lithogenqus岩石成的lithosphere岩石圈magma岩浆prospect勘探sounding测探mine采矿mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金; 铂copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zine锌nickel镍mercury (quicksilver)汞; 水银gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacial epoch (age, period)冰川期glacial drift冰碛iceberg冰山(ice)sheet冰原; 冰盖frigid (refrigerated; freezin寒冷的plummet（气温)急剧下降thaw (melt)融化retreat后退terminate(end)结束volcano火山active volcano活火山extinct volcano死火山dormant volcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆scoria火山渣volcanic火山的volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰volcanic bombs火山弹earthquake地震；＝ quake; tremor; seism seismology地震学magnitude震级epicenter震中hypocenter (focus)震源wave地震波（earthquake; seismic; shock ～)cataclysm灾变4.meteorology 气象meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家forecast (predict)预报weather天气weathercast气象报告weather chart (weather map)天气图weather station气象站weather balloon气象气球weather eye气象观察器; 气象卫星weather satellite气象卫星climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层front（气）锋current（气）流vapor蒸汽damp (wet; moist; humid)潮湿的humidity湿度moisture潮湿; 水分saturate饱和dew露frost霜fog (mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水珠condense浓缩crystal水晶体coalescence聚合; 合并downpour大雨tempest (storm)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨sleet雨夹雪hail冰雹blizzard (snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche (snowslide)雪崩precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水breeze微风gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado (twister; cyclone)龙卷风funnel漏斗; 漏斗云swirl (whirl)旋动rotate旋转counterclockwise逆时针方向disaster灾难；＝ calamity; catastrophe devastation破坏treacherous危险的; 变化莫测的disastrous灾难的; = destructive; devastating submerge淹没flood洪水arid (dry)干燥的aridity干燥drought旱灾5.chemistry 化学chemistry化学inorganic chemistry无机化学organic chemistry有机化学physical chemistry物理化学industrial chemistry工业化学synthetic chemistry合成化学biochemistry生物化学chemist化学家overlap重叠chemical化学的chemical property化学特性; 化学性能chemical composition (makeup)化学成分chemical agent化学试剂chemical reaction化学反应chemical change化学变化chemical bond化学键chemical equation (formula)化学方程式（公式）chemical symbol化学符号chemical industry化学工业chemical apparatus化学器械substance (matter; material)物质element元素periodic table周期表hydrogen氢oxygen氧nitrogen氮helium氦carbon碳calcium钙potassium钾silicon硅sulfur硫iodine碘uranium铀compound化合物hydrocarbon碳氢化合物derivative衍生物alchemy炼金术petroleum (oil)石油petroleum products石油产品crude oil原油refine提炼; 精炼gasoline汽油solution溶液dissolve溶解solvent溶剂solubility可溶性cohesive聚合力adhesive粘合力atom原子nucleus原子核electron电子neutron中子proton质子molecule分子particle粒子particle accelerator粒子加速器catalysis(复数catalyses)催化作用catalyst催化剂behave起（某种）作用alter (change; convert)改变transformation (alteration)变换; 转换process (变化)过程artificial人造的synthetic合成的synthetic fiber合成纤维scarce缺乏的; 稀有的superior优良的; 优越的elastic有弹性的resist抗; 耐polymer聚合物polymerization聚合作用plastic塑料dye染料cosmetics化妆品6.physics 物理physics物理classical physics经典物理学modern physics现代物理学physicist物理学家experimental physicist实验物理学家theoretical physicist理论物理学家mechanics力学thermodynamics热力学acoustics声学electromagnetism电磁学optics光学dynamics动力学force力velocity速度acceleration加速度uniform