Chronology of America 美国历史编年表
美国历史总结(时间线)
美国历史总结(时间线)美国历史总结(时间线)美国历史可以追溯到15世纪，当时欧洲探险家开始探索新大陆。
以下是美国历史的主要事件和阶段的细化：1. 探索和殖民时期 (1492-1776)1.1 1492年：哥伦布发现新大陆1.2 1607年：詹姆斯敦殖民地成立1.3 1620年：清教徒在普利茅斯建立美洲的第一个英国定居点1.4 1754-1763年：英法七年战争，英国获得法国殖民地控制权2. 独立战争和建国时期 (1776-1789)2.1 1776年7月4日：《独立宣言》签署2.2 1783年：美国赢得独立战争，与英国签署《巴黎和约》2.3 1787年：美国宪法制定会议，制定了美国宪法3. 西部扩张和印第安人移除 (1803-1860)3.1 1803年：路易斯安那购地，使美国西部边界扩大3.2 1812-1815年：美英战争3.3 1830年：印第安人迁移法案通过，开启了印第安人的移除政策4. 奴隶制和南北战争 (1861-1865)4.1 1861年：南北战争爆发，南方州宣布脱离联邦4.2 1863年：林肯签署《解放黑奴宣言》4.3 1865年：南北战争结束，美国通过第十三修正案废除奴隶制5. 工业化和进步时代 (1870-1914)5.1 1869年：第一条跨大陆铁路建成5.2 1898年：美西战争，美国获得了菲律宾、关岛和波多黎各等领土5.3 1903年：罗斯福总统签署了巴拿马运河条约，建成为了跨越美洲的运河6. 两次世界大战和冷战时期 (1914-1991)6.1 1917年：美国参预第一次世界大战6.2 1929年：华尔街股市崩盘，引起大萧条6.3 1941年：袭击珍珠港，美国参预第二次世界大战6.4 1945年：美国投下原子弹，投降6.5 1947年：杜鲁门发表《杜鲁门宣言》，奠定了美国对抗苏联的冷战政策6.6 1991年：苏联解体，结束了冷战时期7. 当代美国 (1991至今)7.1 2001年：9/11恐怖袭击事件7.2 2022年：经济危机，全球金融危机爆发7.3 2022年：贝拉克·奥巴马当选为美国第44任总统7.4 2022年：新冠疫情爆发，成为全球关注的焦点附件列表:1. 独立宣言2. 美国宪法3. 第十三修正案4. 《解放黑奴宣言》5. 《杜鲁门宣言》法律名词及注释：1. 《独立宣言》：美国历史上的宣言文件，宣布美洲十三个殖民地宣布独立并脱离英国王室的统治。
西方史学家年表
西方主要史学家年表古希腊史学1.希罗多德：（约BC485—BC425）古希腊历史学家，西方史学的创立者，其传世之作《历史》是西方史学第一部名副其实的历史著作，首先创立了西方历史编撰学上一种正宗的体裁，开始运用历史批评的方法撰述历史，并且重视历史垂训的功用，在西方史学史上产生了深远的影响，被后世誉为“史学之父”。
2.修昔底德：（约BC460/450—BC400）古希腊历史学家，生活在雅典的极盛时期。
所著《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》为西方传统史学确立了一种范型，即西方政治军事史传统。
他高度发展了古代希腊史学的人本观念，坚持更严格的史料批判原则和重视历史垂训功用，成为西方史家长期效法与尊奉的史学传统，对后世影响深远。
3.色诺芬：（约BC428/430—BC355/350）古希腊历史学家、作家，著书丰富，内容涉及历史、哲学、政治、经济等各方面，主要史学著作有《希腊史》和《长征记》。
古罗马史学4.老伽图：（BC234—BC149）罗马史学的真正奠基者，开创了用拉丁文写作罗马史的先例，著有《罗马历史源流》，从此开始罗马史学的“政治史学”传统。
5.凯撒：（BC100—BC44）古罗马著名政治家、军事家，同时也是一位历史学家，著有《高卢战记》和《内战记》，以前者影响最大。
6.李维：（BC59—AD17）古罗马历史学家，主要著有巨作《建城以来史》（又译《罗马史》），全书142卷，但目前仅存35卷及少量片断。
李维创立了通史体例，并重视历史垂训，且文笔优美，但其陷入了历史循环论，对某些史料缺乏分析批判，影响史实可靠性，尽管如此，其著作对于罗马早期历史的研究仍具有很高的史料价值。
7.塔西佗：（55—120）是古罗马最伟大的历史学家，他继承并发展了李维的史学传统和成就。
主要著作有《日耳曼尼亚志》、《历史》和《编年史》，他强调信史实录以及道德教化作用，并对罗马帝国初期的社会状况作了深刻的揭露，反对暴政，怀念歌颂共和，因而透露出浓厚悲观主义情绪。
美国历史总结(时间线)
美国历史总结(时间线)美国历史总结(时间线)1：美洲原住民时代- 公元前15,000年至公元前1,000年左右，美洲原住民在北美大陆定居和发展。
- 不同部落在经济、社会和宗教方面有各自的特点，如印第安人、伊努伊特人和马雅人等。
2：殖民地时代 (1607-1776)a：英国殖民地的建立- 1607年，弗吉尼亚公司在维吉尼亚建立了詹姆斯敦殖民地，成为第一个英国殖民地。
- 随后，其他英国殖民地纷纷建立，如马萨诸塞、宾夕法尼亚和纽约等。
b：七年战争- 1754-1763年，七年战争（法印战争）爆发，法国在北美地区的殖民地失去了大片土地，英国殖民地扩张。
c：独立革命 (1775-1783)- 1775年，美国殖民地爆发独立革命，推翻英国统治。
- 1776年，美国独立宣言签署，确立了独立的地位。
- 1783年，在巴黎和谈中，英国承认美国独立。
3：建国时期 (1783-1800)a：建立联邦- 1787年，美国宪法起草并获得批准，建立了联邦。
- 1789年，美国第一届总统乔治·华盛顿就职。
b：路易斯安那购地和扩张- 1803年，美国通过路易斯安那购地扩大领土，从法国购得大片土地。
4：内战时期 (1861-1865)a：南北战争- 1861年，南部十一个州宣布脱离联邦，导致南北战争爆发。
- 1865年，北方胜利，废除奴隶制度，确保联邦统一。
5：工业化和西部拓荒时期 (1865-1900)a：工业化进程- 19世纪末，美国工业化迅速发展，铁路建设、钢铁和石油工业蓬勃发展，工业资本主义兴起。
b：西部拓荒和印第安人问题- 1862年通过土地法案，鼓励移民西部定居，导致与印第安人的冲突。
- 1890年，印第安人战争结束，西部拓荒达到顶峰。
6：两次世界大战和后冷战时期 (1900-2000)a：两次世界大战- 1917年，美国参加第一次世界大战，结束后成为世界大国。
- 1941年，美国在珍珠港遭到袭击，加入第二次世界大战。
美国史年表
马克·吐温、海明威、
普莱斯利
格里菲斯
7月4日，通过《独立宣言》（平等与天赋人权、主权在民、人民革命权利）
（美国诞生；
第一次以政治纲领形式宣布民主共和国的原则；
人的权利神圣不可侵犯；
“世界上第一个人权宣言”；
推动欧洲资阶革命，直接影响法国大革命，推动亚非拉民解运动；
法制观念、民主传统
局限性）
1777
大陆会议通过《联邦条例》（联邦国会是唯一的中央政府机关）
美等23个国家在日内瓦签署《关税与贸易总协定》
1948
马歇尔计划（经济；欧洲经济援助计划；扶持控制西欧，遏制共产主义）
1949
签订《北大西洋公约》（华盛顿）
成立北约（北大西洋公约组织；军事政治集团）
1950
朝鲜战争（1950-1953）爆发，中美关系彻底破裂（联合国军vs志愿军）
1954
海明威获诺贝尔文学奖
1961
美国发动越南战争（1961-1973）
1969
互联网诞生Hale Waihona Puke 军事）“阿波罗11”号登月
1971
最终实现普选权
1973
经济危机（“滞涨”）
美军从越南撤军
1992
美、加、墨签订《北美自由贸易协定》（以美国为中心）
1993
制定建设信息高速公路计划
1994
北美自由贸易区成立
2001
9月11日，“9·11”事件（国际恐怖主义）
1894
美国成为世界经济霸主
1903
莱特兄弟·飞机（内燃机动力）
1912
民主党候选人威尔逊当选总统
现代时期（资义和社义社会并存：1917年-）
1917
美国国会图书馆分类法
美国国会图书馆分类法《美国国会图书馆分类法》Library of Congress Classification,LC美国国会图书馆在馆长G.H.普特南主持下根据本馆藏书编制的综合性等级列举式分类法。
1899年参考C.A.卡特的《展开式分类法》拟定最早的大纲，然后按大类陆续编制并分册出版，1901年发表分类大纲，1902年出版"Z目录学"分册,至1985年总共出版36个分册，总篇幅超过1万页，除了法律大类尚未全部编完外,其余各大类绝大部分在1901～1938年间出版。
有的大类已出版了修订三、四版。
体系结构 LC共分20个大类，其中历史占3个大类，军事占2个大类：A 总论B 哲学、心理学、宗教C 历史辅助科学D 历史：世界史及世界古代史E/F 历史：美洲史G 地理、地图、人类学、娱乐H 社会科学J 政治学K 法律L 教育M 音乐N 美术P 语言、文学Q [自然]科学R 医学S 农业T 技术U 军事科学V 海军科学Z 目录学、图书馆学各大类除主表外，大多编有专用复分表 (包括形式、地区、年代、主题等)，且分别附有字顺索引。
标记符号 LC采用拉丁字母和阿拉伯数字相结合的混合标记符号。
一、二级类目用字母标记，三至六级类目用数字标记，按顺序制编号。
为了便于扩充，六级之后加一小数点，或用小数制展开，或用字母或字母-数字展开。
例如LC第4版农业大类：S 农业SB 植物栽培189 禾谷类作物总论.5 育种.53 品种.54 细胞与组织培养.....................191 各种禾类作物，A-Z.A42 苋属野燕麦，见W53.B2 大麦.M2 玉米参见SB191.P64，爆裂玉米SB351.C7，甜玉米特点①实用性强。
专为美国国会图书馆排架使用而编制，从类目安排到号码配置，都处处考虑该馆藏书的实际需要。
②类目详尽，多达20多万个，成为世界上类目最多、篇幅最大的分类法。
③不仅可适用于综合性图书馆，而且也适用于相应的专业图书馆。
美国历史英文版a brief history of USA
