非谓语动词用法详解

非谓语动词用法详解动词的非谓语形式有三种:不定式、动名词和分词( 一) 不定式不定式由“ to 十动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“ not to do ”.不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语.不定式的逻辑主语有时用“ for 十名词或代词宾格”构成.1 .不定式的用法:l)作主语.不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it 作形式主语.例如:To see is to believe .It is right to give up smoking .2)作宾语.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语。

往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it 作形式宾语.例如:He wanted to go .I find it interesting to study work with him.3)作宾语补足语.例如:He asked me to do the work with him.注意:在feel ,hear ,listen to ,look at ,notice, observe ,see,watch , have, let , make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to .但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to .例如I often hear him sing the song .He is often heard to sing the song .注意:不定式动词在介词but ,except ,besides 后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do 的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to ,否则要带to .如:She could do nothing but cry.What do you like to do besides swimI have no choice but to go .动词help 之后,带to 或不带to 都可以。

Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。

4)作定语.例如:I have some books for you to read注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词.例如:He is looking for a room to live in .There is nothing to worry about .Please give me a knife to cut with .但是,不定式所修饰的名词如果是time , place或way,不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去.例如:He had no money and no place to live.注②当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同.试比较:A)Have you anything to send 你有什么东西要寄吗(不定式to send 的动作执行者是you)B)Have you anything to be sent 你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗(不定式to be sent 的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else)5)作状语,表示目的、原因、结果或条件.例如:I came here to see you .(目的)We were very excited to hear the news .(原因)He hurried to the school to find nobody there .(结果)so + adj. / adv. + as to dosuch + adj. + n. +as to do …adj. / adv.+ enough + to dotoo + adv. / adj. +to do: 太... 而不能. ; 非常...He was so foolish as to believe it.= He was such a fool as to believe it.= He was foolish enough to believe it.The ice is too thin to skate on.=The ice is not thick enough to skate on.He was too happy(情感adj.) to see his father.You can never too careful to cross the road. 再... 都不为过To look at him, you would like him .(条件)目的状语还可以用in order to 或so as to 来表示.如:In order to pass the exam, he worked very hard We ran all the way so as not to be late不定式也可在作表语用的形容词后面作状语.例如:I am very glad to hear it .The question is difficult to answer .“ too 十形容词或副词十不定式”作状语.例如:He is too old to do that .另外句子中有enough 这个词时,常用不定式作状语.例如:The room is big enough to hold us .6)作表语.例如:My job is to help the patient .7)作独立成分.例如:To tell the truth ,I don ' t agree with you.8)不定式与疑问词who,which,when,where,how,what 等连用,在句中起名词作用,可充当主语、表语、宾语,宾补等.例如:He didn 't know what to say.( 宾语)How to solve the problem is very important .( 主语)My question is when to start. ( 表语)She often teaches me how to read and write. (作宾语补足语) 她常教我如何读书写字。

注意:在与why 连用时,只用于why 或why not 开头的简短疑问句中,后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to. 例如:Why not have a rest9)不定式在句中用主动式还是被动式。

多数情况下是容易判别的,但有时的确比较复杂,请注意以下几点:A) 不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,不定式往往用主动形式.Have you got a key to unlock the door (A key unlocks the door.)B) 不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,不定式常用主动形式.I have got a letter to write .( I write letter .)He needs a room to live in .( He lives in a room .)I know what to do .( I do what .) 但这句如改为下列形式,不定式就得用被动形式:I know what is to be done.这是因为what is to be done 是宾语从句,从句中的主语what 是动词do 的动作对象C)不定式作表语形容词的状语,和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式多用主动形式,这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了for one 或for people .例如:He is hard to talk to .( to talk to him .)The book is difficult to understand. ( to understand the book.) 但如果强调句中的受事者时,亦可用不定式被动式,例如:The handwriting is very difficult to be read.( 是隐形主语,非显性主语)The box is too heavy to be lifted .D)在“ there 十be” 的结构中,当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时,不定式用主动形式,如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成,则用被动形式.There is a lot of work to do. ( Somebodyhas to do thework .)There is a lot of work to be done.( The work has to be done.)请注意下面两个句子的含义是不同的:There is nothing to do. 意为无事可做,感到十分乏味.There is nothing to be done .意为某东西坏了,无法使之恢复正常.2.不定式的时态l)不定式的一般形式所表示的动作,通常与谓语的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生,或是在它之后发生.例如:I saw him go out .2)如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行,这时不定式就要用进行式.例如:I am very glad to be working with you .3)如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就要用完成式.例如:I ' m sorry to have kept you waiting.3 .不定式的语态当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。