acceleration匀速加速度equilibrium平衡stationary静止的statics静力学motion运动inertia惯性mass质量expand膨胀contract收缩gravitation引力relativity相对gravity地心引力vibration震动medium (media)媒质frequency频率wavelength波长pitch音高intensity强度echo回声resonance洪亮; 回声sonar声纳microphone麦克风; 扩音器ultrasonic超声学electricity电static electricity静电magnetism磁性; 磁力magnet磁体electromagnet电磁magnetic field磁场electric current电流direct (electric) current直流电alternating (electric) current交流电electric circuit电路electric charge电荷electric voltage电压electric shock触电electric appliance电器conductor导体insulator绝缘体semiconductor半导体battery (cell)电池dry battery干电池storage battery蓄电池electronics电子学electronic电子的electronic component (part)电子零件integrated circuit集成电路chip集成电路片; 集成块electron tube电子管vacuum tube真空管transistor晶体管diode二极管terminal端子; 终端amplification（名词）放大amplify（动词）放大amplifier放大器; 扬声器oscillation震荡optical光（学）的optical fiber光学纤维optical disk (disc)光盘lens透镜; 镜片convex凸透镜concave凹透镜microscope显微镜telescope望远镜magnifier放大镜spectrum光谱ultraviolet紫外线X rays X射线Gamma raysγ射线infrared红外线microwaves微波reflect反射refract折射emit发（光、热、气味等）dispersion色散transparent透明translucent半透明opaque不透明的7 mathematics 数学mathematics数学pure mathematics纯粹数学applied mathematics应用数学mathematician数学家arithmetic算术calculation计算calculator计算器abacus算盘numeral数字sum和total (sum total)总和, 总数aggregate总计fraction分数, 小数decimal十进位, （十进）小数digit数字, 数位percentage百分比addition加法plus加上subtraction减法minus减去multiplication乘法multiplication table乘法表multiply乘以times乘以power乘方square平方division除法divide除以over (介词）除以denominator分母numerator分子quotient商remainder余数algebra代数quantity表示量的数（或符号）unknown quantity未知数（量）equation方程式, 等式formula公式root根square root平方根cube root立方根geometry n.几何,几何学plane geometry平面几何solid geometry立体几何geometric几何的dimension维parallel adj平行的 n 平行线quadrilateral四边形square正方形area面积rectangle长方形, 矩形polygon多边形rhombus菱形; 菱形六面体trapezoid梯形cube立方形volume体积sphere球形circle圆形ellipse (oval)椭圆形cone圆锥形circumference圆周diameter直径radius半径trigonometry三角学triangle三角形angle角right angle直角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角degree(角) 度calculus微积分differential calculus微分学integral calculus积分学function函数probability概率statistics统计tabulating列表quantitative量的, 数量的qualitative质的, 质量的summarization总结, 归纳sample抽样random随机的; 任意的logic逻辑deduction (inference)推论, 演绎induction归纳8.agriculture 农业agriculture农业agriculture (farming)农业agricultural农业的agricultural products(～ produce ) 农产品agricultural implements（～ tools）农具agricultural engieering农业工程学agriculturist农业经营者；＝ agriculturalistagronomy农艺学agrology土壤学land (soil)土壤; 土地fertile land（～soil) 沃土barren（lean; meager）land 贫瘠地; 不毛之地arable（tilled; cultivated）land 耕地dry land（soil～) 旱地saline-alkali soil盐碱地irrigated land水田; 水浇地unwrought(virgin) land处女地soil particles壤颗粒soil texture土壤质地soil amelioration（～improvement) 土壤改良soil conservation土壤保护soil erosion泥土流失silt粉砂, 泥沙clay黏土, 湿土clod土块agrarian土地的, 农业的mechanization机械化pilot (experimental )试验性的cultivate耕作；＝tillfallow休耕rotation轮作plough犁地；＝ plowloosen (scarify)松土harrow( rake)耙, 耙土ridge田埂furrow犁沟plot小块地；＝ patchranch农场, 牧场plantation种植园orchard果园nursery苗圃seedbed苗床sickle镰刀spade铲, 锹shovel（平头 ) 铲pick稿tractor拖拉机sow(seed)播种harvest收割weed除草weed killer除草剂irrigate灌溉manure(fertilizer)肥料spray喷洒（农药）insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pest害虫rust锈病smut黑穗病grain (cereal)谷物, 谷粒granary(grain store)粮仓mill碾, 磨variety品种wheat小麦corn玉米rice大米barley大麦sorghum高粱oats燕麦rye黑麦millet粟, 小米vegetable蔬菜horticulture园艺学hydroponics水栽法, 营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed)温室cabbage洋白菜lettuce生菜mustard芥菜spinach菠菜broccoli花椰菜cauliflower花菜cucumber黄瓜eggplant茄子pepper辣椒pumpkin南瓜tomato西红柿beet甜菜carrot胡萝卜radish小红萝卜turnip萝卜pea豌豆snap bean四季豆soybean大豆celery芹菜garlic大蒜leek韭菜onion洋葱头shallot青葱potato土豆peanut花生sesame芝麻cotton棉花flax亚麻hemp大麻husbandry畜牧业; = animal husbandry pasture牧场livestock家畜fowl (poultry)家禽cattle牛, 家畜buffalo野牛dairy (dairy cattle)奶牛dairy farm乳牛场hay（作饲料用）干草haystack干草堆fodder (feed)饲料trough饲料槽barn(shed)牲口槽stable厩, 马厩cowshed牛棚pigpen (hog pen, pigsty)猪圈sheepfold (sheep pen)羊栏roost (hen house)鸡舍fish farm养鱼场aquaculture水产养殖9.HI-TECH 高科技hi-tech (high tech; high tech高科技sophisticated (advanced)先进的precision精密; 精确breakthrough突破; 重大发现（发明）electronic products电子产品electronic control电子控制electronic robot电子机器人electronic camera电子摄像electronic organ电子琴electronic hearing aid电子助听器electronic microscope电子显微镜electronic brain(computer)电脑electronic mail电子邮件Internet互联网World Wide Web互联网modem n. 调制解调器information superhighway信息on-line service网上服务microcomputer n.微型电子计算机microprocessor n.微处理videophone可视电话videotex视传cellular phone移动电话cordless telephone无绳电话digital television数字电视microwave radar微波雷达comsat n. 通讯卫星microwave oven微波炉laser n.激光compact disk光盘CD-ROM激光唱片；光盘videodisc n. 影碟((可播出影像及声音的圆形激光录像片)) optical fiber光学纤维fiber-optic cable光纤电缆fiber-optic communication sys.光纤通讯系统nuclear fuel核燃料nuclear submarine原子能潜水艇solar collector(furnace)太阳能收集器solar cell太阳 (能) 电池synthetics n.合成物counterpart对应的物或人synthetic resin n. 合成树脂synthetic rubber人造橡胶genetic engineering遗传工程 (学)DNA n.脱氧核糖核酸organ transplanting器官移植artificial insemination n. [生物]人工受孕clone n.无性繁殖,克隆10.medicine 医学medicine n. 药,医学,内科medicinal a. 医学的,药的,有益的medicinal herb草药medical a.医学的medical care药疗medical treatment药疗medical examination体格检查medical checkup体格检查medical certificate医生证明medical apparatus医疗器械medical instruments医疗器械medication(medicine;drug)药物tablet n.药片pill n.药丸capsule n.胶囊,瓶帽,太空舱remedy n. 药物,治疗法therapy n.疗法injection n.注射,注入anesthetic n. 麻醉剂narcotic n. 麻醉药,镇静剂 a. 麻醉的,催眠的hypnosis n. 催眠状态；催眠术surgery n.外科手术antibiotic n.\a.抗生素；抗菌的antiviral抗病毒药antitumor drug抗肿瘤药；抗癌药sulfa磺胺类药analgesic n. 镇痛剂，adj. 止痛的pain-killer n. 镇痛剂tranquilizer镇静剂；安定药; 安神药opiate n.镇静剂；麻醉药；安眠药，鸦片制剂contraceptive避孕药tonic n.补药 a.补品的lotion药水ointment n.药膏；油膏elixir n. 长生不老药，仙丹妙药panacea n.万灵药cure-all n. 万灵药euthanasia n. 安乐死administer服用（药物）potency n. 药力efficacy n.药力；功效,效力physician n.内科医生surgeon n.外科医师pediatrician n. 小儿科医师dentist n.牙科医生dental surgeon n.牙科医生gerontologist n. 老龄病医生dietician n. = dietitian，营养学家therapist n.治疗师，理疗师radiologist n.放射科医生anesthetist n. 麻醉师pharmacist n.药剂师druggist n. 药商,药材商,药剂师practitioner n.（私人）开业医生veterinarian n. 兽医diagnosis n.诊断prescription n.药方,处方dispensary n.药房pharmacy n.药房,药剂学emergency n.急救first aid a.急救的 n.急救ailing(ill;sick)生病contract染病afflict vt.使受(疾病）之苦symptom n.症状;征兆coma n. 昏迷状态unconsciousness n.昏厥；无意识,意识不清,人事不省faint vi.昏倒 a.微弱的,无力的indigestion n.消化不良nauseate v. 使作呕，使厌恶vomit vt.呕吐diarrhea n.腹泻injury(cut;wound)受伤bruise n.青肿,伤痕,擦伤hemorrhage n. 出血bleeding a.