英美概况课件Lecture1
英美概况ppt1ppt
The form of the KKK:
(1) the original small group was formed in 1865
(2) the historic Klan was formed in 1867
Ulysses S. Grant 尤里西斯·格兰特
美国第18位总统 (1869--1877年) ，军 事家、政治家，毕业于西 点军校。他规定联邦军队 不得干涉南方内政，使南 方保守派获得一些州政府 的控制权。到1876年， 只有三个rford B. Hayes
黑人法令(black codes)
1866
It’s the southern local laws that limited former slaves’ ability to find work and freedom to move off the plantations. These codes helped convince the Congress that strict Federal control was necessary.
美国内战后出现社会动荡、 种植园经济被破坏等
1863年，林肯提出
“Amnesty and Reconstruction ”
What was the “Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (1863)”?
Amnesty
a general pardon of offenses esp. against government.
The Reconstruction Acts 重建法令
2024版年度《英美概况教案》PPT课件
美国文化与社会
第一季度
第二季度
第三季度
第四季度
多元文化
美国是一个由多民族组 成的国家，拥有丰富多 彩的文化传统。不同民 族和种族的文化在这里 交融，形成了独特的美 国文化。
社会制度
节日与庆典
美国的社会制度以自由、 平等和民主为核心价值。 其教育、医疗、社会保 障等制度相对完善，为 居民提供了较好的生活
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交际策略运用指导
礼貌用语
教授学生使用得体的礼 貌用语，以建立良好的
人际关系。
2024/2/2
非语言交际
了解并运用肢体语言、 面部表情、眼神交流等 非语言交际方式，增强
交际效果。
交际技巧
学习并掌握倾听、表达、 提问、回应等交际技巧，
提高沟通效率。
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解决交际障碍
教授学生如何应对语言 障碍、文化冲突等交际 问题，以化解误会和矛
2024/2/2
网络资源，如官方网站、学术论坛等， 提供更多关于英美的信息和讨论平台
旅游指南和游记分享，激发学生对英 美的兴趣和好奇心，促进跨文化理解。
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THANKS
感谢观看
2024/2/2
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英国课程设置
注重传统学科的教学，如文学、历史、哲学等，同时增加职业 教育和技能培训课程。教学方法以学生为中心，注重启发式教 学和讨论式教学。
2024/2/2
美国课程设置
更加灵活多样，包括社会科学、自然科学、艺术等多个领域。 教学方法强调实践性和创新性，注重培养学生的团队协作和问 题解决能力。
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教育改革与发展趋势分析
条件。
美国有许多重要的节日 和庆典活动，如独立日、 感恩节、圣诞节等。这 些节日和庆典不仅丰富 了美国人的文化生活， 也吸引了众多游客前来
英美概况(美国)第一课
The Contour of the US
Land and Water Resources
America has much excellent farm land and rich pasture land. America has many rivers and lakes, especially in the eastern half of the country. The five Great Lakes cover some 240,000 square kilometers. The Mississippi River is the most important, with nearly two-thirds of the US (between the alachians and Rockies) draining into the river.
Comparisons
Place Size (km2) Pop (millions) Henan 167,000 94.0 Alaska 1,700,000 0.7 Texas 696,000 25 California 424,000 37 New York 141,000 19.3 Wisconsin 169,000 5.7 Montana 381,000 1 South Carolina 83,000 4.6 This is Important! Americans are used to space: personal space and national space. This helps reinforce individualism.
Main Geographic Divisions
1. Atlantic Seacoast and Appalachians (old, rounded mountains) broad in the south, narrow in the north 2. Mississippi River Valley, a large (2,000 km east to west), largely flat area between the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains 3. Rocky Mountains (high, sharp mountains) and Pacific Seacoast
英美概况Lecture 1PPT课件
The Full Name of the British State
The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, usually abbreviated to the United Kingdom or U.K., Great Britain, Britain or informally England. The total area is about 244,820 square kilometers. It Is over 1,000 km from south to north and about 500 km from west to east.