例如:He asked to be sent to work in the countryside .It is possible for our hopes to be realized .(二)动名词1 .动名词由动词+ ing 构成;具有动词和名词的性质; 在句中起名词作用,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语.1)作主语.例如:Seeing is believing.Laying eggs is the ant queen 's full - time job.It is no use arguing with him. 注意:动名词和不定式都可以作主语,动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为,不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作.例如:Playing with fire is dangerous .(泛指玩火)To play with fire will be dangerous .(指一具体动作)但在It is no use /good ,not any use /good ,useless 等后必需用动名词。

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非谓语动词都有哪些用法

非谓语动词都有哪些用法

非谓语动词都有哪些用法在英语学习中,非谓语动词可是个重要的知识点。

那什么是非谓语动词呢?简单来说,就是在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词形式。

非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。

接下来,咱们就详细聊聊它们各自的用法。

先说说不定式。

不定式的基本形式是“to +动词原形”,比如“todo”“to be”“to have done”等等。

不定式常常用来作主语。

比如说,“To learn English well is not easy”(学好英语不容易。

)在这个句子里,“To learn English well”就是主语,表示一个动作或行为。

不定式还能作宾语。

比如,“I want to go home”(我想回家。

)这里的“to go home”就是“want”的宾语,表示想要做的事情。

再者,不定式作定语也很常见。

像“I have a lot of work to do”(我有很多工作要做。

)“to do”就修饰“work”,说明是“要做的工作”。

它也能作状语。

例如,“He came here to see me”(他来这儿看我。

)“to see me”表示他来这儿的目的。

然后是动名词。

动名词的形式是“动词+ing”,像“doing”“having done”。

动名词可以作主语。

比如,“Swimming is good for health”(游泳对健康有益。

)作宾语也是动名词常见的用法。

“I enjoy reading”(我喜欢阅读。

)“reading”就是“enjoy”的宾语。

动名词还能作表语。

“His hobby is collecting stamps”(他的爱好是集邮。

)“collecting stamps”就是表语,说明主语的性质或情况。

现在来说说分词。

现在分词形式是“动词+ing”,过去分词形式一般是“动词+ed”(当然也有不规则变化)。

现在分词可以作定语。

“The smiling girl is my sister”(那个微笑的女孩是我妹妹。

非谓语动词的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结非谓语动词是汉语中一种特殊的动词形式,它不具备人称和数的特征,并不直接表达动作的主体,而是依附于其他句子成分,用来修饰名词、动词、形容词或整个句子。

非谓语动词包括了不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。

今天我们就来总结一下它们的用法。

一、不定式(infinitive)是一种基本的非谓语动词形式,它的形态是“to + 动词原形”。

不定式可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语等。

例如:1. 作主语:To learn a new language is never too late.学一门新语言永远都不会太晚。

2. 作宾语:I want to visit Paris in the spring.我想在春天去巴黎旅游。

3. 作定语:The best way to improve your English is to practice every day.提高英语的最好方法就是每天练习。

4. 作表语:His dream is to become a famous musician.他的梦想是成为一名著名的音乐家。

5. 作同位语:Her wish is for everyone to be happy.她的愿望是每个人都快乐。

二、动名词(gerund)是名词化的动词,它的形态是动词的现在分词形式(V-ing),可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语等。