出血的，流血的disabled adj.残废的handicapped adj. 残障的deformity n.畸形malformation n. 难看,畸形misshape vt. 使造型不佳,弄成畸形cripple n.跛子,残废的人limp a.软的；无精神的，无生气的vi.蹒跚,跛行lame a.跛的,瘸的myopia n. 近视，缺乏远见nearsightedness n. 近视眼levophobia恐左症incurable(fatal)无法治愈的; 致命的leukemia白血病AIDS n.艾滋病，即获得性免疫缺损综合症syphillis梅毒cancer n.癌,癌症carcinogen n. 致癌物质benign adj.良性的；和蔼的；温和的malignant adj.恶性的；恶毒的；恶意的epidemic adj.传染性的,流行性的endemic adj. 地方流行的（病）incidence n.发病率；影响范围,发生toll n.伤亡，死亡influenza n.流行感冒flu n. 流感measles n. 麻疹malaria n.疟疾cholera n. 霍乱cholera n. 霍乱yellow fever黄热病infectious a.传染的,感染性的contagious a.（接触）传染的contaminate vt.弄脏,毒害,传染inflammation n.炎症；怒火,发火,燃烧,发炎microorganism n. 微生物,微小动植物germ n.微生物,细菌,幼芽bacteria n.细菌virus n.病毒susceptible a.易患（某种）病；易受影响的;敏感的chicken pox『医』水痘mumps n.腮腺炎tuberculosis n.肺结核hepatitis n. 肝炎polio n. (口语)小儿麻痹症；脊髓灰质炎schistosomiasis n. 血吸虫病snail fever n. 血吸虫病noninfectious非感染性cardiovascular a.(病等)心血管的hypertension n. 高血压,过度紧张high blood pressure高血压heart attack『医』心脏病发作,心脏麻痹stroke vt.打,击;抚摩n.敲击；中风；抚摸electrocardiograph心电图arthritis n.关节炎rheumatism n.[医]风湿diabetes n.糖尿病bronchitis n. 支气管炎anemia n. 贫血，贫血症insomnia n. 失眠症obesity n.肥胖症allergy n. 过敏症，厌恶asthma n. 哮喘症appendicitis n. 阑尾炎,盲肠炎chronic a.慢性的,习惯性的 n.慢性病患者acute a.急性hygiene n. 卫生；保健学sanitary a.清洁的；保健的；卫生的inspect vt.检查,审查,检阅immunization n. 免疫vaccination n. 预防注射，种痘；疫苗complication n.复杂,混乱,并发症incubator n.（婴儿）恒温箱；孵化器11.physiology 生理学physiology n.生理学physiologist n. 生理学家anatomy n.人体结构；解剖学autopsy n. 验尸，解剖，实地调查dissect v.解剖scalpel n.解剖刀，(外科用)小刀cell n.细胞,小房间tissue n.薄绢,薄纸巾;组织organ n.器官;机构;风琴organ system器官系统digestive system n. 消化系统ingest v.摄取；吸收（食物）saliva n.唾液intestine n.肠small intestine小肠large intestine『解剖』大肠abdomen n．腹，下腹（胸部到腿部的部份）anus n. 肛门excrete v.排泄pancreas n. 胰腺bile n. 胆汁gallbladder n.胆囊skeletal system骨骼系统skeleton n.骨骼,骨架;骷髅skull n.头盖骨,脑壳rib n.肋骨spine n.脊椎muscular system肌肉系统muscle n.肌肉；力量muscle fiber肌肉纤维voluntary muscle随意肌；横纹肌involuntary muscle平滑肌contract n.契约,合同cramp n. 铁箍,夹子respiratory system呼吸系统nostril n. 鼻孔windpipe n. 气管,嗓门lung n.肺exhale v.呼气inhale vt.吸入pulmonary adj. 肺的，对肺有影响的 circulatory system『生理』循环系统cardiology n. 心脏病学arteriosclerosis n. 动脉硬化blood vessel血管artery n.动脉,要道vein n.静脉,血管capillary n. 毛细管 a. 毛状的,毛细管的plasma n.血浆liver n.肝脏metabolism n.新陈代谢urinary system泌尿系统urinary bladder n. [解]膀胱kidney n.肾,腰子,性格nephron n. 『解』肾元,肾单位reproductive system生殖系统reproduction n.生殖puberty n. 发育期；青春期，春情发动期 egg n.蛋,卵sperm n.[生]精液；精子，精虫uterus n. 子宫womb n.子宫fertilize v.使肥沃chromosome n. 染色体pregnant a.怀孕的;意义深长的gene n. 基因,因子embryo n. 胚胎fetus n. 胎儿insemination n. 播种,受胎,授精endocrine system内分泌系统gland n.腺体hormone n. 荷尔蒙，激素secrete vt.分泌；隐藏nervous system『解』神经系统central nervous system中枢神经系统neuron n. 『解剖』神经元reflex n.条件反射neuroscience n. 神经系统科学((任何一门关于神经系统的科学, neurobiology n. 『医』神经生物学12.food 食品food n.食品foodstuff n.食品，粮食food chain『生态』食物链health food健康 [保健] 食品green foodstuff绿色食品convenience food速食 [便利] 食品edible a.可食用的 n.食品,食物inedible a. 不适于食用的,不能吃的diet n.日常饮食dietary a.饮食的FDA Food and Drug Administrationvegetarian n.素食者cereal n.谷类,五谷,禾谷grain n.谷物,谷粒,颗粒flour n.面粉,粉末bread n.面包pastry n.糕点,点心pista面条类食品yeast n.酵母leaven n. 发酵剂，影响力 v. 发酵ferment v.发酵fruit n. 水果,果类,结果salad n.色拉meat n.荤食；肉beef n.牛肉steak n. 肉排,牛排ground beef绞牛肉；牛肉酱hamburger n.