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theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland
Great Britain (England,ScotlandandWales)
Northern Ireland
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People in U.K.
Population: 57.8 million (mid-1991) 60,094,648 (July 2003) 60,441,457 (July 2005)
Lecture1 The United Kingdom
----Land and People
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整体 概述
一 请在这里输入您的主要叙述内容
二
请在这里输入您的主要 叙述内容
三 请在这里输入您的主要叙述内容
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Geography People Sights
Outline
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Warm-up Questions
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英美概况课件
英美概况课件Chapter 1 Land and peopleI. Different Names for Britain and its Parts1.What are the names that come to your mind when people refer to 英国?(1) Britain(2) Great Britain(3) England(4) The British Isles(5) The United Kingdom or the U.K.2.What are these names exactly refer to?Great Britain, the United Kingdom and the British Isles do not mean the same thing.Strictly speaking, the British Isles, Great Britain, and England are geographical names.G reat B ritainE ngland is part of an island called Great Britain, the largest island in Europe. Great Britain is the official name given to the the two kingdoms of England and Scotland, and the principality of Wales. It also includes the small adjacent islands except the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. Sometimes people use the shorten name Britain instead of Great Britain.The term "Great Britain" was used for the first time when England and Scotland became a single kingdom under King James VI of Scotland who became King James I of England in 1603.U nited K ingdomT he United Kingdom consists of Great Britain - the mainisland made up of England, Scotland and Wales - and Northern Ireland.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) was formed in on January 1 1801 and constitutes the greater part of the British Isles. The largest of the islands is Great Britain, which comprises England, Scotland and Wales. The next largest is Ireland, comprising Northern Ireland, whichT he B ritish I slesThe British Isles include the UK, Great Britain, and other islands such as Ireland and the Channel Islands.The British Isles consists of:Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)The whole of IrelandThe Orkney and Shetland IslandsThe Isle of ManThe Inner and Outer HebridesThe Isle of WightScilly IslandsLundy IslandThe Channel IslandsPlus many other offshore islandsSummery:EnglandGreat Britain ScotlandWales U.K.2 large islandsNorthern IrelandBritish Isles IrelandRepublic of IrelandHundreds of (1949)small islands3.What is the official name of Britain?(1) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island(2) For short: Britain, the United Kingdom or U.K.*The Union Jack--refers to the Union Flag or the National flag of the United Kingdom--It is called the Union Flag because it represents the emblems of the four countries united under one Sovereign - the kingdoms of England and Wales, of Scotland and of Ireland (although since 1921 only Northern Ireland has been part of the United Kingdom).--Although the name "Union Jack" is the popular name by which the flag is known to the world, it should strictly, perhaps, only be used for the flag when it is flown as a jack (a small flag flown at the bow of a ship); government documents generally prefer "union flag" as the more universally correct term4.Why do people often us e “England” and “English” to refer to “Britain” and“British”?England is the largest, post populous, and the richest.Largeness Size Pop.England biggest 60% 85%Britain Scotland 2nd largest 30% 1/10Wales smallest 9% 5%5.British imperial expansion“The sun never sets on the British Empire”(1) Ruled 1/4 of the world?s population and 1/4 of world?sland(2) Had colonies in North America, Asia, Africa, Austrialia6.British Commonwealth (Commonwealth of Nations)The term …Commonwealth? has been used to replace the word …Empire? to describe collectively the independent countries associated under the British crow(1) A free association of countries used to be English colonies(2) 53 member countries at present(3) Functions: active in a number of areas including development, democracy, debtmanagement and trade.II. Geographical features1.Geographical positionThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) is situated north-west of the European continent between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. It has a total land area of 244,100 square kilometres, of which nearly 99% is land and the remainder inland water. From north to south it is about 1,000 kilometres long.