American Brief HistoryBefore Colonial periodForty thousand years ago, a group of Rangers from Asia through North America to Central and South America, these people are the ancestors of the Indians. Indians living in the Americas when Columbus reached the New World ,There are about 30 million, of which about 20 million people live in Canada and the United States, north-central, the rest of the vast majority live in Mexico and the United States south. About 10,000 years ago, there are another group of Asians migrated to northern North America, which is later Eskimos. The earliest American Caucasian may be Vikings, they are a group of adventurous fishing, some people think that 1,000 years ago, they have been to the east coast of North America.Colonial periodIn 1607, one of about 100 people of colonial groups in Chesapeake Beach Jamestown, which is the first permanent colony built by the British in North America, after 150 years, one after another coming Many colonists settled in the coastal areas, many of them from the United Kingdom, and also in part from France, Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland and other countries. The mid-18th century, the 13 British colonies gradually formed, they have their own government and Parliament in the highest British sovereignty. The 13 colonial area due to the differences of climate and geographical environment, resulting in economic patterns around, the difference between the political system and the concept.Independence MovementThe mid-18th century, the British colonies in the Americas and the United Kingdom, the existing cracks. With the continuous expansion of the colony, and gradually make them aware of the seriousness of the developments, which sprouted the idea of an independent.In 1773, the Boston Tea Party, anti-British colonists dumping.In 1774, representatives from 13 states gathered in Philadelphia, convened the First Continental Congress, hoping to solve the problem peacefully and the United Kingdom. King, however, adhere to the colony must unconditionally surrender to the British king, and accept the punishment. 1775, in Massachusetts, to Lexington flames of war, the outbreak of the War of Independence in North America.Held in Philadelphia in May 1776, the Second Continental Congress, staunch war with the independent determination, and published his famous "Declaration of Independence", put forward a good reason to fight the battle. Issued the "Declaration of Independence" is considered to be the beginning of the establishment by the United States, this day (July 4) was also the United States as a National Day.In October 1777, Saratoga victory, reversing the negative trend of the war of independence early. The campaign to make the American people's confidence, and international support.France and the United States signed a military alliance treaty in February 1778, France officially recognized the United States. France, Spain, the Netherlands have war.In 1781, the Battle of Yorktown Victory, the U.S. military has won a decisive victory. Yorktown after the battle, in addition to the sea there are several warring and sporadic fighting on land, the war of the North American continent has basically stopped.The success of the revolution, the American people have the opportunity to express their political ideas in legislative form. Federal Assembly 1787, held in Philadelphia, in Washington pushed for President, they take a matter of principle, that the central authority is a general, but there must beprudent regulations and instructions, at the same time, they also accept the fact that national government must tax, coin money, to adjust the commercial, a declaration of war and the power to enter into treaties. In addition, in order to prevent the central authority is too large, and to take the politics Montesquieu doctrine, that the Government set three equal cooperation with the department, that the three powers of the legislative, executive, and judicial checks and balances to reconcile checks and balances, rather than make any rights accounted for controlling position.In 1812, Britain again invaded the newly established United States, known as the Second War of Independence, the post-war U.S. states more united.Westward expansionThe early 19th century, thousands of people across the Appalachian Mountains, moved west. Some pioneers, emigrated to the United States border, belong to the territory of Latin America north of Mexico, between Alaska and California, Oregon and even depth.In 1846, the outbreak of the Mexican-American War, the United States expanded their area.Civil WarThe cause of the Civil War, not only economic, political, military and ideological conflict. The civil war has exposed the weakness of the United States. The existence of this country, and made some test. After the test, the United States was moving towards the royal road to a centralized modern state. Slavery issue between the North and the South would disagree, the main policy of the South in national politics, in the