汉堡包pork n.猪肉mutton n. 羊肉poultry n.[总称]家禽dairy n.牛奶场,乳制品butter n.黄油,奶油cheese n.乳酪,干酪cream n.奶油ice cream冰淇淋yogurt n.酸奶酪nutrient a. 营养的,滋养的 n. 营养物,滋养物；营养成分carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物glucose n. 葡萄糖fructose n. 果糖maltose n. 麦芽糖starch n.淀粉fat a.肥胖的 n.脂肪,肥肉fat-free a.不含脂肪的protein n.蛋白质vitamin n.维生素calorie n.卡路里nourishing a. 有营养的,滋养多的nutritious a.有营养的malnourished a. 营养失调的,营养不良的nutrition n.营养process加工raw a.生的；未加工的preserve vt.保存additive n.添加剂packaging n. 包装vacuum packing真空包装restaurant n.餐馆,饭店coffee shop n. 咖啡店(=coffee house)cafeteria n. 自助餐厅menu n.菜单bar n.酒吧间,条,杆beverage n.饮料wine n.葡萄酒liquor n.烈性酒alcoholic adj.酒的，含酒精的non-alcoholic不含酒精的；不喝酒的meal n.一餐；粗磨粉oatmeal n. 燕麦片,燕麦粥buffet n.饮食柜台；餐台egg n.蛋,卵fried egg(sunny-side up;over)荷包蛋（单煎一面；煎两面）scrambled egg炒鸡蛋poached egg n.水煮荷包蛋ham and eggs n. 火腿蛋bacon n. 熏猪肉,培根肉sausage n.香肠,腊肠appetizer n.开胃品course n.课程,过程,一道菜dessert n.甜点refreshments n. 点心；茶点banquet n.宴会,盛会,酒席cuisine n. 烹饪recipe n.菜谱;处方spice n.香料,调味品seasoning n.调味品spread涂抹食品的酱dressing填馅；调料bake vt.烤,烘,烧硬roast vt.烤,炙,烘barbecue n.烤肉，野餐broil v.烧；烤grill v.烤,烤问,n.烤架toast vt.烘，烤（面包）n.祝酒,祝酒词；烤面包stew vt.炖；焖simmer v.煨, 炖gourmet n.美食家connoisseur n. 鉴赏家，行家。

SATII物理高频术语之G篇

SATII物理高频术语之G篇Gamma decayA form of radioactivity where an excited atom releases a photon of gamma radiation, thereby returning to a lower energy state. The atomic structure itself does not change in the course of gamma radiation.Gamma rayAn electromagnetic wave of very high frequency.Gold foil experimentAn experiment by Ernest Rutherford that proved for the first time that atoms have nuclei.Gravitational constantThe constant of proportionality in Newton’s Law of Gravitation. It reflects the proportion of the gravitational force and , the product of two particles’ masses divided by the square of the bodies’ separation. N · m2/kg2.Gravitational Potential EnergyThe energy associated with the configuration of bodies attracted to each other by the gravitational force. It is a measure of the amount of work necessary to get the two bodies from a chosen point of reference to their present position. This point of reference is usually chosen to be a point of infinite distance, giving the equation . Objects of mass m that are a height h above the surface of the earth have a gravitational potential energy of .Ground stateIn the Bohr model of the atom, the state in which an electron has the least energy and orbits closest to the nucleus.。

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SAT II物理考试常用术语词汇Physics Glossary
The following list defines all of the bold-faced words you encountered as you read this book.
A–D
A
Absolute zero
The lowest theoretical temperature a material can have, where the molecules that make up the material have no kinetic energy. Absolute zero is reached at 0 K or –273º C.
Acceleration
A vector quantity defined as the rate of change of the velocity vector with time.
Activity
In radioactive substances, the number of nuclei that decay per second. Activity, A, will be larger in large samples of radioactive material, since there will be more nuclei.
Alpha decay