(1) Northwest of Europe(2) North Atlantic Ocean(3) Separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel2.Geographical features(1) An island country, surrounded by sea(2) Highlands in the north and west(3) Lowlands in the east and southeastA. Part of the great European PlainB. Level land and fertile soilC. farming(4) 3 natural zones in ScotlandA. the highlands in the northB. the central lowlandsC. the southern uplandsIII. Rivers and LakesImportant role of rivers in the country?s economy1.Important Rivers(1)the Severn RiverA.the longest in the countryB.only 338 kilos long(2)the Thames RiverA.the 2nd longestB.the most important riverC.336 kilos longD.Oxford and London are on the river(3)River ClydeA.the most important in ScotlandB.important commercial waterway2.the Lake District(1)in northwest England and North Wales(2)popular tourist attractions(3)the home of the Lake PoetsA.William WordsworthB.Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC.Robert SoutheyIV. Climate1.Typical feature of Britain’s climate“Other countries have a climate; in England we have weather.”The statement is often made by Englishmen to describe the peculiar meteorological conditions of their country.A maritime type of climate(1)rainy---abundant rainfallThe uncertainty about the weather tends to make the Englishmen cautious.“A foreigner may laugh when he sees the Englishman setting forth on a brilliantlysunny morning wearing a raincoat and carrying an umbrella, but he may well regret hislaughter later in the day!”(2)changeable and unpredictable, no clear cut of 4 seasons“In no country other than England, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day! Day may break as a balmy spring morning; an hour or solater black clouds may have appeared from nowhere and the rain may be pouring down.At midday conditions may be really wintry with the temperature down by about eightdegrees or more centigrade. And then, in the late afternoon the sky will clear, the sunwill begin to shine, and for an hour or two before darkness falls, it will be summer.”(3)Mild: no extremesIn England one can experience almost every kind of weather except the most extreme.temperature: 4-6℃in winter, 12-17℃in summer2.Factors influencing the climate(1)the surrounding waters(2)the prevailing south-west winds(3)the North Atlantic Drift (warm current)3.Rainfall(1) a steady reliable rainfall throughout the year(2)uneven distribution of rainA. a water surplus in the north and westB. a water deficit in the south and eastV. The People1.Population of Britain: characteristics(1)Densely populatedVery large population for such a small country.(2)Highly urbanized90% of the population is urban and only 10% rural(3)Unevenly distributedThe population is made up mainly of (composition of British population)A.the English (81.5%)B.the Scottish (9.6%)C.the Welsh (1.9%)D.the Irish (2.4%)2.Different ancestors(1)the English----the Anglo-Saxons(2)the Scots, Welsh, and Irish----the Celts3.Differences in character and speech between southern and northern England(1)Southerners speak the type of English closer to BBC EnglishGenerally speaking, southerners speak the type of English closer to BBC English.They do not have a special accent except the Cockneys from the East End of London.(2)Northerners speak broader EnglishHowever, the northerners speak broader English than thesoutherners, and often leaveout the article “the” and the possessive adjectives “my”, “your”, “their”, etc.4.The way the Welsh keep their language and culture aliveThrough Eisteddfodau (Eisteddfod)(1)The Eisteddfod (literally 'sitting') is a Welsh festival of literature, music, and song. Thetradition of such a meeting of Welsh artists dates back to at least the 12th century.The most important eisteddfod is the National Eisteddfod, held annually and usuallyalternating between North and South Wales, and taking place entirely in the Welshlanguage.(2)The Welsh are music lovers and are proud of their past.(3)Throughout the year they have festivals of song, dance and poetry called Eisteddfod(au),hold competitions in Welsh poetry, music, singing and art to keep the Welsh languageand culture alive.Chapter 2The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)I. Early Settlers (5000 BC—55BC)1. The Iberians伊比利亚人（1）Who were the first known settlers (inhabitants) of Britain?The Iberians（2）When did they come to Britain?At 3000 BC during the New Stone Age（3）How do you know that the Iberians were the firstknown settlers to Britain?A. The proof is the long barrows (古墓冢) found, which were their communal burialmounds (公墓)B. the Stonehenge (圆形巨石群、阵):a.It is a circular group of large standing stones constructed before 2000 BC.b.It is regarded as one of the most important monuments of its kind in Europe.c.Exactly why it was built is unknown but it must have had religious and politicalsignificance.(There are many different ideas about the purpose of Stonehenge: it may have beena center of sun worship, and was perhaps an observatory)d.Some think the Stonehenge is associated with the Celts.2. The Beaker Folk宽口陶器人（以其铃、钟形宽口陶器而闻名）(1) When and where were they from?At about 2000 BC (at the early Bronze Age) the Beaker Folk arrived from the areas now known as Holland and the Rhineland.