protection and expansion of the interests represented by the system of cotton and slaves; northern states, mainly manufacturing, commercial and financial center These production without relying on slaves.This economic and political conflict is long-standing. The early 1860s, 11 Southern states seceded from the Union, and another group of government, said of the North, will be willing to pay any price in order to unify. In 1861, civil war broke out in this bloody war Americans face-to-face, after four years. April 9, 1865, the southern government failed, this victory is not only the U.S. recovery unified, but also from all over the country is no longer the purposes of slavery. Industrialization and reformThe early 19th century, the United States began to industrialization after the civil war entered a mature stage. Become urbanized country in less than 50 years from the Civil War to World War I, the United States from a rural republic. From the 1890-1917 year for the past 30 years, is known as the so-called "progressive period". In 1914, the outbreak of World War I; 1917, the United States was involved in World War whirlpool, and try to play a new role in the world.Great Depression and World War IIAffected by the Great Depression is not just the United States, the countries of the world have been implicated. Great Depression, millions of workers are unemployed, a large number of farmers were forced to give up farmland, factory shops closed, and bank failures in a recession. In 1932, Franklin Roosevelt (1882 to 1945) was elected president, he advocated that the government should take action to end the Great Depression, and then launched a series of policies to a temporary solution to alleviate many difficulties, but the economy of the United States or to the Second World World War II after waking up. After World War II, with the defeat of the Axis powers, Britain and France, the strength of the recession, the United States and the Soviet Union became a superpower, the world was divided into two camps of the East and the West. The United States and the Soviet Union and their respective camps were busy preparing the various aspects ofthe military, political, economic, and propaganda, as in wartime. This state is known as the "Cold War".During the Cold WarThe history of the United States since 1960, many ways is still a continuation of the post-war development. Economic aspects in addition to the cyclical downturn is still expanding; moved from the city to the suburbs of the population continues to increase, and in 1970, ranking rural population of more than the home city population. Early 1960, blacks become the main problem within the United States.The mid-1960s, many Americans began to be dissatisfied with the government's foreign policy. In addition, due to the concentration of industrial development and population, the late 1960s, the ecological environment pollution wide attention. Since the early 1970s, the recession caused by the energy crisis of the worst. The mid-1970s, the U.S. economy once recovery. But not period in the 1970s, and inflation.In 1976, the 200th anniversary of the founding of the United States, the country held various celebrations. The United States in the Cold War eventually caused the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States as the world's only superpower, the ideological barriers between the two camps in the world is broken. April 12, 1981, the United States launched the space shuttle Columbia, humans have brought in another space a new era. Terrorist attacks and counter-terrorism policy9.11 in New York and Washington in 2001, "have an enormous impact on the United States and the world, this event is by far the most serious terrorist attacks in human history. The U.S. government condemned this incident and stand by the sympathy and support of most countries; around the world after the events in a variety of commemorative activities. The incident also led to a U.S. foreign policy focused on dealing with the threat of terrorism. The U.S. government started the war on terror and action to overthrow the Taliban regime in Afghanistan in October 2001. In 2003, the United States launched the war in Iraq, the overthrow of the regime of Saddam Hussein, the Iraqi interim government. • May 1, 2011, the Osama bin Laden in the Pakistani capital of Islamabad, the U.S. Navy Seals killed.。
历史事件汇表
历史事件汇表华盛顿任总统（1789年）在1789年4月30日，乔治·华盛顿正式宣誓就职，成为美国历史上第一位总统。
华盛顿在任期内为美国立下了许多重要的国家基础。
他的领导能力和谨慎的决策让他成为美国历史上最伟大的领导人之一。
法国大革命（1789年-1799年）法国大革命是发生在18世纪末的一场政治和社会变革。
这场革命的主要目标是推翻旧的君主制，建立起一个基于人权和民主原则的政府。
这场革命不仅影响了法国本身，也对欧洲和世界历史产生了深远影响。
工业革命（18世纪末-19世纪初）工业革命是从18世纪末开始的一场以机械工业为核心的经济转型。