例如:1. 作主语:Swimming is good for your health.游泳对身体健康有好处。

2. 作宾语:He enjoys playing basketball in his free time.他喜欢在空闲时间打篮球。

3. 作定语:I have a meeting with my boss this afternoon.我今天下午有个与老板的会议。

4. 作表语:Her favorite activity is dancing.她最喜欢的活动是跳舞。

动词的非谓语形式及其用法详解

动词的非谓语形式及其用法详解

动词的非谓语形式及其用法详解动词是语言中最基本的词类之一,它用来表示动作、状态或者存在。

除了常见的谓语形式,动词还有一些非谓语形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

本文将详细介绍这些非谓语形式及其用法。

一、动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,一般由“to + 动词原形”构成。

它有以下几种用法:1. 作目的状语:动词不定式可以在句子中充当目的状语,表示动作的目的或目标。

例:I went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.(我去超市买了些杂货。

)2. 作结果状语:动词不定式可以表示动作的结果。

例:She studied hard to pass the exam.(她努力学习以通过考试。

)3. 作目补:动词不定式可以作为某些动词的宾语补语,用来补充说明宾语的内容或者目的。

例:I want to be a doctor.(我想成为一名医生。

)4. 作形容词定语:动词不定式可以修饰名词,充当形容词。

例:He has a book to read.(他有一本可以阅读的书。

)二、动名词动名词是一种由动词构成的名词,通常以-ing结尾。

它有以下几种用法:1. 作主语:动名词可以作为句子的主语。

例:Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。

)2. 作宾语:动名词可以作为及物动词的宾语。

例:She enjoys reading novels.(她喜欢读小说。

)3. 作介词的宾语或介词短语的一部分:动名词可以跟在介词后面,充当介词的宾语或介词短语的一部分。

例:He is good at cooking.(他擅长做饭。

)三、分词分词是一种由动词构成的非谓语形式,根据其形式和用法的不同,分词可以分为现在分词(ing形式)和过去分词(通常以-ed、-en结尾)。

分词有以下几种用法:1. 作定语:分词可以修饰名词,充当形容词。

例:The broken window needs to be repaired.(这扇破损的窗户需要修理。

非谓语动词的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结动词不定式(一) 时态1. 一般式动词不定式的一般式表示与谓语动词同时或之后的行为。

如: I want to have a restI plan to attend the meeting 2. 完成式不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的行为。

如:I ’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 3进展式不定式的动作假如同谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生那么使用不定式的进展式。

如: They seemed to be talking about something important. 4. 完成进展式不定式的完成进展式表示在谓语动词之前已经发生,并且一直进展着的动作。

如: He is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years. 〔二〕动词不定式用法:1. 作主语To master English gives us much help in the study of science 2. 作宾语I want to leave here soon. He pretended to be a doctor. 3. 作表语The most important thing is to study hard. 4. 作宾语补足语不定式作定语必须放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面。

I have no time to talk with her. 6. 作状语不定式作状语时可以表示目的、原因、结果或条件。

I came here to learn from you ( 目的) I ’m very glad to heard the news。

〔原因〕 He is old enough to go to school.(结果) To look at him ,you can’t help laughing.Notes:7. 不定式的复合构造。

非谓语动词的形式与用法

非谓语动词的形式与用法

非谓语动词的形式与用法非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词,但不具备谓语功能的动词形式。

它由动词原形或动词的-ing、-ed、-en等形式构成,在句子中主要用来作定语、状语、补语等。

非谓语动词有不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词四种形式。

本文将介绍非谓语动词的形式与用法。

一、不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,可以作为动词、名词、形容词或副词使用。

1. 作为动词:不定式可以作为动词的主语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。

例如:To swim is my favorite hobby.(不定式作主语)I want to visit France.(不定式作宾语)She needs someone to help her.(不定式作宾语补足语)Her dream is to become a doctor.(不定式作同位语)2. 作为名词:不定式可以作为名词的主语、宾语、表语等。

例如:To learn is important.(不定式作主语)I have a book to read.(不定式作宾语)His goal is to win the championship.(不定式作表语)3. 作为形容词:不定式可以修饰名词,表示名词的目的、用途、特点等。

例如:She bought a book to improve her English.(不定式修饰名词book,表示目的)4. 作为副词:不定式可以修饰动词、形容词或副词,表示目的、结果、原因等。

例如:He studied hard to pass the exam.(不定式修饰动词studied,表示目的)The movie was interesting to watch.(不定式修饰形容词interesting,表示结果)二、动名词动名词是动词变成名词的形式,以动词的-ing形式构成,可以作为名词、主语、宾语、表语、定语等使用。

1. 作为名词:动名词可以作为名词的主语、宾语、表语等。

非谓语动词用法精讲(完整版)-(共133张)

非谓语动词用法精讲(完整版)-(共133张)

● ② 动词-ing形式的完成式一般只用来作状语, 不作定语。两个分词所表示的时间有先后,不 用分词作定语表示先时性。 【误】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 【正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 被地 震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。
A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid
④. The repairs cost a lot ,but it’s money well ________. A.to spend B.Spent C.being spent D.Spending
4、分词作状语
B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung
②.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
Do you know anyone having lost a cat? × Do you know anyone who has lost a cat? √
c. 不定式作定语,指将来的时间,与被修饰词 形成主谓、动宾、同位关系或修饰关系。
The next train to arrive was from New York. This is the material ___ in the lab tomorrow.

非谓语动词的用法

非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词是指在句子中具有动词功能,但不具备谓语的形式。

它包括不定式、现在分词和过去分词。

非谓语动词在句子中充当名词、形容词或副词的作用,能够丰富句子的表达,使语言更加地简洁准确。

本文将介绍非谓语动词的用法,并提供一些实例加以说明。

一、不定式的用法1. 作主语不定式可以作为句子的主语,常用的句型有:-To err is human.(犯错是人类的特性。

)-To be or not to be, that is the question.(生存还是毁灭,这是个问题。

)2. 作宾语不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常见的动词有:-want, hope, plan, decide等。