(2)Why were they so called? (How did they take their name?)from their distinctive bell-shaped drinking vessels (or beakers)(3)How about their civilization? (What did they bring with them?)a)The art of pottery makingb)The ability to fashion (ornament with patterns) bronze toolsc)The custom of individual buriald)The hill forts (堡垒) and small fortified towns (筑堡城镇). TheMaiden Castle is oneof the finest examples.3. The Celts(1) Who were the ancestors of the Scots, Welsh and Irish?The Celts were the ancestors of the Scots, Welsh and Irish(2) When and where were they from?They began to arrive about 700 BC, and may have come from eastern and central Europe, now France, Belgium and Germany(3) What were these people?A.They were Practised farmers. They drained much of the marshlands and built houses ofwood and wickerwork with a weatherproof coating of mud.（带有抗风化的泥层）B.They were ironworkers.(4) What was their religion?Druidism（德鲁伊德教），the Druids—the wise men, astrologers, soothsayers（占卜者）II. Roman Britain (55BC—410AD)1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain?(1)British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.(2)In 55 BC, the great Roman general Julius Caesar invaded Britain for the first time(partly to gather information about the island and partly to punish the Belgae who helped in fighting against the conquering Roman)the invasion was unsuccessful because of resistance, the successful invasion did not take place until nearly a century(3)In AD 43, Emperor Claudius invaded successfully(4)For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, but it was never a totaloccupation.First, as a result of resistance; Secondly, Roman troops were often withdrawn fromBritain to fight in other parts of the Roman Empire.2. the Hadrian’s Wall哈德良长城（公元2世纪，罗马皇帝哈德良下令修建的城墙，用于防御英格兰北部边境，抵抗克尔特部落的进攻）It was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out of the area they had occupied and conquered.(1)After the Roman occupation, the Romans met with fierce resistance and attacks from thetribes of Scotland. These people were called Picts（皮克特人）because of their “paintedfaces”. )(2)The Romans realized that they could not conquer them. So they withdrew from the north,and built two great walls, the Hadrian?s Wall and the Antonine Wall, to resist the attacks)3. the Roman contribution(1) they built a network of towns on their military camps with the capital of London(the suffix –caster or –chester in English place names—Lancaster, Winchester—derives from castra, the Latin word for camp.)(2) the Romans constructed a network of major and secondary roads. From London, roadsradiated all over the country.(3) The Romans made good use of Britain?s natural resources. They built baths, temples,amphitheatres and beautiful villas.(4)The Romans also brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain.4. Why was the Roman influence on Britain so limited?Although Britain became part of the Roman Empire, the Roman impact upon the Britons was surprisingly limited as a result of(1)the Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class.(2)The Romans and the Britons never intermarried during the 4 centuries.(3)The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.III. The Anglo-Saxons (446-871) 盎格鲁-萨克逊人1. Who were the Anglo-Saxons?The Anglo-Saxons referred to the three Teutonic tribes（日而漫部落）who invaded Britain in the mid-5th century. They were Jutes, Saxons and Angles.--The Jutes 朱特人, from today?s Denmark, came to Britain first for assistance to drive outthe Picts and Scots.--Then the Saxons from northern German--The Angles who also came from northern German and were to give their name to the English people.2. How did the Heptarchy (七王国) come into being?During the Anglo-Saxon invasion, the three tribes named the Jutes, the Saxons and the Angles settled in different parts of Britain which was divided into many kingdoms. Among them, there were 7 principle kingdoms of Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria. So they have been given the name of Heptarchy.3. Offa’s Dyke欧发大堤（古代英格兰的巨大土方工程。
英美概况1
Section Three Climate and Weather
1) Britain is well-known for its changeable weather. Even the most experienced British wellweather experts find it hard to give a reliable weather forecast. As a result, English people have evolved the habit of discussing the weather. 2) The climate of Britain is moderated by the Atlantic Gulf Stream and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude, Labrador in Canada, Alaska in America and Heilongjiang in our country. Britain has a maritime climate characterized by abundant rainfall. Which usually comes down in dizzle. The British climate is characterized by its “strange” temperature. We say the temperature in Britain is “strange” because it is “incompatible” with the latitude: in winter the temperature is “too high” while in summer is “too low”. 3) Four seasons
英美概况课件英国地理ppt
19th century poetry and writings of William Wordsworth and other poets.