这场革命引发了商业、农业、制造业和交通运输等领域的巨大变革。
工业革命的推动者包括蒸汽机、纺织机械和铁路等创新技术。
这场革命改变了人们的生活方式，加速了城市化和全球化的进程。
第一次世界大战（1914年-1918年）第一次世界大战是从1914年到1918年的一场全球性战争。
这场战争的起因是林肯号事件和萨拉热窝事件等。
参战国之间的冲突导致了一系列军事行动，造成了巨大的损失和伤亡。
这场战争结束了许多皇室王朝的统治，对后来的世界格局产生了深远的影响。
南非种族隔离（1948年-1994年）南非种族隔离是一种以种族为基础的歧视制度，由南非国民党在1948年至1994年期间实施。
这个制度将南非的种族分为白人、印度人和非洲人，并对每个种族实行不同的法律和政策。
这个制度导致了严重的社会不平等和种族冲突，在国际上受到广泛谴责。
1994年，南非举行了第一次全面的民主选举，结束了种族隔离制度。
柏林墙倒塌（1989年）柏林墙是东德政府于1961年建立的一道围墙，用于阻止东德居民逃往西德。
这道墙成为东西方冷战对峙的象征。
1989年，东德宣布对公民出境限制的松动，不久后，数以千计的东德人涌入柏林墙，该墙最终在11月9日被推倒。
柏林墙的倒塌标志着东西德统一的开始，也象征着冷战的结束。
中国加入WTO（2001年）中国加入世界贸易组织（WTO）是一个重要的历史事件。
专八人文知识：美国文学各个时期作家作品
美国文学Part 1. Colonial AmericaThomas Paine托马斯·潘恩1737-1809The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；Common Sense常识；American Crisis美国危机；Rights of Man人的权利：Downfall of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；The Age of Reason理性时代Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺1752-1832The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship英国囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地Jonathan EdwardsThe Freedom of the Will The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended The Nature of True VirtueBenjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林1706-1790A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;Poor Richard’s Almanack穷查理历书；The Way to Wealth致富之道；The Autobiography自传Part 2. American RomanticismWashington Irving华盛顿·欧文1783-1859A History of New Y ork纽约的历史-----美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；The Sketch Book见闻札记The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；Talks of Travellers旅客谈；The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉James Fenimore Cooper詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀1789-1851The Spy间谍;The Pilot领航者;The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;Leatherstocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deerslayer杀鹿者Part 3.New England TranscendentalismRalf Waldo Emerson拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生1803-1882Essays散文集:Nature论自然-----新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书;The American Scholar论美国学者;Divinity;The Oversoul论超灵;Self-reliance论自立;The Transcendentalist超验主义者;Representative Men代表人物;English Traits英国人的特征;School Address神学院演说Concord Hymn康考德颂;The Rhodo杜鹃花;The Humble Bee野蜂;Days日子-首开自由诗之先Henry David Threau亨利·大卫·梭罗1817-1862Wadden,or Life in the Woods华腾湖或林中生活;Resistance to Civil Government/Civil Disobedience抵制公民政府;A Week on the Concord and Merrimack RiversHenry Wadsworth Longfellow亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗1807-1882The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌----美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗;V oices of the Night夜吟;Ballads and Other Poens民谣及其他诗;Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗;Tales of a Wayside Inn路边客栈的故事---诗集：An April Day四月的一天/A Psalm of Life 人生礼物/Paul Revere’s Ride保罗·里维尔的夜奔;Evangeline伊凡吉琳;The Courtship of Miles Standish迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的求婚----叙事长诗；Poems on Slavery奴役篇---反蓄奴组诗Nathaniel Hawthorne纳撒尼尔·霍桑1804-1864Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事;Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔:Y oung Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼·布朗;The Scarlet Letter红字;The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子--------心理若们罗曼史;The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇;The Marble Faun玉石雕像Herman Melville赫尔曼·梅尔维尔1819-1891Moby Dick/The White Whale莫比·迪克/白鲸；Typee泰比;Omoo奥穆;Mardi玛地;Redburn 雷得本;White Jacket白外衣;Pierre皮尔埃;Piazza广场故事;Billy Budd比利·巴德Walt Whitman沃尔特·惠特曼1819-1892Leaves of Grass草叶集:Song of the Broad-Axe阔斧之歌;I hear America Singing我听见美洲在歌唱;When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom’d小院丁香花开时;Democratic V istas民主的前景;The Tramp and Strike Question流浪汉和罢工问题;Song of Myself自我之歌Emily Dickinson埃米莉·迪金森1830-1886The Poems of Emily Dichenson埃米莉·迪金森诗集-----“Tell all the truth and tell it slant”迂回曲折的，玄学的Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·爱伦·坡1809-1849（以诗为诗；永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人-----叶芝）Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪诞奇异故事集;Tales故事集;The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌;Ligeia莱琪儿;Annabel Lee安娜贝尔·李-----歌特风格；首开近代侦探小说先河，又是法国象征主义运动的源头Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木儿和其他诗;Al Araaf,Tamerlane and Minor Poems艾尔·阿拉夫，帖木儿和其他诗;The Raven and Other Poems乌鸦及其他诗:The Raven乌鸦;The City in the Sea海城;Israfel 伊斯拉菲尔;To Hellen致海伦Harriet Beecher Stowe哈丽特·比彻·斯托1811-1896Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋;A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp德雷德阴暗大沼地的故事片;The Minister’s Wooing牧师的求婚;The