例如:-I want to learn a new language.(我想学一门新的语言。

)-She hopes to become a doctor.(她希望成为一名医生。

)3. 作宾语补足语不定式可以作及物动词的宾语补足语,用来补充说明或解释宾语的情况。

例如:-They consider him to be the best candidate for the position.(他们认为他是最适合这个职位的人选。

)-I find it difficult to understand his accent.(我发现很难理解他的口音。

)4. 作表语不定式可以作为系动词的表语,常用的系动词有:-be, seem, appear等。

例如:-Her dream is to become a famous singer.(她的梦想是成为一名著名的歌手。

)-The question remains to be answered.(这个问题有待回答。

)5. 作状语不定式可以作状语,表示目的、结果、原因、条件等,通常放在句子的末尾。

例如:-He went to the store to buy some groceries.(他去商店买些杂货。

非谓语动词用法详解

非谓语动词用法详解动词的非谓语形式有三种:不定式、动名词和分词(一)不定式不定式由“to十动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”.不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语.不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for十名词或代词宾格”构成.1.不定式的用法:l)作主语.不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.例如:To see is to believe.It is right to give up smoking.2)作宾语.不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语。

往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语.例如:He wanted to go.I find it interesting to study work with him.3)作宾语补足语.例如:He asked me to do the work with him.注意:在feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice, observe,see,watch,have, let,make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to.但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to.例如I often hear him sing the song.He is often heard to sing the song.注意:不定式动词在介词but,except,besides后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to.如:She could do nothing but cry.What do you like to do besides swim?I have no choice but to go.动词help之后,带to或不带to都可以。

Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗?She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。

非谓语动词的七种形态的用法和含义

非谓语动词的七种形态的用法和含义
非谓语动词的七种形态包括不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词、分词短语、不定式短语和动名词短语。

1.不定式:to do,常用于表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。

例如:She went to the market to buy some vegetables.
2.动名词:doing,可作主语、宾语、表语等,常用于表示动作的
进行与持续。

例如:Reading is her favorite hobby.
3.现在分词:doing,表示与主语同时或者正在进行的动作。

例如:The boy standing over there is my friend.
4.过去分词:done,可用作形容词或者与助动词连用表示完成的
动作。

例如:The work was done by the team.
5.分词短语:having done,表示在完成某个动作之后发生的事情。

例如:Having finished her homework, she went to bed.
6.不定式短语:to be done,表示被动或者完成的动作。

例如:The report is to be submitted by tomorrow.
7.动名词短语:enjoying swimming,表示主语进行的动作是令人愉快的。

例如:She enjoys swimming in the sea.
除了以上七种形态外,非谓语动词还可以组成短语或者从句,常用于虚拟语气、句子的修饰、分句或者非限制性定语从句等。

完全掌握非谓语动词的用法对于提高英语写作和阅读水平非常重要。

非谓语动词的用法详解

非谓语动词非谓语动词有3种:不定式,动名词和分词。

不定式不定式由“to do”构成,其否定式“not to do”。

不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有语态的变化,不定式可作主,宾,定,状,补,表,不能单独作谓语。

一. 不定式的用法1 作主语To see is to believe.It is right to give up smoking.2 作表语My job is to teach English.3 作宾语He wanted to go.I find it hard to work with him.常见用不定式作宾语的动词:want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expec t, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined4 作补语He asked me to open the door.常见用不定式作宾补的动词:advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, considerpractice:* 在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe,和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中,不定式不带to,但这些句子变成被动结构时,就必须带toI often hear him sing the song.He is often heard to sing the song.5 作定语He is looking for a room to live in.There’s nothing to worry about.不定式作定语的用法:6 作状语I came here to see you. (表目的) in order to / so as toWe were excited to hear the news. (表原因)He hurried to the school (only) to find nobody there.(表结果7 疑问词+不定式,在句中起名词作用,可作主,宾,表He didn’t know what to say.How to solve the problem is very important.My question is when to start.8 作插入语To tell the truth, I don’t agree with you.to be sure to be frank to sum up to begin /start withto make matters worse to be brief二不定式的时态,语态1 一般式:表示的动作与谓语动作同时或在它之后发生He pretended not to know me when I met him in the street.2 进行式:表示动作发生时,不定式动作正在发生He pretended to be reading English when I entered the classroom.3 完成式:表示动作发生在谓语动作之前He is said to have learned English in Britain for a year.A railway is said to be being built now.No harm seems to have been done.四不定式的省略为避免重复可用to来代替前面的不定式,常出现在下列动词后expect, hope, wish, mean, prefer, care, forget, want, try 或出现在be glad, be happy, would like/love后eg: I haven’t been to Hong Kong, but I wish to.--- Would you come to the party?--- I’d love to, but…如果在省略不定式中含有be, have, have been 等系动词或助动词,这些词要保留。

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