William Wordsworth
a romantic poet appointed poet laureate in 1843 Living in the Lake district after 1797
英国概况
Chapter 1 General Introduction to Physiographical Features of the UK
• The Locations of the UK • The Physiographical Features of the UK • Rivers and Mountains • Climate and weather • Population • The Major Cities • Exercises and Answers
The Physiographical Features of the UK
• Varied landscape • Flatlands in England • Mountains in Scoltland and Wales
England
England
• A flatland country, also called Lowland zone • Pennines: the backbone of England • Lake district • Highly urbanized
英美国家概况PPT演示课件
Landmarks & Symbols of Edinburgh
Edinburgh Castle
Palace of Holyrood
Major Cities—Cardiff
Europe's youngest capital city has been the capital city of Wales for around 50 years home to an enormous amount of urban regeneration and restoration has recently become one of the most fashionable cities in the United Kingdom.
England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous terrain in the north-west, north and south-west.
3. Major Cities — London
The River Thames
the capital of England and of Great Britain the political center of the Commonwealth a major port one of the world's leading banking and financial centers.
Topography
Northern Ireland: It’s mostly hilly.
Wales: It’s mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous than North and Mid Wales.
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prime meridian GMT
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Map of Europe
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• Britain is situated in Western Europe an of Europe.
• It is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel.(P2.)
• England--- England is very important in the UK. Because the importance is so great that English people tend to use the word when they mean Britain. Many foreigners are often confused, so they follow suit.
Britain and Northern Ireland 4. England
• Which one is correct?
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• The British Isles---It is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of Europe. The group consists of two main islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and numerous smaller islands. Of all the islands, the largest one is called Great Britain. The second largest one is Ireland, which is to the west of Great Britain.
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Main Contents
1. The names 2. Geography 3. National anthem and flag 4. Climate 5. Natural resources
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1.The Names
1. The British Isles. 2. Britain (or Great Britain) 3. The U. K -- The United Kingdom of Great
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2. Geography I. Where is this country?
• Where exactly is it in Europe and in the world?
• What are the neighboring countries?
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Where is it in the world map?
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Classroom activities
• lecture • video/audio clips • discussion • presentation
Let’s work hard together and have fun!
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Lecture 1 General Introduction to Great Britain: (1) ----The land
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Map of Western Europe
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cUapKitalmcitaieps
Total area: 244,019 sq km
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II. physiographic features
lowland area: south & east highland area: north & west
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Maps of the United Kingdom
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• The United Kingdom---It’s the short form for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is the part of the British Isles ruled over by the Queen.
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Map of Europe
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• Britain--- It is the short form for Great Britain. Officially it should be the Great Britain.
• The island of Great Britain is divided into three parts: England in the south, Scotland in the north and Wales in the Southwest.
• To enhance your cultural awareness and lay a solid foundation for cross-cultural communication
• To improve your English listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities through classroom activities and after-class assignments
Ben Nevis (highest mountain on the island of Great Britain)
Lough Neagh (largest lake in the country)
A Brief Introduction to Britain and America
A Brief Introduction to Britain and America
• course aims • classroom activities • grading
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Course Aims
• To broaden your horizon and enlighten you on British and American society and culture