Pearl of Orr’s Island奥尔岛的珍珠;Oldtown Folks老城的人们Part 4. The age of RealismWilliam Dean Howells 威廉·狄恩·豪威尔斯1837-1920The Rise of Silas Lapham赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹;A Modern Instance现代婚姻; A Hazard of Now Fortunes时来运转;A Traveller from Altruia从利他国来的旅客;Through the Eye of the Needle透过针眼----乌托邦小说;Criticism and Fiction;Novel-Writing and Novel-Reading小说创作与小说阅读23、Henry James享利·詹姆斯1843-1916小说：Daisy Miller苔瑟·米乐；The Portrait of a Lady贵妇人画像；The Bostonians波士顿人；The Real Thing and Other Tales真货色及其他故事；The Wings of the Dove鸽翼；The Ambassadors大使；The Golden Bowl金碗评论集：French Poets and Novelists法国诗人和小说家;Hawthorne霍桑;Partial Portraits不完全的画像;Notes and Reviews札记与评论;Art of Fiction and Other Essays小说艺术Part 5. Local ColorismMark Twain马克·吐温（Samuel Longhorne Clemens）---美国文学的一大里程碑The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙;The Innocent’s Abroad傻瓜出国记;The Gilded Age镀金时代;The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆·索耶历险记;The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫儿;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利·费恩历险记;A Connecticut Y ankee in King Arthur’s Court亚瑟王宫中的美国佬;The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson傻瓜威尔逊;Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉·达克;The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人How to Tell a Story怎样讲故事---对美国早期幽默文学的总结Part 6. American NaturalismStephen Crane斯蒂芬·克莱恩1871-1900Magic:A Girl of the Streets街头女郎梅姬（美国文学史上首次站在同情立场上描写受辱妇女的悲惨命运）；The Red Badge of Courage红色英勇勋章；The Open Boat小划子;The Bride Comes to Y ellow Sky新娘来到黄天镇Frank Norri s弗兰克·诺里斯1870-1902Moran of the Lady Letty茱蒂夫人号上的莫兰（romantic）;Mc-Teague麦克提格（naturalistic）;The Epic of the Wheat(realistic)小麦诗史(The Octopus章鱼,The Pit小麦交易所);A Deal in Wheat and Other Stories of the Old and New West小麦交易所及其他新老西部故事Theodore Dreiser西奥多·德莱塞1871-1945Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹;Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘;Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic);An American Tragedy美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说）;Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗Edwin Arlington Robinson鲁宾逊1869-1935Captain Craig克雷格上尉---诗体小说；The Town Down the River河上的城镇;The Man Against the Sky衬托着天空的人;A von’s Harvest沃冯的收成;Collected Poems诗集40、Jack London杰克·伦敦1876-1916The Son of the Wolf狼之子,The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤;The Sea-wolf海狼;White Fang白獠牙;The People of the Abyss深渊中的人们;The Iron Heel铁蹄;Marti Eden马丁·伊登;How I become a Socialist我怎样成为社会党人;The War of the Classes阶级之间的战争;What Life Means to Me生命对我意味着什么;Revolution革命;Love of Life热爱生命;The Mexican墨西哥人;Under the Deck A wings在甲板的天蓬下Upton Sinclair厄普顿·辛克莱尔1878-1968Spring and Harvest春天与收获;The Jungle屠场（揭发黑幕运动的代表作家）;King Coal煤炭大王;Oil石油;Boston波士顿;Dragon’s Teeth龙齿Part 7. The 1920sImagism Ezra Pound艾兹拉·庞德1885-1972The Spirit of Romance罗曼司精神;The Anthology Des Imagistes意像派诗选;Cathay华夏（英译中国诗）;Literary Essays文学论;Hugh Swlwyn Mauberley;A Few Don’ts by Imagiste意像派戒条;Personage面具;Polite Essays文雅集;The Cantos of Ezra Pound庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿）Thomas Stearns Eliot托马斯·艾略特1888-1965Prufrock and Other Observations普罗夫洛克（荒原意识）;The Waste Land荒原(The Burial of the Dead死者的葬礼;A Game of Chess弈棋;The Fire Sermon火诫;Death by Water水边之死;What the Thunder Said雷电之言);名诗：Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三;Four Quarters四个四重奏诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案;Family Reunion大团圆;Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会Wallace Stevens华莱士·史蒂文斯1879-1955Harmonium风琴;The Man With the Blue Guitar弹蓝吉他的人;Notes Toward a Supreme Fiction关于最高虚构的札记(Peter Quince at the Clavier彼得·昆斯弹风琴;Sunday Morning礼拜天早晨);The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦;Collected Poems诗集William Carlos Williams威廉·卡罗斯·威廉斯1883-1963收入Des Imagistes意像派（意像派的第一部诗选）诗集：Sour Grapes;Spring and All春;The Desert Music;The Journey of Love爱的历程;Collected Poems;Complete Poems;Collected Later Poems;Pictures from Brueghel布留盖尔的肖像;Paterson佩特森（5卷长诗）;Asphodal,That Green Flower常青花日光兰（长诗）名诗：Red Wheelbarrow红色手推车;The Widow’s Lament in Spring寡妇的春怨;The Dead Baby;The Sparrow ,to My Father麻雀—致父亲;Proletarian Portrait无产阶级画像（from An Early Martyr先驱）;The Great American Novels伟大的美国小说;In the American Grain美国性格;Autobiography自传Robert Frest罗伯特·弗罗斯特1874-1963A Boy’s Wish少年心愿；North of Boston波士顿之北(Mending Wall修墙,After Apple-picking 摘苹果之后);Mountain Interval山间（成熟阶段）(The Road Not taken没有选择的道路);West-running Brook西流的溪涧;A Further Range又一片牧场;A Witness Tree一株作证的树Carl Sandburg卡尔·桑德堡1878-1967Always the Y oung Stranger永远是陌生的年轻人s;In Reckless Ecstasy肆无忌惮的狂热;The Prairie Y ears草原的年代一、二;The War Y ears战争的年代（林肯传记）;The American Songbag 美国歌袋;The People,Y es人民，好;Honey