A form of radioactive decay where a heavy element emits an alpha particle and some energy, thus transforming into a lighter, more stable, element.
Alpha particle
A particle, , which consists of two protons and two neutrons. It is identical to the nucleus of a helium atom and is ejected by heavy particles undergoing alpha decay.
Amplitude
In reference to oscillation, amplitude is the maximum displacement of the oscillator from its equilibrium position. Amplitude tells how far an oscillator is swinging back and forth. In periodic motion, amplitude is the maximum displacement in each cycle of a system in periodic motion. The precise definition of amplitude depends on the particular situation: in the case of a stretched string it would be measured in meters, whereas for sound waves it would be measured in units of pressure.
Angle of incidence
When a light ray strikes a surface, the angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal.
Angle of reflection
The angle between a reflected ray and the normal.
Angle of refraction
The angle between a refracted ray and the line normal to the surface.
Angular acceleration
A vector quantity, , equal to the rate of change of the angular velocity vector with time. It is typically given in units of rad/s2.
Angular displacement
The net change, , in a point’s angular position, . It is a scalar quantity.
Angular frequency
A frequency, f, defined as the number of revolutions a rigid body makes in a given time interval. It is a scalar quantity commonly denoted in units of Hertz (Hz) or s–1.
Angular momentum
A vector quantity, L, that is the rotational analogue of linear momentum. For a single particle, the angular momentum is the cross product of the particle’s displacement from the axis of rotation and the particle’s linear momentum, . For a rigid body, the angular momentum is a product of the object’s moment of inertia, I, and its angular veloci ty, .
Angular period
The time, T, required for a rigid body to complete one revolution.
Angular position
The position of an object according to a co-ordinate system measured in s of the angle of the object from a certain origin axis. Conventionally, this origin axis is the positive x-axis.
Angular velocity
A vector quantity, , that reflects the change of angular displacement with time, and is typically given in units of rad/s. To find the direction of the angular velocity vector, take your right hand and curl your fingers along the particle or body’s direction of rotation. Your thumb then points in the direction of the body’s angular velocity.
Antinode
The points midway between nodes on a standing wave, where the oscillations are largest.
Atom
The building blocks of all matter, atoms are made up of a nucleus consisting of protons and neutrons, and a number of electrons that orbit the nucleus. An electrically neutral atom has as many protons as it has electrons.
Atomic number
A number, Z, associated with the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Every element can be defined in s of its atomic number, since every atom of a given element has the same number of protons.
Axis of rotation
The line that every particle in the rotating rigid body circles about.。