and Salt蜜与盐;Corn-huskers辗米机（Fog雾）;Smoke and Steel烟与钢E Cumings肯明斯1894-1962Tulips anddd Chimneys郁金香与烟囱;The Enormous Room大房间;XLI Poems诗41首;Viva万岁;No，Thanks不，谢谢;Collected Poems诗集;Eimi爱米（访苏游记）F Scott Fitzgerald弗朗西斯·菲茨杰拉德1896-1940(迷惘的一代)The Side of Paradise人间天堂;The Beautiful and the Damned美丽的和倒霉;The Great Gatsby 了不起的盖茨比;Tender in the Night夜色温柔;The Last Tycoon最后的巨头短篇小说：Flappers and Philosophers姑娘们和哲学家们;Tales of the Jazz爵士时代的故事;Taps at Reveille早晨的起床号→The Ice Palace冰宫;May Days五一节;The Diamond as Big as the Ritz像里茨饭店那样大的钻石;Winter Dreams冬天的梦;The Rich Boy富家子弟;Babylon Revisted重访巴比伦敦The Crack-up崩溃（自传体文集）Ernest Hemingway欧内斯特·海明威1899-1961（“迷惘的一代”的代表人物）In Our Time在我们的年代里;The Torrents of Spring春潮;The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起;Farewell to Arms永别了，武器;For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣短篇小说：Men Without Women没有女人的男人;The Winners Take Notheing胜者无所获;The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇政论：To Have and Have Not贫与富回忆录：A Moveable Feast到处逍遥William Faulkner威廉·福克纳1897-1962The Marble Faun云石林神（诗集）;Soldiers’Pay兵饷（小说）短篇小说：Dry September干燥的九月;The Sound and the Fury愤怒与喧嚣;As I lay dying当我垂死的时候;Light in August八月之光;Absalom,Absolam押沙龙，押沙龙（家世小说）Sherwood Anderson舍伍德·安德森1876-1941Windy McPherson’s Son饶舌的麦克斐逊的儿子;Marching Men前进中的人们;Mid-American Chants美国中部之歌;Winesburg,Ohio/The Book of the Grotesque俄亥俄州的温斯堡/畸人志;Poor White穷苦的白人;Many Marriages多种婚姻;Dark Laughter阴沉的笑声The Triumph of the Egg and Other Stories鸡蛋的胜利和其他故事;Death in the Woods and Other Stories林中之死及其他故事;I Want to Know Why我想知道为什么Sinclair Lewis辛克莱·刘易斯1885-1951(美国第一个获诺贝尔奖)Dur Mr Wrenn我们的雷恩先生;The Job求职;The Main Street大先进;Babbitt巴比特;Arrowsmith艾罗史密斯;Elmer Gantry艾尔默·甘特里;Dodsworth多兹沃斯;It can’t Happen Here事情不会发生在这里;Kingsblood Royal王孙梦Villa Sibert Cather维拉·凯塞1873-1947O,Pioneers啊，先驱们;My Antonia我的安东尼亚;The Professor’s House教授之家;Death Comes for the Archibishop大主教之死Thomas Wolfe托马斯·沃尔夫1900-1938Look Homeward,Angel天使，望乡→（续）Of Time and the River时间与河流;The Web and the Rock蛛网与岩石;Y ou Can’t Go Home Again有家归不得;The Hills Beyond远山（未完成）短篇小说：From Death to Morning从死亡到早晨Part 8. The 1930sJohn Dos Passos帕索斯1896-1970The Three Soldiers;Manhattan Transfer;U.S.A(The Forty-second Parallel;1919;The Big Money);District of Columbia哥伦比亚大区(The Adventures of a Y oung Man一个年轻人的冒险;Number One第一号;The Grand Design伟大的计划);Orient Express东方特别快车（游记）John Steinbeck约翰·斯坦贝克1902-1966Cup of Gold金杯;Tortilla Flat煎饼房;In Dubious Battle胜负未定;Of Mice and Men鼠和人;The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄;The Moon is Down月亮下去了;Cannery Row罐头厂街;The Pearl珍珠短篇小说：The Red Pony小红马(The Gift,The Great Mountains大山;The Promise许诺,The Leader of the People人们的领袖)Part 9. Black American LiteratureFrederick Douglass弗莱德里克·道格拉斯1817-1895Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass an American Slave弗莱德里克·道格拉斯，一个美国黑人的自述/My Bondage and My Freedom我的枷锁与我的自由/The life and Time of Frederick Douglass弗莱德里克·道格拉斯的生平与时代Booker T. WashingtonWilliam E·B Dubois威廉·艾伯·杜波依斯1868-1963Souls of Black Folk黑人的灵魂(Of Booker T Washington and Others);The Suppression of the African Slave Trade into the USA制止非洲奴隶贸易进入美国;The Philadephia Negro;John Brown;The Black Flame黑色的火焰（三部曲）James Langston Hughes詹姆斯·兰斯顿·休斯1902-1969Mulatto混血儿（剧本）;The Weary Blues疲倦的歌声;Dear Lovely Death亲爱的死神;Shakespear in Harlem哈莱姆的莎士比亚;I Wonder as I Wander我漂泊我思考;The Best of Simple辛普尔精选Ralph Ellison拉尔夫·埃利林1914-长篇小说：Invisible Man看不见的人散文集：Shadow and Act影子与行动;Going to the Territory步入文学界James Baldwin詹姆斯·鲍德温1924-1987散文集：Note of a Native Son土生子的笔记;Nobody Knows My Name;Fire Next Time下一次烈火;No Name in the Street他的名字被遗忘;The Devil Finds Work魔鬼找到工作小说：Go Tell it on the Mountain向苍天呼吁;Giovanni’s Room乔万尼的房间;Another Country 另一个国度;Tell Me How Long the Train’s Been Gone告诉我火车已开多久;If Beale Street Could Talk假如比尔能说话;Just Above My Head就在我头上短篇小说集：Going to Meet the Man去见这个人剧本：The Amen Corner阿门角;Blues for Mister Charley为查理先生唱布鲁斯/黑人怨;One Day When I was Lost有一天当我迷失的时候/迷路前后Gwendolyn BrooksPart 10. American DramaEugene Oneil尤金·奥尼尔1888-1953独幕剧：Bound East to Cardiff东航卡迪夫;The Long V oyage Home归途迢迢;The Moon of the Carribbeans加勒比人之月多幕剧：Beyond the Horizon天边外（其成名作）;Anna Christie安娜·克里斯蒂;The Emperor Jones琼斯皇;The Hairy Ape毛猿;All the God’s Children Got Wings上帝的儿女都有翅膀The Great God Brown大神布朗;The Strange Interlude奇异的插曲;Mourning Becomes Electr素娥怨/悲悼a;The Iceman Cometh送冰的人来了;The Long Days Journey Into Night进入黑夜的漫长旅程/日长路远夜常深沉Clifford OdetsJ D Salinger杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格1919-短篇小说：The Y oung Folks年轻人短篇小说集：Nine Stories故事九篇中篇小说：Franny弗兰尼;Zooey卓埃;Raise High the Roof Beam,Carpenters木匠们，把屋梁升高;Seymour:An Introduction西摩其人长篇小说：The Cather in the Rye麦田守望者Tennessee William田纳西·威廉斯1911-1983American Blues美国的布鲁斯;Battle of Angels天使的战斗;The Glass Menagerie玻璃动物园;The Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车;Cat on a Hot Tin Roof热铁皮屋顶上的猫;The Night of The Iguana鬣蜥之夜;Summer and Smoke夏与烟;The Rose Tattoo玫瑰纹;Sweet Bird of Y out 可爱的青春鸟Arthur Miller阿瑟·米勒1915-Situation Normal情况正常;The Man Who Had All the Luck吉星高照的人;All My Sons都是我的儿子;The Death of a Salesman推销员;The Crucible严峻的考验/萨姆勒的女巫;A View from the Bridge桥头眺望;A Memory of Two Mondays两个星期一的回忆;After the Fall堕落之后;Incident at Vichy维希事件;The Price代价;The Creation of the World and Other Business创世及其他;The Archbishop’s Ceiling大主教的天花板;The American Clock美国时钟Edward Albee爱德华·阿尔比1928-The Zoo Story动物园的故事;The Death of Bessie Smith贝西·史密斯之死;The Sandbox沙箱;The American Dream美国梦;Who’s Afraid of V irginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫;Tiny Alice小爱丽丝;A Delicate Balance脆弱的羊群;Seascape海景;The Lady from Dubuque来自杜布克的女人;The Man With Three Arms在臂人Part 11. The Post-War Scene: The Novel . PoetrySaul Bellow索尔·贝娄1915-长篇小说：Dangling Man晃来晃去/挂起来的人;The V ictim受害者;The Adventure of Augie March奥基·马奇历险记;Henderson the Rain King雨王汉德逊;Herzog赫索格;Mr Summlar’s Planet塞姆勒先生的行星;Humboldt’s Gift洪堡的礼物中篇小说：Seize the Day且乐今朝Norman Mailer诺曼·米勒1923- (垮掉的一代；文学恐怖主义者/亡命之徒)裸者与死者；Barbary Shore巴巴里海滨;The Deer Park廘苑;An American Dream一场美国梦;The White Negro白色黑人;Advertisement for Myself为自己做广告;Why Are We in V ietnam?我们为什么要去越南;The Executioner’s Song刽子手之歌;The Armies of the Night夜色幕下的大军(History as a Novel/The Novel as History)—非虚构小说;New Journalism新新闻报道Joseph Heller约瑟夫·海勒1923-长篇小说：Catch-22第二十二条军规;Something Happened出了毛病;As Good as Gold像高尔德一样好剧本：We Bombed in New Haven我们轰炸纽黑文;Catch-22;Clevinger’s Trial克莱文杰受审（据Catch-22第八章）John Barth约翰·巴思1930-长篇小说：The Floating Opera漂浮的歌剧;The End of the Road穷途末路;The Sot-weed Factor 烟草代理商;Letters书信集;Giles Goat-boy山羊孩子贾尔斯;Lost in the Funhouse迷失在开心馆里（Title题目）;Chimera客迈拉；Sabbatical学院的轮休假;The Friday Book:Essays and Other Nonfictions星期五的书：论文及其他非小说Thomas Pynchon托马斯·品钦1937- (后现代主义)Geography of a Horse Dreamer马塞梦测者的地理;Angel City天使城;The Tooth of Crime罪恶的牙齿;Family家庭(Curse of the Starving Class饥饿阶级的诅咒;Buried Child被埋葬的孩子;True West真正的西部);Fool for Love情痴;A Lie of the Mind心灵的谎言;Paris/Texas德州的巴黎Poetry: Stanley KunitzRichard WilburElizabeth BishopHoward Nemerov专八人文知识英国文学主要作家、作品表英美者 英语专业网站来源:沪江论坛英语专业作者:我爱火拼俄罗斯[编辑]导言:英国文学各个时期主要作家、代表作品名录。
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Chronology of America1607: Jamestown settled1619: Africans arrive1620: Pilgrims arrive1622: Powhatan confederacy attacks Virginia 1624: Virginia becomes royal colony1624: New Netherlands settled1629: Cambridge Agreement1630: Massachusetts Bay Colony founded 1634: Maryland granted to Baltimore 1636: Williams founds Providence1637: slaves arrive in Massachusetts 1637: Pequot War1639: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1630: Rhode Island formed1643: New England Confederation formed 1650-1660: Navigation Acts1652: Rhode Island passes anti-slavery law 1656: Quakers come to America1662: Half-Way Covenant1663: Carolina chartered1670: Charles Towne established1673: first post rider used1675-1676: King Philip's War1676: Bacon's Rebellion1679: New Hampshire chartered1681: Penn founds Pennsylvania1682: Penn founds Pennsylvania1682: La Salle claims Louisiana for French 1690: Salem Witch Trials1704: Boston News-Letter founded1730s: Great Awakening1732: first public stagecoach line1732: Hat Act1733: Molasses Act1733: Oglethorpe founds Georgia1750: Iron Act1754-1763: French and Indian War1763-1765: Pontiac's Rebellion1763: Royal Proclamation of 17631764: Sugar Act1764: Currency Act1765: Quartering Act1765: Stamp Act1766: Declaratory Act1767-1770: Townshend Acts1770: Boston Massacre1772: Committees of Correspondence established1773: Tea Act1773: Boston Tea Party1774: First Continental Congress1775: Boone blazes Wilderness Road1775: Second Continental Congress1775: Continental Army formed1775-1783: Revolutionary War1776: Declaration of Independence1785: Ordinance of 17851786: Shay's Rebellion1787: Northwest Ordinance1787: Constitutional Convention1788: Ratification of Constitution1793: invention of cotton gin1794: Whiskey Rebellion1797-1789: XYZ Affair1798: Alien and Sedition Acts1798: Nullification Doctrine1801-1805: Tripolitan War1803: Marbury v. Madison1803: Louisiana Purchase1804: Lewis and Clark expedition1805: shoemakers' strike1807: Embargo Act1812-1815: War of 18121817: first steamboat appears in St. Louis1817: Mississippi becomes 20th state1818: Illinois becomes 21st state1818: opening of National Road1819: Panic of 18191819: acquisition of Florida1819: Alabama becomes 22nd state1820: Missouri Compromise1820: Maine becomes 23rd state1821: Missouri becomes 24th state1823: Monroe Doctrine1825: completion of Erie Canal1826: Holbrook founds lyceum1829: election of Andrew Jackson1830: formation of Baltimore and 1830: Godey's Lady's Book founded 1831: Nat Turner's Rebellion1832: Tariff of 18321833: U.S. Temperance Society formed1834: McCormick patents reaper1835: Colt patents revolver1836: Mount Holyoke Female Seminary founded1836: Battle of the Alamo1836: Arkansas becomes 25th state1835-1842: Second Seminole War1837: Michigan becomes 26th state1837-1844: Panic of 18371843-1859: Oregon Trail migration1845: Texas becomes a state1846: Mormons found Salt Lake City1844: Morse demonstrates telegraph 1846: Smithsonian Institution founded 1846: Howe patents "sewing jenny"1846: Wilmot Proviso1846-1848: Mexican-American War1848-1850: California Gold Rush1846: Morton introduces ether1848: Seneca Falls convention1850: Compromise of 18501850-1860: railroad boom1850-1865: daguerreotype craze1853: Gadsden Purchase1854-1858: Kansas-Nebraska Act1857: Dred Scott decision1857: Panic of 18571859: John Brown's revolt1860: Pony Express runs1862: Homestead Act1862-1869: Transcontinental Railroad built1863: Emancipation Proclamation1864: Arlington Cemetery begun1865: Lincoln assassinated1865-1867: Sioux War1865: 13th Amendment abolishes slavery1866: 14th Amendment gives blacks right to vote and equal protection 1866: KKK founded1867: Reconstruction Act1868: President Johnson impeached1869: Transcontinental Railroad completed1872: Montgomery Ward opens1872-1874: Buffalo destruction1873: Panic of 18731875-1876: Sioux uprising1876: Custer's Last Stand1876: Bell patents telephone1877: Edison invents phonograph1877: Socialist Labor party formed1881: President Garfield assassinated1882: Chinese Exclusion Act1882: Edison's station supplies power to 85 customers in New York1883: Pendleton Act1884: first roller coaster opens1886: American Federal of Labor founded1887: Interstate Commerce Act1889:Edison forms Electric Light Company, later called GE1891: Populist convention1892: Homestead strike1893: Panic of 18931894: Pullman strike1900-1910: 9 million immigrate to U.S.1901: President McKinley assassinated1902: coal strike1903: Wrights invent airplane1903: Panama Canal built1903: first World Series1907: Panic of 19071908: FBI formed1909: Peary discovers North Pole1909: Model T car manufactured1912: New Mexico becomes 47th state1912: Arizona becomes 48th state1913: 16th Amendment creates income tax1913: international art exhibition in New York1913-1921: Wilson Administration1917:America enters World War I1918: Wilson's Fourteen Points1919-1920: "Red Scare"; Palmer raids1919: Chicago race riot1920: 19th Amendment (women's suffrage)1920: Radio broadcasting begins1922: Coolidge elected president1927:Lindbergh flies the Atlantic solo; first talking motion pictures1928:Kellogg-Briand Pact; Hoover elected president1929: Stock market crash1930s: Great Depression1932: Roosevelt elected president1932:Amelia Earhart flies across the Atlantic1935-1939: Roosevelt's New Deal plans1941: Pearl Harbor attack; U.S. enters World War II1945: Roosevelt dies; Truman becomes president; Potsdam conference; atomic bombs dropped on Japan; World War II ends; United Nations established1947: Truman Doctrine; Marshall Plan1949:NATO established1950s: postwar growth in American economy1954: McCarthy hearings1950-1953:Korean War1952: Eisenhower elected president1954:Brown v. Board of Education; first McDonald's hamburger stand opens1955: Montgomery bus boycott; Warsaw Pact signed1957:Postwar peak of US birthrate; Eisenhower Doctrine; Soviet Union launches Sputnik; Little Rock, Ark., school integration violence1958-1959: Berlin airlift1959:Alaska and Hawaii attain statehood1960:Sit-in movement for civil rights begins; Kennedy elected president1961: Bay of Pigs crisis1962:Cuban missile crisis1963:Civil Rights march in Washington, D.C.; President Kennedy assassinated; Johnsonbecomes president 1964:War on Poverty begins; Civil Rights Act1965-1968:Race riots; Vietnam War escalates1968: Martin Luther King Jr. and RobertKennedy assassinated; Nixon elected president1969:U.S. astronauts land on moon1970:Environmental Protection Agencycreated; Clean Air Act1971: Pentagon Papers published; 26th Amendment changes voting age to 181973:U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam War1973-1974: Watergate investigations1974:Nixon resigns; Ford becomes president1976: Carter elected president1980:Reagan elected president1983: Reagan announces SDI plan (Star Wars)1988:Bush elected president1989: Berlin Wall comes down1991: Persian Gulf War1992:Clinton elected president1995: Federal building bombed in Oklahoma City1998: Clinton impeached2001: World Trade Center and Pentagon attacked2003: U.S. invades Iraq。